(共27张PPT)
Period ４
UNIT 2 WILDLIFF PROTECTION
主题语境
人与自然 —— 人与动植物
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Discovering Useful Structures)
1．reduce vt．减少
(1)reduce...by... 把……减少了……
reduce...to... 把……减少到……
be reduced to 陷入某种境地；使沦为(to为介词)
(2)reduction n． 减少
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The cultural relic ____________ (reduce) to ruins，which made us depressed．
②As is known to all，using clean energy plays an important role in pollution ________ (reduce)．
③由于大雾，司机不得不把速度减到每小时40千米。
It was foggy so the driver had to ________________ forty kilometres an hour．
was reduced
reduction
reduce speed to
2．due adj．由于；因为；到期的；预期的；适当的；应得的
due to 由于；因为
be due to do sth． 预定/计划做某事
be due to sb． 应支付/给予/归于某人
[名师点津] 表示“由于/因为”的词或短语还有：for，because，because of，owing to，thanks to等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The express train is due _________ (arrive) at 10：00 p．m．，so remember to meet me on time．
②I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due __ being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment．
③由于我的英语老师的帮助，我的英语成绩总是不错。
______________________________，my English scores are always not bad．
to arrive
to
Due to my English teacher's help
一、含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
二、结构
1．肯定式：主语＋am/is/are＋being done...
Some trees are being cut down in the park．
公园里的一些树木正在被砍伐。
现在进行时的被动语态
2．否定式：主语＋am/is/are＋not being done...
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now．
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
3．一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are(not)＋主语＋being done...
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse？这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
4．特殊疑问式：疑问词＋am/is/are(not)＋主语＋being done...
When is the sports meeting being held in our school
我校将在什么时候举行运动会？
[即时训练1] 句型转换
They are building a modern school in his hometown．
①_________________________________________. (改为被动语态)
②__________________________________________.(把①句改为否定句)
A modern school is being built in his hometown
A modern school isn't being built in his hometown
③_________________________________________(把①句改为一般疑问句)
④_________________________________(对①句就in his hometown进行提问)
Is a modern school being built in his hometown
Where is a modern school being built
三、用法
1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。
My younger sister is now being interviewed．
我妹妹现在正在接受采访。
He is now being treated in China．
现在，他正在中国接受治疗。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon．
以这样的速度捕杀这些动物，它们很快就会消失。
3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，often等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken．
我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。
Tom is always being praised by the teacher．
汤姆总是被老师表扬。
4．与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment．
吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访。
—Do you know what Smith is doing
——你知道史密斯正在做什么吗？
—He is ill．He may be being examined by the doctor．
——他病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。
[即时训练2] 补全句子
①Radios of the old type ________________ (正被替代) by new ones．
②The plan to explore the South Pole ____________ (正在被制订) these days．
③He __________________ (正在被采访) by our headmaster now．
are being replaced
is being made
is being interviewed
四、使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题
1．不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
这本书是他的。
[正]The book belongs to him．
[误]The book is being belonged to him．
2．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如have，want，need，like，realize等，一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态，而常用于一般现在时的被动语态，表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。
玛丽，过来，有你的电话。
[正]Mary，come here．You're wanted on the phone．
[误]Mary，come here．You're being wanted on the phone．
3．“be＋under/in/on等介词＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The problem is under discussion (is being discussed) at the meeting．
这个问题正在会上讨论。
The telephone is in use (is being used) now．
这部电话正在使用中。
Many new cars are on show(are being showed)．
许多新车正在展出。
用所给词的适当形式填空
Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao，it has been several months since we 1．___ (meet) last
time．You said you were tired of your work and you 2．___________
(find) a new job．What are you doing now
Lin Tao：Oh，I 3．_______________ (train) for the work in the supermarket this
month．You know，a supermarket 4．___________ (build) in our town，
and it 5．________ (be) open in about two months．Whereare you going
now
met
would find
am being trained
is being built
will be
Li Ming：I 6．_________ (go) to the centre stadium，where the spring
sports meeting 7．___________ (hold)．
Lin Tao：I hear that a car exhibition 8．___________ (hold) there，too.
