复合主干-宾语从句 练习题 教师版
练习1
宾语从句高考考点分析
宾语从句是高考英语的重要考点，主要涉及引导词的选择、语序、时态以及特殊用法等方面，具体如下：
引导词的选择（that的用法—通常情况下可省略，除了与介词 except、but、besides 以及和who、what 等引导的从句与 that 引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时，that 也不可省略。；whether/if的选择--二者在引导宾语从句时常可互换，但宾语从句置于句首时、在介词后、后面紧跟 or not 时、与动词不定式连用时，只能用 whether。；连接代词和连接副词的选择--前者做主语宾语等，后者做状语）
语序（宾语从句要用陈述语序，即 “主语 + 谓语 + 其他” 的顺序。）
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.（√）
The teacher asked us how many people were there in the room.（×）
时态（主句是现在时，主句是过去时；宾语从句表达客观真理等情况）
主句为现在时或将来时，从句时态不限制: I remember Yang Hua phoned you yesterday.
主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态：He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
从句表真理，时态不限制: The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
it 作形式宾语（构成 “make/find/feel... + it + adj./n. + that...” 结构）
We made it clear that we would not give up. (it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that we would not give up)
否定转移（I don’t think this dress fits you well.）
一、单项选择
1. （2025 年北京海淀一模改编）To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe _____ it affects your emotions.
A. that B. how C. what D. what
2. The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
3. Betty said that she ___ to Beijing.
A. has never gone B. has never been
C. had never gone D. had never been
4. The students want to know whether they___ the new book today.
A. had B. has C. will have D. are
5. Our teacher said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled
6. She asked Linda if___ go shopping with her this Sunday afternoon.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
7. Can you tell me _________________________, Betty
A. who you were born
B. when were you born
C. when you were born
D. where were you born
8. I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
9. We think it highly probable ____ he is dead.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
10. She didn't know___ he _____ be back soon or not.
A. whether, would B. if, would
C. whether, will D. if, will
11. I can’t imagine _____ he did it.
A. how B. what C. that D. if
12. It all depends on _____we solve this problem in time.
A. what B. how C. when D. where
13. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening
A. what B when C why D how
14. He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
15. He will give _____ needs help warm support.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whichever D. who
16. I can judge by ____ I know of him.
A. why B. how C. that D. what
17. You can write about ______ topic you prefer to participate this competition.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. that
18. We have offered her the job, but I don’t know _____she will accept it.
A. why B. if C. that D. what
19. Her mum is seriously ill, and she has been prepared to do _____ it takes to save her mum’s life.
A. what B. whoever C. whatever D. whichever
20. It is good to know _____ the flowers in the garden will be looked after well.
A. that B. what C. which D. if
21. The students said ____ he must go home before 6 o’clock after school.
A. why B. that C. if D. why
22.-- Could you show me _____________________________
--Sure.
A. where is the hospital
B. how can I get to the hospital
C. where the hospital is
D. which bus can I take to the hospital
23. No one saw ______ on earth happened to the little boy who was lost last night in front of his school.
A. that B. what C. how D. when
24. The police were uncertain about _____the car driver was guilty before he saw the dashboard camera. (行车记录仪)
A. if B. whether C. what D. that
25. The police doubted _____ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
A. whether B. if C. why D. that
26. She argued _____ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
参考答案：
B, 句意：要弄清楚独处时间是让你精力充沛还是消耗你，你最好专门给自己安排一整天，观察它如何影响你的情绪。句中 "observe" 后接宾语从句，从句需要一个连接词来引导。根据语境，此处表达的是 “观察独处时间如何影响你的情绪”，强调的是 “方式、方法”。
A，句意：女孩们问她们是否要带一些食物和饮料。句中 "asked" 是主句的谓语动词，时态为一般过去时。根据宾语从句的时态规则：当主句为过去时态时，从句需用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时等）。
D, 句意：Betty说她从未去过北京。主句谓语动词 “said” 为一般过去时，根据宾语从句的时态规则，当主句为过去时态时，从句需使用相应的过去时态（如过去完成时、过去进行时等）。因此，从句的时态应从现在完成时调整为过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。“has/had been to” 表示 “去过某地（已返回）”，“has/had gone to” 表示 “去了某地（未返回）”。
C, 主句的谓语动词 “want” 是一般现在时，根据宾语从句的时态规则，主句为现在时态时，从句的时态可根据实际情况选择。句中 “today” 表明从句描述的是 “今天是否会有新书” 这一将来的情况，因此从句需用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。选项中 “will have” 符合语法要求，“have” 在此处表示 “得到、拥有”，语义通顺。
C, 根据宾语从句的时态规则，当从句内容为客观真理、自然现象等时，无论主句时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。” 月亮绕地球转” 是永恒不变的客观事实，因此从句谓语动词用一般现在时 “travels。
B, 本题考查宾语从句的语序和时态。语序：宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），而选项 A “could she” 是疑问语序，不符合语法规则，可排除。时态：主句谓语动词 “asked” 是一般过去时，根据宾语从句的时态呼应规则，从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外）could.
