Period 3 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking)
1．(教材原句)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood hit area
*rescue n．& vt．营救；救援
(1)come/go to one's rescue 来/去援救某人
a rescue team 救援队
(2)rescue．．．from．．． 把……从……营救出来
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Luckily，finding us trapped in the ruins，the soldiers immediately came ____________ our rescue．
②The firefighters rescued five children ________________ the burning house yesterday．
③(读后续写之动作描写)我听说救援队大约一小时前就到了，我们很快就会继续前往目的地。
And I heard that ______________________ and we would continue our journey to our destination soon．
2．damage vt．损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
(1)do/cause damage to 给……带来/造成毁坏
(2)be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
单句语法填空/一句多译
①In the flood，many of the houses ____________(damage)，leaving over 100 people homeless．
②众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。
a．It is well known that smoking can ________________．(damage vt．)
b．As we all know，smoking can ________________．(damage n．)
3．(教材原句)In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins．
*ruin n．& vt．破坏；毁坏
(1)in ruins 毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪
fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁灭
(2)ruin one's hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/使某人失去机会
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
单句语法填空/单句写作
①(应用文写作之安慰信)We're so sorry to hear that a severe Typhoon In fa hit your hometown，leaving your house__________ ruins．
②Heavy smoking may ruin ____________(you)，so you should give it up as soon as possible．
③(应用文写作之告知信)大雨破坏了我们进行马拉松赛跑的计划。
The heavy rain ________________________ to have a marathon．
4．(教材原句)People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again．
*shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt．(使)震惊(shocked adj．震惊的；惊讶的 shocking adj．令人震惊的)
(1)a great shock to sb． 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
to one's shock 令某人吃惊的是
(2)be shocked to do sth． 做某事很吃惊
be shocked at 对……感到震惊
单句语法填空/单句写作
①I received a painful call saying that Juli had just passed away，which came as a shock ____________ me．
②The news of his sudden death is so ____________ that everyone is very ____________ at it．(shock)
③(读后续写之心理描写)尽管松了一口气，但我仍然感到震惊，因为这完全不是我所期望的反应。
Despite feeling relieved，I was still ____________， for this was not at all the reaction I had expected．
5．(教材原句)Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．
*trap vt．使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
(1)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
trap sb．into (doing) sth． 诱使某人(做)某事
(2)set a trap for 给……设圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
单句语法填空/句式升级
①If you walk into the forest，you're likely to fall ____________ a trap．
②The young man ____________(trap) in the building，and he felt very helpless．
③Because of the greenhouse effect，the earth is warmed by gases which are trapped in the atmosphere．
→Because of the greenhouse effect，the earth is warmed by gases ________________________________．(分词短语作定语)
6．(教材原句)Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．
*bury vt．埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
(1)bury．．．in．．． 把……埋到……里
bury one's face/head in one's hands 双手捂脸/抱头
(2) 埋头于/专心于……
单句语法填空/单句写作/句式升级
①In the past three weeks，we have been burying ____________(we) in study because the exam is drawing near．
②(读后续写之动作描写)He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ____________(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat．
③(读后续写之动作描写)他双手抱头，在想如何掩饰他内心的尴尬。
He __________________________________ and was wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment．
④He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading English articles．
→He sat at a wooden table，________________________．(过去分词短语作状语)
→He sat at a wooden table，________________________．(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
7．(教材原句)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins．
*effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
spare no effort to do sth． 不遗余力做某事
make every effort/all efforts to do sth． 尽全力做某事
make efforts/an effort to do sth． 努力做某事
in an effort to do sth． 为了做成某事；努力做某事
without effort 毫不费力
单句语法填空/单句写作
①It takes great effort ____________ (master) a foreign language．
②She took a deep breath and sat up slowly ____________ great effort．
③(应用文写作之倡议书)作为一名高中生，我们应该做的是尽一切努力实现我们的梦想。
As a senior school student，what we should do is to ___________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
④(应用文写作之演讲稿)只要我们每天都不遗余力地做一点事情，我们就会有真正的改变。
As long as ________________________ little bit every day，we'll make a real difference．
8．(教材原句)Did he suffer from the fire
*suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n．苦难，痛苦)
suffer pain/damage/loss/failure 遭受痛苦/破坏/损失/失败
suffer from 受……的折磨；因……而受苦
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Among the students surveyed，55.2% of the boys and 48.3% of the girls are suffering ____________ shortsightedness．
②The old man went through a lot of ____________(suffer) in the old days．
③(应用文写作之倡议书)今年7月，该省遭遇了一场特大洪水，使该省蒙受了巨大损失。
In July this year，the province was hit by a huge flood which made the province________________________．
1．(教材原句)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings．
*too＋adj．/adv．＋to do．．．
(1)too＋adj．/adv．＋(for sb．) to do sth．意为 “(某人)太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。
(2)too＋glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious to do sth．表示肯定意义。
单句语法填空/单句写作/句型转换
