(共43张PPT)
Period 5
Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
主题语境
人与社会——科技发展与信息技术创新
1．What's the text mainly about
A．Jimmy and his parents．
B．The relationship between Jimmy and Robutt．
C．The life on the Moon．
D．The dog from Earth．
课时练案 课文整体教学(Developing ideas)
√
2．What can we learn from paragraph 4
A．Jimmy was thicker and stubbier than Earth-born human beings．
B．Jimmy was well adapted to the gravity on the Moon．
C．The spacesuit was too light，and its gravity was nonexistent．
D．The entire crater was brightly lit by the nearly full Earth．
√
3．From the conversation between the father and the son，what can we conclude about Robutt
A．Robutt was a real dog from Earth．
B．Robutt was a real dog living on the Moon．
C．Robutt was a mechanical dog．
D．Robutt was the first real dog on the Moon．
√
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．Jimmy's father didn't like Robutt．
B．Robutt is completely different from a real dog．
C．Jimmy is much lighter than Earth-born humans．
D．Despite his father's advice，Jimmy would keep Robutt．
√
1．go through经历；检查，浏览；穿过；(法律、合同等正式)通过
①(教材P58)He's at the rocket station，going through the tests． ____
②Before handing in my essay，I went through it again． __________
③Go through this gate，and you'll see the house on your left． ____
④The bill didn't go through in the congress． ____
经历
检查，浏览
穿过
通过
2．slope v．倾斜，成斜坡 n．斜坡
①(教材P58)The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth，which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit． _______________
②The street must have been on a slope． _______
v．倾斜，成斜坡
n．斜坡
1．(学会断句)The outer side/of the crater/sloped southward and the Earth，which was low/in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit．
[分析] 此句是and连接的________句。第二个分句中which 引导____________从句，先行词为_________；so that 引导________从句。
[翻译] ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
并列复合
非限制性定语
the Earth
结果状语
环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
2．(学会断句)Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs/and tendons of steel．
[分析] 此句是__________句。expert though he was 是让步状语从句的倒装结构，相当于though he was an expert；who 引导____________从句，对______ 进行补充说明。
[翻译] ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(主从)复合
非限制性定语
Robutt
论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
3．(学会断句)Jimmy couldn't go wrong/while Robutt was around，tripping him/when he was too near a rock，or jumping on him to show/how much he loved him，or circling around and squeaking low and scared/when Jimmy hid behind a rock，when all the time Robutt knew well enough/where he was．
[分析] 此句是________句。while引导的是________从句；tripping...jumping...circling...squeaking...是动词-ing形式短语作____状语；when he was too near a rock和when Jimmy hid behind a rock 是两个________从句；how much he loved him是____从句；when all the time...he was是________从句，when 意为“____”。
主从复合
时间状语
伴随
时间状语
宾语
让步状语
不论
[翻译] ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
只要有罗布特相伴，吉米就没有危险。当吉米过于靠近一块岩石时，它会扑倒他；罗布特还会扑向他，以表达爱意；当吉米藏在岩石后面时，罗布特就原地打转，低吼，战战兢兢，不论什么时候，罗布特都对吉米的位置了如指掌。
4．(学会断句)Jimmy looked at Robutt，who was squeaking again，a very low，slow squeak/that seemed frightened．
[分析] 此句是一个____句。who引导的是____________从句，对______进行补充说明；that引导的是__________从句，修饰______；a very low，slow squeak是Robutt的______。
[翻译] ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
复合
非限制性定语
Robutt
限制性定语
squeak
同位语
吉米看着又在吼叫的罗布特，它的叫声非常低沉缓慢，好像受到了惊吓。
1．(续写佳句)Robutt，who could hear him by radio，squeaked and bounded after．
靠电波辨认声音的罗布特发出叫声，跳着跑向吉米。
2．(续写佳句)Jimmy looked at Robutt，who was squeaking again，a very low，slow squeak that seemed frightened．Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound．
吉米看着又在吼叫的罗布特，它的叫声非常低沉缓慢，好像受到了惊吓。吉米伸出双臂，罗布特一跃，跳了上去。
3．(续写佳句)Jimmy held Robutt tightly．He was frowning，too，and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind．
吉米紧紧抱着罗布。他也皱着眉头，脸上的坚定表明他不愿改变心意。
(1)be desperate for sth． 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth． 渴望做某事
in desperate need of... 迫切需要……
(2)desperation n． 绝望；拼命；铤而走险
in desperation 在绝望中；拼命地
(3)desperately adv． 拼命地，绝望地；极度地
1．desperate adj．拼命的，绝望的；非常需要的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①After several years of hard study，he was desperate _______ (pass)the College Entrance Examination and enter an ideal university．
②It was a hummingbird，___________ (desperate) trying to escape．
③The children are in desperate need __ love and attention．
④In ___________ (desperate)，they jumped out of the window to escape the fire．
to pass
desperately
of
desperation
⑤(应用文之申请信)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者，我的确希望您给我这个宝贵的机会。
_____________ the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity．
Desperate for
(1)shock n． 休克；吃惊，震惊；令人震惊的事
v． 使震惊
a (great) shock to... 让……(非常)震惊
It is/was a shock to hear/find/discover that...
