(共31张PPT)
Period ４
UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
主题语境
人与社会 —— 物质文化遗产
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Discovering Useful Structures)
限制性定语从句
一、关系代词that、which的选择
(一)只用that的情况
1．当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything 等不定代词时。
There is nothing that we can do now．
现在我们什么也做不了。
2．当先行词被the only，the last，the very 等修饰时。
This is the very book that I want．
这正是我想要的书。
3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
The present time is the best gift that you can give yourself．
当前的时光是你能给自己的最好的礼物。
4．当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
Don't trust the first sign that you see．
不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。
5．当先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
My mother and her old friends talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school．
我妈妈和她的老朋友们谈论了一些她们记忆中学校里的人和事。
6．当主句的主语是疑问词which时。
Which is the car that you bought last week
哪辆车是你上周买的？
7．当先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be．
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。
(二)只用which的情况
1．当先行词是that时。
The clock is that which tells the time．
钟是显示时间的。
2．关系代词前有介词时。
It was a crisis for which she was totally unprepared．
这是一场她完全没有防备的危机。
[即时训练1] 用that或which填空
①The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____ live within the Giant Panda Range．
②This is one of the most exciting football games ____ I have ever seen．
③This is the only thing ____ we can do now．
④The scientist and his achievements ____ you told me about are admired by us all．
⑤That _____ does not kill us makes us stronger．
that
that
that
that
which
二、关系代词作动词的间接宾语时需要使用的介词
关系代词作动词的间接宾语时，通常需要用to或for，这两个介词与从句的动词构成习惯搭配。
The girl that Tom gave the dictionary to is very pretty．(give sth．to sb．)
汤姆给她字典的那个女孩很可爱。
I know the boy whom you bought a white hat for．(buy sth．for sb．)
我认识你给他买白帽子的那个男孩。
[名师点津] 在正式文体中，介词位于作间接宾语的关系代词之前。
He is the man to whom I handed my application form．
他就是我把申请表交给的那个男子。
三、关系代词作介词的宾语
关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which，whom。介词的选用情况如下：
1．根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。
先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词，它与介词之间有一定的联系。
Do you still remember the days during which we worked together
你还记得我们在一起工作的那些日子吗？
2．根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。
该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。
The social problem about which the two sides are debating with each other is a very serious one．(debate with sb．about...就……与某人展开辩论)
双方正在展开辩论的社会问题是一个很严重的社会问题。
3．根据句子的意思确定介词。
有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。
This is the book about which you have talked to me．
这是你曾经向我谈起的那本书。
This is the book on the cover of which there is a map of China．
这是封面上有张中国地图的那本书。
[名师点津] 有些以介词结尾的动词短语，如look for，look after，send for，call on，come across，long for等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。此时关系代词可省略。
The doctor (that/whom) you sent for has not come．
你派人去请的那个医生还没有来。
This is the baby (whom/that) you will look after．
这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。
[即时训练2] 用适当的关系词或介词填空
①Is this the car ___ which you paid a high price
②Copper is one of the metals ____ which we are most familiar．
③This is the pilot with ______ my brother has worked for ten years．
④Maria has written two novels，both of _____ have been made into television series．
⑤The death of his son was an experience ____ which he never fully recovered．
for
with
whom
which
from
用适当的介词或关系代词填空
A
Common interests provide rich ground 1．____ which many friendships grow．Friendships grow best between friends 2．______ communication is warm and open．Friendships are like flowers 3．_________ need to be taken good care of．A relationship with a true friend 4．______________ you can count on will surely produce fruits．To make friends，you should help others the way 5．____ you have been helped．
from
whose
that/which
that/who/whom
that
B
In Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，the friendship 6．___________ forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book，though they appear to be an unlikely pair．Huck is a poor white boy 7．______ father often beats him，while Jim is a black slave 8．_________ longs to be free．
