Period 5 课文整体教学(Developing ideas)
Ⅰ．文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．It compares two different kinds of humour．
B．It tells us how to be a humorous person．
C．It introduces the story of two writers as well as their works．
D．It introduces two masters in literature who have a great sense of humour．
Ⅱ．篇章结构
1．What did Twain's response to the barber's question imply
A．He gave the lecture himself．
B．He couldn't get a ticket to every lecture．
C．He had to stand because of his bad luck．
D．He didn't like the fellow that lectured．
2．What did Wang conclude in his essay“On Humour”？
A．The world is full of boring things．
B．The world is full of sad things．
C．The world is full of amusing things．
D．The world is full of scary things．
3．How does the author introduce Mark Twain and Wang's humour
A．By making comparison．
B．By giving examples．
C．By asking questions．
D．By giving figures．
4．What did both Twain and Wang understand about humour
A．It's just about laughter．
B．It's a way of life and a tool to illuminate the world．
C．It's not important in life．
D．It's only for making people happy．
1．Do you think Wang Zengqi's jokes funny Give your reasons．
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2．How can you develop a sense of humour
_____________________________________________________________________
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Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．brand n．品牌，牌子；类型 v．加商标(或形象、身份等)于；(尤指不公正地)丑化(某人)；给(牲畜)打烙印
①(教材原句)...Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour．____________
②You pay less for the supermarket's own brand．____________
③On big farms cattle are usually branded．____________
2．conclude v．作出……结论，推断出，断定；结束，终止；缔结(协定)
①(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”____________
②A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh．____________
③From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no atmosphere．____________
④They concluded a treaty with Turkey．____________
3．Study harder from now on，or you will fall behind the others．____________
4．He remarked that the book was interesting and worth reading．____________
Ⅱ．词块积累
1．________________ 日常互动
2．________________ 表示不悦
3．________________ 像……一样短
4．________________ 一帆风顺
5．________________ 保持对生活的热情
Ⅲ．写作佳句
1．Writing is easy．____________________ cross out the wrong words．
写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。
2．The barber，____________________，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture．
理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。
3．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and ________________________________________________．
马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是欢笑，还是一种生活方式，是可以用来照亮世界的工具。
4．The world gave me its love first，so I ____________________________________．
世界先给了我爱，我不能不爱它。
Ⅳ.长难语句
1．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句中“While these same...then”为while引导的____________从句，在此从句中“as they were then”为as引导的____________从句；“that humour could not...issues”为that引导的____________从句。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句的主干是______________。“When Twain replied that he didn't”为when引导的__________从句，其中“that he didn't”作replied的________；“that if he wanted to go to...in the theatre”为that引导的________从句，其中“if he wanted...the event”为________从句；“as there were...theatre”为____________从句。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
[分析] 本句为主从复合句，句中“to introduce several humorous examples of famous people”是____________，“concluding that...”是动词-ing形式短语作____________。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
Humour 1．____________ (be) an essential part of human 2．____________ (behave) for thousands of years．It could not only entertain but also throw new light 3．____________ sensitive or emotive issues．Closer to modern times，someone who 4．____________ (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious 5．____________ (message) is Mark Twain．But on 6．____________ other side of the world，Wang Zengqi became famous for his own unique brand of humour．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool 7．____________ can be used to illuminate the world．Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be 8．____________ (complicate) and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our 9．____________ (enthusiastic) for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest 10．____________ (bless)”．
