(共38张PPT)
Period 1
Unit 1 Looking forwards
主题语境
人与自我——未来规划
1．________ n．追求，理想
2．____________ n．情况，情形
3．_________ n．私家侦探
4．________ adj．复杂的
5．__________ n．可供选择的事物
课时练案 单元词汇表(Words and expressions)
ambition
circumstance
detective
complex
alternative
6．_____ v．(由……)引起
7．correspondent n．____________
8．symbolize v．__________
9．affection n．__________
10．shift n．__________________________________
arise
通讯员，记者
象征，代表
喜爱，钟爱
(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
1．One of his _________(ambition) is to become one of the first-rate pianists of the world．
2．Orange __________(symbolize) happiness，joy and sunshine．
3．The more ___________(alternative)，the more difficult the choice will be．
4．The two leaders jointly met with ______________(correspondent) after they ended their talks．
ambitions
symbolizes
alternatives
correspondents
5．Much to our surprise，many problems ____________(arise) ever since the host was replaced．
6．Under the _____________(circumstance)，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident．
7．I knew very well that the problem was _____________(complex) than he supposed．
8．Three ______(shift) of workers worked together around the clock to meet the deadline．
have arisen
circumstances
more complex
shifts
1．train v．培训，训练→trainer n．教练员→_______ n．接受工作培训的人；实习生
2．history n．历史→historic adj．有历史意义的→__________ adj．(有关)历史的
3．ultimate adj．最后的，最终的→__________ adv．最后，最终
4．admit v．允许进入→_________ n．允许进入(加入)
5．participate v．参加，参与→_____________ n．参加，参与→participant n．参与者，参加者
trainee
historical
ultimately
admission
participation
6．thought n．思想，思考；想法→__________ adj．认真思考的，深思的→thoughtfully adv．沉思地，体贴地
7．mix v．(使)混合→_______ n．混合；混合体
8．_________ n．喜爱，钟爱→affectionate adj．表示关爱的，深情的
9．qualify v．(使)获得资格→_________ adj．合格的，胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历
10．sincere adj．由衷的，真诚的，真心实意的→_________ adv．
由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
thoughtful
mixture
affection
qualified
sincerely
1．Hearing the news，she felt a strange _______(mix) of excitement and fear．
2．A back injury prevented active _____________(participate) in any sports for a while．
3．I _________(sincere) hope that you can realize your dreams some day．
4．I'm writing to apply to join it，thinking that I'm well _________
(qualify) for the job．
mixture
participation
sincerely
qualified
5．It was __________(thought) of you to make all the arrangements for us．
6．Whatever others say，you have to make your own judgments __________(ultimate)．
7．Do you know the __________ background of the ________ flight？(history)
8．She failed to gain _________(admit) to the university of her choice．
thoughtful
ultimately
historical
historic
admission
1．___________ 采取行动
2．__________________ 做出决定，拿定主意
3．________ 放过，放弃，错过(机会)
4．___________________ (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
5．_______ 推迟……，使……延期
6．_________ 仔细考虑，权衡
7．______________ 每日，每天
8．__________ 拒绝；调小(声音)
take action
make up one's mind
pass up
have second thoughts
put off
weigh up
on a daily basis
turn down
1．Everyone should ___________ to save the animals in great danger．
2．He agreed to lend me some money yesterday，but now he ________
_________________．
3．Tom had to ____________ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy．
take action
has
second thoughts
turn down
4．When things aren't going well，he always encourages me，telling me not to ________．
5．You'd better _________ the advantages and disadvantages before you make the final decision．
pass up
weigh up
1．trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生
[联想] ①employee n．雇员
②interviewee n．被面试者；被采访者
2．bullfighting n．斗牛
[联想] ①sightseeing n．观光
②handwriting n．笔迹
词汇联想 由新知联想已知
3．ultimately adv．最后，最终
[联想] ①finally adv．最后，终于
②eventually adv．最终，终于
③at length 最后，终于
④in the end 最后，终于
4．undergrowth n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
[联想] ①underground n．地铁 adj．地下的 adv．在地下
②underpass n．地下通道
③underfoot adv．在脚下
④underline v．在……下画线
5．alternative n．可供选择的事物
[联想] ①option n．选择，可选择的东西
②choice n．选择
③selection n．选择，挑选
①fall into sleep入睡
②worry about担心
③get into进入
④in the face of面对，面临
⑤take action采取行动
⑥come one's way发生在某人身上
课下预习 第一篇课文(Understanding ideas)
⑦in place准备就绪；在正确位置，准备妥当
⑧ambitious adj．有野心的，有雄心的
ambition n．追求，理想
⑨approach n．方式，方法
⑩in contrasting ways以截然不同的方式
boyhood n．(男性的)童年时期，少年时代
single-minded adj．一心一意的，专心致志的
trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生
correspondent n．通讯员，记者
extraordinary adj．非凡的
inform v．对……有影响
bullfighting n．斗牛
amongst (同among) prep．在……之中
by contrast相比之下
originally adv．原来，起初
historical adj．(有关)历史的
history n．历史(学)
detective n．私家侦探
to this day直到今天
medical practice行医
devote oneself to致力于，献身于……
long to do sth．渴望做某事
get enough of受够了，厌倦
in desperation绝望，在走投无路的情况下
kill off 使某事物停止；除掉；排除
immense adj．极大的，巨大的
ultimately adv．最后，最终
renowned adj．有名的，闻名的，受尊敬的
innovator n．革新者，创新者
dot n．点，小圆点
backwards adv．往回，倒着
Facing the Future
