Period 6 写作(Writing)
为新闻报道写概要
一、文本特征
本单元的写作任务是为新闻报道写概要。概要写作是一种要求阅读和写作并重的题型，有准确性、完整性、概括性、客观性和个体性等特点。概要写作会为学生提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求学生在对原文阅读后，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不得抄袭原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、语言特色
[基本框架]
体裁 结构
记叙文 人物＋时间＋地点＋事件 (起因＋发展＋结果)
说明文 事物的性质功能：对象＋性质功能 问题的解决方法或措施：问题＋解决方法 现象类：现象＋原因＋结果
议论文 主题＋补充论据(＋结论)
[教材原句]
Read the news report and find out the sentences used to describe detailed information．
1．_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2．_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
3．_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
4．_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
[触类旁通]
1．This article/passage mainly tells a story about．．．
这篇文章主要讲述了关于……的故事。
2．This passage mainly deals with/discusses/explores．．．
这篇文章主要处理/讨论/探索……
3．This article focuses on the topic of．．．
这篇文章关注……的话题。
4．In this passage (about．．．)，the author．．．
在这篇(关于……的)文章里，作者……
5．The author began the essay/passage by telling/presenting．．．
作者通过讲述/呈现……开始这篇短文/文章。
6．First/Firstly/In the beginning/In the first part，the author argues/explains/mentions/
states/points out (that)．．．
首先，作者论证/解释/提及/陈述/指出……
7．Secondly/Next/Then/In the next part/In the main part，the author goes on with．．．
第二/接下来/然后/在下一部分/在主要部分，作者继续……
8．Finally，the author stresses that．．．
最后，作者强调……
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
An 8.2 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of northern Chile late on Tuesday，cutting power and leading to small landslides and a tsunami．Four men and one woman died—two who suffered heart attacks and three who were crushed．About 300 prisoners escaped from the northern port city of Iquique in the immediate aftershock．
The quake struck at about 8：46 p．m．local time，some 60 miles northwest of Iquique．It had a depth of 12.5 miles．Chile's National Emergency Office asked coastal residents to leave for safe places．“The fact is，we will know the extent of the damage as time goes by and when we inspect (视察)the areas in the light of day，” Chile's President Michelle Bachelet said early on Wednesday．“The country has faced these first emergency hours very well．”
Residents in the port city of Antofagasta walked calmly through the streets to higher ground as traffic became heavy in some places．“Many people are fearful after experiencing the powerful earthquake in 2010，so they immediately rushed to higher ground when they heard the tsunami warning，” said a government official．“There have been lots of aftershocks and communications have been cut off in many of the affected areas．So people are waiting in the dark hills，not knowing what is to come，and hoping they will be able to return to their homes safely．”
The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center sent out several tsunami warnings，but called off all of them by early Wednesday．Tsunami waves of more than six feet caused by the earthquake washed ashore on the coast of Pisagua．Iquique，with a population of more than 200，000，saw seven foot waves．
[要点提炼]
要点1：地震发生的时间、地点；
要点2：地震导致的结果：电力中断、人员伤亡等；
要点3：余震导致的结果；
要点4：地震导致了海啸。
[遣词造句]
1．一场8.2级的地震在当地时间晚上8：46袭击了智利北部海岸。
An 8.2 magnitude earthquake ____________________________________ at 8：46 p．m．local time．
2．这场地震导致了电力中断、五人死亡。
The earthquake ____________________________________．
3．许多地震灾区发生了多次余震，通信中断。
There were lots of aftershocks and ____________________________ in many of the earthquake hit areas．
4．地震导致了六英尺多高的海啸波浪。
Tsunami waves of more than six feet ________________________．
5．这些海浪席卷了皮萨瓜沿岸。
________________________ on the coast of Pisagua．
[句式升级]
1．用分词短语作状语合并句1和句2
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2．用分词短语作定语合并句4和句5
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
[连句成篇] (注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语)
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
For nearly 20 years，natural disasters yearly affected about 300 million people and destroyed more than 3 million buildings，causing great damage to China's economy．Therefore，the disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue for China．To save lives and reduce losses，the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures．
As an important part，the management on disaster information has been strengthened．So far，China has realized the 24 hour monitoring (监控) of disasters all over the country and established an early warning system．These are particularly important to save lives，especially in the case of an earthquake．According to Chengdu High tech Disaster Reduction Institute，even a three second early warning can reduce deaths and injuries by 14 percent．
Besides，the Chinese government has been raising the public's awareness of disaster prevention and reduction in an all round way．Disaster related knowledge has been included in school textbooks，and general education about disaster prevention and reduction has been given to the public．For example，in the wake of Wenchuan earthquake，the Chinese government decided to make May 12th “Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day”．Every year，a series of publicity activities is organized with rich content and different forms．
Apart from that，the Chinese government has improved social disaster relief system．Concerning relief efforts，the Chinese government has set up a social donation system．This encourages all industries of society to make donations．In addition，related volunteer service has been developed．Under the guidance of the Chinese government，non governmental organizations，volunteers and social workers all actively join in the cause．They cooperate well with the government in rescue work，such as medical work and supply delivery．
