(共33张PPT)
Period ４
UNIT 3 THE INTERNET
主题语境
人与社会 —— 科技发展与信息技术创新
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Discovering Useful Structures)
现在完成时的被动语态
一、现在完成时的被动语态的形式
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done
一般疑问式 Have/Has (not)＋主语＋been done？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has (not)＋主语＋been done？
A new network has been set up．
一个新的网络已经被建立起来了。
To Tom's disappointment，his novel has not been published．
让汤姆失望的是，他的小说还没有被出版。
Has his bike been repaired
他的自行车修好了吗？
How many residents have been invited to the conference
有多少居民接到了参会邀请？
[即时训练1] 句型转换
The children have already been told the good news．
①将上面的句子变为否定句。
___________________________________________________________
②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。
___________________________________________________________
③将上面的句子对the children进行提问。
___________________________________________________________
The children haven't been told the good news yet.
Have the children been told the good news yet
Who have been told the good news
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
I have been told the sports meet will be put off．
我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。(结果：现在我已经知道运动会要被推迟。)
All the preparations for the task have been done，and we're ready to start．
这项任务的一切准备都已就绪，我们准备好要开始了。(影响：我们现已具备开始的条件。)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。
The machine has been repaired for two hours．
这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：2小时前开始修，现在可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修。)
She hasn't been heard from since then．
从那时候起，她就没来过信。(hear from是非延续性动词短语，用在否定句中，后可跟表一段时间的状语。)
[名师点津] 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：
already 已经 recently/lately 最近
yet 已经；还 since then 从那时起
ever 曾经 ever since自那以来
by now 到现在为止
in recent years 在最近几年里
so far/up to now/till now/until now 迄今为止
in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里
3．在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
I will go home when my homework has been finished．
当我的家庭作业已被完成时我就回家。(将来某时处于被完成的状态。)
[即时训练2] 用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
①They have built many houses in the village in the past few years．
→Many houses _____________ in the village in the past few years．
②We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years．
→Many trees _______________ on the hill in the last 5 years．
have been built
have been planted
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意的问题
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was opened to the public last year．
这个公园去年向公众开放。(说明动作发生在过去。)
The park has been opened to the public．
这个公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经向公众开放了。)
2．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时间状语。
The work was finished two weeks ago．
这项工作于两周前被完成。
The work has been finished．
这项工作已经被完成。
3．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the problem has been looked into．
据说这个问题已经被调查过了。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
Since the 1970s，we have found many new applications．
→Since the 1970s，many new applications have been found by us．
自20世纪70年代以来，我们找到了许多新的应用。
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him a lot of cash．
→He has been given a lot of cash by us．
→A lot of cash has been given to him by us．
我们给了他很多现金。
6．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I have told them to take their identity cards．
→They have been told to take their identity cards by me．
我已经告诉他们要带上身份证。
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①So far，the forest fire ____________ (put) out by the professional fire fighters and local volunteers．
②I feel really upset because I ________________ (catch) up with by my classmates in all the subjects．
③Have you noticed that the boys _________________ (laugh) at for their foolish mistake by the girls
④To our happiness，all the young trees that we planted last month ______________ (take) good care of．
has been put
have been caught
have been laughed
have been taken
用所给词的正确时态、语态填空
Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao．How nice to see you on the first day of the new
term!
Lin Tao：Yes．Nice to see you again．
Li Ming：I know that your parents 1．________________ (work) in Yushu
for years．Can you tell me something there afterthe earthquake
Lin Tao：Of course．Since the earthquake 2．_________ (happen)，many
soldiers 3．_____________ (send) there，and many kinds of
have been working
happened
have been sent
supplies(物资供应) 4．_______________ (carry) there from
all over the country．Now，most people there 5．________
_______ (live) a happy life again．
Li Ming：How about the schools there
Lin Tao：Several new schools 6．___________ (set) up and also some
schools that 7．____________ (damage) in the earthquake
8．______________ (rebuild)．So all the students can go
back to school to study now．
have been carried
live/are
have been set
were damaged
have been rebuilt
living
Li Ming：That's wonderful．I'm sure their life will be better and better.