听说/发现……很震惊。
2．in shock吃惊地；处于极度震惊状态
(2)shocked adj． 震惊的，惊愕的；十分厌恶的
be shocked at/by sb．/sth． 对……感到震惊；
对……感到十分厌恶
be shocked to do sth． 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj． 令人震惊的；令人气愤的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I was shocked _______ (hear) that the old castle had been destroyed．
②It's ________ (shock) that they involved children in the crime．
③All of us were shocked _____ the news that many deaths had been caused by the heavy rain．
④For a moment，neither of us moved，we were still __ shock．
to hear
shocking
at/by
in
⑤(应用文之情绪描写)这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了，她开始哭了起来。
The news was ________________________ and she started to cry．
a great shock to the poor girl
fault n． 过错；缺点；故障
find fault with... 对……不满/挑剔
be at fault 有过错的；有责任的
It is/was one's fault that... ……是某人的错。
3．faulty adj．有故障的，有缺陷的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This iron is guaranteed for a year against _____ (fault) workmanship．
②When a quarrel happens in a family，it is very hard to say who is __ fault．
③Life can be great when you are not busy finding fault ____ it．
④(读后续写之动作及心理描写)露比低下了头，感到遗憾和羞愧，因为她意识到是她的错让他们陷入了这种境地。
Hanging her head down，Ruby felt so regretful and shameful because she realized __________________ put them into such a situation．
faulty
at
with
it was her fault that
comment n． 评论
v． 评论；表达意见
no comment 无可奉告
comment on/upon... 对……评论
comment that... 评论……
4．make a comment/comments on对……作出评论
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The official declined to comment _______ the matter．
②He commented ____ the two essays were rather similar．
③The tutor's __________ (comment) on my work were very apt and to the point．
④Facing the reporter's question，he declined to make comments
______the event．
on/upon
that
comments
on
⑤评论别人的外貌是不礼貌的。
a．It is impolite to __________ others' appearance．(comment v．)
b．It is impolite to ________________ others' appearance．(comment n．)
comment on
make comments on
(1)be consistent with 与……一致/吻合
be consistent in 在……方面一致
(2)consist vi． 由……组成/构成；在于
consist in 在于；存在于
consist of＝be made up of 由……组成
(3)consistently adv． 一贯地，一致地；始终如一地
consistency n． 一致性，连贯性
5．consistent adj．一贯的，一致的；始终如一的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Life mainly consists __ happiness and sorrow while happiness consists __ struggle．
②It's important to show some ___________ (consistent) in your work．
③It's not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives，but what we do ____________ (consistent)．
of
in
consistency
consistently
④(应用文之建议信)总之，你说的应该和你做的一致，否则别人不会相信你。
In summary，what you say ________________________________，otherwise others will not believe in you．
should be consistent with what you do
(教材P59)Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel．
论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
1．though引导让步状语从句
[句式分析] 此句中 though意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，将表语提前，构成部分倒装。
Unsatisfied though he was with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience．
虽然他对报酬不满意，但他接受这份工作只是为了获得一些工作经验。
(1)though/as引导让步状语从句时可把表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成部分倒装。提前的名词前不带冠词。
(2)as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装；though 可倒装，也可使用正常语序；although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Child _________ he was，he had the capacity to tell what was the right thing to do．
②On the way，_______________ some students fell behind，they kept running to the finishing line．
③Although she was tired and exhausted，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse．
→________________________________，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse．(倒装句)
as/though
although/though
Tired and exhausted as/though she was
(教材P62)It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table．
直到一个小时后，他才注意到卡罗琳把她的紧急呼叫装置忘在早餐桌上了。
2．强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
[句式分析] 本句为强调句型，句型结构为：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分。