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
情感描写 ①shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt．(使)震惊 ②in shock震惊；吃惊 ③calm adj．镇静的；沉着的 vt．使平静；使镇静
动作描写 ①slide vi．& vt．(使)滑行；滑动 ②flood vi．淹没；大量涌入 vt．使灌满水；淹没 ③rescue n．& vt．营救；救援 ④trap vt．使落入险境；使陷入圈套 ⑤tap vi．& vt．轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 ⑥aid vi．& vt．帮助；援助 ⑦crash vt．& vi．碰撞；撞击 ⑧sweep vt．& vi．打扫；清扫 ⑨wave vi．& vt．挥手；招手 ⑩suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 survive vi．生存；存活 vt．幸存；艰难度过
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1．Unfortunately，my head ________________ in the huge pumpkin．
不幸的是，我的头卡在大南瓜里了。
2．I was ________________．My throat tightened and my knees felt weak．
我感到非常震惊。我喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。
3．Various terrible thoughts ______________________．
各种可怕的想法涌入我的脑海。
4．I ________________ pull my head out of it，but in vain．
我尽了一切努力，想把脑袋从里面拽出来，但无济于事。
5．My brother ignored ________________，and he should ________________，giggling．
我的哥哥忽略了我的痛苦，他竟然轻拍巨大的南瓜，咯咯地笑。
6．At that time，my father __________________________，saying in comfort，“__________________！”
这时，父亲过来帮助我，安慰我说：“别慌！”
7．I was successfully rescued and ________________________ washed over me．
我成功获救了，一股感激之情涌上心头。
8．________________________ like a broken line of beads．
眼泪像断了线的珠子一样顺着我的脸颊流下来。
第二步：句式升级造亮点
9．用结果状语从句提升句2
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
10．用非谓语动词作状语提升句5
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
11．用强调句提升句6(强调时间状语)
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
12．用独立主格结构提升句7、句8
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Period 6
概要写作
感悟教材
1．The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries． 2．The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m．，Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island． 3．In Sri Lanka，some 1，600 kilometres west of the quake centre，the number of deaths stood at 2，498，and one million more were affected by the tsunami，government officials said． 4．Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami hit countries．However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies．
典例详析
遣词造句
1．struck off the coast of northern Chile 2．caused power cuts and five deaths 3．communications were cut off 4．were caused by the earthquake 5．These waves washed ashore
句式升级
1．An 8.2 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of northern Chile at 8：46 p．m．local time，causing power cuts and five deaths． 2．Tsunami waves of more than six feet caused by the earthquake washed ashore on the coast of Pisagua．
连句成篇
【参考范文】
An 8.2 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of northern Chile at 8：46 p．m．local time，causing power cuts and five deaths．(要点1) There were lots of aftershocks and communications were cut off in many of the earthquake hit areas．(要点2) Tsunami waves of more than six feet caused by the earthquake washed ashore on the coast of Pisagua．(要点3)
即时训练
【参考范文】
Over the past 20 years，natural disasters have caused huge losses to the Chinese economy every year．(要点1) Therefore，disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue facing China．(要点2) In order to save lives and reduce losses，the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures．(要点3) Disaster information management，as an important part of disaster management，has been strengthened．(要点4) The Chinese government has been raising public awareness of disaster prevention and reduction and improved the social disaster relief system．(要点5)
读后续写
语料运用
第一步：
1．was trapped 2．so shocked 3．flooded into my mind 4．made every effort to 5．what I was suffering；tap the huge pumpkin 6．came to my aid；Keep calm 7．a wave of gratitude 8．Tears rolled down my cheeks
第二步：
9．I was so shocked that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak． 10．Ignoring what I was suffering，my brother should tap the huge pumpkin，giggling． 11．It was at that time that my father came to my aid，saying in comfort，“Keep calm！” 12．I was successfully rescued and a wave of gratitude washed over me，tears rolling down my cheeks like a broken line of beads．
第三步：
Unfortunately，my head was trapped in the huge pumpkin．I was so shocked that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak．Various terrible thoughts flooded into my mind．I made every effort to pull my head out of it，but in vain．Ignoring what I was suffering，my brother should tap the huge pumpkin，giggling．It was at that time that my father came to my aid，saying in comfort，“Keep calm！”Finally，I was successfully rescued and a wave of gratitude washed over me，tears rolling down my cheeks like a broken line of beads．
1/7(共75张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
主题语境 人与自然——自然灾害与防范
Period 6 课时学案 写作(Writing)
为新闻报道写概要
一、文本特征
本单元的写作任务是为新闻报道写概要。概要写作是一种要求阅读和写作并重的题型，有准确性、完整性、概括性、客观性和个体性等特点。概要写作会为学生提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求学生在对原文阅读后，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不得抄袭原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、语言特色
[基本框架]
体裁 结构
记叙文 人物＋时间＋地点＋事件(起因＋发展＋结果)
说明文 事物的性质功能：对象＋性质功能
问题的解决方法或措施：问题＋解决方法
现象类：现象＋原因＋结果
议论文 主题＋补充论据(＋结论)
[教材原句]
Read the news report and find out the sentences used to describe detailed information．
1．_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries．
2．___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a．m．，Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island．
In Sri Lanka，some 1，600 kilometres west of the quake centre，the number of deaths stood at 2，498，and one million more were affected by the tsunami，government officials said．
Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries．However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies．
[触类旁通]
1．This article/passage mainly tells a story about...