Why don't you drive there It's a long way from here．
Li Ming：There is something wrong with my car and it 9．_______
_______ (repair) in the garage(汽修厂)．I 10．__________
(lose) weight recently，so I'd like to go there on foot．
am going
is being held
is being held
repaired
am losing
is being
Lin Tao：I see．Then wish you a good day!
Li Ming：Thank you！Bye!
Lin Tao：Bye!
课下预习 第二篇课文(Reading for Writing)
①when it comes to当涉及；一谈到
②dolphin n．海豚
Yangtze River Dolphin白 豚
③pay attention to关注
④without variety没有多样性
⑤give...a chance给……一个机会
⑥cut down砍伐
⑦a part of the habitat栖息地的一部分
⑧koala n．树袋熊；考拉
⑨in this way这样；用这种方法
⑩make animals homeless让动物们无家可归
Give Ugly a Chance!
When it comes to① wildlife protection，all species—the good，the bad，and the ugly—should be treated equally．Pandas，dolphins② ，and other cute wildlife are important，but we must pay attention to③ less cute animals，too．The world needs all kinds—without variety④ ，our planet cannot survive．So if you want the future to be beautiful，you have to give ugly a chance⑤ ．[1]
[1]句中if引导条件状语从句。
Don't Make Paper with My Home!
Billions of trees are being cut down⑥ every year to make paper for humans ．[2] Every tree that is cut down is a part of the habitat⑦ of animals such as these koalas⑧ ．[3] In this way⑨ a lot of animal homes are being destroyed! Is it right to make animals homeless⑩ so that humans can have more paper [4]
[2]句中不定式短语to make paper for humans作目的状语。
[3]句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词every tree。
[4]句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to make animals homeless；so that humans can have more paper为目的状语从句。
给丑的动物一个机会！
当提到保护野生动植物时，所有的物种——好的、坏的和丑的，都应该得到平等的对待。熊猫、海豚和其他可爱的野生动物固然很重要，但我们也必须关注那些不怎么可爱的动物。世界需要万物——没有多样性，我们的地球就无法生存。因此，如果你想让未来变得美好，你得给丑的动物一个机会。
不要用我的家来造纸！
每年有数十亿棵树木遭到砍伐，以供人类造纸。每一棵被砍伐的树木都是诸如树袋熊等动物栖息地的一部分。砍树造纸摧毁了很多动物的家园！为了让人类有更多的纸张，就让动物们无家可归，这样做对吗？
THANKSPeriod 4 单元语法讲练 (Discovering Useful Structures)
1．reduce vt．减少
(1)reduce...by... 把……减少了……
reduce...to... 把……减少到……
be reduced to 陷入某种境地；使沦为 (to为介词)
(2)reduction n． 减少
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The cultural relic (reduce) to ruins，which made us depressed．
②As is known to all，using clean energy plays an important role in pollution
(reduce)．
③由于大雾，司机不得不把速度减到每小时40千米。
It was foggy so the driver had to forty kilometres an hour．
2．due adj．由于；因为；到期的；预期的；适当的；应得的
due to 由于；因为
be due to do sth． 预定/计划做某事
be due to sb． 应支付/给予/归于某人
[名师点津] 表示“由于/因为”的词或短语还有：for，because，because of，owing to，thanks to等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The express train is due (arrive) at 10：00 p．m．，so remember to meet me on time．
②I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment．
③由于我的英语老师的帮助，我的英语成绩总是不错。
，my English scores are always not bad．
现在进行时的被动语态
一、含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
二、结构
1．肯定式：主语＋am/is/are＋being done...
Some trees are being cut down in the park．
公园里的一些树木正在被砍伐。
2．否定式：主语＋am/is/are＋not being done...
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now．
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
3．一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are (not)＋主语＋being done...
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse？这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
4．特殊疑问式：疑问词＋am/is/are (not)＋主语＋being done...
