Unit8 Safe and sound导学案 练习（含解析）译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 8 Safe and sound 知识点
重要短语句型：
安然无恙 _____________________________________________
最大的交通事故之一 _____________________________________________
感到轻微的晃动 _____________________________________________
四处，到处 _____________________________________________
（使）平静 _____________________________________________
除了大自然的 _____________________________________________
继续报道这一事态发展 _____________________________________________
烧毁数百万平方米的土地 ______________________________________
在自然灾害中保持安全 ______________________________________
处于...的状态 ______________________________________
暗想；自言自语 ________________________________
保护自己免受...的伤害 ________________________________
避免做某事 ______________________________________
警告某人（不）做某事 ______________________________________
远离... ______________________________________
紧急情况是突然的、严重的、危险的事件或情况。
___________________________________________________________________________
雾太浓了，以至于司机看不到前面一米多的地方。
___________________________________________________________________________
地震发生时我正在工作。 ____________________________________________
用一块干净的布把伤口包（绑）起来并用力按压10至15分钟。
____________________________________________________________________________
当我们在沙滩上玩的时候，突然，海水开始消失了。
_____________________________________________________________________________
他们告诉我们海底几公里外发生了地震，引起了海啸。
_____________________________________________________________________________
幸运的是，没有人受伤或死亡。
_____________________________________________________________________________
Welcome to the unit
1. An emergency is a sudden, serious and dangerous event or situation.
紧急情况是突然的、严重的、危险的事件或情况。 教材P107
[解析] situation 名词，意为“情况”，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，
常指特定时期内的总体环境或局势。
under the situation意为“在此情况下”
> The situation in the company has changed a lot recently. 公司的情况最近发生了很大变化。
> The economic situation in the country is improving. 这个国家的经济形势正在好转。
[拓展] situation作名词，还意为“处境；境遇”，指个人或群体面临的特定环境。
in/ out of a ... situation 意为“处于/脱离...的处境”
> In a dangerous situation. one should stay calm. 在危险的处境下，人应该保持冷静。
[例] “Two-way efforts" describes any ______ in which both sides work together towards a shared goal, getting closer to each other.
A. instruction B. situation C. invention D. suggestion
2. Earthquake makes thousands of people homeless 地震使成千上万的人无家可归 教材P107
[解析] homeless 形容词，意为“无家可归的”。
由home加____定后缀-less构成，在句中作定语或表语。
homeless shelter意为“无家可归者的收容所”
> The homeless man slept on the street. 这个无家可归的男人睡在大街上。
> The earthquake, many families became homeless. 地震后，家庭无家可归。
[注意] homeless意为“无家可归的人”这一类群体，作主语时，谓语动词常用____数形式。
> The homeless are in need of our help. 无家可归的人需要我们的帮助。
Coach off road and hits tree 冲出路面，撞到树上 教材P107
[解析] coach名词，意为“长途汽车”。
by coach 意为“长途汽车” a coach trip意为“一次长途旅行”
> We took a coach to the city. 我们乘长途汽车去了那个城市。
> The coach can carry about 50 passengers. 这辆长途汽本大约能载50名乘客。
[拓展] coach作名词，还意为“教练”。 a swimming coach意为“一位游泳教练”
> The football coach trained the team rigorously. 这位足球教练严格训练队伍。
It was one of the largest traffic accidents in the town's history!
这是这个镇历史上最大的交通事故之一! 教材P107
[解析] traffic名词，意为“交通” ____可数名词
traffic jam 意为“交通堵塞” traffic lights意为“交通信号”
traffic accidents意为“交通事故”
> Traffic in the city centre ________ always busy. 市中心的交通总是很繁忙。
[注意]在英语中，表示“交通拥堵”要用heavy traffic或busy traffic.
5. That's terrible! 那太可怕了! 教材P107
[解析] terrible 形容词，意为“可怕的”。在句中作定语或表语
a terrible accident意为“可怕事故”
> There was a terrible earthquake in that area. 那个地区发生了一场可怕的地震。
> They experienced such terrible disasters. 他们经历了如此可怕的灾难。
[拓展]
terrible作形容词，还意为“槽糕的；严重的；令人厌恶的”等。
> The food at that restaurant was terrible. 那家餐厅的食物很糟糕。
> The smell in the room was terrible. 房间里的气味令人作呕。
terribly 副词，意为非常，很；非常糟糕地”
> The experiment went terribly wrong. 这次实验出了大问题。
Reading
1. At first, I felt a slight shake. 起初，我感觉到了一阵轻微的晃动。 教材P108
[解析] shake 名词，意为“摇动”，在句中作主语或宾语。 give sb. a shake意为“摇晃某人”
> He gave the small tree a shake. 他摇了摇那棵小树。
> The earthquake caused a strong shake. 地震引发剧烈震动。
[拓展] shake作动词，意为“摇动；颤抖，颤动” 过去式_________
shake one's head 意为“摇头” shake hands with sb. 意为“与某人握手”
> She shook the blanket to remove dust. 她抖掉毯子上的灰尘。
> It's polite to shake hands with others when you meet therm.
