2026届高考英语读后续写常见修辞手法应用解析（共八种）清单（讲义）
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语读后续写常见修辞手法应用解析（共八种）清单（讲义） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 26.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-08-21 22:27:38 | ||
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高考英语读后续写常见修辞手法
一、Simile 明喻
明喻（simile）是通过比喻词连接两种不同事物，突出其相似性的修辞格，常见标志词有 like, as, seem, as if, as though 等。
【高分表达】
The frosty air blew in, cutting like a knife. 凛冽的寒风灌进来，像刀割一样刺骨。
Love is like the wind. You can't see it but you can feel it. 爱如风，你看不见，却能感受到它。
His heart is as hard as a stone. 他铁石心肠。
I couldn't move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. 我的腿动弹不得，仿佛被钉在了地板上。
Her voice sounds as sweet as spring water. 她的声音像清泉一样悦耳。
Time passes like flowing water. 时间像流水一样逝去。
He runs as fast as a cheetah. 他跑得像猎豹一样快。
Memories of childhood flashed through my mind like movie clips. 童年的记忆像电影片段一样在脑海中闪过。
二、Metaphor 暗喻
暗喻（metaphor）不借助比喻词（如 like, as），直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描述，通过隐含的相似性建立联系，是更凝练的比喻形式。
【高分表达】
You are an early bird! 你真是个早起的人！
A heavy silence blanketed the room. 浓重的寂静像毯子一样笼罩着房间。
Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 笑能消融人们的阴郁。
teach a fish to swim 班门弄斧
Life is a journey; what matters is not the destination but the scenery along the way. 生活是一场旅程，重要的不是终点，而是沿途的风景。
Books are the ladders of human progress. 书籍是人类进步的阶梯。
三、Synecdoche 提喻
提喻通过“部分代整体”“整体代部分”“特殊代一般”或“具体代抽象”等方式构成修辞，不直接说出事物全称，而用相关的局部或特征来指代。
【高分表达】
She bought a new set of wheels. 她买了一辆新车。（用“轮子”代指“汽车”）
He is a modern-day Einstein. 他是当代的爱因斯坦（即杰出科学家）。（用“爱因斯坦”代指“杰出的科学家”）
We need more hands on deck. 我们需要更多人手帮忙。（用“手”代指“人手 / 劳动力”）
His words are sharp as swords. 他笔下的文字如利剑般锋利。（用“文字”代指“观点 / 言论”）
四、Personification 拟人
拟人是将非人类的事物（如动物、植物、无生命物体、抽象概念等）赋予人类的动作、情感、思想或行为，使其具有人的特征。
【高分表达】
Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. 顷刻间，纯粹的黑暗统治了森林（黑暗如统治者般掌控一切。）
The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 她经过时，花儿向她点头致意。（花如人般行礼）
Fear seized / swallowed him. 恐惧攫住了他 / 吞噬了他（恐惧如人般主动“抓住”或“吞噬”对象）
The leaves whispered in the wind, telling ancient tales. 树叶在风中低语，诉说着古老的故事。（树叶如人般“低语”“诉说”）
Time waits for no one; we must seize every minute. 时间不等人，我们必须抓紧每分每秒。（“时间”如人般“不等待”，强调其紧迫性）
五、Hyperbole 夸张
是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。它可以加强语势，增加表达效果。
【高分表达】
It brought her heart into her mouth. 让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。
Her appearance fairly took my breath away. 她的美貌令我神魂颠倒。
When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。
I was so hungry that I could eat a horse. 我饿的能吃下一匹马。
六、Parallelism 排比
排比是将结构相似、意义相关、语气一致的短语或句子成串排列，通过重复的句式增强语势，突出情感或观点，使表达更具节奏感和感染力。
【高分表达】
Let history say of us: these were golden years when the American revolution was reborn, when freedom gained new life, when America reached for her best. (Ronald Reagan) 让历史告诉我们：这是美国革命重生的黄金年代，是自由获得新生的黄金年代，是美国达到巅峰的黄金年代。（罗纳德 里根）
To succeed in life, you need to take advantage of opportunities and to follow your dreams. 要想在生活中获得成功，你需要抓住机会，追随你的梦想。
