(共18张PPT)
主要时态
动词的时态=时间+状态
动词时间：现在；过去；将来；过去将来
动词状态：一般态；进行态；完成态；完成进行态
现在
将来
过去
过去
将来
进行态
完成态
完成进行态
一般态
4种时间×4种状态＝16种时态
时
态
am/is/are/
do/does
am/is/are doing
will have done
have /has been doing
was/were
did
was/were doing
had done
had been doing
will/shall do
will be doing
have/has done
will have been doing
would/
should do
would be doing
would have done
would have been doing
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
时
态
am/is/are/
do/does
am/is/are doing
have /has been doing
was/were
did
was/were doing
will/shall do
have/has done
would/
should do
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
had done
一般现在时
(1)表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制)。
The earth revolves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
(2)表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
These oranges taste good and sell in the market.
They always care for each other and help each other.
(3)在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。(主将从现)
If you accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.
（4)少数用于表示起止或转移等的动词如come, go, leave, arrive, fly, return, start, begin, open, close, end, stop 等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
The flight takes off at 8:50 and arrives in Beijing at 11:30.
一般现在时
1.概念:表示经常性习惯性的动作或状态;有规律出现的情况;客观事实真理。
2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…. ), once a week(day, year, month… ),on Sundays(on Mondays…)
3.基本结构:am/is/are /do/does
1. 我每天早晨七点起床.
_______________________________________________________________________ 2. 她经常在公园里慢跑.
_______________________________________________________________________
3. 电子邮件比传统信件更方便.
_______________________________________________________________________
4. 飞机准时到达伦敦机场.
_______________________________________________________________________
5. 我的父亲在一家银行工作.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
I get up at seven o'clock every morning.
She often jogs in the park.
Emails are more convenient than traditional letters.
The plane arrives at London Airport on time.
My father works at a bank.
一般过去时
1.概念:表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态;表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
2.时间状语: ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time..
3.基本结构:was/were/did(动词用过去式)
1.她上个月参加了一场比赛。
___________________________________________________________________________
2.他上周看了一部电影。
___________________________________________________________________________
3.他们去年去北京度假了。
___________________________________________________________________________
4.我昨晚做了作业。
___________________________________________________________________________
She took part in a competition last month.
He watched a movie last week.
They went to Beijing on vacation last year.
I did my homework last night.
一般将来时
1.概念:表示将来某一时段所发生的动作或状态;表示将来某段时间内经常发生的动作或状态。
2.时间状语: tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon, the day after tomorrow , next Sunday/week/year/month,soon, in a few days ...
3.基本结构:will/shall+do(动词原形); be going to +do(动词原形)
1.我明天会去拜访我的祖父母。___________________________________________________________________________
2.他下周将开始一份新工作。___________________________________________________________________________
3.我们下个月要去旅行。
___________________________________________________________________________
I will visit my grandparents tomorrow.
He will start a new job next week.
We are going to travel next month.
现在进行时
1.用法:表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。此动作始于过去，现在正在进行，而且可能会继续进行下去。
2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are +doing
1.他此刻正在客厅看电视。____________________________________________________________________________
2.孩子们今天下午在公园里放风筝。
____________________________________________________________________________
3.我妈妈今晚一直在厨房做晚餐。
____________________________________________________________________________
4.她没有在房间里弹钢琴。
____________________________________________________________________________
9.他们现在在操场上踢足球吗？
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
He is watching TV in the living room at the moment.
Children are flying kites in the park this afternoon.
My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen tonight.
She isn't playing the piano in the room.
Are they playing football on the playground now
四类动词不宜用现在进行时:
①表示心理状态、情感的动词：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, (dis)agree, mean, need, doubt, prefer, realize, appreciate, recognize, remember, suppose, understand, astonish, deny, impress, please, satisfy等。
②表示存在状态的动词：be, appear, concern, consist, contain, depend, deserve, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to等。
③表示行为结果的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete等。
④表示感官的动词：see (看见), hear (听见), feel (感觉出), taste (尝出), smell (闻到), notice (注意), observe (观察), look (看起来)等。
过去进行时
1.用法:表示过去某一特定时刻正在发生的动作。此动作始于过去，在过去某一特定时间正在进行，并可能继续进行下去。
2.时间状语:at this ime yesterday或以 when 引导的时间状语从句(从句谓语动词是一般过去时)，一般来说会在同一个句子中明确表示出这个过去的时间点。
3.基本结构:was/were +doing
1.昨晚八点我正在看电视。
_________________________________________________________________________ 2.当你打电话时，我正在洗澡。
_________________________________________________________________________
3.上周六晚上他们没有在开派对。
_________________________________________________________________________
4.前天这个时候，你正在跳舞吗？
_________________________________________________________________________
I was watching TV at eight o'clock last night.