1．(教材原句)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people．
*remark n．言论；意见，评论 vt．& vi．谈论；评论；说起(remarkable adj．引人注目的，显著的，非凡的 remarkably adv．非凡地，显著地)
(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 就……发表意见，
对……评头论足
make no remark 不发表评论
(2)remark that... 评论……
remark on/upon/about 对……发表评论/意见
单句语法填空/单句写作
①It's rude to make remarks ____________ the appearance of others．
②Some animals have a ____________ (remark) ability to adapt to the changing environment．
③(读后续写之动作和情绪描写)老师评论了我的文章并补充说写得很好，这让我很自豪。
The teacher ________________________________，adding that it was well written，which made me very proud．
④(应用文写作之活动介绍)短片结束后，每个班应该进行一次讨论，所有的学生都被期待发表评论，表达他们对这部短片的看法。
After the short film，each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
2．(教材原句)Despite life's ups and downs，his works consistently convey optimism．
*consistently adv．一贯地；一致地(consistent adj．始终如一的；一致的 consistency n．一致性，连贯性)
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Her work is sometimes good，but the problem is she's not ____________ (consist)．
②Happiness does not consist ____________ how many possessions you own．
③(应用文写作之人物描写)她始终如一地、满怀激情地追寻梦想，激励着周围的每一个人。
_____________________________________________________________________
with passion，inspiring everyone around her．
3．(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
*conclude v．作出……结论，推断出；(使)结束，终止 (conclusion n．结论)
(1)conclude sth．with sth．/by doing sth． 以……结束……
conclude sth．from sth．/from sth．that... 从……中推断出……
to conclude 最后
(2)come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 最后，总而言之
单句语法填空/单句写作/一句多译
①He concluded ____________ their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan．
②____________ conclusion，only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow．
③(应用文写作之活动介绍)他以一句著名的谚语结束了他的演讲：“有志者，事竟成。”
He ________________________________，“Where there is a will，there is a way．”
④(读后续写之主旨升华)我从我自己的经历中得出了一个结论：患难见真情。
a．I ____________________________________________________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclusion)
b．I ____________________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclude)
4．(教材原句)When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face，he falls behind with his work．
*fall behind不能按时完成(工作)
fall far behind 远远落后
fall behind with 拖欠；在……方面落后
fall apart 破碎；破裂；崩溃
fall down 跌倒；倒塌
fall off 减少；跌落；下降
fall over 摔倒，倒下
fall asleep 睡着
单句语法填空/单句写作
①She lost her balance and fell __________ the bicycle when cycling round the corner．
②My neighbor complained to the center that he couldn't fall ____________ because of the noise nearby．
③(读后续写之心理描写)她害怕在比赛中落后。
She ________________________ in the race．
④(读后续写之动作描写)他倒在地上，咬着牙，双手颤抖。
He ________________________，with his teeth set and hands trembling．
词汇 1．optimism n．乐观；乐观主义 2．interaction n．交流 3．amusing adj．逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的 4．gentle adj．和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的 5．enthusiasm n．热情，热忱
微练 1．她温柔地对受惊的孩子说话，以让他平静下来。 She __________________ to the frightened child to calm him down． 2．团队内部的积极互动可以极大地提高效率。 ____________________ within the team can improve efficiency greatly． 3．乐观是打开通往无限可能之门的钥匙。 ____________________ that unlocks the door to endless possibilities． 4．志愿者们对帮助偏远地区的穷人们表现出很大的热情。 Volunteers ________________________________ helping the poor in remote areas． 5．马戏团的表演太有趣了，所以观众们一直在笑。 The circus performance was ____________________ the audience laughed all the time．
1．(教材原句)Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour．
*不定式作表语
“be＋to do结构”用法归纳如下：
(1)表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作。
(2)表示必须或应该，在意思上相当于must、should、ought to或have to。
(3)表示不可避免将要发生的事或命中注定的事。
(4)如果主语是以aim、duty、hope、idea、happiness、job、plan、problem、purpose、thing、wish等为中心的名词或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。
单句写作
①(应用文写作之建议信)重要的是学会控制你的情绪。
The important thing is ____________________________________．
②(应用文写作之计划安排)我计划做的第一件事是在快餐店做兼职。
The first thing I plan to do is ________________________ in a fast-food restaurant．