When is the sports meeting being held in our school
我校将在什么时候举行运动会？
[即时训练1] 句型转换
They are building a modern school in his hometown．
①
(改为被动语态)
②
(把①句改为否定句)
③
(把①句改为一般疑问句)
④
(对①句就in his hometown进行提问)
三、用法
1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。
My younger sister is now being interviewed．
我妹妹现在正在接受采访。
He is now being treated in China．
现在，他正在中国接受治疗。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作 (说话时不一定在进行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon．
以这样的速度捕杀这些动物，它们很快就会消失。
3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，often等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken．
我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。
Tom is always being praised by the teacher．
汤姆总是被老师表扬。
4．与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment．
吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访。
—Do you know what Smith is doing
——你知道史密斯正在做什么吗？
—He is ill．He may be being examined by the doctor．
——他病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。
[即时训练2] 补全句子
①Radios of the old type (正被替代) by new ones．
②The plan to explore the South Pole (正在被制订) these days．
③He (正在被采访) by our headmaster now．
四、使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题
1．不及物动词 (短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
这本书是他的。
[正]The book belongs to him．
[误]The book is being belonged to him．
2．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如have，want，need，like，realize等，一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态，而常用于一般现在时的被动语态，表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。
玛丽，过来，有你的电话。
[正]Mary，come here．You're wanted on the phone．
[误]Mary，come here．You're being wanted on the phone．
3．“be＋under/in/on等介词＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The problem is under discussion (is being discussed) at the meeting．
这个问题正在会上讨论。
The telephone is in use (is being used) now．
这部电话正在使用中。
Many new cars are on show (are being showed)．
许多新车正在展出。
用所给词的适当形式填空
Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao，it has been several months since we 1． (meet) last time．You said you were tired of your work and you 2． (find) a new job．What are you doing now
Lin Tao：Oh，I 3． (train) for the work in the supermarket this month．You know，a supermarket 4． (build) in our town，and it 5． (be) open in about two months．Where are you going now
Li Ming：I 6． (go) to the centre stadium，where the spring sports meeting 7． (hold)．
Lin Tao：I hear that a car exhibition 8． (hold) there，too．Why don't you drive there It's a long way from here．
Li Ming：There is something wrong with my car and it 9． (repair) in the garage (汽修厂)．I 10． (lose) weight recently，so I'd like to go there on foot．
Lin Tao：I see．Then wish you a good day!
Li Ming：Thank you！Bye!
Lin Tao：Bye!
第二篇课文 (Reading for Writing)
①when it comes to当涉及；一谈到
②dolphin n．海豚
Yangtze River Dolphin白豚
③pay attention to关注
④without variety没有多样性
⑤give... a chance给……一个机会
⑥cut down砍伐
⑦a part of the habitat栖息地的一部分
⑧koala n．树袋熊；考拉
⑨in this way这样；用这种方法
⑩make animals homeless让动物们无家可归
Give Ugly a Chance!
When it comes to① wildlife protection，all species—the good，the bad，and the ugly—should be treated equally．Pandas，dolphins②，and other cute wildlife are important，but we must pay attention to③ less cute animals，too．The world needs all kinds—without variety④，our planet cannot survive．So if you want the future to be beautiful，you have to give ugly a chance⑤．[1]
[1]句中if引导条件状语从句。
Don't Make Paper with My Home!