It was not until the 1970s that Tu Youyou succeeded in discovering qinghaosu．
直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才成功地发现了青蒿素。
(1)not...until...直到……才……
(2)not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①It was not until I followed this feeling to its source ____ I discovered I had a passion for writing．
②I didn't really realize the value of friends _____ I left my hometown．
that
until
③I wasn't aware that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened until I experienced the accident．
→__________________________________________ bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened．(倒装句)
→________________________________________ I was aware that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened．(强调句型)
Not until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was not until I experienced the accident that
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．At the sight of Mr Willow，Jack and Frey froze __ shock．
2．Not until he went _______ real hardship did he realise the love we have for our families is important．
3．Some people are desperate ___ friends but don't want to pay out．
4．If your behaviour is not consistent ____ your words，you're bound to lose your friends．
5．After watching the movie，she made _ positive comment on it．
in
through
for
with
a
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．他感到好像跑了一场马拉松似的。
It felt ____________________ a marathon．
2．虽然我们很累，但我们精神很好。
_____________________，we were in high spirits．
3．直到几年后，我才意识到这份礼物真正的重要性。
________________________________ I realised the real importance of the gift．
as though/if he had run
Tired though/as we were
It was not until several years later that
4．汤姆仍然对生活满怀希望，如同十年前一样。
Tom is still hopeful about his life _____________________．
5．不用的时候关掉水龙头，这样可以节省很多水。
Turn off the taps when they're not in use _______________________________．
as he was ten years ago
so that much water can be
saved
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Jimmy，whose arms and legs were long and agile，was Moon-born．He could handle the lunar gravity 1．__ no Earth-born human being could．However，he couldn't visit Earth，so his father，2．___ had left Earth 15 years ago，3．_______ (bring) a real dog for him，though he had a mechanical dog，Robutt．
as
who
brought
Jimmy's father explained to him what 4．_ real dog was and some other boy or girl would keep Robutt．Jimmy frowned．He said that Robutt understood 5．___ (he)．His father continued to talk about the 6．__________ (differ) between Robutt and the dog，7．______ (say) that the dog would really love him while Robutt was just adjusted 8．______ (act) as though it loved him．
Jimmy held Robutt 9．_______ (tight) and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind．He said，“I love Robutt and that's what 10．______ (count)．”
a
him
difference
saying
to act
tightly
counts
课时分层作业(十一)
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（WORD版）
巩固课堂所学 · 激发学习思维
夯实基础知识 · 熟悉命题方式
自我检测提能 · 及时矫正不足
本节课掌握了哪些考点？
本节课还有什么疑问点？
课后训练
学习反思
课时小结
THANKSPeriod 5 课文整体教学(Developing ideas)
1．What's the text mainly about
A．Jimmy and his parents．
B．The relationship between Jimmy and Robutt．
C．The life on the Moon．
D．The dog from Earth．
2．What can we learn from paragraph 4
A．Jimmy was thicker and stubbier than Earth-born human beings．
B．Jimmy was well adapted to the gravity on the Moon．
C．The spacesuit was too light，and its gravity was nonexistent．
D．The entire crater was brightly lit by the nearly full Earth．
3．From the conversation between the father and the son，what can we conclude about Robutt
A．Robutt was a real dog from Earth．
B．Robutt was a real dog living on the Moon．
C．Robutt was a mechanical dog．
D．Robutt was the first real dog on the Moon．
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．Jimmy's father didn't like Robutt．
B．Robutt is completely different from a real dog．
C．Jimmy is much lighter than Earth-born humans．
D．Despite his father's advice，Jimmy would keep Robutt．
1．go through经历；检查，浏览；穿过；(法律、合同等正式)通过
