Period 4 单元语法讲练(Using language)
非谓语动词作表语
美文诵读 语法体悟
Jimmy and Mason were friends．Jimmy's job was ①working on the farm while Mason's job was ②serving as a manager in a big company．Jimmy's work was very ③interesting and he was very ④relaxed and happy every day．He was ⑤delighted to lead a peaceful life，though he had no money．However，though earning a lot of money，Mason was extremely ⑥stressed every day．He was always ⑦worried that someone was ⑧to break into his house and steal his money．He was ⑨tired of his life．How he envied Jimmy！ 语段中的斜体部分均在句中作表语，其中①②③是动词-ing形式在句中作表语；④⑤⑥⑦⑨是动词-ed形式在句中作表语；⑧是动词不定式在句中作表语。
一、动词不定式(短语)作表语
1．动词不定式作表语时表示预定将要发生的动作，或表示未来的可能性或假设。
You must speak out，if we are to remain friends．
如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你必须说出来。
2．当主语是aim，purpose，idea，plan，wish，decision，choice等词时，常用不定式作表语。
His wish is to be a doctor in the future．
他的愿望是将来当一名医生。
3．动词不定式有时还可以放在seem，appear，prove等系动词后作表语。
He seemed not to notice the man next to him．
他似乎没有注意到他旁边的那个人。
4．动词不定式作表语时，如果前面有实义动词do，does，did或不定式to do，作表语的不定式常省略to。
What I want to do most in senior high is (to) improve my English．
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
[名师点津] (1)在what引导的主语从句中，如果do用于完成时态，可以用带to或不带to的不定式作表语；也可以用动词-ed形式作表语。
What he has done is (to) spoil/spoilt the whole thing．
他所做的是要把整个事情毁掉。
(2)在what引导的主语从句中，如果do用于进行时态，作表语的动词要用动词-ing形式。
What he is doing is spoiling the whole thing．
他正在做的是把整个事情毁掉。
单句写作
①(应用文写作之人物介绍)他的工作是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动乐谱的页码。
His job is ____________ beside the pianist and ____________ the pages of the score．
②(应用文写作之建议信)如果你想要成功，就必须有耐心和毅力。
You must be patient and persistent if ____________________．
③(读后续写之人物描写)她要照顾孩子们。
She is _____________________________________________________________________.
④我们必须要做的是完成最后一点工作。
What we have to do is ________________ the last bit of work．
⑤(应用文写作之活动介绍)这次活动的目的是为医疗用品筹集资金。
The purpose of the occasion was ____________________ for medical supplies．
二、动词-ing形式作表语
1．动词-ing形式作表语时，多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容，句子主语常是无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible．
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job．
她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。
What I hate most is being laughed at in public．
＝Being laughed at in public is what I hate most．
我最痛恨的就是在公共场合被别人嘲笑。
2．一些动词-ing 形式的词已经形容词化，作表语时具有形容词的性质，可以用副词修饰，也可以构成比较级形式，能够说明主语的性质、特征等。常见的此类词汇有：moving，convincing，interesting，entertaining，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等，它们有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。
The argument is very convincing．
这个论点非常有说服力。
His performance is very entertaining，which brings us much pleasure．
他的表演非常有趣，给我们带来了很多乐趣。
[名师点津] 不定式作表语和动词-ing形式作表语的区别：
不定式作表语强调的是一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作；动词-ing形式作表语强调的是一般性的、抽象性的动作，不特指某一次。
His job is to paint the walls．
他的工作是粉刷这些墙壁。
(不定式短语to paint the walls作表语，表示一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作。)
His job is teaching English．
他的工作是教英语。
( 动词-ing形式短语 teaching English作表语，表示一般性的、抽象性的动作，不特指某一次。)
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Travelling is ____________ (interest) but tiring，too．
②More than half of Australian homes are still ____________ (choose) to stick with their home phone．
③What we expect from you is ____________ (work) hard rather than hardly working．
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)他们的工作是制造轮椅。
Their job is _________________________________________________________.
⑤(应用文写作之人物介绍)他的习惯是晚饭后遛狗。
His habit is _________________________________________________________ after supper．
⑥(读后续写之主旨升华)帮助别人就是帮助你自己。
Helping others is _______________________________________________________.