C, 本题考查宾语从句的语序和语义搭配。语序：宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），而选项 B “when were you born” 和 D “where were you born” 均为疑问语序，不符合语法规则，可直接排除。根据句意符合的答案为C。
B, 选项 A “what” 在从句中需充当主语或宾语等成分，但本句从句 “they have passed the exam” 结构完整（主谓宾齐全），无需额外成分，故排除。选项 B “if” 表示 “是否”，引导宾语从句时不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用，符合句意 “我不知道他们是否通过了考试”。选项 C “when”（何时）和 D “where”（何地）均为疑问副词，在从句中需作时间或地点状语，但本句从句不涉及时间或地点的询问，语义不符，排除。
A, 本题考查宾语从句的连接词用法。句中 “it” 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句 “he is dead”。在这种 “主语 + 谓语 + it + 形容词 + 从句” 的结构中，从句为陈述句，且不缺少任何成分，需用连接词 “that” 引导，“that” 在此处仅起连接作用，不充当句子成分。选项 B “what”、C “which”、D “who” 均为连接代词，在从句中需充当主语、宾语等成分，但本句从句结构完整，无需这些代词，故排除。
A, 连接词辨析：“whether” 和 “if” 都可表示 “是否”，但当从句后有 “or not” 时，只能用 “whether”，不能用 “if”，因此排除选项 B 和 D。时态呼应：主句谓语动词 “didn't know” 是一般过去时，根据宾语从句的时态规则，从句需用相应的过去时态。选项 C 中 “will” 是一般将来时，与主句的过去时态不一致；选项 A 中 “would” 是 “will” 的过去式，符合过去将来时的要求，时态正确。
A, 本题考查宾语从句的连接词辨析。句中 “imagine” 后接宾语从句 “he did it”，从句主谓宾结构完整（he 为主语，did 为谓语，it 为宾语），但缺少方式状语，需用连接副词 “how”（如何、怎样）引导，表达 “他是怎样做这件事的”。
B, 本题考查宾语从句的连接词辨析。句中 “depends on” 后接宾语从句，从句结构为 “we solve this problem in time”，主谓宾完整（we 为主语，solve 为谓语，this problem 为宾语），但需要一个连接词表达 “解决问题的方式”。
A, 本题考查宾语从句中连接词的辨析。句中 “know” 后接宾语从句 “they listened to yesterday evening”，从句的谓语动词 “listened to” 是及物动词短语，后面需要接宾语（即 “听的内容”）。
C, 本题考查宾语从句中连接代词的辨析。句中 “asked me” 后接宾语从句 “_____ told me the accident”，从句缺少主语（表示 “谁告诉我这个事故”），需用连接代词在从句中充当主语。
B, 本题考查宾语从句中连接代词的辨析。B, 句中 “give” 后接宾语从句 “_____ needs help”，从句缺少主语（表示 “需要帮助的人”），且需要一个词涵盖 “所有需要帮助的人”，而非特定的某个人。
D, 本题考查宾语从句中连接词的辨析。句中 “by” 为介词，后接宾语从句 “____ I know of him”，从句的谓语动词 “know” 是及物动词，需要接宾语（即 “我对他所了解的内容”）。选项 D “what” 是连接代词，可在从句中作宾语，指代 “所了解的内容”，符合语法和句意 “我可以根据我对他的了解来判断”；选项 A “why”（为什么）、B “how”（如何）均为连接副词，在从句中作状语（原因、方式），但本句从句缺少宾语，而非状语，排除；选项 C “that” 引导宾语从句时无实际意义，且不能在从句中充当成分，而本句从句需要宾语，排除。
A, 句中 “about” 后接宾语从句 “______ topic you prefer to participate in this competition”，从句需要一个连接词修饰 “topic”（主题），且语境隐含 “在多个可选主题中选择” 的含义。选项 A “whichever” 是复合连接代词，意为 “无论哪一个”，用于特定范围内的选择，可修饰名词 “topic”，符合句意 “在这次比赛中，你可以写任何一个你喜欢的主题”（暗示存在多个备选主题）；选项 B “however” 是连接副词，意为 “无论如何”，用于修饰形容词或副词，不能修饰名词 “topic”，排除；选项 C “whatever” 意为 “无论什么”，虽可修饰名词，但强调 “没有范围限制的任何事物”，而此处 “competition”（比赛）通常会有预设的主题范围，用 “whichever” 更贴合语境，排除；选项 D “that” 引导宾语从句时无实际意义，且不能修饰名词，也无法表达 “选择” 的含义，排除。
B, 本题考查宾语从句中连接词的辨析。句中 “know” 后接宾语从句 “_____ she will accept it”，结合句意 “我们已经给她提供了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”，从句需要表达 “是否” 的含义。
