Period 3 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas)
1．be made up of由……组成
(1)consist of＝be composed of＝be comprised of
由……组成/构成
(2)make up 编造；构成，组成；弥补；化妆；和解
make up for 弥补；补偿
make it 成功
make out (＝figure out) 辨认出；理解，明白
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The medical team ____ (make) up of 5 doctors and 3 nurses was sent to Africa last week．
②Men teachers make __ only a small proportion of the staff in the primary school．
③I could just make ___ a tall，pale，shadowy figure tramping through the undergrowth．
④He wanted to make up ___ his absence by bringing a gift．
⑤为大会服务的志愿者是由大学生组成的。
a．The volunteers serving the conference _______________ college students．(make up)
b．The volunteers serving the conference ____________ college students．(consist)
c．The volunteers serving the conference ________________ college students．(compose)
d．The volunteers serving the conference _________________ college students．(comprise)
2．free...from...把……从……中解放出来；使……摆脱……
be free from/of... 不受……的影响
free of charge＝for free 免费
set free 释放，使获得自由
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①They are trying to free the world ____ the threat of war．
②The building is designed to be free _______ noise pollution．
③故事最后，国王答应饶恕这个罪犯，把他放了。
The story goes that the king agrees to spare the criminal and ____________．
④现在网络提供了很多课程，学生可以免费从中选择。
a．Many lessons are now available online，from which students can choose ________．
b．Many lessons are now available online，from which students can choose ______________．
3．commander n．指挥官，长官
(1)command n．& v． 命令；指挥；掌握
under one's command 在某人的指挥下
at one's command 受某人的支配
have a good command of 精通；对……掌握熟练
in command of 掌控，指挥
(2)command sb．to do sth． 命令某人做某事
command that sb．(should) do sth． 命令某人做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①I want to become a flight _________ (command) in the future．
②He has twenty men _____ his command so he can command them to attack the enemy．
③(应用文之申请信)我写信申请成为您的助教，因为我不仅精通英语，而且善于和他人交流。
I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant，because not only do I ______________________ English but also I am good at communicating with others．
④黎明时分，指挥官命令我们立即发起进攻。
a．At dawn，___________________________________________．(command that...)
b．At dawn，______________________________________．(command sb．to do sth．)
4．objective n．目的，目标 adj．客观的；宾格的
(1)object n． 物体；目标；对象
v． 反对；不赞成
object to sb．/sth． 反对/不赞成某人/某事
object to (sb．'s) doing... 反对(某人)做……
(2)objection n． 反对/异议；不赞成
have an objection to/against (doing)...
对(做)……表示反对
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Mike decided to move to a courtyard in the countryside and his wife had no objection __________ it．
②I find it difficult to be _________ (object) where he's concerned．
③许多父母反对将孩子送去国外留学，原因是他们不想和孩子分开。
Many parents ________________________________________________ on the account that they don't want to separate with their children．
5．prepare for 为……做准备
(1)prepare sb．for sth． 让某人为某事做好准备
prepare sth． 准备好某物
(2)preparation n． 准备
make preparations for 为……做准备
in preparation for 为……做准备
(3)prepared adj． 准备好的；有所准备的
be prepared for sth． 对某种情况做好准备，防备某种情况
be prepared to do sth． 准备做某事；打算做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The world will be different，and we will have to be prepared ________ (adapt) to the change．
②Standing on the starting line，the boys began to stretch out their arms and legs __ preparation for the match．
③My roommate is optimistic and is prepared ___ university or whatever else comes in the future．
④我们准备充分之后，将在7月17日出发。
a．____________________________________，we will set off on July 17．(prepare)
b．__________________________________________，we will set off on July 17．(preparation)
6．horror n．惊恐
(1)in horror 恐惧地
to one's horror 令人惊恐的是
(2)horrible adj． 可怕的，令人恐惧的；令人讨厌的
(3)horribly adv． 极为，非常；可怕地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The ________ (horror)scene made my blood run cold and struck fear into my heart．
②He turned to the bear，looking at it __ horror．
③At the sight of the snake，the girl began to scream ________ (horrible)．
④令我恐惧的是，我意识到我的衬衫被血弄湿了。
____________，I realized my shirt was wet with blood．
7．recall v．回想，回忆起
recall doing/having done sth． 记得做过某事
