Period 3 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas)
1．pose v．(使)摆好姿势；冒充；引起；提问 n．姿势；故作姿态
(1)pose for 为……摆好姿势
pose a threat/danger to 对……构成威胁/危险
pose a question 提出问题
(2)make a pose (for) (为……)摆造型；摆姿势
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①How could I possibly take the time to pose ___ a sculpture now
②Any person that would pose a threat __ our lives and property will not be tolerated．
③(读后续写之情景描写)女孩站在商店橱窗前，高兴地摆了个姿势。
The girl stood in front of the shopping window and ___________ happily．
2．a wide range of 各种各样的，大范围的
(1)range n． 种类，(变化或浮动的)范围
within/in range of 在……范围内
out of/beyond range of 超出……的范围
(2)range v． (在一定范围内)变化；
包括(各种不同的人或物)
range from...to... 从……到……变化
range between...and... 在……与……之间变化
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Activities there range ____ whale watching __ hiking and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment．
②The girl liked the new dress so much，but it was really ______ her range．
③Annual bright sunshine totals range between 1，900 ___ 2，500 hours per year．
④(应用文之活动介绍)除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有很多选择，比如旅游和拜访亲戚或朋友。
In addition to these traditional activities，we have _______________ choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends．
3．fascination with 对……入迷/着迷
(1)have a fascination for 对……有吸引力
(2)fascinating adj． 极有吸引力的
(3)be fascinated with/by 对……着迷
be fascinated to do sth． 痴迷于做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①However，our fascination ____ the latest has already become common and led us in all sorts of wrong directions．
②(应用文之建议信)If you want to see this ___________ (fascinate) river and its surrounding landscape，then come to the Yellow River Scenic Area．
③Some people like to collect foreign stamps or coins，yet others are fascinated __________(collect) seashells or rare stones．
④如果你回顾历史，你肯定会被许多风俗习惯和文化所吸引。
If you look back on history，__________________________________．
4．fashion n．时尚；时兴；流行款式
(1)come into fashion 流行，开始风行
be in fashion 正流行
(go) out of fashion 过时
(2)fashionable adj． 流行的，时兴的，时髦的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Black is popular __ fashion because it makes people appear thinner．
②This is a very small shop but there are so many ___________ (fashion) clothes in it．
③The church wedding ceremony performed in the West has now come ____ fashion in that country．
④他本不应该花多达20美元买些过时的衣服。
He shouldn't have spent as much as 20 dollars buying some clothes that are ______________．
5．devotion to 对……的挚爱/忠诚/奉献
(1)devotion n． 专心；奉献；忠诚；挚爱
(2)devote v． 献身；致力；专心
devote oneself to (doing) sth．＝be devoted to (doing) sth．
致力于某事
devote...to... 把……用于……；献身；致力；专心于
(3)devoted adj． 挚爱的；忠诚的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He wanted to devote his energies to _______ (write) novels．
②Leslie Nielsen's devotion __ acting is wonderfully inspiring．
③He has been a _______ (devote) fan of Ronaldo since he knew what football game is．
④(应用文之申请信)如果我被录用，我将全身心投入这项工作。
If I am accepted，I will ________________ the job．
[名师点津] devote是及物动词，常接表示时间、精力、生命等的抽象名词作宾语，而“专心”和“奉献”的对象则由介词to引出，to后接名词或动词-ing形式。
6．put...into...将……投入……
put into practice 付诸实践
put up 建造，搭起；张贴；
举起，挂起；提高(价格)；留宿
put down 写下，记下；放下；镇压
put off 推迟；延迟
put aside 把……放一边；搁置，不考虑
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①They didn't want people staring at them as they sat on the lawn，so they put __ high walls．
②We will put ___ the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better．
③Helen had just put ____ her cell phone when she regretted refusing Peter's invitation to the party．
④成功者和失败者之间的区别是成功者将他们所学的东西付诸实践。
The difference between successful and unsuccessful people is that successful people__________________ the things they learn．
7．approach to ……的方法(或途径)
approach v． (在距离或时间上)接近，靠近；着手处理
n． 接近；方法，途径
at the approach of 随着……的来临/临近
be approaching 正在/将要接近
with...approaching 在……快到的时候
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It's high time that we adopted different approaches to _______ (solve) the social problem．
