英语 必修 第一册 RJ
子主题1：了解其他国家的文化和语言 子主题2：了解汉字的发展和对我国文化传承和发展的重要性 子主题3：提出学习英语的困难并思考英语学习的策略和方法 子主题4：写一篇关于英语学习的博客
开篇页引言：“One language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way.(一门语言能带你进入人生旅途，两门语言则为你开启人生旅途中的所有大门。)”出自当代心理语言学家 Frank Smith (弗兰克·史密斯)。21世纪是需要全球各国深度沟通与合作的时代，在创建“人类命运共同体”这一使命的召唤下，国家对精通各种外语的专业人才的需求急剧增长。学习和掌握至少一门外语能为未来提供更多的可能。学习外语既是时代的召唤，也是这个时代赋予的使命。
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．billion num. 十亿
2．attitude n. 态度；看法
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于→reference n. 指称关系；参考
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
refer__to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
一、看表格比较英式英语和美式英语发音的不同
word 英音 美音
schedule /' edju l/ /'sked u l/
hostile /'h staIl/ /'hɑ st( )l/
either /'aI (r)/ /'i r/
address / 'dres/ /' dres/
direct /dI'rekt, daI'rekt/ /daI'rekt, dI'rekt/
laboratory /l 'b r tri/ /'l br t ri/
advertisement / d'v tIsm nt/ / dv r'taIzm nt/
shone / n/ / ɑ n/
二、看图比较常用单词的不同
探究一 热词
1.native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人(教材P60)
one's native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语 be native to 原产于…… be a native of ... 是……的人；原产于……的动物或植物
【语境感知】
①My native language is Chinese, which is one of the six working languages of the United Nations.
我的母语是汉语，它是联合国六种工作语言之一。
②It is said that durian is native to Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei.
据说榴莲原产于马来西亚、印度尼西亚和文莱。
③He is a native of Washington state who has lived in the China since 1975.
他是土生土长的华盛顿州人，自1975年以来一直生活在中国。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①You can always tell the difference between the tourists and the natives (native)．
②The kangaroo is a native of Australia.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③事实上，法语不是我的母语。
As__a__matter__of__fact,__French__is__not__my__native__language.
④这是自1948年以来他首次回到自己的祖国。
It__was__his__first__visit__to__his__native__country__since__1948.
探究二 短语
2.refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅(教材P60)
refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于 reference n. 指称关系；提及，涉及；参考，参考书目 refer ... to ... 把……送交给…… refer to ... as ... 把……称作…… in/with reference to 关于
【语境感知】
①He works for a company that publishes reference books.
他在一家工具书出版公司工作。
②I promised not to refer to the matter again.
我答应过不再提这件事。
③My doctor referred me to a specialist.
我的医生让我去找一位专家诊治。
④They always refer to the shy teenager as a book worm.
他们总是把那个害羞的少年叫做书虫。
⑤I am writing with reference to your article on English study method.
我是就你那篇关于英语学习方法的文章写这封信的。(咨询信)
refer to作“查阅，参考”讲时，后接词典或参考书等；look up作“查阅，查找”讲时，后接被查找的事物。 ①You may refer to the dictionary if you want. 如果需要，可以查阅词典。 ②Can you look up the opening hours on the website 你可以在网站上查一下开放时间吗？
【学会运用】写出下列句子中refer to的汉语意思
①The expert referred to global warming at least 3 times in his lecture.提到
②While giving the English speech，one is not allowed to refer to the notes.参考
③The word “business” also refers to an organization that supplies goods and service.指的是
【学会表达】翻译句子
④这家图书馆藏有许多常用的参考书。
The__library__contains__many__common__reference__books.
⑤作家时常查阅字典。
Writers__often__refer__to__a__dictionary.
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(E)1.reference A．n. 十亿
(B)2.native B．adj. 本地的
(D)3.attitude C．vi. 提到；参考
(C)4.refer D．n. 态度；看法
(A)5.billion E．n. 指称关系
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)6.pay attention to A．既不……也不……
(C)7.attitude towards B．指的是；提到；查阅
(A)8.neither ... nor ... C．对……的态度
(D)9.around the world D．全世界
(B)10.refer to E．注意
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．attitude n. 态度；看法
2．international adj. 国际的，国际上的
3．pronounce v. 发(音)，读(音)
4．reference n. 指称关系；参考
5．invent v. 发明，创造
6．billion n. 十亿
7．official adj. 正式的，官方的
8．refer vi. 提到；参考 vt. 查询
9．cartoon n. 漫画，讽刺画
10．native adj. 本地的 n. 本地人
Ⅲ.选词填空
native, attitude, reference, billion, international, invent, official, main
1．Her main interests are music and gardening.
