Section Ⅱ Using language
1．annoyed adj．恼怒的，烦恼的
(1)be annoyed with sb． 对某人很恼火
be annoyed at/about sth． 因某事而恼火
be annoyed to do sth．/that... 做某事感到生气
(2)annoy v． 使恼怒；打扰
annoying adj． 恼怒的；使生气的
annoyance n． 恼怒；生气；烦恼；
令人生气的事物
to one's annoyance 令某人恼怒的是
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was annoyed _______(hear) that the plane would be delayed because of the heavy fog．
②Who hasn't received an email so ________(annoy) that it ruined an entire day
③令我们恼怒的是，空调在一年中最热的夜晚出了故障。
________________，the air conditioner broke down on the hottest night of the year．
2．adjust v．适应，(使)习惯；调节，调整
(1)adjust to... 适应……
adjust (oneself) to (使自己)适应
adjust...to... 为配合……而调整
(2)adjustment n． 调整；调节
make an adjustment to 对……进行调整
(3)adjustable adj． 可调节的
[语境助记] These seats are adjustable; that's to say，you can adjust them to a certain angle or height．The adjustment is not difficult to make．
这些座位是可以调节的；也就是说，你可以把它们调整到一个特定的角度或高度。这种调节做起来并不难。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The moment you get on the airplane，start adjusting your biological clock __ the destination's time．
②I have made a few ___________(adjust) to the design，and now you can make the final decision．
③大学毕业后，我逐渐让自己适应了独自生活。
After graduation from college，I gradually _______________________ on my own．
3．criticise v．批评，指责
(1)criticise sb．for sth． 因某事批评某人
(2)criticism n． 批评，指责
critic n． 批评家；评论家；挑剔
的人
critical adj． 批评的；至关紧要的；
有判断力的
critically adv． 批判性地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Plans for the new road have drawn fierce _________(criticise) from local people．
②People have been ________(criticise) of the way he handled the affair．
③他因迟迟不处理此事而受到批评。
He __________________ his delay in dealing with the matter．
4．embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情
(1)to one's embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
(2)embarrass v． 使尴尬；使为难
embarrassing adj． 令人难堪的
embarrassed adj． 尴尬的；拮据的
be embarrassed at/about 因……而感到难 为情
be embarrassed to do sth． 对做某事感到难 为情
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The young man was embarrassed ________(admit) not pulling his weight．
②I don't like making speeches in public; it is so ____________(embarrass)．
③令她感到尴尬的是，她没能回答出老师上课提出的那个简单的问题。
a．____________________，she didn't answer the simple question raised by the teacher in class．(embarrassment)
b．She didn't answer the simple question raised by the teacher in class，__________________________．(含有embarrassed的定语从句)
重点句式 It is＋过去分词＋that 从句
(教材P8)It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ(intelligence quotient) in people's lives．
人们相信，在人们的生活中情商甚至比智商更重要。
[句式分析] 该句句式为“It is＋过去分词＋that从句”，it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。
It is believed that paper cutting has a history of more than 1，500 years．
人们相信，剪纸有1 500年的历史。
常见的“It is＋过去分词＋that...”句型还有：
It is said that... 据说……
It is agreed that... 大家一致同意……
It is thought that... 大家认为……
It is hoped that... 人们希望……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is proved that... 据证实……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①__ is agreed that this is the best novel he has ever written．
②It is reported ____ scientists have made a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer．
③人们相信，如果所有的人能和平共处，那个地方就能变成天堂。
___________________ the place will become a paradise if all people live in peace．
P6
1．________________ 不假思索
2．_________________ 对……感到满意
3．________________________ 既高兴又羞愧
4．_____________________________________________ 为她的作业报名参加写作大赛
5．___________________ 不知道怎么做
6．____________ 鄙视，轻视，瞧不起
P7
1．________________ 一部动画电影
2．_____________ 领先
3．_____________________ 在……中发挥某人的作用
4．___________________________ 做某事有困难
5．________________________________ 某人适应新的环境
6．_____________ 尽某人的责任
7．___________ 偶然，意外地
8．__________________ 把……与……分开
9．______________________ 感到困惑和无助
10．_____________ 逃离
11．_________ 应对，处理
12．___________ 安定下来，平静下来
13．______________ 讲真话
14．______________ 抱怨
15．_______________________ 看到光明的一面(持乐观态度)
P8
1．______________ 相处；进展
2．____________ 一直，总是