这篇文章主要讲述了关于……的故事。
2．This passage mainly deals with/discusses/explores...
这篇文章主要处理/讨论/探索……
3．This article focuses on the topic of...
这篇文章关注……的话题。
4．In this passage (about...)，the author...
在这篇(关于……的)文章里，作者……
5．The author began the essay/passage by telling/presenting...
作者通过讲述/呈现……开始这篇短文/文章。
6．First/Firstly/In the beginning/In the first part，the author argues/explains/mentions/states/points out (that)...
首先，作者论证/解释/提及/陈述/指出……
7．Secondly/Next/Then/In the next part/In the main part，the author goes on with...
第二/接下来/然后/在下一部分/在主要部分，作者继续……
8．Finally，the author stresses that...
最后，作者强调……
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
An 8.2-magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of northern Chile late on Tuesday，cutting power and leading to small landslides and a tsunami．Four men and one woman died—two who suffered heart attacks and three who were crushed．About 300 prisoners escaped from the northern port city of Iquique in the immediate aftershock．
The quake struck at about 8：46 p．m．local time，some 60 miles northwest of Iquique．It had a depth of 12.5 miles．Chile's National Emergency Office asked coastal residents to leave for safe places．“The fact is，we will know the extent of the damage as time goes by and when we inspect (视察)the areas in the light of day，” Chile's President Michelle Bachelet said early on Wednesday．“The country has faced these first emergency hours very well．”
Residents in the port city of Antofagasta walked calmly through the streets to higher ground as traffic became heavy in some places．“Many people are fearful after experiencing the powerful earthquake in 2010，so they immediately rushed to higher ground when they heard the tsunami warning，” said a government official．
“There have been lots of aftershocks and communications have been cut off in many of the affected areas．So people are waiting in the dark hills，not knowing what is to come，and hoping they will be able to return to their homes safely．”
The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center sent out several tsunami warnings，but called off all of them by early Wednesday．Tsunami waves of more than six feet caused by the earthquake washed ashore on the coast of Pisagua．Iquique，with a population of more than 200，000，saw seven-foot waves．
[要点提炼]
要点1：地震发生的时间、地点；
要点2：地震导致的结果：电力中断、人员伤亡等；
要点3：余震导致的结果；
要点4：地震导致了海啸。
[遣词造句]
1．一场8.2级的地震在当地时间晚上8：46袭击了智利北部海岸。
An 8.2-magnitude earthquake _________________________________ at 8：46 p．m．local time．
2．这场地震导致了电力中断、五人死亡。
The earthquake _____________________________．
struck off the coast of northern Chile
caused power cuts and five deaths
3．许多地震灾区发生了多次余震，通信中断。
There were lots of aftershocks and ___________________________ in many of the earthquake-hit areas．
4．地震导致了六英尺多高的海啸波浪。
Tsunami waves of more than six feet __________________________．
5．这些海浪席卷了皮萨瓜沿岸。
_________________________ on the coast of Pisagua．
communications were cut off
were caused by the earthquake
These waves washed ashore
[句式升级]
1．用分词短语作状语合并句1和句2
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．用分词短语作定语合并句4和句5
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
An 8.2-magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of northern Chile at 8：46 p．m．local time，causing power cuts and five deaths．
Tsunami waves of more than six feet caused by the earthquake washed ashore on the coast of Pisagua．
[连句成篇] (注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
An 8.2-magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of northern Chile at 8：46 p．m．local time，causing power cuts and five deaths．(要点1) There were lots of aftershocks and communications were cut off in many of the earthquake-hit areas．(要点2) Tsunami waves of more than six feet caused by the earthquake washed ashore on the coast of Pisagua．(要点3)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
For nearly 20 years，natural disasters yearly affected about 300 million people and destroyed more than 3 million buildings，causing great damage to China's economy．Therefore，the disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue for China．To save lives and reduce losses，the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures．
As an important part，the management on disaster information has been strengthened．So far，China has realized the 24-hour monitoring (监控) of disasters all over the country and established an early warning system．These are particularly important to save lives，especially in the case of an earthquake．According to Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Institute，even a three-second early warning can reduce deaths and injuries by 14 percent．
Besides，the Chinese government has been raising the public's awareness of disaster prevention and reduction in an all-round way．Disaster-related knowledge has been included in school textbooks，and general education about disaster prevention and reduction has been given to the public．For example，in the wake of Wenchuan earthquake，the Chinese government decided to make May 12th “Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day”．Every year，a series of publicity activities is organized with rich content and different forms．
Apart from that，the Chinese government has improved social disaster relief system．Concerning relief efforts，the Chinese government has set up a social donation system．This encourages all industries of society to make donations．In addition，related volunteer service has been developed．Under the guidance of the Chinese government，non-governmental organizations，volunteers and social workers all actively join in the cause．They cooperate well with the government in rescue work，such as medical work and supply delivery．