②I heard footsteps ___________ (approach)，so I went to welcome the guests．
③随着高考的接近，很多学生变得越来越紧张。
a．_________________________________________________，many students are becoming increasingly nervous．(with复合结构)
b．______________________________________________，many students are becoming increasingly nervous．(as引导时间状语从句)
c．___________________________________________________，many students are becoming increasingly nervous．(approach n．)
[名师点津] approach，way，means，method等在表示“做……的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：
the approach to doing sth．
the way to do/of doing sth．
the means of doing sth．
the method of doing sth．
8．passion for对……的热爱/酷爱
(1)passion n． 强烈情感，激情；酷爱
with passion 热情洋溢地，充满激情地
have a passion for 酷爱
(2)passionate adj． 热诚的，狂热的
be passionate about 对……热情
(3)passionately adv． 狂热地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Employees who are passionate _____ their jobs tend to be more productive workers．
②A passion ___ cooking does not necessarily have to be bad for your waistline．
③(应用文之报道)____ great passion，all the students in our school got involved in various work．
④(话题写作之语言学习)我更喜欢学习英语，因为我对它有极大的热情。
I prefer to study English because _____________________________．
1．强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
(教材P19)These things were real，and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential．
这些东西是真实的，在这种真实中，坎宁安看到了美好和潜力。
[句式分析] 该句是强调句型，强调的是地点状语within their reality。
It was the kindness of people that lit the light of hope in this little boy's heart．
正是人们的善良在这个小男孩的心中点亮了希望之光。
(1)强调句型的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他成分？
(4)not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋ that＋句子其他成分。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①你是上星期日去那家杂货店的吗？
_______________________ you went to that grocery store
②直到回到家乡，他才意识到离开公司是多么令人心碎。
________________________________ that he realized how heartbreaking it was to leave the company．
③是什么阻止他及时来到的？
________________ prevented him from coming in time
[名师点津] It is/was...that/who...只是一个框架结构，不充当任何句子成分，所以去掉这个框架之后，剩下的部分仍能组成一个语法结构完整的句子。
2．“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
(教材P20)He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered．
他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人所动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。
[句式分析] 句中的no matter how相当于however，引导让步状语从句。
No matter how hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat．
不管你怎么努力，如果不减少你的饮食量，减肥是很困难的。
(1)no matter 与what，who，whom，which，where，when，how等疑问词连用，只能引导让步状语从句，可换成疑问词＋-ever。
(2)whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever等既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①无论我们会遇到什么困难，我们都会专心做研究。
__________________________________ we may meet，we will do our research intently．
②无论你是谁，看到这样野蛮的人都会感到惊讶。
_____________________________，you will be surprised at such a savage man．
③大家都知道，无论是谁触犯法律都会受到惩罚。
As we all know，______________________ will be punished．
④当你到了那个超级市场时，你可以买任何你喜欢的东西。
You can buy _________________ when you get to that supermarket．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I have a wide range __ interests and enjoy doing many things in my free time．
2．The government should put a lot of money ____ health care．
3．Long skirts have come ____ fashion again，and faded jeans are still __ fashion，too．
4．He was such a great guy and he talked ____ passion about science．
5．It was when we were posing ___ a photograph that the accident happened．
6．Venice is a ___________(fascinate) city between sea and sky．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．正是在你的帮助下，我的英语进步如此之快。
__________________________ I made such rapid progress in English．
2．无论遇到什么困难，我都不会放弃，我会不遗余力地拍摄。
_________________________________________，I will never give up and spare no efforts to take photos．
3．你做的一切帮助我提高了我的英语。