recall sb．to 使某人重新注意到或意识到
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I could not recall ____________________ (hear) anyone say that before．
②It was the danger that recalled him __ a sense of duty．
③我想不起是怎么做的了。
I can't recall ____________．
[名师点津] 表示记得做过某事，recall后接动词-ing形式，不接动词不定式，但有时可接带疑问词的动词不定式。
8．barely adv．勉强才能
(1)barely enough 勉强够
barely understand 勉强理解
barely...when/before... 一……就……
(2)bare adj． 赤裸的；无遮盖的；空荡荡的；仅够的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was very old and ______ (bare) able to walk．
②The thought had barely come to me ___________ it was gone again．
③因为蒙蒙细雨，我们几乎看不到别的汽车。
___________________ the other cars because of a misty rain．
[名师点津] barely是表示否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，类似的词还有never，neither，hardly，seldom，rarely，little 等。
9．memorial adj．纪念的，追悼的
(1)memorial service/ceremony
纪念仪式/追悼会
a permanent/lasting memorial 永久的纪念
a memorial to... 对……的纪念
(2)memorize v． 记住，记忆
(3)memory n． 记忆力；回忆
in memory of 纪念
(4)memorable adj． 难忘的；值得纪念的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He suffered a loss of ______ (memorize) for weeks after the accident．
②The painting will be a permanent memorial __ a remarkable woman．
③Last July，I went to Australia for summer vacation with my best friend Lisa，which was really a _________ (memory) experience for me．
④为了纪念逝者，人们发起了一项基金来建一座纪念碑。
A fund was launched to set up a monument _____________________．
1．独立主格结构
(教材P34)Code-named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation．
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
[句式分析] 句中的the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。
The work finished，we went home．
工作完成后，我们才回家。
(1)独立主格结构的意义：独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，在句中一般作状语，其位置比较灵活，可置于主句前、主句中、主句末。
(2)独立主格结构的两个特点：
①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同，它独立存在。
②独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。
(3)独立主格结构的基本构成形式：
①名词/代词＋非谓语动词(过去分词/动词-ing形式/动词不定式)。
②名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①我们学校有三个大型多媒体教室，每个教室都配备了最新的电脑。
We have three large multi-media classrooms in our school，_______________________．
②许多树、花和草都将被种植，我们新建成的学校看起来将会更加美丽。
________________________________，our newly-built school will look even more beautiful．
③她沿着这条路散步，她的儿子紧跟其后。
She walked along the path，______________________________．
④新老师走了进来，面带微笑。
The new teacher came in，_______________________．
[名师点津] 独立主格结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
2．动词不定式(短语)作定语
(教材P35)The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit．
第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的。
[句式分析] the next one to get across the beach为the next(＋n．/pron．)＋to do...结构，意为“下一个做……的”，其中动词不定式短语作后置定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games．
她是第一位在奥林匹克运动会上获得金牌的女性。
(1)表示将来的动作，常使用动词不定式(短语)作定语。
(2)当中心词是序数词，或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时，或前有the next，the only，the last等时，常用动词不定式(短语)作后置定语。
(3)动词不定式(短语)作定语也可以修饰抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①听上去沙漠并不是最有前景的种树的地方。
A desert doesn't sound like the most promising place ______________．
②他最终做了出国留学的决定。
He made the final decision _______________．
③这个5岁的男孩是这个组里第一个表达他的想法的人。
The 5-year-old boy was the first in the group ___________________．
[名师点津] (1)动词不定式(短语)作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
(2)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具时，不定式后面需要加相应的介词。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The organization works to free children ____ poverty．
2．Hieroglyphics are a kind of writing ____ (make) up of pictures．
3．She is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory podium，they need to start from zero to prepare ___ new challenges ahead．
4．__ my horror，I discovered that my antique was missing．
5．The match was cancelled because most of the members objected to ______ (have) a match without a standard court．
6．I can recall _____________________ (play) in the park when I was a child．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．饥饿的男人坐在桌旁，焦急地等待着他的食物。(伴随状语)
The hungry man sat at the table，____________________________．
2．还有很多东西要学，我们所有的学生都期待着下一次的阅读活动。(独立主格结构)
______________，all of us students looked forward to the next reading activity．
3．他刚按铃，门就开了。(部分倒装)