三、动词-ed形式作表语
1．动词-ed形式作表语时，表示主语所处的状态。
The door is locked．
门是锁着的。
2．作表语并且形式上为动词-ed形式的词汇中，有不少已经形容词化，它们可以被副词修饰，并可用于比较结构。常见的此类词汇有：amazed，amused，astonished，bored，broken，closed，decided，moved，delighted，tired，devoted，known等。
When we heard of it，we were deeply moved．
当我们听到这件事时，我们深受感动。
Finally，the baby felt tired of playing with those toys．
最后，婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。
3．动词-ed形式作表语时与被动语态的区别：
动词-ed形式作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。试比较：
The book is well written．
这本书写得好。
The book was written by a worker．
这本书是由一位工人写的。
单句语法填空
①The pupils will get ____________ (confuse) if they are made to learn too much．
②I was extremely ____________ (inspire) by the elegant way the words sounded．
③She felt ____________ (satisfy) with her performance on the high-and-low bars．
④I felt ____________ (bore)．No energy，no motivation and zero fulfillment(满足感)．
⑤My wife was ____________ (delight) that things had returned to normal once more．
1．(教材原句)Art exhibitions can have many themes，such as a historical period，a location or a trend．
*trend n．趋势，动向，倾向
a/the trend towards... …… 的趋势
start/set a new trend of... 开创……的新潮流
follow the trend 跟随潮流
reverse a/the trend 使趋势逆转，扭转趋势
on trend 流行的
单句语法填空/单句写作
①There has been a trend ____________ hiring younger，cheaper employees in this company．
②Her long skirt is right ____________ trend this winter．
③(应用文写作之介绍信)这部电影开创了动作影片的新潮流。
This film ____________________________________ action movies．
④这个地区出现了越来越早的退休趋势。
There is ________________________ earlier retirement in this area．
2．(教材原句)Contrast achieved with the lifeless objects and the grass leaves．
*contrast n．反差，对比 v．使成对比，对照，形成对照
(1)by/in contrast 相比之下
in contrast with/to... 与……形成对比
(对照)；与……相反
make a contrast with 与……形成对比
(2)contrast...with... 把……和……相对比
contrast with... 与……形成对比
单句语法填空/单句写作
①In contrast ____________ other stories，folk tales are more attractive to children．
②____________ contrast，Mrs Yang was much more easy-going．
③Contrast fresh vegetables ____________ frozen ones，and you'll find the fresh ones taste better．
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)他是一位上了年纪的农民，花白的头发与黝黑的皮肤形成鲜明的对比。
He is an elderly farmer，whose gray hair __________________________________ dark skin．
词汇 1．abstract adj．抽象(派)的 2．awe-inspiring adj．令人起敬的，令人钦佩的 3．innovative adj．新颖的，创新的
微练 1．美的概念相当抽象，而且因人而异。 The concept of beauty is ______________ and can vary from person to person． 2．暴风雨中海洋的力量是一种令人敬畏的景象，让人意识到大自然的力量。 The power of the ocean during a storm ________________________ that makes one realize the forces of nature． 3．该研究项目旨在开发可再生能源的创新技术。 The research project ____________________________________ for renewable energy．
(教材原句)It wasn't until we went on a trip to The Hague last year that this dream came true!
*not until的强调句
(1)“not...until...”句式，意为“直到……才……”。
(2)not until句型的强调句需要把not until全放到被强调部分，其结构为“It is/was not until...＋that...”。
(3)not until的倒装结构：Not until＋状语/状语从句＋部分倒装。
单句写作/同义句转换
①直到我离开家乡，我才明白我有多爱它。
________________________ did I understand how much I loved it．
②(读后续写之主旨升华)直到那时，我才意识到诚实很重要。
________________________ I realized honesty does count．
③I didn't realize how important working with my own hands was until I took part in the picking activity．
→________________________________________ I realized how important working with my own hands was．(强调句)
→________________________________________ I realize how important working with my own hands was．(倒装句)
Period 4
语法精讲
即时训练1
①to sit；turn ②you are to succeed ③to look after the children ④(to) finish ⑤to raise money
即时训练2
①interesting ②choosing ③working ④making wheelchairs ⑤walking the dog ⑥helping yourself
即时训练3
①confused ②inspired ③satisfied ④bored ⑤delighted
核心词汇
1．①towards ②on ③started/set a new trend of ④a growing trend towards
2．①with/to ②By/In ③with ④contrasts sharply with/makes a sharp contrast with
要点拾遗
1．rather abstract 2．is an awe-inspiring sight 3．aims to develop innovative technologies
句法句式
①Not until I left my hometown ②It was not until then that ③It wasn't until I took part in the picking activity that；Not until I took part in the picking activity did
1 / 7(共81张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 4
Meeting the muse
Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Using language)
主题语境 人与社会——雕塑、音乐、舞蹈领域的人物及其作品
非谓语动词作表语
美文诵读
Jimmy and Mason were friends．Jimmy's job was ①working on the farm while Mason's job was ②serving as a manager in a big company．Jimmy's work was very ③interesting and he was very ④relaxed and happy every day．He was ⑤delighted to lead a peaceful life，though he had no money．However，though earning a lot of money，Mason was extremely ⑥stressed every day．He was always ⑦worried that someone was ⑧to break into his house and steal his money．He was ⑨tired of his life．How he envied Jimmy！
语法体悟
语段中的斜体部分均在句中作表语，其中①②③是动词-ing形式在句中作表语；④⑤⑥⑦⑨是动词-ed形式在句中作表语；⑧是动词不定式在句中作表语。
一、动词不定式(短语)作表语
1．动词不定式作表语时表示预定将要发生的动作，或表示未来的可能性或假设。
You must speak out，if we are to remain friends．
如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你必须说出来。
2．当主语是aim，purpose，idea，plan，wish，decision，choice等词时，常用不定式作表语。
His wish is to be a doctor in the future．
他的愿望是将来当一名医生。
3．动词不定式有时还可以放在seem，appear，prove等系动词后作表语。
He seemed not to notice the man next to him．
他似乎没有注意到他旁边的那个人。
4．动词不定式作表语时，如果前面有实义动词do，does，did或不定式to do，作表语的不定式常省略to。
What I want to do most in senior high is (to) improve my English．
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
[名师点津] (1)在what引导的主语从句中，如果do用于完成时态，可以用带to或不带to的不定式作表语；也可以用动词-ed形式作表语。