____________ helped me improve my English．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for Bill Cunningham，one of the most important American photographers of 1．___ last 50 years．
What made Cunningham so great He could find inspiration 2．_____ others could not，in simple，everyday scenes，such as a woman 3．______ (ride) home on the graffiti-covered subway．Through his fascination with what people 4．____________ (wear)，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged 5．__ the people，not just to high society and big brands．
Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his 6．________ (devote) to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work．
However，Cunningham's approach to life was not 7．___________(complicate)．Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for 8．_____ (be) a fashion photographer．
This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham 9．_______ (focus) on his craft，enabling him to capture New York's unique street style．
Cunningham's passion for photography lasted throughout his life．He was 87 when he passed away，and 10．________________ (work) right up until his last illness．
Period 3
核心词汇
1．①for ②to ③made a pose
2．①from；to ②beyond ③and ④a wide range of
3．①with ②fascinating ③to collect ④you will certainly be fascinated with/by many customs and cultures
4．①in ②fashionable ③into ④out of fashion
5．①writing ②to ③devoted ④devote myself to
6．①up ②off ③down ④put into practice
7．①solving ②approaching ③With the college entrance examination approaching；As the college entrance examination approaches；At the approach of the college entrance examination
8．①about ②for ③With ④I have a great passion for it
句法句式
1．①Was it last Sunday that ②It was not until he arrived at his hometown ③What was it that
2．①Whatever/No matter what difficulty ②Whoever/No matter who you are ③whoever breaks the law ④whatever you like
巩固落实
Ⅰ．1．of 2．into 3．into；in 4．with 5．for 6．fascinating
Ⅱ．1．It was with your help that 2．Whatever/No matter what difficulty I meet 3．What you did
Ⅲ．1．the 2．where 3．riding 4．were wearing 5．to
6．devotion 7．complicated 8．being 9．focused 10．had been working
1 / 1(共40张PPT)
Period 3
Unit 2 A life's work
主题语境
人与自我——优秀品行
课时学案 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas)
(1)pose for 为……摆好姿势
pose a threat/danger to 对……构成威胁/危险
pose a question 提出问题
(2)make a pose (for) (为……)摆造型；摆姿势
1．pose v．(使)摆好姿势；冒充；引起；提问 n．姿势；故作姿态
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①How could I possibly take the time to pose ___ a sculpture now
②Any person that would pose a threat __ our lives and property will not be tolerated．
③(读后续写之情景描写)女孩站在商店橱窗前，高兴地摆了个姿势。
The girl stood in front of the shopping window and ___________ happily．
for
to
made a pose
(1)range n． 种类，(变化或浮动的)范围
within/in range of 在……范围内
out of/beyond range of 超出……的范围
(2)range v． (在一定范围内)变化；
包括(各种不同的人或物)
range from...to... 从……到……变化
range between...and... 在……与……之间变化
2．a wide range of 各种各样的，大范围的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Activities there range ________ whale watching ____ hiking and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment．
②The girl liked the new dress so much，but it was really ________ her range．
③Annual bright sunshine totals range between 1，900 _____ 2，500 hours per year．
from
to
beyond
and
④(应用文之活动介绍)除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有很多选择，比如旅游和拜访亲戚或朋友。
In addition to these traditional activities，we have _______________ choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends．
a wide range of
(1)have a fascination for 对……有吸引力
(2)fascinating adj． 极有吸引力的
(3)be fascinated with/by 对……着迷
be fascinated to do sth． 痴迷于做某事
3．fascination with 对……入迷/着迷
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①However，our fascination ______ the latest has already become common and led us in all sorts of wrong directions．
②(应用文之建议信)If you want to see this ___________ (fascinate) river and its surrounding landscape，then come to the Yellow River Scenic Area．
③Some people like to collect foreign stamps or coins，yet others are fascinated __________(collect) seashells or rare stones．
with
fascinating
to collect