C, 句意：她妈妈病的很重，她已经准备好不惜一切代价挽救她妈妈的生命。Whatever=anything that, 引导宾语从句，兼做takes的宾语。
A, 句中 “know” 后接宾语从句 “_____ the flowers in the garden will be looked after well”，从句 “the flowers...will be looked after well” 结构完整（主语、谓语均有，语义明确），不缺少主语、宾语等成分，仅需要一个连接词起连接作用。所以选that
B, 本题考查宾语从句的连接词辨析。句中 “said” 后接宾语从句 “he must go home before 6 o’clock after school”，该从句是一个完整的陈述句（主谓宾结构齐全，语义明确），不缺少任何成分，也不表达疑问或原因等含义。
C, 本题考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句需使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后），而选项 A、B、D 均为疑问语序（助动词 / 系动词在主语前），不符合语法规则。
B, 空格处需要填入一个连接词，引导宾语从句，作动词 "saw" 的宾语。从句 "______ on earth happened to the little boy..." 中，"happened" 是谓语动词，缺少主语，因此需要一个既能引导从句、又能在从句中作主语的连接词。所以选what. 常用引导词中，"what" 可在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语等成分，意为 “…… 的事情 / 东西”，符合 “没人知道那个男孩身上发生了什么事” 的语境；若用 "that"，其在宾语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当成分，而此处从句缺少主语，故排除；"how" 引导从句时作状语（表方式 / 程度），无法作主语，也不符合 “发生了什么” 的语义需求。
B, 句意：警察在看行车记录仪前不能确定汽车司机是否有罪。考察宾语从句。根据题干中的uncertain可知填空处要填“是否”，介词后不能用if表示是否，所以选whether
A, 句意：警察不能肯定他所说的话是真的，决定做进一步的调查。Doubt用在肯定句中时后面的宾语从句常用whether或if引导。
D, 句意完整，结构完整，故用that引导宾语从句。
二、用所学宾语从句知识点，选择正确的引导词, 完成下列句子。
1、Do you know ______ there is a drugstore nearby (if/where)
2、Can you tell me ______ the restroom is (what/ where)
3、The teacher wanted to know ______ he came to school late. (why/if)
4、He told me _______ they were doing. (that/what)
5、She wants to know ______ she didn’t pass the final exam.(why/that)
6、He said ____ he was available tomorrow. (that/what)
7. Mary wanted to ask ______ she had to leave at once. (why/what)
8. Henry didn’t know _______ his father said because of the noise in the train station. (that/what)
9. The old lady doubted _______ the little boy had stolen the apples in her garden. (if/what)
10. Thy young man said _______ he had to go to Shanghai on business.
(that/what)
参考答案：
1. if
2. where
3. why
4. what
5. why
6. that
7. why
8. what
9. if
10. that
三、用所给动词的正确形式填空：(考察宾语从句中主句和从句时态的掌握情况)
1、When I got to the cinema， the film _______（begin）
2、Father said that the movement ______ (take) place in 1945.
3、Will you come and stay with us for a while when you _______（finish） doing your homework？
4、Our teacher told us that all roads ______ (lead) to Rome.
5、Please tell me if she _______（come） again next time.