For many of us，it's something we already have experienced．One moment，we are lying comfortably in bed，about to fall into a deep sleep①．The next，our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about② possibly the most important issue of our lives—the future．Will we get into③ the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years' time Can we become the person we really
want to be In the face of④ such questions，how should we approach the future [1]Can we take action⑤ to shape it，or should we just accept whatever comes our way⑥？
[1] 本句为复合句。whatever引导宾语从句，作accept的宾语。
[2]As many of us already know，having plans in place⑦ for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality． [3]In this respect，some people are more fortunate than others，as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors，born 40 years apart． Although they shared the same ambitious⑧ and energetic approach⑨to life，their careers unfolded in contrasting ways⑩．
[2]本句为复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作宾语，意为“正如……”；主句中主语为动词-ing形式短语having plans in place for the future。
[3]本句为复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，代指整个主句。
The American author，Ernest Hemingway，born in 1899，was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write．On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter．He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing．In his words，“I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about．” [4] Having
set himself this goal，he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War，the Spanish Civil War，bullfighting and deep-sea fishing，amongst others． His novel The Old Man and the Sea，about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught，won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953．He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature．
[4]本句为复合句。Having set himself this goal 为动词-ing形式短语作时间状语；based on his personal experiences of...为过去分词短语作后置定语。
By contrast ， the young Arthur Conan Doyle，born in Scotland in 1859，had originally worked as a doctor．[5] But Doyle's main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels． [6]Although some of his historical novels were published，their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective ， Sherlock Holmes，which he is still best known for to this day ．
[5]to become a writer of historical novels为动词不定式短语作表语。
[6]本句为复合句。Although 引导让步状语从句；compared to the stories of his fictional detective为状语；which引导非限制性定语从句。
Interestingly，Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London．After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name，Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing．He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works．The public，however，couldn't get enough of Sherlock Holmes．In desperation ， Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing．
However，fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle，under immense pressure，was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead．Doyle's many historical novels，plays，poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten，but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century．
[7]Though both of these men were ultimately successful，their paths to success were very different，their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned． So，whatever twists and turns you might encounter，take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected．As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said，“You can't connect the dots looking forward；you can only connect them looking backwards ．So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future．”
[7]their futures...as they planned为独立主格结构；as they planned为as引导的方式状语从句。
面对未来
我们许多人都有过这样的经历。上一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中最重要的事情——未来。我们能进入心仪的学校吗？十年之后我们会在做什么？我们能够成为真正想成为的人吗？面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？我们能否采取行动去影响未来，还是该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢？
正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同。
美国作家欧内斯特·海明威出生于1899年，他从小就一心想成为作家。高中一毕业，他就进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。此后，他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者，根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作。他曾说：“我决定把我知道的每一
件事都写成一个故事。”在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历创作了许多长篇和短篇小说。他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事。这部小说于1953年获得普利策小说奖。海明威后来还荣获了诺贝尔文学奖。
相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟·柯南·道尔，原先是一名医生，但他最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但是与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。直到现在，道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事。
有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间，在等候病人的时候创作的。在夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。然而，公众却对夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌。绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中让这位著名的侦探死亡，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克·福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。
虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样。因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎坷和曲折，都应以这两位作者为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。正如著名的科技创新者史蒂夫·乔布斯曾说：“你无法预见性地将生命中的点滴串联起来，只有在回头看时，你才会发现这些点滴之间的联系。所以你要坚信，你现在所经历的，将在你未来的生命中串联起来。”
THANKSPeriod 1 单元词汇表(Words and expressions)
1． n．追求，理想 2． n．情况，情形 3． n．私家侦探 4． adj．复杂的 5． n．可供选择的事物 6． v．(由……)引起 7．correspondent n． 8．symbolize v． 9．affection n． 10．shift n． 1．One of his (ambition) is to become one of the first-rate pianists of the world． 2．Orange (symbolize) happiness，joy and sunshine． 3．The more (alternative)，the more difficult the choice will be． 4．The two leaders jointly met with (correspondent) after they ended their talks． 5．Much to our surprise，many problems (arise) ever since the host was replaced． 6．Under the (circumstance)，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident． 7．I knew very well that the problem was (complex) than he supposed． 8．Three (shift) of workers worked together around the clock to meet the deadline．
1．train v．培训，训练→trainer n．教练员→ n．接受工作培训的人；实习生 2．history n．历史→historic adj．有历史意义的→ adj．(有关)历史的 3．ultimate adj．最后的，最终的→ adv．最后，最终 4．admit v．允许进入→ n．允许进入(加入) 5．participate v．参加，参与→ n．参加，参与→participant n．参与者，参加者 6．thought n．思想，思考；想法→ adj．认真思考的，深思的→thoughtfully adv．沉思地，体贴地 7．mix v．(使)混合→ n．混合；混合体 8． n．喜爱，钟爱→affectionate adj．表示关爱的，深情的 9．qualify v．(使)获得资格→ adj．合格的，胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历 10．sincere adj．由衷的，真诚的，真心实意的→ adv．由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地 1．Hearing the news，she felt a strange (mix) of excitement and fear． 2．A back injury prevented active (participate) in any sports for a while． 3．I (sincere) hope that you can realize your dreams some day． 4．I'm writing to apply to join it，thinking that I'm well (qualify) for the job． 5．It was (thought) of you to make all the arrangements for us． 6．Whatever others say，you have to make your own judgments (ultimate)． 7．Do you know the background of the flight？(history) 8．She failed to gain (admit) to the university of her choice．
1． 采取行动 2． 做出决定，拿定主意 3． 放过，放弃，错过(机会) 4． (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑 5． 推迟……，使……延期 6． 仔细考虑，权衡 7． 每日，每天 8． 拒绝；调小(声音) 1．Everyone should to save the animals in great danger． 2．He agreed to lend me some money yesterday，but now he ． 3．Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy． 4．When things aren't going well，he always encourages me，telling me not to ． 5．You'd better the advantages and disadvantages before you make the final decision．
由新知联想已知
1．trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生 [联想] ①employee n．雇员 ②interviewee n．被面试者；被采访者 2．bullfighting n．斗牛 [联想] ①sightseeing n．观光 ②handwriting n．笔迹 3．ultimately adv．最后，最终 [联想] ①finally adv．最后，终于 ②eventually adv．最终，终于 ③at length 最后，终于 ④in the end 最后，终于 4．undergrowth n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛 [联想] ①underground n．地铁 adj．地下的 adv．在地下 ②underpass n．地下通道 ③underfoot adv．在脚下 ④underline v．在……下画线 5．alternative n．可供选择的事物 [联想] ①option n．选择，可选择的东西 ②choice n．选择 ③selection n．选择，挑选
第一篇课文(Understanding ideas)
①fall into sleep入睡
②worry about担心
③get into进入
④in the face of面对，面临
⑤take action采取行动
⑥come one's way发生在某人身上
⑦in place准备就绪；在正确位置，准备妥当
⑧ambitious adj．有野心的，有雄心的
ambition n．追求，理想
⑨approach n．方式，方法
⑩in contrasting ways以截然不同的方式
boyhood n．(男性的)童年时期，少年时代
single-minded adj．一心一意的，专心致志的
trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生
correspondent n．通讯员，记者
extraordinary adj．非凡的
inform v．对……有影响
bullfighting n．斗牛
amongst (同among) prep．在……之中
by contrast相比之下
originally adv．原来，起初
historical adj．(有关)历史的
history n．历史(学)
detective n．私家侦探
to this day直到今天
medical practice行医
devote oneself to致力于，献身于……
long to do sth．渴望做某事
get enough of受够了，厌倦
in desperation绝望，在走投无路的情况下
kill off 使某事物停止；除掉；排除
immense adj．极大的，巨大的
ultimately adv．最后，最终
renowned adj．有名的，闻名的，受尊敬的
innovator n．革新者，创新者
dot n．点，小圆点
backwards adv．往回，倒着
Facing the Future
For many of us，it's something we already have experienced．One moment，we are lying comfortably in bed，about to fall into a deep sleep①．The next，our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about② possibly the most important issue of our lives—the future．Will we get into③ the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years' time Can we become the person we really want to be In the face of④ such questions，how should we approach the future [1]Can we take action⑤ to shape it，or should we just accept whatever comes our way⑥？
[1] 本句为复合句。whatever引导宾语从句，作accept的宾语。
[2]As many of us already know，having plans in place⑦ for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality． [3]In this respect，some people are more fortunate than others，as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors，born 40 years apart． Although they shared the same ambitious⑧ and energetic approach⑨to life，their careers unfolded in contrasting ways⑩．
[2]本句为复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作宾语，意为“正如……”；主句中主语为动词-ing形式短语having plans in place for the future。
[3]本句为复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，代指整个主句。