④如果你回顾历史，你肯定会被许多风俗习惯和文化所吸引。
If you look back on history，___________________________________________________________．
you will certainly be fascinated with/by
many customs and cultures
(1)come into fashion 流行，开始风行
be in fashion 正流行
(go) out of fashion 过时
(2)fashionable adj． 流行的，时兴的，时髦的
4．fashion n．时尚；时兴；流行款式
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Black is popular __ fashion because it makes people appear thinner．
②This is a very small shop but there are so many ___________ (fashion) clothes in it．
③The church wedding ceremony performed in the West has now come ____ fashion in that country．
④他本不应该花多达20美元买些过时的衣服。
He shouldn't have spent as much as 20 dollars buying some clothes that are ______________．
in
fashionable
into
out of fashion
(1)devotion n． 专心；奉献；忠诚；挚爱
(2)devote v． 献身；致力；专心
devote oneself to (doing) sth．＝be devoted to (doing) sth．
致力于某事
devote...to... 把……用于……；献身；致力；专心于
(3)devoted adj． 挚爱的；忠诚的
5．devotion to 对……的挚爱/忠诚/奉献
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He wanted to devote his energies to _______ (write) novels．
②Leslie Nielsen's devotion __ acting is wonderfully inspiring．
③He has been a _______ (devote) fan of Ronaldo since he knew what football game is．
④(应用文之申请信)如果我被录用，我将全身心投入这项工作。
If I am accepted，I will ________________ the job．
writing
to
devoted
devote myself to
[名师点津] devote是及物动词，常接表示时间、精力、生命等的抽象名词作宾语，而“专心”和“奉献”的对象则由介词to引出，to后接名词或动词-ing形式。
put into practice 付诸实践
put up 建造，搭起；张贴；
举起，挂起；提高(价格)；留宿
put down 写下，记下；放下；镇压
put off 推迟；延迟
put aside 把……放一边；搁置，不考虑
6．put...into...将……投入……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①They didn't want people staring at them as they sat on the lawn，so they put ____ high walls．
②We will put _____ the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better．
③Helen had just put ______ her cell phone when she regretted refusing Peter's invitation to the party．
up
off
down
④成功者和失败者之间的区别是成功者将他们所学的东西付诸实践。
The difference between successful and unsuccessful people is that successful people__________________ the things they learn．
put into practice
approach v． (在距离或时间上)接近，靠近；着手处理
n． 接近；方法，途径
at the approach of 随着……的来临/临近
be approaching 正在/将要接近
with...approaching 在……快到的时候
7．approach to ……的方法(或途径)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It's high time that we adopted different approaches to _______ (solve) the social problem．
②I heard footsteps ___________ (approach)，so I went to welcome the guests．
solving
approaching
③随着高考的接近，很多学生变得越来越紧张。
a．__________________________________________，many students are becoming increasingly nervous．(with复合结构)
b．________________________________________，many students are becoming increasingly nervous．(as引导时间状语从句)
c．__________________________________________，many students are becoming increasingly nervous．(approach n．)
With the college entrance examination approaching
As the college entrance examination approaches
At the approach of the college entrance examination
[名师点津] approach，way，means，method等在表示“做……的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：
the approach to doing sth．
the way to do/of doing sth．
the means of doing sth．
the method of doing sth．
(1)passion n． 强烈情感，激情；酷爱
with passion 热情洋溢地，充满激情地
have a passion for 酷爱
(2)passionate adj． 热诚的，狂热的
be passionate about 对……热情
(3)passionately adv． 狂热地
8．passion for对……的热爱/酷爱
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Employees who are passionate _____ their jobs tend to be more productive workers．
②A passion ___ cooking does not necessarily have to be bad for your waistline．
③(应用文之报道)____ great passion，all the students in our school got involved in various work．
④(话题写作之语言学习)我更喜欢学习英语，因为我对它有极大的热情。
I prefer to study English because ________________________．
about
for
With
I have a great passion for it
1．强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
(教材P19)These things were real，and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential．
这些东西是真实的，在这种真实中，坎宁安看到了美好和潜力。
1．强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