①The problem is too difficult for me ____________(settle)．
②(应用文写作之建议信)得知你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我非常高兴给你一些建议。
Learning that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I ________________________．
③晚餐很好吃，但是我吃了太多的鸡肉和猪肉，以至于我太饱了，一点蔬菜也吃不下。
The dinner was delicious，but I ate so much chicken and pork that I ________________________．
④I was so young that I couldn't understand the meaning of the film．
→I ________________________ the meaning of the film．
2．(教材原句)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
*as if/though引导表语从句
as if/though 意为“似乎；好像；仿佛”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句，其用法如下表：
单句语法填空/单句写作
①The captain treats me as if I ____________(be) his own daughter．
②Tom and his new friend talked as though they ____________ (be) friends for years．
③(读后续写之景色描写)开满桃花的乡村，看起来犹如粉红雪铺满地。(虚拟语气)
The country，covered with peach blossoms，looks ________________________．
④(读后续写之环境描写)看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨了。(陈述语气)
Look at the dark clouds in the sky！It looks ________________．
Period 3
核心词汇
1．①to ②from ③the rescue team arrived about an hour ago
2．①were damaged ②a．damage our health b．do/cause damage to our health
3．① in ②yourself ③ruined our plan
4．①to ②shocking；shocked ③in shock
5．①into ②was trapped ③trapped in the atmosphere
6．①ourselves ②buried ③buried his head in his hands ④buried in reading English articles；burying himself in reading English articles
7．①to master ②with ③make every effort to realize our dreams ④we spare no effort to do
8．①from ②suffering ③ suffer great loss
句法句式
1．①to settle ②am too delighted to offer you some advice ③was too full to eat any vegetables ④was too young to understand
2．①were ②had been ③as if/though it were covered with pink snow ④as if it is going to rain
1/6(共70张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
主题语境 人与自然——自然灾害与防范
Period 3 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking)
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
(1)come/go to one's rescue 来/去援救某人
a rescue team 救援队
(2)rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来
1．(教材原句)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area
*rescue n．& vt．营救；救援
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①Luckily，finding us trapped in the ruins，the soldiers immediately came __ our rescue．
②The firefighters rescued five children _____ the burning house yesterday．
③(读后续写之动作描写)我听说救援队大约一小时前就到了，我们很快就会继续前往目的地。
And I heard that ___________________________________ and we would continue our journey to our destination soon．
to
from
the rescue team arrived about an hour ago
(1)do/cause damage to 给……带来/造成毁坏
(2)be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
2．damage vt．损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①In the flood，many of the houses _____________(damage)，leaving over 100 people homeless．
②众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。
a．It is well-known that smoking can ________________．(damage vt．)
b．As we all know，smoking can ___________________________．
(damage n．)
were damaged
damage our health
do/cause damage to our health
(1)in ruins 毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪
fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁灭
(2)ruin one's hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/使某人失去机会
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
3．(教材原句)In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins．
*ruin n．& vt．破坏；毁坏
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①(应用文写作之安慰信)We're so sorry to hear that a severe Typhoon In-fa hit your hometown，leaving your house __ ruins．
②Heavy smoking may ruin ________(you)，so you should give it up as soon as possible．
③(应用文写作之告知信)大雨破坏了我们进行马拉松赛跑的计划。
The heavy rain _____________ to have a marathon．
in
yourself
ruined our plan
4．(教材原句)People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again．
*shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt．(使)震惊(shocked adj．震惊的；惊讶的 shocking adj．令人震惊的)
(1)a great shock to sb． 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
to one's shock 令某人吃惊的是
(2)be shocked to do sth． 做某事很吃惊
be shocked at 对……感到震惊
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①I received a painful call saying that Juli had just passed away，which came as a shock __ me．
②The news of his sudden death is so ________ that everyone is very _______ at it．(shock)
③(读后续写之心理描写)尽管松了一口气，但我仍然感到震惊，因为这完全不是我所期望的反应。
Despite feeling relieved，I was still _______，for this was not at all the reaction I had expected．
to
shocking
shocked
in shock
(1)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
trap sb．into (doing) sth． 诱使某人(做)某事
(2)set a trap for 给……设圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
5．(教材原句)Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．
*trap vt．使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
即学即练 单句语法填空/句式升级
①If you walk into the forest，you're likely to fall ____ a trap．
②The young man ___________(trap) in the building，and he felt very helpless．
③Because of the greenhouse effect，the earth is warmed by gases which are trapped in the atmosphere．
→Because of the greenhouse effect，the earth is warmed by gases _______________________．(分词短语作定语)
into
was trapped
trapped in the atmosphere
(1)bury...in... 把……埋到……里
bury one's face/head in one's hands 双手捂脸/抱头
(2) 埋头于/专心于……
6．(教材原句)Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead．
*bury vt．埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作/句式升级
①In the past three weeks，we have been burying _________(we) in study because the exam is drawing near．
