Unit 5 Languages around the world Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking课件(共144张)+讲义

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名称 Unit 5 Languages around the world Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking课件(共144张)+讲义
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科目 英语
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英语 必修 第一册 RJ
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
一、阅读单词:写出汉语含义
1.system n. 体系;制度;系统
2.despite prep. 即使;尽管
3.factor n. 因素;要素
4.based adj. 以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的
5.bone n. 骨头;骨(质)
6.shell n. 壳;壳状物
7.symbol n. 符号;象征
8.dynasty n. 王朝;朝代
9.dialect n. 地方话;方言
10.calligraphy n. 书法;书法艺术
11.affair n. 公共事务;事件;关系
12.CE (=Common Era) 公元
二、核心单词:写出英文单词
1.base vt. 以……为据点;以……为基础 n. 底部;根据
2.variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
3.major adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n. 主修课程;主修学生 vi. 主修;专门研究
4.means n. 方式;方法;途径
5.regard n. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看待
6.appreciate vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi. 增值
三、拓展单词:写出英文单词,并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1.classic adj. 传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n. 经典作品;名著→classical adj. 经典的,传统的
2.character n. 文字;符号;角色;品质;特点→characteristic adj. 独特的,典型的 n. 特征;特点;品质
3.global adj. 全球的;全世界的→globally adv. 全球地;全局地;世界上
4.specific adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→specifically adv. 特意,专门地;明确地,具体地
四、熟词生义:写出熟义
carve 熟义:vt.& vi. 雕刻
生义:vt. 把(熟肉)切成块;艰苦创业;奋斗取得(事业、名声等)
五、核心短语:写出英语表达
1.ups__and__downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
2.date__back__(to__...) 追溯到
3.no__matter__where,__who,__what,__etc. 不论……;不管……
课文三维剖析
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT 汉字书写体系:连接过去与现在 China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which1 has continued all the way through into modern times, despite2 the many ups and downs in its history3. There are many reasons why4 this has been5 possible, but6 one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. 尽管历史跌宕起伏,中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因颇多,但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。 At the beginning7, written8 Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and9 shells on which10 symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi. 汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。这些符号在今天的汉字中仍可看到。 By the Shang Dynasty11 (around 16001046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing12 system. Over the years13, the system developed into different forms, as14 it was a time when15 people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters16. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty17 (221207 BCE). 到商朝(约公元前1600年—前1046年)时,这些符号已经演变成一套成熟的书写体系。在随后的年代里,这一体系发展成不同的形式,这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔,从而导致不同方言和汉字变体的产生。然而,这在秦朝(公元前221年—前207年)秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。 Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified18 country where19 the Chinese writing system began to develop20 in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting21 the Chinese people and22 culture. Even today, no matter where23 Chinese people live or24 what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing25. 秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后,在这个统一的国家里,汉字开始朝着一个方向发展。这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人仍然能通过书写(汉字)进行交流。 Written Chinese has also become an important means by which26 China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times27 can read the classic works which28 were written by Chinese in ancient times29. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy30, which31 has become an important part of Chinese culture32. 汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至,这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。 Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As33 China plays a greater role in global affairs34, an increasing35 number of international students are beginning36  to appreciate China's culture and history37 through this amazing language38. 今天,汉字仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 1 引导定语从句,修饰限定先行词ancient civilisation 2 despite+名词(短语),意为“尽管……” 3 介词短语作后置定语 4 引导定语从句,修饰限定先行词reasons 5 现在完成时 6 连接并列句 7 介词短语作时间状语 8 过去分词作定语,意为“书面的” 9 连接并列成分 10 介词+which引导的定语从句,修饰限定先行词animal__bones和shells 11 介词短语作时间状语 12 现在分词作定语 13 介词短语作时间状语 14 引导原因状语从句 15 引导定语从句,修饰限定先行词time 16 现在分词短语作结果状语 17 介词短语作后置定语 18 过去分词作定语,意为“统一的” 19 引导定语从句,修饰限定先行词country 20 不定式作宾语 21 动名词作宾语 22 连接并列成分 23 no matter +疑问词引导让步状语从句 24 连接并列句 25 动名词作宾语 26 介词+which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词means 27 介词短语作后置定语 28 引导定语从句,修饰限定先行词classic__works 29 介词短语作后置定语 30 过去分词短语作后置定语 31引导非限制性定语从句,解释说明Chinese calligraphy 32介词短语作后置定语 33引导时间状语从句 34介词短语作地点状语 35现在分词作定语,意为“越来越多的” 36现在进行时 37动词不定式短语作宾语 38介词短语作方式状语
阅读领悟
(一)课文分段连线
(二)读后思维拓展(答案不唯一)
Some argue that there is no need to learn to write Chinese calligraphy. What's your opinion
答案:略
探究一 热词
1.base vt. 以……为据点;以……为基础;把(总部等)设在 n. 底部;根据;群(教材P62)
based adj. 以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的 basic adj. 基本的,基础的;初级的;必需的 basically adv. 基本上;从根本上说 base sth on/upon sth=be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据 base ... in ... 把……设在……
【语境感知】
①There was a bike path running along this side of the wall, right at its base.
沿着墙的这一边,就在墙脚下,有一条自行车道。
②He basically just sits there and does nothing all day.
他根本就是一天到晚坐在那儿无所事事。
③He based his ideas on/upon scientific experiments.
他的想法是以科学实验为根据的。
④The movie is based on a real-life incident.
这部电影以现实生活中的一件事为基础。(影评)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There have been some problems but basically (base) it's a good system.
②The basic (base) design changed little from that invented by Edison more than 100 years ago.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③他们的关系建立在信任的基础上。
Their__relationship__was__based__on/upon__trust.
④这盏要的底部很沉。
The lamp has a heavy base.
⑤他们决定把组织设在纽约。
They__decided__to__base__the__organization__in__New__York.
2.variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化 (教材P62)
vary v. (使)不同,变化,改变 various adj. 各种各样的 a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的 vary from ... to ... 从……到……各不相同
【语境感知】
①We need a life full of variety.
我们需要多样化的生活。
②The Qinling Mountains are home to a huge variety of plants and rare wildlife.
秦岭是多种植物和珍稀野生动物的家园。
③Prices vary widely from shop to shop.
各家商店的价格差别很大。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We had various (vary) problems on our journey, including a flat tyre.
②The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete to athlete.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③重要的是要记住吃各种各样健康的食物。
The__important__thing__to__remember__is__to__eat__a__variety__of__healthy__food.
3.major adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n. 主修课程;主修学生 vi. 主修;专门研究(教材P62)
majority n. 多数;大多数 major in 主修 in the majority 占大多数 the majority of ... ……的大多数 a majority of 大多数的;大部分的
【语境感知】
①We have a growing number of students majoring in Chinese.
我们有越来越多的学生主修中文专业。
②Our classmates who prefer to hold a party for him are in the majority.
我们大多数同学愿意为他举办一个聚会。
③School is our second home where we spend the majority of time living and learning.
学校是我们的第二个家,我们花大部分的时间在这里生活和学习。
“the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词常用复数; “the majority of+不可数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词用单数; “a majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①So a majority of fitness experts (expert) currently advise against stretches before exercise.
②She was elected by a narrow majority (major) as monitor of the class.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③长城是重要的旅游胜地。
The__Great__Wall__is__a__major__tourist__attraction.
④我认为在大学我会主修文学专业。
I__think__I__will__choose__to__major__in__literature__in__college.
4.means n. 方式;方法;途径(教材P62)
mean v. 意味着;打算 meaningful adj. 有意义的,重要的 by this means 用这种方法 by all means 当然可以;无论如何,尽一切办法 by no means 决不;一点也不(放句首时,句子用部分倒装语序) by means of 用……的方法
【语境感知】
①Television is an effective means of communication.
电视是一种有效的通信方式。
②If you enjoy reading, then by all means do that whenever you want.
如果你喜欢阅读,不管什么时候都要想尽一切办法去读。
③By no means should you lose heart in the face of difficulty.
面对困难时你决不能失去信心。
means是单复数同形的名词,其谓语动词的数应根据means前的修饰语确定。 ①One means is still to be tried. 有一种方法还没有尝试。 ②All means have been used to get him to change his mind. 为了转变他的想法,所有的办法都用过了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①(2023·全国甲卷)In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful (mean) to me.
②The flashing light means (mean) that you must stop.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③到我家乡最快的办法是乘高铁。
The__quickest__means__of__getting__to__my__hometown__is__to__take__a__high speed__railway.
④卡通片决不只是儿童的娱乐。
By__no__means__is__cartoon__only__an__entertainment__of__children.
5.regard n. 尊重;关注;敬佩;问候 vt. 把……视为;看待(教材P62)
have regard for 关注……;重视……;尊敬/敬佩…… pay/show regard 尊重 with/in regard to 关于 send one's regards 问候 give one's regards to sb=remember sb to sb 代某人向另一人问好 regard … as 把……看作
【语境感知】
①I had great regard for his abilities.
我非常敬佩他的能力。
②Give my regards to your brother when you see him.
见到你哥哥时,代我向他问好。
③Kites are regarded as the earliest craft.
风筝被视为最早的飞行器。
(1)regard表示“关心”“关怀”等,是不可数名词;表示“尊重”“赞赏”,也是不可数名词,但有时可与不定冠词连用。 (2)regard表示“问候”时,要用复数。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Now, people regard drinking tea as a culture more than a habit.
②When you write to him, please give my regards (regard) to him.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她一直对我很诚实,我非常敬重她这一点。
She__has__always__been__honest__with__me,__and__I__have__regard__for__her__for__that.
④看电影被看作是一种好的娱乐方式。
Watching__films__is__regarded__as__a__good__means__of__entertainment.
6.appreciate vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;明白;领会 vi. 增值(教材P62)
appreciation n. 欣赏,鉴赏;感激,感谢;理解,领会 appreciate表示“感激;赞赏”时,通常为及物动词,其后可接名(代)词、动词-ing形式、名词性从句等作宾语,但不能接不定式。 当appreciate后接宾语从句时,一般先用it作形式宾语,再接宾语从句。类似的动词(短语)还有hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等。
【语境感知】
①(2023·全国甲卷)This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.
这里很适合与喜欢美食的同事一起吃烛光晚餐或进行工作会议。
②I had no appreciation of the problems they faced.
我没有体谅到他们所面临的困难。
③I would greatly appreciate it if you could give me a hand.
如果您能帮我一下,我将不胜感激。(求助信)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I'm writing to show my sincere appreciation (appreciate) for the book you gave me before you left China.
②I appreciate being__given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③大多数人能明白锻炼对健康的重要性。
Most__people__can__appreciate__the__importance__of__exercise__for__health.
④如果我们学会欣赏新鲜和不同的东西,我们就会为未来的一切做好充分的准备。
If__we__learn__to__appreciate__what__is__new__and__different,__we__will__be__well
prepared__for__whatever__the__future__may__have__in__store.
7.classic adj. 传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n. 经典作品;名著→classical adj. 经典的,传统的
【语境感知】
I've always enjoyed classic music. As you know, Swan Lake is one of the great classical ballets.
