Period 2 课文整体阅读(Understanding ideas)
Ⅰ．文章大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist．
B．Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his theory of evolution．
C．Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time．
D．Darwin's unlucky journey confirmed his theory that humans had evolved over time．
Ⅱ．篇章结构
1．What do we know about Charles Darwin from the first paragraph
A．He was regarded too young at that time．
B．He didn't even finish his medical degree．
C．Darwin's father wrote to dissuade(劝阻) him．
D．He knew the captain of the Beagle very well．
2．Why did Darwin's book On the Origin of Species cause a storm
A．Because Darwin's father considered it a failure．
B．Because the book referred to something about humans．
C．Because people used to believe that all species had happened on Earth at the same time．
D．Because Darwin's theory was short of evidence．
3．Which words can be used to describe Charles Darwin
A．Observant and dedicated．
B．Diligent and humorous．
C．Devoted and warm-hearted．
D．Modest and responsible．
4．What did Charles Darwin base his theory on
A．Doing experiments．
B．Scientific research．
C．Traditional beliefs．
D．Famous sayings．
5．From which is the text probably taken
A．A news report．
B．A research paper．
C．A travel brochure．
D．A science magazine．
1．Why did Darwin's father think he was a disgrace to his family
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．What's your understanding of the sentence in the third paragraph“It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．”？
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．distant adj．遥远的；远处的；疏远的；冷淡的；不友好的；恍惚的；远亲的
①(教材原句)The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”． ____________
②Jack sounded very cold and distant on the phone． ____________
③It was after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin． ____________
④There was a distant look in her eyes；her mind was obviously on something else． ____________
2．sample n．样本，样品；(化验的)取样 v．品尝；尝试；取样；采样
①(教材原句)After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected． ____________
②12% of the children sampled said they preferred cats to dogs． ____________
③I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time． ____________
④They took samples from his hair for DNA testing． ____________
3．Turner's opponent in the quarter-final is the number one seed． ____________
4．The company has evolved over the years into a multi-million dollar organization． ____________
5．Wind turbines generate electricity for the local communities． ____________
Ⅱ．词块积累
1． ________________ 第一选择
2．________________ 医学院
3．________________ 更有甚者；而且
4．________________ 有史以来；自古以来
5．________________ 寻找
6．________________ 引起轰动
7．________________ 同时
8．________________ 被认为是
9．________________ 开始于……
Ⅲ．写作佳句
1．贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“________________________ visiting distant countries yet little known”．
2．然而来应聘的人并不是船长心中的理想人选。
____________________________________ was not the captain's first choice．
3．我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。
________________________，Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，________________________ rocks，plants and animals．
4．很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他们对此感到震惊。
Many people ____________________ that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．____________________．
Ⅳ.长难语句
1．When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most．
[分析] “When the Beagle...in 1835”为____________从句；主句是由but连接的两个________句，其中第二个分句“it was the birds that interested him the most”为________句型。
[翻译] ____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．
[分析] 句子的主干为“Darwin suspected”，其后的“that the finches...ancestor”为________从句，“which had arrived...before”为________________从句，修饰先行词________________。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance 1．____________ (study) various living things in their natural environments．
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time，and 2．____________ (change) since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 3．____________ each other．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，it 4．____________ (be) the birds that interested Darwin the most．He suspected that the 5．____________ (finch) had evolved from a common ancestor，6．____________ had arrived on the islands a long time before．
It was a 7．____________ (complete) new idea—a theory of evolution．Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species．Many people refused to believe that living things，8．____________ (include) humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing 9．____________ more and more people started to believe his theory．
Today，the book is regarded as one of the most important works ever 10．____________ (write)．
①distant countries yet little known遥远而鲜为人知的国度
②answer the call响应号召
③one's first choice某人的首选
④what's more更有甚者；而且
⑤one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time有史以来最重要的科学发现之一
⑥in question讨论中的，有疑问
⑦Charles Darwin查尔斯·达尔文(1809年2月12日至1882年4月19日)，英国生物学家，进化论的奠基人，出版《物种起源》。
⑧(be) fascinated by对……入迷；被……迷住
⑨be crowded with堆满；挤满；充满
⑩come to exist出现；产生
at the same time同时
be similar to和……相似
adapt to their changing environments适应它们不断变化的环境
Galápagos Islands加拉帕戈斯群岛
a variety of new species各种各样的新物种
according to根据，按照
over time随着时间推移
the answer to...……的答案
a theory of evolution进化论
be regarded as被认为是
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known①”．The person who answered the call② was not the captain's first choice③.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree．What's more④，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．[1]Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time⑤.