3．___________________ 发出大量噪音
P9
1．_________ 拒绝，不同意
2．__________ 以……开始
3．___________ 如果可能的话
4．________________ 求助，请求帮忙
过去分词作状语
一、过去分词作状语的基本用法
1．过去分词作状语的功能
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，常先于谓语动作发生。
Founded in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art．
这所学校创建于20世纪初期，它一直激励着孩子们对艺术的热爱。
Time，used correctly，is money in the bank．
使用得当，时间就是银行里的钱。
2．过去分词作状语的类型
(1)过去分词作状语主要表示时间、条件、原因、让步等，可以与相应的状语从句互换。
Translated into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order．
＝When it was translated into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order．
当被翻译成英语时，人们会发现这个句子会有一个完全不同的词序。
Used with care，one tin will last for six weeks．
＝If it is used with care，one tin will last for six weeks．
如果仔细使用，一个金属盒可以使用六周。
Asked to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film．
＝Because I was asked to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film．
由于那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场好电影。
Laughed at by many people，he continued his study．
＝Although he was laughed at by many people，he continued his study．
尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续开展他的研究。
(2)过去分词作伴随状语时，往往相当于一个并列分句(因为没有伴随状语从句)。
The teacher came into the lab，followed by some students．
＝The teacher came into the lab and he/she was followed by some students．
老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。
3．过去分词作状语的位置
过去分词作时间、条件、原因和让步状语时，通常置于句首(有时在句中)；作伴随或方式状语时，通常置于句末(有时在句中)。
Clearly and thoughtfully written，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers．
这本书写得既清楚又有思想，在那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生中激发了自信心。
He stood there silently，moved to tears．
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
二、过去分词作状语时的注意事项
1．过去分词作状语时，根据需要可在其前加上when，while，until，once，though，although，as long as，if，unless，as if，even if等连词。需注意的是，在before，after或without等词后必须用being done结构。
When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．
当询问菲利普对教学工作的看法时，他说他发现它很有趣且有意义。
Although left alone at home，Jenny didn't feel afraid at all．
尽管被单独留在了家里，珍妮一点也不害怕。
The famous film star could hardly walk down the street without being bothered．
这位著名的电影明星在街上走着的时候，无时无刻不被打扰。
2．某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时相当于形容词作状语，表示一种状态。
Little Tom sat amazed watching the monkey dancing in front of him．
小汤姆坐着吃惊地看着猴子在他前面跳舞。
Absorbed in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching．
由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
[名师点津] 过去分词与动词-ing形式的完成被动式(having been done)作状语时，有时可互换，但having been done强调动作先于句子的谓语动词所发生的动作。
Having been asked many times，he had no choice but to tell me the truth．
被问了很多次之后，他别无选择，只好把真相告诉了我。
Having been bitten twice，he refused to enter the yard．
已经被咬过两次，他拒绝进入那个院子。
三、过去分词与动词 ing形式作状语的比较
作状语时，若与句子的主语是逻辑上的主动关系，则用动词-ing形式；若为动宾关系，则用过去分词。
Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful．
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园更加美丽。
Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful．
从山顶上看，这个公园显得更加美丽。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．__________(influence)by his father，he fell in love with literature．
2．_______(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous．
3．_________(compare) his camera with mine，I find mine is better．
4．Children，when ___________(accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium．
5．_____(base) on a true story，the book tells how a housewife turns into a professional lawyer．
6．_______(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now．
7．Before __________(use)，the machine must be checked．
8．_______(dress) in a white uniform，she looks more like a cook than a doctor．
9．____(lose) in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him．
10．Generally speaking，if _____(take) according to the directions，the drug has no side effect．
Ⅱ．句型转换
1．When he was asked why he did it，the monitor said that it was his duty．
→________________________，the monitor said that it was his duty．
2．If I am given an opportunity to be a volunteer，I will do everything I can to do it well．