2．She was the boss of a large international company.
3．The population of China is over one billion．
4．The country's official language is Spanish.
5．She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans.
6．If you want to pass your exams you'd better change your attitude!
7．He is the one who invented the first electric clock.
8．The horse is not native to America—it was introduced by the Spanish.
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1．Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy reference (refer)．
2．The kangaroo is a native of Australia.
3．Billions (billion) of dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries.
4．The rules make it clear that calculators may not be__used (use) in the examination.
5．The sun shone (shine) brightly in a cloudless sky yesterday.
6．He is planning to donate to organisations (organise) that help teenagers in need.
7．I would like to__send (send) my gratitude to my teachers.
8．The target audience for this advertisement (advertise) was mainly teenagers.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．If you don't know the meaning of the word, you may refer__to__a__dictionary (查阅字典)．
2．Kindness is like spreading hugs around__the__world (全世界)．
3．The__official__language__of__China (中国的官方语言) is Putonghua, while the foreigners usually call it Mandarin.
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．这次旅行既不需要背包也不需要机票。
The__journey__required__neither__a__backpack__nor__a__plane__ticket.
2．他对其他参赛者持非常包容的态度。
He__has__a__very__open__attitude__towards__other__competitors.
3．一想到他竟然对我说谎，我就很伤心。
It__hurts__me__to__think__that__he__should__lie__to__me.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·河北省邯郸市高一上月考)When I was a high school student, I was faced with the world with the innocence that only comes with youth. I had always been fascinated by the idea of learning a new language, but I had never truly understood the challenges involved. That was until one day, when I decided to take the risk and learn Spanish.
It all started when I visited my cousin in Spain. Watching her effortlessly communicate with locals in their native language, I was filled with envy. I realized that, despite my ability to speak English and a little French, I was still missing an important tool: a deep understanding of another major language.
So, I did what any determined teenager would do; I set out to learn Spanish. I downloaded language－learning apps, bought textbooks, and even signed up for private classes. Actually, it was not easy. The grammar rules were different, the vocabulary unfamiliar, and the pronunciation challenging.
But I refused to give up. I spent hours listening to Spanish music and watching Spanish language movies. I role－played with my teacher, speaking aloud and making mistakes. Gradually, the language started to feel more natural. Months passed, and my hard work began to pay off. My Spanish improved, and I felt confident enough to try speaking it in real－life situations. The first time I ordered a meal in Spanish in a restaurant, I felt like an explorer conquering a new land.
Now, when I look back on that version of myself, I can't help but feel proud. It might have taken months of hard work and late－night study sessions, but in the end, the journey was more than worth it. It has given me a deeper understanding of myself and the world around me.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习西班牙语的故事。
1．Why did the author decide to learn Spanish？( )
A．She felt a deep connection to Spanish culture.
B．She was inspired by the cousin's language skills.
C．She was influenced by a friend's recommendation.
D．She wanted to impress people with fluent Spanish.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It all started ... I was filled with envy.”可知，作者决定学习西班牙语是受到了表妹的语言能力的激励。故选B。
2．What did the author do during her journey to learning Spanish？( )
A．She engaged in various activities.
B．She quit learning Spanish halfway.
C．She sought help from native speakers.
D．She adopted her teacher's study methods.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I downloaded language－learning apps… private classes.”和第四段中的“I spent hours ... and making mistakes.”可知，作者通过参与各种各样的活动来学习西班牙语。故选A。
3．Which words can best describe the author？( )
A．Positive and helpful.
B．Determined and hard-working.
C．Gifted and curious.
D．Generous and easy－going.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But I refused ... and making mistakes.”可推知，作者是有决心且努力的。故选B。
4．Where is the text most probably taken from？( )
A．A travel story. B．A research paper.