What he has done is (to) spoil/spoilt the whole thing．
他所做的是要把整个事情毁掉。
(2)在what引导的主语从句中，如果do用于进行时态，作表语的动词要用动词-ing形式。
What he is doing is spoiling the whole thing．
他正在做的是把整个事情毁掉。
即时训练1 单句写作
①(应用文写作之人物介绍)他的工作是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动乐谱的页码。
His job is ______ beside the pianist and ____ the pages of the score．
②(应用文写作之建议信)如果你想要成功，就必须有耐心和毅力。
You must be patient and persistent if __________________．
③(读后续写之人物描写)她要照顾孩子们。
She is __________________________．
to sit
turn
you are to succeed
to look after the children
④我们必须要做的是完成最后一点工作。
What we have to do is _____________ the last bit of work．
⑤(应用文写作之活动介绍)这次活动的目的是为医疗用品筹集资金。
The purpose of the occasion was _____________ for medical supplies．
(to) finish
to raise money
二、动词-ing形式作表语
1．动词-ing形式作表语时，多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容，句子主语常是无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible．
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job．
她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。
What I hate most is being laughed at in public．
＝Being laughed at in public is what I hate most．
我最痛恨的就是在公共场合被别人嘲笑。
2．一些动词-ing 形式的词已经形容词化，作表语时具有形容词的性质，可以用副词修饰，也可以构成比较级形式，能够说明主语的性质、特征等。常见的此类词汇有：moving，convincing，interesting，entertaining，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等，它们有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。
The argument is very convincing．
这个论点非常有说服力。
His performance is very entertaining，which brings us much pleasure．
他的表演非常有趣，给我们带来了很多乐趣。
[名师点津] 不定式作表语和动词-ing形式作表语的区别：
不定式作表语强调的是一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作；动词-ing形式作表语强调的是一般性的、抽象性的动作，不特指某一次。
His job is to paint the walls．
他的工作是粉刷这些墙壁。
(不定式短语to paint the walls作表语，表示一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作。)
His job is teaching English．
他的工作是教英语。
( 动词-ing形式短语 teaching English作表语，表示一般性的、抽象性的动作，不特指某一次。)
即时训练2 单句语法填空/单句写作
①Travelling is ___________ (interest) but tiring，too．
②More than half of Australian homes are still ________ (choose) to stick with their home phone．
③What we expect from you is _______ (work) hard rather than hardly working．
interesting
choosing
working
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)他们的工作是制造轮椅。
Their job is __________________．
⑤(应用文写作之人物介绍)他的习惯是晚饭后遛狗。
His habit is _______________ after supper．
⑥(读后续写之主旨升华)帮助别人就是帮助你自己。
Helping others is ________________．
making wheelchairs
walking the dog
helping yourself
三、动词-ed形式作表语
1．动词-ed形式作表语时，表示主语所处的状态。
The door is locked．
门是锁着的。
2．作表语并且形式上为动词-ed形式的词汇中，有不少已经形容词化，它们可以被副词修饰，并可用于比较结构。常见的此类词汇有：amazed，amused，astonished，bored，broken，closed，decided，moved，delighted，tired，devoted，known等。
When we heard of it，we were deeply moved．
当我们听到这件事时，我们深受感动。
Finally，the baby felt tired of playing with those toys．
最后，婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。
3．动词-ed形式作表语时与被动语态的区别：
动词-ed形式作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。试比较：
The book is well written．
这本书写得好。
The book was written by a worker．
这本书是由一位工人写的。
即时训练3 单句语法填空
①The pupils will get ________ (confuse) if they are made to learn too much．
②I was extremely ________ (inspire) by the elegant way the words sounded．
③She felt _________ (satisfy) with her performance on the high-and-low bars．
confused
inspired
satisfied
④I felt _____ (bore)．No energy，no motivation and zero fulfillment (满足感)．
⑤My wife was _________ (delight) that things had returned to normal once more．
bored
delighted
1．(教材原句)Art exhibitions can have many themes，such as a historical period，a location or a trend．
*trend n．趋势，动向，倾向
a/the trend towards... ……的趋势
start/set a new trend of... 开创……的新潮流
follow the trend 跟随潮流
reverse a/the trend 使趋势逆转，扭转趋势
on trend 流行的
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①There has been a trend _______ hiring younger，cheaper employees in this company．
②Her long skirt is right __ trend this winter．
③(应用文写作之介绍信)这部电影开创了动作影片的新潮流。
This film ___________________________ action movies．
④这个地区出现了越来越早的退休趋势。
There is _______________________ earlier retirement in this area．
towards
on
started/set a new trend of
a growing trend towards
2．(教材原句)Contrast achieved with the lifeless objects and the grass leaves．
*contrast n．反差，对比 v．使成对比，对照，形成对照
(1)by/in contrast 相比之下
in contrast with/to... 与……形成对比(对照)；与……相反
make a contrast with 与……形成对比
(2)contrast...with... 把……和……相对比
contrast with... 与……形成对比
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①In contrast ________ other stories，folk tales are more attractive to children．
②______ contrast，Mrs Yang was much more easy-going．
③Contrast fresh vegetables ____ frozen ones，and you'll find the fresh ones taste better．
with/to
By/In
with
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)他是一位上了年纪的农民，花白的头发与黝黑的皮肤形成鲜明的对比。
He is an elderly farmer，whose gray hair _________________________
_________________ dark skin．
contrasts sharply with/makes a
sharp contrast with
词汇 1．abstract adj．抽象(派)的
2．awe-inspiring adj．令人起敬的，令人钦佩的
3．innovative adj．新颖的，创新的
微练 1．美的概念相当抽象，而且因人而异。
The concept of beauty is _______________ and can vary from person to person．
2．暴风雨中海洋的力量是一种令人敬畏的景象，让人意识到大自然的力量。
The power of the ocean during a storm ____________________
that makes one realize the forces of nature．
rather abstract
is an awe-inspiring sight
微练 3．该研究项目旨在开发可再生能源的创新技术。
The research project ___________________________________ for renewable energy．
aims to develop innovative technologies
(教材原句)It wasn't until we went on a trip to The Hague last year that this dream came true!