当你和别人见面时，和他们握手是有礼貌的。
[例] The baby _____________(摇) his head from side to side. That meant he didn't like the toy.
2. People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地大叫。 教材P108
(1) [解析] shout 动词，意为“呼喊，喊叫”，在句中作谓语。
> He shouted for help when he was in danger. 他在遇到危险时大声呼教。
> The children shouted with excitement. 孩子们兴奋地大喊。
[辨析] shout at sb.与shout to sb.
shout at sb. 对某人大声叫嚷，带有生气的情绪
shout to sb. 为了让对方听见而大声呼喊，不一定带有负面情绪
> Don't shout at the old man. It's impolite. 别对老人大声叫嚷。这不礼貌。
> He shouted to me from the other side of the street. 他从街对面朝我大声呼喊。
[拓展] shout作名词，意为“呼喊，喊叫”。
> A sudden shout broke the silence. 突然的喊声打破了寂静。
(2) [解析] fear 名词，意为“恐惧，害怕”。
in fear意为“恐惧地，害怕地”，在句中作状语；
in fear of意为“处于担忧…的状态”。
> She showed no fear. 她毫无惧色。
> The girl said nothing. She just cried in fear.
那个女孩什么也没说。她只是害怕地哭了。
[链接] in order 有序地 in danger 处境危险 in surprise 惊奇地
in need 有需要的 in trouble 在使用中 in use 在使用中
[拓展] fear作动词，意为“害怕；担心”。
> She teared that she might be late. 她担心自己可能会迟到。
[例] - Did you hear the shouts ________ the girl
-Yes. When I arrived there, I found the girl looking at a snake ________ fear.
A. from; in B. at; with C. from; at D. in; at
3. Outside. people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining down. 外面，人们四处奔逃，玻璃碎片和砖块如雨点般落下。 教材P108
[解析] direction 名词，意为“方向”。
in all directions意为“四处，到处” 相当于in every direction
> Direction is important when you are travelling in the desert.
当你在沙漠中旅行时，方向很重要。
> The boys ran in all directions/________ _________ after class. 下课后男孩们跑向四面八方。
[拓展]
direction作名词，还意为“指导；指挥；用法说明；指示”
under the direction of 意为“在…的指导下”
> I try to provide them with direction and help. 我尽力给他们提供指导和帮助。
> You should read the directions first before you open it.
在打开它之前你应该先阅读一下说明。
direct作动词，意为“管理；指导；导演；为(某人)领路”。
> Could you direct me to the station 请问到车站怎么走
> Cecilia prefers to act rather than direct. 赛莉西娅宁愿当演员，不愿当导演。
direct作形容词，意为“直接的”。
> She gave me a direct answer. 她给了我一个直接的答案。
[例] The tree leaves on the ground dance in all ________ when the wind comes.
A. designs B. degrees C. directions D. disasters
4. It was dark and silent around me. 我周围一片漆黑和寂静。 教材P108
[解析] silent 形容词，意为“安静的”，在句中作定语或表语，同义词为quiet.
keep silent 意为“保持沉默；不说话”
be silent about意为“对...保持沉默；不谈及”。
> The classroom was silent when the teacher entered. 老师进来时，教室很安静。
> She remained silent throughout the meeting. 她在整个会议期间都保持沉默。
[拓展]
silence 名词，意为“沉默；寂静”。
> The silence in the room was broken by a sudden knock.
房间里的寂静被突然的敲门声打破了。
silently 副词，意为“默默地；安静地”。
> He left the room silently. 他默默地离开了房间。
5. I felt nervous. and my heart was beating really fast. 我感到紧张、心跳得很快。 教材P108
(1) [解析] nervous 形容词，意为“焦虑的；胆怯的“，在句中作定语或表语。
feel nervous意为“感到紧张”
be nervous about/of意为“对…感到紧张或焦虑”
be nervous to do sth. 意为“对做某事感到紧张”。
> He is nervous about the job interview. 他对工作面试感到紧张。
> She is nervous to speak in public. 她对在公众场合讲话感到紧张。
(2) [解析] beat 动词，意为“(使)规律作响或运动” 过去式_________
指心脏、脉搏等的跳动。
> I felt my heart beating faster. 我感觉我的心触跳得更快了。
> The heart beats 70-80 times per minute on average. 心脏平均每分钟疏动70-80次。
[拓展] beat作动词，还意为“用力般打，打败；战胜”等
> The rain beat on the roof all night. 雨整夜敲打着屋项。
> Our team beat theirs in the final. 我们队在决赛中打败了他们队。
[辨析] beat与win.