C．A news website. D．A personal blog.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者学习西班牙语的故事。由此可推知，文章可能出自一篇个人博客。故选D。
B
(2024·浙江省宁波市宁波九校高一上期末)Learning any language is hard, but learning English can be especially challenging. Why Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads.
Here's an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a “wazzock”. But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there's nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English—the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages.
How can these odd words be explained Part of the answer is the British sense of humor. Britons don't like to take things too seriously, and this is evident through many British words and phrases. For example, to “spend a penny” means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet.
In an interview for the BBC's website, British linguist David Crystal suggested there may be historical reasons for the large number of odd words and phrases in British English. He thinks that they began in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespeare and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays. The theater's popularity also created an incentive to invent new words. With this in mind, perhaps Shakespeare and his peers are to blame for unusual British words such as “codswallop” and “balderdash”—which both, mean “nonsense”．
While these strange words may be confusing to non－native speakers, they certainly make studying English a lot more interesting.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英式英语中出现大量奇怪单词的原因。
5．According to the text, why may non－native speakers find it more challenging to learn English？( )
A．Dictionaries are too complicated to understand.
B．The English vocabulary is too large for them to learn.
C．A large number of strange expressions confuse them.
D．The English textbooks they use are usually out of date.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Because native speakers ... scratch their heads.”可推知，母语非英语的人之所以会觉得学习英语很难是因为许多词让他们觉得非常困惑。故选C。
6．With the example of “the Oxford English Dictionary” in Paragraph 2, the author intends to ________．( )
A．stress the large number of strange terms
B．explain the origin of the strange phrases
C．show British people's attitude towards odd phrases
D．show the usefulness of the Oxford English Dictionary
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There are many ... filling its pages.”可知，英式英语中有很多奇怪的术语，如果没有这些奇怪的用法，《牛津英语词典》就会小得多。由此可推知，第二段以《牛津英语词典》为例，是为了强调英语词汇中有大量奇怪的术语。故选A。
7．Which of the following words has the similar meaning to the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 4？( )
A．Concern. B．Inspiration.
C．Application. D．Opinion.
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“He thinks that ... demand for new plays.”可知，奇怪的单词和短语始于16世纪末和17世纪初。这对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，莎士比亚和其他作家努力满足对新剧的需求。由此可推知，剧院受到了大众的欢迎，从而激发了人们发明新词，incentive意为“激发，刺激”。故选B。
8．What is the tone of the author in writing the article？( )
A．Serious. B．Anxious.
C．Indifferent. D．Humorous.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“In particular ... scratch their heads.”和第三段中的“For example ... use a public toilet.”可知，作者在文中用了诙谐的单词并举了一些有趣的例子，由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的语气是幽默的。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·四川省成都市高一上期末)Deciding to learn a new language can feel like a hard task. It can be made a lot simpler if you start off equipped with a few tips for learning a new language. 1(____)．
Immerse (使沉浸) yourself
One of the most common tips for learning a new language is to take advantage of the power of immersion. One of the easiest ways to experience immersion is to watch TV shows and movies in the tongue you are studying. 2(____)!
Set goals for yourself
Setting goals doesn't mean to just set general goals like “Become fluent in Spanish”. 3(____). A great example of this would be to say: “I want to be fluent in Spanish in 8 months”， and then set monthly, weekly, and daily goals after that. Write it all down and keep track of your progress towards your goals. Reward yourself when you achieve your weekly and monthly goals!
4(____)
It is one of the tips to learn a new language that also helps make the experience fun! Together, you can enhance each other's studies by practicing and testing each other. Even if you don't have a friend who can help, there are resources online where you can be matched with partners who are looking to learn like you, or native speakers offering their services!
Put in the effort
This is one of the most important tips on learning a new language, and possibly the most ignored. Fluency only comes from hard work and practice. 5(____),__but the results may not be so satisfying. Be prepared to put time into studying.