[句式分析] 该句是强调句型，强调的是地点状语within their reality。
It was the kindness of people that lit the light of hope in this little boy's heart．
正是人们的善良在这个小男孩的心中点亮了希望之光。
(1)强调句型的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他成分？
(4)not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋ that＋句子其他成分。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①你是上星期日去那家杂货店的吗？
____________________ you went to that grocery store
②直到回到家乡，他才意识到离开公司是多么令人心碎。
_____________________________________ that he realized how heartbreaking it was to leave the company．
③是什么阻止他及时来到的？
________________ prevented him from coming in time
Was it last Sunday that
It was not until he arrived at his hometown
What was it that
[名师点津] It is/was...that/who...只是一个框架结构，不充当任何句子成分，所以去掉这个框架之后，剩下的部分仍能组成一个语法结构完整的句子。
(教材P20)He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered．
他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人所动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。
2．“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
[句式分析] 句中的no matter how相当于however，引导让步状语从句。
No matter how hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat．
不管你怎么努力，如果不减少你的饮食量，减肥是很困难的。
(1)no matter 与what，who，whom，which，where，when，how等疑问词连用，只能引导让步状语从句，可换成疑问词＋-ever。
(2)whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever等既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①无论我们会遇到什么困难，我们都会专心做研究。
______________________________ we may meet，we will do our research intently．
②无论你是谁，看到这样野蛮的人都会感到惊讶。
___________________________，you will be surprised at such a savage man．
Whatever/No matter what difficulty
Whoever/No matter who you are
③大家都知道，无论是谁触犯法律都会受到惩罚。
As we all know，____________________ will be punished．
④当你到了那个超级市场时，你可以买任何你喜欢的东西。
You can buy _________________ when you get to that supermarket．
whoever breaks the law
whatever you like
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I have a wide range __ interests and enjoy doing many things in my free time．
2．The government should put a lot of money ____ health care．
3．Long skirts have come ____ fashion again，and faded jeans are still __ fashion，too．
4．He was such a great guy and he talked ____ passion about science．
of
into
into
in
with
5．It was when we were posing ___ a photograph that the accident happened．
6．Venice is a ___________(fascinate) city between sea and sky．
for
fascinating
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．正是在你的帮助下，我的英语进步如此之快。
_____________________ I made such rapid progress in English．
2．无论遇到什么困难，我都不会放弃，我会不遗余力地拍摄。
____________________________________，I will never give up and spare no efforts to take photos．
3．你做的一切帮助我提高了我的英语。
____________ helped me improve my English．
It was with your help that
Whatever/No matter what difficulty I meet
What you did
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for Bill Cunningham，one of the most important American photographers of 1．___ last 50 years．
the
What made Cunningham so great He could find inspiration 2．_____ others could not，in simple，everyday scenes，such as a woman 3．_____ (ride) home on the graffiti-covered subway．Through his fascination with what people 4．____________ (wear)，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged 5．__ the people，not just to high society and big brands．
Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his 6．________ (devote) to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work．
where
riding
were wearing
to
devotion
However，Cunningham's approach to life was not 7．__________
(complicate)．Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for 8．_____ (be) a fashion photographer．
This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham 9．_______ (focus) on his craft，enabling him to capture New York's unique street style．
Cunningham's passion for photography lasted throughout his life．He was 87 when he passed away，and 10．________________ (work) right up until his last illness．
complicated
being
focused
had been working
课时分层作业(四)
点击页面进入…