beat:宾语通常是竞争对手，即人或团队
win:宾语通常是比赛、奖品、荣誉等
> We beat them in the basketball game. 我们在篮球比赛中打败了他们。
> She won first prize in the competition. 她在比赛中获得了一等奖。
6. "I'm trapped." I said to myself. “我被困住了。”我对自己说。 教材P109
[解析] say to oneself意为“暗想；自言自语”，句中常作谓语，用来描述主语的行为动作。
> He said to himself, "I need to stay calm. " 他心想：“我需要保持冷静。”
> She said to herself that she would never give up. 她心里想她永远不会放弃。
7. A moment of fear went through my mind. but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
我的脑海中掠过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我还活着。 教材P109
(1) [解析] calm 动词，意为“(使)平静，(使)镇静”，后面可直接跟宾语。
calm sb. 意为“使某人平静下来” calm down意为“(使)平静”
> The mother tried to calm the crying baby . 母亲试图让哭闹的婴儿平静下来。
> Tell him to calm down. There's no need to be so angry.
告诉他冷静下来。没必要这么生气。
[拓展]
calm作形容词，意为“平静的；镇静的；沉着的” keep calm意为“保持镇静”
> The sea was calm that day. 那天海面很平静。
calm作名词，意为“平静；安静”。
> There was a calm over the city after the storm. 暴风雨过后，城市一片宁静。
[例] - What should I do when the flood happens, Dad
- It's important to _______ first and then I get to high ground and stay there.
A. come down B. put down C. calm down D. fall down
(2) [解析] since 连词，意为“因为，既然”，引原因状语从句。
> Since you are here, you can help me. 既然你在这儿，你可以帮我一下。
> Since you are tired, you'd better have a rest. 既然你累了，你最好休息一下。
[拓展]
since作连词，还意为“自从...以来”,引导时间状语从句，
强调持续性，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
> I haven't seen her since she moved to London. 自从她搬去伦款，我再没见过她。
since作介词，意为“从...以来：自从”。
用于指从过去某一特定时间点开始到现在的一段时间。
> I have lived in this city since 2015. 我从2015年起就住在这个城市。
[辨析] since与because
since:表示双方都知道的原因，或已知的、显然的理由，语气比because弱
because:语气较强，用来回答why引导的问题，强调直接原因，
引导的从句可放在主句前或后
> I didn't go to school because I was ill. 我没去上学是因为我病了。
> Since you insist. I'll accept the offer. 既然你坚持，我接受提议。
8. I cried out in a weak voice. 我用微弱的声音喊道。 教材P109
[解析] voice名词，意为“嗓音，说话声，唱歌声”,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
in a ... voice 意为“用...的声音” a sweet voice意为“甜美的嗓音”
raise one's voice 意为“提高嗓门；大声说话”
> He lost his voice after shouting. 他喊叫后失声了。
> He said in a low voice so that others couldn't hear him.
他低声说话，这样别人就听不见他的话了。
> Her sweet voice always makes me relaxed. 她甜美的嗓音总是让我感到放松。
> Please raise your voice so they can hear you. 请提高你的嗓门，以便他们能够听到你说话。
[辨析]voice, sound与noise
voice 名词，意为“嗓音” 常指人的嗓音、说话声和歌唱声
sound 名词，意为“声音；响声” 指人、动物或物体发出的声音，即大自然的任何声音
系动词，意为“听起来” 后接形容词作表语
noise 名词，意为“噪声；喧闹声” 常指不悦耳、不和谐的声音
[一言辨异] There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The Physics teacher had to raise his voice, "Light travels much faster than sound.
教室外面一片曹杂。物理老师不得不提高他的嗓音(说):"光的传播速度比声音快得多。"
9. It was silent around me at first except, the sounds of nature.
起初，除了大自然的声音，我周围一片寂静。 教材P111
[解析] except 介词，意为“除...之外”，相当except for.
表示____包括后面所提到的人或事物。
> We work every day except Sunday. 除周日外，我们每天工作。
> Everyone went to the party except Tom. 除了汤姆，每个人都去参加派对了。
[辨析] except与but
except:强调排除，语气较强
but:口语化，多与否定词搭配
> No one knew except me. 除我外无人知晓。
> I have no choice but to wait. 我别无选择，只能等待。
10. Suddenly. there was a loud noise like thunder as a burning tree fell down in front of me-I was trapped.
突然，随着一声雷鸣般的巨响，一棵燃烧的树倒在我面前-我被困住了。 教材P111
[解析] burn 动词，意为“着火”，强调物体处于燃烧的状态。
be burning表示正在着火的状态 start/begin to burn表示开始着火
> The candle is burning brightly. 蜡烛在明亮地燃烧着。
> The dry leaves started to burn when the match touched them.
当火柴碰到干树叶时，它们开始燃烧起来。
[拓展]
burn作动还意为“(使)烧毁，烧伤”,过去式burned,后面可直接跟宾语
> He burned all his old clothes. 他把他所有的旧书都烧了。
burn作名词，意为“烧伤；烫伤”
> Tom has three burn__ on his right arm. 汤姆的右臂上有三处烧伤。
They finally put out the fire. 他们最终扑灭了火。 教材P111
[解析] put out意为“扑灭，熄灭”，为“动词+副词”结构，后面可直接跟宾语，
若宾语为代词，通常放在put和out之间。
put out a fire 意为“灭火”
> Please put out the campfire before leaving. 离开前请熄灭篝火。
> A big fire broke out last night. Luckily, the firemen put it out quickly.