*not until的强调句
(1)“not...until...”句式，意为“直到……才……”。
(2)not until句型的强调句需要把not until全放到被强调部分，其结构为“It is/was not until...＋that...”。
(3)not until的倒装结构：Not until＋状语/状语从句＋部分倒装。
即学即练 单句写作/同义句转换
①直到我离开家乡，我才明白我有多爱它。
___________________________ did I understand how much I loved it．
②(读后续写之主旨升华)直到那时，我才意识到诚实很重要。
__________________________ I realized honesty does count．
Not until I left my hometown
It was not until then that
③I didn't realize how important working with my own hands was until I took part in the picking activity．
→_____________________________________________ I realized how important working with my own hands was．(强调句)
→_____________________________________________ I realize how important working with my own hands was．(倒装句)
It wasn't until I took part in the picking activity that
Not until I took part in the picking activity did
课时提升作业(十一) (Unit 4 Using language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：88分)
Ⅰ．品句填词/单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．The poem is full of ________ (抽象的) imagery that leaves a lot to the reader's imagination．
2．Their team came up with an __________ (创新的) solution to the complex engineering problem．
abstract
innovative
3．In ________ (对比) to her sister，she is very outgoing and sociable．
4．We must connect this ____ (电线) with that one．
5．Business in China is booming，and that _____ (趋势) is expected to grow．
6．As a student in senior high school，the most important task is ________ (study) hard，which determines our future．
7．The best way to relax，especially after a long and tiring day at work or school，is _________ (listen) to music．
contrast
wire
to study
to listen
trend
8．The speech was so _________ (inspire) that they were all excited about it．
9．By contrast，the difference between the two methods appears _____ (be) distinct．
10．To my sadness，my favorite cup was ______ (break)．
inspiring
to be
broken
Ⅱ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．这条狗太可怕了，以至于小女孩哭了。
The dog was ___________________ the little girl burst into tears．
2．该活动的目的是提高人们的环保意识。
The aim of the activity is ______________________________________
_____________________．
3．我从他脸上可以看出，他对我做的很满意。
I could tell from his face that he _______________________________．
so frightening that
to promote people's awareness of
was satisfied with what I had done
environmental protection
4．比赛定于12月10日举行。
The competition _______________________ on December 10th．
5．得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加一场中国画比赛。
Knowing that ___________________________________，I'm writing to invite you to join in a Chinese Painting Competition．
is scheduled to be held
you are interested in Chinese painting
Ⅲ．语法填空(共7小题；每小题1.5分，满分10.5分)
In a small town，a young man seemed very 1．_________ (depress)，because his father wanted him to make a decision on his future career．The young man's wish was 2．_________ (become) a skillful worker．However，his father was very 3．____________ (disappoint)．The father's hope was 4．__________ (develop) his son into a famous doctor．In his eyes，the doctor's job is 5．______ (save) people's life．The father was old and he was not 6．_____ (be) a doctor，so he tried to persuade his son to do that．After half a year，the young man finally agreed that he would be a doctor，because he had realized that being a doctor was 7．_________ (inspire)．
depressed
to become
disappointed
to develop
saving
to be
inspiring
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
“Is it art？”Tyka，an artist and software engineer，asked the audience at Christie's 2019 Art＋ Tech Summit in New York in June 2019．The event's theme was“The AI Revolution”and Tyka was referring to artwork created using artificial intelligence．He flashed an image of a urinal (男用小便池) on two large screens at either side of the stage—Marcel Duchamp's famous and controversial sculpture Fountain．The audience laughed．“Obviously，it can be，”he said．
However，many in the art community are wrestling with several unanswered questions after an algorithm-generated print that resembled 19th century European portraits was sold for $432，500．For example：When artwork is accomplished by means of the algorithm (算法)，who is the artist—the programmer or the computer Because many works of AI art are digital，how do you value a creation that's designed to live natively on the Internet and be widely shared And where，exactly，is the market for this new kind of work headed？There are few clear answers．
Claire Marmion，the founder and CEO of Haven Art Group，says collectors are still trying to figure out where the market for AI art is heading，and that it may not be the disruptive (破坏性的) force that some think it will be．Or，at least，the industry will adapt to it．
Mario Klingemann，whose work was sold by Sotheby's，prefers the term“generative art”，which includes all works created using algorithms，and believes the current buzz will eventually die down，otherwise AI art isn't going anywhere．Instead，he thinks it will one day be viewed as simply another tool of the artist．
“Just like photography never goes away，or making movies doesn't，I'm pretty sure it will establish itself as a new media format，”he says．“Right now，of course，it's all this mystery about AI，but I expect this to become really just a normal thing，where people will focus on what artists are actually saying with their art．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们对人工智能艺术作品的价值、意义及发展方向的看法。
1．What's the function of the first paragraph
A．To show what art is．
B．To entertain readers．
C．To explain the event's theme．
D．To lead to the topic of the passage．
√
D [推理判断题。文章第一段描述了艺术家兼软件工程师Tyka向观众展示使用人工智能创作的艺术作品并向观众提问的场景；第二段则承接第一段，开始介绍与当前人工智能艺术作品有关的一些令人困惑的问题。由此推知，第一段起到引出本文话题的作用。故选D。]
2．What makes people in the art industry feel confused
A．Who is the real creator of a piece of AI artwork
B．Where the market for AI artwork is located
C．How to sell AI artwork at a high price
D．How to share AI artwork
√