我一直喜欢古典音乐。你知道,《天鹅湖》是一部伟大的古典芭蕾舞剧。
8.character n. 文字;符号;角色;品质;特点→characteristic adj. 独特的,典型的 n. 特征,特点,品质
【语境感知】
She behaved with characteristic dignity. This was one aspect of her character he hadn't seen before.
她表现出特有的尊严。这是他以前从未见过的她性格的一个方面。
9.global adj. 全球的;全世界的;全面的→globally adv. 全球地;全局地;世界上
【语境感知】
Today, as urban population explodes globally, cities become more crowded. We need to take a more global approach to the problem.
今天,随着全球城市人口的爆炸式增长,城市变得更加拥挤。我们需要采取更全面的方法来解决这个问题。
10.specific adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→specifically adv. 特意,专门地;明确地,具体地
【语境感知】
I gave you specific instructions and specifically asked for this steak rare.
我给了你明确的指示,特别要求这块牛排要做得嫩一些。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He studies classical (classic) literature, but also takes an interest in history.
②She spoke with characteristic (character) enthusiasm.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③做一些具体的事情来帮助那些需要帮助的人。
Do__something__specific__to__help__those__in__need.
④教育已经成为一项全球性的事业。
Education__has__become__a__global__cause.
11.carve [熟义] vt.& vi. 雕刻 [生义] vt. 把(熟肉)切成块;艰苦创业;奋斗取得(事业、名声等)
【语境感知】
①The wood had been carved into the shape of a flower.
木头被雕成了花朵状。
②She carved up the meat and gave each of us a piece.
她把肉切成块,分给我们每人一块。
③He succeeded in carving out a career in the media.
他已在传媒界闯出了一片天地。
【学会理解】同义词替换
①Who's going to cut the turkey carve__把……切成块
【学会表达】翻译句子
②她已在时装界谋得一席之地。
She__has__carved__a__place__for__herself__in__the__fashion__world.
探究二 短语
12.date back (to ...) 追溯到(教材P62)
date back to=date from 追溯到 out of date 过时的 up to date (with ...) 赶上(……的)潮流;与……保持同步;最新的
【语境感知】
①The tradition could date back to 300 BC.
这种传统可以追溯到公元前300年。
②Suddenly she felt old and out of date.
她猛然觉得自己老了,跟不上时代了。
③We work hard to keep our database up to date.
我们花了很大力气不断更新资料库。
(1)date from与date back to 都不用于被动语态和进行时态,但可用现在分词形式作定语、补语、状语等。 (2)谈论现存的物品或建筑物时,虽然其建造于过去某一时期,但date from和date back to通常用一般现在时。
【学会运用】选词填空(up to date/date back to/out of date)
①Shoes date__back__to 8000 BC—a very long history, indeed.
②She brought him up__to__date with what had happened.
③The rules were out__of__date and confusing.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④此次展览中的一些物品是20世纪30年代的。
Some__of__the__objects__in__the__exhibition__date__from/back__to__the__1930s.
探究三 长难句分析
13.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. (教材P62) 这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
【分析】 “of+(great/much/some/no/little等)+抽象名词”表示人或物具有某种特性。 常用于此结构的抽象名词:use, importance, help, value, quality, benefit, necessity, interest等。 常用于修饰抽象名词的词:no, some, any, little, much, great等。 类似此结构的还有: “of+形容词+colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind” 等,用来说明人在年龄、身高、体重等方面或者物品在度量、大小、颜色、类别等方面的特征。
【语境感知】
①This medicine is of no use.
这种药没有效果。
②These dictionaries are of much help to learners of English.
这些词典对英语学习者有很大的帮助。
③It is a book of great value and I'd like to buy a copy.
这是一本非常有价值的书,我想买一本。
④Tom is of the same weight as his younger brother.
汤姆和他弟弟一样重。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The new drug is of potential benefit to cancer patients.
②His behavior is of no significance (significant) in the investigation.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③年龄相近的人容易成为朋友。
People__of__similar__age__are__easy__to__be__friends.
④这些铅笔有各种各样的颜色。
These__pencils__are__of__many__different__colours.
⑤无论他说什么都不重要。
Whatever__he__says__is__of__no__importance.
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(E)1.factor A.n. 体系;制度;系统
(C)2.shell B.n. 骨头;骨(质)
(D)3.carve C.n. 壳;壳状物
(B)4.bone D.vt.& vi. 雕刻
(A)5.system  E.n. 因素;要素
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)6.date back (to ...) A.不论……;不管……
(C)7.lead to B.因……而出名
(A)8.no matter where, who, what, etc. C.导致
(D)9.ups and downs D.浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
(B)10.be known for  E.追溯到
Ⅱ.默写单词
1.means n. 方式;方法;途径
2.variety n. 变体;异体;多样化
3.appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激 vi. 增值
4.dynasty n. 王朝;朝代
5.base vt. 以……为基础 n. 底部;根据
6.dialect n. 地方话;方言
7.regard n. 尊重;关注
8.calligraphy n. 书法;书法艺术
9.affair n. 公共事务;事件
10.major adj. 主要的 n. 主修课程
Ⅲ.选词填空
despite, base, variety, major, means, regard, appreciate, dialect
1.All of her major plays have been translated into English.
2.I have a very high regard for him and what he has achieved.
3.Susan's idea of freedom was to have variety in her lifestyle.
4.His fan base is mostly middle aged ladies.
5.I started reading the chapter about how everyone speaks some dialect of a language.
6.Despite all these discouragements, she refused to give up.
7.Is there any means of contacting him
8.Peter stood by me when I most needed it. I'll always appreciate that.
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1.It brings a cast of over sixty actors delivering their characteristic (character) performance.
2.This tool can be used in a variety of ways.
3.Most classical (classic) music sends me to sleep.
4.In recent years, Chinese film has been a hit globally (global), because it caters for Chinese and Western cultures.
5.I specifically (specific) told you not to go near the water!
6.His report is based on/upon figures from six different European cities.
7.In the nursing profession, women are in the majority.
8.Simple showing of appreciation (appreciate) is one of the qualities of a great family.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1.No__matter__how (无论怎么) well you know this city, it is easy to get lost.
2.Paper-cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date__back__over__1,500__years (追溯到1,500多年以前).
3.I feel lucky to have parents that stay together through the ups__and__downs (起伏).
Ⅵ.完整表达
1.在紧急情况下保持冷静是至关重要的。
It__is__of__great__importance__to__keep__calm__in__an__emergency.
2.他幻想有一个没有战争的世界。
He__had__a__vision__of__a__world__in__which/where__there__would__be__no__wars.
3.那时人们不太关注健康。
It__was__a__time__when__people__didn't__pay__much__attention__to__health.
课后课时作业(一)
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 完形填空
(2024·广东省深圳市宝安中学高一上期中)If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a __1__ reason, such as your job or your studies Or perhaps you're interested in the __2__, films or music of a different country, and you know how much it will help to have a __3__ of the language.
Most people learn best by using a variety of __4__, but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people. They __5__ an environment where you can practice under the __6__ of someone who's good at the language. We all lead busy lives and learning a language takes __7__. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a __8__. It doesn't matter if you haven't got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by taking a lot less.
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I'm too __9__,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __10__ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any __11__. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I've also heard people __12__ about the mistakes they make when learning. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __13__ you're much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never easy. But with some work and devotion, you'll make progress. And you'll be __14__ by the positive reaction from some native speakers when you say just a few words in __15__ own language. Good luck!
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习一门新语言的原因、方法以及需要为之付出的努力。
1.(  )A.mental B.political
C.practical D.physical
答案:C
解析:mental精神的;political政治的;practical实际的;physical身体的。根据下文的“such as your job or your studies”可知,工作或学习是学习语言的实际原因。故选C。
2.(  )A.literature B.transport
C.nature D.medicine
答案:A
解析:literature文学; transport交通; nature自然; medicine药物。根据下文“films or music of a different country”可知,此处应用与films,music并列的名词,由此可知,对一个国家的文学、电影或者音乐感兴趣,会使你学习这一国家的语言。故选A。
3.(  )A.view B.knowledge
C.form D.feeling
答案:B
解析:view观点;knowledge知识;form表格;feeling感觉。根据上文的“If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why.”可知,本段讨论的是学习掌握一门语言的原因,have a knowledge of为固定搭配,表示“掌握”。故选B。
4.(  )A.paintings B.rules
C.methods D.computers
答案:C
解析:painting绘画;rule规则;method方法;computer电脑。根据下文的“traditional classes are an ideal start for many people”可知,本段讨论的是学习方法。由此可知,此处指多数人使用各种方法学习语言。故选C。
5.(  )A.protect B.change
C.respect D.provide
答案:D
解析:protect保护; change改变; respect尊重; provide提供。根据上文的“traditional classes are an ideal start for many people”和下文的“an environment where you can practice”可知,你可以在一个精通该语言的人的指导下练习,这是传统课堂提供的一种环境。故选D。
6.(  )A.control B.discussion
C.guidance D.pressure
答案:C
解析:control控制;discussion讨论; guidance指导; pressure压力。根据上文的“traditional classes”和下文的“someone who's good at the language”可知,对于语言学习者来说,在传统课堂上在老师的指导下学习,under the guidance of为固定搭配,意为“在……的指导下”。故选C。
7.(  )A.courage B.time
C.energy D.responsibility
答案:B
解析:courage勇气; time时间; energy精力; responsibility责任。根据下文“You will have more success if you study regularly”可知,如果你经常学习语言,你会取得更大的成功,这说明学习语言需要花费时间。故选B。
8.(  )A.theory B.business
C.routine D.project
答案:C
解析:theory理论; business生意; routine常规,惯例; project项目。根据上文“study regularly”可知,我们要定期学习,即让学习成为一种习惯。故选C。
9.(  )A.old B.nervous
C.weak D.tired
答案:A
解析:old年老的;nervous紧张的;weak虚弱的;tired疲惫的。下文“Yes, children do learn languages more __10__ than adults”提到儿童学习新语言的优势,由此可知,此处指他们觉得自己年龄太大了而不适合学习新语言。故选A。
10.(  )A.closely B.quickly
C.privately D.quietly
答案:B
解析:closely紧密地;quickly快速地;privately私下地;quietly安静地。根据常识可知,小孩学习语言比成年人要快。故选B。
11.(  )A.age B.speed
C.distance D.place
答案:A
解析:age年龄;speed速度; distance距离; place地方。根据上文的“children”和“adults”可知,本段讨论的是学习语言与年龄之间的关系。故选A。
12.(  )A.argue B.talk
C.think D.worry
答案:D
解析:argue争论; talk谈论;think想; worry担心。根据下文的“the mistakes they make”和常识可知,学习一种语言的时候,人们一般都担心犯错误。故选D。
13.(  )A.if B.and
C.but D.before
答案:B
解析:句意:好吧,放轻松,对你的错误一笑了之,你就不太可能再犯了。 根据句意可知,设空处前后句子是顺承关系,应用连词and。故选B。
14.(  )A.hurt B.confused
C.thanked D.amazed
答案:D
解析:hurt伤害;confuse使困惑;thank感谢;amaze使惊讶。根据下文的“by the positive reaction from some native speakers”可知,此处指当你说上几句他们的语言时,你会惊讶于他们积极的反应。be amazed by为固定搭配,意为“惊讶于”。故选D。
15.(  )A.their B.his
C.our D.your
答案:A
解析:根据上文“some native speakers”可知,此处指你对母语人士说他们的母语。故选A。
Ⅱ 阅读
(2024·重庆市高一上期末)It is often said that if we dream in a foreign language, it's a sign that we are making progress in learning that language. But is it true
Before we can look at multilingual (多语言的) dreams, first we need to look at sleep. The link between sleep and language can be applied to how we learn any language, including our mother tongue. Even adults still learn about one new word every two days in their first language, but, if we are going to have a firm grasp of that new word, we need to link it to our existing knowledge. “In order to do that, we need to have some sleep,” says Gareth Gaskell, a psychology professor at the University of York.