昨晚发生了一场大火。幸运的是，消防员迅速扑灭了它。
[例] After many hours work, the firemen finally ________ the big fire the other day.
A. put in B. put through C. put up D. put out
Grammar
1. Guess what I did 猜猜我做了什么 教材P113
[解析] guess 动词，意为“猜测，估计”，作谓语时后面可直接跟宾语。
> I guess you are right. 我想你是对的。
> Can you guess the answer to this riddle 你能猜出这个谜语的答案吗
[拓展] guess作名词，意为“猜测；猜想”。
> My first guess was wrong. 我第一次的猜测是错误的。
2. Some people in the neighbourhood were clearing the snow from the streets.
街区的一些人正在清除街上的雪。 教材P113
[解析] clear动词，意为“清除，清理”，指把不需要的东西移走或去掉，后面可直接跟宾语。
> Please clear the dishes from the table. 请把桌上的盘子清理掉。
> He cleared a little space on his desk for a cup of coffee.
他在书桌上清出了一点空间来放一杯咖啡。
[拓展]
clear作形容词，意为“清晰的；晴朗的；明确的”。
> The water in the lake is so clear that you can see the fish swimming.
湖里的水很清激，你可以看到鱼儿在游动。
clearly 副词，意为“清楚地”
> She explained it clearly. 她解释得很清楚。
[例]The students are busy _________________(清理) the snow on the ground. They are great.
Grammar
1.过去进行时
(1)含义：过去进行时表示在过去某个时间或某段时间正在进行的动作。
(2)句型构成：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他
(3)常用的表示过去的时间状语：
过去进行时可与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：at that time, at 8:00 yesterday evening等；
也可与表示过去的时间状语从句连用，如： when I saw him, while he was walking等。
> They were having a meeting at that time. 那时他们正在开会。
> We were playing in the playground at four yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午四点我们正在操场上玩。
(4)用法：
1)过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作，常与表示过去具体时间点的状语连用。
如at this time yesterday昨天这个时候； at 8 o'clock last night昨晚8点。
> I was watching TV at 9 o'clock last night. 昨晚9点我正在看电视。
2)过去某段时间内持续进行的动作，句中通常有all morning整个上午、all day一整天、from 9 to 11 last night昨晚9点到11点等表示一段时间的状语。
> They were playing football all afternoon yesterday. 他们昨天整个下午部在踢球。
3)与一般过去时连用，描述一个动作发生时一个动作正在进行，
通常用when或while导时间状语从句。
when既可指时间点，也可指时间段，从句中的动词可以是短暂性动词或延续性动词；
while强调主句和从句的动作同时进行，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
> When I got home. my mother was cooking dinner. 我到家时，妈妈正在做晚饭。
> While I was reading. my sister was listening to music. 我读书的时候，我妹妹正在听音乐。
[例]
- Sandy, what is our plan for the coming winter holiday
- Pardon I’m sorry. I ____________ about something else.
A. think B. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking
2. - I called you yesterday afternoon but you didn’t answer.
- Sorry. I __________ a report about animal protection
A. work on B. worked on C. am working on D. was working on
3. - I didn't see you at Sandy's birthday party yesterday evening.
- The exam is coming. I _______ my homework then.
A. did B. was doing C. will do D. do
2. when, while和as的用法
(1) when意为“当...的时候”，既可时间点，又可指时间段，
从句中的谓语动词无可用延续性动词，又可用短暂性动词。
从句中的动词可表示动作，也可表示状态，
从中的动作可与主句的动作同时发生，也可在主句动作之前或之后发生。
(2) while意为“在...的时候，和...同时”,指一个时间段，
从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，
强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或
主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。
[注意]当主句的动作发生在从句较长久动作的过程中时，我们可以用when, while或者as;
在谈论两个同时进行的长久动作时常用while;
当从句中的谓语动词为be动词时，多用when和while;
当主从句动作先后发生时，用when,不能用while.
> I came to this school when/while I was 14 years old. 当我14岁时，我来到了这所学校。
> When I saw Tom, he was talking with a friend of his.
当我看见汤姆的时候，他正和他的一位朋友说话。
> He was reading books while his brother was playing computer games.
当他弟弟在玩电脑游戏的时候，他在看书。
>While we were walking in the street, an accident happened.
当我们在街上走的时候，一起事故发生了。
> When she finished her homework, she went to bed.