①(教材P58)He's at the rocket station，going through the tests． __
②Before handing in my essay，I went through it again． _____
③Go through this gate，and you'll see the house on your left． __
④The bill didn't go through in the congress． __
2．slope v．倾斜，成斜坡 n．斜坡
①(教材P58)The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth，which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit． _______
②The street must have been on a slope． ____
1．(学会断句)The outer side/of the crater/sloped southward and the Earth，which was low/in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit．
[分析] 此句是and连接的____句。第二个分句中which 引导______从句，先行词为_________；so that 引导____从句。
[翻译] __________________________________________________________
2．(学会断句)Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs/and tendons of steel．
[分析] 此句是______句。expert though he was 是让步状语从句的倒装结构，相当于though he was an expert；who 引导______从句，对______ 进行补充说明。
[翻译] __________________________________________________________
3．(学会断句)Jimmy couldn't go wrong/while Robutt was around，tripping him/when he was too near a rock，or jumping on him to show/how much he loved him，or circling around and squeaking low and scared/when Jimmy hid behind a rock，when all the time Robutt knew well enough/where he was．
[分析] 此句是____句。while引导的是____从句；tripping...jumping...circling...squeaking...是动词-ing形式短语作__状语；when he was too near a rock和when Jimmy hid behind a rock 是两个____从句；how much he loved him是__从句；when all the time...he was是____从句，when 意为“__”。
[翻译] __________________________________________________________
4．(学会断句)Jimmy looked at Robutt，who was squeaking again，a very low，slow squeak/that seemed frightened．
[分析] 此句是一个__句。who引导的是______从句，对______进行补充说明；that引导的是_____从句，修饰______；a very low，slow squeak是Robutt的___。
[翻译] __________________________________________________________
1．(续写佳句)Robutt，who could hear him by radio，squeaked and bounded after．
靠电波辨认声音的罗布特发出叫声，跳着跑向吉米。
2．(续写佳句)Jimmy looked at Robutt，who was squeaking again，a very low，slow squeak that seemed frightened．Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound．
吉米看着又在吼叫的罗布特，它的叫声非常低沉缓慢，好像受到了惊吓。吉米伸出双臂，罗布特一跃，跳了上去。
3．(续写佳句)Jimmy held Robutt tightly．He was frowning，too，and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind．
吉米紧紧抱着罗布。他也皱着眉头，脸上的坚定表明他不愿改变心意。
1．desperate adj．拼命的，绝望的；非常需要的
(1)be desperate for sth． 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth． 渴望做某事
in desperate need of... 迫切需要……
(2)desperation n． 绝望；拼命；铤而走险
in desperation 在绝望中；拼命地
(3)desperately adv． 拼命地，绝望地；极度地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①After several years of hard study，he was desperate _______ (pass)the College Entrance Examination and enter an ideal university．
②It was a hummingbird，___________ (desperate) trying to escape．
③The children are in desperate need __ love and attention．
④In ___________ (desperate)，they jumped out of the window to escape the fire．
⑤(应用文之申请信)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者，我的确希望您给我这个宝贵的机会。
_____________ the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity．
2．in shock吃惊地；处于极度震惊状态
(1)shock n． 休克；吃惊，震惊；令人震惊的事
v． 使震惊
a (great) shock to... 让……(非常)震惊
It is/was a shock to hear/find/discover that...
听说/发现……很震惊。
(2)shocked adj． 震惊的，惊愕的；十分厌恶的
be shocked at/by sb．/sth． 对……感到震惊；对……感到十分厌恶
be shocked to do sth． 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj． 令人震惊的；令人气愤的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I was shocked _______ (hear) that the old castle had been destroyed．
②It's ________ (shock) that they involved children in the crime．
③All of us were shocked _____ the news that many deaths had been caused by the heavy rain．
④For a moment，neither of us moved，we were still __ shock．
⑤(应用文之情绪描写)这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了，她开始哭了起来。
The news was ______________________________ and she started to cry．
3．faulty adj．有故障的，有缺陷的
fault n． 过错；缺点；故障
find fault with... 对……不满/挑剔
be at fault 有过错的；有责任的
It is/was one's fault that...