③(应用文写作之演讲稿)我的梦想是成为一名教师，这是我心中的一颗指路星。
My dream，which is as a guiding star in my heart，is ____________________________
_____________________________________.
2．(教材原句)In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character．
*the way＋定语从句
(1)way作“方式，方法”讲，后接定语从句时有两种情况：
①way表示“方式，方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。
②way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略。
(2)way表示“方式，方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
单句写作
①(应用文写作之建议信)我想说的第一件事是，你开始谈话的方式非常重要。
The first thing I would say is that ____________________________________ is very important．
②(应用文写作之建议信)你应该记住，用英语写日记是提高英语水平的好方法。
You should keep it in mind that keeping a diary in English is _______________________________
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①an essential part of human behaviour人类行为的重要组成部分
②be filled with...充满……
③throw light on使(问题等)较容易理解
④be remembered for...因为……而被铭记
⑤his ability to combine humour with more serious messages他把幽默和更严肃的信息相结合的能力
⑥style of writing写作风格
⑦cross out划掉，删掉(错字)
⑧be equally well known for his witty remarks同样因其风趣的言辞而闻名
⑨for instance比如，例如
⑩a lecture tour巡回演讲
get a haircut and a shave理发和刮胡子
a ticket to the lecture演讲的门票
just one's luck(对自己的遭遇并不惊讶)常不走运，就这运气；真倒霉
one's own unique brand of humour 某人独特的幽默风格
introduce several humorous examples of famous people介绍几个名人的幽默事例
be full of...充满……
the thought of...一想到……
by oneself独自一人
give the best example to...是……的最佳范例
give a gentle response给出一个温和的回应
give a speech发表演讲
be scheduled to do sth．被安排做某事
start with...以……开始
a way of life一种生活方式
pour...into...注入；倾注，
The Importance of Humour
Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour①for thousands of years．There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece，and medieval writings are filled with②jokes．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on③sensitive or emotive issues．[1]
[1]连词while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”；在该状语从句中又包含一个as引导的比较状语从句；that humour...issues为that引导的宾语从句，其中not only...but also...连接并列谓语。
Closer to modern times，someone who is remembered for④ his ability to combine humour with more serious messages⑤ is American writer Mark Twain．Twain's particular style of writing⑥ is funny and often mischievous．For example，in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，he famously says，“Writing is easy．All you have to do is cross out⑦ the wrong words．[2]”But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑧ in his everyday interactions with people．For instance⑨，while on a lecture tour⑩ of the United States[3]，Twain went into a barber's shop to get a haircut and a shave .The barber，not recognising him[4]，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture .When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．Twain's response was，“That's just my luck .I always have to stand when that fellow lectures！”
[2]该句中不定代词All作主语；you have to do是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词All。由于修饰主语的定语从句中含有实义动词do，所以作表语的动词不定式to cross out可省略不定式符号to。
[3]此处是“连词＋介词短语”结构，可看作是时间状语从句while he was on a lecture tour of the United States的省略形式。while在此意为“在……期间”。
[4]动词-ing形式短语“not recognising him”作后置定语，修饰The barber。
Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour [5]．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people ，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things．The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud[6]，even when you're just sitting by yourself .”