When will your parents come back
Lin Tao：They will be back next month．
课下预习 第二篇课文(Reading for Writing)
①blog n．博客 vi．写博客
blog about写一篇关于……的博文
②stay safe online在网上保持安全
③avoid bad experiences避免糟糕的经历
④blogger n．博客作者；博主
as a blogger作为博主
⑤first of all首先
⑥feel uncomfortable感到不舒服
⑦post comments发表评论
⑧click vt．&vi．点击
click on点击
⑨privacy n．隐私；私密
protect your privacy保护你的隐私
⑩give out透露
theft n．偷(窃)；盗窃罪
identity theft身份盗用
rude adj．粗鲁的；无礼的
target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt．把……作为攻击目标
become a target for成为……的目标
troll n．发挑衅帖子的人；恶意挑衅的帖子
cyberbully n．网霸 vt．&vi．网络欺凌
false adj．假的；错误的
be directed at针对……
particular adj．特定的；特别的；讲究的
particular people特定的人
embarrassing adj．让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的
post embarrassing photos发布令人尴尬的照片
be attacked受到攻击
some good advice一些好的建议
stay safe保持安全
have problems in在……方面有问题
mean comments刻薄的评论
make trouble制造麻烦
a photo of her她的一张照片
make fun of取笑；戏弄
at first起初
upset adj．心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt．(upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
be very upset很难过，
______________
Today I thought I'd blog① about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online② and avoid bad experiences③ on the Internet [1] I'm not an expert，but many years as a blogger④ have taught me a thing or two．
[1]句中I thought后是省略了that的宾语从句，其中that...many times为定语从句，修饰先行词a question，破折号后的句子是对名词question的详细说明。
First of all⑤，there's the golden rule of the Internet: If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable⑥，leave the site immediately．[2] Don't post comments⑦ or click⑧ on anything．
Second，protect your privacy⑨．Don't give out⑩ your address or phone number．Someone might use the information to steal your identity．Identity theft is a common and serious problem．Third，be polite．Being online is no excuse for being rude ，and you don't want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully ．[3] A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble
online．[4] Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site．[5] A cyberbully uses the Internet to be mean to others．Like a troll，a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular people．He or she may also post embarrassing photos and information about those people．However
the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked ．[6]
[2]句中if引导条件状语从句，其中that...feel uncomfortable为定语从句，修饰先行词something。
[3]句中动词-ing形式短语being online作主语，being rude作介词for的宾语。
[4]句中who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词a person，in order to stir up trouble online为目的状语。
[5]句中so that 引导目的状语从句。
[6]本句是“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”句型。
Have you had any bad experiences online，or do you have some good advice for staying safe ？ Post your comments below!
Boy579
Last year，we were having problems in our chat room．Mean comments were being posted by someone we didn't know．[7] I think he or she was only trying to make trouble ．[8]
[7]句中we didn't know是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词someone。
[8]I think后是省略that的宾语从句。
Amy
A girl at my school had a very bad experience online．A photo of her had been posted online and she was being made fun of ．It seemed like a joke at first ，but the girl was very upset ．
___________
今天，我想我会在博客中谈论一个已被问过很多次的问题——你如何确保上网安全并避免互联网上的不好的经历？我不是专家，但多年作为博主的经验教会了我一些东西。
首先，互联网的黄金法则是：如果你看到或读到一些让你不舒服的内容，请立即离开这个网站。不要发表评论或点击任何内容。其次，保护你的隐私。不要透露你的地址或电话号码。或许有人会利用这些信息来窃取你的身份。身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。
第三，要有礼貌。上网并非无礼的借口，你也不想成为发挑衅帖子者或网络欺凌的目标。发挑衅帖子者是指为了在网上惹祸而发表评论或提问的人。发挑衅帖子者经常使用好几个假名，以便他们可以留在网站上。网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。就像发挑衅帖子者一样，网络恶霸也会写一些刻薄的内容，但通常是针对特定的人。他/她还可能发布令人尴尬的照片和有关那些人的信息。然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