→______________________________________，I will do everything I can to do it well．
3．Because he was caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet．
→______________________，he was all wet．
4．The old man often takes a walk and he is accompanied by his pet dog．
→The old man often takes a walk，__________________________．
5．The company was faced with difficulties，but it held on and took the lead in 5G technology．
→_______________________，the company held on and took the lead in 5G technology．
Section Ⅱ
语法精讲提升语用能力
要点精析
词汇知识过关
1．①to hear ②annoying ③To our annoyance
2．①to ②adjustments ③adjust myself to living
3．①criticism ②critical ③was criticised for
4．①to admit ②embarrassing ③a．To her embarrassment b．which made her embarrassed
经典句式过关
重点句式 ①It ②that ③It is believed that
词块积累
P6 1．without thinking 2．be satisfied with 3．happy as well as ashamed 4．enter her homework into a writing competition 5．not know what to do 6．look down on
P7 1．an animated film 2．take the lead 3．play one's role in... 4．have a hard time doing sth． 5．adjust to one's new surroundings 6．do one's duty 7．by accident 8．separate...from... 9．feel lost and helpless 10．run away from
11．deal with 12．settle down 13．tell the truth 14．complain about 15．look on the bright side
P8 1．get along with 2．all the time 3．make a lot of noise
P9 1．say no to 2．begin with 3．if possible 4．ask for a favour
过关检测
Ⅰ．1．Influenced 2．Offered 3．Comparing 4．accompanied 5．Based 6．Ordered 7．being used 8．Dressed 9．Lost 10．taken
Ⅱ．1．When asked why he did it 2．Given an opportunity to be a volunteer 3．Caught in a heavy rain 4．accompanied by his pet dog 5．Faced with difficulties
1 / 1(共37张PPT)
Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you
Section Ⅱ Using language
语法精讲 提升语用能力
要点精析
01
词块积累
语法精讲
过关检测
1．annoyed adj．恼怒的，烦恼的
(1)be annoyed with sb． 对某人很恼火
be annoyed at/about sth． 因某事而恼火
be annoyed to do sth．/that... 做某事感到生气
(2)annoy v． 使恼怒；打扰
annoying adj． 恼怒的；使生气的
annoyance n． 恼怒；生气；烦恼；
令人生气的事物
to one's annoyance 令某人恼怒的是
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was annoyed _______(hear) that the plane would be delayed because of the heavy fog．
②Who hasn't received an email so ________(annoy) that it ruined an entire day
③令我们恼怒的是，空调在一年中最热的夜晚出了故障。
________________，the air conditioner broke down on the hottest night of the year．
to hear
annoying
To our annoyance
2．adjust v．适应，(使)习惯；调节，调整
(1)adjust to... 适应……
adjust (oneself) to (使自己)适应
adjust...to... 为配合……而调整
(2)adjustment n． 调整；调节
make an adjustment to 对……进行调整
(3)adjustable adj． 可调节的
[语境助记] These seats are adjustable; that's to say，you can adjust them to a certain angle or height．The adjustment is not difficult to make．
这些座位是可以调节的；也就是说，你可以把它们调整到一个特定的角度或高度。这种调节做起来并不难。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The moment you get on the airplane，start adjusting your biological clock __ the destination's time．
②I have made a few ___________(adjust) to the design，and now you can make the final decision．
③大学毕业后，我逐渐让自己适应了独自生活。
After graduation from college，I gradually __________________ on my own．
to
adjustments
adjust myself to living
3．criticise v．批评，指责
(1)criticise sb．for sth． 因某事批评某人
(2)criticism n． 批评，指责
critic n． 批评家；评论家；挑剔的人
critical adj． 批评的；至关紧要的；有判断力的
critically adv． 批判性地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Plans for the new road have drawn fierce _________(criticise) from local people．
②People have been ________(criticise) of the way he handled the affair．
③他因迟迟不处理此事而受到批评。
He _______________ his delay in dealing with the matter．
criticism
critical
was criticised for
4．embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情
(1)to one's embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
(2)embarrass v． 使尴尬；使为难
embarrassing adj． 令人难堪的
embarrassed adj． 尴尬的；拮据的
be embarrassed at/about 因……而感到难为情
be embarrassed to do sth． 对做某事感到难为情
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The young man was embarrassed ________(admit) not pulling his weight．
②I don't like making speeches in public; it is so ______________
(embarrass).
