Section Ⅳ Developing ideas—Writing
写论说文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇论说文。论说文是通过议论或说理来表达作者的见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。
(一)基本框架
1．开头：提出观点或论点；
2．主体：组织论据来论证自己的观点；
3．结尾：总结自己的观点。
(二)常用表达
1．This fable describes a story between a wolf and a goat．
这则寓言描述了一头狼和一只羊的故事。
2．We all know the story about the farmer and the snake．
我们都知道农夫与蛇的故事。
3．We have all surely had the experience of being cheated by people around us．
我们肯定都有过这样的经历，被我们身边的人欺骗。
4．One of the main reasons for doing so is that we trust others so easily．
这样做的其中一个原因就是我们太容易相信别人。
5．No one can prove to us，to what extent，we can believe it．
没人可以给我们证明可以在多大程度上相信它。
6．In conclusion，I'd like to point out that we should never have pity on people who are as evil as the snake．
最后，我想指出我们决不要可怜像蛇一样恶毒的人。
7．After reading it，I find every second in life is very precious．
读完它后，我觉得人生的每分每秒都是宝贵的。
8．We should spare no effort to study hard and overcome the difficulties before us．
我们应该不遗余力地努力学习，克服我们面前的困难。
假定你是李华，你看到一个有关豪猪取暖的寓言故事。请你根据这则故事结合自己的生活学习情况，发表自己对于朋友间关系的观点和看法，内容包括：
1．该故事的寓意；
2．故事给我们生活的启示。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[审题构思]
1．确定体裁：本文是从豪猪取暖的故事中得到的启示，属于议论文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主体时态为一般现在时。
4．确定内容：
①引入话题；
②论证自己的观点；
③总结自己的观点。
[遣词造句]
1．正如叔本华在一则寓言中所描述的那样：在冬天，豪猪需要保持适当距离才能相互取暖而不至于伤害彼此。
As Schopenhauer puts in a fable: In winter，porcupines need to _____________________________________________________________________．
2．从这个故事中我们可以得到启示：保持适当距离很重要。
From this story，we can get the enlightenment: ___________________________．
3．现实生活中朋友之间的关系也是如此。
___________________ the interpersonal relationship between friends in real life．
4．如果朋友间太过于亲密，我们会感觉自己得不到对方的尊重。
If friends are too close，we will feel that _____________________________________．
5．如果朋友间关系太过于疏远，我们之间似乎出现了隔阂。
If the relationship between friends is too distant，___________________________．
6．正如谚语所说的：“距离产生美。”
__________________，“Distance produces beauty”．
[句式升级]
1．用“of＋名词”改写句2
_____________________________________________________________________
2．用省略结构改写句4
_____________________________________________________________________
[连句成篇](注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅳ
写作精析提升表达能力
典例详析
遣词造句
1．keep a proper distance to keep each other warm without hurting each other
2．Keeping a proper distance is very important
3．The same is true of
4．we cannot get respect from each other
5．it seems that there is a gap between us
6．As the saying goes
句式升级
1．From this story，we can get the enlightenment: Keeping a proper distance is of great importance．
2．If too close，we will feel that we cannot get respect from each other．
连句成篇
【参考范文】
As Schopenhauer puts in a fable: In winter，porcupines need to keep a proper distance to keep each other warm without hurting each other．From this story，we can get the enlightenment: Keeping a proper distance is of great importance．
The same is true of the interpersonal relationship between friends in real life．If too close，we will feel that we cannot get respect from each other．On the contrary，if the relationship between friends is too distant，it seems that there is a gap between us．
As the saying goes，“Distance produces beauty”．
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Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you
Section Ⅳ Developing ideas－Writing
写作精析 提升表达能力
文体指导
01
典例详析
本单元的写作任务是写一篇论说文。论说文是通过议论或说理来表达作者的见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。
写论说文
(一)基本框架
1．开头：提出观点或论点；
2．主体：组织论据来论证自己的观点；
3．结尾：总结自己的观点。
(二)常用表达
1．This fable describes a story between a wolf and a goat．
这则寓言描述了一头狼和一只羊的故事。
2．We all know the story about the farmer and the snake．
我们都知道农夫与蛇的故事。
3．We have all surely had the experience of being cheated by people around us．
我们肯定都有过这样的经历，被我们身边的人欺骗。
4．One of the main reasons for doing so is that we trust others so easily．
这样做的其中一个原因就是我们太容易相信别人。
5．No one can prove to us，to what extent，we can believe it．
没人可以给我们证明可以在多大程度上相信它。
6．In conclusion，I'd like to point out that we should never have pity on people who are as evil as the snake．
最后，我想指出我们决不要可怜像蛇一样恶毒的人。
7．After reading it，I find every second in life is very precious．
读完它后，我觉得人生的每分每秒都是宝贵的。
8．We should spare no effort to study hard and overcome the difficulties before us．
我们应该不遗余力地努力学习，克服我们面前的困难。
假定你是李华，你看到一个有关豪猪取暖的寓言故事。请你根据这则故事结合自己的生活学习情况，发表自己对于朋友间关系的观点和看法，内容包括：
1．该故事的寓意；
2．故事给我们生活的启示。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[审题构思]