The American author，Ernest Hemingway，born in 1899，was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write．On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter．He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing．In his words，“I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about．” [4] Having set himself this goal，he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War，the Spanish Civil War，bullfighting and deep-sea fishing，amongst others． His novel The Old Man and the Sea，about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught，won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953．He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature．
[4]本句为复合句。Having set himself this goal 为动词-ing形式短语作时间状语；based on his personal experiences of...为过去分词短语作后置定语。
By contrast ， the young Arthur Conan Doyle，born in Scotland in 1859，had originally worked as a doctor．[5] But Doyle's main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels． [6]Although some of his historical novels were published，their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective ， Sherlock Holmes，which he is still best known for to this day ．
[5]to become a writer of historical novels为动词不定式短语作表语。
[6]本句为复合句。Although 引导让步状语从句；compared to the stories of his fictional detective为状语；which引导非限制性定语从句。
Interestingly，Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London．After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name，Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing．He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works．The public，however，couldn't get enough of Sherlock Holmes．In desperation ， Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing．However，fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle，under immense pressure，was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead．Doyle's many historical novels，plays，poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten，but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century．
[7]Though both of these men were ultimately successful，their paths to success were very different，their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned． So，whatever twists and turns you might encounter，take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected．As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said，“You can't connect the dots looking forward；you can only connect them looking backwards ．So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future．”
[7]their futures...as they planned为独立主格结构；as they planned为as引导的方式状语从句。
面对未来
我们许多人都有过这样的经历。上一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中最重要的事情——未来。我们能进入心仪的学校吗？十年之后我们会在做什么？我们能够成为真正想成为的人吗？面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？我们能否采取行动去影响未来，还是该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢？
正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同。
美国作家欧内斯特·海明威出生于1899年，他从小就一心想成为作家。高中一毕业，他就进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。此后，他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者，根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作。他曾说：“我决定把我知道的每一件事都写成一个故事。”在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历创作了许多长篇和短篇小说。他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事。这部小说于1953年获得普利策小说奖。海明威后来还荣获了诺贝尔文学奖。
相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟·柯南·道尔，原先是一名医生，但他最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但是与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。直到现在，道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事。
有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间，在等候病人的时候创作的。在夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。然而，公众却对夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌。绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中让这位著名的侦探死亡，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克·福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。
虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样。因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎坷和曲折，都应以这两位作者为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。正如著名的科技创新者史蒂夫·乔布斯曾说：“你无法预见性地将生命中的点滴串联起来，只有在回头看时，你才会发现这些点滴之间的联系。所以你要坚信，你现在所经历的，将在你未来的生命中串联起来。”
Period 1
速记·重点词汇——牢记词形和词义
1．ambition 2．circumstance 3．detective 4．complex
5．alternative 6．arise 7．通讯员，记者 8．象征，代表
9．喜爱，钟爱 10．(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．ambitions 2．symbolizes 3．alternatives 4．correspondents
5．have arisen 6．circumstances 7．more complex 8．shifts
速记·派生词汇——牢记词形和词义
1．trainee 2．historical 3．ultimately 4．admission
5．participation 6．thoughtful 7．mixture 8．affection
9．qualified 10．sincerely
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．mixture 2．participation 3．sincerely 4．qualified
5．thoughtful 6．ultimately 7．historical；historic
8．admission
速记·重点短语——记牢搭配和意义
1．take action 2．make up one's mind 3．pass up 4．have second thoughts 5．put off 6．weigh up 7．on a daily basis
8．turn down
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．take action 2．has second thoughts 3．turn down 4．pass up 5．weigh up
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