（WORD版）
巩固课堂所学 · 激发学习思维
夯实基础知识 · 熟悉命题方式
自我检测提能 · 及时矫正不足
本节课掌握了哪些考点？
本节课还有什么疑问点？
课后训练
学习反思
课时小结
THANKS课时分层作业(四)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．He reminds me of my childhood，which is a _______(遥远的) memory for me．
2．The president _____(摆姿势) for a picture with the tourists and then left hurriedly．
3．He learned the bad news while shopping in a local _______(食品杂货店) store with his wife．
4．I'm more than delighted to know that you're quite interested in ancient Chinese ___________ (名人)．
5．There isn't enough _______ (联络) between teachers and parents．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．My father has a fascination ____ chess，and he always invites others to play it with him．
2．My roommate's grandmother passed ____ last week，which made her very sad．
3．Sometimes what is out __ fashion can come ____ fashion again．
4．As far as I know，David is an easy-going and _____________ (complicated) boy，so you will certainly have fun with him today．
5．When I passed his house，I observed him _______ (play) in the yard．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
A
There are so many amazing cultures around the world，each having their own unique set of traditions．In this post，we will explore four interesting cultural traditions around the world．
Giving cinnamon (肉桂) in Denmark
In the western part of Denmark，if a person is not yet married by the time they reach their 25th birthday，they will be restrained by their friends and have cinnamon thrown on them in the New Year's Eve．The unique tradition can be translated to “giving cinnamon”．
The Festival of Light in Thailand
The Festival of Light，also called “Loy Krathong”， is on the evening of the full moon on the 12th month of the Thai lunar calendar．The maker of the krathong attaches a candle to the handcrafted flower arrangement，which will be floating down riverways to pray for financial luck and happiness in the coming year．
Wife-carrying Competition in Finland
More of a competitive sport than it is a tradition，a Wife-carrying Competition in Finland．Athletes participate in a race where a male competitor carries a female competitor through an obstacle course．The winners are the fastest team，which will be awarded an interesting bonus—the wife's weight in beer．
Baking money into food in Bolivia
While many people anticipate watching fireworks and tasting delicious dishes on the New Year's Eve，Bolivians bake money into sugary dessert such as cakes．The lucky person receiving the monetary surprise can look forward to enjoying a prosperous year．
Do you want to know more Check out the following post about traditions from around the world．
1．Who will be thrown cinnamon on in Denmark
A．A 24-year-old fiancée．
B．A person who is not married over 25．
C．A father on his 25th birthday．
D．A 26-year-old divorced friend．
2．What does the traditions in Thailand and in Bolivia have in common
A．Both are celebrated in the New Year's Eve．
B．Both are concerned with the moon goddess．
C．Both involve fireworks and delicious dishes．
D．Both are related to people's wish for wealth．
3．Where will you probably find this text
A．https：//www．worldwide．com/blog．
B．https：//www．artexhibit．com/portrait．
C．https：//www．livebroadcast．com/soccer．
D．https：//www．onlinevideo．com/diasters．
B
Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives searching for truths．
Sir Isaac Newton，the seventeenth century scientist，was very smart，but nonetheless，that didn't stop him from doing some pretty stupid things．In his laboratory in Cambridge he often did the strangest experiments．Once，while testing how light passes through lenses，he put a long needle into his eye，pushed it to the back，and then moved it around just to see what would happen．Luckily，nothing long-lasting did．On another occasion he stared at the sun for as long as he could bear，to discover what effect this would have on his sight．Again he escaped suffering permanent damage，though he had to spend some days in a darkened room before his eyes recovered．