②(读后续写之动作描写)He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ______(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat．
③(读后续写之动作描写)他双手抱头，在想如何掩饰他内心的尴尬。
He _______________________ and was wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment．
ourselves
buried
buried his head in his hands
④He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading English articles．
→He sat at a wooden table，_______________________________．
(过去分词短语作状语)
→He sat at a wooden table，_________________________________．
(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
buried in reading English articles
burying himself in reading English articles
spare no effort to do sth． 不遗余力做某事
make every effort/all efforts to do sth． 尽全力做某事
make efforts/an effort to do sth． 努力做某事
in an effort to do sth． 为了做成某事；努力做某事
without effort 毫不费力
7．(教材原句)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins．
*effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①It takes great effort _________ (master) a foreign language．
②She took a deep breath and sat up slowly _____ great effort．
③(应用文写作之倡议书)作为一名高中生，我们应该做的是尽一切努力实现我们的梦想。
As a senior school student，what we should do is to ________________
____________________．
to master
with
make every effort
to realize our dreams
④(应用文写作之演讲稿)只要我们每天都不遗余力地做一点事情，我们就会有真正的改变。
As long as ____________________ little bit every day，we'll make a real difference．
we spare no effort to do
8．(教材原句)Did he suffer from the fire
*suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n．苦难，痛苦)
suffer pain/damage/loss/failure 遭受痛苦/破坏/损失/失败
suffer from 受……的折磨；因……而受苦
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①Among the students surveyed，55.2% of the boys and 48.3% of the girls are suffering _____ shortsightedness．
②The old man went through a lot of _________(suffer) in the old days．
③(应用文写作之倡议书)今年7月，该省遭遇了一场特大洪水，使该省蒙受了巨大损失。
In July this year，the province was hit by a huge flood which made the province _______________．
from
suffering
suffer great loss
(1)too＋adj．/adv．＋(for sb．) to do sth．意为 “(某人)太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。
(2)too＋glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious to do sth．表示肯定意义。
1．(教材原句)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings．
*too＋adj．/adv．＋to do...
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作/句型转换
①The problem is too difficult for me ________(settle)．
②(应用文写作之建议信)得知你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我非常高兴给你一些建议。
Learning that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I ____________________________________．
to settle
am too delighted to offer you some advice
③晚餐很好吃，但是我吃了太多的鸡肉和猪肉，以至于我太饱了，一点蔬菜也吃不下。
The dinner was delicious，but I ate so much chicken and pork that I _____________________________．
④I was so young that I couldn't understand the meaning of the film．
→I ________________________ the meaning of the film．
was too full to eat any vegetables
was too young to understand
2．(教材原句)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
*as if/though引导表语从句
as if/though 意为“似乎；好像；仿佛”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句，其用法如下表：
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①The captain treats me as if I _____(be) his own daughter．
②Tom and his new friend talked as though they _______ (be) friends for years．
③(读后续写之景色描写)开满桃花的乡村，看起来犹如粉红雪铺满地。(虚拟语气)
The country，covered with peach blossoms，looks ________________
________________________．
were
had been
as if/though it were
covered with pink snow
④(读后续写之环境描写)看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨了。(陈述语气)
Look at the dark clouds in the sky！It looks ___________________．
as if it is going to rain
课时提升作业(十三)
(UNIT 4 Reading and Thinking)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：94分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．All the athletes kept running rather than seeking _______ (庇护) from the rain．
2．Always lowering your head to check your cell phone could do _______ (损害) to your neck．
shelter
damage
3．After the ___________ (电) was cut off，the lights went out．
4．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours，the police sent out a ______ (营救) team to look for them．
5．He ________ (遭受) from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly．
electricity
rescue
suffered
Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Right after he was rescued by the soldiers from the _____ (ruin)，he saluted and smiled to them．
2．The two passengers are so _______(shock) that they open their mouths widely．
3．The door was locked and they ____________(trap) in the building．
4．I had no close friends，so I mostly kept to myself with my head ______ (bury) in a book．
5．Every type of boat was pressed into service ________ (rescue) passengers from the sinking ferry．
ruins
shocked
were trapped
buried
to rescue
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
in ruins，in shock，in the open air，come to an end，sweep away
1．As the year quickly ______________，it was high time for Lily to show her dance to the audience．
2．It is said that this is to ___________ the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year．
came to an end
sweep away
3．The hurricane left the town _______；it would cost a lot of money to rebuild it．
4．For a moment，neither of us moved，we were still _______．
5．We usually go to the yard to enjoy the moon ____________ and eat tasty mooncakes．
in ruins
in shock
in the open air
Ⅳ．完成句子(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
1．这道数学题太难了，我自己做不出来。(too...to...)