[1]句中的that he would be...是that引导的宾语从句，作predicting的宾语。
The young man in question⑥，Charles Darwin⑦，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by⑧ rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments．After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with⑨ samples of the plants and animals he had collected．As he studied these，he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist⑩？
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time ，and had not changed since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other．Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments ？It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species ，but it was the birds that interested him the most[2].Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands．It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island．[3]
[2]此处“it was...that...”为强调句型，强调主语the birds。
[3]句中的what引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．[4]Over time ，it had slowly evolved into many new species．And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from earlier ancestors．
[4]that引导宾语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a common ancestor。
It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution .Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species[5].It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm．Many people refused to believe that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．They were shocked．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory．[6]
[5]On the Origin of Species是his book的同位语。
[6]so...that...“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written [7].It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever．And it all began with the journey on the Beagle．
[7]ever written为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰works，相当于定语从句that were ever written。
发现之旅
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。然而来应聘的人并不是船长心中的理想人选。这个年轻人从医学院肄业，并且在他刚收到的家书中，父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻辱”。尽管如此，他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来最重要的一项科学发现。
我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831年，他搭乘贝格尔号从英格兰启程。这趟旅程给了他研究自然环境中各种生物的契机。在南美洲度过一段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。当他研究这些样本时，他产生了疑问：这些不同的物种是如何产生的？
当时，人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现在地球上的，并从此再无变化。但达尔文开始有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物种的动物彼此间很相似。也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐进化？虽然这只是一个设想，但足够鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔文注意到，在群岛中的每一个小岛上，雀鸟之间有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛，随着时间推移，慢慢进化成许多新的种类。于是，关于动植物的新种类是如何产生的这个问题就有了答案：它们是从早期的祖先进化而来的。
这是一个全新的观点——进化论。达尔文在他的《物种起源》一书中对此进行了解释。这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起了轰动。很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他们对此感到震惊。然而达尔文的科学研究很有说服力，越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
如今，《物种起源》被认为是迄今为止最重要的著作之一。它彻底地改变了人类对于地球上生命的认识。而这一切都开始于贝格尔号的探索之旅。
Period 2
课文理解
Task 1 整体理解
Ⅰ．B
Ⅱ．1．medical 2．disgrace 3.1831 4．samples 5．evolved 6．evolution 7.1859 8．important
Task 2 细节理解
1－5 BCABD
Task 3 多维探究
略
课文精粹
Ⅰ．1．①遥远的 ②疏远的；冷淡的 ③远亲的 ④恍惚的
2．①n．样本 ②v．取样；采样 ③v．品尝；尝试 ④n．(化验的)取样
3．n．种子选手 4．v．逐步发展 5．v．产生
Ⅱ．1．first choice 2．medical school 3．what's more 4．of all time 5．look for 6．cause a storm 7．at the same time 8．be regarded as 9．begin with
Ⅲ．1．profit by the opportunity of 2．The person who answered the call 3．The young man in question；fascinated by 4．refused to believe；They were shocked
Ⅳ．1．分析：时间状语；并列；强调
翻译：1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
2．分析：宾语；非限制性定语；a common ancestor
翻译：达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛。
Ⅴ．1．to study 2．had not changed 3．to 4．was 5．finches 6．which 7．completely 8．including 9．that 10．written
8 / 8(共38张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 5
Revealing nature
主题语境 人与自然——自然科学研究成果
Period 2 课时练案 课文整体阅读(Understanding ideas)
√
Ⅰ．文章大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist．
B．Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his theory of evolution．
C．Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time．
D．Darwin's unlucky journey confirmed his theory that humans had evolved over time．
Ⅱ．篇章结构
medical
disgrace
1831
samples
evolved
evolution
1859
important
√
1．What do we know about Charles Darwin from the first paragraph
A．He was regarded too young at that time．