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Over the past 20 years，natural disasters have caused huge losses to the Chinese economy every year．(要点1) Therefore，disaster prevention and reduction is an important issue facing China．(要点2) In order to save lives and reduce losses，the Chinese government has taken the following effective measures．(要点3) Disaster information management，as an important part of disaster management，has been strengthened．(要点4) The Chinese government has been raising public awareness of disaster prevention and reduction and improved the social disaster relief system．(要点5)
情感描写 ①shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt．(使)震惊
②in shock震惊；吃惊
③calm adj．镇静的；沉着的 vt．使平静；使镇静
动作描写 ①slide vi．& vt．(使)滑行；滑动
②flood vi．淹没；大量涌入 vt．使灌满水；淹没
③rescue n．& vt．营救；救援
④trap vt．使落入险境；使陷入圈套
⑤tap vi．& vt．轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
⑥aid vi．& vt．帮助；援助
⑦crash vt．& vi．碰撞；撞击
⑧sweep vt．& vi．打扫；清扫
⑨wave vi．& vt．挥手；招手
⑩suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
survive vi．生存；存活 vt．幸存；艰难度过
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1．Unfortunately，my head ___________ in the huge pumpkin．
不幸的是，我的头卡在大南瓜里了。
2．I was _________．My throat tightened and my knees felt weak．
我感到非常震惊。我喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。
3．Various terrible thoughts ___________________．
各种可怕的想法涌入我的脑海。
was trapped
so shocked
flooded into my mind
4．I __________________ pull my head out of it，but in vain．
我尽了一切努力，想把脑袋从里面拽出来，但无济于事。
5．My brother ignored ____________________，and he should __________________，giggling．
我的哥哥忽略了我的痛苦，他竟然轻拍巨大的南瓜，咯咯地笑。
6．At that time，my father _____________，saying in comfort，“__________！”
这时，父亲过来帮助我，安慰我说：“别慌！”
made every effort to
what I was suffering
tap the huge pumpkin
came to my aid
Keep calm
7．I was successfully rescued and _________________ washed over me．
我成功获救了，一股感激之情涌上心头。
8．__________________________ like a broken line of beads．
眼泪像断了线的珠子一样顺着我的脸颊流下来。
a wave of gratitude
Tears rolled down my cheeks
第二步：句式升级造亮点
9．用结果状语从句提升句2
___________________________________________________________
10．用非谓语动词作状语提升句5
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was so shocked that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak．
Ignoring what I was suffering，my brother should tap the huge pumpkin，giggling．
11．用强调句提升句6(强调时间状语)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12．用独立主格结构提升句7、句8
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was at that time that my father came to my aid，saying in comfort，“Keep calm！”
I was successfully rescued and a wave of gratitude washed over me，tears rolling down my cheeks like a broken line of beads．
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
_______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unfortunately，my head was trapped in the huge pumpkin．I was so shocked that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak．Various terrible thoughts flooded into my mind．I made every effort to pull my head out of it，but in vain．Ignoring what I was suffering，my brother should tap the huge pumpkin，giggling．It was at that time that my father came to my aid，saying in comfort，“Keep calm！”Finally，I was successfully rescued and a wave of gratitude washed over me，tears rolling down my cheeks like a broken line of beads．
课时提升作业(十五)
(UNIT 4 Reading for Writing & Writing)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：105分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Food and water ________(供应) were difficult to get after the volcanic eruption．
2．We should learn some knowledge about first ___(救助)，so we can rescue some injured people．
supplies
aid
3．You can tap on pipes or whistle to ask for help in case of __________(紧急情况)．
4．In _________(总结)，you should be brave when you are faced with disasters．
5．The captain led all the athletes to the beach to listen to the wash of ______(海浪)．
emergency
summary
waves
Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．I __________ (have) a discussion with my friend about how to improve my English when my mother called me．
2．The area used to ________ (strike) by sandstorms．
3．What's more，it is another _________(effect) way to deal with the problem．
was having
be struck
effective
4．Those people trapped in the traffic jam greatly need fresh food and water for ________ (survive)．
5．I ____________ (supply) with some good advice on how to ease my stress，so I was grateful to him．
survival
was supplied
Ⅲ．短语填空(共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分)
on hand，crash into，carry out，millions of
1．The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and ___________ a truck．
2．Always have your dictionary ________ when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it．
crashed into
on hand
3．They are going to have a meeting to determine who will ________ the plan．
4．There are ___________ people from all over the world coming to visit the Great wall every year．
carry out
millions of
Ⅳ．完成句子(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)
1．我们正在上数学课，这时我们感到地面在摇晃。
We __________________________ we felt the ground shaking．
2．我们突然意识到可能发生地震了。
_______________ maybe an earthquake happened．
3．我们老师竭力使我们镇静下来。
Our teacher ______________________________．
were having math class when
It struck us that
made every effort to calm us down
Ⅴ．补全短文(共9小题；每小题2分，满分18分)
1．________________(一个强大的海浪) in Japan 2．__________
(strike) the shore，which caused a 3．________________(严重的冲击)．But the 4．_________(calm) of the local people was not shaken．Rescue teams quickly arrived 5．______________(deliver) help．Their efforts 6．__________________ (产生了积极的影响) on the local people and greatly encouraged them．7．_____ the aid of rescuers，the local people 8．___________(彻底清除) those broken trees that blocked the road．The government assessed the damage and 9．____________(summary) the situation for better rescue operations．
A powerful wave
struck
serious crash
calmness
to deliver
had a positive effect
With
swept away
summarized
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