The maths problem is ____________________________ all by myself．
2．天气这么暖和，看起来好像已经是春天了一样。(as if)
It is so warm that ___________________ spring already．
too difficult for me to work out
it seems as if it were
3．“不是所有的孩子都生活在最好的环境中，”她的母亲说。(部分否定)
“___________________ in the best situation，” her mother said．
4．这个队在比赛中没有竭尽全力，最终输掉了比赛。(effort)
The team didn't _____________________________________________ and ended up losing the game．
Not all children live
make every effort/all efforts in the competition
Ⅴ．补全短文(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
We are 1．_____________(震惊地发现) that 2．______________
_________(许多自然灾害) happen every year．Facing disasters，people 3．________(感觉好像) the world were coming 4．__ an end．People will go through many hardships and their homes will be 5．__ ruins．Luckily，the government 6．____________________(不遗余力地帮助)those who 7．__________________________(正遭受灾难)．With joint efforts，the new home is not difficult 8．____________
(rebuild)．
shocked to find
many natural
disasters
feel as if
to
in
spares no effort to help
are suffering from disasters
to rebuild
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Children need to be prepared for an earthquake as much as adults，if not more．
Infants and Toddlers
For infants and toddlers，special stress should be placed on making their environment as safe as possible．
Cribs(婴儿床) should be placed away from windows and tall，unsafe bookcases and shelves that could slide or topple．A minimum of a 72-hour supply of extra water，milk powder，bottles，food，juice，clothing，disposable diapers，baby wipes and medicine should be stored where it is most likely to be found after an earthquake．Store strollers，wagons，blankets and cribs with right wheels to evacuate infants，if necessary．Install (安装) bumper pads in cribs to protect babies during the shaking．Install latches on all cupboards (not just those young children can reach) so that nothing can fall on your baby during a quake．
Preschool and School-age Children
By age three or so，children can understand what an earthquake is and how to get ready for one．Take the time to explain what causes earthquakes．Include your children in family discussions and planning for earthquake safety．Have safety drills (演练) every six months．
Show children the safest places to be in each room when an earthquake hits．Also show them all possible exits from each room．Use strong tables to teach children to Duck，Cover & Hold．Teach children what to do wherever they are during an earthquake (at school，in a tall building，outdoors)．Make sure children's emergency cards at school are up-to-date．
Besides，it's important that they know what gas smells like．Advise children to tell an adult if they smell gas after an earthquake．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何保护孩子免受地震的伤害。
1．Which of the following statements is supported by the text
A．Cribs should be placed next to the windows and tall shelves．
B．A maximum of a 72-hour supply of necessities should be stored．
C．It is a good preparation for earthquakes to have regular safety drills．
D．School-age children can deal with an earthquake successfully．
√
C [细节理解题。根据第四段可知，让你的孩子参与家庭讨论和地震安全计划。每六个月进行一次安全演习。由此推断C项表述正确。故选C项。]
2．What would the author most probably discuss next
A．Where to stay after an earthquake．
B．How to tell the poisonous gas apart．
C．How to save yourself when you are trapped．
D．How to escape from the earthquake-stricken area．
√
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知， 此处提到了孩子应该了解气体的味道， 由此推知，作者接下来可能会写如何辨别有害气体。故选B项。]
3．What kind of people is the text mainly written for
A．Teachers． B．Parents．
C．Earthquake experts． D．Children．
√
B [推理判断题。根据文章中出现的“your baby”“your children”和“family discussions and planning”可推知，这篇文章主要是写给父母看的。故选B项。]
4．What's the best title for the text
A．How to Explain Earthquakes to Children
B．How to React While an Earthquake Happens
C．How to Make the Children's Environment Safer
D．How to Make Children Be Prepared for an Earthquake
√
D [标题归纳题。本文的第一段即全文的主题段：孩子们需要和成年人一样做好地震的准备，甚至更多。故本文的最佳标题为D项。]
B
Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely．They stamp their feet and want to move towards the hills．The sea draws back from the beaches．Fish flop (扑腾) on the seabed．Suddenly，a huge wave appears．This is no ordinary wave．It is a tsunami!
Tsunami waves are larger and faster than normal surface waves．A tsunami wave can travel fast as a jet plane and can be as tall as a ten-storey building．Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly．Lots of seawater is displaced and this movement causes huge waves．
If a tsunami happens，there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become moved．Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes．Sometimes，volcanoes，and slides，and large icebergs may also cause one of these huge waves．
Tsunamis are extremely powerful．Ordinary waves lose power when they break．Tsunami waves can remain powerful for several days．Because tsunami waves are so strong，they can kill people，damage buildings，and completely ruin an ecosystem in just one hour．
Scientists have no way of telling people in advance when a tsunami will hit．However，if a powerful enough earthquake happens，scientists can send out a warning or a watch．A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon．A watch means that conditions are suitable for a tsunami．When people receive a watch or a warning，they have more time to prepare．It's best to get prepared before a tsunami is on the way!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海啸的形成原因、特点以及对人类和生态系统的影响。
5．What's the main idea of the first paragraph
A．The power of the tsunami． B．The signs of the tsunami．
C．The causes of the tsunami． D．The damages from the tsunami．
√
B [段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely．”、“The sea draws back from the beaches．”以及“Fish flop on the seabed．”可推理出，本段主要讲的是海啸的前兆。故选B。]
6．What does the underlined word “displaced” in the second paragraph mean