A．Ask a friend for help
B．Partner up with a friend
C．Let's take a look at some tips for language learning
D．Putting time in study and keep practicing every day
E．Setting goals means to set both large and small goals
F．Studying for 15 minutes a day only three times a week sounds great
G．The more time you spend immersed, the faster you are going to attain fluency
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些语言学习技巧。
1．答案：C
解析：根据上文“It can be ... a new language.(如果你一开始就掌握了一些学习一门新语言的技巧，事情会变得简单得多。)”以及下文的小标题可知，C项(让我们来看看语言学习的一些技巧)承上启下。故选C。
2．答案：G
解析：根据上文“One of the easiest ... you are studying.(体验沉浸感最简单的方法之一就是看你正在学习的语言的电视节目和电影。)”可知，G项(你沉浸的时间越多，你达到流利的速度就越快)承接上文。故选G。
3．答案：E
解析：根据上文“Setting goals doesn't mean to just set general goals like ‘Become fluent in Spanish.’”可知，设定目标并不意味着仅仅设定总体的目标，E项(设定目标意味着设定大目标和小目标)承接上文，指出设定目标的正确方法。故选E。
4．答案：B
解析：设空处位于本段小标题处，是本段主旨句。通读下文可知，本段的主旨是寻找语言学习伙伴。B项(和朋友搭档)概括本段主旨，适合作为本段小标题。故选B。
5．答案：F
解析：上文“Fluency only comes from hard work and practice.”提到了学好语言离不开努力学习和练习；下文“but the results may not be so satisfying”表明设空处提到的做法不能令人满意，由此可知，F项(每天学习15分钟，每周三次听起来不错)承接上文，并与下文构成转折关系。故选F。
精深阅读
(2024·陕西省宝鸡市金台区高一上期末)A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes and suffixes can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin (拉丁语的) word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习词汇时词根的重要性，并举例说明了如何通过词根理解词汇的意义。
1．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”？
A．Jim pays every time.
B．They each pay half.
C．They take turns paying.
D．Their parents pay for them.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If you and your friend ... are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭，第一次你付钱，下次另一个人付钱，你们就是交替付款。由此可推知，Jim (吉姆)和Lily (莉莉)去看电影时轮流付钱就是alternating paying。故选C。
2．How does the author explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact.
B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story.
D．By having a discussion.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者以词根“Alter”为例说明词根对词汇学习的重要性。由此可推知，作者通过举例的方式来阐述他对词根的观点。故选B。
3．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years.
B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，词汇和它的拉丁语词根相关。拉丁语词根“Sen”的意思是“年老的；年纪大的”，结合A项句意“我哥哥比我大两岁。”可推知，senior “较年长的人；长者”一词使用了拉丁语词根“Sen”。故选A。
4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
(①＝Paragraph (段落) 1 ②＝Paragraph 2, ...)
答案：B
解析：文章结构题。第一段总领全文，提出研究词根的重要性；第二段通过类比说明如何利用词根来分析词义；第三段和第四段是并列关系，用举例的方式说明如何通过词根来分析词义，与第二段构成并列关系；最后一段是对全文内容的总结。故选B。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．dig vi. 钻研；搜寻，寻找；挖掘
2．unlock v. 开……的锁；发现，揭示
3．memory n. 记忆
4．examine v. 审查，调查；检查，检验
5．alternate v. （使）交替 adj. 轮流的，交替的
(二)高频短语
6．deal__with 处理，对付
7．look for 寻找
8．take__time__to__do__sth 花费时间做某事
9．have__something__to__do__with 与……有关
10．pay back 回报，偿还
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．She was deeply (deep) affected by the sad story.
12．Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown (known)．
13．What you said just now has something to do with the matter.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．I dug around in my bag for a pen.寻找，搜寻
15．To judge from his words, he was very upset.判断
16．I will do everything in my power to help you. 能力
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．We are faced with a difficult choice.alternative
18．It is usual to start a speech by thanking everybody for mon
19．It's time you settled your differences with your father. solved
(六)长难句分析
20．Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
句意：深入地研究一个陌生的大字，你就会明白它的由来。
分析：主干是Dig__into__a__word__and__you__will__...__from；and连接并列句；where引导宾语从句，作动词understand的宾语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．They may come__from (来自) totally different cultures.
22．We must take positive steps to deal__with (处理) the problem.
(八)仿写句子
23．Know them, and you will have the word building power.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
仿写：明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验室的结果。
Call__me__tomorrow， _and__I'll__let__you__know__the__lab__result.