当地做完家庭作业，她就去睡觉了。
(3) as引导时间状语从句，意为“当...的时候”，有“随着...”之意，与while意义相近，
强调两个动作同时发生，或某事一发生，另一件事立即发生。
> He ate popcorn as he watched the interesting film. 他一边看有趣的电影，一边吃爆米花。
> I was startled as he opened the door. 他一开门，我吓了一跳。
[例]
- Is Tom in the next room
- Yes. He is playing computer games _______ his sister is drawing.
A. while B. since C. if D. until
2. I got home, my mother was cooking __________ my father was watching TV.
A. When; while B. When; when C. While; while D. While; when
Word power
1. policeman (男)警察 教材P114
[解析] policeman 名词，意为“(男)警察”，复数为policemen,
对应词为policewoman,意为“女警察”。其在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
> The policeman caught the thief. 警察抓住了小偷。
> A group of policemen were sent to deal with the accident. 一群警察被派去处理这起事故。
[拓展]由man构成的表示人的单词：
fireman消防员 postman邮递员 fisherman渔民；渔夫
businessman商人；企业家 salesman推销员；售货员 doorman门卫；守门人
2. ache 疼痛 教材P114
[解析] ache 名词，意为“疼痛”
> I felt an ache in my heart. 我感到一阵心痛。
> The ache in my back is getting worse. 我背部的疼痛越来越严重。
[拓展] ache作动词，意为“疼痛”
> My legs ache from standing all day. 站了一整天，我双腿酸痛。
[链接]英语中表达“身体某部位疼痛”时，常用“身体部位+ache”构成复合词。
head + ache - headache头痛 tooth + ache - toothache牙痛 back +ache - backache背痛
构词法：合成词
合成词通常是把两个或两个以上的单词合并到一起，组成一个表示单独概念的词。
大多数合成词的意义可以从词面上看出来。
如： fireman (消防员)、 timetable (时间表)等。
但是很多合成词的意义很大程度上取决于习惯，不能望文生义。
英语合成词有的连写，有的用连字符连接，有的会分开写。
[拓展]常见的几类合成词：
(1)合成名词
名词+名词： football足球
名词+动词： snowfall降雪
名词+动词-ing形式： horse riding骑马
名词+介词+名词： daughter-in-law儿媳
动词-ing形式+名词： waiting room候车室
动词+副词： takeaway外卖食物
形容词+名词： greenhouse温室
介词+动词： income收入
介词+名词： afternoon下午
过去分词+副词： grown-up成年人
(2)合成动词
名词+动词： water-cool用水冷却
(3)合成形容词
名词+形容词： world-famous世界闻名的
名词+动词-ing形式： peace-loving爱好和平的
名词+过去分词： heartbroken心碎的
形容词+名词： long distance长途的
形容词+过去分词： newborn新生的
副词+动词-ing形式： hard-working辛勤的
副词+过去分词： well-known著名的
数词+名词： first-class头等的
数词+名词+形容词： ten-year-old 10岁大的
介词+名词： indoor室内的
(4)合成副词
介词+名词： outside在外面
名词+副词： headfirst头朝前地
[例]
Which of the following words is a compound word
A. Healthy. B. Blackboard. C. Illness. D. Helpful.
2. "An advertisement in the newspaper says that a new supermarket will open this weekend. " Which underlined word has a different way of forming words
A. Weekend. B. Newspaper. C. Supermarket. D. Advertisement.
Integration
1. We will keep reporting on this developing situation.我们将继续报道这一事态发展。教材P115
[解析] report 动词，意为“报道”，作谓语时后面可直接跟宾语或接介词再跟宾语。
report sth. 意为“报道某事” report on意为“对…进行报道”
It is reported that ... 意为“据报道…”
> The journalist reported the event live. 记者现场报道了该事件。
> It is reported that the CEO will resign. 据报道， CEO将辞职。
[拓展]
report作动词，还意为“报告；汇报；传闻；举报”等。
report sth. to sb. 意为“向某人报告某事” report doing sth. 意为“报告做了某事”
> I will report the accident to the police. 我会向警方报告这起事故。
report作名词，意为“报告；报道；汇报；传闻”等。
in the report 意为“在报告中” a report on sth. 意为“关于某事的报告”
> This is a report about the research results. 这是一份关于研究成果的报告。
reporter 名词，意为“记者；通讯员”。
> I want to be a reporter in the future. 将来我想成为一名记者。
[例] Li Ming read a __________ about wildlife in danger in the newspaper.
A. result B. lesson C. meeting D. report
2. So far 34 people are dead, including three firemen.
迄今为止，已有34人死亡，其中包括3名消防员。 教材P115
[解析] so far意为“迄今为止”，副词短语，常在句中作时间状语，
表示从过去某一时间持续到现在的状况或动作。
其位置较为灵活，可用于句首、句中或句末。
> So far, there is no sign of rain. 到目前为止，没有下雨的迹象。
> We haven't had any problems so far. 到目前为止我们没有任何问题。
[注意] so far常与现在完成时连用，构成"have/has+过去分词"的结构，
表示从过去某个时间点到现在的情况。
> So far, I have learned five English songs. 到目前为止，我已经学了五首英文歌曲。
3. It is also helpful to place ... around the cars to avoid another accident.
在汽车周围放置...也有助于防止再次发生事故。 教材P116
[解析] avoid 动词，意为“避免，防止” 过去式avoided
avoid sth. 意为“避开某物；避免某事” avoid ___________ sth.意为“避免做某事”
> He tried to avoid the traffic jam by taking a different route.