你在网上有过任何不好的经历吗？或者对于保持安全性有一些好的建议吗？请在下面发表你的评论！
男孩579
去年，我们的聊天室出了点问题。有我们不认识的人在上面发布刻薄的评论。我认为他/她只是在制造麻烦。
艾米
我学校的一个女孩在网上有过一段很糟糕的经历。她的照片被传到网上，她还被取笑了。起初看起来像是在开玩笑，但那个女孩很沮丧。
THANKSPeriod 4 单元语法讲练 (Discovering Useful Structures)
现在完成时的被动语态
一、现在完成时的被动语态的形式
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done
一般疑问式 Have/Has (not)＋主语＋been done？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has (not)＋主语＋been done？
A new network has been set up．
一个新的网络已经被建立起来了。
To Tom's disappointment，his novel has not been published．
让汤姆失望的是，他的小说还没有被出版。
Has his bike been repaired
他的自行车修好了吗？
How many residents have been invited to the conference
有多少居民接到了参会邀请？
[即时训练1] 句型转换
The children have already been told the good news．
①将上面的句子变为否定句。
②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。
③将上面的句子对the children进行提问。
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
I have been told the sports meet will be put off．
我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。 (结果：现在我已经知道运动会要被推迟。)
All the preparations for the task have been done，and we're ready to start．
这项任务的一切准备都已就绪，我们准备好要开始了。 (影响：我们现已具备开始的条件。)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。
The machine has been repaired for two hours．
这台机器已被修了两小时了。 (持续：2小时前开始修，现在可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修。)
She hasn't been heard from since then．
从那时候起，她就没来过信。 (hear from是非延续性动词短语，用在否定句中，后可跟表一段时间的状语。)
[名师点津] 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：
already 已经 recently/lately 最近
yet 已经；还 since then 从那时起
ever 曾经 ever since自那以来
by now 到现在为止
in recent years 在最近几年里
so far/up to now/till now/until now 迄今为止
in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里
3．在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
I will go home when my homework has been finished．
当我的家庭作业已被完成时我就回家。 (将来某时处于被完成的状态。)
[即时训练2] 用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
①They have built many houses in the village in the past few years．
→Many houses in the village in the past few years．
②We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years．
→Many trees on the hill in the last 5 years．
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意的问题
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was opened to the public last year．
这个公园去年向公众开放。 (说明动作发生在过去。)
The park has been opened to the public．
这个公园已向公众开放。 (说明动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经向公众开放了。)
2．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时间状语。
The work was finished two weeks ago．
这项工作于两周前被完成。
The work has been finished．
这项工作已经被完成。
3．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the problem has been looked into．
据说这个问题已经被调查过了。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
Since the 1970s，we have found many new applications．
→Since the 1970s，many new applications have been found by us．
自20世纪70年代以来，我们找到了许多新的应用。
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him a lot of cash．
→He has been given a lot of cash by us．
→A lot of cash has been given to him by us．
我们给了他很多现金。
6．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
I have told them to take their identity cards．
→They have been told to take their identity cards by me．
我已经告诉他们要带上身份证。
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①So far，the forest fire (put) out by the professional fire fighters and local volunteers．
②I feel really upset because I (catch) up with by my classmates in all the subjects．
③Have you noticed that the boys (laugh) at for their foolish mistake by the girls
④To our happiness，all the young trees that we planted last month (take) good care of．
用所给词的正确时态、语态填空
Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao．How nice to see you on the first day of the new term!