Billions of trees are being cut down⑥ every year to make paper for humans．[2] Every tree that is cut down is a part of the habitat⑦ of animals such as these koalas⑧．[3] In this way⑨ a lot of animal homes are being destroyed! Is it right to make animals homeless⑩ so that humans can have more paper [4]
[2]句中不定式短语to make paper for humans作目的状语。
[3]句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词every tree。
[4]句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to make animals homeless；so that humans can have more paper为目的状语从句。
给丑的动物一个机会！
当提到保护野生动植物时，所有的物种——好的、坏的和丑的，都应该得到平等的对待。熊猫、海豚和其他可爱的野生动物固然很重要，但我们也必须关注那些不怎么可爱的动物。世界需要万物——没有多样性，我们的地球就无法生存。因此，如果你想让未来变得美好，你得给丑的动物一个机会。
不要用我的家来造纸！
每年有数十亿棵树木遭到砍伐，以供人类造纸。每一棵被砍伐的树木都是诸如树袋熊等动物栖息地的一部分。砍树造纸摧毁了很多动物的家园！为了让人类有更多的纸张，就让动物们无家可归，这样做对吗？
Period 4
核心词汇
1．①was reduced ②reduction ③reduce speed to
2．①to arrive ②to ③Due to my English teacher's help
单元语法
即时训练1
①A modern school is being built in his hometown．
②A modern school isn't being built in his hometown．
③Is a modern school being built in his hometown
④Where is a modern school being built
即时训练2
①are being replaced ②is being made
③is being interviewed
巩固落实
1．met 2．would find 3．am being trained 4．is being built 5．will be 6．am going 7．is being held 8．is being held 9．is being repaired 10．am losing课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．He shouted so loudly that the whole (街区) could hear him．
2．In nature，you may see many (昆虫) and animals of different colors．
3．Shyness is an (情绪) that affects how a person feels and behaves around．
4．The company is closing down and the workforce has been (缩减) by half．
5．It is (不寻常的) that masses of rare animals are dying out in some nature reserves．
Ⅱ．选词填空
remind．．．of．．．，search for，stir up，make out，due to
1．These photos the time when I used to live in Spain．
2．I could just a tall figure walking hurriedly through the bush．
3．It is reported that the police have gone to the forest to the missing boy．
4．The book that I bought on the net my interest．
5． much pressure,he opened his bedroom door,lay on the bed and began to cry．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
Lillian,17,had just started working as a lifesaver at a beach in Australia on New Year's Eve when beach-goers started to point and shout at the water．The workers quickly examined the situation and saw that a kangaroo had jumped out of the bushes— straight into the sea．
The animal seemed confused by the fishermen standing on the rocks．So instead of turning back and heading back into the bushes,it jumped right into the water! The poor thing bobbed(摆动) around in the waves and went underwater several times before Lillian decided to take action．
As with any other animal rescue,it's important to approach the situation with prudence．Wild animals that are stressed can become dangerous to their rescuers,and Lillian was aware of the risks as she took her rescue board and hit the water at a run．“It just didn't want to come on to the beach because it was kind of scared，” she said．“I was trying to figure out how to get it on the board．But considering that it's a wild animal,even though I was helping,I wouldn't want to be hurt by it or make it more stressed out．”
As beach-goers recorded the rescue on their phones,Lillian paddled behind the animal carefully and guided the kangaroo onto the beach．As soon as Lillian's feet touched the sand,the beach erupted in cheers for her! “It was quite special．As people there were cheering and clapping,the kangaroo was just sitting there up in the bushes staring at me,as if it was conveying something with its shining eyes，” Lillian said．“I didn't think that was going to ever be my first rescue．I may have more rescues in the future,but none would be as memorable as this one．”
1．What happened to the kangaroo
A．It jumped off the rocks by mistake．
B．It jumped into the sea by accident．
C．It was forced to leave the bushes．
D．It was washed away into the sea．
2．What does the underlined word “prudence” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Inspiration． B．Hope．
C．Care． D．Shock．
3．How did the kangaroo react to its rescuer
A．It couldn't wait to leave her．
B．It was worried about her safety．