_______________________________________ the door opened．
4．在教师节，我们将举行各种各样的活动以感谢终身致力于教学的老师们。(过去分词短语作后置定语)
On Teachers' Day we will hold various activities to thank the teachers __________________________________．
5．他是第一个出国深造的专家。(不定式作定语)
He was _________________________________ for further education．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
In spring 1944，along the south coast of England，something unusual was happening：Allied troops made up 1．______ (main) of British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers．It was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，and their objective was clear: 2．________ (reach) the Normandy beaches．After an order 3．______ (issue) by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower，Allied soldiers prepared for 4．____ would become known as D-Day．5．__ dawn on 6 June，thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France．Meanwhile，thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy，6．_________ (protect) by fighter planes in the skies above them．The 7．________ (fight) was fierce and many soldiers died．But，despite the high cost in human life，the D-Day landings were 8．_ success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War．
Seventy years later，men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel，where people were coming together for 9．________ (memory) ceremonies．10．_________ (survivor) of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day．We will always remember them．
Period 3
核心词汇
1．①made ②up ③out ④for ⑤were made up of；consisted of；were composed of；were comprised of
2．①from ②of/from ③set him free ④for free；free of charge
3．①commander ②under ③have a good command of
④the commander commanded that we(should) attack at once；the commander commanded us to attack at once
4．①to/against ②objective ③object to sending their children to study abroad
5．①to adapt ②in ③for ④After we have fully prepared for the trip；After we have made full preparations for the trip
6．①horrible ②in ③horribly ④To my horror
7．①hearing/having heard ②to ③how to do it
8．①barely ②when/before ③Barely could we see
9．①memory ②to ③memorable ④in memory of the dead
句法句式
1．①each equipped with the newest computers ②Many trees，flowers，and grass to be planted ③her son following close behind ④a smile on her/his face
2．①to plant trees ②to study abroad ③to express his idea
巩固落实
Ⅰ．1．from 2．made 3．for 4．To 5．having 6．playing/having played
Ⅱ．1．anxious to wait for his food 2．A lot to learn 3．Barely had he rung the bell when/before 4．devoted to teaching all their life 5．the first specialist to go abroad
Ⅲ．1．mainly 2．to reach 3．issued 4．what 5．At 6．protected 7．fighting 8．a 9．memorial 10．Survivors
1 / 1(共43张PPT)
Period 3
Unit 3 War and peace
主题语境
人与社会——重大历史事件
课时学案 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas)
(1)consist of＝be composed of＝be comprised of
由……组成/构成
1．be made up of由……组成
(2)make up 编造；构成，组成；弥补；
化妆；和解
make up for 弥补；补偿
make it 成功
make out (＝figure out) 辨认出；理解，明白
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The medical team ______ (make) up of 5 doctors and 3 nurses was sent to Africa last week．
②Men teachers make ____ only a small proportion of the staff in the primary school．
③I could just make _____ a tall，pale，shadowy figure tramping through the undergrowth．
④He wanted to make up _____ his absence by bringing a gift．
made
up
out
for
⑤为大会服务的志愿者是由大学生组成的。
a．The volunteers serving the conference _______________ college students．(make up)
b．The volunteers serving the conference ____________ college students．(consist)
c．The volunteers serving the conference ________________ college students．(compose)
d．The volunteers serving the conference _________________ college students．(comprise)
were made up of
consisted of
were composed of
were comprised of
be free from/of... 不受……的影响
free of charge＝for free 免费
set free 释放，使获得自由
2．free...from...把……从……中解放出来；使……摆脱……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①They are trying to free the world ______ the threat of war．
②The building is designed to be free _______ noise pollution．
③故事最后，国王答应饶恕这个罪犯，把他放了。
The story goes that the king agrees to spare the criminal and __________.