A．Moved． B．Trapped．
C．Destroyed． D．Stopped．
√
A [词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词下文“this movement causes huge waves”可推理出画线词的含义为“移动”。故选A。]
7．According to the text，what will cause a tsunami for sure
A．The floods，storms，and typhoons．
B．The earthquake that happens on the land．
C．The volcanoes，and slides，and large icebergs．
D．The force that causes the ocean water to get displaced．
√
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If a tsunami happens，there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become moved．”可知，导致海水移动的某种力量能使海啸确定发生。故选D。]
8．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．A warning is more serious than a watch．
B．A watch is more serious than a warning．
C．A watch is set out before a big earthquake．
D．There are many ways to tell a tsunami in advance．
√
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon．A watch means that conditions are suitable for a tsunami．”可知，警告和观察信号相比起来，警告意味着发生海啸的可能性更大。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Natural disasters can cause people's fears at any age． 1 ， but you do have lots of influence on how your children may face the possible disasters．Let's see how to talk to your children about natural disasters correctly．
·Be honest
When there is information about natural disasters，try not to hide it． 2 ．They may want to know more about where the natural disaster is and the path that it is on．Give proper explanations or even check books out from the library．
· 3 3
Ask your children what they are nervous about so that you can solve their concerns．Deal with any of their fears，big or small，and provide some kind of comfort．Whether these disasters are happening far away or close to home，they need to know that you will keep them safe．
·Make a plan for your family
There is no place on Earth that is free from possibly suffering some type of natural disaster．All families should have a disaster plan and emergency supplies at home．Create a family safety plan，and share it with your children． 4 ．
·Talk about the helpers
5 ．The idea that firefighters，paramedics (护理人员)，and other disaster service workers will be there to help in case of an emergency helps children take away some of the anxiety．
A．Answer questions
B．Take away your children's fears
C．It is completely natural to be afraid
D．They just have to wait with nothing to do
E．It can prepare them for what to do if a disaster happens
F．Instead，offering detailed information and explanation can help calm your children
G．Teach your children about the different types of helpers that show up in a disaster
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何通过和孩子谈论自然灾害让孩子正确地面对。
1．C [根据空前的“Natural disasters can cause people's fears at any age．”可知，任何年龄段的人对自然灾害都有恐惧，结合空后的“but you do have lots of influence on how your children may face the possible disasters．”可知，成人对孩子如何面对灾难有很大的影响，与此空为转折关系，由此可知，此空应是承接上文，且与空后内容为转折关系，C选项讲述的内容承接上文讲述的“任何年龄段的人对自然灾害都会感到恐惧”，且与空后的内容为转折关系，符合语境。故选C。]
2．F [根据空前的“When there is information about natural disasters，try not to hide it．”可知，出现自然灾难时不要去隐藏，结合空后的“They may want to know more about where the natural disaster is and the path that it is on．”可知，孩子们可能想知道更多关于自然灾害的情况，由此可知，此空应涉及出现自然灾害时应如何处理，F选项讲述的内容是给孩子提供自然灾难的信息和解释对孩子有帮助，与空前内容为转折关系，其中的Instead为关键信息，且空后的They指的是F选项中的your children。故选F。]
3．B [分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其他段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据小标题下的“Ask your children what they are nervous about so that you can solve their concerns．”可知，本段主要讲述的是如何帮助孩子战胜恐惧，B选项讲述的内容符合本段的内容，且概括了本段的主题。故选B。]
4．E [根据本段的主题句“Make a plan for your family”可知，本段主要讲述的是为家庭制订一个计划，结合空前的“Create a family safety plan，and share it with your children．”可知，制订一个家庭安全计划，并且与孩子分享，由此可知，此空应进一步讲述这样做的结果是什么，E选项讲述的内容进一步对空前内容做出解释，其中的It指代空前提到的制订的家庭安全计划，符合语境。故选E。]
5．G [根据本段的主题句“Talk about the helpers”可知，本段讲述的是与孩子讨论一下帮助者的相关情况，G选项中涉及了救援者的相关情况，其中的helpers为词汇复现，且与本段讲述的内容与空后“The idea that firefighters，paramedics，and other disaster service workers will be there to help in case of an emergency helps children take away some of the anxiety．”提到的救援者的相关信息对应，符合语境。故选G。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Spring Festival has been 1．_________ (official) listed as a UN floating (浮动的) holiday in its calendar of conferences and meetings as of 2024．
officially
In a resolution，the UN General Assembly recognizes the significance of the Spring Festival 2．____________ is observed in many UN member states，and invites the UN bodies to avoid 3．__________ (hold) meetings on the Lunar New Year．The resolution encourages this 4．____________ (arrange) to be taken into account when drafting (草拟) future calendars of conferences and meetings．
which/that
holding
arrangement
Dai Bing，China's deputy permanent representative to the UN，said the Spring Festival，as a 5．__________ (tradition) Chinese holiday featuring family reunion and good wishes for the coming year，not only bears the ideas of the Chinese civilization of peace and harmony，but also 6．________ (carry) the common values of humanity such as harmonious family，7．________ sound relationship between man and nature．The listing of the Spring Festival as a UN holiday was widely welcomed among member states and staff members of the UN Secretariat，Dai added．
traditional
carries
and
Many 8．___________ (country) list the Spring Festival as a national holiday，and about one fifth of humanity celebrates this festival in various ways．The resolution serves 9．________ a showcase of the influence of Chinese civilization and aims 10．___________ (improve) interactions between different civilizations worldwide．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。从2024年起，春节被正式列为联合国会议日程中的浮动假日，文章对此进行了详细报道。
countries
as
to improve
1．officially [考查副词。此处修饰动词应用副词officially表示“正式地”，作状语。故填officially。]
2．which/that [考查定语从句。设空处在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为the Spring Festival，应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。]