It's during sleep that the integration of old and new knowledge happens. At night, one part of our brain—the hippocampus—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored. The role that dreams play in this night-time learning process is still being studied, but it's entirely possible that during multilingual dreams, the brain is trying to connect two languages, according to Marc Zuist, researcher at the University Hospital of Psychiatry in Switzerland.
So having multilingual dreams could mean that our brain is trying to master a new word or phrase, but it could also have an emotional significance. Danuta Barker, a professor of psycholinguistics (心理语言学) at the University of Silesia in Poland, suggests that multilingual dreams can express fears and desires around learning a foreign language, including the wish to be a native-like speaker or to be accepted within a certain community.
We clearly still have a lot to learn about multilingual dreams, but one thing seems certain: if you're trying to learn a new language, you should definitely sleep on it.
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于如何学习任何语言,包括我们的母语。多语梦境中,大脑试图将两种语言联系起来,这有助于学习一门新的语言。
1.What does the underlined word “integration” in Paragraph 3 mean (  )
A.Method. B.Form.
C.Combination. D.Reflection.
答案:C
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“The role that dreams ... connect two languages (梦在夜间学习过程中所起的作用仍在研究中,但完全有可能在多语言梦境中,大脑试图将两种语言联系起来)”可知,此处为正是在睡眠期间,新旧知识的整合发生了。由此可知,画线词integration意为“整合”,与combination“结合”意思一致。故选C。
2.What is the function of the hippocampus (  )
A.Studying the role of the dream.
B.Analyzing the learning process.
C.Developing the new area of the brain.
D.Absorbing and delivering information.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At night, one part ... to be stored.(晚上,我们大脑的一部分——海马体——接收白天获得的所有新信息,并将其传递给大脑的其他部分进行存储。)”可知,海马体的功能是接收和传递信息。故选D。
3.What does Danuta Barker study (  )
A.Emotion and dreams.
B.Languages and communities.
C.Universities and courses.
D.Words and expressions.
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Danuta Barker, a professor ... a certain community.(波兰西里西亚大学的心理语言学教授Danuta Barker(达努塔·巴克)认为,多语言梦境可以表达对学习外语的恐惧和渴望,包括希望像母语人士一样说外语,或者被某个群体所接受。)”可推知,Danuta Barker研究情感和梦的关系。故选A。
4.What's the main idea of the passage (  )
A.Why we learn a foreign language in the dream.
B.Learning languages is completely from sleeping.
C.Sleeping plays an important part in the development of brains.
D.How multilingual dreams are connected to language learning.
答案:D
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了多语言梦境和语言的联系,研究者也对其进行了分析。由此可知,这篇文章的主旨是多语言梦境是如何与语言学习联系在一起的。故选D。
Ⅲ 语法填空
(2024·贵州省贵阳市第一中学高一上教学质量监测)When the book The Secret Garden __1__ (publish) for the first time in 1911, only very rich people in Britain had gardens. Soon after that, people began to build homes with gardens. This is the reason __2__ the British love gardens. Today, about half the British people spend their free time __3__ (garden).
Children plant sunflowers, expert gardeners know where roses can grow well and others work hard __4__ (grow) perfect vegetables to take part in __5__ (compete). Many Brits spend __6__ (they) weekends cutting the grass, while some are __7__ (please) to sit under the tree branches and enjoy the world.
Some people who don't have outside space rent small pieces of land to grow things __8__ (careful) and others turn rooftops and walls __9__ private gardens. Gardening not only helps the cities greener __10__ improves air quality but is also good for the soul.
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国人对园艺的热爱及园艺的各种好处。
1.答案:was published
解析:考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。publish与the book The Secret Garden之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,根据for the first time in 1911可知,应用一般过去时,主语为单数。故填was published。
2.答案:why
解析:考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是reason,关系词在从句中作原因状语,应用why引导。故填why。
3.答案:gardening
解析:考查非谓语动词。固定搭配spend time doing sth 表示“花时间做某事”。故填gardening。
4.答案:to grow
解析:考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to grow。
5.答案:competitions
解析:考查词性转换。此处应用名词作介词in的宾语,competition为可数名词,前无限定词,应用复数。故填competitions。
6.答案:their
解析:考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词weekends。故填their。
7.答案:pleased
解析:考查词性转换。此处修饰人的感情,应用-ed结尾的形容词。pleased意为“高兴的”,作表语。故填pleased。
8.答案:carefully
解析:考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词grow,作状语。故填carefully。
9.答案:into
解析:考查介词。固定搭配turn ... into ... 表示“使……变成……”。故填into。
10.答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:园艺不仅帮助城市绿化,改善空气质量,而且对精神也有好处。helps the cities greener和improves air quality是并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。
 精深阅读
(2024·山西省临汾市洪洞向明中学高一上月考)When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language. Take the sentence “How do you do?” as an example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, once at a time, what is your translation It must be a wrong sentence in your own language.
Languages do not just have different sounds. They are different in many ways. It's important to master the rules for word order in the study of English, too. If the speakers put words in a wrong order, the listener can't understand the speakers' sentences easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. But sometimes when the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn't change. Let's see the difference between the two pairs of sentences.
“She only likes apples.” “Only she likes apples.”
“I've seen the film already.” “I have already seen the film.”
When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit of the language and use it as the English speakers do.
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。学习英语时要避免逐字翻译,应像英语母语者一样灵活运用语言。
1.What can we know from the passage when we are learning English
A.We shouldn't put every word into our own language.
B.We should look up every word in the dictionary.
C.We need to put every word into our own language.
D.We must read word by word.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When you are ... into your own language.”可知,当我们学习英语的时候,不应该把每个单词都用自己的语言翻译出来。故选A。
2.How does the writer think in learning English
A.Difficult to understand different sounds.
B.Possible to remember the word order.
C.Important to master the rules in different ways.
D.Easy to master the rules for word order.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Languages do not ... the study of English, too.”可知,作者认为用不同的方法掌握规则是很重要的。故选C。
3.What can we learn from the passage
A.The meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the words.
B.The order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentence.
C.Sometimes different order of words has a different meaning.
D.If the order of words is different, the meaning of the sentence must be different.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sometimes when the order ... the sentence doesn't change.”可知,有时不同的语序会有不同的意思。故选C。
4.Which is the best title for this passage
A.Different Orders, Different Meanings
B.How to Speak English
C.How to Put English into Our Own Language
D.How to Learn English
答案:D
解析:标题判断题。文章主要讲述了学习英语时应避免逐字翻译,要理解词语顺序、语言精髓和用法,像英语母语者一样灵活运用英语。因此,D项(如何学习英语?)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1.clever adj. 聪明的
2.translation n. 翻译
3.order__ n. 顺序,次序
4.meaning n. 含义
5.spirit n. 本质;精髓
(二)高频短语
6.word for word 逐字地;一字不差地
7.take ... as an example 以……为例
8.look__up 查阅;查询
9.in a(n) ... order 按……顺序
10.do__one's__best 尽某人最大努力
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11.The book loses something in translation (translate).
12.A word often has several meanings (mean).
13.Whether he comes or not doesn't make any difference (different) to me.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14.Obey the spirit, not the letter of the law. 本质
15.Get pairs of students to act out the dialogue in front of the class. 对;双;两个
16.Let's take the problems in a different order.顺序
(五)用方框中单词或短语的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17.The face is the mirror of the soul.spirit
18.How intelligent of you to work it out!clever
19.Mike did all he could to help clean the house. did__his__best
(六)长难句分析
20.When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language.
句意:当你学习英语时,你会发现把一个英语句子逐字地翻译成自己的语言是不聪明的。
分析:主干是you__find__it__...__language;__When引导时间状语从句;it作形式宾语;to put an English sentence ... your own language作真正的宾语;not clever作宾语补足语;word for word是插入语在句中作状语。
(七)根据所给汉语,完成下列句子
21.Can you look__up (查询) the opening times on the website
22.She repeated their conversation word__for__word (逐字地) to me.
(八)仿写句子
23.It's important to master the rules for word order in the study of English, too.(it作形式主语)
仿写:跟上迅速的变化是困难的。
It__is__difficult__to__keep__up__with__the__rapid__pace__of__change.
课后课时作业(二)
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·宁夏银川市第二中学高一上期末)It is very challenging when it comes to trying to master the English language. However, there are some things you can do to improve your English learning. The following books are an excellent way for people trying to learn English or get better at it.
Oxford Picture Dictionary
This is a great book for those who like to learn things visually. You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day. There is also a bilingual version for those who want to learn using their own native language.
Word Power Made Easy
This useful dictionary provides one of the best ways to learn over 1,000 of the words which are most commonly used in English. The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors.
NTC Vocabulary Builders
Students who are more advanced in the English language will greatly like NTC Vocabulary Builders. If you want to build your English vocabulary, then this book is a good choice.
English Vocabulary in Use Series
This is one of the best-selling books by Cambridge University Press. The book is good for students of the English language of all levels who want to have a wider vocabulary. You can choose to learn British English or American English.
Improving your English is one of the best ways to make sure that you will do great in life. It can open many doors for you. For those who are not native English speakers, these books will come in handy. With hard work, anyone can be a master of the English language.
篇章导读:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助人们学习或者提高英语水平的书籍。
1.What is special about Oxford Picture Dictionary?(  )
A.It is designed for language beginners.
B.It offers advice on language learning.
C.It provides many pictures to help learn language.
D.It gives learners a lot of interesting daily tasks.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据Oxford Picture Dictionary部分中的“You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day.”可知,Oxford Picture Dictionary的独特之处在于其提供了许多帮助学习语言的图片。故选C。
2.Which book provides ways to help you make fewer mistakes in spelling?(  )
A.Oxford Picture Dictionary.
B.Word Power Made Easy.
C.NTC Vocabulary Builders.
D.English Vocabulary in Use Series.
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据Word Power Made Easy部分中的“The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors.”可知,Word Power Made Easy这本书提供了避免拼写错误的方法。故选B。
3.What do the four books have in common?(  )
A.They only provide English versions.
B.They are all for beginners.
C.They help you to do great in life.