It was the best of times, and it was the worst of times. It was the age of wisdom, and it was the age of foolishness. It was the epoch of belief, and it was the epoch of incredulity. It was the season of light, and it was the season of darkness. It was the spring of hope and it was the winter of despair.（Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities）这是最好的时代，也是最坏的时代；是智慧的时代，也是愚蠢的时代；是信仰的时代，也是怀疑的时代；是光明的季节，也是黑暗的季节；是充满希望的春天，也是令人绝望的冬天。（查尔斯·狄更斯《双城记》）
Don’t make promises when you are in joy. Don’t reply when you are sad. Don’t take decisions when you are angry. Think twice and act wisely. 别在喜悦的时候许下承诺；别在悲伤的时候做出回答；别在愤怒的时候作出决定。三思而行，睿智行动。
Youth is fire, igniting the lamp of hope; youth is the lamp, lighting the way forward; youth is the way, leading us to dawn. 青春是火，点燃希望的灯；青春是灯，照亮前行的路；青春是路，引我们走向黎明。
七、euphemism委婉
委婉修辞通过使用温和、间接的表达替代生硬、直白或令人不悦的词语，以避免冒犯他人或造成尴尬，常用于涉及禁忌、敏感或负面的话题（如死亡、疾病、年龄等）。
【高分表达】
She went to her long home after a brief battle with cancer. 她与癌症做了短暂搏斗后，便永远地离开了。（用“went to her long home”替代“died”，以“回老家”委婉表达“去世”）
He had to leave school due to financial challenges. 他因经济困难不得不辍学。（用“financial challenges”替代“poverty”，委婉表达“贫困”）
The company is undergoing staff adjustments. 这家公司正在进行人员调整。（用“adjustments”替代“layoffs”，委婉表达“裁员”）
八、Pun 双关
双关利用词语的多义性（一词多义）或同音 / 近音现象（音近义异），在句子中形成双重含义，通过巧妙的语义关联产生幽默、讽刺或耐人寻味的效果。
【高分表达】
Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水会让人虚弱。（“weak”与“week”同音，“七天没水让人虚弱”与“七天就是一周”形成谐音关联。）
Why is six afraid of seven Because seven eight (ate) nine. 为什么6害怕7？因为7吃（eight）了9。（“eight”与“ate”同音，字面意为“7、8、9”，实则暗指“7吃了9”，解释“6害怕7”的原因。）
一、Simile 明喻
明喻（simile）是通过比喻词连接两种不同事物，突出其相似性的修辞格，常见标志词有 like, as, seem, as if, as though 等。
【高分表达】
The frosty air blew in, cutting like a knife. 凛冽的寒风灌进来，像刀割一样刺骨。
Love is like the wind. You can't see it but you can feel it. 爱如风，你看不见，却能感受到它。
His heart is as hard as a stone. 他铁石心肠。
I couldn't move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. 我的腿动弹不得，仿佛被钉在了地板上。
Her voice sounds as sweet as spring water. 她的声音像清泉一样悦耳。
Time passes like flowing water. 时间像流水一样逝去。
He runs as fast as a cheetah. 他跑得像猎豹一样快。
Memories of childhood flashed through my mind like movie clips. 童年的记忆像电影片段一样在脑海中闪过。
二、Metaphor 暗喻
暗喻（metaphor）不借助比喻词（如 like, as），直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描述，通过隐含的相似性建立联系，是更凝练的比喻形式。
【高分表达】
You are an early bird! 你真是个早起的人！
A heavy silence blanketed the room. 浓重的寂静像毯子一样笼罩着房间。
Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 笑能消融人们的阴郁。
teach a fish to swim 班门弄斧
Life is a journey; what matters is not the destination but the scenery along the way. 生活是一场旅程，重要的不是终点，而是沿途的风景。
Books are the ladders of human progress. 书籍是人类进步的阶梯。
三、Synecdoche 提喻
提喻通过“部分代整体”“整体代部分”“特殊代一般”或“具体代抽象”等方式构成修辞，不直接说出事物全称，而用相关的局部或特征来指代。
【高分表达】
She bought a new set of wheels. 她买了一辆新车。（用“轮子”代指“汽车”）
He is a modern-day Einstein. 他是当代的爱因斯坦（即杰出科学家）。（用“爱因斯坦”代指“杰出的科学家”）
We need more hands on deck. 我们需要更多人手帮忙。（用“手”代指“人手 / 劳动力”）