I was taking a bath when you called.
They weren't having a party last Saturday night.
Were you dancing at this time the day before yesterday
现在完成时
1.概念:现在完成时既可表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的结果或影响;也可表示动作从过去某时间开始,一直持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去.
2.时间状语: already, yet, just, ever, before,this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, until now, up to now, so far, in the past few+ 时间段, since +时间点, for+ 时间段
3.基本结构:has /have done
1.我已经完成作业了。
________________________________________________________________________
2.他们自2010年起就住在这个城市。
________________________________________________________________________
3.他还没有读完这本书。
________________________________________________________________________
4.我姐姐刚刚买了一部新手机。
________________________________________________________________________
5.妈妈已经做好晚饭了。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
I have finished my homework.
They have lived in this city since 2010.
He hasn't finished reading this book yet.
My sister has just bought a new mobile phone.
Mom has already cooked dinner.
现在完成时
1.概念:现在完成时既可表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的结果或影响;也可表示动作从过去某时间开始,一直持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去.
2.时间状语: already, yet, just, ever, before,this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, until now, up tonow,so far,in the past few+ 时间段,since +时间点, for+ 时间段
3.基本结构:has /have done
6.她已经学英语十年了。
_______________________________________________________________________
7.她最近去过北京吗？
_______________________________________________________________________
8.你曾经看过这部电影吗？
_______________________________________________________________________
9.你已经和老师谈过了吗？
_______________________________________________________________________
She has learned English for ten years.
Has she been to Beijing recently？
Have you ever seen this movie？
Have you talked with the teacher yet？
过去完成时
1.概念:以过去某个时间为参照，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前已完成的动作，即“过去的过去”
2.时间状语:by+过去的时间;表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语。
3.基本结构:had done
1.到上月底，他们已经完成了工作。
______________________________________________________________________
2.他说他在那之前从未去过上海。
______________________________________________________________________
3.昨天当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始15分钟了。
______________________________________________________________________
By the end of last month, they had finished the work.
He said he had never been to Shanghai before that.
When I arrived at the cinema yesterday, the movie had been on for 15 minutes.
将来完成时
1.概念:表示到将来某个时间为止势必会完成或预计要完成的动作。
2.时间状语:by+将来的时间;表将来的时间状语。
3.基木结构:will /shall +have +done
1.到明天这个时候，我将已经完成报告。
_____________________________________________________________________
2.两年后，她将已经从大学毕业。
_____________________________________________________________________
3.你到达时，我们会已经把派对准备好了。
_____________________________________________________________________
4.明天下午五点，她不会已经完成所有家务。
_____________________________________________________________________
By this time tomorrow, I will have finished the report.
In two years, she will have graduated from university.
we will have prepared the party by the time you arrive
By five o'clock tomorrow afternoon, she won't have finished all the housework.
被动语态
am/is /are done
am/is/are being done
was/were
been done
was/were being done
will/shall be done
have/has been done
would/
should be done
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
had been done
态
时
Thanks you!简单句翻译-时态 学案
时态的基本结构
主要时态
一般现在时
时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…. ), once a week(day, year, month… ),on Sundays(on Mondays…)
(1)我每天早晨七点起床.
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________ (2)她经常在公园里慢跑.
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
(3)电子邮件比传统信件更方便.
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
一般过去式
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time..
(1).她上个月参加了一场比赛。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
（2） 我昨晚做了作业。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
一般将来时
时间状语：tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon, the day after tomorrow , next Sunday/week/year/month,soon, in a few days ...
(1)我明天会去拜访我的祖父母。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________ (2)他下周将开始一份新工作。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
现在进行时
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
(1)他此刻正在客厅看电视。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________ (2)孩子们今天下午在公园里放风筝。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
过去进行时
时间状语：at this time yesterday或以 when 引导的时间状语从句(从句谓语动词是一般过去时)，一般来说会在同一个句子中明确表示出这个过去的时间点_(1)当你打电话时，我正在洗澡。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
现在完成时
时间状语：already, yet, just, ever, before,this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, until now, up to now, so far, in the past few+ 时间段, since +时间点, for+ 时间段
(1)我已经完成作业了。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________ (2)我姐姐刚刚买了一部新手机。
翻译 ：_______________________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________
特殊疑问句：__________________________________________________
过去完成时
时间状语：by+过去的时间;表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语。
（1）到上月底，他们已经完成了工作。
_____________________________________________________________________
（2）他说他在那之前从未去过上海。
_____________________________________________________________________
昨天当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始15分钟了。 _____________________________________________________________________
将来完成时
时间状语：by+将来的时间;表将来的时间状语。
（1）到明天这个时候，我将已经完成报告。
_____________________________________________________________________
（2）两年后，她将已经从大学毕业。
_____________________________________________________________________
被动语态的基本结构