One day，Huck runs away from home to an island．There he meets Jim and makes friends with him．Then they leave the island together on a raft 9．___________ they find on the Mississippi River．They head
which/that
whose
who/that
which/that
north to Illinois，a state 10．__ which Jim can become free．The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers．
In the end，Huck decides that Jim is a friend 11．______________
he needs and values，and refuses to give him up．From this story we can see that friends are people 12．_________ support you through thick and thin．
in
that/who/whom
who/that
课下预习 第二篇课文(Reading for Writing)
①digital adj．数码的；数字显示的
②image n．形象；印象
digital images数字图像
③cave n．山洞；洞穴
the Mogao Caves莫高窟
④throughout prep．各处；遍及；自始至终
throughout China's ancient history贯穿中国古代史
⑤quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征 adj．优质的；高质量的
high-quality digital photographs高质量的数码照片
⑥a meeting point交汇点
⑦as international as...像……一样国际化
⑧all over the world在世界各地
from all over the world来自世界各地
⑨Los Angeles洛杉矶
⑩reproduce a copy of复制……
over the Internet在互联网上
tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗
further adv．(far的比较级)更远；进一步
further educate进一步教育
historic adj．历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的
safeguard historic and cultural relics保护历史和文化遗产
work on从事；参与
international communication国际交流
PROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH DIGITAL① IMAGES②
Lanzhou，9 August 2017．A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage．They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves③ ，which were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout④ China's ancient history． [1] Nearly 500，000 high-quality⑤ digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994． [2]
[1]句中which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Mogao Caves。
[2]句中since引导时间状语从句。
The Mogao Caves have long been a meeting point⑥ for different cultures and are part of the history of many countries．Today，the caves are just as international as⑦ they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road． [3] Tourists from all over the world⑧ visit Dunhuang to see the caves，and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles⑨ has even reproduced a copy of ⑩ the caves and paintings for people to admire in America． [4]
[3]句中when引导定语从句，先行词为the time。
[4]句中and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，第二个分句中的for people to admire作后置定语。
By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet ，the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China's ancient history，culture，and traditions ． [5] They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate．As one researcher who is working on the project explains，“Appreciating one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself． [6] Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding．”
[5]句中动词-ing形式短语sharing...the Internet作介词by的宾语。
[6]句中as引导非限制性定语从句，其中who...the project是一个限制性定语从句。
通过数码影像推广文化
2017年8月9日，兰州。一支由中国及其他国家的研究人员和科学家组成的科研团队，正在通力合作，以加强人们对中国古代文化遗产的认识与鉴赏力。他们正在记录和收集莫高窟文物的数码图像，莫高窟在中国古代历史上是丝绸之路的一个重要站点。自1994年该国际项目启动以来，团队已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
长期以来，莫高窟一直是多元文化的交汇点，也是许多国家历史文化的一部分。如今，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟；位于洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆甚至还复制了这些洞窟和壁画的照片，供人们在美国欣赏。
这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的)电子图片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。他们还希望进一步教育人们认识和保护历史文化遗迹以供后代了解和欣赏的重要性。正如该项目的一位研究人员所解释的：“欣赏本国文化遗产对于了解我们自己是非常重要的。欣赏他国文化遗产对于国际交流和理解是非常重要的。”
THANKSPeriod 4 单元语法讲练 (Discovering Useful Structures)
限制性定语从句
一、关系代词that、which的选择
(一)只用that的情况
1．当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything 等不定代词时。
There is nothing that we can do now．
现在我们什么也做不了。
2．当先行词被the only，the last，the very 等修饰时。
This is the very book that I want．
这正是我想要的书。
3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
The present time is the best gift that you can give yourself．
当前的时光是你能给自己的最好的礼物。
4．当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
Don't trust the first sign that you see．
不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。
5．当先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
My mother and her old friends talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school．