from
of/from
set him free
④现在网络提供了很多课程，学生可以免费从中选择。
a．Many lessons are now available online，from which students can choose ________．
b．Many lessons are now available online，from which students can choose ______________．
for free
free of charge
(1)command n．& v． 命令；指挥；掌握
under one's command 在某人的指挥下
at one's command 受某人的支配
have a good command of 精通；对……掌握熟练
in command of 掌控，指挥
(2)command sb．to do sth． 命令某人做某事
command that sb．(should) do sth．
命令某人做某事
3．commander n．指挥官，长官
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①I want to become a flight ___________ (command) in the future．
②He has twenty men _____ his command so he can command them to attack the enemy．
③(应用文之申请信)我写信申请成为您的助教，因为我不仅精通英语，而且善于和他人交流。
I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant，because not only do I ______________________ English but also I am good at communicating with others．
commander
under
have a good command of
④黎明时分，指挥官命令我们立即发起进攻。
a．At dawn，_______________________________________________.
(command that...)
b．At dawn，____________________________________________．
(command sb．to do sth．)
the commander commanded that we(should) attack at once
the commander commanded us to attack at once
(1)object n． 物体；目标；对象
v． 反对；不赞成
object to sb．/sth． 反对/不赞成某人/某事
object to (sb．'s) doing... 反对(某人)做……
(2)objection n． 反对/异议；不赞成
have an objection to/against (doing)...
对(做)……表示反对
4．objective n．目的，目标 adj．客观的；宾格的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Mike decided to move to a courtyard in the countryside and his wife had no objection __________ it．
②I find it difficult to be _________ (object) where he's concerned．
③许多父母反对将孩子送去国外留学，原因是他们不想和孩子分开。
Many parents _________________________________________ on the account that they don't want to separate with their children．
to/against
objective
object to sending their children to study abroad
(1)prepare sb．for sth． 让某人为某事做好准备
prepare sth． 准备好某物
(2)preparation n． 准备
make preparations for 为……做准备
in preparation for 为……做准备
5．prepare for 为……做准备
(3)prepared adj． 准备好的；有所准备的
be prepared for sth． 对某种情况做好准备，防备某种情况
be prepared to do sth． 准备做某事；打算做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The world will be different，and we will have to be prepared ________ (adapt) to the change．
②Standing on the starting line，the boys began to stretch out their arms and legs __ preparation for the match．
③My roommate is optimistic and is prepared ___ university or whatever else comes in the future．
to adapt
in
for
④我们准备充分之后，将在7月17日出发。
a．_________________________________，we will set off on July 17．(prepare)
b．________________________________________，we will set off on July 17．(preparation)
After we have fully prepared for the trip
After we have made full preparations for the trip
(1)in horror 恐惧地
to one's horror 令人惊恐的是
(2)horrible adj． 可怕的，令人恐惧的；令人讨厌的
(3)horribly adv． 极为，非常；可怕地
6．horror n．惊恐
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The ________ (horror)scene made my blood run cold and struck fear into my heart．
②He turned to the bear，looking at it __ horror．
③At the sight of the snake，the girl began to scream ________ (horrible)．
④令我恐惧的是，我意识到我的衬衫被血弄湿了。
______________，I realized my shirt was wet with blood．
horrible
in
horribly
To my horror
recall doing/having done sth． 记得做过某事
recall sb．to 使某人重新注意到或意识到
7．recall v．回想，回忆起
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I could not recall _________________ (hear) anyone say that before．
②It was the danger that recalled him __ a sense of duty．
③我想不起是怎么做的了。
I can't recall ____________．
[名师点津] 表示记得做过某事，recall后接动词-ing形式，不接动词不定式，但有时可接带疑问词的动词不定式。
hearing/having heard
to
how to do it
(1)barely enough 勉强够
barely understand 勉强理解
barely...when/before... 一……就……
(2)bare adj． 赤裸的；无遮盖的；空荡荡的；仅够的
8．barely adv．勉强才能
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was very old and ______ (bare) able to walk．