Lin Tao：Yes．Nice to see you again．
Li Ming：I know that your parents 1． (work) in Yushu for years．Can you tell me something there after the earthquake
Lin Tao：Of course．Since the earthquake 2． (happen)，many soldiers 3． (send) there，and many kinds of supplies (物资供应) 4． (carry) there from all over the country．Now，most people there 5． (live) a happy life again．
Li Ming：How about the schools there
Lin Tao：Several new schools 6． (set) up and also some schools that 7． (damage) in the earthquake 8． (rebuild)．So all the students can go back to school to study now．
Li Ming：That's wonderful．I'm sure their life will be better and better．When will your parents come back
Lin Tao：They will be back next month．
第二篇课文 (Reading for Writing)
①blog n．博客 vi．写博客
blog about写一篇关于……的博文
②stay safe online在网上保持安全
③avoid bad experiences避免糟糕的经历
④blogger n．博客作者；博主
as a blogger作为博主
⑤first of all首先
⑥feel uncomfortable感到不舒服
⑦post comments发表评论
⑧click vt．&vi．点击
click on点击
⑨privacy n．隐私；私密
protect your privacy保护你的隐私
⑩give out透露
theft n．偷 (窃)；盗窃罪
identity theft身份盗用
rude adj．粗鲁的；无礼的
target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt．把……作为攻击目标
become a target for成为……的目标
troll n．发挑衅帖子的人；恶意挑衅的帖子
cyberbully n．网霸 vt．&vi．网络欺凌
false adj．假的；错误的
be directed at针对……
particular adj．特定的；特别的；讲究的
particular people特定的人
embarrassing adj．让人难堪 (尴尬；害羞)的
post embarrassing photos发布令人尴尬的照片
be attacked受到攻击
some good advice一些好的建议
stay safe保持安全
have problems in在……方面有问题
mean comments刻薄的评论
make trouble制造麻烦
a photo of her她的一张照片
make fun of取笑；戏弄
at first起初
upset adj．心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt． (upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
be very upset很难过
_________________
Today I thought I'd blog① about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online② and avoid bad experiences③ on the Internet [1] I'm not an expert，but many years as a blogger④ have taught me a thing or two．
[1]句中I thought后是省略了that的宾语从句，其中that... many times为定语从句，修饰先行词a question，破折号后的句子是对名词question的详细说明。
First of all⑤，there's the golden rule of the Internet: If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable⑥，leave the site immediately．[2] Don't post comments⑦ or click⑧ on anything．Second，protect your privacy⑨．Don't give out⑩ your address or phone number．Someone might use the information to steal your identity．Identity theft is a common and serious problem．Third，be polite．Being online is no excuse for being rude ，and you don't want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully ．[3] A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online．[4] Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site．[5] A cyberbully uses the Internet to be mean to others．Like a troll，a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular people．He or she may also post embarrassing photos and information about those people．However，the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked ．[6]
[2]句中if引导条件状语从句，其中that... feel uncomfortable为定语从句，修饰先行词something。
[3]句中动词 ing形式短语being online作主语，being rude作介词for的宾语。
[4]句中who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词a person，in order to stir up trouble online为目的状语。
[5]句中so that 引导目的状语从句。
[6]本句是“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”句型。
Have you had any bad experiences online，or do you have some good advice for staying safe ？ Post your comments below!
Boy579
Last year，we were having problems in our chat room．Mean comments were being posted by someone we didn't know．[7] I think he or she was only trying to make trouble ．[8]
[7]句中we didn't know是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词someone。
[8]I think后是省略that的宾语从句。
Amy
A girl at my school had a very bad experience online．A photo of her had been posted online and she was being made fun of ．It seemed like a joke at first ，but the girl was very upset ．