我妈妈和她的老朋友们谈论了一些她们记忆中学校里的人和事。
6．当主句的主语是疑问词which时。
Which is the car that you bought last week
哪辆车是你上周买的？
7．当先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be．
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。
(二)只用which的情况
1．当先行词是that时。
The clock is that which tells the time．
钟是显示时间的。
2．关系代词前有介词时。
It was a crisis for which she was totally unprepared．
这是一场她完全没有防备的危机。
[即时训练1] 用that或which填空
①The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species
live within the Giant Panda Range．
②This is one of the most exciting football games I have ever seen．
③This is the only thing we can do now．
④The scientist and his achievements you told me about are admired by us all．
⑤That does not kill us makes us stronger．
二、关系代词作动词的间接宾语时需要使用的介词
关系代词作动词的间接宾语时，通常需要用to或for，这两个介词与从句的动词构成习惯搭配。
The girl that Tom gave the dictionary to is very pretty． (give sth．to sb．)
汤姆给她字典的那个女孩很可爱。
I know the boy whom you bought a white hat for． (buy sth．for sb．)
我认识你给他买白帽子的那个男孩。
[名师点津] 在正式文体中，介词位于作间接宾语的关系代词之前。
He is the man to whom I handed my application form．
他就是我把申请表交给的那个男子。
三、关系代词作介词的宾语
关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which，whom。介词的选用情况如下：
1．根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。
先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词，它与介词之间有一定的联系。
Do you still remember the days during which we worked together
你还记得我们在一起工作的那些日子吗？
2．根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。
该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。
The social problem about which the two sides are debating with each other is a very serious one． (debate with sb．about...就……与某人展开辩论)
双方正在展开辩论的社会问题是一个很严重的社会问题。
3．根据句子的意思确定介词。
有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。
This is the book about which you have talked to me．
这是你曾经向我谈起的那本书。
This is the book on the cover of which there is a map of China．
这是封面上有张中国地图的那本书。
[名师点津] 有些以介词结尾的动词短语，如look for，look after，send for，call on，come across，long for等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。此时关系代词可省略。
The doctor (that/whom) you sent for has not come．
你派人去请的那个医生还没有来。
This is the baby (whom/that) you will look after．
这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。
[即时训练2] 用适当的关系词或介词填空
①Is this the car which you paid a high price
②Copper is one of the metals which we are most familiar．
③This is the pilot with my brother has worked for ten years．
④Maria has written two novels，both of have been made into television series．
⑤The death of his son was an experience which he never fully recovered．
用适当的介词或关系代词填空
A
Common interests provide rich ground 1． which many friendships grow．Friendships grow best between friends 2． communication is warm and open．Friendships are like flowers 3． need to be taken good care of．A relationship with a true friend 4． you can count on will surely produce fruits．To make friends，you should help others the way 5． you have been helped．
B
In Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，the friendship 6． forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book，though they appear to be an unlikely pair．Huck is a poor white boy 7． father often beats him，while Jim is a black slave 8． longs to be free．
One day，Huck runs away from home to an island．There he meets Jim and makes friends with him．Then they leave the island together on a raft 9． they find on the Mississippi River．They head north to Illinois，a state 10． which Jim can become free．The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers．
In the end，Huck decides that Jim is a friend 11． he needs and values，and refuses to give him up．From this story we can see that friends are people 12． support you through thick and thin．
第二篇课文 (Reading for Writing)
①digital adj．数码的；数字显示的
②image n．形象；印象
digital images数字图像
③cave n．山洞；洞穴
the Mogao Caves莫高窟
④throughout prep．各处；遍及；自始至终
throughout China's ancient history贯穿中国古代史
⑤quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征 adj．优质的；高质量的
high quality digital photographs高质量的数码照片
⑥a meeting point交汇点
⑦as international as...像……一样国际化
⑧all over the world在世界各地
from all over the world来自世界各地
⑨Los Angeles洛杉矶
⑩reproduce a copy of复制……
over the Internet在互联网上
tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗
further adv． (far的比较级)更远；进一步