6. I asked her whether she ______ (want) to go to school on foot.
7. Her brother said that he ______ (have) been working there for many years.
8. Her mother told him he _____(will) catch a bad cold.
9. I said quietly that the little girl ___________ (sleep) now.
10. He told us that he ______ (run) around the lake every day last year.
参考答案：1、had begun 2、took 3、finish 4、lead 5、will come 6. wanted 7. had 8. would 9.was sleeping
10. ran复合主干-宾语从句 学生版
练习1
宾语从句高考考点分析
宾语从句是高考英语的重要考点，主要涉及引导词的选择、语序、时态以及特殊用法等方面，具体如下：
引导词的选择（that的用法—通常情况下可省略，除了与介词 except、but、besides 以及和who、what 等引导的从句与 that 引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时，that 也不可省略。；whether/if的选择--二者在引导宾语从句时常可互换，但宾语从句置于句首时、在介词后、后面紧跟 or not 时、与动词不定式连用时，只能用 whether。；连接代词和连接副词的选择--前者做主语宾语等，后者做状语）
语序（宾语从句要用陈述语序，即 “主语 + 谓语 + 其他” 的顺序。）
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.（√）
The teacher asked us how many people were there in the room.（×）
时态（主句是现在时，主句是过去时；宾语从句表达客观真理等情况）
主句为现在时或将来时，从句时态不限制: I remember Yang Hua phoned you yesterday.
主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态：He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
从句表真理，时态不限制: The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
it 作形式宾语（构成 “make/find/feel... + it + adj./n. + that...” 结构）
We made it clear that we would not give up. (it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that we would not give up)
否定转移（I don’t think this dress fits you well.）
一、单项选择
1. （2025 年北京海淀一模改编）To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe _____ it affects your emotions.
A. that B. how C. what D. what
2. The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
3. Betty said that she ___ to Beijing.
A. has never gone B. has never been
C. had never gone D. had never been
4. The students want to know whether they___ the new book today.
A. had B. has C. will have D. are
5. Our teacher said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled
6. She asked Linda if___ go shopping with her this Sunday afternoon.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
7. Can you tell me _________________________, Betty
A. who you were born
B. when were you born
C. when you were born
D. where were you born
8. I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
9. We think it highly probable ____ he is dead.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
10. She didn't know___ he _____ be back soon or not.
A. whether, would B. if, would
C. whether, will D. if, will
11. I can’t imagine _____ he did it.
A. how B. what C. that D. if
12. It all depends on _____we solve this problem in time.
A. what B. how C. when D. where
13. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening
A. what B when C why D how
14. He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
15. He will give _____ needs help warm support.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whichever D. who
16. I can judge by ____ I know of him.
A. why B. how C. that D. what
17. You can write about ______ topic you prefer to participate this competition.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. that
18. We have offered her the job, but I don’t know _____she will accept it.
A. why B. if C. that D. what
19. Her mum is seriously ill, and she has been prepared to do _____ it takes to save her mum’s life.
A. what B. whoever C. whatever D. whichever
20. It is good to know _____ the flowers in the garden will be looked after well.
A. that B. what C. which D. if
21. The students said ____ he must go home before 6 o’clock after school.
A. why B. that C. if D. why
22.-- Could you show me _____________________________
--Sure.
A. where is the hospital
B. how can I get to the hospital
C. where the hospital is
D. which bus can I take to the hospital
23. No one saw ______ on earth happened to the little boy who was lost last night in front of his school.
A. that B. what C. how D. when
24. The police were uncertain about _____the car driver was guilty before he saw the dashboard camera. (行车记录仪)
A. if B. whether C. what D. that
25. The police doubted _____ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
A. whether B. if C. why D. that
26. She argued _____ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
二、用所学宾语从句知识点，选择正确的引导词, 完成下列句子。
1、Do you know ______ there is a drugstore nearby (if/where)
2、Can you tell me ______ the restroom is (what/ where)
3、The teacher wanted to know ______ he came to school late. (why/if)
4、He told me _______ they were doing. (that/what)
5、She wants to know ______ she didn’t pass the final exam.(why/that)
6、He said ____ he was available tomorrow. (that/what)
7. Mary wanted to ask ______ she had to leave at once. (why/what)
8. Henry didn’t know _______ his father said because of the noise in the train station. (that/what)
9. The old lady doubted _______ the little boy had stolen the apples in her garden. (if/what)
10. Thy young man said _______ he had to go to Shanghai on business.
(that/what)
三、用所给动词的正确形式填空：(考察宾语从句中主句和从句时态的掌握情况)
1、When I got to the cinema， the film _______（begin）
2、Father said that the movement ______ (take) place in 1945.
3、Will you come and stay with us for a while when you _______（finish） doing your homework？
4、Our teacher told us that all roads ______ (lead) to Rome.
5、Please tell me if she _______（come） again next time.
6. I asked her whether she ______ (want) to go to school on foot.
7. Her brother said that he ______ (have) been working there for many years.
8. Her mother told him he _____(will) catch a bad cold.
9. I said quietly that the little girl ___________ (sleep) now.
10. He told us that he ______ (run) around the lake every day last year.