to admit
embarrassing
③令她感到尴尬的是，她没能回答出老师上课提出的那个简单的问题。
a．__________________，she didn't answer the simple question raised by the teacher in class．(embarrassment)
b．She didn't answer the simple question raised by the teacher in class，_________________________．(含有embarrassed的定语从句)
To her embarrassment
which made her embarrassed
重点句式 It is＋过去分词＋that 从句
(教材P8)It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ(intelligence quotient) in people's lives．
人们相信，在人们的生活中情商甚至比智商更重要。
[句式分析] 该句句式为“It is＋过去分词＋that从句”，it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。
It is believed that paper cutting has a history of more than 1，500 years．
人们相信，剪纸有1 500年的历史。
常见的“It is＋过去分词＋that...”句型还有：
It is said that... 据说……
It is agreed that... 大家一致同意……
It is thought that... 大家认为……
It is hoped that... 人们希望……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is proved that... 据证实……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①__ is agreed that this is the best novel he has ever written．
②It is reported ____ scientists have made a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer．
③人们相信，如果所有的人能和平共处，那个地方就能变成天堂。
_______________ the place will become a paradise if all people live in peace．
It
that
It is believed that
P6
1．______________ 不假思索
2．_______________对……感到满意
3．______________________ 既高兴又羞愧
4．________________________________________
为她的作业报名参加写作大赛
5．__________________ 不知道怎么做
6．____________ 鄙视，轻视，瞧不起
without thinking
be satisfied with
happy as well as ashamed
enter her homework into a writing competition
not know what to do
look down on
P7
1．________________ 一部动画电影
2．___________ 领先
3．__________________ 在……中发挥某人的作用
4．_______________________ 做某事有困难
5．____________________________ 某人适应新的环境
6．_____________ 尽某人的责任
7．___________ 偶然，意外地
an an animated film
take the lead
play one's role in...
have a hard time doing sth．
adjust to one's new surroundings
do one's duty
by accident
8．________________ 把……与……分开
9．___________________ 感到困惑和无助
10．_____________ 逃离
11．_________ 应对，处理
12．__________ 安定下来，平静下来
13．____________ 讲真话
14．_____________ 抱怨
15．____________________ 看到光明的一面(持乐观态度)
separate...from...