The conditions for some extreme fires in recent years have increased by 3 and 20 times globally．Record-breaking fires burned in Canada and turned the skies far away in New York orange and grey．The largest recorded fires in the European Union killed 19 people in Greece，and fires in western Amazonia brought dirty air to local towns．And we just went through a super destructive wildfire season in Athens，Greece，in August 2024．
A major report shows that the amount of carbon emissions (碳排放) from wildfires between 2023 and 2024 was 8.2 billion tons of CO2．Forest wildfires would release more carbon emissions，pose a higher risk to people，and take longer to recover．
There is no single definition of what fire can be an extreme fire．It could be measured by burned area，intensity，or how unusual they are．“At 200 square kilometres，this year's fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season，but it would count as an extreme fire，because of its closeness to and potential damage to people，” said author Dr．Joe McNorton．
When this big wildfire tears through Athens，scientists in Europe are racing to understand why extreme fires like this are becoming more common．They find climate change is the key factor．Warmer temperatures dry out forests，which make a fire more likely to spread．It can also cause more plants to grow，which provides more fuel (燃料) for the fire．Humans also influence fires，like starting them themselves，breaking up the landscape，or how well they fight them．
Dr．Joe says the report will both guide preparations for wildfires，and help the world understand the simple fact that fires will keep getting worse until fossil fuels are replaced with renewable energy sources．To tackle the problem，leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries，reducing the amount of natural fuel fire，imposing fire bans on high-risk days，and investing more in early warning prediction systems．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球极端火灾频发的原因，并呼吁大家积极采取应对措施。
1．How is paragraph 1 developed
A．By giving examples．
B．By making comparisons．
C．By discussing solutions．
D．By explaining causes．
√
A [推理判断题。根据第一段内容：全球发生一些极端火灾的条件已经增加了3到20倍。加拿大发生了破纪录的大火，纽约的天空变成了橙色和灰色。欧盟有记录以来最大的火灾在希腊造成19人死亡，亚马孙西部的火灾给当地城镇带来了肮脏的空气。2024年8月，我们刚刚在希腊雅典经历了一场极具破坏性的野火季节。由此可知，第一段主要列举了发生极端火灾的国家或地区，所以是以举例方式展开的。故选A。]
√
2．Why was the fire in Greece considered as an extreme fire
A．It burned a very large area．
B．It brought harmful effects．
C．It had much carbon emissions．
D．It lasted a long period of time．
B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘At 200 square kilometres，this year's fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season，but it would count as an extreme fire，because of its closeness to and potential damage to people，’ said author Dr．Joe McNorton．”可知，希腊今年的火灾面积远小于上一火灾季的面积，但由于该火灾靠近人类居住区，并且可能对人们造成伤害，带来了有害的影响，因此也算是极端火灾。故选B。]
3．What mainly causes extreme fires
A．Size of forests． B．Human behavior．
C．Location of fires． D．Climate warming．
√
D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They find climate change is the key factor．Warmer temperatures dry out forests，which make a fire more likely to spread．It can also cause more plants to grow，which provides more fuel for the fire．”可知，科学家发现气候变暖是造成极端火灾数量增加的关键因素。故选D。]
4．What does the underlined word “tackle” in the last paragraph mean
A．Apply for． B．Bring about．
C．Deal with． D．Focus on．
√
C [词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“To tackle the problem，leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries，reducing the amount of natural fuel fire，imposing fire bans on high-risk days，and investing more in early warning prediction systems．”可知，采取上述这些措施都是为了处理极端火灾频发的问题，因此，tackle 意为“处理”的意思。故选C。]
B
Rivers are very important．Humans rely on them for food and water．But rivers can destroy things，too．They can flood，or rise over their banks，making the water run into the nearby land．Floods can also kill humans and wildlife．However，floods are not always bad．Some ecosystems need them every once in a while．
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats．For example，a flood in India in 2012 killed many one-horned rhinos．Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks，which makes the water dirty．Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams，preventing the river from flowing．Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine (海洋的) life．In addition，flood waters can carry diseases，including hepatitis A(甲型肝炎) and cholera (霍乱)．
However，not everything about floods is bad．Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems．Flood waters carry nutrients (营养物) to the nearby land．Over time，the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud．The particles are called sediment (沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow．Floods are important to some animals as well．For instance，some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate．Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow
and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat．Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up，but floods help refill the wetlands，keeping the ecosystem going．
Floods are a part of nature．They can destroy living things and the environment．But some ecosystems need floods to survive．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为大自然的一部分，洪水对于生态系统既有好处也有坏处。
5．What's the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in paragraph 2
A．Block． B．Pollute．
C．Become． D．Develop．
√
A [词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks，which makes the water dirty．”以及“preventing the river from flowing”可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，以至于河水流淌出现困难。由此可推测此处的clog的意思应该是“堵塞”。故选A。]
6．How do floods help ecosystems
A．Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals．
B．Floods make all the animals migrate more easily．
C．Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer．
D．Floods can clean the dirt and help plants grow．
√