[5]动词不定式短语“to become...humour”作表语，构成“be to do”结构，表示注定要发生的事情。
[6]句中make you laugh out loud为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
Wang believed that humour not only shows one's personality，but also reflects a person's attitude towards life．[7]He himself gives the best example to the word“humour”．One day，one of his readers flattered him by saying，“Gaoyou is famous for，first，the poet Qin Shaoyou，and second，Wang Zengqi．”Wang didn't show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response ，“No．Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me．I can only stay in the third place．”On another occasion，Wang was invited to give a speech in the US and was scheduled to speak last．He walked to the podium and began，“Unfortunately，none of today's speakers have last names starting with X，Y，or Z，so I am the last one to speak．Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired．But don't worry．My speech will be as short as a rabbit's tail．”
[7]本句是一个主从复合句。本句中的宾语从句中，humour是主语，shows和reflects是并列的谓语动词，one's personality是shows的宾语，a person's attitude towards life是reflects的宾语。
Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world．Wang once said，“Life may be like a dream，short and uncertain．[8] But I pour my true feelings into it．The world gave me its love first，so I cannot help but love it back[9].”Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be complicated and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air[10]．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”．
[8]short and uncertain 是形容词短语，作伴随状语，描述“生活”的特征，即“短暂且不确定”。
[9]“cannot help but do sth．”是一个常用的结构，意思是“不得不做某事，禁不住做某事”。
[10]almost as great as...是一个比较结构，意思是“几乎和……一样强烈”。our need for water and air 是比较对象，表示“我们对水和空气的需求”。
幽默的重要性
数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字中记载有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，这些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索耶历险记》中有一句名言：“写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。”他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票，马克·吐温说没有。理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。马克·吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着！”
和马克·吐温类似，不过是在世界的另一端，中国作家汪曾祺很快因其独特的幽默风格而声名远扬。在他的《谈幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到 600 个字介绍了几个名人的幽默事例，并总结道：“世间充满了有趣的事物。一想到它们，即使你独自一人坐着，也总会让你放声大笑。”
汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅展现一个人的个性，还反映一个人对待生活的态度。他本人就是“幽默”一词的最佳范例。有一天，他的一位读者奉承他说：“高邮以诗人秦少游第一，汪曾祺第二而闻名。”汪曾祺没有表现出任何不悦，只是温和地回应道：“不对。高邮咸鸭蛋比我有名得多。我只能排第三。”还有一次，汪曾祺受邀在美国演讲，被安排最后一个发言。他走到讲台上开口说道：“很不幸，今天演讲者的姓没有以X、Y、Z 开头的，所以我最后一个发言。最后发言很难，因为大家都已经很累了。不过别担心。我的演讲会像兔子尾巴一样短。”
马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是欢笑，还是一种生活方式，是可以用来照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾说：“人生如梦，短促而虚幻。但我投入真情实意。世界先给了我爱，我不能不爱它。”生活从来都不是一帆风顺的，有时可能复杂而残酷。但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上，有人可能会说，我们对幽默的需求几乎和对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克·吐温的话来说，就是“幽默是人类最大的福气”。
Period 5
课文理解
Task 1 整体理解
Ⅰ．D
Ⅱ．1．entertain 2．sensitive or emotive 3．combine 4．serious 5．funny 6．mischievous 7．witty 8．brand of humour 9．personality 10．attitude towards life
Task 2 细节理解
1－4 ACBB
Task 3 多维探究
略
课文精粹
Ⅰ．1．①n．类型 ②n．品牌 ③v．给(牲畜)打烙印
2．①作出……结论 ②结束，终止 ③推断出 ④缔结(协定) 3．落后于 4．v．评论
Ⅱ．1．everyday interactions with 2．show displeasure 3．as short as 4．smooth sailing 5．maintain one's enthusiasm for life
Ⅲ．1．All you have to do is 2．not recognising him 3．a tool that can be used to illuminate the world 4．cannot help but love it back
Ⅳ．1．分析：让步状语；比较状语；宾语
翻译：虽然对现在的我们来说，这些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
2．分析：the barber told him；时间状语；宾语；宾语；条件状语；原因状语
翻译：当吐温回答说他没有(票)的时候，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。
3．分析：目的状语；伴随状语
翻译：在他的《谈幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600个字介绍了几个名人的幽默事例，并总结道：“世间充满了有趣的事物……”
Ⅴ．1．has been 2．behaviour 3．on 4．is remembered 5．messages 6．the 7．that 8．complicated 9．enthusiasm 10．blessing
核心词汇
1．①on/upon ②remarkable ③made a remark on my essay ④make remarks and express their views about the short film
2．①consistent ②in ③She consistently pursues her dreams
3．①from ②In ③concluded his speech with a famous saying
④a．came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from b．concluded from
4．①off ②asleep ③was afraid of falling behind ④fell over on the ground
要点拾遗
1．spoke gently 2．Positive interaction 3．Optimism is the key 4．show/showed great enthusiasm for 5．so amusing that
句法句式
1．①to learn to control your temper ②to do a part-time job ③to become a teacher
2．①the way that you begin the conversation ②a good way to improve/of improving your English
13 / 13(共63张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 1
Laugh out loud!
