2017人教版高考英语一轮练习及答案—必修5 Unit 5 First Aid

2017人教版高考英语一轮练习及答案—必修5Unit 5
新题型—短文语法填空
A man from Korea was telling a friend about his trip to the United States. The man had visited major businesses and investment companies in New York City and Chicago.
“I studied English before I left home，”he said. “But I still was not sure that people were speaking English”．
His problem is easy to understand. Americans in business are like people who are in business anywhere. They have a language of their own. Some of the business words and expressions deal with the special areas of their work. Other expressions are borrowed from different kinds of work such as the theater and movie industry.
One such saying is “Get your act together”．
When things go wrong in a business, an employer may get angry. He may shout, “Stop making mistakes. Get your act together.”
Or, if the employer is calmer, he may say, “Let us get our act together.” Either way, the meaning is the same. Getting your act together is getting organized. In business, it usually means to develop a calm and orderly plan of action.
It is difficult to tell exactly where the saying began. But it is probable that it was in the theater or movie industry. Perhaps one of the actors was nervous and made a lot of mistakes. The director may have said, “Calm down, now. Get your act together.”
Word expert James Rogers says the expression was common by the late 1970s. Mister Rogers says the Manchester Guardian newspaper used it in 1978. The newspaper said a reform policy required that the British government get its act together.
Now, this expression is heard often when officials of a company meet. One company even called its yearly report “Getting Our Act Together”．
The Korean visitor was confused by another expression used by American business people. It is “Cut to the chase”．
He heard that expression when he attended an important meeting of one company. One official was giving a very long report. It was not very interesting. In fact, some people at the meeting were falling asleep.
Finally, the president of the company said, “Cut to the chase”．
Cut to the chase means to stop spending so much time on details or unimportant material, hurry and get to the good part.
Naturally, this saying was started by people who make movies. Hollywood movie producers believe that most Americans want to see action movies. Many of their movies show scenes in which the actors chase each other in cars, or in airplanes or on foot.
Cut is the director's word for stop. The director means to stop filming, leave out some material, and get to the chase scene now.
So, if your employer tells you to cut to the chase, be sure to get to the main point of your story quickly.
Business expressions often __36__in the USA
Passage outline
Supporting details
A(n)__37__of a Korean
He couldn't __38__others while in the USA, though he had learned English.
Where do the business words come from？
·Some __39__with the specific areas of the work.
·Some are borrowed from other work.
Get your act
together
·At the very beginning, it's used for the director to ask the __40__actor who made mistakes to act well.
·People used it __41__ in the late 1970s.
·It means to __42__ yourself well.
Cut to the chase
·It now means to stop wasting time on details or unimportant material and get to the __43__ point.
·It was started by people __44__ movies.
·The director used it to stop to film the chase __45__right now.
【语篇解读】 不同领域有各自的一套说话习惯，你只有了解相关的表达方式才能游刃有余。
36．used/said　[根据全文可知，在美国“Get your act together”和“Cut to the chase”
这两个习语常被生意人使用。]
37．experience　[根据右栏内容可知是一个韩国人出差到美国的经历。]
38．understand　[由第二段中的“But I still was not sure that people were speaking
English.”可知答案。]
39．deal　[根据文中的“Some of the business words and expressions deal with the
special areas of their work.”可知答案。deal with是“涉及”的意思。]
40．nervous　[根据第七段中的“Perhaps one of the actors was nervous and made a
lot of mistakes.”可知答案。]
41．commonly　[根据“Word expert James Rogers says the expression was common
by the late 1970s.”中的common可知答案。]
42．organize　[根据第六段中的“Getting your act together is getting organized.”中的
organized可转换得出答案。]
43．main　[由倒数第四段的内容可知，“Cut to the chase”如今的意思是“不要浪费
时间在细节或不重要的东西上，说重点吧”。]
44．making　[根据倒数第三段中的“Naturally, this saying was started by people
who make movies.”中的make可知答案。]
45．scenes　[根据倒数第二段中的第二句话可知答案。]
一、单句语法填空
1．(2015·北京，22)— Did you enjoy the party?
—Yes.We ____________(treat) well by our hosts.
2．(2015·天津，阅读D)Be bold and brave—and mighty (强大的) forces will come ____________ your aid.
3．(2014·陕西，阅读C)Americans see eating as something to ____________(squeeze) between the other daily activities.
4．It was so hot that he was sweating a lot and his shirt was sticking ____________ his back.