C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“However，not everything about floods is bad...to improve the dirt and helps plants grow．”可知，洪水沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更肥沃，从而更好地帮助生态系统。故选C。]
7．What's the main idea of paragraph 3
A．The way in which floods feed animals．
B．The benefits of floods to ecosystems．
C．An effective means of improving soil．
D．The reason for people's hating floods．
√
B [段落大意题。根据文章第三段中“However，not everything about floods is bad．Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems．”、“Floods are important to some animals as well．”以及“Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up...keeping the ecosystem going．”可知，文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对于生态系统的好处。故选B。]
8．What's the best title for this article
A．The Good Effects of Flooding
B．The Secret of Flooding
C．Floods—a Part of Nature
D．Floods—Everything Is So Bad
√
C [标题归纳题。通读全文，可以看到文章第二段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的益处，文章最后一段“Floods are a part of nature...need floods to survive．”总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以“洪水是大自然的一部分”作为标题最合适。故选C。]
Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，上周六下午你校在学校举行了消防逃生演练(fire drill)。请你就此给校英文报写一篇报道，演练内容包括：
1．消防讲座；
2．逃生演练；
3．你的评价。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Fire Drill in Our School
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
A Fire Drill in Our School
In order to raise our safety awareness，our school held a fire drill last Saturday afternoon．All the teachers and students took part in the drill．
At first，some firefighters were invited to give a speech．They showed us what to do in case of a fire，how to prevent the fire and how to use different kinds of firefighting equipment．Then a fire drill was held．As soon as the alarm rang，all of us students ran downstairs in order．We finally got together at the playground safely，where our teachers were waiting for us．
Through the drill，we have learned how to escape in an emergency．I think it is important for us to remain calm and know what to do．
Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Caught in a Flood
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room．Mary was looking through the windows at the endless rain outside．It had been raining non-stop for three days．She had never seen a storm this bad．It was making her nervous．The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof and windows．Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag．
“Mum，Dad，” said Mary suddenly，“I think we should leave here right away！”
“No，” said Dad．“It's too late! The radio says the city has already been flooded．”
“We can drive our car through the floodwater! Let's just leave! I'm really scared！” cried Mary．
“We can't do that，honey，” explained Mum，“otherwise the moving water could wash the car away！”
Mary walked to the door．She was curious to see how much water there was outside．
“Don't open the door！” shouted Mum and Dad at the same time．“The water may flood in！”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door，in case the floodwater forced the door open．Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa．“Mary，don't worry．Everything's going to be OK，” she said softly，trying her best to comfort Mary．Her voice was calm，but Mary could tell she was worried，too．
Without saying a single word，Dad walked to the sofa，sat down and hugged his wife and daughter．The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside．What could they do
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
After a brief discussion，Mum and Dad made a decision．_______
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Finally，the rain stopped．________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
After a brief discussion，Mum and Dad made a decision．They believed that they should stay in the house．They thought it would be really dangerous to try to walk through the water to get to higher ground．“Mary，we'll have to go upstairs and wait there，” said Mum．“OK，Mum．If that's what you think is best，” Mary replied uncertainly．So they went upstairs and waited．Downstairs，water started flooding into the living room and kitchen．All three of them were nervous，but at least they had disaster supplies，including food and drinking water．
Finally，the rain stopped．But Mary and her family couldn't leave while the house was still flooded．They listened to the radio and learnt that rescue workers in boats were coming to rescue people who were trapped in their homes．They waited for a boat to arrive at their house．Their home had been badly damaged，but they were all happy to be alive．About half an hour later，the boat arrived and took Mary and her parents to a safe place．
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十五)
(UNIT 4 Reading for Writing & Writing)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：105分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Food and water (供应) were difficult to get after the volcanic eruption．
2．We should learn some knowledge about first (救助)，so we can rescue some injured people．
3．You can tap on pipes or whistle to ask for help in case of (紧急情况)．
4．In (总结)，you should be brave when you are faced with disasters．
5．The captain led all the athletes to the beach to listen to the wash of (海浪)．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．I (have) a discussion with my friend about how to improve my English when my mother called me．
2．The area used to (strike) by sandstorms．
3．What's more，it is another (effect) way to deal with the problem．
4．Those people trapped in the traffic jam greatly need fresh food and water for (survive)．
5．I (supply) with some good advice on how to ease my stress，so I was grateful to him．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分)
on hand，crash into，carry out，millions of
1．The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and a truck．
2．Always have your dictionary when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it．
3．They are going to have a meeting to determine who will the plan．