主题语境 人与自我——积极的生活态度
Period 5 课时练案 课文整体教学(Developing ideas)
√
Ⅰ．文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．It compares two different kinds of humour．
B．It tells us how to be a humorous person．
C．It introduces the story of two writers as well as their works．
D．It introduces two masters in literature who have a great sense of humour．
Ⅱ．篇章结构
entertain
sensitive
combine
serious
funny
mischievous
witty
brand of humour
personality
attitude towards life
or emotive
√
1．What did Twain's response to the barber's question imply
A．He gave the lecture himself．
B．He couldn't get a ticket to every lecture．
C．He had to stand because of his bad luck．
D．He didn't like the fellow that lectured．
√
2．What did Wang conclude in his essay“On Humour”？
A．The world is full of boring things．
B．The world is full of sad things．
C．The world is full of amusing things．
D．The world is full of scary things．
√
3．How does the author introduce Mark Twain and Wang's humour
A．By making comparison．
B．By giving examples．
C．By asking questions．
D．By giving figures．
4．What did both Twain and Wang understand about humour
A．It's just about laughter．
B．It's a way of life and a tool to illuminate the world．
C．It's not important in life．
D．It's only for making people happy．
√
1．Do you think Wang Zengqi's jokes funny Give your reasons．
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2．How can you develop a sense of humour
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[答案] 略
Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．brand n．品牌，牌子；类型 v．加商标(或形象、身份等)于；(尤指不公正地)丑化(某人)；给(牲畜)打烙印
①(教材原句)...Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour． _______
②You pay less for the supermarket's own brand． _______
③On big farms cattle are usually branded． __________________
n．类型
n．品牌
v．给(牲畜)打烙印
2．conclude v．作出……结论，推断出，断定；结束，终止；缔结(协定)
①(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...” ____________
②A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh． __________
③From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no atmosphere． ______
④They concluded a treaty with Turkey． ____________
作出……结论
结束，终止
推断出
缔结(协定)
3．Study harder from now on，or you will fall behind the others． ______
4．He remarked that the book was interesting and worth reading． _______
落后于
v．评论
Ⅱ．词块积累
1．__________________________ 日常互动
2．________________ 表示不悦
3．___________ 像……一样短
4．______________ 一帆风顺
5．___________________________________ 保持对生活的热情
everyday interactions with
show displeasure
as short as
smooth sailing
maintain one's enthusiasm for life
Ⅲ．写作佳句
1．Writing is easy．_____________________ cross out the wrong words．
写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。
2．The barber，___________________，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture．
理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。
All you have to do is
not recognising him
3．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and _______________________________
__________．
马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是欢笑，还是一种生活方式，是可以用来照亮世界的工具。
4．The world gave me its love first，so I ____________________
______．
世界先给了我爱，我不能不爱它。
a tool that can be used to illuminate
cannot help but love it
back
the world
Ⅳ．长难语句
1．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句中“While these same...then”为while引导的________从句，在此从句中“as they were then”为as引导的________从句；“that humour could not...issues”为that引导的____从句。
让步状语
比较状语
宾语
[翻译] ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
虽然对现在的我们来说，这些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
2．When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。本句的主干是___________________。“When Twain replied that he didn't”为when引导的________从句，其中“that he didn't”作replied的____；“that if he wanted to go to...in the theatre”为that引导的____从句，其中“if he wanted...the event”为________从句；“as there were...theatre”为________从句。
the barber told him
时间状语
宾语
宾语
条件状语
原因状语
[翻译] ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
当吐温回答说他没有(票)的时候，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。
3．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