D.They help to learn vocabulary.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据Oxford Picture Dictionary部分中的“You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day.”、Word Power Made Easy部分中的“This useful dictionary ... used in English.”、NTC Vocabulary Builders部分中的“If you want ... a good choice.”和English Vocabulary in Use Series 部分中的“The book is ... a wider vocabulary.”可知,这四本书的共同之处是它们都能帮助学习词汇。故选D。
B
(2024·新疆喀什地区十四校高一上期末质量检测)As you probably know, learning a foreign language is sometimes challenging. But it can also be fun. Learning to speak a second language opens doors to new opportunities, helps you to communicate with others and makes travelling overseas more satisfactory.
It might come as a surprise that the number of teenagers learning foreign languages in UK secondary schools has dropped by 45% since the turn of the millennium. Another survey of secondary schools suggests a third of students have dropped at least one language from their GCSE exam options. There are some reasons for this, including many students' opinion that languages are difficult. Others have questioned the need for a second language when translation technology is advancing.
Matthew Fell, chief UK policy director for business group the CBI, believes that “The decline in language learning in schools must be reversed,__or else the UK will be less competitive globally and young people less prepared for the modern world.”
Some native English speakers have admitted the benefits of speaking another tongue. Cassandra Scott, from Edinburgh, studied three languages in her final year at school. She is now a freelance translator in Edinburgh, and says “Learning languages at school really set the course for my career.”
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍英国学习外语的人数的下降强调了学习外语的重要性。
4.How does the author show the fact that fewer people have learned foreign languages?(  )
A.By offering background information.
B.By giving specific examples.
C.By analyzing underlying reasons.
D.By showing personal research.
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It might come as a surprise ... exam options.”可推知,作者通过举例说明了学习外语的人越来越少这一事实。故选B。
5.What does the underlined word “reversed” in Paragraph 3 mean?(  )
A.Developed rapidly.
B.Pushed quickly.
C.Changed completely.
D.Maintained properly.
答案:C
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的后半句“or else the UK ... for the modern world (否则英国的全球竞争力将降低,年轻人面对现代世界的准备也将不充分)”可推知,如果学习外语人数减少的状况得不到改变就会导致这样的后果。由此可知,画线词意为“完全改变”。故选C。
6.What can we learn from the passage?(  )
A.A fulfilling overseas travel requires another foreign language.
B.Learning languages at school may contribute to one's future career.
C.Native English speakers benefit more from speaking another tongue.
D.With the translation technology, there's no need to learn foreign languages.
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She is now ... the course for my career.(她现在是爱丁堡的一名自由译者,她说:‘在学校学习语言真的为我的职业生涯定下了方向。’)”可推知,在校学习语言对一个人的职业生涯可能是有帮助的。故选B。
7.What's the purpose of the passage?(  )
A.To criticize people's ignorance of foreign languages.
B.To stress the significance of learning foreign languages.
C.To state the result of dropping learning foreign languages.
D.To raise people's awareness of protecting native languages.
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The decline in ... the modern world.”及最后一段中的“Learning languages ... my career.”可知,作者引用别人的话以说明学习外语的重要性,由此可推知,本文的目的是强调学习外语的重要性。故选B。
Ⅱ 读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·山东省名校考试联盟高一上期中)Once upon a time, in a land far away, there was a small village. The village was located in the heart of a big jungle (丛林). Surrounded by the high mountains and in the shade of green trees, the villagers lived a life of happiness.
All of them were used to their robotic daily tasks and none of them had the imagination or the will to try something new, except for one girl named Hannah. Very few people in the village could read, let alone write, and Hannah was one of them. Her parents had made sure that their only child got everything possible.
Hannah was an adventurous spirit with an imagination far beyond her time. She loved to explore and would spend hours in the woods looking for new things. She loved to create stories in her head and used to imagine herself as one of her characters. Sometimes, she even told stories to her friends, adding her own touch of curiosity every now and then to different stories, making them more interesting. She wanted to inspire the sparks of curiosity and imagination in them.
One afternoon, when Hannah was on one of her adventurous searches, she came upon an abandoned cottage (遗弃的小屋). The cottage looked very old in its condition. The door was hardly hanging and the wood was about to break apart into pieces. Even though Hannah's mother had strictly warned her not to go wandering in abandoned places, her curiosity drove her to approach it.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Opening the door, she was left shocked by a room full of books!                                                                                                                                                                                        To her disappointment, her friends showed no interest in the tales she told.                                                                                                                                                                                       
写前导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Hannah (汉娜) 是一个富有冒险精神和想象力的女孩儿,经常给朋友们讲故事。一天她在探险的时候发现了一个废弃的小屋,里面有许多书,她会对这些书感兴趣吗?看到她的朋友们对她的故事不感兴趣,她又会怎样做呢?
[精彩范文]
Opening the door, she was left shocked by a room full of books! Shinning in the dust, books were bathed in the warm sunlight just waiting to be explored. Seeing them, Hannah jumped up and down with excitement! She dusted the books, the shelves, and what was left of the furniture. Finally came the moment when she could appreciate the books, which were filled with stories about different creatures. So interesting and encouraging were they that Hannah was immersed in them completely. Meanwhile, she couldn't wait to share the tales she read with her friends.
To her disappointment, her friends showed no interest in the tales she told. She knew it would be a difficult journey, but she wouldn't give it up. To inspire their curiosity and imagination, she started telling tales every day at the cottage. Soon, the word of Hannah's storytelling spread rapidly and more people came, gathering around Hannah in admiration and listening attentively. She even conducted workshops to teach villagers how to read and write. Sharing your skill will not only help yourself, but also be a ray of hope for someone struggling to find their way.
 精深阅读
(2024·浙江绍兴高一上阶段练习)Learning Chinese could be one of the most important decisions you ever make. Chinese is becoming the language to learn in the 21st century. With the world's largest population and a rapidly growing middle class, China stands to become the engine of the world's economy in the coming years. This will make learning Chinese very important for people in many industries, or for those of us who wish to visit China or learn from its culture and history.
There is an ongoing effort to modernize the writing system and standardize the language. An increasing number of people learning Chinese are learning the Mandarin, so unless you absolutely need to learn another dialect (such as Cantonese), be sure you are studying Mandarin.
 For native English speakers Chinese is one of the most difficult and most different languages to learn. The vocabulary is wholly unfamiliar and unlike anything we know. In addition, in the Chinese tone system, words are spoken in rising or falling tones, which help to distinguish between them. Furthermore, there is the Chinese writing system—a collection of thousands of individual ideograms (表意文字), or symbols, which represent a word or an idea. These ideograms have no phonetic value—that is to say, we can't tell how the word is pronounced by how it is written. There is a method to present written Chinese in a phonetic script called pinyin. If you are learning Chinese, you'll be working with this pinyin system, but the beauty of the traditional writing system shouldn't be passed up. All these factors make learning Chinese difficult for us. Yet, for a determined learner, there's always a way to overcome it.
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习汉语的重要性以及学习汉语的一些困难之处。
1.Why is learning Chinese becoming more and more important
A.Chinese engines are very welcome.
B.China has the world's largest population.
C.There are more and more rich people in China.
D.China is becoming more and more important to the world economy.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With the world's largest population ... culture and history.”可知,中国将在未来几年成为世界经济的引擎,所以学习汉语变得越来越重要。故选D。
2.What can we learn from the text
A.The author thinks Chinese is as difficult as English.
B.The author is interested in the Chinese language and its culture.
C.Foreign languages can play a great role in industrial development.
D.As long as the pinyin system is learned well, one can learn Chinese well.
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This will make ... culture and history.”可推知,作者对汉语和中国文化很感兴趣。故选B。
3.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The difficulties of learning Chinese.
B.The advantages of learning Chinese.
C.The Chinese tone system.
D.The Chinese writing system.
答案:A
解析:段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“For native English ... languages to learn.(对于以英语为母语的人来说,汉语是最难学、最不同的语言之一。)”和“All these factors make learning Chinese difficult for us.(所有这些因素使我们学习汉语变得困难。)”可知,最后一段主要是关于学习汉语的困难之处。故选A。
4.What would be probably written following this text
A.The sources of Chinese characters.
B.The importance of learning Chinese.
C.The advice on how to learn Chinese.
D.The difficulties of learning other languages.
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“All these factors ... to overcome it.”可知,学习汉语很困难,但是总有办法克服。由此可推知,文章接下来可能会给出学习汉语的建议。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1.effort n. 努力
2.modernize v. 使现代化
3.increasing adj. 不断增加的
4.unlike prep. 不像
5.traditional adj. 传统的
(二)高频短语
6.make__a__decision 做出决定
7.learn__from 了解/学习……
8.in__addition 此外
9.that__is__to__say 换言之
10.pass up 错过;放弃
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11.The company is investing $9 million to modernize (modern) its factories.
12.It's traditional (tradition) in China to eat mooncakes on Mid Autumn Day.
13.Nowadays increasing (increase) numbers of people choose to work at home.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14.The children are taught to respect different cultures.文化
15.The aims of the organization are wholly peaceful.完全地
16.He was determined to become a world class player. 下定决心的
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17.She will not give up her children without a(n) struggle.effort
18.It was hard to tell the difference between the two versions. distinguish
19.Different from most systems, this one is very easy to install.Unlike
(六)长难句分析
20.Furthermore, there is the Chinese writing system—a collection of thousands of individual ideograms (表意文字), or symbols, which represent a word or an idea.
句意:此外,还有汉字书写系统——由数千个单独的表意文字或符号组成的集合,用以表示一个词或一种思想。
分析:主干是there__is__the__Chinese__writing__system;a collection of thousands of individual ideograms (表意文字), or symbols作同位语,解释名词system;which引导非限制性定语从句,解释说明先行词ideograms, or symbols。
(七)根据所给汉语,完成下列句子
21.He is really bad at making__decisions (做决定).
22.There is, in__addition (此外), one further point to make.
(八)仿写句子
23.Learning Chinese could be one of the most important decisions you ever make.(动名词(短语)作主语)
仿写:用我们的双手劳动是最美的。
Working__with__our__own__hands__is__the__most__beautiful.
30(共144张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业(一)
5
课后课时作业(二)
6
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词:写出汉语含义
1.system n. _________________
2.despite prep. ___________
3.factor n. ___________
4.based adj. ____________________________________________
5.bone n. ____________
6.shell n. ____________
7.symbol n. ____________
8.dynasty n. ____________
体系;制度;系统
即使;尽管
因素;要素
以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的
骨头;骨(质)
壳;壳状物
符号;象征
王朝;朝代
9.dialect n. _____________
10.calligraphy n. _______________
11.affair n. ______________________
12.CE (=Common Era) ______
地方话;方言
书法;书法艺术
公共事务;事件;关系
公元
二、核心单词:写出英文单词
1._____ vt. 以……为据点;以……为基础 n. 底部;根据
2._______ n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
3.______ adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n. 主修课程;主修学生 vi. 主修;专门研究
4._______ n. 方式;方法;途径
5._______ n. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看待
6.__________ vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi. 增值
base
variety
major
means
regard
appreciate
三、拓展单词:写出英文单词,并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1. _______ adj. 传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n. 经典作品;名著→ ________ adj. 经典的,传统的
2. ________ n. 文字;符号;角色;品质;特点→ ___________ adj. 独特的,典型的 n. 特征;特点;品质
3. _______ adj. 全球的;全世界的→ _______ adv. 全球地;全局地;世界上
4. _______ adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→ __________ adv. 特意,专门地;明确地,具体地
classic
classical
character
characteristic
global
globally
specific
specifically
四、熟词生义:写出熟义
carve 熟义:vt.& vi. ______
生义:vt. 把(熟肉)切成块;艰苦创业;奋斗取得(事业、名声等)
五、核心短语:写出英语表达
1.______________ 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
2._______________ 追溯到
3.____________________________ 不论……;不管……
雕刻
ups and downs
date back (to ...)
no matter where, who, what, etc.