②The thought had barely come to me ___________ it was gone again．
③因为蒙蒙细雨，我们几乎看不到别的汽车。
___________________ the other cars because of a misty rain．
[名师点津] barely是表示否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，类似的词还有never，neither，hardly，seldom，rarely，little 等。
barely
when/before
Barely could we see
(1)memorial service/ceremony
纪念仪式/追悼会
a permanent/lasting memorial 永久的纪念
a memorial to... 对……的纪念
(2)memorize v． 记住，记忆
(3)memory n． 记忆力；回忆
in memory of 纪念
(4)memorable adj． 难忘的；值得纪念的
9．memorial adj．纪念的，追悼的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He suffered a loss of ________ (memorize) for weeks after the accident．
②The painting will be a permanent memorial __ a remarkable woman．
③Last July，I went to Australia for summer vacation with my best friend Lisa，which was really a _________ (memory) experience for me．
④为了纪念逝者，人们发起了一项基金来建一座纪念碑。
A fund was launched to set up a monument _____________________．
memory
to
memorable
in memory of the dead
(教材P34)Code-named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation．
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
1．独立主格结构
[句式分析] 句中的the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。
The work finished，we went home．
工作完成后，我们才回家。
(1)独立主格结构的意义：独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，在句中一般作状语，其位置比较灵活，可置于主句前、主句中、主句末。
(2)独立主格结构的两个特点：
①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同，它独立存在。
②独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。
(3)独立主格结构的基本构成形式：
①名词/代词＋非谓语动词(过去分词/动词-ing形式/动词不定式)。
②名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①我们学校有三个大型多媒体教室，每个教室都配备了最新的电脑。
We have three large multi-media classrooms in our school，__________________________________________．
②许多树、花和草都将被种植，我们新建成的学校看起来将会更加美丽。
_______________________________________，our newly-built school will look even more beautiful．
each
equipped with the newest computers
Many trees，flowers，and grass to be planted
③她沿着这条路散步，她的儿子紧跟其后。
She walked along the path，__________________________．
④新老师走了进来，面带微笑。
The new teacher came in，_______________________．
[名师点津] 独立主格结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
her son following close behind
a smile on her/his face
(教材P35)The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit．
第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的。
2．动词不定式(短语)作定语
[句式分析] the next one to get across the beach为the next(＋n．/pron．)＋to do...结构，意为“下一个做……的”，其中动词不定式短语作后置定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games．
她是第一位在奥林匹克运动会上获得金牌的女性。
(1)表示将来的动作，常使用动词不定式(短语)作定语。
(2)当中心词是序数词，或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时，或前有the next，the only，the last等时，常用动词不定式(短语)作后置定语。
(3)动词不定式(短语)作定语也可以修饰抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①听上去沙漠并不是最有前景的种树的地方。
A desert doesn't sound like the most promising place _____________．
②他最终做了出国留学的决定。
He made the final decision _______________．
③这个5岁的男孩是这个组里第一个表达他的想法的人。
The 5-year-old boy was the first in the group ___________________．
to plant trees
to study abroad
to express his idea
[名师点津] (1)动词不定式(短语)作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
(2)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具时，不定式后面需要加相应的介词。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The organization works to free children ____ poverty．
2．Hieroglyphics are a kind of writing ______ (make) up of pictures．
3．She is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory podium，they need to start from zero to prepare ___ new challenges ahead．
4．____ my horror，I discovered that my antique was missing．
from
made
for
To
5．The match was cancelled because most of the members objected to ______ (have) a match without a standard court．
6．I can recall ___________________ (play) in the park when I was a child．
having
playing/having played
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．饥饿的男人坐在桌旁，焦急地等待着他的食物。(伴随状语)