[分析] 本句为主从复合句，句中“to introduce several humorous examples of famous people”是________，“concluding that...”是动词-ing形式短语作________。
目的状语
伴随状语
[翻译] ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在他的《谈幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600个字介绍了几个名人的幽默事例，并总结道：“世间充满了有趣的事物……”
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
Humour 1．_______ (be) an essential part of human 2．_________ (behave) for thousands of years．It could not only entertain but also throw new light 3．__ sensitive or emotive issues．Closer to modern times，someone who 4．_____________ (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious 5．________ (message) is Mark Twain．But on 6．___ other side of the world，Wang Zengqi became famous for his own unique brand of humour．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life
has been
behaviour
on
is remembered
messages
the
and a tool 7．____ can be used to illuminate the world．Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be 8．___________ (complicate) and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our 9．__________ (enthusiastic) for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest 10．________ (bless)”．
that
complicated
enthusiasm
blessing
1．(教材原句)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people．
*remark n．言论；意见，评论 vt．& vi．谈论；评论；说起(remarkable adj．引人注目的，显著的，非凡的 remarkably adv．非凡地，显著地)
(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 就……发表意见，对……评头论足
make no remark 不发表评论
(2)remark that... 评论……
remark on/upon/about 对……发表评论/意见
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①It's rude to make remarks ________ the appearance of others．
②Some animals have a __________ (remark) ability to adapt to the changing environment．
③(读后续写之动作和情绪描写)老师评论了我的文章并补充说写得很好，这让我很自豪。
The teacher _________________________，adding that it was well written，which made me very proud．
on/upon
remarkable
made a remark on my essay
④(应用文写作之活动介绍)短片结束后，每个班应该进行一次讨论，所有的学生都被期待发表评论，表达他们对这部短片的看法。
After the short film，each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to ____________________________________
_____________________．
make remarks and express their views
about the short film
2．(教材原句)Despite life's ups and downs，his works consistently convey optimism．
*consistently adv．一贯地；一致地(consistent adj．始终如一的；一致的 consistency n．一致性，连贯性)
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①Her work is sometimes good，but the problem is she's not __________ (consist)．
②Happiness does not consist __ how many possessions you own．
③(应用文写作之人物描写)她始终如一地、满怀激情地追寻梦想，激励着周围的每一个人。
______________________________ with passion，inspiring everyone around her．
consistent
in
She consistently pursues her dreams
3．(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
*conclude v．作出……结论，推断出；(使)结束，终止 (conclusion n．结论)
(1)conclude sth．with sth．/by doing sth． 以……结束……
conclude sth．from sth．/from sth．that... 从……中推断出……
to conclude 最后
(2)come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 最后，总而言之
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作/一句多译
①He concluded ____ their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan．
②__ conclusion，only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow．
③(应用文写作之活动介绍)他以一句著名的谚语结束了他的演讲：“有志者，事竟成。”
He ______________________________________，“Where there is a will，there is a way．”
from
In
concluded his speech with a famous saying
④(读后续写之主旨升华)我从我自己的经历中得出了一个结论：患难见真情。
a．I ____________________________________________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclusion)
b．I ______________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclude)
came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from
concluded from
4．(教材原句)When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face，he falls behind with his work．
*fall behind不能按时完成(工作)
fall far behind 远远落后
fall behind with 拖欠；在……方面落后
fall apart 破碎；破裂；崩溃
fall down 跌倒；倒塌
fall off 减少；跌落；下降
fall over 摔倒，倒下
fall asleep 睡着
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①She lost her balance and fell ___ the bicycle when cycling round the corner．