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When artwork is accomplished by means of the algorithm，who is the artist—the programmer or the computer？”可知，艺术行业的人们对“谁是人工智能艺术作品的真正创作者？”感到困惑。故选A。]
3．Which can best explain the underlined word“buzz”in paragraph 4
A．Excitement． B．Objection．
C．Revolution． D．Controversy．
√
D [词义猜测题。第四段主要阐述了Klingemann对这种艺术作品的看法，结合该段中的“Instead，he thinks it will one day be viewed as simply another tool of the artist．”可知，他对这种艺术形式持支持态度，故推断画线词所在句是说他认为当前对于人工智能艺术作品的争论终会平息。画线词buzz与D项“争论”意思相近。故选D。]
4．What does Klingemann think about AI art
A．Its future is unclear．
B．It will disturb the traditional art industry．
C．It will be as common as photography and movies．
D．It will be applied to photography and film industry．
√
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘Just like photography never goes away，or making movies doesn't，I'm pretty sure it will establish itself as a new media format，’he says．”和“I expect this to become really just a normal thing”可知，Klingemann认为人工智能艺术将像摄影和电影一样成为一种常见的媒体形式。故选C。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
It can be hard to come up with original ideas when creating art．However，there are things that you can do to get over your artist's block and create new，unique art，whether you're painting，drawing，sculpting or doing anything else．
Listen to music．If you find that you need some help in getting inspired，try listening to music as you create art，particularly the music that you like，and the music that suits the atmosphere of the piece you are trying to create．This method works well for some people．However，others might need complete silence in order to work． 1 _
Get ideas from other people's art． 2 You can then attempt to copy the style，but with a twist of your own，to help get you inspired．Watching how other people shape and uniquely craft their art can help to inspire you and may help you to improve in drawing．
3 If you've been trying too hard to be inspired and keep drawing a blank，it's time to pull back．Even if you take a break for a month or so，you will come back refreshed and ready to create again．
Learn all over again． 4 If you're having an artist's block，the problem might just be that you've run out of things to do and you find yourself creating the same thing over and over again．If this is the case，it's time to look up some tutorials or do the copy from the reference method．
Be sure not to copy other people's artwork．Copying others'art for the sake of learning to draw is fine as long as you don't take credit for it． 5 You can't just draw what they've drawn and then change the colours up a little or add a few minor details in to make it yours．
A．Take a break．
B．Work to your own preference．
C．Put your heart to your art．
D．Learn to do new things with your art．
E．Observe how other artists do their artworks．
F．Ask advice from other artists for your art．
G．Use other artists'art as inspiration for your own．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在创作灵感枯竭时怎样获得灵感。
1．B [根据上文可知，获得灵感的方式是因人而异的。B项“按照自己的喜好工作。”承接上文，符合文意。故选B。]
2．E [上文“Get ideas from other people's art．”提议大家可以通过别人的艺术获得灵感，下文“You can then attempt to copy the style”指出可以尝试模仿这种风格，E项“观察其他艺术家如何创作他们的艺术作品。”承上启下，符合文意。故选E。]
3．A [下文指出没有灵感的时候需要休息一下，A项“休息一下。”符合文意，引出下文对于休息的进一步说明。故选A。]
4．D [根据上文“Learn all over again．”以及下文“it's time to look up some tutorials or do the copy from the reference method”可知，本段提议大家不要一直创造相同的东西。D项“学会用你的艺术做新的事情。”承上启下，符合文意。故选D。]
5．G [上文“Copying others'art for the sake of learning to draw is fine as long as you don't take credit for it．”指出，为了学习可以适当借鉴他人的艺术。G项“使用其他艺术家的艺术作为你自己的灵感。”承接上文，符合文意。故选G。]
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Music is part of every culture on the Earth，which can be pleasant，sad，romantic，sleepy，healing—all kinds of things．But what is it Some people call it an art that sounds 1 time．Our ears receive it as loud or 2 ，high or low，rapid and short，or slow and fast．The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become 3 ．
Music，like 4 ，is a human form of communication．As with language，there are many different kinds．In North America，people listen to jazz，rock，classical，folk，country，and many other kinds of music．Each kind of music has its own rules and“ 5 ”to us in its own way．
No one knows for sure when music 6 ．Perhaps while working，people sang to make it go faster．People who were 7 movements—picking crops or rowing boats，for example—could sing in time 8 for the work．Navajo Indians，for example，had corn-grinding songs．
Over time，people 9 musical instruments．They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their 10 ．Sticks and objects that rattled (格格作响) could have 11 the human body as early 12 ．Both instruments and music became more complex (复杂) with time．
Today，music in many cultures consists of art music and music of the people．Art music，which we call classical music，is more 13 than the music of the people— 14 music and popular music．Art music is generally harder to write and perform．Musicians who perform it need a lot of 15 ．Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create，perform，and understand．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乐器的起源及其发展历史。
1．A．in B．over
C．against D．across
√
D [ across time表示“跨越时间”，此处指“音乐被称为跨越时间的声音艺术”，即在不同时间都可以响起。]
2．A．small B．noisy
C．soft D．distant
√
C [根据后面的提示“high or low...”可知，此处用soft和loud对应。]
3．A．music B．tunes
C．symphonies D．masterpieces
√
A [本句意为“声音要成为音乐，需要以某种模式持续一段时间”。此处描述了声音是如何演变成音乐的。]
4．A．breath B．jazz
C．chorus D．language
√
D [根据下文的“As with language”可知，此处是用音乐和语言作比较。]
5．A．weeps B．turns
C．speaks D．whispers
√
C [本句表示“每种音乐都有自己的规则，并以它自己的方式跟我们‘对话’。”即音乐的声音如同在跟我们讲话，此处用speak对应上文的“a human form of communication”。]
6．A．recorded B．began
C．composed D．transformed
√
B [根据下文可以判断，本段介绍了音乐是何时开始的。]
7．A．possessing B．accompanying
C．combining D．repeating
√
D [根据下文列举的例子“收庄稼和划船”可知，这些都是“重复动作”的劳作，即人们在重复动作中歌唱以便让工作进行得快些。]
8．A．gifted B．particular
C．suitable D．dramatic
√
C [根据上一题可知，人们不断重复劳作的时候可以唱出与工作相适配的节拍。]