The hungry man sat at the table，_______________________．
2．还有很多东西要学，我们所有的学生都期待着下一次的阅读活动。(独立主格结构)
______________，all of us students looked forward to the next reading activity．
3．他刚按铃，门就开了。(部分倒装)
__________________________________ the door opened．
anxious to wait for his food
A lot to learn
Barely had he rung the bell when/before
4．在教师节，我们将举行各种各样的活动以感谢终身致力于教学的老师们。(过去分词短语作后置定语)
On Teachers' Day we will hold various activities to thank the teachers ____________________________．
5．他是第一个出国深造的专家。(不定式作定语)
He was __________________________ for further education．
devoted to teaching all their life
the first specialist to go abroad
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
In spring 1944，along the south coast of England，something unusual was happening：Allied troops made up 1．______ (main) of British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers．It was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，and their objective was clear: 2．________ (reach) the Normandy beaches．After an order 3．______ (issue) by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower，Allied soldiers prepared for
mainly
to reach
issued
4．______ would become known as D-Day．5．____ dawn on 6 June，thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France．Meanwhile，thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy，6．_________ (protect) by fighter planes in the skies above them．The 7．________ (fight) was fierce and many soldiers died．But，despite the high cost in human life，the D-Day landings were 8．___ success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War．
what
At
protected
fighting
a
Seventy years later，men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel，where people were coming together for 9．________ (memory) ceremonies．10．_________ (survivor) of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day．We will always remember them．
memorial
Survivors
课时分层作业(七)
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（WORD版）
巩固课堂所学 · 激发学习思维
夯实基础知识 · 熟悉命题方式
自我检测提能 · 及时矫正不足
本节课掌握了哪些考点？
本节课还有什么疑问点？
课后训练
学习反思
课时小结
THANKS课时分层作业(七)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The significance of ________ (纪念的) days goes far beyond celebrations．
2．The bad weather conditions forced the pilot to make an emergency _______ (着陆)．
3．In fact，we have made ___________ (杰出的) achievements in educational，economic and cultural development since we implemented the reform and opening-up policy．
4．He，along with Mum，________ (回想) a lot of sweet memories in their youth．
5．The organization was formed in 1996，with the _________ (目的)of providing help for those in need．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．She turned around __ horror at the sight of so much blood．
2．Jim's spoken English is so poor that we can ______ (bare) understand what he means．
3．A few years ago，the poor kid was living in poverty，surrounded by criminals and ________ (violent)．
4．To free ourselves ____ physical and mental tension，we all need deep thought and inner quietness．
5．As we know，this famous commander played an important role in __________ (liberate) the city．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
A
Here is a list of festivals and events taking place throughout Ontario．You can choose whatever suits you．
Family Day Geocaching(地理寻宝) Event
Date：December 21 Admission：$24.35
The event will start with an introduction to geocaching．After one practice，we'll review important geocaching rules，helpful clues，and safety considerations．All equipment is provided．Children under 12 must be accompanied by paying adults．
Contact：Shawn Hermans．
Winter Glow
Date：December 4－27，5：30 pm－11：00 pm Admission：$40 per person
Experience a family-friendly outdoor winter festival as you celebrate the magic of winter with ice and snow sculptures，life-size snow globes，light show and more!