5．(2015·陕西，书面表达)I'm writing to apply ____________ the position as a student volunteer.
6．If you happen to get ____________(lose) in the wild，you'd better stay where you are and wait for help.
7．(2015·江苏，书面表达)What's worse，some drivers，cyclists and pedestrians do not think ____________ vital to obey traffic rules.
8．(2015·江苏，26)It is so cold that you can't go outside unless fully ____________(cover) in thick clothes.
9．I tried to put ____________ hands on the information I needed.
10．(2015·广东，语法填空)One day，the cow ____________(eat) grass when it began to rain heavily.
答案　
1.were treated　2.to　3.be squeezed　4.to 5．for　
6.lost　7.it　8.covered　9.my　10.was eating
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从l?l5各题所給的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，
It happened to a very young pastor (牧师).His church was very old and what's worse, a storm knocked a hole in the wall of the church.
One day the pastor1_____ an auction(拍卖）and bid a beautiful tablecloth for six dollars. He
carried the cloth back to the church and put it up on the wall. It completely hid the 2_____!
Just before noon of Christmas Eve, the pastor noticed a woman standing in the cold at the bus stop. “The 3 _____won’t be here for 40 minutes!” he called, and he invited her into the church to get 4_____ .She told him that she had come from the city to be interviewed for a job as governess to the children of one wealthy family in town but she had been turned down.
The woman saw the tablecloth and rose suddenly. The pastor smiled and started to tell her about the storm 5_____, but she didn’t seem to 6_____ “It is mine!” she said. “My husband had the cloth made 7_____ for me !
She explained that she and her husband decided to go separately in the War II. They planned that he would 8_____ her. But she never saw him again. Later she heard that he had died. The pastor tried to 9_____ her, advising her to take the cloth with her. She 10_____ . Then she went away.
On Christmas Eve, after the service in church, one middle-aged man—the local clock-and-watch repairman—looked rather 11_____ .‘‘It is strange，”he said in his soft accent.
“ Many years ago, my wife and I owned such a cloth.
The pastor suddenly became very 12_____ . He told him about the woman who had been in church 13_____ in the day .Together the two got in touch with the 14_____ who had interviewed her. And this man and his wife -who had been separated through so many saddened 15_____were reunited.
1.
A
had
B
attended
C
held
D
took
2.
A
wall
B
church
C
hole
D
table
3.
A
boss
B
company
C
train
D
bus
4.
A
warm
B
ready
C
cool
D
calm
5.
A
damage
B
story
C
fact
D
truth
6.
A
work
B
believe
C
listen
D
understand
7.
A
carefully
B
attentively
C
finally
D
especially
8.
A
join
B
write
C
bring
D
leave
9.
A
amuse
B
comfort
C
please
D
help
10.
A
cried
B
accepted
C
refused
D
continued
11.
A
puzzled
B
delighted
C
determined
D
disappionted
12.
A
sad
B
shocked
C
hopeful
D
excited
13.
A
later
B
earlier
C
warmer
D
colder
14.
A
woman
B
manager
C
husband
D
family
15.
A
weeks
B
countries
C
Christmases
D
centuries
文章大意：这是一个真实的圣诞节故事，风暴把教堂的墙上弄了一个洞，牧师拍得一块桌布，挡住那个洞。让那个在寒风中领漂泊的妇女进入教堂，最终一对因为战争而分离走散多年的夫妻团聚了。
1. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。A.had有；B.attended参加；C.held举行D. took带。有一天牧师参加一个拍卖会。参加拍卖会应该用attend，故选B。
2. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。A.wall墙；B. church教堂；C.hole洞；D. table课桌。从前面的句子：a storm knocked a hole in the wall of the church.用那块布挡住了洞，可知选C。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。A.boss老板；B.company公司；C.train火车；D.bus公共汽车。从前面的句子the pastor noticed a woman standing in the cold at the bus stop. 可知是公共汽车。车到站还有40分钟，故选D。
4. 【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。A.warm温暖；B. ready准备好了；C.cool冷却；D. calm冷静。他邀请她进入教堂取暖，故选A。
5. 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。A.damage破坏；B. story故事；C.fact事实；D. truth真理。牧师微笑着，告诉她关于风暴的破坏。故选A。
6. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。A.work工作；B.believe相信；C. listen听；D. understand理解。但是妇女好像没听，故选C。
7. 【答案】D
【解析】考查副词及上下文的呼应。A.carefully仔细的；B. attentively专心地；C.finally最终地；D. especially尤其地。根据“It is mine!这是丈夫特别为我做的桌布。故选D。
8. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。A.join参加；B.write写；C.bring带来；D. leave离开。join sb和某人一起。他计划和她汇合。故选A。
9. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。A.amuse使…高兴；B.comfort安慰；C. please使…高兴；D. help帮助。牧师安慰她，建议她把桌布带着。故选B。
10. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。A.cried哭；B.accepted接受；C. refused拒绝；D. continued继续。她拒绝了，就走了。选C。