_________
今天，我想我会在博客中谈论一个已被问过很多次的问题——你如何确保上网安全并避免互联网上的不好的经历？我不是专家，但多年作为博主的经验教会了我一些东西。
首先，互联网的黄金法则是：如果你看到或读到一些让你不舒服的内容，请立即离开这个网站。不要发表评论或点击任何内容。其次，保护你的隐私。不要透露你的地址或电话号码。或许有人会利用这些信息来窃取你的身份。身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。第三，要有礼貌。上网并非无礼的借口，你也不想成为发挑衅帖子者或网络欺凌的目标。发挑衅帖子者是指为了在网上惹祸而发表评论或提问的人。发挑衅帖子者经常使用好几个假名，以便他们可以留在网站上。网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。就像发挑衅帖子者一样，网络恶霸也会写一些刻薄的内容，但通常是针对特定的人。他/她还可能发布令人尴尬的照片和有关那些人的信息。然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
你在网上有过任何不好的经历吗？或者对于保持安全性有一些好的建议吗？请在下面发表你的评论！
男孩579
去年，我们的聊天室出了点问题。有我们不认识的人在上面发布刻薄的评论。我认为他/她只是在制造麻烦。
艾米
我学校的一个女孩在网上有过一段很糟糕的经历。她的照片被传到网上，她还被取笑了。起初看起来像是在开玩笑，但那个女孩很沮丧。
Period 4
单元语法
即时训练1
①The children haven't been told the good news yet．
②Have the children been told the good news yet
③Who have been told the good news
即时训练2
①have been built ②have been planted
即时训练3
①has been put ②have been caught ③have been laughed ④have been taken
巩固落实
1．have been working 2．happened 3．have been sent 4．have been carried 5．live/are living 6．have been set 7．were damaged 8．have been rebuilt课时分层作业(八)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The machine starts the moment the button is (按下)．
2．Does the bank charge a fee for setting up the (账户)
3．Personally，I don't think the (作用) of homework can be ignored．
4．I bought a pair of sneakers at a 30% (折扣)，which was cheaper than expected．
5．I would appreciate it if you could (确认) your participation at your earliest convenience．
Ⅱ．选词填空
keep．．．in mind,now that，in shape，keep．．．company，make fun of
1．The longer you have been in the past,the quicker you will regain fitness after a serious disease．
2．Maybe you are afraid that your classmates will your accent．
3．I hope all of you that traffic safety is of great importance．
4．Though Bob is very busy,he spares some time every week to his parents ．
5． the problem has been solved,don't be so upset and let's do something relaxing．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
Nowadays,taking no notice of protecting the environment leads to problems including global warming．While discussing the matter of going green with my daughter,I remembered the daily practices in most households in India．What we did was actually helping our environment and also protecting our resources．We did all this naturally,without even realizing its importance．
We preferred reusing pens in the past．We used to have ballpoints used again and again by changing the refills and we also used ink pens,which were refreshed now and then by filling ink in them when required．There was no such thing as a use-and-throw pen．We loved the process of cleaning the writing instruments．However,today,plastic pens that do not last long are ruling the stationery stores(文具店)．
We recycled and reused newspapers without really thinking twice about it．Newspapers were kept carefully during those days because they were important materials used for packing and storing things．Today plastic bags have become important．These materials pollute our land and water and prevent all conservation(保护) efforts．
Public transport was a common thing in the old days and it was so much fun．Nowadays,many people seem not to have the patience to take public transport and some people even consider it too silly for them．A lot of people go by car every day and pollute the environment,thinking it makes them look cool．Vehicular(车辆的) pollution in cities is the biggest contributor to environmental problems．
I am not against the usage of modern technology．In fact,it has helped make our life easier．While we can use technology to go green instead of polluting the environment,we should also go back to a few old traditions that are eco-friendly．
1．How many daily practices are mentioned in the text
A．One． B．Two．