Contact：Julie．
Barrie Winterfest
Date：February 4－5，10：00 am－5：00 pm
Grab your gloves and celebrate winter! Enjoy spectacular ice & snow sculptures，lumberjack (伐木工) shows，polar bear dip，family entertainment，drop-in activities，pancake breakfast，and skating．
Contact：Arin Donnelly．
Bridges Festival
Date：December 12－14 Admission：$0－35
Puppetry(木偶戏) and the animation of inanimate objects are some of the oldest art forms known to humans．But giving life to lifeless objects is not an art form of the past．We are proud to present world class puppetry and animation shorts to local audiences in Mississauga．
Contact：Aimee Poulin．
1．Which activity is unsuitable for a 10-year-old kid alone
A．Bridges Festival．
B．Barrie Winterfest．
C．Family Day Geocaching Event．
D．Winter Glow．
2．What do Winter Glow and Barrie Winterfest have in common
A．They last two days．
B．They have polar bear dip．
C．They charge the same price．
D．They provide ice programs．
3．If you want to watch puppetry，who should you contact
A．Julie．
B．Arin Donnelly．
C．Shawn Hermans．
D．Aimee Poulin．
B
On January 26，1945，Audie Murphy and some 40 U．S．troops sat shaking in the cold near the Alsatian town of Holtzwihr．Just after 2：00 pm，the stillness of winter was suddenly broken．In the distance，some 250 German troops and 6 tanks emerged from the woods．
At just 19 years old，the baby-faced Texan had already won two Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross，and he was leading men 10 years his senior into battle．
Murphy knew that his men stood no chance against so large a force，so he instructed most of them to withdraw to pre-prepared defensive positions along a nearby tree line．As they ran for cover，he stayed behind and used his field telephone to call in an artillery strike．He did not have enough time to contact their artillery commander before salvos(齐射) of German tank fire erupted around him．
Murphy saw their tank destroyer slowly burning，but he saw that its machine was still operational．He quickly seized the gun and opened fire on the German troops nearest his position．
From their cover on the edge of the tree line，most of Murphy's troops could only watch in shock．“I expected to see the whole tank destroyer blow up under him any minute，”Private Anthony Abramski later wrote．In fact，the blaze may have saved Murphy's life．Many of the German troops and tank commanders couldn't see him behind the smoke and flames．
Audie Murphy was called a national hero and awarded the Medal of Honor．Murphy returned home in June 1945．He later started a film career that included more than 40 credits，most of them in Westerns and war films．Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy，who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home．He later urged the U．S．government to provide better mental healthcare for its soldiers．He also hoped people would always live in peace．
4．What do we know about Murphy before the battle
A．He wasn't known to anyone．
B．He had received many awards．
C．He was the oldest in his troops．
D．He wasn't thought highly of by others．
5．How did Murphy react when seeing the German troops
A．He hesitated to take action．
B．He was too frightened to do anything．
C．He became excited and decided to attack．
D．He withdrew his troops to an unexposed position．
6．Which of the following played a role in saving Murphy's life
A．The cover of the nearby tree line．
B．The help offered by the artillery commander．
C．His being invisible behind smoke and flames．
D．His skill in operating the tank destroyer．
7．What can be inferred about Murphy's post-war life
A．He left the horrors of combat behind him．
B．He encouraged people to honor war heroes．
C．He greatly suffered mentally．
D．He failed to find a job．
Ⅳ．阅读七选五
Most of us assume those hyper-achievers who are always able to squeeze in their workout，eat healthy foods and pick their kids up on time must have superhuman self-control．But science points to a different answer： 1 ．The only catch is that building good habits takes effort and insight．Thankfully，here are a few research-backed steps that can set you on the path to where you want to be．
Set a specific goal
The way you define the goal you hope to turn into a habit does matter．Goals like “meditate regularly” are too abstract，research has shown． 2 ．Don't say “I'll meditate regularly．” Say，“I'll meditate for 15 minutes each day．” This is actually key to habit formation，making the task easy to carry out，but it's often overlooked．
Create a detailed，cue-based plan