further educate进一步教育
historic adj．历史上著名 (或重要)的；有史时期的
safeguard historic and cultural relics保护历史和文化遗产
work on从事；参与
international communication国际交流
PROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH
DIGITAL① IMAGES②
Lanzhou，9 August 2017．A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage．They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves③，which were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout④ China's ancient history．[1] Nearly 500，000 high quality⑤ digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994．[2]
[1]句中which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Mogao Caves。
[2]句中since引导时间状语从句。
The Mogao Caves have long been a meeting point⑥ for different cultures and are part of the history of many countries．Today，the caves are just as international as⑦ they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road．[3] Tourists from all over the world⑧ visit Dunhuang to see the caves，and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles⑨ has even reproduced a copy of⑩ the caves and paintings for people to admire in America．[4]
[3]句中when引导定语从句，先行词为the time。
[4]句中and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，第二个分句中的for people to admire作后置定语。
By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet ，the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China's ancient history，culture，and traditions ．[5] They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate．As one researcher who is working on the project explains，“Appreciating one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself．[6] Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding．”
[5]句中动词 ing形式短语sharing... the Internet作介词by的宾语。
[6]句中as引导非限制性定语从句，其中who... the project是一个限制性定语从句。
通过数码影像推广文化
2017年8月9日，兰州。一支由中国及其他国家的研究人员和科学家组成的科研团队，正在通力合作，以加强人们对中国古代文化遗产的认识与鉴赏力。他们正在记录和收集莫高窟文物的数码图像，莫高窟在中国古代历史上是丝绸之路的一个重要站点。自1994年该国际项目启动以来，团队已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
长期以来，莫高窟一直是多元文化的交汇点，也是许多国家历史文化的一部分。如今，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟；位于洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆甚至还复制了这些洞窟和壁画的照片，供人们在美国欣赏。
这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量 (有关莫高窟的)电子图片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。他们还希望进一步教育人们认识和保护历史文化遗迹以供后代了解和欣赏的重要性。正如该项目的一位研究人员所解释的：“欣赏本国文化遗产对于了解我们自己是非常重要的。欣赏他国文化遗产对于国际交流和理解是非常重要的。”
Period 4
单元语法
即时训练1
①that ②that ③that ④that ⑤which
即时训练2
①for ②with ③whom ④which ⑤from
巩固落实
1．from 2．whose 3．that/which 4．that/who/whom 5．that 6．which/that 7．whose 8．who/that 9．which/that 10．in 11．that/who/whom 12．who/that课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．He dealt with the issue in a highly (专业的) way．
2．We must spare no effort to preserve Chinese (传统) from disappearing．
3．It's still all about being able to run faster，jump higher and throw (更远)．
4．At the entrance to the shopping mall，I bought a digital camera of high (质量)．
5．One of the seventeen villagers killed in the earthquake was (确认) as Jack．
Ⅱ．选词填空
prevent from，turn to，take part in，lead to，all over the world
1．They think that the project will not going as planned by the protest．
2．Why not the activity to protect the ancient heritage from being destroyed
3．Many people use their bodies as well as their voices to communicate．
4．After the terrible accident，the police local people for some clues．
5．Eating too much fat can heart disease and cause high blood pressure．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
I have a special place in my heart for libraries．I have for as long as I can remember．I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child．Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties，I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library．
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old．It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time．
As I grew older and became a mother，the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life．I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment．It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library，where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them．
I always read，using different voices，as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it！It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books．