C．Three． D．Four．
2．Which of the following may the author advise us to do
A．Use plastic bags．
B．Go to school by bus．
C．Use use-and-throw pens．
D．Throw old newspapers away．
3．What does the author want to do in the last paragraph
A．Summarize the above paragraphs．
B．Add some background information．
C．Introduce a new topic for discussion．
D．Show some reasons to the readers．
4．What may be the best title for the text
A．Follow Old Traditions
B．Go Green Then and Now
C．The Environment Is Worsening
D．Modern Technology Is Harmful
Ⅳ．完形填空
My brother Henry and I were driving home when he took a wrong turn．The wrong turn took us towards a 1 and we had no way to turn back． 2 ， my brother paid the toll(通行费) and drove on．He was clearly 3 by the mistake．
We finally found a(n) 4 and,as we took it,my brother noticed a black car 5 to the side of the road．A young man holding a mobile phone was standing nearby,trying to 6 someone．My brother stopped to ask the man if he needed 7 ．
And he did．He had a 8 tire．With a wrench(扳手),my brother started to help him 9 the tire．The young man said that this had been a 10 week for him; earlier a minor car accident,and now this flat tire．But he called us “A breath of fresh air” and kept 11 us and tried to give $20 to us．“No，” my brother said．“We were never 12 to even get on that bridge．We took a wrong turn and met you．Thank you for turning our mistake into a 13 to serve．”
I watched my brother through the whole 14 ．He was able to turn his anger for the mistake into 15 energy．He was able to see a chance to help in a negative situation．
1．A．bridge B．road
C．street D．tower
2．A．Undoubtedly B．Unluckily
C．Unexpectedly D．Unwillingly
3．A．amused B．shocked
C．upset D．pleased
4．A．exit B．man
C．car D．sign
5．A．speeded up B．pulled over
C．went out D．passed by
6．A．greet B．impress
C．fight D．call
7．A．advice B．help
C．food D．water
8．A．wrong B．dirty
C．small D．flat
9．A．change B．roll
C．pick D．buy
10．A．busy B．great
C．bad D．strange
11．A．following B．thanking
C．refusing D．admiring
12．A．required B．asked
C．allowed D．meant
13．A．chance B．plan
C．dream D．duty
14．A．project B．turn
C．process D．speech
15．A．brave B．positive
C．right D．different
Ⅴ．语法填空
The Double Seventh Festival or Qixi Festival known as Chinese Valentine's Day falls on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month．For girls,Qixi has another 1． (mean),because it is time of a year to pray to Goddess Zhinv for ingenuity (聪明才智)．That's the start of 2． (it) another name,Qiqiao Festival．The festival 3． (celebrate) since the Han Dynasty．It is 4． day full of exciting moments because of an ancient love story in China about Niulang and Zhinv．There are different kinds of 5． (interest) activities on that romantic day．Traditionally,the festival was very popular among young girls．They wore traditional Chinese clothes 6． (ask) for ingenuity．Some people showed respect for the Moon,prayed to Zhinv for Skillful Hands and ate Qiaoguo．Now people 7． (usual) celebrate Chinese Valentine's Day by giving 8． (flower),chocolates,and other presents to their sweethearts,instead 9． doing the traditional customs．Although the Western Valentine's Day on Feb．14 has been popular in China for years,Chinese people attach more importance to Qixi,their own Valentine's Day,10． is a valuable opportunity to rebuild the connection with the cultural root and keep the tradition alive．
课时分层作业(八)
Ⅰ．1．pressed 2．account 3．function 4．discount 5．confirm
Ⅱ．1．in shape 2．make fun of 3．keep in mind 4．keep；company 5．Now that
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
C B A B
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A D C A B D B D
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A C B D A C B
Ⅴ．1．meaning 2．its 3．has been celebrated 4．a 5．interesting 6．to ask 7．usually 8．flowers 9．of 10．which