自主学习 课文语篇
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM:
CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
汉字书写体系:连接过去与现在
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which1 has continued all the way through into modern times, despite2 the many ups and downs in its history3. There are many reasons why4 this has been5 possible, but6 one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
课文三维剖析
1 引导_____从句,修饰限定先行词ancient civilisation
2 despite+名词(短语),意为“尽管……”
3 介词短语作_________
4 引导_____从句,修饰限定先行词reasons
5 _________时
6 连接_______
定语
后置定语
定语
现在完成
并列句
7 介词短语作_________
8 过去分词作______,意为“________”
9 连接______成分
10 介词+which引导的______从句,修饰限定先行词____________和______
尽管历史跌宕起伏,中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因颇多,但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
At the beginning7, written8 Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and9 shells on which10 symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.
时间状语
定语
书面的
并列
定语
animal bones
shells
11 介词短语作________
12 现在分词作_____
13 介词短语作________
14 引导_________从句
15 引导______从句,修饰限定先行词______
16 现在分词短语作________
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。这些符号在今天的汉字中仍可看到。
By the Shang Dynasty11 (around 1600 1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing12 system. Over the years13, the system developed into different forms, as14 it was a time when15 people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters16.
时间状语
定语
时间状语
原因状语
定语
time
结果状语
17 介词短语作________
18 过去分词作______,意为“_______”
19 引导______从句,修饰限定先行词________
20 不定式作_____
This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty17 (221 207 BCE).
到商朝(约公元前1600年—前1046年)时,这些符号已经演变成一套成熟的书写体系。在随后的年代里,这一体系发展成不同的形式,这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔,从而导致不同方言和汉字变体的产生。然而,这在秦朝(公元前221年—前207年)秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified18 country where19 the Chinese writing system began to develop20 in one direction.
后置定语
定语
统一的
country
宾语
定语
21 动名词作_____
22 连接_____成分
23 no matter +疑问词引导__________从句
24 连接_______
25 动名词作_____
That writing system was of great importance in uniting21 the Chinese people and22 culture. Even today, no matter where23 Chinese people live or24 what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing25.
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后,在这个统一的国家里,汉字开始朝着一个方向发展。这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人仍然能通过书写(汉字)进行交流。
宾语
并列
让步状语
并列句
宾语
26 介词+which引导的__
_____从句,修饰先行词_____
27 介词短语作________
28 引导______从句,修饰限定先行词____________
29 介词短语作________
30 过去分词短语作________
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which26 China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times27 can read the classic works which28 were written by Chinese in ancient times29. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy30,
定语
means
后置定语
定语
classic works
后置定语
后置定语
31引导______________从句,解释说明Chinese calligraphy
32介词短语作_________
which31 has become an important part of Chinese culture32.
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至,这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
非限制性定语
后置定语
33引导_________从句
34介词短语作_________
35现在分词作定语,意为“___________”
36_________时
37动词不定式短语作_____
38介词短语作_________
Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As33 China plays a greater role in global affairs34, an increasing35 number of international students are beginning36 to appreciate China's culture and history37 through this amazing language38.
今天,汉字仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
时间状语
地点状语
越来越多的
现在进行
宾语
方式状语
(一)课文分段连线
阅读领悟
(二)读后思维拓展(答案不唯一)
Some argue that there is no need to learn to write Chinese calligraphy. What's your opinion
答案:略
答案
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 热词
(一)高频词
1.base vt. 以……为据点;以……为基础;把(总部等)设在 n. 底部;根据;群(教材P62)
based adj. 以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的
basic adj. 基本的,基础的;初级的;必需的
basically adv. 基本上;从根本上说
base sth on/upon sth=be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
base ... in ... 把……设在……
【语境感知】
①There was a bike path running along this side of the wall, right at its base.
沿着墙的这一边,就在墙脚下,有一条自行车道。
②He basically just sits there and does nothing all day.
他根本就是一天到晚坐在那儿无所事事。
③He based his ideas on/upon scientific experiments.
他的想法是以科学实验为根据的。
④The movie is based on a real-life incident.
这部电影以现实生活中的一件事为基础。(影评)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There have been some problems but ________ (base) it's a good system.
②The _______ (base) design changed little from that invented by Edison more than 100 years ago.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③他们的关系建立在信任的基础上。
____________________________________
④这盏灯的底部很沉。
_____________________________________________________________
⑤他们决定把组织设在纽约。
___________________________________________
basically
basic
Their relationship was based on/upon trust.
The lamp has a heavy base.
They decided to base the organization in New York.
2.variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化 (教材P62)
vary v. (使)不同,变化,改变
various adj. 各种各样的
a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的
vary from ... to ... 从……到……各不相同
【语境感知】
①We need a life full of variety.
我们需要多样化的生活。
②The Qinling Mountains are home to a huge variety of plants and rare wildlife.
秦岭是多种植物和珍稀野生动物的家园。
③Prices vary widely from shop to shop.
各家商店的价格差别很大。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We had _______ (vary) problems on our journey, including a flat tyre.
②The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete ____ athlete.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③重要的是要记住吃各种各样健康的食物。
_______________________________________________________
various
to
The important thing to remember is to eat a variety of healthy food.
3.major adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n. 主修课程;主修学生 vi. 主修;专门研究(教材P62)
majority n. 多数;大多数
major in 主修
in the majority 占大多数
the majority of ... ……的大多数
a majority of 大多数的;大部分的
【语境感知】
①We have a growing number of students majoring in Chinese.
我们有越来越多的学生主修中文专业。
②Our classmates who prefer to hold a party for him are in the majority.
我们大多数同学愿意为他举办一个聚会。
③School is our second home where we spend the majority of time living and learning.
学校是我们的第二个家,我们花大部分的时间在这里生活和学习。
“the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词常用复数;
“the majority of+不可数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;
“a majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①So a majority of fitness _______ (expert) currently advise against stretches before exercise.
②She was elected by a narrow ________ (major) as monitor of the class.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③长城是重要的旅游胜地。
____________________________________
④我认为在大学我会主修文学专业。
___________________________________________
experts
majority
The Great Wall is a major tourist attraction.
I think I will choose to major in literature in college.
4.means n. 方式;方法;途径(教材P62)
mean v. 意味着;打算
meaningful adj. 有意义的,重要的
by this means 用这种方法
by all means 当然可以;无论如何,尽一切办法
by no means 决不;一点也不(放句首时,句子用部分倒装语序)
by means of 用……的方法
【语境感知】
①Television is an effective means of communication.
电视是一种有效的通信方式。
②If you enjoy reading, then by all means do that whenever you want.
如果你喜欢阅读,不管什么时候都要想尽一切办法去读。
③By no means should you lose heart in the face of difficulty.
面对困难时你决不能失去信心。
means是单复数同形的名词,其谓语动词的数应根据means前的修饰语确定。
①One means is still to be tried.
有一种方法还没有尝试。
②All means have been used to get him to change his mind.
为了转变他的想法,所有的办法都用过了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①(2023·全国甲卷)In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more __________ (mean) to me.
②The flashing light _______ (mean) that you must stop.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③到我家乡最快的办法是乘高铁。
________________________________________________________________
④卡通片决不只是儿童的娱乐。
_______________________________________________
meaningful
means
The quickest means of getting to my hometown is to take a high speed railway.
By no means is cartoon only an entertainment of children.
5.regard n. 尊重;关注;敬佩;问候 vt. 把……视为;看待(教材P62)
have regard for 关注……;重视……;尊敬/敬佩……
pay/show regard 尊重
with/in regard to 关于
send one's regards 问候
give one's regards to sb=remember sb to sb 代某人向另一人问好
regard … as 把……看作
【语境感知】
①I had great regard for his abilities.
我非常敬佩他的能力。
②Give my regards to your brother when you see him.
见到你哥哥时,代我向他问好。
③Kites are regarded as the earliest craft.
风筝被视为最早的飞行器。
(1)regard表示“关心”“关怀”等,是不可数名词;表示“尊重”“赞赏”,也是不可数名词,但有时可与不定冠词连用。
(2)regard表示“问候”时,要用复数。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Now, people regard drinking tea ____ a culture more than a habit.
②When you write to him, please give my _______ (regard) to him.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她一直对我很诚实,我非常敬重她这一点。
_________________________________________________________
④看电影被看作是一种好的娱乐方式。
___________________________________________________
as
regards
She has always been honest with me, and I have regard for her for that.
Watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment.
6.appreciate vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;明白;领会
vi. 增值(教材P62)
appreciation n. 欣赏,鉴赏;感激,感谢;理解,领会
appreciate表示“感激;赞赏”时,通常为及物动词,其后可接名(代)词、动词-ing形式、名词性从句等作宾语,但不能接不定式。
当appreciate后接宾语从句时,一般先用it作形式宾语,再接宾语从句。类似的动词(短语)还有hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等。
【语境感知】
①(2023·全国甲卷)This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.
这里很适合与喜欢美食的同事一起吃烛光晚餐或进行工作会议。
②I had no appreciation of the problems they faced.
我没有体谅到他们所面临的困难。
③I would greatly appreciate it if you could give me a hand.
如果您能帮我一下,我将不胜感激。(求助信)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I'm writing to show my sincere ___________ (appreciate) for the book you gave me before you left China.
②I appreciate ___________(give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③大多数人能明白锻炼对健康的重要性。
_____________________________________________________
④如果我们学会欣赏新鲜和不同的东西,我们就会为未来的一切做好充分的准备。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
appreciation
being given
Most people can appreciate the importance of exercise for health.
If we learn to appreciate what is new and different, we will be well prepared for whatever the future may have in store.
(二)拓展词
7.classic adj. 传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n. 经典作品;名著→________ adj. 经典的,传统的
【语境感知】
I've always enjoyed classic music. As you know, Swan Lake is one of the great classical ballets.
我一直喜欢古典音乐。你知道,《天鹅湖》是一部伟大的古典芭蕾舞剧。
classical
8.character n. 文字;符号;角色;品质;特点→______________ adj. 独特的,典型的
n. 特征,特点,品质
【语境感知】
She behaved with characteristic dignity. This was one aspect of her character he hadn't seen before.