9．A．defended B．developed
C．deserved D．guaranteed
√
B [根据下文可知，本段讲述了乐器的形成。]
10．A．feet B．faces
C．volumes D．rhythms
√
A [根据上文的“clapping their hands”可知，此处应用feet与之对应。]
11．A．overcome B．swept
C．replaced D．steamed
√
C [本句是讲发出“嘎嘎”声的棍棒和物品取代了人体作为乐器使用。]
12．A．images B．adaptation
C．music D．instruments
√
D [参见上题解析。]
13．A．essential B．impressive
C．unusual D．complicated
√
D [根据下文的“harder”可知，此处指“更复杂的”。]
14．A．folk B．rural
C．jazz D．grand
√
A [结合空格所在句和下文的“Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create，perform，and understand．”可知，此处是指一般老百姓可以欣赏的民间音乐。]
15．A．training B．encouragement
C．reputation D．expectation
√
A [根据上文的“harder to write and perform”可知，此处表示“需要大量训练”。]
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Paper cutting is one of China's most popular folk arts．Archaeological finds show that the tradition started in the 1．_______ (six) century；it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries 2．__________ (early)．
Paper cuttings have special 3．____________ (important) at festivals and on holidays．4．________ (get) rid of the old and bring good luck，people put up paper cuttings 5．____ the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival．
sixth
earlier
importance
To get
on
There are two methods of making paper cuttings—by using scissors or knives．As the name suggests，scissors cuttings are made with scissors．Several pieces of paper (up to eight pieces) 6．__________ (place) together．The patterns are then cut with pointed scissors．Knife cuttings are made by putting several pieces of paper on a table．Following a pattern，the artist cuts the patterns into 7．______ paper with a knife．
are placed
the
In the past，paper cuttings were usually made only by women and 8．_______ (girl)．They used scissors and paper to cut all kinds of pictures such as apple trees，peach blossoms，mice，fighting roosters and rabbits 9．_________ (eat) carrots．
girls
eating
This used to be one of the skills that every girl had to master．Professional paper cutting artists are，on the other hand，almost always men 10．________ can make a living by working together in workshops．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最流行的民间艺术之一——剪纸的重要性、操作方法以及特点。
who/that
1．sixth [考查序数词。句意：考古发现表明，这一传统始于第六世纪，人们甚至认为，剪纸的起源甚至还要早几个世纪。结合句意可知，此处表示“第六世纪”，应用序数词sixth。故填sixth。]
2．earlier [考查形容词的比较等级。结合语境可知，此处表示“更早”，应用early的比较级形式earlier。故填earlier。]
3．importance [考查词性转换。空处作宾语，用名词importance，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填importance。]
4．To get [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语put up，此处作目的状语，应用不定式，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填To get。]
5．on [考查介词。结合句意可知，此处表示“在……上张贴”，应用短语put up sth．on。故填on。]
6．are placed [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实用一般现在时；主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为Several pieces of paper，故谓语用复数。故填are placed。]
7．the [考查冠词。paper在此处为特指，应用定冠词。故填the。]
8．girls [考查名词复数。girl为可数名词，结合空前的“women and”可知，应用复数。故填girls。]
9．eating [考查非谓语动词。此处为动词-ing形式的复合结构作介词的宾语，故eat应用动词-ing形式。故填eating。]
10．who/that [考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词men，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十一)
(Unit 4 Using language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：88分)
Ⅰ．品句填词/单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．The poem is full of ____________ (抽象的) imagery that leaves a lot to the reader's imagination．
2．Their team came up with an ____________ (创新的) solution to the complex engineering problem．
3．In ____________ (对比) to her sister，she is very outgoing and sociable．
4．We must connect this _______________ (电线) with that one．
5．Business in China is booming，and that ____________(趋势) is expected to grow．
6．As a student in senior high school，the most important task is ____________ (study) hard，which determines our future．
7．The best way to relax，especially after a long and tiring day at work or school，is ____________ (listen) to music．
8．The speech was so ____________ (inspire) that they were all excited about it．
9．By contrast，the difference between the two methods appears ____________ (be) distinct．
10．To my sadness，my favorite cup was ____________ (break)．
Ⅱ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．这条狗太可怕了，以至于小女孩哭了。
The dog was ____________________ the little girl burst into tears．
2．该活动的目的是提高人们的环保意识。
The aim of the activity is ___________________________．
3．我从他脸上可以看出，他对我做的很满意。
I could tell from his face that he _____________________________.
4．比赛定于12月10日举行。
The competition ________________________ on December 10th．
5．得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加一场中国画比赛。
Knowing that ____________________________________，I'm writing to invite you to join in a Chinese Painting Competition．
Ⅲ．语法填空(共7小题；每小题1.5分，满分10.5分)
In a small town，a young man seemed very 1．____________ (depress)，because his father wanted him to make a decision on his future career．The young man's wish was 2．____________ (become) a skillful worker．However，his father was very 3．__________ (disappoint)．The father's hope was 4．__________ (develop) his son into a famous doctor．In his eyes，the doctor's job is 5．____________ (save) people's life．The father was old and he was not 6．____________ (be) a doctor，so he tried to persuade his son to do that．After half a year，the young man finally agreed that he would be a doctor，because he had realized that being a doctor was 7．____________ (inspire)．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
“Is it art？”Tyka，an artist and software engineer，asked the audience at Christie's 2019 Art＋ Tech Summit in New York in June 2019．The event's theme was“The AI Revolution”and Tyka was referring to artwork created using artificial intelligence．He flashed an image of a urinal(男用小便池) on two large screens at either side of the stage—Marcel Duchamp's famous and controversial sculpture Fountain．The audience laughed．“Obviously，it can be，”he said．