15(共61张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
子主题1：了解其他国家的文化和语言
子主题2：了解汉字的发展和对我国文化传承和发展的重要性
子主题3：提出学习英语的困难并思考英语学习的策略和方法
子主题4：写一篇关于英语学习的博客
开篇页引言：“One language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way.(一门语言能带你进入人生旅途，两门语言则为你开启人生旅途中的所有大门。)”出自当代心理语言学家 Frank Smith (弗兰克·史密斯)。21世纪是需要全球各国深度沟通与合作的时代，在创建“人类命运共同体”这一使命的召唤下，国家对精通各种外语的专业人才的需求急剧增长。学习和掌握至少一门外语能为未来提供更多的可能。学习外语既是时代的召唤，也是这个时代赋予的使命。
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 助力听说
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．billion num. ______
2．attitude n. ___________
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
______ adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
______ vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于→ _________ n. 指称关系；参考
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
________ 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
十亿
态度；看法
native
refer
reference
Refer to
自主学习 助力听说
一、看表格比较英式英语和美式英语发音的不同
二、看图比较常用单词的不同
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 热词
高频词
1.native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的
n . 本地人(教材P60)
one's native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
be native to 原产于……
be a native of ... 是……的人；原产于……的动物或植物
【语境感知】
①My native language is Chinese, which is one of the six working languages of the United Nations.
我的母语是汉语，它是联合国六种工作语言之一。
②It is said that durian is native to Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei.
据说榴莲原产于马来西亚、印度尼西亚和文莱。
③He is a native of Washington state who has lived in the China since 1975.
他是土生土长的华盛顿州人，自1975年以来一直生活在中国。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①You can always tell the difference between the tourists and the ______ (native)．
②The kangaroo is a native ____ Australia.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③事实上，法语不是我的母语。
____________________________________________
④这是自1948年以来他首次回到自己的祖国。
____________________________________________
natives
of
As a matter of fact, French is not my native language.
It was his first visit to his native country since 1948.
探究二 短语
2.refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅(教材P60)
refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于
reference n. 指称关系；提及，涉及；参考，参考书目
refer ... to ... 把……送交给……
refer to ... as ... 把……称作……
in/with reference to 关于
【语境感知】
①He works for a company that publishes reference books.
他在一家工具书出版公司工作。
②I promised not to refer to the matter again.
我答应过不再提这件事。
③My doctor referred me to a specialist.
我的医生让我去找一位专家诊治。
④They always refer to the shy teenager as a book worm.
他们总是把那个害羞的少年叫做书虫。
⑤I am writing with reference to your article on English study method.
我是就你那篇关于英语学习方法的文章写这封信的。(咨询信)
refer to作“查阅，参考”讲时，后接词典或参考书等；look up作“查阅，查找”讲时，后接被查找的事物。
①You may refer to the dictionary if you want.
如果需要，可以查阅词典。
②Can you look up the opening hours on the website
你可以在网站上查一下开放时间吗？
【学会运用】写出下列句子中refer to的汉语意思
①The expert referred to global warming at least 3 times in his lecture. _______
②While giving the English speech，one is not allowed to refer to the notes. ______
③The word “business” also refers to an organization that supplies goods and service. _______
【学会表达】翻译句子
④这家图书馆藏有许多常用的参考书。
___________________________________________
⑤作家时常查阅字典。
____________________________
提到
参考
The library contains many common reference books.
Writers often refer to a dictionary.
指的是
对点练习 巩固所学
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(___)1.reference A．n. 十亿
(___)2.native B．adj. 本地的
(___)3.attitude C．vi. 提到；参考
(___)4.refer D．n. 态度；看法
(___)5.billion E．n. 指称关系
E
B
D
C
A
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(___)6.pay attention to A．既不……也不……
(___)7.attitude towards B．指的是；提到；查阅
(___)8.neither ... nor ... C．对……的态度
(___)9.around the world D．全世界
(___)10.refer to E．注意
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．_______ n. 态度；看法
2．___________ adj. 国际的，国际上的
3．__________ v. 发(音)，读(音)
4．________ n. 指称关系；参考
5．_____ v. 发明，创造
6．______ n. 十亿
7．_______ adj. 正式的，官方的
8．_____ vi. 提到；参考 vt. 查询
9．_______ n. 漫画，讽刺画
10．______ adj. 本地的 n. 本地人
attitude
international
pronounce
reference
inven
billion
official
refer
cartoon
native
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Her _____ interests are music and gardening.
2．She was the boss of a large ___________ company.