……是某人的错。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This iron is guaranteed for a year against ______ (fault) workmanship．
②When a quarrel happens in a family，it is very hard to say who is __ fault．
③Life can be great when you are not busy finding fault ____ it．
④(读后续写之动作及心理描写)露比低下了头，感到遗憾和羞愧，因为她意识到是她的错让他们陷入了这种境地。
Hanging her head down，Ruby felt so regretful and shameful because she realized _____________________ put them into such a situation．
4．make a comment/comments on对……作出评论
comment n． 评论
v． 评论；表达意见
no comment 无可奉告
comment on/upon... 对……评论
comment that... 评论……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The official declined to comment _______ the matter．
②He commented ____ the two essays were rather similar．
③The tutor's ________ (comment) on my work were very apt and to the point．
④Facing the reporter's question，he declined to make comments____the event．
⑤评论别人的外貌是不礼貌的。
a．It is impolite to __________ others' appearance．(comment v．)
b．It is impolite to ________________ others' appearance．(comment n．)
5．consistent adj．一贯的，一致的；始终如一的
(1)be consistent with 与……一致/吻合
be consistent in 在……方面一致
(2)consist vi． 由……组成/构成；在于
consist in 在于；存在于
consist of＝be made up of 由……组成
(3)consistently adv． 一贯地，一致地；始终如一地
consistency n． 一致性，连贯性
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Life mainly consists __ happiness and sorrow while happiness consists __ struggle．
②It's important to show some ___________ (consistent) in your work．
③It's not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives，but what we do ____________ (consistent)．
④(应用文之建议信)总之，你说的应该和你做的一致，否则别人不会相信你。
In summary，what you say ______________________________________otherwise others will not believe in you．
1．though引导让步状语从句
(教材P59)Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel．
论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
[句式分析] 此句中 though意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，将表语提前，构成部分倒装。
Unsatisfied though he was with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience．
虽然他对报酬不满意，但他接受这份工作只是为了获得一些工作经验。
(1)though/as引导让步状语从句时可把表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成部分倒装。提前的名词前不带冠词。
(2)as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装；though 可倒装，也可使用正常语序；although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Child _________ he was，he had the capacity to tell what was the right thing to do．
②On the way，_______________ some students fell behind，they kept running to the finishing line．
③Although she was tired and exhausted，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse．
→_____________________________________，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse．(倒装句)
2．强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
(教材P62)It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table．
直到一个小时后，他才注意到卡罗琳把她的紧急呼叫装置忘在早餐桌上了。
[句式分析] 本句为强调句型，句型结构为：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分。
It was not until the 1970s that Tu Youyou succeeded in discovering qinghaosu．
直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才成功地发现了青蒿素。
(1)not...until...直到……才……
(2)not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①It was not until I followed this feeling to its source ____ I discovered I had a passion for writing．
②I didn't really realize the value of friends _____ I left my hometown．
③I wasn't aware that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened until I experienced the accident．
→_____________________________________________________ bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened．(倒装句)
→________________________________________________ I was aware that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened．(强调句型)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．At the sight of Mr Willow，Jack and Frey froze __ shock．
2．Not until he went _______ real hardship did he realise the love we have for our families is important．
3．Some people are desperate ___ friends but don't want to pay out．
4．If your behaviour is not consistent ____ your words，you're bound to lose your friends．
5．After watching the movie，she made _ positive comment on it．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．他感到好像跑了一场马拉松似的。
It felt _______________________ a marathon．
2．虽然我们很累，但我们精神很好。
_______________________，we were in high spirits．
3．直到几年后，我才意识到这份礼物真正的重要性。
_________________________________________ I realised the real importance of the gift．
4．汤姆仍然对生活满怀希望，如同十年前一样。