他通过走不同的路线来试图进开交通堵塞。
> You should avoid making the same mistake. 你应避免犯同样的错误。
[例] - I think some online eating shows waste a lot of foods,
-I do agree with you. Laws should be made to ________ food waste.
A. avoid B. accept C. allow D. afford
4. First clean the wound. 首先清洗伤口。 教材P117
[解析] wound 名词，意为“伤，伤口”，可数名词，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，
a wound in/to ... 意为“在...上的伤口”
> The wound in his leg is very deep. 他腿上的伤口很深。
> Lily cried because she had a wound in the arm after playing football.
莉莉哭了，因为她，完足球后手臂上有个伤口。
[拓展] wound作动词，意为“使受伤；伤害”。 过去式wounded
be wounded _____ ...意为“在...部位受伤”
> He was wounded in the leg during the war. 他在战争中腿部受伤。
5. What should I do if it's bleeding 如果在出血我该怎么办 教材P117
[解析] bleed 动词，意为“流血，失血” 过去式________ 现在分词为bleeding.
其为不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语。
bleed to death 意为“因流血过多而死亡”
> His finger is bleeding. 他的手指在流血。
> The cut on his head was bleeding heavily. 他头上的伤口在大量流血。
[拓展] blood 名词，意为“血；血液”。
> Blood is very important to our body. 血液对我们的身体非常重委。
6. Tie a piece of clean cloth round the wound, and press it firmly for 10 to 15 minutes.
用一块干净的布把伤口包(绑)起来并用力按压10到15分钟。 教材P117
[解析] press 动词，意为“按，压”，作谓语时后面可直接跟宾语。
press sth. against sth. 意为“把某物压在另一物上”
> He pressed the button to start the machine. 他按下按钮启动机器。
> He pressed his ear against the door to listen. 他把平朵贴在门上听。
[拓展] pressure 名词，意为“压力”
> He is under a lot of pressure because of his job. 由于工作原因，他承受着很大的压力。
The police came to check and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days.
警察过来检查，警告我们这几天远离海滩。 教材P117
[解析] warn 动词，意为“警告，告诫”。
warn sb. of / about sth. 意为“警告某人某事”
warn sb. not to do sth. 意为“警告某人不要做某事”
warn against (__________) sth. 意为“警告不要(做)某事”
> My mother warned me not to stay out late. 我妈妈警告我不要在外面待到很晚。
> The teacher warned the students of the importance of safety. 老师告诫学生们安全的重要性。
[拓展] warning 名词，意为“警告，警示”
> The red light is a warning of danger ahead. 红灯是前方危险的警示。
【写作】关于某次突发事件或某个自然灾害的文章
1.常用写作短语
(1) at first 一开始
(2) cause sth. 造成某事
(3) hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事
(4) run away from... 从...逃离
(5) as fast as possible 尽可能快地
(6) be hurt or killed 受伤或死亡
(7) warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事
(8) be safe again又安全了
2.常用写作句型
(1) I went to...with...
(2) We were ... when ...
(3) Suddenly ...
(4) We saw/heard/ ...
(5) We ran away from...
(6) Many ... were damaged.
(7) Luckily/Unluckily, ...
(8) ...were happy that we were sale.
一、词语运用
A)根据中文提示写出单词。
1. After taking the final examination, she isn't ____________________(紧张不安的) any more.
2. Drivers can avoid _________________(事故) by controlling the speed of the car.
3.- Did you go travelling during the May Day holiday
- Yes. I did. But you can't imagine how heavy the ________________(交通) was!
4. The sky turned dark, and soon _________________(雷声) and lightning appeared.
5. Millie spoke in a very low _______________(嗓音), but I could understand what she said.
B)根据句意，用括号中单词的正确形式填空
1. When he _________________(call) me yesterday, I was walking in the street.
2. The local charity built shelters to provide a warm place for the ____________(home) in winter.
3. We should respect ________________(fireman) because they always put themselves in danger to protect others.
4. If you get lost, you can ask the police for the right _____________(direct).
5. Don't be ________________(silence). People won't know what you are thinking you don't speak your mind.
二、单项选择
1. - Mum, I called home before dinner, but nobody answered.
- Well, I was cooking in the kitchen ________ your father was watching a match in his bedroom.
A. so B. while C. before D. after
2. Everyone ________ Tommy has only one method to solve the Maths problem.
A. expert B. expect C. explore D. except
3. - Oh, how can I finish the task in such a short time
- You'd better _________, and then make a plan.