她表现出特有的尊严。这是他以前从未见过的她性格的一个方面。
characteristic
9.global adj. 全球的;全世界的;全面的→_________ adv. 全球地;全局地;世界上
【语境感知】
Today, as urban population explodes globally, cities become more crowded. We need to take a more global approach to the problem.
今天,随着全球城市人口的爆炸式增长,城市变得更加拥挤。我们需要采取更全面的方法来解决这个问题。
globally
10.specific adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→___________ adv. 特意,专门地;明确地,具体地
【语境感知】
I gave you specific instructions and specifically asked for this steak rare.
我给了你明确的指示,特别要求这块牛排要做得嫩一些。
specifically
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He studies _________ (classic) literature, but also takes an interest in history.
②She spoke with ____________ (character) enthusiasm.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③做一些具体的事情来帮助那些需要帮助的人。
_____________________________________
④教育已经成为一项全球性的事业。
________________________________
classical
characteristic
Do something specific to help those in need.
Education has become a global cause.
(三)熟词生义
11.carve [熟义] vt.& vi. 雕刻
[生义] vt. ________________________________________________
【语境感知】
①The wood had been carved into the shape of a flower.
木头被雕成了花朵状。
②She carved up the meat and gave each of us a piece.
她把肉切成块,分给我们每人一块。
③He succeeded in carving out a career in the media.
他已在传媒界闯出了一片天地。
把(熟肉)切成块;艰苦创业;奋斗取得(事业、名声等)
【学会理解】同义词替换
①Who's going to cut the turkey ___________________
【学会表达】翻译句子
②她已在时装界谋得一席之地。
______________________________________________
Carve 把……切成块
She has carved a place for herself in the fashion world.
探究二 短语
12.date back (to ...) 追溯到(教材P62)
date back to=date from 追溯到
out of date 过时的
up to date (with ...) 赶上(……的)潮流;与……保持同步;最新的
【语境感知】
①The tradition could date back to 300 BC.
这种传统可以追溯到公元前300年。
②Suddenly she felt old and out of date.
她猛然觉得自己老了,跟不上时代了。
③We work hard to keep our database up to date.
我们花了很大力气不断更新资料库。
(1)date from与date back to 都不用于被动语态和进行时态,但可用现在分词形式作定语、补语、状语等。
(2)谈论现存的物品或建筑物时,虽然其建造于过去某一时期,但date from和date back to通常用一般现在时。
【学会运用】选词填空(up to date/date back to/out of date)
①Shoes ___________ 8000 BC—a very long history, indeed.
②She brought him __________ with what had happened.
③The rules were __________ and confusing.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④此次展览中的一些物品是20世纪30年代的。
______________________________________________________
date back to
up to date
out of date
Some of the objects in the exhibition date from/back to the 1930s.
探究三 长难句分析
13.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. (教材P62)
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
【分析】 “of+(great/much/some/no/little等)+抽象名词”表示人或物具有某种特性。
常用于此结构的抽象名词:use, importance, help, value, quality, benefit, necessity, interest等。
常用于修饰抽象名词的词:no, some, any, little, much, great等。
类似此结构的还有:
“of+形容词+colour/age/size/height/weight/shapetype/kind” 等,用来说明人在年龄、身高、体重等方面或者物品在度量、大小、颜色、类别等方面的特征。
【语境感知】
①This medicine is of no use.
这种药没有效果。
②These dictionaries are of much help to learners of English.
这些词典对英语学习者有很大的帮助。
③It is a book of great value and I'd like to buy a copy.
这是一本非常有价值的书,我想买一本。
④Tom is of the same weight as his younger brother.
汤姆和他弟弟一样重。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The new drug is ____ potential benefit to cancer patients.
②His behavior is of no ___________ (significant) in the investigation.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③年龄相近的人容易成为朋友。
____________________________________
④这些铅笔有各种各样的颜色。
____________________________________
⑤无论他说什么都不重要。
________________________________
of
significance
People of similar age are easy to be friends.
These pencils are of many different colours.
Whatever he says is of no importance.
对点练习 巩固所学
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(___)1.factor A.n. 体系;制度;系统
(___)2.shell B.n. 骨头;骨(质)
(___)3.carve C.n. 壳;壳状物
(___)4.bone D.vt.& vi. 雕刻
(___)5.system  E.n. 因素;要素
E
C
D
B
A
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(___)6.date back (to ...) A.不论……;不管……
(___)7.lead to B.因……而出名
(___)8.no matter where, who, what, etc. C.导致
(___)9.ups and downs D.浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
(___)10.be known for  E.追溯到
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1._______ n. 方式;方法;途径
2._______ n. 变体;异体;多样化
3._________ vt. 欣赏;感激 vi. 增值
4.________ n. 王朝;朝代
5._____ vt. 以……为基础 n. 底部;根据
6._______ n. 地方话;方言
7._______ n. 尊重;关注
8.__________ n. 书法;书法艺术
9._____ n. 公共事务;事件
10.______ adj. 主要的 n. 主修课程
means
variety
appreciate
dynasty
base
dialect
regard
calligraphy
affair
major
Ⅲ.选词填空
1.All of her _______ plays have been translated into English.
2.I have a very high _______ for him and what he has achieved.
3.Susan's idea of freedom was to have _______ in her lifestyle.
4.His fan _______ is mostly middle aged ladies.
5.I started reading the chapter about how everyone speaks some _______ of a language.
major
despite, base, variety, major, means, regard, appreciate, dialect
regard
variety
base
dialect
6.________ all these discouragements, she refused to give up.
7.Is there any ______ of contacting him
8.Peter stood by me when I most needed it. I'll always _________ that.
Despite
means
appreciate
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1.It brings a cast of over sixty actors delivering their ____________ (character) performance.
2.This tool can be used ___ a variety of ways.
3.Most ________ (classic) music sends me to sleep.
4.In recent years, Chinese film has been a hit _________ (global), because it caters for Chinese and Western cultures.
5.I __________ (specific) told you not to go near the water!
6.His report is based ________ figures from six different European cities.
7.In the nursing profession, women are in _____ majority.
8.Simple showing of _____________ (appreciate) is one of the qualities of a great family.
characteristic
in
classical
globally
specifically
on/upon
the
appreciation
Ⅴ.完成表达
1._____________ (无论怎么) well you know this city, it is easy to get lost.
2.Paper-cuts of animals have been found in tombs which ________________ ____________ (追溯到1,500多年以前).
3.I feel lucky to have parents that stay together through the ______________ (起伏).
No matter how
date back over 1,500 years
ups and downs
Ⅵ.完整表达
1.在紧急情况下保持冷静是至关重要的。
_____________________________________________
2.他幻想有一个没有战争的世界。
_______________________________________________________
3.那时人们不太关注健康。
___________________________________________________
It is of great importance to keep calm in an emergency.
He had a vision of a world in which/where there would be no wars.
It was a time when people didn't pay much attention to health.
课后课时作业(一)
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 完形填空
(2024·广东省深圳市宝安中学高一上期中)If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a __1__ reason, such as your job or your studies Or perhaps you're interested in the __2__, films or music of a different country, and you know how much it will help to have a __3__ of the language.
Most people learn best by using a variety of __4__, but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people. They __5__ an environment where you can practice under the __6__ of someone who's good at the language. We all lead busy lives and learning a language takes __7__. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a __8__. It doesn't matter if you haven't got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by taking a lot less.
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I'm too __9__,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __10__ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any __11__. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I've also heard people __12__ about the mistakes they make when learning. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __13__ you're much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never easy. But with some work and devotion, you'll make progress. And you'll be __14__ by the positive reaction from some native speakers when you say just a few words in __15__ own language. Good luck!
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习一门新语言的原因、方法以及需要为之付出的努力。
篇章导读
1.(  )A.mental B.political
C.practical D.physical
解析:mental精神的;political政治的;practical实际的;physical身体的。根据下文的“such as your job or your studies”可知,工作或学习是学习语言的实际原因。故选C。
答案
解析
2.(  )A.literature B.transport
C.nature D.medicine
解析: literature文学; transport交通; nature自然; medicine药物。根据下文“films or music of a different country”可知,此处应用与films,music并列的名词,由此可知,对一个国家的文学、电影或者音乐感兴趣,会使你学习这一国家的语言。故选A。
答案
解析
3.(  )A.view B.knowledge
C.form D.feeling
解析: view观点;knowledge知识;form表格;feeling感觉。根据上文的“If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why.”可知,本段讨论的是学习掌握一门语言的原因,have a knowledge of为固定搭配,表示“掌握”。故选B。
答案
解析
4.(  )A.paintings B.rules
C.methods D.computers
解析: painting绘画;rule规则;method方法;computer电脑。根据下文的“traditional classes are an ideal start for many people”可知,本段讨论的是学习方法。由此可知,此处指多数人使用各种方法学习语言。故选C。
答案
解析
5.(  )A.protect B.change
C.respect D.provide
解析: protect保护; change改变; respect尊重; provide提供。根据上文的“traditional classes are an ideal start for many people”和下文的“an environment where you can practice”可知,你可以在一个精通该语言的人的指导下练习,这是传统课堂提供的一种环境。故选D。
答案
解析
6.(  )A.control B.discussion
C.guidance D.pressure
解析: control控制;discussion讨论; guidance指导; pressure压力。根据上文的“traditional classes”和下文的“someone who's good at the language”可知,对于语言学习者来说,在传统课堂上在老师的指导下学习,under the guidance of为固定搭配,意为“在……的指导下”。故选C。
答案
解析
7.(  )A.courage B.time
C.energy D.responsibility
解析: courage勇气; time时间; energy精力; responsibility责任。根据下文“You will have more success if you study regularly”可知,如果你经常学习语言,你会取得更大的成功,这说明学习语言需要花费时间。故选B。
答案
解析
8.(  )A.theory B.business
C.routine D.project
解析: theory理论; business生意; routine常规,惯例; project项目。根据上文“study regularly”可知,我们要定期学习,即让学习成为一种习惯。故选C。
答案
解析
9.(  )A.old B.nervous
C.weak D.tired
解析: old年老的;nervous紧张的;weak虚弱的;tired疲惫的。下文“Yes, children do learn languages more __10__ than adults”提到儿童学习新语言的优势,由此可知,此处指他们觉得自己年龄太大了而不适合学习新语言。故选A。
答案
解析
10.(  )A.closely B.quickly
C.privately D.quietly
解析: closely紧密地;quickly快速地;privately私下地;quietly安静地。根据常识可知,小孩学习语言比成年人要快。故选B。
答案
解析
11.(  )A.age B.speed
C.distance D.place
解析: age年龄;speed速度; distance距离; place地方。根据上文的“children”和“adults”可知,本段讨论的是学习语言与年龄之间的关系。故选A。
答案
解析
12.(  )A.argue B.talk
C.think D.worry
解析: argue争论; talk谈论;think想; worry担心。根据下文的“the mistakes they make”和常识可知,学习一种语言的时候,人们一般都担心犯错误。故选D。
答案
解析
13.(  )A.if B.and
C.but D.before
解析:句意:好吧,放轻松,对你的错误一笑了之,你就不太可能再犯了。 根据句意可知,设空处前后句子是顺承关系,应用连词and。故选B。
答案
解析
14.(  )A.hurt B.confused
C.thanked D.amazed
解析: hurt伤害;confuse使困惑;thank感谢;amaze使惊讶。根据下文的“by the positive reaction from some native speakers”可知,此处指当你说上几句他们的语言时,你会惊讶于他们积极的反应。be amazed by为固定搭配,意为“惊讶于”。故选D。
答案
解析
15.(  )A.their B.his
C.our D.your
解析:根据上文“some native speakers”可知,此处指你对母语人士说他们的母语。故选A。
答案
解析
Ⅱ 阅读
(2024·重庆市高一上期末)It is often said that if we dream in a foreign language, it's a sign that we are making progress in learning that language. But is it true
Before we can look at multilingual (多语言的) dreams, first we need to look at sleep. The link between sleep and language can be applied to how we learn any language, including our mother tongue. Even adults still learn about one new word every two days in their first language, but, if we are going to have a firm grasp of that new word, we need to link it to our existing knowledge. “In order to do that, we need to have some sleep,” says Gareth Gaskell, a psychology professor at the University of York.