B．He didn't even finish his medical degree．
C．Darwin's father wrote to dissuade (劝阻) him．
D．He knew the captain of the Beagle very well．
√
2．Why did Darwin's book On the Origin of Species cause a storm
A．Because Darwin's father considered it a failure．
B．Because the book referred to something about humans．
C．Because people used to believe that all species had happened on Earth at the same time．
D．Because Darwin's theory was short of evidence．
3．Which words can be used to describe Charles Darwin
A．Observant and dedicated．
B．Diligent and humorous．
C．Devoted and warm-hearted．
D．Modest and responsible．
√
4．What did Charles Darwin base his theory on
A．Doing experiments．
B．Scientific research．
C．Traditional beliefs．
D．Famous sayings．
√
5．From which is the text probably taken
A．A news report．
B．A research paper．
C．A travel brochure．
D．A science magazine．
√
1．Why did Darwin's father think he was a disgrace to his family
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2．What's your understanding of the sentence in the third paragraph“It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．”？
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[答案] 略
Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．distant adj．遥远的；远处的；疏远的；冷淡的；不友好的；恍惚的；远亲的
①(教材原句)The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”． ______
②Jack sounded very cold and distant on the phone． ______________
遥远的
疏远的；冷淡的
③It was after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin． ______
④There was a distant look in her eyes；her mind was obviously on something else． ______
远亲的
恍惚的
2．sample n．样本，样品；(化验的)取样 v．品尝；尝试；取样；采样
①(教材原句)After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected． _______
②12% of the children sampled said they preferred cats to dogs． _____________
n．样本
v．取样；采样
③I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time． _____________
④They took samples from his hair for DNA testing． ________________
3．Turner's opponent in the quarter-final is the number one seed． ___________
4．The company has evolved over the years into a multi-million dollar organization． ___________
5．Wind turbines generate electricity for the local communities． _______
v．品尝；尝试
n．(化验的)取样
n．种子选手
v．逐步发展
v．产生
Ⅱ．词块积累
1．____________第一选择
2．______________医学院
3．____________更有甚者；而且
4．___________有史以来；自古以来
5．________寻找
first choice
medical school
what's more
of all time
look for
6．_____________引起轰动
7．________________同时
8．______________被认为是
9．__________开始于……
cause a storm
at the same time
be regarded as
begin with
Ⅲ．写作佳句
1．贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“____________________________ visiting distant countries yet little known”．
2．然而来应聘的人并不是船长心中的理想人选。
______________________________ was not the captain's first choice．
profit by the opportunity of
The person who answered the call
3．我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。
_________________________，Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，_____________ rocks，plants and animals．
4．很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他们对此感到震惊。
Many people __________________ that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．_________________．
The young man in question
fascinated by
refused to believe
They were shocked
Ⅳ．长难语句
1．When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most．
[分析] “When the Beagle...in 1835”为________从句；主句是由but连接的两个____句，其中第二个分句“it was the birds that interested him the most”为____句型。
[翻译] _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
时间状语
并列
强调
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
2．Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．
[分析] 句子的主干为“Darwin suspected”，其后的“that the finches...ancestor”为____从句，“which had arrived...before”为____________从句，修饰先行词_________________。
[翻译] ____________________________________________________________________________________
宾语
非限制性定语
a common ancestor
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛。
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance 1．________ (study) various living things in their natural environments．
to study
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time，and 2．_______________ (change) since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 3．__ each other．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，it 4．___ (be) the birds that interested Darwin the most．He suspected that the 5．_______ (finch) had evolved from a common ancestor，6．_____ had arrived on the islands a long time before．