3 ．Scientists have proven that you'll make more progress towards your goal if you decide not just what you'll do，but when and where you'll be cued to do it．Making this kind of plan reduces the chances you'll forget to follow through because the when and where in your plan will serve as cues to action．
A plan like “I'll study Spanish for 30 minutes every weekday” is OK．But a detailed，cue-based plan like “Every workday after my last meeting，I'll spend 30 minutes studying Spanish in my office” is more likely to stick as a habit．
4
We're strongly influenced by the behaviors of the people around us，evidence shows．Want to start running regularly You're probably better off joining an established running club than asking a few friends who aren't yet in the habit of jogging to get in shape with you．
However，it's important not to get too crazy—if you try to train with marathoners when you're just hoping to work up to a 5K，it can be discouraging．
Make it fun to repeat
Research has shown you'll persist longer and ultimately achieve more if you focus on finding ways to make goal pursuit fun．One excellent way is to try “temptation bundling”．Research shows that temptation bundling improves follow-through; it transforms goal pursuit into a source of pleasure，not pain． 5 ．
A．Find the right kind of social support
B．Tell your friends and family about your goals
C．What we mistake for willpower is often a natural outcome of habit
D．You'll benefit from being more specific about what exactly you aim to do and how often
E．Having a bite-size objective makes it less daunting to get started and easier to see your progress
F．Now you have established a specific goal，it's time to think about what will cue you to follow through
G．For example，watch your favorite show while at the gym or enjoy a beloved podcast while cooking healthy meals
课时分层作业(七)
Ⅰ．1．memorial 2．landing 3．outstanding 4．recalled 5．objective
Ⅱ．1．in 2．barely 3．violence 4．from 5．liberating
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
C D D B D C C
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5
C D F A G
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在安大略省举行的节日和活动。
1．C [细节理解题。根据Family Day Geocaching Event部分中的“Children under 12 must be accompanied by paying adults．”可知，Family Day Geocaching Event不适合10岁的孩子单独参加。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据Winter Glow部分中的“Experience a familyfriendly outdoor winter festival as you celebrate the magic of winter with ice and snow sculptures，lifesize snow globes，light show and more！”和Barrie Winterfest部分中的“Enjoy spectacular ice & snow sculptures，lumberjack shows，polar bear dip，family entertainment，dropin activities，pancake breakfast，and skating．”可知，Winter Glow和Barrie Winterfest都提供冰项目。]
3．D [细节理解题。根据Bridges Festival部分中的“We are proud to present world class puppetry and animation shorts to local audiences in Mississauga．”和“Contact：Aimee Poulin”可知，如果你想看木偶戏，你应该联系Aimee Poulin。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战役中的英勇行为。
4．B [细节理解题。根据第二段“At just 19 years old，the babyfaced Texan had already won two Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross，and he was leading men 10 years his senior into battle．”可知，在这次战役前墨菲已经获得了很多奖。]
5．D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Murphy knew that his men stood no chance against so large a force，so he instructed most of them to withdraw to preprepared defensive positions along a nearby tree line．”可知，墨菲让他的部队撤退到有掩护的地方。]
6．C [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In fact，the blaze may have saved Murphy's life．Many of the German troops and tank commanders couldn't see him behind the smoke and flames．”可知，墨菲身边的烟雾和战火使得敌军看不到他，因此他才得以幸存。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy，who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home．”可知，战后墨菲在精神上饱受折磨。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建立好习惯的四个步骤：设定具体目标、制订详细计划、找到合适的团队、让重复变得有趣。
1．C [前文介绍了大多数人的想法——超级成功者有超人的自制力，But表示转折，说明下文与上文观点是不一样的，C项“我们误认为意志力的东西往往是习惯的自然结果。”符合语境，说明科学给出了不同的答案，意志力是习惯养成的结果。故选C。]
2．D [根据本段小标题“Set a specific goal”可知，本段建议设定具体的目标，前文说明目标不要太抽象，而要设定一些具体的目标，因此推断D项“更具体地说明你的目标是什么以及多久做一次，你会从中受益。”符合语境，符合本段主旨：设定具体目标。与前文是转折关系。specific是关键词。故选D。]
3．F [根据本段小标题“Create a detailed，cuebased plan”以及前一段的小标题“Set a specific goal”可知，本段讲述了在确定目标后，接下来应该如何做。因此推断F项“既然你已经设定了一个具体的目标，那么是时候考虑如何帮助你坚持到底了。”符合语境。故选F。]
4．A [空处为段落标题。根据下文可推断，本段建议寻求合适的社会支持。A项“寻找适当种类的社会支持”符合题意。故选A。]
5．G [根据段落标题“Make it fun to repeat”可知，本段讲述重复是可以有趣的，前文说明如果把目标变得有趣，就会坚持得更久，目标就会成为快乐的源泉，并提出了“诱惑捆绑”的办法，因此推断G项“例如，在健身房看你最喜欢的节目，或者在做健康的饭菜时享受你喜欢的播客。”符合语境，举例介绍“诱惑捆绑”方法的使用。故选G。]
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