4．There are people from all over the world coming to visit the Great wall every year．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)
1．我们正在上数学课，这时我们感到地面在摇晃。
We we felt the ground shaking．
2．我们突然意识到可能发生地震了。
maybe an earthquake happened．
3．我们老师竭力使我们镇静下来。
Our teacher ．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共9小题；每小题2分，满分18分)
1． (一个强大的海浪) in Japan 2． (strike) the shore，which caused a 3． (严重的冲击)．But the 4． (calm) of the local people was not shaken．Rescue teams quickly arrived 5． (deliver) help．Their efforts 6． (产生了积极的影响) on the local people and greatly encouraged them．7． the aid of rescuers，the local people 8． (彻底清除) those broken trees that blocked the road．The government assessed the damage and 9． (summary) the situation for better rescue operations．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
The conditions for some extreme fires in recent years have increased by 3 and 20 times globally．Record breaking fires burned in Canada and turned the skies far away in New York orange and grey．The largest recorded fires in the European Union killed 19 people in Greece，and fires in western Amazonia brought dirty air to local towns．And we just went through a super destructive wildfire season in Athens，Greece，in August 2024．
A major report shows that the amount of carbon emissions (碳排放) from wildfires between 2023 and 2024 was 8.2 billion tons of CO2．Forest wildfires would release more carbon emissions，pose a higher risk to people，and take longer to recover．
There is no single definition of what fire can be an extreme fire．It could be measured by burned area，intensity，or how unusual they are．“At 200 square kilometres，this year's fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season，but it would count as an extreme fire，because of its closeness to and potential damage to people，” said author Dr． Joe McNorton．
When this big wildfire tears through Athens，scientists in Europe are racing to understand why extreme fires like this are becoming more common．They find climate change is the key factor．Warmer temperatures dry out forests，which make a fire more likely to spread．It can also cause more plants to grow，which provides more fuel (燃料) for the fire．Humans also influence fires，like starting them themselves，breaking up the landscape，or how well they fight them．
Dr． Joe says the report will both guide preparations for wildfires，and help the world understand the simple fact that fires will keep getting worse until fossil fuels are replaced with renewable energy sources．To tackle the problem，leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries，reducing the amount of natural fuel fire，imposing fire bans on high risk days，and investing more in early warning prediction systems．
1．How is paragraph 1 developed
A．By giving examples．
B．By making comparisons．
C．By discussing solutions．
D．By explaining causes．
2．Why was the fire in Greece considered as an extreme fire
A．It burned a very large area．
B．It brought harmful effects．
C．It had much carbon emissions．
D．It lasted a long period of time．
3．What mainly causes extreme fires
A．Size of forests． B．Human behavior．
C．Location of fires． D．Climate warming．
4．What does the underlined word “tackle” in the last paragraph mean
A．Apply for． B．Bring about．
C．Deal with． D．Focus on．
B
Rivers are very important．Humans rely on them for food and water．But rivers can destroy things，too．They can flood，or rise over their banks，making the water run into the nearby land．Floods can also kill humans and wildlife．However，floods are not always bad．Some ecosystems need them every once in a while．
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats．For example，a flood in India in 2012 killed many one horned rhinos．Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks，which makes the water dirty．Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams，preventing the river from flowing．Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine (海洋的) life．In addition，flood waters can carry diseases，including hepatitis A(甲型肝炎) and cholera (霍乱)．
However，not everything about floods is bad．Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems．Flood waters carry nutrients (营养物) to the nearby land．Over time，the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud．The particles are called sediment (沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow．Floods are important to some animals as well．For instance，some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate．Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat．Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up，but floods help refill the wetlands，keeping the ecosystem going．
Floods are a part of nature．They can destroy living things and the environment．But some ecosystems need floods to survive．
5．What's the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in paragraph 2
A．Block． B．Pollute．
C．Become． D．Develop．
6．How do floods help ecosystems
A．Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals．
B．Floods make all the animals migrate more easily．
C．Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer．
D．Floods can clean the dirt and help plants grow．
7．What's the main idea of paragraph 3
A．The way in which floods feed animals．
B．The benefits of floods to ecosystems．
C．An effective means of improving soil．
D．The reason for people's hating floods．
8．What's the best title for this article
A．The Good Effects of Flooding
B．The Secret of Flooding
C．Floods—a Part of Nature
D．Floods—Everything Is So Bad
Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，上周六下午你校在学校举行了消防逃生演练(fire drill)。请你就此给校英文报写一篇报道，演练内容包括：
1．消防讲座；
2．逃生演练；
3．你的评价。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Fire Drill in Our School
Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Caught in a Flood