3．The population of China is over one ______．
4．The country's ________ language is Spanish.
5．She made no ________ to her illness but only to her future plans.
6．If you want to pass your exams you'd better change your _______!
7．He is the one who ________ the first electric clock.
8．The horse is not ______ to America—it was introduced by the Spanish.
main
native, attitude, reference, billion, international, invent, official, main
international
billion
official
reference
attitude
invented
native
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1．Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy _________ (refer)．
2．The kangaroo is a native ___ Australia.
3．_________ (billion) of dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries.
4．The rules make it clear that calculators may not ______ (use) in the examination.
5．The sun ______ (shine) brightly in a cloudless sky yesterday.
6．He is planning to donate to ___________ (organise) that help teenagers in need.
7．I would like _______ (send) my gratitude to my teachers.
8．The target audience for this ____________ (advertise) was mainly teenagers.
reference
of
Billions
be used
shone
organisations
to send
advertisement
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．If you don‘t know the meaning of the word, you may _________________ (查阅字典)．
2．Kindness is like spreading hugs _______________ (全世界)．
3．__________________________ (中国的官方语言) is Putonghua, while the foreigners usually call it Mandarin.
refer to a dictionary
around the world
The official language of China
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．这次旅行既不需要背包也不需要机票。
________________________________________________
2．他对其他参赛者持非常包容的态度。
_____________________________________________
3．一想到他竟然对我说谎，我就很伤心。
____________________________________
The journey required neither a backpack nor a plane ticket .
He has a very open attitude towards other competitors.
It hurts me to think that he should lie to me.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·河北省邯郸市高一上月考)When I was a high school student, I was faced with the world with the innocence that only comes with youth. I had always been fascinated by the idea of learning a new language, but I had never truly understood the challenges involved. That was until one day, when I decided to take the risk and learn Spanish.
It all started when I visited my cousin in Spain. Watching her effortlessly communicate with locals in their native language, I was filled with envy. I realized that, despite my ability to speak English and a little French, I was still missing an important tool: a deep understanding of another major language.
So, I did what any determined teenager would do; I set out to learn Spanish. I downloaded language－learning apps, bought textbooks, and even signed up for private classes. Actually, it was not easy. The grammar rules were different, the vocabulary unfamiliar, and the pronunciation challenging.
But I refused to give up. I spent hours listening to Spanish music and watching Spanish language movies. I role－played with my teacher, speaking aloud and making mistakes. Gradually, the language started to feel more natural. Months passed, and my hard work began to pay off. My Spanish improved, and I felt confident enough to try speaking it in real－life situations. The first time I ordered a meal in Spanish in a restaurant, I felt like an explorer conquering a new land.
Now, when I look back on that version of myself, I can't help but feel proud. It might have taken months of hard work and late－night study sessions, but in the end, the journey was more than worth it. It has given me a deeper understanding of myself and the world around me.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习西班牙语的故事。
篇章导读
1．Why did the author decide to learn Spanish ( )
A．She felt a deep connection to Spanish culture.
B．She was inspired by the cousin's language skills.
C．She was influenced by a friend's recommendation.
D．She wanted to impress people with fluent Spanish.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It all started ... I was filled with envy.”可知，作者决定学习西班牙语是受到了表妹的语言能力的激励。故选B。
答案
解析
2．What did the author do during her journey to learning Spanish ( )
A．She engaged in various activities.
B．She quit learning Spanish halfway.
C．She sought help from native speakers.
D．She adopted her teacher's study methods.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I downloaded language－learning apps … private classes.”和第四段中的“I spent hours ... and making mistakes.”可知，作者通过参与各种各样的活动来学习西班牙语。故选A。
答案
解析
3．Which words can best describe the author ( )
A．Positive and helpful.
B．Determined and hard-working.
C．Gifted and curious.
D．Generous and easy-going.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But I refused ... and making mistakes.”可推知，作者是有决心且努力的。故选B。
答案
解析
4．Where is the text most probably taken from ( )
A．A travel story. B．A research paper.
C．A news website. D．A personal blog.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者学习西班牙语的故事。由此可推知，文章可能出自一篇个人博客。故选D。
答案
解析
B
(2024·浙江省宁波市宁波九校高一上期末)Learning any language is hard, but learning English can be especially challenging. Why Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads.