feel lost and helpless
run away from
deal with
settle down
tell the truth
complain about
look on the bright side
P8
1．_____________ 相处；进展
2．___________ 一直，总是
3．_________________ 发出大量噪音
P9
1．_________拒绝，不同意
2．__________ 以……开始
3．__________ 如果可能的话
4．_______________ 求助，请求帮忙
get along with
all the time
make a lot of noise
say no to
begin with
if possible
ask for a favour
过去分词作状语
一、过去分词作状语的基本用法
1．过去分词作状语的功能
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，常先于谓语动作发生。
Founded in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art．
这所学校创建于20世纪初期，它一直激励着孩子们对艺术的热爱。
Time，used correctly，is money in the bank．
使用得当，时间就是银行里的钱。
2．过去分词作状语的类型
(1)过去分词作状语主要表示时间、条件、原因、让步等，可以与相应的状语从句互换。
Translated into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order．
＝When it was translated into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order．
当被翻译成英语时，人们会发现这个句子会有一个完全不同的词序。
Used with care，one tin will last for six weeks．
＝If it is used with care，one tin will last for six weeks．
如果仔细使用，一个金属盒可以使用六周。
Asked to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film．
＝Because I was asked to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film．
由于那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场好电影。
Laughed at by many people，he continued his study．
＝Although he was laughed at by many people，he continued his study．
尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续开展他的研究。
(2)过去分词作伴随状语时，往往相当于一个并列分句(因为没有伴随状语从句)。
The teacher came into the lab，followed by some students．
＝The teacher came into the lab and he/she was followed by some students．
老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。
3．过去分词作状语的位置
过去分词作时间、条件、原因和让步状语时，通常置于句首(有时在句中)；作伴随或方式状语时，通常置于句末(有时在句中)。
Clearly and thoughtfully written，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers．
这本书写得既清楚又有思想，在那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生中激发了自信心。
He stood there silently，moved to tears．
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
二、过去分词作状语时的注意事项
1．过去分词作状语时，根据需要可在其前加上when，while，until，once，though，although，as long as，if，unless，as if，even if等连词。需注意的是，在before，after或without等词后必须用being done结构。
When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．
当询问菲利普对教学工作的看法时，他说他发现它很有趣且有意义。
Although left alone at home，Jenny didn't feel afraid at all．
尽管被单独留在了家里，珍妮一点也不害怕。
The famous film star could hardly walk down the street without being bothered．
这位著名的电影明星在街上走着的时候，无时无刻不被打扰。
2．某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时相当于形容词作状语，表示一种状态。
Little Tom sat amazed watching the monkey dancing in front of him．
小汤姆坐着吃惊地看着猴子在他前面跳舞。
Absorbed in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching．
由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
[名师点津] 过去分词与动词-ing形式的完成被动式(having been done)作状语时，有时可互换，但having been done强调动作先于句子的谓语动词所发生的动作。
Having been asked many times，he had no choice but to tell me the truth．
被问了很多次之后，他别无选择，只好把真相告诉了我。
Having been bitten twice，he refused to enter the yard．
已经被咬过两次，他拒绝进入那个院子。
三、过去分词与动词 ing形式作状语的比较
作状语时，若与句子的主语是逻辑上的主动关系，则用动词-ing形式；若为动宾关系，则用过去分词。
Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful．
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园更加美丽。
Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful．
从山顶上看，这个公园显得更加美丽。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．__________(influence)by his father，he fell in love with literature．
2．_______(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous．
3．__________(compare) his camera with mine，I find mine is better．
4．Children，when ___________(accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium．
Influenced
Offered
Comparing
accompanied
5．_____(base) on a true story，the book tells how a housewife turns into a professional lawyer．
6．_______(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now．
7．Before __________(use)，the machine must be checked．
8．_______(dress) in a white uniform，she looks more like a cook than a doctor．
Based
Ordered
being used
Dressed
9．____(lose) in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him．
10．Generally speaking，if _____(take) according to the directions，the drug has no side effect．
Lost
taken
Ⅱ．句型转换
1．When he was asked why he did it，the monitor said that it was his duty．
→______________________，the monitor said that it was his duty．
2．If I am given an opportunity to be a volunteer，I will do everything I can to do it well．
→________________________________，I will do everything I can to do it well．
When asked why he did it
Given an opportunity to be a volunteer
3．Because he was caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet．
→______________________，he was all wet．
4．The old man often takes a walk and he is accompanied by his pet dog．
→The old man often takes a walk，________________________．
5．The company was faced with difficulties，but it held on and took the lead in 5G technology．
→___________________，the company held on and took the lead in 5G technology．
Caught in a heavy rain
accompanied by his pet dog
Faced with difficulties
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