C．It was confused about her action．
D．It seemed grateful for her help．
4．Which of the following can best describe Lillian
A．Far-sighted and independent．
B．Talented and positive．
C．Brave and cautious．
D．Determined and ambitious．
Ⅳ．完形填空
This year,hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy,the world's most remote post office．The 1 is in Antarctica,and one of the key 2 is the ability to count penguins．
Each year,the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust 3 four postmen to live on the island from November to March．Apart from being a nearly 80-year-old British-owned post office,it 4 as a museum．Although employees each have unique 5 ， they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the 6 place and caring for the thousands of tourists．The staff is also 7 environmental data collection and wildlife monitoring．
Applicants are warned that there's not much time for relaxation and rest．Still,the job is highly 8 ．The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds of applications 9 for the position．They are mainly 10 to Port Lockroy,both for its history and its scientific significance．Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying for the 2013－2024 season．It was a real 11 for her．“Even though the job can be hard at times,there's a real sense of community．You've got to 12 ， because you can't get away from each other very easily．I really love that sort of 13 ，” she said．“And what you can achieve here is 14 ．The total experience offers both a different 15 towards the world and a new viewpoint on your function on the planet．”
1．A．centre B．position
C．aim D．unit
2．A．requirements B．characteristics
C．behaviours D．activities
3．A．persuades B．decides
C．encourages D．hires
4．A．exists B．transforms
C．doubles D．develops
5．A．tastes B．talents
C．roles D．backgrounds
6．A．regular B．historic
C．grand D．magical
7．A．in favor of B．in need of
C．in possession of D．in charge of
8．A．paid B．sought-after
C．hard-won D．respectable
9．A．annually B．weekly
C．monthly D．daily
10．A．invited B．devoted
C．related D．drawn
11．A．joy B．lesson
C．effort D．shock
12．A．get along B．show off
C．break through D．give in
13．A．loneliness B．eagerness
C．looseness D．togetherness
14．A．consistent B．rewarding
C．potential D．pure
15．A．entrance B．answer
C．attitude D．introduction
Ⅴ．语法填空
In China,the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7，000 years ago．As early as the Shang Dynasty,bamboo was being used in ancient people's daily lives．It was used forfood,clothing,housing,transportation,1．
(music) instruments and even weapons．
The application of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling．In 256 BC,Li Bing,in Sichuan,2． (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs,the first irrigation network in the world,in which bamboo played 3． important role．The world's oldest water pipe was also made of bamboo．During the Han Dynasty,the people in Sichuan 4． (successful) sank a 1，600-meter-deep well with thick bamboo 5． (rope)．This technology did not spread to Europe until the 19th century,and it was by using the technology 6． the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859．
In Chinese culture,bamboo is well known 7． one of the “four gentlemen” in plants．To many distinguished men,bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty．It is always closely 8． (relate) to people of positive spirits．Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people 9． are positive and brave to hold on when 10． (face) tough situations．
课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ．1．neighbourhood 2．insects 3．emotion 4．reduced 5．unusual
Ⅱ．1．remind me of 2．make out 3．search for 4．stirred up 5．Due to
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
B C D C
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B A D C C B D B
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A D A A D B C
Ⅴ．1．musical 2．led 3．an 4．successfully 5．ropes 6．that 7．as 8．related 9．who/that 10．facing
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了莉莲水中救袋鼠的故事。
1．B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The animal seemed confused by the fishermen standing on the rocks．So instead of turning back and heading back into the bushes，it jumped right into the water！”可知，袋鼠意外地跳进了海里。故选B项。]