It's during sleep that the integration of old and new knowledge happens. At night, one part of our brain—the hippocampus—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored. The role that dreams play in this night-time learning process is still being studied, but it's entirely possible that during multilingual dreams, the brain is trying to connect two languages, according to Marc Zuist, researcher at the University Hospital of Psychiatry in Switzerland.
So having multilingual dreams could mean that our brain is trying to master a new word or phrase, but it could also have an emotional significance. Danuta Barker, a professor of psycholinguistics (心理语言学) at the University of Silesia in Poland, suggests that multilingual dreams can express fears and desires around learning a foreign language, including the wish to be a native-like speaker or to be accepted within a certain community.
We clearly still have a lot to learn about multilingual dreams, but one thing seems certain: if you're trying to learn a new language, you should definitely sleep on it.
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于如何学习任何语言,包括我们的母语。多语梦境中,大脑试图将两种语言联系起来,这有助于学习一门新的语言。
篇章导读
1.What does the underlined word “integration” in Paragraph 3 mean (  )
A.Method. B.Form.
C.Combination. D.Reflection.
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“The role that dreams ... connect two languages (梦在夜间学习过程中所起的作用仍在研究中,但完全有可能在多语言梦境中,大脑试图将两种语言联系起来)”可知,此处为正是在睡眠期间,新旧知识的整合发生了。由此可知,画线词integration意为“整合”,与combination“结合”意思一致。故选C。
答案
解析
2.What is the function of the hippocampus (  )
A.Studying the role of the dream.
B.Analyzing the learning process.
C.Developing the new area of the brain.
D.Absorbing and delivering information.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At night, one part ... to be stored.(晚上,我们大脑的一部分——海马体——接收白天获得的所有新信息,并将其传递给大脑的其他部分进行存储。)”可知,海马体的功能是接收和传递信息。故选D。
答案
解析
3.What does Danuta Barker study (  )
A.Emotion and dreams.
B.Languages and communities.
C.Universities and courses.
D.Words and expressions.
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Danuta Barker, a professor ... a certain community.(波兰西里西亚大学的心理语言学教授Danuta Barker(达努塔·巴克)认为,多语言梦境可以表达对学习外语的恐惧和渴望,包括希望像母语人士一样说外语,或者被某个群体所接受。)”可推知,Danuta Barker研究情感和梦的关系。故选A。
答案
解析
4.What's the main idea of the passage (  )
A.Why we learn a foreign language in the dream.
B.Learning languages is completely from sleeping.
C.Sleeping plays an important part in the development of brains.
D.How multilingual dreams are connected to language learning.
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了多语言梦境和语言的联系,研究者也对其进行了分析。由此可知,这篇文章的主旨是多语言梦境是如何与语言学习联系在一起的。故选D。
答案
解析
Ⅲ 语法填空
(2024·贵州省贵阳市第一中学高一上教学质量监测)When the book The Secret Garden __1__ (publish) for the first time in 1911, only very rich people in Britain had gardens. Soon after that, people began to build homes with gardens. This is the reason __2__ the British love gardens. Today, about half the British people spend their free time __3__ (garden).
Children plant sunflowers, expert gardeners know where roses can grow well and others work hard __4__ (grow) perfect vegetables to take part in __5__ (compete). Many Brits spend __6__ (they) weekends cutting the grass, while some are __7__ (please) to sit under the tree branches and enjoy the world.
Some people who don't have outside space rent small pieces of land to grow things __8__ (careful) and others turn rooftops and walls __9__ private gardens. Gardening not only helps the cities greener __10__ improves air quality but is also good for the soul.
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国人对园艺的热爱及园艺的各种好处。
篇章导读
1.答案:was published
解析:考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。publish与the book The Secret Garden之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,根据for the first time in 1911可知,应用一般过去时,主语为单数。故填was published。
2.答案:why
解析:考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是reason,关系词在从句中作原因状语,应用why引导。故填why。
答案
解析
3.答案:gardening
解析:考查非谓语动词。固定搭配spend time doing sth 表示“花时间做某事”。故填gardening。
4.答案:to grow
解析:考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to grow。
答案
解析
5.答案:competitions
解析:考查词性转换。此处应用名词作介词in的宾语,competition为可数名词,前无限定词,应用复数。故填competitions。
6.答案:their
解析:考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词weekends。故填their。
答案
解析
7.答案:pleased
解析:考查词性转换。此处修饰人的感情,应用-ed结尾的形容词。pleased意为“高兴的”,作表语。故填pleased。
8.答案:carefully
解析:考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词grow,作状语。故填carefully。
答案
解析
9.答案:into
解析:考查介词。固定搭配turn ... into ... 表示“使……变成……”。故填into。
10.答案:and
解析:考查连词。句意:园艺不仅帮助城市绿化,改善空气质量,而且对精神也有好处。helps the cities greener和improves air quality是并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。
答案
解析
(2024·山西省临汾市洪洞向明中学高一上月考)When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language. Take the sentence “How do you do ” as an example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, once at a time, what is your translation It must be a wrong sentence in your own language.
精深阅读
Languages do not just have different sounds. They are different in many ways. It's important to master the rules for word order in the study of English, too. If the speakers put words in a wrong order, the listener can't understand the speakers' sentences easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. But sometimes when the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn't change. Let's see the difference between the two pairs of sentences.
“She only likes apples.” “Only she likes apples.”
“I've seen the film already.” “I have already seen the film.”
When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit of the language and use it as the English speakers do.
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。学习英语时要避免逐字翻译,应像英语母语者一样灵活运用语言。
篇章导读
1.What can we know from the passage when we are learning English
A.We shouldn't put every word into our own language.
B.We should look up every word in the dictionary.
C.We need to put every word into our own language.
D.We must read word by word.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When you are ... into your own language.”可知,当我们学习英语的时候,不应该把每个单词都用自己的语言翻译出来。故选A。
答案
解析
2.How does the writer think in learning English
A.Difficult to understand different sounds.
B.Possible to remember the word order.
C.Important to master the rules in different ways.
D.Easy to master the rules for word order.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Languages do not ... the study of English, too.”可知,作者认为用不同的方法掌握规则是很重要的。故选C。
答案
解析
3.What can we learn from the passage
A.The meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the words.
B.The order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentence.
C.Sometimes different order of words has a different meaning.
D.If the order of words is different, the meaning of the sentence must be different.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sometimes when the order ... the sentence doesn't change.”可知,有时不同的语序会有不同的意思。故选C。
答案
解析
4.Which is the best title for this passage
A.Different Orders, Different Meanings
B.How to Speak English
C.How to Put English into Our Own Language
D.How to Learn English
解析:标题判断题。文章主要讲述了学习英语时应避免逐字翻译,要理解词语顺序、语言精髓和用法,像英语母语者一样灵活运用英语。因此,D项(如何学习英语?)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
答案
解析
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1. ______ adj. 聪明的
2.translation n. _____
3. ______ n. 顺序,次序
4. ________ n. 含义
5.spirit n. ___________
clever
翻译
order
meaning
本质;精髓
(二)高频短语
6.word for word ___________________
7.take ... as an example ____________
8.________ 查阅;查询
9.in a(n) ... order ____________
10.____________ 尽某人最大努力
逐字地;一字不差地
以……为例
look up
按……顺序
do one's best
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11.The book loses something in _________ (translate).
12.A word often has several _________ (mean).
13.Whether he comes or not doesn't make any _________ (different) to me.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14.Obey the spirit, not the letter of the law. _____
15.Get pairs of students to act out the dialogue in front of the class. ____________
16.Let's take the problems in a different order. _____
translation
meanings
difference
本质
对;双;两个
顺序
(五)用方框中单词或短语的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17.The face is the mirror of the soul. ______
18.How intelligent of you to work it out!______
19.Mike did all he could to help clean the house. __________
spirit
clever, do one's best, spirit
clever
did his best
(六)长难句分析
20.When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language.
句意:当你学习英语时,你会发现把一个英语句子逐字地翻译成自己的语言是不聪明的。
分析:主干是_____________________; When引导__________从句;it作__________;to put an English sentence ... your own language作_____________;not clever作_____________;word for word是插入语在句中作_______。
you find it ... language
时间状语
形式宾语
真正的宾语
宾语补足语
状语
(七)根据所给汉语,完成下列句子
21.Can you ________ (查询) the opening times on the website
22.She repeated their conversation _____________ (逐字地) to me.
(八)仿写句子
23.It's important to master the rules for word order in the study of English, too.(it作形式主语)
仿写:跟上迅速的变化是困难的。
____________________________________________
look up
word for word
It is difficult to keep up with the rapid pace of change.
课后课时作业(二)
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·宁夏银川市第二中学高一上期末)It is very challenging when it comes to trying to master the English language. However, there are some things you can do to improve your English learning. The following books are an excellent way for people trying to learn English or get better at it.
Oxford Picture Dictionary
This is a great book for those who like to learn things visually. You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day. There is also a bilingual version for those who want to learn using their own native language.
Word Power Made Easy
This useful dictionary provides one of the best ways to learn over 1,000 of the words which are most commonly used in English. The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors.
NTC Vocabulary Builders
Students who are more advanced in the English language will greatly like NTC Vocabulary Builders. If you want to build your English vocabulary, then this book is a good choice.
English Vocabulary in Use Series
This is one of the best-selling books by Cambridge University Press. The book is good for students of the English language of all levels who want to have a wider vocabulary. You can choose to learn British English or American English.
Improving your English is one of the best ways to make sure that you will do great in life. It can open many doors for you. For those who are not native English speakers, these books will come in handy. With hard work, anyone can be a master of the English language.
篇章导读:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助人们学习或者提高英语水平的书籍。
篇章导读
1.What is special about Oxford Picture Dictionary (  )
A.It is designed for language beginners.
B.It offers advice on language learning.
C.It provides many pictures to help learn language.
D.It gives learners a lot of interesting daily tasks.