1．确定体裁：本文是从豪猪取暖的故事中得到的启示，属于议论文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主体时态为一般现在时。
4．确定内容：
①引入话题；
②论证自己的观点；
③总结自己的观点。
[遣词造句]
1．正如叔本华在一则寓言中所描述的那样：在冬天，豪猪需要保持适当距离才能相互取暖而不至于伤害彼此。
As Schopenhauer puts in a fable: In winter，porcupines need to _________________________________________________________．
2．从这个故事中我们可以得到启示：保持适当距离很重要。
From this story，we can get the enlightenment: ___________________________________．
keep a proper distance to keep each other warm without hurting each other
Keeping a proper distance
is very important
3．现实生活中朋友之间的关系也是如此。
________________ the interpersonal relationship between friends in real life．
4．如果朋友间太过于亲密，我们会感觉自己得不到对方的尊重。
If friends are too close，we will feel that _____________________________________．
The same is true of
we cannot get respect from
each other
5．如果朋友间关系太过于疏远，我们之间似乎出现了隔阂。
If the relationship between friends is too distant，_______________________________．
6．正如谚语所说的：“距离产生美。”
_________________，“Distance produces beauty”．
it seems that there is a
gap between us
As the saying goes
[句式升级]
1．用“of＋名词”改写句2
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．用省略结构改写句4
__________________________________________________________
From this story，we can get the enlightenment: Keeping a proper distance is of great importance．
If too close，we will feel that we cannot get respect from each other．
[连句成篇](注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语)
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
As Schopenhauer puts in a fable: In winter，porcupines need to keep a proper distance to keep each other warm without hurting each other．From this story，we can get the enlightenment: Keeping a proper distance is of great importance．
The same is true of the interpersonal relationship between friends in real life．If too close，we will feel that we cannot get respect from each other．On the contrary，if the relationship between friends is too distant，it seems that there is a gap between us．
As the saying goes，“Distance produces beauty”．
点击右图进入…
课
时
分
层
作
业
谢谢观看 THANK YOU!课时分层作业(三)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
One day，two old friends were walking through the desert．During the journey they had a quarrel，and one friend couldn't control himself and hit the other one in the face．
The one who was hit was hurt，but he didn't say anything．Instead，he wrote in the sand，“Today my best friend hit me in the face．”
They kept on walking until they found an oasis(绿洲)．They decided to get some water．The one who was hit fell into the mire(泥潭) and was in danger，but the friend saved him．
When he felt all right，he wrote on a stone，“Today my best friend saved my life．”
The one who had hit and saved his best friend felt surprised and asked him，“After I hurt you，you wrote in the sand but now you write on a stone．Why？”
The other friend replied，“When someone hurts us，we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness can blow it away．But when someone does something good for us，we must write it in stone where no wind can ever blow it away！”
Since then the two friends have never quarreled with each other again and they got on better with each other．
1．Why did one friend hit the other in the face
A．Because he didn't win the quarrel．
B．Because he won the quarrel．
C．Because he couldn't express himself．
D．Because he couldn't control himself．
2．Why did the one who was hit write in the sand
A．Because he wanted to remember his being hit．
B．Because he wanted to express his anger．
C．Because he wanted to forget his being hit．
D．Because he wanted other people to know his friend was cruel．
3．Why did the one who was hit write on a stone
A．Because he wanted to forget his friend．
B．Because he wanted to remember his friend．
C．Because he didn't want to forget his friend's kindness．
D．Because he wanted others to learn from his friend．
4．What is the best title for the article
A．Remember a Friend's Kindness and Forget His Shortcoming
B．Forget Your Friend's Shortcoming
C．How to Forgive a Friend
D．It Is Difficult to Make Friends
B
At the present time，the Internet is a major part of our lives．It's always in our hands or pockets．Whatever we are doing is somehow linked to the Internet．We start finding our connections online as well，which is quite impressive．We find a person on a social media platform，see we have a shared interest and start chatting!