Here's an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a “wazzock”. But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there's nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English—the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages.
How can these odd words be explained Part of the answer is the British sense of humor. Britons don't like to take things too seriously, and this is evident through many British words and phrases. For example, to “spend a penny” means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet.
In an interview for the BBC's website, British linguist David Crystal suggested there may be historical reasons for the large number of odd words and phrases in British English. He thinks that they began in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespeare and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays. The theater's popularity also created an incentive to invent new words. With this in mind, perhaps Shakespeare and his peers are to blame for unusual British words such as “codswallop” and “balderdash”—which both, mean “nonsense”．
While these strange words may be confusing to non－native speakers, they certainly make studying English a lot more interesting.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英式英语中出现大量奇怪单词的原因。
篇章导读
5．According to the text, why may non－native speakers find it more challenging to learn English ( )
A．Dictionaries are too complicated to understand.
B．The English vocabulary is too large for them to learn.
C．A large number of strange expressions confuse them.
D．The English textbooks they use are usually out of date.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Because native speakers ... scratch their heads.”可推知，母语非英语的人之所以会觉得学习英语很难是因为许多词让他们觉得非常困惑。故选C。
答案
解析
6．With the example of “the Oxford English Dictionary” in Paragraph 2, the author intends to ________．( )
A．stress the large number of strange terms
B．explain the origin of the strange phrases
C．show British people's attitude towards odd phrases
D．show the usefulness of the Oxford English Dictionary
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There are many ... filling its pages.”可知，英式英语中有很多奇怪的术语，如果没有这些奇怪的用法，《牛津英语词典》就会小得多。由此可推知，第二段以《牛津英语词典》为例，是为了强调英语词汇中有大量奇怪的术语。故选A。
答案
解析
7．Which of the following words has the similar meaning to the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 4 ( )
A．Concern. B．Inspiration.
C．Application. D．Opinion.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“He thinks that ... demand for new plays.”可知，奇怪的单词和短语始于16世纪末和17世纪初。这对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，莎士比亚和其他作家努力满足对新剧的需求。由此可推知，剧院受到了大众的欢迎，从而激发了人们发明新词，incentive意为“激发，刺激”。故选B。
答案
解析
8．What is the tone of the author in writing the article ( )
A．Serious. B．Anxious.
C．Indifferent. D．Humorous.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“In particular ... scratch their heads.”和第三段中的“For example ... use a public toilet.”可知，作者在文中用了诙谐的单词并举了一些有趣的例子，由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的语气是幽默的。故选D。
答案
解析
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·四川省成都市高一上期末)Deciding to learn a new language can feel like a hard task. It can be made a lot simpler if you start off equipped with a few tips for learning a new language. 1(____)．
Immerse (使沉浸) yourself
One of the most common tips for learning a new language is to take advantage of the power of immersion. One of the easiest ways to experience immersion is to watch TV shows and movies in the tongue you are studying. 2(____)!
Set goals for yourself
Setting goals doesn't mean to just set general goals like “Become fluent in Spanish”. 3(____). A great example of this would be to say: “I want to be fluent in Spanish in 8 months”， and then set monthly, weekly, and daily goals after that. Write it all down and keep track of your progress towards your goals. Reward yourself when you achieve your weekly and monthly goals!
4(____)
It is one of the tips to learn a new language that also helps make the experience fun! Together, you can enhance each other's studies by practicing and testing each other. Even if you don't have a friend who can help, there are resources online where you can be matched with partners who are looking to learn like you, or native speakers offering their services!
Put in the effort
This is one of the most important tips on learning a new language, and possibly the most ignored. Fluency only comes from hard work and practice. 5(____), but the results may not be so satisfying. Be prepared to put time into studying.