Now，I see my children taking their children to the library and I love it that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation．
As a novelist，I've found a new relationship with libraries．I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book．I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers，a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book．Libraries，in their own way，help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can．Encourage readers to use the library．Share library announcements on your social media．Frequent them and talk about them when you can．
1．Which word best describes the author's relationship with books as a child
A．Cooperative． B．Uneasy．
C．Inseparable． D．Casual．
2．What does the underlined phrase“an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Pleasure from working in the library．
B．Joy of reading passed on in the family．
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories．
D．A closer bond developed with the readers．
3．What does the author call on other writers to do
A．Sponsor book fairs．
B．Write for social media．
C．Support libraries．
D．Purchase her novels．
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Reading：A Source of Knowledge
B．My Idea About Writing
C．Library：A Haven for the Young
D．My Love of the Library
Ⅳ．完形填空
Last Monday,to prepare a picnic,I decided to go into a superstore which was on my way home．
I parked my car in the big parking lot and went into the superstore．It was a huge one, 1 onto 2 stories and 200，000＋ square feet．After 45 minutes of shopping to just get some tomatoes,cheese and 3 toothpicks,I arrived at the cashier line,thoughtful and a bit 2 by the time I spent to get 3 3 ．I wondered why I did not go to a small local store．
After 15 minutes of waiting in the line,the woman in front of me called me,“Hey．．．you have only 3 articles Come and take my 4 ．I have way more articles than you！”
It wasn't the first time it happened to me．But her intention was 5 ， as was her smile (she did not wear any mask,so I could see it)．Not knowing what else to do,I accepted her 6 ．We chatted a bit waiting for the customers ahead of us to finish — she was incredibly 7 ．Then I thanked her,giving her back my brightest smile (although I was wearing a mask．．．)．
8 my car,I rethought about that good moment,and realized that she 9 my day．In the meantime,I wondered how to 10 it back to her．No 11 it was quite impossible,so I considered how to pay it forward to someone else．
While driving,I realized that she saved me 10 minutes．And while I was driving at 70 mph,I 12 my speed to 55 mph．My fuel 13 dramatically dropped down by 35%．
14 ， I re-lost part of the 10 minutes that the woman offered me,but it was a way to 15 her and do a small thing for the environment．
1．A．spreading B．covering
C．turning D．taking
2．A．embarrassed B．delighted
C．discouraged D．contented
3．A．foods B．copies
C．passages D．articles
4．A．seat B．place
C．advice D．chance
5．A．awkward B．dangerous
C．irresistible D．familiar
6．A．standing B．offering
C．suffering D．talking
7．A．pleasant B．reliable
C．confident D．powerful
8．A．Getting off B．Getting through
C．Getting away from D．Getting back in
9．A．ruined B．satisfied
C．made D．filled
10．A．answer B．give
C．bring D．hold
11．A．doubt B．wonder
C．need D．sense
12．A．introduced B．repeated
C．replied D．reduced
13．A．devotion B．courage
C．consumption D．duty
14．A．Unexpectedly B．Admittedly
C．Surprisedly D．Disappointedly
15．A．recall B．help
C．appreciate D．repay
Ⅴ．语法填空
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern．From temples to museums，narrow hutong 1． royal palaces，it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout，with the city keeping its carefully 2． (build) system of ring roads．
But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place 3． welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life，with 21st-century architectural 4． (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past．
It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn't work，5． somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination．6． (visit) several times over the last 10 years，I 7． (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new，and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing．As a photographer，I have spent the last two years 8． (record) everything I discovered．
