XB1U1 Grammar非谓语动词做主语和表语(学生版）
一、Let’s explore the rules
1.非谓语动词做主语
1)_________( eat ) out is also a social activity. =___________________
2)__________(go) to college is my wish. = __________________
3）_______( see) is to believe. = ________(see) is believing.
4）_________( defend )their country is the duty of soldiers. =_________
5）____________(praise) by the teacher makes me happy.
6）How _________(use) the machine is still a question.
Let’s summarize the rules:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
it 作为形式主语时，常见句型: It + be +adj. + ( for sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰物e.g. important difficult / necessary / interesting…） It + be +adj. /+ ( of sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰人e.g. nice/ foolish/ clever /kind/ rude…） It + be + n. + to do sth It takes/ took/ will take sb some time/money to do sth It is no use/no good/ no fun/a waste of time +doing
Let’s compare： (易混情形)
1)________(cook) at home is cheaper.
2)________(cook) at home, he found a lot of fun.
3)_________(try) it, and you will like it.
4)__________(improve) his English, he does a lot of reading.
Let’s practice:
①__________(do) this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.
②It is against my principles __________(do) such a thing.
③_______ is foolish ______you to give up the chance.
④_________(recognize) wherever he goes is the price he pays for being famous.
⑤_________ say is one thing and to do is another.
⑥When ________(start) the project has not been decided.
⑦看到他们浪费这么多食物令人遗憾。_____________________
⑧It’s no use __________(cry)
2.非谓语动词做表语
1) My plan is ________( invite ) my friends over at the weekend.
2) All you should do now is________( devote) yourself to studying hard.
3) My puzzle is how ________(find) the money I need.
4) The students will get ________(confuse) if they learn too much a time.
5) As scheduled, the festival is _________(hold) in the city hall On October 26th.
6）Her favorite sport is swimming.(swim)
Let’s summarize the rules:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
二、Let’s apply the rules
1. Finish the sentences using the correct forms of the given words.
1) It’s bad for your eyes ________ (play) computer games too much.
2) His ambition is _____________ (become) a successful scientist when he graduates.
3) ___________ (enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smartphones.
4) What we can do is ____________ (ensure) that all people have access to a complete diet, not just those in the wealthy parts of the world but everywhere in the world.
5) It’s no use _________(wait) for him any longer.
6) The first thing to do is _______(find) him.
7) His __________(come) made us very happy.
8) ____________(accompany) by flowers and applauses does not necessarily mean one is leading a happy life.
2. Let’s apply the rules in our writing
1.拥有良好的英语语法知识，每个星期天下午参加英语角对我的英语口语有很多好处。
2.我很荣幸在这里与你分享如何与父母相处好的观点。
3.这节目的目的是欣赏中国古代诗歌的美，学习中国古代伟大思想的智慧。
4.按计划，活动将于10月26日在市政厅举行，为期三天。
5.在我们的日常生活中拥有一个好的心情对于我们来说是很重要的。
6.网课期间，努力认真听讲是必要的，它能让我们更加有效地提高我们的学习。养成自律的习惯使我们取得成功的基础。
三、Homework
请你写一篇短文向英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间的运动。（至少三处非谓语）XB1U1 Grammar非谓语动词做主语和表语(教师版）
一、Let’s explore the rules
1.非谓语动词做主语
1) Eating ( eat ) out is also a social activity. =It is also a social activity to eat out.
2) To go (go) to college is my wish. = It is my wish to go to college.
3) To see ( see) is to believe. = Seeing (see) is believing.
4) Defending /To defend ( defend )their country is the duty of soldiers. =It is the duty of soldiers to defend their country.
5) Being praised (praise) by the teacher makes me happy.
6）How to use (use) the machine is still a question.
Let’s summarize the rules:
非谓语动词作主语常见形式为：to do 、doing
doing常表经常性、习惯性、抽象的、概念性的动作或状态。表具体的动作，尤指某一次的动作常用to do
可改为 用It 作形式主语
注意被动的形式；being done (如第5题）
用to do 还是doing ,要注意句子结构的平衡 (如第3题）
疑问词+to do 做主语
谓语动词常为单数
it 作为形式主语时，常见句型: It + be +adj. + ( for sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰物e.g. important difficult / necessary / interesting…） It + be +adj. /+ ( of sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰人e.g. nice/ foolish/ clever /kind/ rude…） It + be + n. + to do sth It takes/ took/ will take sb some time/money to do sth It is no use/no good/ no fun/a waste of time +doing
Let’s compare： (易混情形)
1) Cooking (cook) at home is cheaper.