had not changed
to
was
finches
which
It was a 7．__________ (complete) new idea—a theory of evolution．Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species．Many people refused to believe that living things，8．_________ (include) humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing 9．____ more and more people started to believe his theory．
Today，the book is regarded as one of the most important works ever 10．_______ (write)．
completely
including
that
written
①distant countries yet little known 遥远而鲜为人知的国度
②answer the call 响应号召
③one's first choice某人的首选
④what's more更有甚者；而且
⑤one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time有史以来最重要的科学发现之一
⑥in question讨论中的，有疑问
⑦Charles Darwin
查尔斯·达尔文(1809年2月12日至1882年4月19日)，英国生物学家，进化论的奠基人，出版《物种起源》。
⑧(be) fascinated by对……入迷；被……迷住
⑨be crowded with堆满；挤满；充满
⑩come to exist 出现；产生
at the same time同时
be similar to 和……相似
adapt to their changing environments适应它们不断变化的环境
Galápagos Islands加拉帕戈斯群岛
a variety of new species各种各样的新物种
according to 根据，按照
over time随着时间推移
the answer to...……的答案
a theory of evolution进化论
be regarded as 被认为是
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known①”．The person who answered the call② was not the captain's first choice③．It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree．What's more④，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．[1]Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time⑤．
[1]句中的that he would be...是that引导的宾语从句，作predicting的宾语。
The young man in question⑥，Charles Darwin⑦，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by⑧ rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments．After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with⑨ samples of the plants and animals he had collected．As he studied these，he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist⑩？
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time ，and had not changed since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other．Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments ？It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species ，but it was the birds that interested him the most[2]．Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands．It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island．[3]
[2]此处“it was...that...”为强调句型，强调主语the birds。
[3]句中的what引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．[4]Over time ，it had slowly evolved into many new species．And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from earlier ancestors．
[4]that引导宾语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a common ancestor。
It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution ．Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species[5]．It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm．Many people refused to believe that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．They were shocked．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory．[6]
[5]On the Origin of Species是his book的同位语。
[6]so...that...“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written [7]．It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever．And it all began with the journey on the Beagle．
[7]ever written为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰works，相当于定语从句that were ever written。
发现之旅
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”。然而来应聘的人并不是船长心中的理想人选。这个年轻人从医学院肄业，并且在他刚收到的家书中，父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻辱”。尽管如此，他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来最重要的一项科学发现
我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831年，他搭乘贝格尔号从英格兰启程。这趟旅程给了他研究自然环境中各种生物的契机。在南美洲度过一段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。当他研究这些样本时，他产生了疑问：这些不同的物种是如何产生的？
当时，人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现在地球上的，并从此再无变化。但达尔文开始有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物种的动物彼此间很相似。也许动物为了适应不断变化的环境会逐渐进化？虽然这只是一个设想，但足够鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔文注意到，在群岛中的每一个小岛上，雀鸟之间有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来到这片群岛，随着时间推移，慢慢进化成许多新的种类。于是，关于动植物的新种类是如何产生的这个问题就有了答案：它们是从早期的祖先进化而来的。
这是一个全新的观点——进化论。达尔文在他的《物种起源》一书中对此进行了解释。这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起了轰动。很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他们对此感到震惊。然而达尔文的科学研究很有说服力，越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
如今，《物种起源》被认为是迄今为止最重要的著作之一。它彻底地改变了人类对于地球上生命的认识。而这一切都开始于贝格尔号的探索之旅。
谢 谢！