3．holding [考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth．意为“避免做某事”，动词hold意为“举行”，在及物动词avoid后应用动词-ing形式作宾语。故填holding。]
4．arrangement [考查名词。此处在动词encourages后作宾语，用名词arrangement表示“安排”，前有this，空处用单数形式。故填arrangement。]
5．traditional [考查形容词。此处修饰名词应用形容词traditional表示“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。]
6．carries [考查一般现在时和主谓一致。设空处作谓语，根据“not only bears the ideas of the Chinese civilization of peace and harmony”可知，此处描述客观事实， 应用一般现在时。主语the Spring Festival为第三人称单数。动词carry意为“承载”。故填carries。]
7．and [考查连词。“harmonious family”和“sound relationship between man and nature”构成并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。]
8．countries [考查名词复数。动词country意为“国家”，为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。故填countries。]
9．as [考查介词。serve as意为“充当，担任”，此处应用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。]
10．to improve [考查动词不定式。aim to do意为“旨在做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。动词improve意为“改善”。故填to improve。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十三)
(UNIT 4 Reading and Thinking)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：94分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．All the athletes kept running rather than seeking (庇护) from the rain．
2．Always lowering your head to check your cell phone could do (损害) to your neck．
3．After the (电) was cut off，the lights went out．
4．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours，the police sent out a (营救) team to look for them．
5．He (遭受) from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Right after he was rescued by the soldiers from the (ruin)，he saluted and smiled to them．
2．The two passengers are so (shock) that they open their mouths widely．
3．The door was locked and they (trap) in the building．
4．I had no close friends，so I mostly kept to myself with my head
(bury) in a book．
5．Every type of boat was pressed into service (rescue) passengers from the sinking ferry．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
in ruins，in shock，in the open air，come to an end，sweep away
1．As the year quickly ， it was high time for Lily to show her dance to the audience．
2．It is said that this is to the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year．
3．The hurricane left the town ；it would cost a lot of money to rebuild it．
4．For a moment，neither of us moved，we were still ．
5．We usually go to the yard to enjoy the moon and eat tasty mooncakes．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
1．这道数学题太难了，我自己做不出来。(too．．．to．．．)
The maths problem is all by myself．
2．天气这么暖和，看起来好像已经是春天了一样。(as if)
It is so warm that spring already．
3．“不是所有的孩子都生活在最好的环境中，”她的母亲说。(部分否定)
“ in the best situation，” her mother said．
4．这个队在比赛中没有竭尽全力，最终输掉了比赛。(effort)
The team didn't and ended up losing the game．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
We are 1． (震惊地发现) that 2． (许多自然灾害) happen every year．Facing disasters，people 3． (感觉好像) the world were coming 4． an end．People will go through many hardships and their homes will be 5． ruins．Luckily，the government 6． (不遗余力地帮助)those who 7． (正遭受灾难)．With joint efforts，the new home is not difficult 8． (rebuild)．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Children need to be prepared for an earthquake as much as adults，if not more．
Infants and Toddlers
For infants and toddlers，special stress should be placed on making their environment as safe as possible．
Cribs(婴儿床) should be placed away from windows and tall，unsafe bookcases and shelves that could slide or topple．A minimum of a 72 hour supply of extra water，milk powder，bottles，food，juice，clothing，disposable diapers，baby wipes and medicine should be stored where it is most likely to be found after an earthquake． Store strollers，wagons，blankets and cribs with right wheels to evacuate infants，if necessary．Install (安装) bumper pads in cribs to protect babies during the shaking．Install latches on all cupboards (not just those young children can reach) so that nothing can fall on your baby during a quake．
Preschool and School age Children
By age three or so，children can understand what an earthquake is and how to get ready for one．Take the time to explain what causes earthquakes．Include your children in family discussions and planning for earthquake safety．Have safety drills (演练) every six months．
Show children the safest places to be in each room when an earthquake hits．Also show them all possible exits from each room．Use strong tables to teach children to Duck，Cover & Hold．Teach children what to do wherever they are during an earthquake (at school，in a tall building，outdoors)．Make sure children's emergency cards at school are up to date．
Besides，it's important that they know what gas smells like．Advise children to tell an adult if they smell gas after an earthquake．
1．Which of the following statements is supported by the text
A．Cribs should be placed next to the windows and tall shelves．
B．A maximum of a 72 hour supply of necessities should be stored．
C．It is a good preparation for earthquakes to have regular safety drills．
D．School age children can deal with an earthquake successfully．
2．What would the author most probably discuss next
A．Where to stay after an earthquake．
B．How to tell the poisonous gas apart．
C．How to save yourself when you are trapped．
D．How to escape from the earthquake stricken area．
3．What kind of people is the text mainly written for
A．Teachers． B．Parents．
C．Earthquake experts． D．Children．
4．What's the best title for the text
A．How to Explain Earthquakes to Children
B．How to React While an Earthquake Happens
C．How to Make the Children's Environment Safer
D．How to Make Children Be Prepared for an Earthquake
B
Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely．They stamp their feet and want to move towards the hills．The sea draws back from the beaches．Fish flop (扑腾) on the seabed．Suddenly，a huge wave appears．This is no ordinary wave．It is a tsunami!