A. come down B. break down C. get down D. calm down
4. "Birdwatching" is a compound word. Which word in the sentence "Humans should treat wildlife as priceless treasure. " is also a compound word
A. Humans. B. Wildlife. C. Priceless. D. Treasure.
5. I didn't hear you clearly just now. The children ___________ a lot of noise.
A. were making B. are making C. made D. will make
6. The huge noise like bombs made people ______________.
A. run in all direction B. to run in all directions
C. run in all directions D. to run in all direction
7. If there is a big fire in your house, you should __________.
A. get out to stay high above the ground.
B. try to get something important first
C. get out of the building as soon as possible
D. cover your mouth and nose with a dry towel
8. Jane: It's getting dark. The rain is on its way. You'd better take my umbrella, Amy.
Amy: It's not a long way from here. I can get home before it starts to rain.
What does Amy mean
A. She is sure it will not rain. B. Her home is quite far from here.
C. She doesn't need an umbrella, D. She will not go home today.
三、翻译句子
1.我们应该保持冷静而不是四处乱跑。
We should ______________________________________________________________________
2.几天前，在几个小时的工作之后，消防员终于扑灭了大火。
After many hours' work, the firemen finally ___________________________________________
the other day.
3.小心那把刀!你可能会割伤手指流血。
Be careful with that knife! You might ________________________________________________
4.当我堆雪人时，妈妈在拍照。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.地震发生的时候我正在睡觉。
_______________________________________________________________________________
四、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每单词或短语限用一次
ever he hear quiet when spend quick because out run away
Sami's grandpa lived near the sea. Tall trees stood at the seaside. Sami loved visit 1.________
and play with the birds in the trees. For Sami, it was great fun to 2.____________________ the holiday in grandpa's village.
Sami couldn't believe his eyes 3.__________________he came to Grandpa's village this summer. Many people cut down trees to make tables, chairs and beds. Grandpa was different. He
4.__________________ cut down trees.
One night, Sami 5.________________ strange sound. Suddenly, the ground shook. He got up and ran to Grandpa. "It's an earthquake!" Grandpa said. They ran 6._________ of the house. However. the sea began to roar (咆哮). People in the village shouted and cried while they were 7._________________.
The waves (波浪) were rising (上升) higher and higher. Grandpa and Sami climbed to the top of the house. They found water coming into their house 8.____________.
Later, the wave went back. Soon it was 9.________________ all around. After that, the villagers never cut down trees 10.________________ they knew the importance of planting trees. Now they have more trees everywhere.
五、完形填空
Telephones make us keep in touch with each other easily. But sometimes they are 1_______ . Mrs l.u is my neighbour. Generally speaking, she is very kind and friendly. She has many friends and likes talking with them on the phone.
One day she was 2______ when the telephone rang. She hurried to answer it without turning the gas (煤气) off. It was one of her old 3______. They hadn't met each other since they graduated from college. As a result, both of them were 4_____ and they had too many things to say. They talked and talked. Mrs Lu 5______ the pan. No one noticed how much time had passed. Suddenly. Mrs Lu smelt something bad, and she saw much smoke coming out of the kitchen. She was afraid of it. She 6______ away the telephone, and rushed into the kitchen. She found the pan was on fire! She covered the pan to put out the fire as 7______ as possible, preventing it from spreading. 8______, she did it in time.
She was so afraid that her heart raced rapidly. Now she remembers to turn off the gas before she 9______.
An accident can happen anywhere at any time. It is very 1mportant for us to 10______
safely.
1.________ A. hard B. hurt C. crazy D. bad
2.________ A. sleeping B. cooking C. singing D. drinking
3.________ A. habits B. ideas C. friends D. dreams
4.________ A. angry B. hungry C. excited D. humorous
5.________ A. broke B. burnt C. forgot D. washed
6.________ A. sent B. threw C. gave D. kept
7.________ A. quietly B. heavily C. quickly D. gently
8.________ A. Luckily B. Likely C. Unluckily D. unlikely
9.________ A. talks B. thinks C. sings D. leaves
10.________ A. live B. speak C. answer D. learn
六、阅读理解
The 2025 Spring Festival Gala's new mascot(吉祥物) "Si Sheng Sheng" is here! It's a cute snake in the form of the old Chinese character "巳". It looks funny and is full of good wishes. Let's learn more about it!
Meet "Si Sheng Sheng"
As the Year of the Snake came closer, China Media Group introduced the Spring Festival Gala mascot "Si Sheng Sheng" in December, 2024. Its design comes from old Chinese culture and has a happy and lucky feeling.
Here's why "Si Sheng Sheng" is special:
The spiral patterns on its head and face are from the silver things in Famen Temple, Shaanxi Province in the Tang Dynasty.
A bat picture on its head and a knot (结) on its tail mean "happiness from the start".
The eyebrows (眉毛) look like the ones on an old bronze snake artifact (人工制品) at the Sanxingdui Site in Sichuan Province.
The body has special pictures of the flowers and branches that mean lie and growth.
The flowers on its body stand for spring.