2．C [词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Wild animals that are stressed can become dangerous to their rescuers，and Lillian was aware of the risks as she took her rescue board and hit the water at a run．”可知，救援受惊的野生动物很危险，所以救生员应该是“小心”地接近它们。所以猜测prudence是“小心”的意思。故选C项。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It was quite special．As people there were cheering and clapping，the kangaroo was just sitting there up in the bushes staring at me，as if it was conveying something with its shining eyes”可以推测，袋鼠应该是看起来很感激被救的。故选D项。]
4．C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Wild animals that are stressed can become dangerous to their rescuers，and Lillian was aware of the risks as she took her rescue board and hit the water at a run．”以及第四段中的“As beach-goers recorded the rescue on their phones，Lillian paddled behind the animal carefully and guided the kangaroo onto the beach．”以及上下文可知，莉莲是勇敢和小心的。故选C项。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于南极洲的洛克雷港邮局的招聘吸引了很多人，在那里员工不仅要收集环境数据和监测野生动物，还要负责数企鹅。
1．B [根据上文“This year，hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy，the world's most remote post office．”可知，此处表示该职位在南极洲，故选B项。]
2．A [根据空后“is the ability to count penguins”可知，此处表示其中一个关键的要求是能够数企鹅。故选A项。]
3．D [根据上文“applying for a desired job”和下文“employees”可知，此处表示聘用四名邮递员，故选D项。]
4．C [前面提到洛克雷港是一个邮局，空后又提到“as a museum”，故此处表示该邮局兼作博物馆。double as表示“兼作”，故选C项。]
5．C [根据下文“they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the
place and caring for the thousands of tourists”可知，此处表示员工各司其职，故选C项。]
6．B [根据上文“a nearly 80-year-old British-owned”和空前“preserving”可知，空处表示有历史意义的地方。故选B项。]
7．D [根据空前的“also”可知，本空应与前面的“responsible for”在含义上接近，故用in charge of表示“负责”，故选D项。]
8．B [根据前文“there's not much time for relaxation and rest”可知，这份工作没有多少时间放松和休息，再结合“Still”可知，它仍然很抢手，故选B项。]
9．A [根据上文中的“This year，hundreds of people．．．desired job”和下文中的“the 2013－2024 season”可知，此处表示英国南极遗产信托基金每年都会收到大量申请该职位的信件。故选A项。]
10．D [根据空后“both for its history and its scientific significance”可知，求职者们是被它的历史和科学意义吸引。故选D项。]
11．A [根据前文“Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying”可知，该职位很抢手，但是露西·多尔曼申请成功了，再结合下文中的“I really love”可知，此处表示对她来说，获得这个职位很让她开心。故选A项。]
12．A [根据前文“a real sense of community”和下文中的“you can't get away from each other very easily”可知，此处表示你得与人和睦相处，故选A项。]
13．D [根据前文“a real sense of community”和上文中的“you can't get away from each other very easily”可知，此处表示露西·多尔曼喜欢那种和睦相处，故选D项。]
14．B [根据空前的“what you can achieve here”和下文中的“The total experience offers．．．your function on the planet．”可知，此处表示你在这里获得的东西很有益。故选B项。]
15．C [根据空前“offers both a different”及空后的“a new viewpoint”可知，空处应与“a new viewpoint”相对应，表示对世界的不同看法，故选C项。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了竹子悠久的种植和使用历史、广泛的科技应用和在中国文化中的寓意。
1．musical [考查形容词。句意：它被用于食物、衣服、住房、交通、乐器甚至武器。分析句子可知，空处作定语，修饰instruments，因此应用music的形容词形式musical，意为“音乐的”，与instruments搭配表示“乐器”。故填musical。]
2．led [考查时态。句意：公元前256年，四川的李冰带领当地人民建造都江堰，这是世界上第一个灌溉系统，竹子在其中发挥了重要作用。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语In 256 BC可知，时态应用一般过去时，因此应用lead的过去式。故填led。]
3．an [考查冠词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且important的发音以元音音素开头，因此应用an。故填an。]
4．successfully [考查副词。句意：汉代时，四川人用粗竹绳成功地挖了一口1 600米深的井。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词sank，successful的副词形式successfully符合题意，意为“成功地”。故填successfully。]
5．ropes [考查名词的数。句意同上。分析句子可知，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，因此空处应用可数名词rope的复数形式。故填ropes。]
6．that [考查强调句。句意：这项技术直到19世纪才传到欧洲，正是利用这项技术，美国人于1859年在宾夕法尼亚州钻出了第一口油井。去掉it was和空处后，句意仍完整，由此可知，此处用了强调句型“it be＋被强调部分＋that/who．．．”，被强调部分为by using the technology，因此空处应用that。故填that。]
7．as [考查介词。句意：在中国文化中，竹子被誉为植物中的“四君子”之一。根据“is well known”和“one of the ‘four gentlemen’ in plants”可推知，此处用固定短语be well known as，意为“作为……而闻名”，因此空处应用介词as构成该短语。故填as。]
8．related [考查形容词。句意：它总是与积极向上的人密切相连。分析句子可知，空处作表语，relate的形容词形式related符合题意，意为“相关的，有联系的”，构成固定短语be related to。故填related。]
9．who/that [考查定语从句。句意：竹文化有助于鼓励积极勇敢的人在面对困境时坚持下去。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。]
10．facing [考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据“when”可推知，此处用“when＋非谓语动词”的固定结构作时间状语，face“面对”和people是主动关系，因此应用face的动词-ing形式。故填facing。]
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