Tom is still hopeful about his life _______________________．
5．不用的时候关掉水龙头，这样可以节省很多水。
Turn off the taps when they're not in use _______________________________．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Jimmy，whose arms and legs were long and agile，was Moon-born．He could handle the lunar gravity 1．__ no Earth-born human being could．However，he couldn't visit Earth，so his father，2．___ had left Earth 15 years ago，3．_______ (bring) a real dog for him，though he had a mechanical dog，Robutt．
Jimmy's father explained to him what 4．_ real dog was and some other boy or girl would keep Robutt．Jimmy frowned．He said that Robutt understood 5．___ (he)．His father continued to talk about the 6．__________ (differ) between Robutt and the dog，7．______ (say) that the dog would really love him while Robutt was just adjusted 8．______ (act) as though it loved him．
Jimmy held Robutt 9．_______ (tight) and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind．He said，“I love Robutt and that's what 10．______ (count)．”
Period 5
课文理解
1－4 BBCD
课文精粹
Ⅰ一词多义
1．①经历 ②检查，浏览 ③穿过 ④通过
2．①v．倾斜，成斜坡 ②n．斜坡
Ⅱ长难语句
1．分析：并列复合；非限制性定语；the Earth；结果状语
翻译：环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
2．分析：(主从)复合；非限制性定语；Robutt
翻译：论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
3．分析：主从复合；时间状语；伴随；时间状语；宾语；让步状语；不论
翻译：只要有罗布特相伴，吉米就没有危险。当吉米过于靠近一块岩石时，它会扑倒他；罗布特还会扑向他，以表达爱意；当吉米藏在岩石后面时，罗布特就原地打转，低吼，战战兢兢，不论什么时候，罗布特都对吉米的位置了如指掌。
4．分析：复合；非限制性定语；Robutt；限制性定语；squeak；同位语
翻译：吉米看着又在吼叫的罗布特，它的叫声非常低沉缓慢，好像受到了惊吓。
核心词汇
1．①to pass ②desperately ③of ④desperation ⑤Desperate for
2．①to hear ②shocking ③at/by ④in ⑤a great shock to the poor girl
3．①faulty ②at ③with ④it was her fault that
4．①on/upon ②that ③comments ④on ⑤comment on/upon；make comments on
5．①of；in ②consistency ③consistently ④should be consistent with what you do
句法句式
1．①as/though ②although/though ③Tired and exhausted as/though she was
2．①that ②until ③Not until I experienced the accident was I aware that；It was not until I experienced the accident that
巩固落实
Ⅰ．1．in 2．through 3．for 4．with 5．a
Ⅱ．1．as though/if he had run 2．Tired though/as we were 3．It was not until several years later that 4．as he was ten years ago 5．so that much water can be saved
Ⅲ．1．as 2．who 3．brought 4．a 5．him 6．difference
7．saying 8．to act 9．tightly 10．counts
1 / 1课时分层作业(十一)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The police think the videotape may hold some vital______ (线索) to the identity of the killer．
2．Keep the doors and windows _______ (紧紧地) closed when you go out，or the cat may run out of the house．
3．The children were _______ (跳跃) around the playground．
4．The eye is one of the most _____ (灵活的) parts of the human body．
5．The college is famous for its __________ (机械的) study，which is the leading in the country．
Ⅱ．选词填空
go through，break down，sooner or later，hold out，change one's mind
1．The two countries are going to meet to __________ trade barriers between them．
2．Once she is resolved to do something，you won't get her to _______________．
3．The young girl ________ her hand just now as if to bid him goodbye．
4．If you turn a deaf ear to others' suggestions，_______________ you will have to pay for it．
5．Since the earthquake，contributions from many countries helped the government __________ the difficult period．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
If humans ever hope to live on the Mars，the settlers will need to produce a series of organic compounds (有机化合物)，from fuels to drugs，which are too expensive to ship from Earth．
Chemists from University of California，Berkeley，and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have a plan for that．
For the past eight years，the researchers have been working on a system combining bacteria and nanowires (纳米线) that can catch the energy of sunlight to change carbon dioxide (CO2) and water into building blocks for organic things．Nanowires are thin wires about one-hundredth the width of a human hair，used as electronic parts，and also as solar cells．
“On Mars，about 96% of the atmosphere is CO2．Basically，all you need is these nanowires to take in the solar energy and pass it on to these bacteria to do the chemistry for you，” said project leader Peidong Yang，professor of chemistry and the S．K．and Angela Chan Distinguished Chair in Energy at UC Berkeley．“For a deep space task，you care about the weight，and biological systems have the advantage that they self-reproduce：You don't need to send a lot．That's why this version is highly attractive．”