However，many in the art community are wrestling with several unanswered questions after an algorithm-generated print that resembled 19th century European portraits was sold for $432，500．For example：When artwork is accomplished by means of the algorithm(算法)，who is the artist—the programmer or the computer Because many works of AI art are digital，how do you value a creation that's designed to live natively on the Internet and be widely shared And where，exactly，is the market for this new kind of work headed？There are few clear answers．
Claire Marmion，the founder and CEO of Haven Art Group，says collectors are still trying to figure out where the market for AI art is heading，and that it may not be the disruptive (破坏性的) force that some think it will be．Or，at least，the industry will adapt to it．
Mario Klingemann，whose work was sold by Sotheby's，prefers the term“generative art”，which includes all works created using algorithms，and believes the current buzz will eventually die down，otherwise AI art isn't going anywhere．Instead，he thinks it will one day be viewed as simply another tool of the artist．
“Just like photography never goes away，or making movies doesn't，I'm pretty sure it will establish itself as a new media format，”he says．“Right now，of course，it's all this mystery about AI，but I expect this to become really just a normal thing，where people will focus on what artists are actually saying with their art．”
1．What's the function of the first paragraph
A．To show what art is．
B．To entertain readers．
C．To explain the event's theme．
D．To lead to the topic of the passage．
2．What makes people in the art industry feel confused
A．Who is the real creator of a piece of AI artwork
B．Where the market for AI artwork is located
C．How to sell AI artwork at a high price
D．How to share AI artwork
3．Which can best explain the underlined word“buzz”in paragraph 4
A．Excitement． B．Objection．
C．Revolution． D．Controversy．
4．What does Klingemann think about AI art
A．Its future is unclear．
B．It will disturb the traditional art industry．
C．It will be as common as photography and movies．
D．It will be applied to photography and film industry．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
It can be hard to come up with original ideas when creating art．However，there are things that you can do to get over your artist's block and create new，unique art，whether you're painting，drawing，sculpting or doing anything else．
Listen to music．If you find that you need some help in getting inspired，try listening to music as you create art，particularly the music that you like，and the music that suits the atmosphere of the piece you are trying to create．This method works well for some people．However，others might need complete silence in order to work． 1 _
Get ideas from other people's art． 2 You can then attempt to copy the style，but with a twist of your own，to help get you inspired．Watching how other people shape and uniquely craft their art can help to inspire you and may help you to improve in drawing．
3 If you've been trying too hard to be inspired and keep drawing a blank，it's time to pull back．Even if you take a break for a month or so，you will come back refreshed and ready to create again．
Learn all over again． 4 If you're having an artist's block，the problem might just be that you've run out of things to do and you find yourself creating the same thing over and over again．If this is the case，it's time to look up some tutorials or do the copy from the reference method．
Be sure not to copy other people's artwork．Copying others' art for the sake of learning to draw is fine as long as you don't take credit for it． 5 You can't just draw what they've drawn and then change the colours up a little or add a few minor details in to make it yours．
A．Take a break．
B．Work to your own preference．
C．Put your heart to your art．
D．Learn to do new things with your art．
E．Observe how other artists do their artworks．
F．Ask advice from other artists for your art．
G．Use other artists' art as inspiration for your own．
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Music is part of every culture on the Earth，which can be pleasant，sad，romantic，sleepy，healing—all kinds of things．But what is it Some people call it an art that sounds 1 time．Our ears receive it as loud or 2 ，high or low，rapid and short，or slow and fast．The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become 3 ．
Music，like 4 ，is a human form of communication．As with language，there are many different kinds．In North America，people listen to jazz，rock，classical，folk，country，and many other kinds of music．Each kind of music has its own rules and“ 5 ”to us in its own way．
No one knows for sure when music 6 ．Perhaps while working，people sang to make it go faster．People who were 7 movements—picking crops or rowing boats，for example—could sing in time 8 for the work．Navajo Indians，for example，had corn-grinding songs．
Over time，people 9 musical instruments．They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their 10 ．Sticks and objects that rattled (格格作响) could have 11 the human body as early 12 .Both instruments and music became more complex (复杂) with time．
Today，music in many cultures consists of art music and music of the people．Art music，which we call classical music，is more 13 than the music of the people— 14 music and popular music．Art music is generally harder to write and perform．Musicians who perform it need a lot of 15 ．Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create，perform，and understand．
1．A．in B．over
C．against D．across
2．A．small B．noisy
C．soft D．distant
3．A．music B．tunes
C．symphonies D．masterpieces
4．A．breath B．jazz
C．chorus D．language
5．A．weeps B．turns
C．speaks D．whispers
6．A．recorded B．began
C．composed D．transformed
7．A．possessing B．accompanying
C．combining D．repeating
8．A．gifted B．particular
C．suitable D．dramatic
9．A．defended B．developed
C．deserved D．guaranteed
10．A．feet B．faces
C．volumes D．rhythms
11．A．overcome B．swept