Cultural ideas
The silver Ruyi from Famen Temple gave ideas for the mascot. Its head is like a cloud and has a Buddha picture, showing good wishes. In the past, "Ruyi" was a tool to make your back feel better when it was uncomfortable and also meant good luck. "Ruyi" means "as you wish" in Chinese culture.
This cute mascot mixes history, culture. and fun. It brings everyone good luck for the new year.
1. What is the article about
A. It explains how the mascot was made step by step.
B. It lists things that happened at the Spring Festival Gala.
C. It describes the mascot's design and cultural meaning.
D. It compares(比较) "Si Sheng Sheng" with other mascots.
2. Why is the silver Ruyi from Famen Temple mentioned
A. Because it is famous for being very heavy.
B. Because it is meaningful as it stands for spring.
C. Because it was made for the Spring Festival Gala.
D. Because it helped make the design of "Si Sheng Sheng".
3. What is the purpose of designing the mascot "Si Sheng Sheng"
A. To show the old designs of China
B. To bring happiness and good luck for the new year.
C. To tell something about the silver Ruyi.
D. To make people like the Sanxingdui Site.
参考答案：
一、A) 1. nervous 2. accidents 3. traffic 4. thunder 5. voice
B) 1. called 2.homeless 3.firemen 4. direction 5. silent
二、
1. B 句意：“妈妈，我在晚饭前打电话回家，但是没有人接。”“哦，我正在厨房做饭，而你
的爸爸正在卧室里看一场比赛。”此处强调做饭和看比赛这两个动作同时发生， cook和watch
都是延续性动词。
2.D句意：除了托米每个人都只有一种方法解答这道数学题。expert专家； expect预料，指
望； explore勘探，探讨； except除了。
3. D 句意：“唉，我怎么能在这么短的时间内完成这项任务呢 ""你最好冷静下来，然后做一
个计划。” come down下降； break down分解；get down下来； calm down冷静下来。
4. B分析句子“Humans should treat wildlife as priceless treasure. "中的单词可知， wildlife
是复合词，由wild(野生的)和life(生命)构成，表示野生生物。
5. A 句意：我刚才没听清你说的话。孩子们当时正在制造很多噪音。强调的是过去某个时间点发生的事情，所以用过去进行时， The children是复数，所以用were making.
6. C 句意：炸弹般的巨大噪音使人们四散奔逃。 make sb, do sth.表示“让某人做某事”：介
词短语in all directions表示“四面八方”。
7. C 句意：如果你的房子发生了大火，你应该尽快从大楼里出来，根据常识可知，如果房子着火了，首先要做的应该是尽快从大楼里出来，保证生命安全。
8. C根据“It's not a long way from here. I can get home before it starts to rain. "可知，是指可以在开始下雨之前赶到家，因此不需要带伞。
三、
1. keep calm instead of running in all directions 2. put out the big fire
3. cut your finger and bleed 4. Mum was taking photos while I was making a snowman.
5. I was sleeping when the earthquake started.
四、1. him 2. spend 3. when 4. never 5. heard 6. out 7. running away
8. quickly 9. quiet 10. because
五、
1. D句意：但是有时候它们不好。 hard困难的； hurt受伤的； crazy痴迷的； bad坏的。
2. B 句意：一天她正在做饭时，电话响了。sleep睡觉； cook做饭： sing唱歌； drink喝。
3. C是她的一个老朋友。 habit习惯： idea主意： friend朋友； dream梦想。
4. C 句意，因此她们都很兴奋，她们有太多事情要说。 angry生气的； hungry饥饿的； excited
兴奋的； humorous幽默的。
5. C 句意：陆女士忘记了锅。 break破坏；burn烧： forget忘记； wash洗。
6. B 句意：她扔掉电话快速冲进厨房。 send发送； throw扔； give给： keep保持。
7. C句意：她尽可能快地覆盖锅来灭火，阻止火蔓延。 quietly安静地； heavily沉重地； quickly 快地； gently轻轻地。
8. A luckily幸运地； likely可能； unluckily 不幸地； unlikely不太可能。
9. D句意：现在她记得在她离开前关闭煤气。talk谈话； think思考； sing唱歌；eave离开。
10. A句意：安全生活对我们来说非常重要。
live生活； speak说话； answer回答； learn学习。
六、
1. C 主旨大意题。根据“Here's why "Si Sheng Sheng' is special:"及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了2025年春节联欢晚会的吉祥物“巳升升”的设计和文化意义。
2. D 推理判断题。根据“The silver Ruyi from Famen Temple gave ideas for the mascot. "可知，法门寺的银色如意为吉祥物提供了灵感，故本文提到法门寺银如意是因为它有助于“已升升”的设计。
3. B 推理判断题，根据“Its design comes rom old Chinese culture and has a happy and
lucky feeling. "可知，它的设计来自古老的中国文化，有一种快乐和幸运的感觉，故设计吉祥物的目的是为新的一年带来幸福和好运。