His words are sharp as swords. 他笔下的文字如利剑般锋利。（用“文字”代指“观点 / 言论”）
四、Personification 拟人
拟人是将非人类的事物（如动物、植物、无生命物体、抽象概念等）赋予人类的动作、情感、思想或行为，使其具有人的特征。
【高分表达】
Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. 顷刻间，纯粹的黑暗统治了森林（黑暗如统治者般掌控一切。）
The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 她经过时，花儿向她点头致意。（花如人般行礼）
Fear seized / swallowed him. 恐惧攫住了他 / 吞噬了他（恐惧如人般主动“抓住”或“吞噬”对象）
The leaves whispered in the wind, telling ancient tales. 树叶在风中低语，诉说着古老的故事。（树叶如人般“低语”“诉说”）
Time waits for no one; we must seize every minute. 时间不等人，我们必须抓紧每分每秒。（“时间”如人般“不等待”，强调其紧迫性）
五、Hyperbole 夸张
是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。它可以加强语势，增加表达效果。
【高分表达】
It brought her heart into her mouth. 让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。
Her appearance fairly took my breath away. 她的美貌令我神魂颠倒。
When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。
I was so hungry that I could eat a horse. 我饿的能吃下一匹马。
六、Parallelism 排比
排比是将结构相似、意义相关、语气一致的短语或句子成串排列，通过重复的句式增强语势，突出情感或观点，使表达更具节奏感和感染力。
【高分表达】
Let history say of us: these were golden years when the American revolution was reborn, when freedom gained new life, when America reached for her best. (Ronald Reagan) 让历史告诉我们：这是美国革命重生的黄金年代，是自由获得新生的黄金年代，是美国达到巅峰的黄金年代。（罗纳德 里根）
To succeed in life, you need to take advantage of opportunities and to follow your dreams. 要想在生活中获得成功，你需要抓住机会，追随你的梦想。
It was the best of times, and it was the worst of times. It was the age of wisdom, and it was the age of foolishness. It was the epoch of belief, and it was the epoch of incredulity. It was the season of light, and it was the season of darkness. It was the spring of hope and it was the winter of despair.（Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities）这是最好的时代，也是最坏的时代；是智慧的时代，也是愚蠢的时代；是信仰的时代，也是怀疑的时代；是光明的季节，也是黑暗的季节；是充满希望的春天，也是令人绝望的冬天。（查尔斯·狄更斯《双城记》）
Don’t make promises when you are in joy. Don’t reply when you are sad. Don’t take decisions when you are angry. Think twice and act wisely. 别在喜悦的时候许下承诺；别在悲伤的时候做出回答；别在愤怒的时候作出决定。三思而行，睿智行动。
Youth is fire, igniting the lamp of hope; youth is the lamp, lighting the way forward; youth is the way, leading us to dawn. 青春是火，点燃希望的灯；青春是灯，照亮前行的路；青春是路，引我们走向黎明。
七、euphemism委婉
委婉修辞通过使用温和、间接的表达替代生硬、直白或令人不悦的词语，以避免冒犯他人或造成尴尬，常用于涉及禁忌、敏感或负面的话题（如死亡、疾病、年龄等）。
【高分表达】
She went to her long home after a brief battle with cancer. 她与癌症做了短暂搏斗后，便永远地离开了。（用“went to her long home”替代“died”，以“回老家”委婉表达“去世”）
He had to leave school due to financial challenges. 他因经济困难不得不辍学。（用“financial challenges”替代“poverty”，委婉表达“贫困”）
The company is undergoing staff adjustments. 这家公司正在进行人员调整。（用“adjustments”替代“layoffs”，委婉表达“裁员”）
八、Pun 双关
双关利用词语的多义性（一词多义）或同音 / 近音现象（音近义异），在句子中形成双重含义，通过巧妙的语义关联产生幽默、讽刺或耐人寻味的效果。
【高分表达】
Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水会让人虚弱。（“weak”与“week”同音，“七天没水让人虚弱”与“七天就是一周”形成谐音关联。）
Why is six afraid of seven Because seven eight (ate) nine. 为什么6害怕7？因为7吃（eight）了9。（“eight”与“ate”同音，字面意为“7、8、9”，实则暗指“7吃了9”，解释“6害怕7”的原因。）