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room．Mary was looking through the windows at the endless rain outside．It had been raining non stop for three days．She had never seen a storm this bad．It was making her nervous．The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof and windows．Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag．
“Mum，Dad，” said Mary suddenly，“I think we should leave here right away！”
“No，” said Dad．“It's too late! The radio says the city has already been flooded．”
“We can drive our car through the floodwater! Let's just leave! I'm really scared！” cried Mary．
“We can't do that，honey，” explained Mum，“otherwise the moving water could wash the car away！”
Mary walked to the door．She was curious to see how much water there was outside．
“Don't open the door！” shouted Mum and Dad at the same time．“The water may flood in！”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door，in case the floodwater forced the door open．Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa．“Mary，don't worry．Everything's going to be OK，” she said softly，trying her best to comfort Mary．Her voice was calm，but Mary could tell she was worried，too．
Without saying a single word，Dad walked to the sofa，sat down and hugged his wife and daughter．The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside．What could they do
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
After a brief discussion，Mum and Dad made a decision．
Finally，the rain stopped．
课时提升作业(十五)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．supplies 2．aid 3．emergency 4．summary 5．waves
Ⅱ．1．was having 2．be struck 3．effective 4．survival 5．was supplied
Ⅲ．1．crashed into 2．on hand 3．carry out 4．millions of
Ⅳ．1．were having math class when 2．It struck us that
3．made every effort to calm us down
Ⅴ．1．A powerful wave 2．struck 3．serious crash 4．calmness 5．to deliver 6．had a positive effect 7．With 8．swept away 9．summarized
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A B D C A C B C
Ⅱ．【参考范文】
A Fire Drill in Our School
In order to raise our safety awareness，our school held a fire drill last Saturday afternoon．All the teachers and students took part in the drill．
At first，some firefighters were invited to give a speech．They showed us what to do in case of a fire，how to prevent the fire and how to use different kinds of firefighting equipment．Then a fire drill was held．As soon as the alarm rang，all of us students ran downstairs in order．We finally got together at the playground safely，where our teachers were waiting for us．
Through the drill，we have learned how to escape in an emergency．I think it is important for us to remain calm and know what to do．
Ⅲ．【参考范文】
After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad made a decision．They believed that they should stay in the house．They thought it would be really dangerous to try to walk through the water to get to higher ground．“Mary，we'll have to go upstairs and wait there，” said Mum．“OK，Mum．If that's what you think is best，” Mary replied uncertainly．So they went upstairs and waited．Downstairs，water started flooding into the living room and kitchen．All three of them were nervous，but at least they had disaster supplies，including food and drinking water．
Finally, the rain stopped．But Mary and her family couldn't leave while the house was still flooded．They listened to the radio and learnt that rescue workers in boats were coming to rescue people who were trapped in their homes．They waited for a boat to arrive at their house．Their home had been badly damaged，but they were all happy to be alive．About half an hour later，the boat arrived and took Mary and her parents to a safe place．
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球极端火灾频发的原因，并呼吁大家积极采取应对措施。
1．A [推理判断题。根据第一段内容：全球发生一些极端火灾的条件已经增加了3到20倍。加拿大发生了破纪录的大火，纽约的天空变成了橙色和灰色。欧盟有记录以来最大的火灾在希腊造成19人死亡，亚马孙西部的火灾给当地城镇带来了肮脏的空气。2024年8月，我们刚刚在希腊雅典经历了一场极具破坏性的野火季节。由此可知，第一段主要列举了发生极端火灾的国家或地区，所以是以举例方式展开的。故选A。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘At 200 square kilometres，this year's fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season，but it would count as an extreme fire，because of its closeness to and potential damage to people，’ said author Dr． Joe McNorton．”可知，希腊今年的火灾面积远小于上一火灾季的面积，但由于该火灾靠近人类居住区，并且可能对人们造成伤害，带来了有害的影响，因此也算是极端火灾。故选B。]
3．D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They find climate change is the key factor．Warmer temperatures dry out forests，which make a fire more likely to spread．It can also cause more plants to grow，which provides more fuel for the fire．”可知，科学家发现气候变暖是造成极端火灾数量增加的关键因素。故选D。]
4．C [词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“To tackle the problem，leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries，reducing the amount of natural fuel fire，imposing fire bans on highrisk days，and investing more in early warning prediction systems．”可知，采取上述这些措施都是为了处理极端火灾频发的问题，因此，tackle 意为“处理”的意思。故选C。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为大自然的一部分，洪水对于生态系统既有好处也有坏处。
5．A [词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks，which makes the water dirty．”以及“preventing the river from flowing”可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，以至于河水流淌出现困难。由此可推测此处的clog的意思应该是“堵塞”。故选A。]
6．C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“However，not everything about floods is bad．．．to improve the dirt and helps plants grow．”可知，洪水沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更肥沃，从而更好地帮助生态系统。故选C。]
7．B [段落大意题。根据文章第三段中“However，not everything about floods is bad．Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems．”、“Floods are important to some animals as well．”以及“Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up．．．keeping the ecosystem going．”可知，文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对于生态系统的好处。故选B。]
8．C [标题归纳题。通读全文，可以看到文章第二段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的益处，文章最后一段“Floods are a part of nature．．．need floods to survive．”总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以“洪水是大自然的一部分”作为标题最合适。故选C。]
1/7