②My neighbor complained to the center that he couldn't fall ______ because of the noise nearby．
③(读后续写之心理描写)她害怕在比赛中落后。
She ____________________________ in the race．
④(读后续写之动作描写)他倒在地上，咬着牙，双手颤抖。
He _______________________，with his teeth set and hands trembling．
off
asleep
was afraid of falling behind
fell over on the ground
词汇 1．optimism n．乐观；乐观主义
2．interaction n．交流
3．amusing adj．逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的
4．gentle adj．和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的
5．enthusiasm n．热情，热忱
微练 1．她温柔地对受惊的孩子说话，以让他平静下来。
She ____________ to the frightened child to calm him down．
2．团队内部的积极互动可以极大地提高效率。
____________________ within the team can improve efficiency greatly．
3．乐观是打开通往无限可能之门的钥匙。
___________________ that unlocks the door to endless possibilities．
spoke gently
Positive interaction
Optimism is the key
微练 4．志愿者们对帮助偏远地区的穷人们表现出很大的热情。
Volunteers ________________________________ helping the poor in remote areas．
5．马戏团的表演太有趣了，所以观众们一直在笑。
The circus performance was _______________ the audience laughed all the time．
show/showed great enthusiasm for
so amusing that
1．(教材原句)Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour．
*不定式作表语
“be＋to do结构”用法归纳如下：
(1)表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作。
(2)表示必须或应该，在意思上相当于must、should、ought to或have to。
(3)表示不可避免将要发生的事或命中注定的事。
(4)如果主语是以aim、duty、hope、idea、happiness、job、plan、problem、purpose、thing、wish等为中心的名词或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。
即学即练 单句写作
①(应用文写作之建议信)重要的是学会控制你的情绪。
The important thing is _______________________________．
②(应用文写作之计划安排)我计划做的第一件事是在快餐店做兼职。
The first thing I plan to do is ______________________ in a fast-food restaurant．
to learn to control your temper
to do a part-time job
③(应用文写作之演讲稿)我的梦想是成为一名教师，这是我心中的一颗指路星。
My dream，which is as a guiding star in my heart，is ___________________．
to become a teacher
2．(教材原句)In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character．
*the way＋定语从句
(1)way作“方式，方法”讲，后接定语从句时有两种情况：
①way表示“方式，方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。
②way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略。
(2)way表示“方式，方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
即学即练 单句写作
①(应用文写作之建议信)我想说的第一件事是，你开始谈话的方式非常重要。
The first thing I would say is that ________________________________
is very important．
②(应用文写作之建议信)你应该记住，用英语写日记是提高英语水平的好方法。
You should keep it in mind that keeping a diary in English is ________________________________________________．
the way that you begin the conversation
a good way to improve/of improving your English
①an essential part of human behaviour人类行为的重要组成部分
②be filled with...充满……
③throw light on使(问题等)较容易理解
④be remembered for...因为……而被铭记
⑤his ability to combine humour with more serious messages
他把幽默和更严肃的信息相结合的能力
⑥style of writing写作风格
⑦cross out 划掉，删掉(错字)
⑧be equally well known for his witty remarks
同样因其风趣的言辞而闻名
⑨for instance 比如，例如
⑩a lecture tour 巡回演讲
get a haircut and a shave 理发和刮胡子
a ticket to the lecture 演讲的门票
just one's luck (对自己的遭遇并不惊讶)常不走运，就这运气；真倒霉
one's own unique brand of humour 某人独特的幽默风格
introduce several humorous examples of famous people 介绍几个名人的幽默事例
be full of... 充满……
the thought of...一想到……
by oneself 独自一人
give the best example to...是……的最佳范例
give a gentle response给出一个温和的回应
give a speech 发表演讲
be scheduled to do sth．被安排做某事
start with...以……开始
a way of life 一种生活方式
pour...into...注入；倾注
The Importance of Humour
Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour①for thousands of years．There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece，and medieval writings are filled with②jokes．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on③sensitive or emotive issues．[1]
[1]连词while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”；在该状语从句中又包含一个as引导的比较状语从句；that humour...issues为that引导的宾语从句，其中not only...but also...连接并列谓语。
Closer to modern times，someone who is remembered for④ his ability to combine humour with more serious messages⑤ is American writer Mark Twain．Twain's particular style of writing⑥ is funny and often mischievous．For example，in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，he famously says，“Writing is easy．All you have to do is cross out⑦ the wrong words．[2]”But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑧ in his everyday interactions with people．For instance⑨，while on a lecture tour⑩ of the United States[3]，Twain