2) Cooking(cook) at home, he found a lot of fun.
3) Try (try) it, and you will like it.
4) To improve(improve) his English, he does a lot of reading.
注意：动词在句首不一定就是作主语。
Let’s practice:
①Doing (do) this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.
②It is against my principles to do (do) such a thing.
③ It is foolish of you to give up the chance.
④Being recognized (recognize) wherever he goes is the price he pays for being famous.
⑤To say (say) is one thing and to do is another.
⑥When to start (start) the project has not been decided.
⑦看到他们浪费这么多食物令人遗憾。It is a pity to see them waste so much food.
⑧It’s no use crying (cry)
2.非谓语动词做表语
1) My plan is to invite ( invite ) my friends over at the weekend.
2) All you should do now is devote ( devote) yourself to studying hard.
3) My puzzle is how to find (find) the money I need.
4) The students will get confused (confuse) if they learn too much a time.
5) As scheduled, the festival is to be held (hold) in the city hall On October 26th.
6）Her favorite sport is swimming.(swim)
Let’s summarize the rules:
非谓语动词作主语常见形式为：to do 、doing、done
1.doing常表经常性、习惯性、抽象的、概念性的行为。表具体的动作，尤指某一次的动作常用to do
2. 说明主语的性质特征表“令人......的”用doing;说明主语的心里感觉表“感到...的”用done.
3. 在主语从句或主语所含有的定语从句中带有do时，可省他to.(如第2题）
4. be to do 固定结构(如第5题）
5. 疑问词+to do 做表语
6.注意被动形式 to be done / being done.
二、Let’s apply the rules
1. Finish the sentences using the correct forms of the given words.
1) It’s bad for your eyes to play (play) computer games too much.
2) His ambition is to become (become) a successful scientist when he graduates.
3) To enjoy (enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smartphones.
4) What we can do is ensure (ensure) that all people have access to a complete diet, not just those in the wealthy parts of the world but everywhere in the world.
5) It’s no use waiting (wait) for him any longer.
6) The first thing to do is find (find) him.
7) His coming (come) made us very happy.
8) Being accompanied (accompany) by flowers and applauses does not necessarily mean one is leading a happy life.
2. Let’s apply the rules in our writing
1.拥有良好的英语语法知识，每个星期天下午参加英语角对我的英语口语有很多好处。
Having a good knowledge of English grammar and attending the English corner every Sunday afternoon is of great benefit to my spoken English.
2.我很荣幸在这里与你分享如何与父母相处好的观点。
It’s an honor to be here to share with you my views on how to get along well with parents.
3.这节目的目的是欣赏中国古代诗歌的美，学习中国古代伟大思想的智慧。
The purpose of this program is to appreciate the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry and learn the wisdom of the great thoughts in ancient China.
4.按计划，活动将于10月26日在市政厅举行，为期三天。
As scheduled, the activity is to be held in the municipal hall on October 26th, lasting for three days.
5.在我们的日常生活中拥有一个好的心情对于我们来说是很重要的。
Having a good mood in our daily life is of great importance for us.
It is of great importance for us to have a good mood in our daily life.
6.网课期间，努力认真听讲是必要的，它能让我们更加有效地提高我们的学习。养成自律的习惯使我们取得成功的基础。
During the online course period, it is necessary to listen carefully and work hard, as it enables us to improve our study more effectively. Developing the habit of self - discipline is the foundation for us to achieve success.
三、Homework
请你写一篇短文向英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间的运动。（至少三处非谓语）
Possible version :
Skipping Rope: A Perfect Break - Time Sport
In our busy school days, it matters a lot to find a suitable sport for break time. I'd like to recommend skipping rope, a fantastic choice to boost our energy and refresh our minds.
Skipping rope is easy to start. All we need is to prepare a rope and find a small space, making it convenient to practice during the short break. When we skip, our bodies keep moving, helping blood circulate better and our muscles stretch, which is great to reduce the tiredness from long - time sitting.What’s more, it brings fun. We can skip alone to challenge our speed or with classmates, creating a lively atmosphere. So, let's pick up a rope and enjoy skipping, making our break time healthy and enjoyable!