11. 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。A. puzz led困惑的；B.delighted高兴的；C.determined有决心的；D. disappionted失望的。从后面的句子：‘It is strange，可知很困惑。故选A。
12. 【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。A.sad难过的；B.shocked震惊的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. excited兴奋的。指人高兴用excited；牧师很兴奋。故选D。
13. 【答案】B
【解析】考查副词及上下文的呼应。A.later后来；B. earlier早些时候；C. warmer更暖和；D. colder更冷。告诉他早些时候在教堂的妇女。故选B。
14. 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。A.woman妇女；B. manager经理；C. husband丈夫；D. family家庭。从前面的句子：She told him that she had come from the city to be interviewed for a job as governess to the children of one wealthy family in town but she had been turned down.可知答案是D。
15. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。A.weeks星期；B. countries国家；C.Christmases圣诞；D. centuries世纪。经历这么对悲伤的夫妇最终团聚了。故选C。
【参考答案】完形填空：
1—5 BCDAA 6—10 CDABC 11—15 ADBDC
三、阅读理解
A段
【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
NASA has recently found a twin Earth in the Milky Way. Scientists said the planet was the closest to Earth that has been seen.
Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old. It has a 385-day year and orbits its star at the same distance as us. It is so like Earth that NASA believes it is possible that life once inhabited the planet. Kepler 452b is 60 percent larger in diameter (直径) than Earth. Scientists say that the planet received the same kind of sunshine as we do on Earth. Thus, plants could survive if taken to the planet.
Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth, scientists say it can show a possible future for earth. “If Kepler 452b is indeed a rocky planets, its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.” Said Doug Caldwell, a scientist working on the Kepler Mission.
According to Caldwell, the increasing energy from its aging sun might be heating the surface and evaporating any oceans. Kepler 452b could be experiencing now what Earth will undergo more than a billion years from now, as the Sun ages and grows brighter.
The discovery also gives new hope that alien(外星人) civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System. “We won’t be going to this planet but our children’s children’s children might be.” said Jeff Coughlin, another research scientist on the Kepler Mission.
The Kepler space telescope (太空望远镜) has been looking for signs of new worlds outside the Solar System since May 2009, and has so far found more than 4,000 planets. But those planets are either too hot or too cold to sustain life.
（注：Kepler Mission NASA 设计的发现类地行星的太空探索任务）
1. The following statements about Kepler 452b (Earth 2) are all correct except ________.
A. It has existed for six billion years.
B. It is 60% larger in diameter than the earth.
C. It has already entered an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history
D. It is the closest planet to the earth.
2. The importance of the discovery of Earth2 lies in the fact that Earth2 ________.
① can show a likely future for the earth
② gives new hope that alien civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System
③ proves that life once inhabited the planet
④ proves that plants can survive on other planets apart from the eartth.
⑤ is going through now what the earth will undergo more than a billion years from now
A. ④⑤ B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ①②
3. What can we infer from the text?
A. The earth has existed for about 4.5 billion years.
B. Kepler 452b is one of the planets in the Milky Way.
C. Doug Caldwel and Jeff Coughlin are both research scientists on the Kepler Mission.
D. More than 4,000 planets outside the Solar System still cannot sustain life now.
1. C. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.”可知，“它的位置可能意味着它正在进入它的气候历史中不可控制的温室阶段”的说法只是一种推想，而不是已经进入了。句中的“could”是关键词，它表明了一种假想的情况。故答案为C项。
2. D. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话和第五段第一句话可知，答案应为D项。
3. A. 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话“Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old.”和第三段第一句话中的“Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth,…”可以推知答案应为A项。即地球存在的时间是：（6 billion –1.5billion = 4.5 billion）年。其余各项虽然表述是正确答，但都是原文直接提到的内容，不是推断出来的。
B段
Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed ,for many of the poorest regions(地区)of the world, it remains the next big thing——finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.
Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%. That is some way behind the U.S. , where are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005 , after the fall of the Taliban（塔利班）,which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013——pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.
Television’s most powerful effect will be on the lives of women. In India, researchers Robert Jensen and Emily Oster found that when TVs reached villages, women were more likely to go to the market without their husbands’ approval and less likely to want a boy rather than a girl. They were more likely to make decisions over child health care. TV is also a powerful medium for adult education. In the Indian state of Gujarat, Chitrageet is a popular show that plays Bollywood songs with words in Gujarati on the screen. Within six months, viewers had made a small but significant(有意义的) improvement in their reading skills.
Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.
( ) 1. The underlined word “outlawed” in paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.
A. allowed B. banned C. offered D. refused
( ) 2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Americans used to get access to the Internet easily.
B. The world’s TV sets will total 150 million by 2013.
C.45% of families in the developing countries had a TV in 2005.
D. Over two thirds of families in the world will have a TV by 2013.
( ) 3. The author intends to .
A. stress the advantages of TV to people’s lives
B. persuade women to become more independent
C. encourage people to improve their reading skills
D. introduce the readers some websites such as Google
( ) 4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A.TV Will Rule the World B.TV Will Disturb the World
C.TV Will Better the World D.TV Will Remain in World
【语篇解读】本篇文章为议论文。本文围绕着电视仍然是世界上最有影响力的媒体说起，并用事实进一步证明了电视的存在会让我们的生活越来越好
1.答案B。
【解析】词义猜测题。由本句中the Taliban及1 in 5 Afghans had one可以猜测出，塔利班在政期间是对电视持反对态度，因此是禁止的。故选项B符合题意。
2.答案D。
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families”可知，到2013年，世界上三分之二的家庭都将会有一台电视。因此选D项。
3.答案A。
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide”可以推断出，作者主要强调电视对人类生活积极的方面。故选A项
4.答案C。
【解析】主旨大意题。由第一段第二句“Television is still the most influential medium”及第三段第一句“Television’s most powerful effect will be on the lives of women”及文章最后一段第二句“However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.”可知，本文主要讲的是电视将会让人们生活越来越好。由此可知应选C项。
四、七选五
(2015·甘肃省二诊)
Many people think that they have to accept whatever life throws at them. They'll say, “This is my fate. I cannot change it.”
__1__ You don't have to suffer needlessly. Your fate depends on you, not on any other outside factors.
We want to be happy and live our life to the fullest, but we have to do our share of making the effort to live the life of our dreams.
__2__ You just don't sit around and wait for a million dollars to fall from the sky. You have to get off the couch, get your eyes off the TV screen, get your hands off the phone (unless it contributes to your success), and get your mind and body to work.
If your life is not meant the way you want it to be, don't just say: “Our time will come. ” or __3__“Don't expect your luck to change, unless you do something about it.” If something goes wrong, don't just regard it as a temporary setback; but use it as feedback. Learn your lesson, make the most of the situation, and do something to solve the problem. It's not enough to think positive; you also have to act positive.
If someone's life is in trouble, do you just hope and pray that things will turn out fine? Of course not! __4__ So it is with your own life. It is not enough to hope for the best, but you have to DO your best. In other words, don't just stand (or sit) there. __5__
A．I think so.
B．Of course not.
C．You'd better let it be.
D．Things will get better some day.
E．Do something to improve your life.
F．Remember that you harvest what you sow.
G．You've got to do anything you can to save the person.
文章大意：作者围绕提高生活阐述了积极行动的重要性和必要性，同时批判了消极、不思进取和满足现状等负面的思想。从作者的观点出发来思考，他是在建议读者积极行动，从而使生活能真正地有所改变。
1．B　根据空前“This is my fate. I cannot change it.”和空后You don't have to suffer needlessly的描述可知答案选B。
2．F　根据后句You just don't sit around and wait for a million dollars to fall from the sky可知应是要记住种瓜得瓜，不要坐等机会，可知答案选F。
3．D　根据后句Don't expect your luck to change, unless you do something about it.的描述可知不要等事情会变好，要积极行动。故答案选D
4．G　根据文中前文的Of course not! 的描述可知不能看着别人的痛苦，做自己能做的事情。可知答案选G。
5．E　根据前句In other words, don't just stand (or sit) there描述可知不要袖手旁观，要行动起来改变你的生活。由此可知答案选E。