went into a barber's shop to get a haircut and a shave ．The barber，not recognising him[4]，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture ．When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．Twain's response was，“That's just my luck ．I always have to stand when that fellow lectures！”
[2]该句中不定代词All作主语；you have to do是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词All。由于修饰主语的定语从句中含有实义动词do，所以作表语的动词不定式to cross out可省略不定式符号to。
[3]此处是“连词＋介词短语”结构，可看作是时间状语从句while he was on a lecture tour of the United States的省略形式。while在此意为“在……期间”。
[4]动词-ing形式短语“not recognising him”作后置定语，修饰The barber。
Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour [5]．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people ，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things．The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud[6]，even when you're just sitting by yourself ．”
[5]动词不定式短语“to become...humour”作表语，构成“be to do”结构，表示注定要发生的事情。
[6]句中make you laugh out loud为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
Wang believed that humour not only shows one's personality，but also reflects a person's attitude towards life．[7]He himself gives the best example to the word“humour”．One day，one of his readers flattered him by saying，“Gaoyou is famous for，first，the poet Qin Shaoyou，and second，Wang Zengqi．”Wang didn't show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response ，“No．Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me．I can only stay in the third
place．”On another occasion，Wang was invited to give a speech in the US and was scheduled to speak last．He walked to the podium and began，“Unfortunately，none of today's speakers have last names starting with X，Y，or Z，so I am the last one to speak．Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired．But don't worry．My speech will be as short as a rabbit's tail．”
[7]本句是一个主从复合句。本句中的宾语从句中，humour是主语，shows和reflects是并列的谓语动词，one's personality是shows的宾语，a person's attitude towards life是reflects的宾语。
Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world．Wang once said，“Life may be like a dream，short and uncertain．[8] But I pour my true feelings into it．The world gave me its love first，so I cannot help but love it back[9]．”Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be complicated and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air[10]．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”．
[8]short and uncertain 是形容词短语，作伴随状语，描述“生活”的特征，即“短暂且不确定”。
[9]“cannot help but do sth．”是一个常用的结构，意思是“不得不做某事，禁不住做某事”。
[10]almost as great as...是一个比较结构，意思是“几乎和……一样强烈”。our need for water and air 是比较对象，表示“我们对水和空气的需求”。
幽默的重要性
数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字中记载有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，这些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索耶历险记》中有一句名言：“写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。”他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票，马克·吐温说没有。理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。马克·吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着！”
和马克·吐温类似，不过是在世界的另一端，中国作家汪曾祺很快因其独特的幽默风格而声名远扬。在他的《谈幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到 600 个字介绍了几个名人的幽默事例，并总结道：“世间充满了有趣的事物。一想到它们，即使你独自一人坐着，也总会让你放声大笑。”
汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅展现一个人的个性，还反映一个人对待生活的态度。他本人就是“幽默”一词的最佳范例。有一天，他的一位读者奉承他说：“高邮以诗人秦少游第一，汪曾祺第二而闻名。”汪曾祺没有表现出任何不悦，只是温和地回应道：“不对。高邮咸鸭蛋比我有名得多。我只能排第三。”还有一次，汪曾祺受邀在美国演讲，被安排最后一个发言。他走到讲台上开口说道：“很不幸，今天演讲者的姓没有以X、Y、Z 开头的，所以我最后一个发言。最后发言很难，因为大家都已经很累了。不过别担心。我的演讲会像兔子尾巴一样短。”
马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是欢笑，还是一种生活方式，是可以用来照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾说：“人生如梦，短促而虚幻。但我投入真情实意。世界先给了我爱，我不能不爱它。”生活从来都不是一帆风顺的，有时可能复杂而残酷。但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上，有人可能会说，我们对幽默的需求几乎和对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克·吐温的话来说，就是“幽默是人类最大的福气”。
谢 谢！