Tsunami waves are larger and faster than normal surface waves．A tsunami wave can travel fast as a jet plane and can be as tall as a ten storey building．Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly．Lots of seawater is displaced and this movement causes huge waves．
If a tsunami happens，there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become moved．Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes．Sometimes，volcanoes，and slides，and large icebergs may also cause one of these huge waves．
Tsunamis are extremely powerful．Ordinary waves lose power when they break．Tsunami waves can remain powerful for several days．Because tsunami waves are so strong，they can kill people，damage buildings，and completely ruin an ecosystem in just one hour．
Scientists have no way of telling people in advance when a tsunami will hit．However，if a powerful enough earthquake happens，scientists can send out a warning or a watch．A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon．A watch means that conditions are suitable for a tsunami．When people receive a watch or a warning，they have more time to prepare．It's best to get prepared before a tsunami is on the way!
5．What's the main idea of the first paragraph
A．The power of the tsunami．
B．The signs of the tsunami．
C．The causes of the tsunami．
D．The damages from the tsunami．
6．What does the underlined word “displaced” in the second paragraph mean
A．Moved． B．Trapped．
C．Destroyed． D．Stopped．
7．According to the text，what will cause a tsunami for sure
A．The floods，storms，and typhoons．
B．The earthquake that happens on the land．
C．The volcanoes，and slides，and large icebergs．
D．The force that causes the ocean water to get displaced．
8．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．A warning is more serious than a watch．
B．A watch is more serious than a warning．
C．A watch is set out before a big earthquake．
D．There are many ways to tell a tsunami in advance．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Natural disasters can cause people's fears at any age． 1 ， but you do have lots of influence on how your children may face the possible disasters．Let's see how to talk to your children about natural disasters correctly．
·Be honest
When there is information about natural disasters，try not to hide it． 2 ．They may want to know more about where the natural disaster is and the path that it is on．Give proper explanations or even check books out from the library．
· 3
Ask your children what they are nervous about so that you can solve their concerns．Deal with any of their fears，big or small，and provide some kind of comfort．Whether these disasters are happening far away or close to home，they need to know that you will keep them safe．
·Make a plan for your family
There is no place on Earth that is free from possibly suffering some type of natural disaster．All families should have a disaster plan and emergency supplies at home．Create a family safety plan，and share it with your children． 4 ．
·Talk about the helpers
5 ．The idea that firefighters，paramedics (护理人员)，and other disaster service workers will be there to help in case of an emergency helps children take away some of the anxiety．
A．Answer questions
B．Take away your children's fears
C．It is completely natural to be afraid
D．They just have to wait with nothing to do
E．It can prepare them for what to do if a disaster happens
F．Instead，offering detailed information and explanation can help calm your children
G．Teach your children about the different types of helpers that show up in a disaster
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Spring Festival has been 1． (official) listed as a UN floating (浮动的) holiday in its calendar of conferences and meetings as of 2024．
In a resolution，the UN General Assembly recognizes the significance of the Spring Festival 2． is observed in many UN member states，and invites the UN bodies to avoid 3． (hold) meetings on the Lunar New Year．The resolution encourages this 4． (arrange) to be taken into account when drafting (草拟) future calendars of conferences and meetings．
Dai Bing，China's deputy permanent representative to the UN，said the Spring Festival，as a 5． (tradition) Chinese holiday featuring family reunion and good wishes for the coming year，not only bears the ideas of the Chinese civilization of peace and harmony，but also 6． (carry) the common values of humanity such as harmonious family，7． sound relationship between man and nature．The listing of the Spring Festival as a UN holiday was widely welcomed among member states and staff members of the UN Secretariat，Dai added．
Many 8． (country) list the Spring Festival as a national holiday，and about one fifth of humanity celebrates this festival in various ways．The resolution serves 9． a showcase of the influence of Chinese civilization and aims 10． (improve) interactions between different civilizations worldwide．