The 9． (remark) development of this city，which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world，10． (mean) there is always something new to discover here，and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years．
课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ．1．professional 2．traditions 3．further 4．quality 5．identified
Ⅱ．1．be prevented from 2．take part in 3．all over the world 4．turned to 5．lead to
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
C B C D
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A C D B C B A D
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
C B A D C B D
Ⅴ．1．to 2．built 3．that/which 4．wonders 5．but/yet 6．Having visited 7．was amazed 8．recording 9．remarkable 10．means
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对图书馆的热爱。
1．C [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child．．．through the books”可推知，小时候，作者与书形影不离。inseparable“不可分割的，不可分离的”。故选C。]
2．B [词义猜测题。根据画线词组前的“As I grew older．．．the library took on a new place”及下文的“I had several children．．．to read to them．”可知，随着作者年龄的增长，她成为母亲，图书馆在她心里有了新的“地位”，书成了她和孩子们娱乐的主要来源。对他们来说，去图书馆读书是件令人激动的事情。故“an added meaning”应是指在作者家中传递的读书的乐趣。故选B。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can．”可知，作者呼吁其他作者支持图书馆。故选C。]
4．D [标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，library是本文的线索，作者描述了她从孩童到为人母，以及作为小说家对图书馆的热爱。故D项符合题意。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在超市结账时，一位女士主动让作者先结账，这让作者很开心，所以作者想着怎样回报她。最后，作者为环境做了点小事，作为回报那位女士的方式。
1．A [根据空格后的“onto 2 stories”可知，这家超市一定是从一楼延伸到二楼。故选A项。]
2．C [根据空格后的“by the time I spent ”和下一句“I wondered why I did not go to a small local store．”可知，作者对在大超市花那么多时间买这些东西感到气馁。故选C项。]
3．D [根据下一段中的“Hey．．．you have only 3 articles ”可知，此处应该用articles，指的是作者买的三样东西。故选D项。]
4．B [根据句意和空格前的动词take可知，此处指的是那个女士让作者和她换位置。故选B项。]
5．C [根据下一句“Not knowing what else to do，I accepted her ．”可知，作者认为他是无法抵抗这位女士的提议的。故选C项。]
6．B [根据上文“Come and take my ．I have way more articles than you！”可知，是那位女士主动提出让作者先结账的。故选B项。]
7．A [根据这位女士主动让作者先结账这件事和“But her intention was ， as was her smile (she did not wear any mask，so I could see it)．”可知，这位女士一定是个和蔼可亲的人。故选A项。]
8．D [根据句意和空格后的“my car”可知，作者从超市出来后，一定是回到车里。故选D项。]
9．C [根据句意和空格后的“my day”可知，此处是考查固定短语make one's day(使某人很开心)。故选C项。]
10．B [根据句意和空格后的“back to her”可知，此处是考查固定短语give something back to somebody。故选B项。]
11．A [根据第三段“After 15 minutes of waiting in the line，the woman in front of me called me，‘Hey．．．you have only 3 articles Come and take my ．I have way more articles than you！’”可知，作者和那位女士互不相识，所以毫无疑问，他们分开后，作者很难有机会回报她。故选A项。]
12．D [根据上一句“While driving，I realized that she saved me 10 minutes．”可知，那位女士给作者省出了10分钟时间，所以作者时间充足。所以作者把车速降到每小时55英里。故选D项。]
13．C [根据句意和空格前的fuel可知，此处指的是汽车的油耗。故选C项。]
14．B [根据下文“I re-lost part of the 10 minutes that the woman offered me”可知，因为车开得慢，所以作者又失去了那位女士给他省出来的10分钟的一部分。这是不可否认的事实。故选B项。]
15．D [根据最后的“do a small thing for the environment”可知，作者把降低了油耗，保护环境看作回报那位女士的一种方式。故选D项。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了北京市在保护古代文化遗产的同时发展城市，为世界各国树立了榜样。
1．to [考查介词。from．．．to．．．“从……到……”，是固定用法。]
2．built [考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构。system of ring roads与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填built。]
3．that/which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为place，故填that/which。]
4．wonders [考查名词。wonder在此表示“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，应用复数。故填wonders。]
5．but/yet [考查连词。前后分句之间是转折关系，故填but/yet。]
6．Having visited [考查非谓语动词。结合句意及句中的状语“several times over the last 10 years”可知，visit所表示的动作已经发生多次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。故填Having visited。]
7．was amazed [考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，amaze在此是谓语动词，与主语I之间是被动关系，且是发生在过去的动作，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was amazed。]
8．recording [考查非谓语动词。此处考查“spend some time doing sth．”结构，故填recording。]
9．remarkable [考查形容词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development，应用形容词。故填remarkable“非凡的，卓越的”。]
10．means [考查时态和主谓一致。文章的主时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；句子的主语为“The (remark) development of this city”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填means。]
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