In the 1770s the Swedish chemist Carl Scheele was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus(磷)．He in fact discovered eight more chemical elements including chlorine，though he didn't get any acclaim for them．He was a very clever scientist，but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting some of every substance he worked with．This risky practice finally caught up with him，and in 1786 he was found dead in his laboratory surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals，any of which might have been responsible for his death．
Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist．He spent a large part of his life studying craters(火山口) on the moon，and how they were formed，and later did research into the comets of the planet Jupiter．In 1997 he and his wife were in the Australian desert where they went every year to search for places where comets might have hit the earth．While driving in the Tanami desert，normally one of the emptiest places in the world，another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot．Some of his ashes were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft and left there—he is the only person who has had this honor．
4．Which word is similar to the underlined word “permanent” in paragraph 2
A．Brief． B．Lasting．
C．Slight． D．Ordinary．
5．What do we know about Carl Scheele according to this text
A．He was killed by tasting phosphorus．
B．He killed himself with some dangerous chemicals．
C．His habit of tasting chemicals might account for his death．
D．He got a large number of honors for discovering many chemical elements．
6．As for Shoemaker，what can we learn from the passage
A．He was knocked over and died in a desert．
B．All of his ashes were placed on the moon．
C．One comet of Jupiter was named after him．
D．A spacecraft carrying him traveled around Jupiter．
7．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Three great scientists' famous experiments．
B．Three great scientists' great achievements．
C．Three great scientists' sacrifice for truths．
D．Three great scientists' special honors．
Ⅳ．阅读七选五
In science，advances are a daily occurrence，but true breakthroughs are rare．What does it take to achieve world-changing scientific breakthroughs Some are the result of a lucky accident，combined with curiosity．
1 One day，usually initially in their career，they get an idea they can't stop thinking about．“It's crazy，” they say to themselves，“but is it really impossible？” They talk to respected colleagues who often remind them of all the reasons that their ideas might not work，and how damaging this could be to their career．Yet，the idea won't die and they are determined to travel that road—a road that may well lead nowhere． 2
Whichever road scientists who achieve lifesaving breakthroughs travel，they often endure disinterest，like Fleming，who discovered penicillin(青霉素) due to lucky accidents and curiosity，or repeated skepticism and rejection，like Karikó， who made all mRNA vaccines possible with years of persistence and resilience．By bringing their dreams to life，they were rewarded with fame，wealth and something even more valuable． 3
Of course，the obsession (痴迷) with an unlikely dream fails to pay off for many scientists． 4 Nature doesn't turn out to operate the way they have predicted it．In the end，their beautiful theory is killed by brutal facts．For those dreamers on the right track，they would have achieved their dreams—if only they had done the experiment a little differently，if only they had persisted a little longer，or if only the support for their work had not run out．
Ultimately，scientific breakthroughs are possible only if a society is willing to invest in dreamers，recognizing that not all investments will lead to major breakthroughs． 5 Above all，the investments prevent suffering and death and change the world．
A．Some scientists are addicted to their crazy ideas．
B．Their ideas，though brilliant，in the end proves wrong．