解析:细节理解题。根据Oxford Picture Dictionary部分中的“You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day.”可知,Oxford Picture Dictionary的独特之处在于其提供了许多帮助学习语言的图片。故选C。
答案
解析
2.Which book provides ways to help you make fewer mistakes in spelling (  )
A.Oxford Picture Dictionary.
B.Word Power Made Easy.
C.NTC Vocabulary Builders.
D.English Vocabulary in Use Series.
解析:细节理解题。根据Word Power Made Easy部分中的“The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors.”可知,Word Power Made Easy这本书提供了避免拼写错误的方法。故选B。
答案
解析
3.What do the four books have in common (  )
A.They only provide English versions. B.They are all for beginners.
C.They help you to do great in life. D.They help to learn vocabulary.
解析:细节理解题。根据Oxford Picture Dictionary部分中的“You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day.”、Word Power Made Easy部分中的“This useful dictionary ... used in English.”、NTC Vocabulary Builders部分中的“If you want ... a good choice.”和English Vocabulary in Use Series 部分中的“The book is ... a wider vocabulary.”可知,这四本书的共同之处是它们都能帮助学习词汇。故选D。
答案
解析
B
(2024·新疆喀什地区十四校高一上期末质量检测)As you probably know, learning a foreign language is sometimes challenging. But it can also be fun. Learning to speak a second language opens doors to new opportunities, helps you to communicate with others and makes travelling overseas more satisfactory.
It might come as a surprise that the number of teenagers learning foreign languages in UK secondary schools has dropped by 45% since the turn of the millennium. Another survey of secondary schools suggests a third of students have dropped at least one language from their GCSE exam options. There are some reasons for this, including many students' opinion that languages are difficult. Others have questioned the need for a second language when translation technology is advancing.
Matthew Fell, chief UK policy director for business group the CBI, believes that “The decline in language learning in schools must be reversed, or else the UK will be less competitive globally and young people less prepared for the modern world.”
Some native English speakers have admitted the benefits of speaking another tongue. Cassandra Scott, from Edinburgh, studied three languages in her final year at school. She is now a freelance translator in Edinburgh, and says “Learning languages at school really set the course for my career.”
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍英国学习外语的人数的下降强调了学习外语的重要性。
篇章导读
4.How does the author show the fact that fewer people have learned foreign languages (  )
A.By offering background information.
B.By giving specific examples.
C.By analyzing underlying reasons.
D.By showing personal research.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It might come as a surprise ... exam options.”可推知,作者通过举例说明了学习外语的人越来越少这一事实。故选B。
答案
解析
5.What does the underlined word “reversed” in Paragraph 3 mean (  )
A.Developed rapidly.
B.Pushed quickly.
C.Changed completely.
D.Maintained properly.
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的后半句“or else the UK ... for the modern world (否则英国的全球竞争力将降低,年轻人面对现代世界的准备也将不充分)”可推知,如果学习外语人数减少的状况得不到改变就会导致这样的后果。由此可知,画线词意为“完全改变”。故选C。
答案
解析
6.What can we learn from the passage (  )
A.A fulfilling overseas travel requires another foreign language.
B.Learning languages at school may contribute to one's future career.
C.Native English speakers benefit more from speaking another tongue.
D.With the translation technology, there's no need to learn foreign languages.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She is now ... the course for my career.(她现在是爱丁堡的一名自由译者,她说:‘在学校学习语言真的为我的职业生涯定下了方向。’)”可推知,在校学习语言对一个人的职业生涯可能是有帮助的。故选B。
答案
解析
7.What's the purpose of the passage (  )
A.To criticize people's ignorance of foreign languages.
B.To stress the significance of learning foreign languages.
C.To state the result of dropping learning foreign languages.
D.To raise people's awareness of protecting native languages.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The decline in ... the modern world.”及最后一段中的“Learning languages ... my career.”可知,作者引用别人的话以说明学习外语的重要性,由此可推知,本文的目的是强调学习外语的重要性。故选B。
答案
解析
Ⅱ 读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·山东省名校考试联盟高一上期中)Once upon a time, in a land far away, there was a small village. The village was located in the heart of a big jungle (丛林). Surrounded by the high mountains and in the shade of green trees, the villagers lived a life of happiness.
All of them were used to their robotic daily tasks and none of them had the imagination or the will to try something new, except for one girl named Hannah. Very few people in the village could read, let alone write, and Hannah was one of them. Her parents had made sure that their only child got everything possible.
Hannah was an adventurous spirit with an imagination far beyond her time. She loved to explore and would spend hours in the woods looking for new things. She loved to create stories in her head and used to imagine herself as one of her characters. Sometimes, she even told stories to her friends, adding her own touch of curiosity every now and then to different stories, making them more interesting. She wanted to inspire the sparks of curiosity and imagination in them.
One afternoon, when Hannah was on one of her adventurous searches, she came upon an abandoned cottage (遗弃的小屋). The cottage looked very old in its condition. The door was hardly hanging and the wood was about to break apart into pieces. Even though Hannah's mother had strictly warned her not to go wandering in abandoned places, her curiosity drove her to approach it.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Opening the door, she was left shocked by a room full of books! ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍To her disappointment, her friends showed no interest in the tales she told.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Hannah (汉娜) 是一个富有冒险精神和想象力的女孩儿,经常给朋友们讲故事。一天她在探险的时候发现了一个废弃的小屋,里面有许多书,她会对这些书感兴趣吗?看到她的朋友们对她的故事不感兴趣,她又会怎样做呢?
写前导读
[精彩范文]
Opening the door, she was left shocked by a room full of books! Shinning in the dust, books were bathed in the warm sunlight just waiting to be explored. Seeing them, Hannah jumped up and down with excitement! She dusted the books, the shelves, and what was left of the furniture. Finally came the moment when she could appreciate the books, which were filled with stories about different creatures. So interesting and encouraging were they that Hannah was immersed in them completely. Meanwhile, she couldn't wait to share the tales she read with her friends.
答案
To her disappointment, her friends showed no interest in the tales she told. She knew it would be a difficult journey, but she wouldn't give it up. To inspire their curiosity and imagination, she started telling tales every day at the cottage. Soon, the word of Hannah's storytelling spread rapidly and more people came, gathering around Hannah in admiration and listening attentively. She even conducted workshops to teach villagers how to read and write. Sharing your skill will not only help yourself, but also be a ray of hope for someone struggling to find their way.
答案
精深阅读
(2024·浙江绍兴高一上阶段练习)Learning Chinese could be one of the most important decisions you ever make. Chinese is becoming the language to learn in the 21st century. With the world's largest population and a rapidly growing middle class, China stands to become the engine of the world's economy in the coming years. This will make learning Chinese very important for people in many industries, or for those of us who wish to visit China or learn from its culture and history.
There is an ongoing effort to modernize the writing system and standardize the language. An increasing number of people learning Chinese are learning the Mandarin, so unless you absolutely need to learn another dialect (such as Cantonese), be sure you are studying Mandarin.
 For native English speakers Chinese is one of the most difficult and most different languages to learn. The vocabulary is wholly unfamiliar and unlike anything we know. In addition, in the Chinese tone system, words are spoken in rising or falling tones, which help to distinguish between them. Furthermore, there is the Chinese writing system—a collection of thousands of individual ideograms (表意文字),
or symbols, which represent a word or an idea. These ideograms have no phonetic value—that is to say, we can't tell how the word is pronounced by how it is written. There is a method to present written Chinese in a phonetic script called pinyin. If you are learning Chinese, you'll be working with this pinyin system, but the beauty of the traditional writing system shouldn't be passed up. All these factors make learning Chinese difficult for us. Yet, for a determined learner, there's always a way to overcome it.
篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习汉语的重要性以及学习汉语的一些困难之处。
篇章导读
1.Why is learning Chinese becoming more and more important
A.Chinese engines are very welcome.
B.China has the world's largest population.
C.There are more and more rich people in China.
D.China is becoming more and more important to the world economy.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With the world's largest population ... culture and history.”可知,中国将在未来几年成为世界经济的引擎,所以学习汉语变得越来越重要。故选D。
答案
解析
2.What can we learn from the text
A.The author thinks Chinese is as difficult as English.
B.The author is interested in the Chinese language and its culture.
C.Foreign languages can play a great role in industrial development.
D.As long as the pinyin system is learned well, one can learn Chinese well.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This will make ... culture and history.”可推知,作者对汉语和中国文化很感兴趣。故选B。
答案
解析
3.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The difficulties of learning Chinese.
B.The advantages of learning Chinese.
C.The Chinese tone system.
D.The Chinese writing system.
解析:段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“For native English ... languages to learn.(对于以英语为母语的人来说,汉语是最难学、最不同的语言之一。)”和“All these factors make learning Chinese difficult for us.(所有这些因素使我们学习汉语变得困难。)”可知,最后一段主要是关于学习汉语的困难之处。故选A。
答案
解析
4.What would be probably written following this text
A.The sources of Chinese characters.
B.The importance of learning Chinese.
C.The advice on how to learn Chinese.
D.The difficulties of learning other languages.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“All these factors ... to overcome it.”可知,学习汉语很困难,但是总有办法克服。由此可推知,文章接下来可能会给出学习汉语的建议。故选C。
答案
解析
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1.effort n. ______
2.modernize v. _________
3. __________ adj. 不断增加的
4. ______ prep. 不像
5.traditional adj. _________
努力
使现代化
increasing
unlike
传统的
(二)高频短语
6.______________ 做出决定
7.__________ 了解/学习……
8.__________ 此外
9.____________ 换言之
10.pass up ____________
make a decision
learn from
in addition
that is to say
错过;放弃
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11.The company is investing $9 million to __________ (modern) its factories.
12.It's __________ (tradition) in China to eat mooncakes on Mid Autumn Day.
13.Nowadays __________ (increase) numbers of people choose to work at home.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14.The children are taught to respect different cultures. ______
15.The aims of the organization are wholly peaceful. _______
16.He was determined to become a world class player. ___________
modernize
traditional
increasing
文化
完全地
下定决心的
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17.She will not give up her children without a(n) struggle. ______
18.It was hard to tell the difference between the two versions. __________
19.Different from most systems, this one is very easy to install. _______
effort
effort, unlike, distinguish
distinguish
Unlike
(六)长难句分析
20.Furthermore, there is the Chinese writing system—a collection of thousands of individual ideograms (表意文字), or symbols, which represent a word or an idea.
句意:此外,还有汉字书写系统——由数千个单独的表意文字或符号组成的集合,用以表示一个词或一种思想。
分析:主干是______________________________;a collection of thousands of individual ideograms (表意文字), or symbols作_________,解释名词system;which引导_______________从句,解释说明先行词ideograms, or symbols。
there is the Chinese writing system
同位语
非限制性定语
(七)根据所给汉语,完成下列句子
21.He is really bad at _______________ (做决定).
22.There is, __________ (此外), one further point to make.
(八)仿写句子
23.Learning Chinese could be one of the most important decisions you ever make.(动名词(短语)作主语)
仿写:用我们的双手劳动是最美的。
___________________________________________
making decisions
in addition
Working with our own hands is the most beautiful.