A．Ask a friend for help
B．Partner up with a friend
C．Let's take a look at some tips for language learning
D．Putting time in study and keep practicing every day
E．Setting goals means to set both large and small goals
F．Studying for 15 minutes a day only three times a week sounds great
G．The more time you spend immersed, the faster you are going to attain fluency
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些语言学习技巧。
篇章导读
1．C
解析：根据上文“It can be ... a new language.(如果你一开始就掌握了一些学习一门新语言的技巧，事情会变得简单得多。)”以及下文的小标题可知，C项(让我们来看看语言学习的一些技巧)承上启下。故选C。
2．G
解析：根据上文“One of the easiest ... you are studying.(体验沉浸感最简单的方法之一就是看你正在学习的语言的电视节目和电影。)”可知，G项(你沉浸的时间越多，你达到流利的速度就越快)承接上文。故选G。
答案
解析
3． E
解析：根据上文“Setting goals doesn't mean to just set general goals like ‘Become fluent in Spanish.’”可知，设定目标并不意味着仅仅设定总体的目标，E项(设定目标意味着设定大目标和小目标)承接上文，指出设定目标的正确方法。故选E。
4． B
解析：设空处位于本段小标题处，是本段主旨句。通读下文可知，本段的主旨是寻找语言学习伙伴。B项(和朋友搭档)概括本段主旨，适合作为本段小标题。故选B。
答案
解析
5． F
解析：上文“Fluency only comes from hard work and practice.”提到了学好语言离不开努力学习和练习；下文“but the results may not be so satisfying”表明设空处提到的做法不能令人满意，由此可知，F项(每天学习15分钟，每周三次听起来不错)承接上文，并与下文构成转折关系。故选F。
答案
解析
(2024·陕西省宝鸡市金台区高一上期末)A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
精深阅读
As you know, prefixes and suffixes can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin (拉丁语的) word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习词汇时词根的重要性，并举例说明了如何通过词根理解词汇的意义。
篇章导读
1．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”
A．Jim pays every time.
B．They each pay half.
C．They take turns paying.
D．Their parents pay for them.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If you and your friend ... are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭，第一次你付钱，下次另一个人付钱，你们就是交替付款。由此可推知，Jim (吉姆)和Lily (莉莉)去看电影轮流付钱就是alternating paying。故选C。
答案
解析
2．How does the author explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact.
B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story.
D．By having a discussion.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者以词根“Alter”为例说明词根对词汇学习的重要性。由此可推知，作者通过举例的方式来阐述他对词根的观点。故选B。
答案
解析
3．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years.
B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，词汇和它的拉丁语词根相关。拉丁语词根“Sen”的意思是“年老的；年纪大的”，结合A项句意“我哥哥比我大两岁。”可推知，senior“较年长的人；长者”一词使用了拉丁语词根“Sen”。故选A。
答案
解析
4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
(①＝Paragraph (段落) 1 ②＝Paragraph 2, ...)
解析：文章结构题。第一段总领全文，提出研究词根的重要性；第二段通过类比说明如何利用词根来分析词义；第三段和第四段是并列关系，用举例的方式说明如何通过词根来分析词义，与第二段构成并列关系；最后一段是对全文内容的总结。故选B。
答案
解析
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．_____ vi. 钻研；搜寻，寻找；挖掘
2．_______ v. 开……的锁；发现，揭示
3．memory n. ______
4．_______ v. 审查，调查；检查，检验
5．alternate v. _______ adj. _______________
dig
unlock
记忆
examine
(使)交替
轮流的，交替的
(二)高频短语
6．_________ 处理，对付
7．look for _____
8．________________ 花费时间做某事
9．_______________________ 与……有关
10．pay back ____________
deal with
寻找
take time to do sth
have something to do with
回报，偿还
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．She was _______ (deep) affected by the sad story.
12．Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains _________ (known)．
13．What you said just now has something to do _____ the matter.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．I dug around in my bag for a pen. ___________
15． To judge from his words, he was very upset. ______
16．I will do everything in my power to help you. ______
deeply
unknown
with
寻找，搜寻
情况
能力
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．We are faced with a difficult choice. _________
18．It is usual to start a speech by thanking everybody for coming. ________
19．It's time you settled your differences with your father. _______
alternative
solve， common， alternative
common
solved
(六)长难句分析
20．Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
句意：深入地研究一个陌生的大字，你就会明白它的由来。
分析：主干是_______________________________；and连接_______；where引导______从句，作动词understand的______。
Dig into a word and you will ... from
并列句
宾语
宾语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．They may __________ (来自) totally different cultures.
22．We must take positive steps to _________ (处理) the problem.
(八)仿写句子
23．Know them, and you will have the word building power.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
仿写：明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验室的结果。
_____________________________________________
come from
deal with
Call me tomorrow, and I'll let you know the lab result.