C．But they refuse to back down and struggle to find more financial support．
D．Because of them，millions of people around the world avoid getting sick or death．
E．Other major breakthroughs originate from scientists pursuing a specific idea．
F．But sometimes the road leads to major breakthroughs like X-rays and vaccines．
G．However，the investments leading to breakthroughs bring a greater economic return．
课时分层作业(四)
Ⅰ．1．faraway 2．posed 3．grocery 4．celebrities 5．contact
Ⅱ．1．with 2．away 3．of；into 4．uncomplicated 5．playing
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B D A B C A C
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5
E F D B G
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上一些有趣的文化传统。
1．B [细节理解题。根据Giving cinnamon in Denmark部分的“In the western part of Denmark，if a person is not yet married by the time they reach their 25th birthday，they will be restrained by their friends and have cinnamon thrown on them in the New Year's Eve．”可知，一个到了25岁还没结婚的人会被扔肉桂。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据The Festival of Light in Thailand部分的“The maker of the krathong attaches a candle to the handcrafted flower arrangement，which will be floating down riverways to pray for financial luck and happiness in the coming year．”和Baking money into food in Bolivia部分的“The lucky person receiving the monetary surprise can look forward to enjoying a prosperous year．”可知，泰国和玻利维亚的这两个传统都与人们的财富愿望相关。]
3．A [文章出处题。根据第一段中的“In this post，we will explore four interesting cultural traditions around the world．”和最后一段“Do you want to know more Check out the following post about traditions from around the world．”可知，本文是一篇关于世界各地文化传统的帖子，涉及“全世界”和“文化传统”。由此推知，这篇文章最有可能在A项(https：//www．worldwide．com/blog)的网站上找到。故选A。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton，Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹。
4．B [词义猜测题。第二段列举了Isaac Newton的两个实验，在第一个实验中，为了测试光线如何穿过透镜，他把一根长针插进眼睛，推到后面，然后移动它，看看会发生什么，结果是“Luckily，nothing longlasting did．”。在第二个实验中，他久久地盯着太阳，想看看这对他的视力有什么影响，根据画线词所在句“Again he escaped suffering...before his eyes recovered．”可知，Isaac Newton不得不在一间黑暗的房间里待上几天，直到他的眼睛恢复，说明他的眼睛再一次避免了遭受永久性的伤害。结合本句中的Again可知，permanent与前文中的“longlasting”对应，意为“永久的”。故选B。]
5．C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He was a very clever scientist，but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting some of every substance he worked with...responsible for his death．”可推测，Carl Scheele喜欢品尝化学物质的习惯可能是他死亡的原因。故选C。]
6．A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While driving in the Tanami desert，normally one of the emptiest places in the world，another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot．”可知，当Shoemaker和他的妻子在塔纳米沙漠开车时，另一辆车撞上了他们，Shoemaker当场死亡。故选A。]
7．C [主旨大意题。根据第一段“Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives searching for truths．”并结合文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton，Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹可知，文章主要讲了三位伟大的科学家为真理所做的牺牲。故选C。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。在科学领域，很多突破源于幸运的意外，有时源于科学家的不断追求和不放弃。作者得出结论：只有当社会愿意投资于这些梦想家并且认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破时，才有可能获得改变世界的科学突破。
1．E [第一段第二、三句谈到“获得改变世界的科学突破需要什么呢？有些是幸运的意外加上好奇心的结果”。E项“其他重大突破源于科学家对特定想法的追求。”与上一段中的“Some are the result...curiosity．”形成照应，且空格后面的内容展开阐释了E项内容，所以E项符合语境，故选E。]
2．F [空格处前一句意为“但是，这个想法不会消亡，他们决心走那条路——一条很可能一无所获的路”。本段主要讲科学家对特定想法的追求可能会取得改变世界的科学突破，所以在讲完科学家对特定想法的追求可能产生的不良结果后，还需说明可能产生的有价值的结果(这是重点)，F项“但有时这条路会带来重大突破，如X光和疫苗。”与上句构成转折关系，与前面的“一无所获”的结果相反，符合语境，故选F。]
3．D [上文介绍了弗莱明发现青霉素，卡里科使所有mRNA疫苗成为可能，通过实现自己的梦想，这些科学家获得了名利、财富和更宝贵的东西。D项“因为他们，全世界数百万人避免了生病或死亡。”符合本段语境，故选D。]
4．B [空前谈到对许多科学家来说，痴迷于一个不太可能实现的梦并没有得到回报，结合空后两句“结果是大自然并不会像他们预测的那样运转。最终，他们美好的理论被残酷的事实扼杀”可推知，B项“他们的想法虽然很棒，但最终证明是错误的。”与上下文关系密切，符合语境，故选B。]
5．G [设空处与前后文构成的语意结构为：归根结底，只有社会愿意投资于梦想家，认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破，科学突破才有可能实现→ →最重要的是，投资可以避免痛苦和死亡，并改变世界。G项“然而，带来突破的投资会带来更大的经济回报。”与上文的“并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破”形成转折，同时，与下文形成递进关系，符合语境，故选G。]
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