课时提升作业(十三)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．shelter 2．damage 3．electricity 4．rescue 5．suffered
Ⅱ．1．ruins 2．shocked 3．were trapped 4．buried 5．to rescue
Ⅲ．1．came to an end 2．sweep away 3．in ruins 4．in shock 5．in the open air
Ⅳ．1．too difficult for me to work out 2．it seems as if it were 3．Not all children live 4．make every effort/all efforts in the competition
Ⅴ．1．shocked to find 2．many natural disasters 3．feel as if 4．to 5．in 6．spares no effort to help 7．are suffering from disasters 8．to rebuild
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C B B D B A D A
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
C F B E G
Ⅲ．1．officially 2．which/that 3．holding 4．arrangement 5．traditional 6．carries 7．and 8．countries 9．as 10．to improve
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何保护孩子免受地震的伤害。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第四段可知，让你的孩子参与家庭讨论和地震安全计划。每六个月进行一次安全演习。由此推断C项表述正确。故选C项。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知， 此处提到了孩子应该了解气体的味道， 由此推知，作者接下来可能会写如何辨别有害气体。故选B项。]
3．B [推理判断题。根据文章中出现的“your baby”“your children”和“family discussions and planning”可推知，这篇文章主要是写给父母看的。故选B项。]
4．D [标题归纳题。本文的第一段即全文的主题段：孩子们需要和成年人一样做好地震的准备，甚至更多。故本文的最佳标题为D项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海啸的形成原因、特点以及对人类和生态系统的影响。
5．B [段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely．”、“The sea draws back from the beaches．”以及“Fish flop on the seabed．”可推理出，本段主要讲的是海啸的前兆。故选B。]
6．A [词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词下文“this movement causes huge waves”可推理出画线词的含义为“移动”。故选A。]
7．D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If a tsunami happens，there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become moved．”可知，导致海水移动的某种力量能使海啸确定发生。故选D。]
8．A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon．A watch means that conditions are suitable for a tsunami．”可知，警告和观察信号相比起来，警告意味着发生海啸的可能性更大。故选A。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何通过和孩子谈论自然灾害让孩子正确地面对。
1．C [根据空前的“Natural disasters can cause people's fears at any age．”可知，任何年龄段的人对自然灾害都有恐惧，结合空后的“but you do have lots of influence on how your children may face the possible disasters．”可知，成人对孩子如何面对灾难有很大的影响，与此空为转折关系，由此可知，此空应是承接上文，且与空后内容为转折关系，C选项讲述的内容承接上文讲述的“任何年龄段的人对自然灾害都会感到恐惧”，且与空后的内容为转折关系，符合语境。故选C。]
2．F [根据空前的“When there is information about natural disasters，try not to hide it．”可知，出现自然灾难时不要去隐藏，结合空后的“They may want to know more about where the natural disaster is and the path that it is on．”可知，孩子们可能想知道更多关于自然灾害的情况，由此可知，此空应涉及出现自然灾害时应如何处理，F选项讲述的内容是给孩子提供自然灾难的信息和解释对孩子有帮助，与空前内容为转折关系，其中的Instead为关键信息，且空后的They指的是F选项中的your children。故选F。]
3．B [分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其他段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据小标题下的“Ask your children what they are nervous about so that you can solve their concerns．”可知，本段主要讲述的是如何帮助孩子战胜恐惧，B选项讲述的内容符合本段的内容，且概括了本段的主题。故选B。]
4．E [根据本段的主题句“Make a plan for your family”可知，本段主要讲述的是为家庭制订一个计划，结合空前的“Create a family safety plan，and share it with your children．”可知，制订一个家庭安全计划，并且与孩子分享，由此可知，此空应进一步讲述这样做的结果是什么，E选项讲述的内容进一步对空前内容做出解释，其中的It指代空前提到的制订的家庭安全计划，符合语境。故选E。]
5．G [根据本段的主题句“Talk about the helpers”可知，本段讲述的是与孩子讨论一下帮助者的相关情况，G选项中涉及了救援者的相关情况，其中的helpers为词汇复现，且与本段讲述的内容与空后“The idea that firefighters，paramedics，and other disaster service workers will be there to help in case of an emergency helps children take away some of the anxiety．”提到的救援者的相关信息对应，符合语境。故选G。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。从2024年起，春节被正式列为联合国会议日程中的浮动假日，文章对此进行了详细报道。
1．officially [考查副词。此处修饰动词应用副词officially表示“正式地”，作状语。故填officially。]
2．which/that [考查定语从句。设空处在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为the Spring Festival，应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。]
3．holding [考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth．意为“避免做某事”，动词hold意为“举行”，在及物动词avoid后应用动词ing形式作宾语。故填holding。]
4．arrangement [考查名词。此处在动词encourages后作宾语，用名词arrangement表示“安排”，前有this，空处用单数形式。故填arrangement。]
5．traditional [考查形容词。此处修饰名词应用形容词traditional表示“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。]
6．carries [考查一般现在时和主谓一致。设空处作谓语，根据“not only bears the ideas of the Chinese civilization of peace and harmony”可知，此处描述客观事实， 应用一般现在时。主语the Spring Festival为第三人称单数。动词carry意为“承载”。故填carries。]
7．and [考查连词。“harmonious family”和“sound relationship between man and nature”构成并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。]
8．countries [考查名词复数。动词country意为“国家”，为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。故填countries。]
9．as [考查介词。serve as意为“充当，担任”，此处应用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。]
10．to improve [考查动词不定式。aim to do意为“旨在做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。动词improve意为“改善”。故填to improve。]
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