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章认为，无论是过去还是现在，人们都应该保护环境，并且人们应该重新采用一些传统的环保方式。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“We preferred reusing pens in the past．” 第三段第一句“We recycled and reused newspapers without really thinking twice about it．”以及第四段第一句“Public transport was a common thing in the old days and it was so much fun．”可知，文中提到了三个日常习惯。故选C。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Public transport was a common thing in the old days and it was so much fun”“A lot of people go by car every day and pollute the environment，thinking it makes them look cool．Vehicular pollution in cities is the biggest contributor to environmental problems．”可知，作者可能会建议我们乘公共汽车上学。故选B。]
3．A [推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文第一段引出话题，接下来的三段列举了三个例子，最后一段作者讲，虽然我们可以使用技术来保护环境而不是污染环境，但我们也应该重新采用一些传统的环保方式，由此可推知，最后一段的作用是总结全文。故选A。]
4．B [标题归纳题。根据第一段的内容以及最后一段中的“While we can use technology to go green instead of polluting the environment，we should also go back to a few old traditions that are eco-friendly．”可知，B项“Go Green Then and Now(过去和现在都要大力保护自然环境)”为最佳标题。故选B。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和哥哥因为一次错误的转弯而帮助了一个年轻人的故事。
1．A [根据下文“We were never to even get on that bridge．We took a wrong turn and met you．”可知，此处是信息词 bridge的词汇复现。故选A。]
2．D [根据上文“The wrong turn took us towards a and we had no way to turn back．”可知，哥哥因为走错路要支付过路费，因此是不情愿地。故选D。]
3．C [根据“by the mistake”可知，哥哥因为自己的错误感到沮丧。故选 C。]
4．A [根据上文可知，他们的车不得不在一座桥上行驶，不能折返。最后终于发现了一条可以下桥的路。故选A。]
5．B [根据下文“A young man holding a mobile phone was standing nearby，trying to someone．”以及“He had a tire．”可知，轮胎瘪了，车停在路边。故选B。]
6．D [根据上文“A young man holding a mobile phone was standing nearby”可知，这个年轻人在打电话。故选D。]
7．B [根据下文“With a wrench，my brother started to help him the tire．”可知，哥哥问他是否需要帮助。故选B。]
8．D [根据下文“and now this flat tire”可知，轮胎瘪了。故选D。]
9．A [根据上文“He had a tire．”可知，此处表示帮忙更换轮胎。故选A。]
10．C [根据“earlier a minor car accident，and now this flat tire”可知，这位年轻人抱怨这周过得很糟糕。故选C。]
11．B [根据上文“With a wrench，my brother started to help him the tire．”可知，年轻人对哥哥提供的帮助表示感谢。故选B。]
12．D [根据上文可知，是因一个错误的转弯作者和哥哥才上了那座桥，所以他们本来不会上那座桥，也就不会有机会来帮助这位年轻人。故选D。]
13．A [根据“Thank you for turning our mistake into”可知，此处指把错误变成了帮助别人的机会，下文“He was able to see a chance to help in a negative situation．”中的“chance”也是提示。故选A。]
14．C [根据下文“He was able to see a chance to help in a negative situation．”可知，作者看着哥哥把对错误的愤怒转化成帮助别人的整个过程。故选C。]
15．B [根据上文“Thank you for turning our mistake into a to serve．”可知，哥哥很积极乐观。故选B。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统节日——七夕节，包括该节日的习俗和活动。
1．meaning [考查名词。句意：对于女孩来说，七夕还有另一个含义，因为这是一年中向织女祈求智慧的时候。作has的宾语，应用名词meaning，another后跟单数名词。故填meaning。]
2．its [考查代词。句意：这就是它的另一个名字——乞巧节的由来。修饰名词name应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。]
3．has been celebrated [考查时态语态。句意：这个节日从汉代就开始庆祝了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文“since the Han Dynasty”可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为festival，助动词用has。故填has been celebrated。]
4．a [考查冠词。句意：这一天充满了激动人心的时刻，因为中国有一个关于牛郎和织女的古老爱情故事。day为可数名词，此处为泛指“一天”且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]
5．interesting [考查形容词。句意：在那个浪漫的日子里有各种各样有趣的活动。修饰后文名词应用形容词interesting，作定语。故填interesting。]
6．to ask [考查非谓语动词。句意：他们穿着传统的中国服装，去祈求智慧。分析句子结构可知ask在句中作目的状语应用不定式。故填to ask。]
7．usually [考查副词。句意：现在人们通常通过送花、巧克力和其他礼物给他们的爱人来庆祝七夕节，而不是按照传统习俗。修饰动词celebrate应用副词usually，作状语。故填usually。]
8．flowers [考查名词的数。句意：现在人们通常通过送花、巧克力和其他礼物给他们的爱人来庆祝七夕节，而不是按照传统习俗。flower为可数名词，结合后文chocolates，and other presents可知应用复数形式。故填flowers。]
9．of [考查介词。句意：现在人们通常通过送花、巧克力和其他礼物给他们的爱人来庆祝七夕节，而不是按照传统习俗。表示“而不是”短语为instead of。故填of。]
10．which [考查定语从句。句意：尽管2月14日的西方情人节在中国已经流行多年，但中国人更重视七夕，这是他们自己的情人节，这是一个重建与文化根源联系并保持传统活力的宝贵机会。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Qixi，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。]
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