“The only other requirement，besides sunlight，is water，which on Mars is relatively more than enough in the polar ice caps and likely lies frozen underground over most of the planet，”said Yang．
It works like photosynthesis (光合作用)，which plants naturally employ to change CO2 and water into carbon compounds，mostly sugar and carbohydrates．Plants，however，have a quite low efficiency (效率)，usually changing less than one-half percent of solar energy into carbon compounds．Yang's system is comparable to the plant that best changes CO2 to sugar，which is 4%～5% efficient．
1．What is the function of the new biological system
A．Reducing air pollution on Mars．
B．Carrying many organic things to Mars．
C．Helping to produce organic compounds on Mars．
D．Making building blocks without sunlight．
2．Why is the self-reproduction possible on Mars
A．There's plenty of CO2，water and sunlight on Mars．
B．Mars is much easier to land than other planets．
C．Spaceship technology has developed a lot．
D．Lots of oxygen was found on Mars．
3．What can we learn about Yang's system according to the last paragraph
A．It doesn't need carbon dioxide and water．
B．It can be replaced by plants in space．
C．Its efficiency is higher than natural photosynthesis's．
D．Its functions based on rules different from photosynthesis．
4．In which part of a newspaper may this text appear
A．Life． B．Science．
C．Health． D．Education．
Ⅳ．完形填空
Lino Marrero is a young inventor．For him，being an inventor is about helping the world by creating 1 to everyday challenges．“I always start with a problem and see how it 2 people，”he says．
Due to 3 fingers，little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin．But his 4 for music inspired him to invent a“String Ring”．It is an adjustable band that 5 a musician's aching fingers so he can continue practicing．
A year later，Marrero created a(n) 6 shoe with replaceable soles(鞋底) after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment．“Shoe waste 7 a lot to landfills(垃圾填埋场)，”he says，“since it has rubber soles that don't 8 easily．”Instead of owning 9 shoes for different sports，his invention allows athletes to keep just one pair in their cupboards．
Marrero's latest invention，Kinetic Kickz，was the 10 of his personal experience．Having finished soccer practice，he found his cell phone was out of 11 ．Suddenly，he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer．Then he created a shoe insert(插入物) that 12 energy and changes it into battery power to 13 a cell phone．
As a high school freshman now，Marrero wants to encourage other teenagers to be inventors，too．Younger people，he says，often have novel 14 that can be useful in making creations．Marrero says，“We need to get a chain going，where I inspire some people and they help inspire others 15 ．”
1．A．additions B．solutions
C．reactions D．connections
2．A．bothers B．assesses
C．distracts D．conducts
3．A．short B．painful
C．faulty D．abnormal
4．A．passion B．experience
C．curiosity D．concern
5．A．decorates B．stretches
C．weakens D．protects
6．A．up-to-date B．good-looking
C．eco-friendly D．risk-free
7．A．owes B．contributes
C．devotes D．applies
8．A．die out B．end up
C．break down D．run out
9．A．fashionable B．expensive
C．similar D．various
10．A．copy B．fruit
C．award D．label
11．A．power B．order
C．demand D．service
12．A．uses B．generates
C．collects D．consumes
13．A．repair B．update
C．design D．charge
14．A．viewpoints B．comments
C．predictions D．occupations
15．A．in conclusion B．in brief
C．in turn D．in advance
Ⅴ．语法填空
According to a report by South China Morning Post，China is planning to launch a hyperloop (超级高铁)，also known 1． a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035．If the project goes as 2． (plan)，the new train will be the world's fastest ground-based transport．
In the past few days，the Chinese government officers 3． (announce) the approval of the country's first hyperloop line．Its 4． (long) will be 175 kilometers，and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhou．The distance between the two cities can be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train．But the hyperloop can reach the speed of 1 000 km/h，5． means the route can be completed in just 15 minutes．
The project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology，6． (allow) faster travel between several major cities．The hyperloop provides 7． high-security level with low energy consumption．The technology will 8． (far) advance China's position as a leader in transport．