Online friendships in the past were doubted and not considered reliable because you didn't know who was behind the screen．But now，when we can go shopping online，clear bills in online banks，and virtually attend schools．Why can't we find some real friends online
With online friends，there are several advantages．When we find something catchy in someone—the very first quality of our online friend，we only then encourage ourselves to find ways to talk to them．We can share with them our everyday things，and what's better than texting our friends our secrets We can be present together with them on interested forums．We can share looks just through a click．And the best part is that we can shoot them a real quick message whenever we need their expert advice．
With all these strengths of an online friend，also come some weak points which make some people afraid to find their friends online．Some people believe that the person they are talking to on the screen is not real or trying to get information about their private life．They feel uncomfortable sharing and chatting with a person who they've never met in real life．Another problem that comes in the way of online friends is hanging out．People can't really hang out with their online friends．The other problem is miscommunication，which sometimes leads to the end of a friendship．
Despite all these problems，online company is a perfect form of relationship between two or more．After all，we would notice these problems in any other kind of relationship or friendship．Miscommunication or a trust issue is always present even in face-to-face communication．
5．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．How the Internet has changed our daily life．
B．Whether people should make online friends．
C．Why a good friendship is difficult to develop．
D．What made making friends online a reality．
6．What might the underlined word “reliable” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Easy． B．Possible．
C．Dependable． D．Lasting．
7．How does the author support his view
A．By telling stories．
B．By making comparisons．
C．By explaining general rules．
D．By providing research results．
8．What is the author's attitude towards online friendship
A．Doubtful． B．Neutral．
C．Unclear． D．Supportive．
Ⅱ．应用文写作
阅读下面经典寓言故事《农夫与蛇》，并根据要求写一篇文章，内容包括：
1．你对这则寓言的理解；
2．举例说明；
3．总结与思考。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：Aesop伊索；fable寓言； evil邪恶的，有害的
Once upon a time，on a cold winter day，a farmer who had gone home from the market found a snake on the roadside．He thought it was frozen and stiff (僵硬的)，so he put it in his arms and let it wake up．The snake was frightened，and when it fully recovered，it instinctively bit the farmer and finally killed the farmer．Before he died，the farmer regretted very much and said sadly，“I want to do good，but because of my shallow knowledge，I hurt my life，so I got this kind of reward．”
课时分层作业(三)
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D C B A A C B D
Ⅱ．【参考范文】
Of all the fables of Aesop，I am deeply impressed with The Farmer and the Snake．The fable goes like this: a farmer saved a frozen snake，which killed the farmer at last．
Many of us have all surely had the experience of being hurt by the people you ever helped．Some old people lied the helper hurt them and got a lot of money．But on the other hand，some people in trouble died because of lack of timely help．
It is very important to extend our helping hands．But remember to help the people who are really in need．
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过两个朋友之间发生的故事，讲述了如何处理朋友之间的矛盾。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中“During the journey they had a quarrel，and one friend couldn't control himself and hit the other one in the face．”可知，两个朋友中一个人打了另一个人一耳光，是因为他无法控制自己。故选D项。]
2．C [ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When someone hurts us，we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness can blow it away．”可知，被打的人在沙子上写字是因为他想忘记自己被打了。故选C项。]
3．B [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But when someone does something good for us，we must write it in stone where no wind can ever blow it away！”可知，被打的人在石头上写字是因为他想记住他的朋友。故选B项。]
4．A [标题归纳题。根据倒数第二段中“When someone hurts us，we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness can blow it away．But when someone does something good for us，we must write it in stone where no wind can ever blow it away！”可知，文章告诉读者要记住朋友的好，忘记他的缺点。故A项(记住朋友的好，忘记他的缺点)最适合作为本文的标题。故选A项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论证了互联网给我们的交友带来的影响。
5．A [段落大意题。根据第一段可知，本段主要介绍了互联网是如何改变我们的日常生活的。故选A项。]
6．C [词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Online friendships in the past were doubted”以及画线词下文“because you didn't know who was behind the screen”可推知，画线词在此处的意思是“可靠的”。故选C项。]
7．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“Online friendships in the past...But now...”可知，这是对比论证。第三段介绍网络交友的好处，第四段介绍网络交友的弊端，也是对比。故选B项。]
8．D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite all these problems...of relationship or friendship．”可知，作者对网络友谊持肯定态度。故选D项。]
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