C．replaced D．steamed
12．A．images B．adaptation
C．music D．instruments
13．A．essential B．impressive
C．unusual D．complicated
14．A．folk B．rural
C．jazz D．grand
15．A．training B．encouragement
C．reputation D．expectation
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Paper cutting is one of China's most popular folk arts．Archaeological finds show that the tradition started in the 1．____________ (six) century；it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries 2．__________ (early)．
Paper cuttings have special 3．____________ (important) at festivals and on holidays．4．____________ (get) rid of the old and bring good luck，people put up paper cuttings 5．__________ the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival．
There are two methods of making paper cuttings—by using scissors or knives．As the name suggests，scissors cuttings are made with scissors．Several pieces of paper (up to eight pieces) 6．____________ (place) together．The patterns are then cut with pointed scissors．Knife cuttings are made by putting several pieces of paper on a table．Following a pattern，the artist cuts the patterns into 7．____________ paper with a knife．
In the past，paper cuttings were usually made only by women and 8．____________ (girl)．They used scissors and paper to cut all kinds of pictures such as apple trees，peach blossoms，mice，fighting roosters and rabbits 9．____________ (eat) carrots．
This used to be one of the skills that every girl had to master．Professional paper cutting artists are，on the other hand，almost always men 10．____________ can make a living by working together in workshops．
课时提升作业(十一)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．abstract 2．innovative 3．contrast 4．wire 5．trend 6．to study 7．to listen 8．inspiring 9．to be 10．broken
Ⅱ．1．so frightening that 2．to promote people's awareness of environmental protection 3．was satisfied with what I had done 4．is scheduled to be held 5．you are interested in Chinese painting
Ⅲ．1．depressed 2．to become 3．disappointed 4．to develop 5．saving 6．to be 7．inspiring
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4
D A D C
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
B E A D G
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D C A D C B D C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
B A C D D A A
Ⅳ．1．sixth 2．earlier 3．importance 4．To get 5．on 6．are placed 7．the 8．girls 9．eating 10．who/that
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们对人工智能艺术作品的价值、意义及发展方向的看法。
1．D [推理判断题。文章第一段描述了艺术家兼软件工程师Tyka向观众展示使用人工智能创作的艺术作品并向观众提问的场景；第二段则承接第一段，开始介绍与当前人工智能艺术作品有关的一些令人困惑的问题。由此推知，第一段起到引出本文话题的作用。故选D。]
2．A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When artwork is accomplished by means of the algorithm，who is the artist—the programmer or the computer？”可知，艺术行业的人们对“谁是人工智能艺术作品的真正创作者？”感到困惑。故选A。]
3．D [词义猜测题。第四段主要阐述了Klingemann对这种艺术作品的看法，结合该段中的“Instead，he thinks it will one day be viewed as simply another tool of the artist．”可知，他对这种艺术形式持支持态度，故推断画线词所在句是说他认为当前对于人工智能艺术作品的争论终会平息。画线词buzz与D项“争论”意思相近。故选D。]
4．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘Just like photography never goes away，or making movies doesn't，I'm pretty sure it will establish itself as a new media format，’he says．”和“I expect this to become really just a normal thing”可知，Klingemann认为人工智能艺术将像摄影和电影一样成为一种常见的媒体形式。故选C。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在创作灵感枯竭时怎样获得灵感。
1．B [根据上文可知，获得灵感的方式是因人而异的。B项“按照自己的喜好工作。”承接上文，符合文意。故选B。]
2．E [上文“Get ideas from other people's art．”提议大家可以通过别人的艺术获得灵感，下文“You can then attempt to copy the style”指出可以尝试模仿这种风格，E项“观察其他艺术家如何创作他们的艺术作品。”承上启下，符合文意。故选E。]
3．A [下文指出没有灵感的时候需要休息一下，A项“休息一下。”符合文意，引出下文对于休息的进一步说明。故选A。]
4．D [根据上文“Learn all over again．”以及下文“it's time to look up some tutorials or do the copy from the reference method”可知，本段提议大家不要一直创造相同的东西。D项“学会用你的艺术做新的事情。”承上启下，符合文意。故选D。]
5．G [上文“Copying others' art for the sake of learning to draw is fine as long as you don't take credit for it．”指出，为了学习可以适当借鉴他人的艺术。G项“使用其他艺术家的艺术作为你自己的灵感。”承接上文，符合文意。故选G。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乐器的起源及其发展历史。
1．D [ across time表示“跨越时间”，此处指“音乐被称为跨越时间的声音艺术”，即在不同时间都可以响起。]
2．C [根据后面的提示“high or low...”可知，此处用soft和loud对应。]
3．A [本句意为“声音要成为音乐，需要以某种模式持续一段时间”。此处描述了声音是如何演变成音乐的。]
4．D [根据下文的“As with language”可知，此处是用音乐和语言作比较。]
5．C [本句表示“每种音乐都有自己的规则，并以它自己的方式跟我们‘对话’。”即音乐的声音如同在跟我们讲话，此处用speak对应上文的“a human form of communication”。]
6．B [根据下文可以判断，本段介绍了音乐是何时开始的。]
7．D [根据下文列举的例子“收庄稼和划船”可知，这些都是“重复动作”的劳作，即人们在重复动作中歌唱以便让工作进行得快些。]
8．C [根据上一题可知，人们不断重复劳作的时候可以唱出与工作相适配的节拍。]
9．B [根据下文可知，本段讲述了乐器的形成。]
10．A [根据上文的“clapping their hands”可知，此处应用feet与之对应。]
11．C [本句是讲发出“嘎嘎”声的棍棒和物品取代了人体作为乐器使用。]
12．D [参见上题解析。]
13．D [根据下文的“harder”可知，此处指“更复杂的”。]
14．A [结合空格所在句和下文的“Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create，perform，and understand．”可知，此处是指一般老百姓可以欣赏的民间音乐。]
15．A [根据上文的“harder to write and perform”可知，此处表示“需要大量训练”。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最流行的民间艺术之一——剪纸的重要性、操作方法以及特点。
1．sixth [考查序数词。句意：考古发现表明，这一传统始于第六世纪，人们甚至认为，剪纸的起源甚至还要早几个世纪。结合句意可知，此处表示“第六世纪”，应用序数词sixth。故填sixth。]
2．earlier [考查形容词的比较等级。结合语境可知，此处表示“更早”，应用early的比较级形式earlier。故填earlier。]
3．importance [考查词性转换。空处作宾语，用名词importance，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填importance。]
4．To get [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语put up，此处作目的状语，应用不定式，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填To get。]
5．on [考查介词。结合句意可知，此处表示“在……上张贴”，应用短语put up sth．on。故填on。]
6．are placed [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实用一般现在时；主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为Several pieces of paper，故谓语用复数。故填are placed。]
7．the [考查冠词。paper在此处为特指，应用定冠词。故填the。]
8．girls [考查名词复数。girl为可数名词，结合空前的“women and”可知，应用复数。故填girls。]
9．eating [考查非谓语动词。此处为动词-ing形式的复合结构作介词的宾语，故eat应用动词-ing形式。故填eating。]
10．who/that [考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词men，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。]
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