A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed 9． (it) first test runs．These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong，Shanxi Province．However，the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km long．It 10． (expect) to be extended to 60 km in the near future．
课时分层作业(十一)
Ⅰ．1．clues 2．tightly 3．hopping 4．agile 5．mechanical
Ⅱ．1．break down 2．change her mind 3．held out 4．sooner or later 5．go through
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
C A C B
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B A B A D C B C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
D B A C D A C
Ⅴ．1．as 2．planned 3．have announced 4．length 5．which 6．allowing 7．a 8．further 9．its 10．is expected
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以在火星上自己生产有机化合物的新系统并分析了它的可能性以及它的优点。
1．C [推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，人类若需要在火星上定居，则需要生产一系列的有机化合物，但是从地球上运送很昂贵。再根据第三段内容可知，科学家在研究一种新的系统，该系统可以捕获阳光的能量，将二氧化碳和水转化为有机物质的基石。综合分析，新生态系统的功能是帮助在火星上生产有机化合物。故选C项。]
2．A [推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段内容可知，火星上存在着大量的二氧化碳、水和阳光让其自己生产有机物质成为可能。故选A项。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，杨的系统的效率比自然光合作用要高。故选C项。]
4．B [文章出处题。文章主要介绍了可以在火星上自己生产有机化合物的新系统并分析了它的可能性及其优点。本文属于科技文，应选自报纸的“科学”部分。故选B项。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Lino Marrero是一位年轻的发明家，他认为，作为一名发明家就要通过为日常挑战创造解决方案来帮助世界。文章主要介绍了他的一些日常发明。
1．B [根据“to everyday challenges”以及“a problem”可知，此处指为日常挑战创造解决方案(solutions)，故选B。addition添加物；reaction反应；connection连接。]
2．A [根据“I always start with a problem”可知，Marrero先找到问题，然后看这个问题如何困扰(bothers)人们，故选A。assess评估；distract使分心；conduct实施。]
3．B [根据后文“little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin”以及“a musician's aching fingers”可知，Marrero想放弃拉小提琴，因为他手指痛(painful)。故选B。short短的；faulty有缺陷的；abnormal反常的。]
4．A [根据“But”以及后文“for music inspired him to invent a ‘String Ring’”可知，对音乐的热爱激励他发明了一种“弦环”。one's passion for...表示“某人对……的热爱”。故选A。experience经历；curiosity好奇心；concern关心。]
5．D [根据后文“a musician's aching fingers so he can continue practicing”可知，这种东西可以保护(protects)音乐家的疼痛的手指，使他可以继续练习。故选D。decorate装饰；stretch伸展；weaken削弱。]
6．C [根据后文“after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment”可知，发明可更换鞋底的鞋是为了保护环境(ecofriendly)。故选C。uptodate最新的；goodlooking好看的；riskfree无风险的。]
7．B [后文提到垃圾填埋场，所以此处指鞋子废物造成大量垃圾，contribute to...表示“是……的原因之一”。故选B。owe欠(债)；devote献身；apply应用。]
8．C [前文提到传统的鞋会破坏环境，此处说明背后的原因——橡胶鞋底不易分解(break down)，故选C。die out灭绝；end up结束；run out耗尽。]
9．D [此处是说他的发明让运动员们不用为不同的运动项目拥有各种各样的(various)鞋子，而是在他们的橱柜里只放一双鞋，故选D。fashionable时尚的；expensive昂贵的；similar相似的。]
10．B [后文介绍Marrero在足球训练结束后发现手机没电了，从而发明了Kinetic Kickz。由此可知，最新的发明Kinetic Kickz是他个人经历的成果(fruit)。故选B。copy复制品；award奖品；label标签。]
11．A [根据后文“changes it into battery power”可知，Marrero是从手机没电这一经历中得到启发，out of power表示“没电”，故选A。order订单；demand需求；service服务。]
12．C [根据前文“he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer”以及后文“and changes it into battery power”可知，他的发明可以收集(collects)能量并将其转化为电池电源。故选C。use使用；generate产生；consume耗费。]
13．D [此处是说这项发明可以收集能量并将其转化成电池电源，这样就可以给手机充电(charge)了。故选D。repair修理；update更新；design设计。]
14．A [根据后文“that can be useful in making creations”可知，此处说年轻人通常有对创造有用的新颖观点(viewpoints)。故选A。comment评论；prediction预测；occupation职业。]
15．C [根据前文“We need to get a chain going(我们需要形成一个链条)”可知，Marrero希望自己能激励一些人，然后这些人转而(in turn)帮助激励其他人，故选C。in conclusion总之；in brief简言之；in advance提前。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了据《南华早报》报道，中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁，也被称为超高速管道磁悬浮系统。如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。
1．as [考查介词。be known as“被当作，被称为”。故填as。]
2．planned [考查固定短语。as planned“按照计划”，故填planned。]
3．have announced [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由时间状语In the past few days可知，该句应为现在完成时，主语officers为复数名词，所以空处为动词复数形式。故填have announced。]
4．length [考查词性转换。由空前的Its为形容词性物主代词可知，此处为名词形式，故填length。]
5．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话的内容，关系词在从句中作主语成分，故填which。]
6．allowing [考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作状语，allow和逻辑主语The project之间为主动关系，所以用动词ing形式。故填allowing。]
7．a [考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处为表示“一种高安全级别”，为泛指概念，high的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。]
8．further [考查副词比较级。作状语修饰动词advance，应用副词比较级further“更远地，进一步”，故填further。]
9．its [考查形容词性物主代词。由空后名词短语first test runs可知，此处为形容词性物主代词。故填its。]
10．is expected [考查动词的时态和语态。主语It和谓语动词expect之间为被动关系，结合上文的时态可知，该句应为一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is expected。]
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