(共37张PPT)
Period ４
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
主题语境
人与社会 —— 历史事件
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Discovering Useful Structures)
(1)charge sb．for sth． 为……向某人收取费用
charge sb．with (doing) sth． 控告某人(做)某事
(2)take charge of 掌管/负责……
in charge 负责；主管
in charge of 控制/管理……
in the charge of 受……的管理；由……负责
free of charge＝for free 免费
1．charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt．收费；控告；充电
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
① Officially he is __ charge，but in fact his secretary does all the
work．
②如果你买这台机器，我们将免费送货。
If you buy this machine，the delivery ____________________．
③我想知道你六周的课程要收多少钱。
I wonder how much you will ____________________________．
in
is/will be free of charge
charge us for the six-week course
2．announce vt．宣布；通知；声称
(1)announce sth．to sb．＝announce to sb．sth．
向某人宣布某事
It is/was announced that... 据宣布……
(2)announcement n． 通知；通告
make an announcement 发布一则通告或通知
[名师点津] announce后不接双宾语，常用于announce sth．to sb．结构，用法类似的动词还有suggest，explain等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Please announce __ students that the holidays will begin next Monday．
②One of the chief leaders is making an important ____________
(announce) at the moment．
③我宣布成人礼将在下周天上午九点举行，并将持续三个小时。
___________________________________ the coming-of-age ceremony will be held at 9 a．m．next Sunday and will last three hours．
to
announcement
I announce/make an announcement that
3．amount n．金额；数量 v．共计，总计
(1)the amount of... ……的数量
a large/small amount of＋名词[U]＋谓语动词(单数形式)
large/small amounts of＋名词[U]＋谓语动词(复数形式)
(2)amount to 共计，总计；等于，相当于
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Large amounts of money _________ (spend) on the bridge last year．
②It's estimated that the cost amounts __ 10，000 dollars．
③_________________________________________ last year (用a large amount of改写句①)
were spent
to
A large amount of money was spent on the bridge
4．approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt．接近；接洽；着手处理 vi．靠近
(1)an approach to... ……的方法/途径 (to是介词)
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
(2)approach sb．/sth． 靠近/接近某人/某物
be approaching 正在接近；将要来临
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①___ the approach of the cinema，he stopped and waited for his friends．
②All the approaches __ the airport were blocked by the police yesterday．
③随着教师节的临近，我们班决定举行一场晚会来庆祝。
a．As ______________________________，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate it．
b．With _______________________，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate it．
At
to
Teachers' Day was approaching
Teachers' Day approaching
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
一、过去分词作定语
1．意义
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成，或者只表示被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river(已经被污染)
一条被污染的河流
books written by Lu Xun(已经被写)
鲁迅写的书
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
fallen leaves(已经落下)
落叶
the risen sun(已经升起)
升起的太阳
2．位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
A watched pot never boils．
[谚语]心急锅不开。
You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless it is based on facts．
＝You cannot accept an opinion which is offered to you unless it is based on facts．
你不能(随便)接受别人给你的意见，除非它是以事实为根据的。
3．与动词-ing形式作定语的区别
动词-ing形式作定语表主动或进行；而过去分词作定语时，表被动或完成。
Do you know the boy standing over there？(standing表示主动和进行)
你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗？
The bridge built in 2013 was designed by a local company．(built表示被动和完成)
2013年建造的这座大桥是由当地一家公司设计的。
4．与动词-ing形式的被动式(being done)和动词不定式的被动式(to be done)作定语的区别
The meeting held yesterday is very important．(held表示已经完成的被动动作)
昨天开的会很重要。
All the members of the team have attended the meeting being held．(being held表示正在进行的被动动作)
这个队所有的队员都出席了正在举行的会议。
It is said that there is a meeting to be held in the hall tomorrow．(to be held表示将要发生的被动动作)
据说明天这个大厅有个会议要举行
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①The trees _____ (blow)down in the storm have been moved off the road．
②The room is empty except for a bookshelf ________ (stand) in one corner．
③Tsinghua University，_______ (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures．
④There will be a meeting in half an hour．The problem _____________
(discuss) in it is really important．
blown
standing
founded
to be discussed
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语时，过去分词与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
1．几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see，watch，observe，find，look at，hear，listen to，feel，notice，think等。
I heard the song sung in English．
我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。
When we got to school，we saw the door locked．
当我们到学校时，看见门锁着。
(2)表示“致使”意义的动词，如have，make，get，keep，leave等。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English．
他们用了很简单的英语以使别人听懂。
Don't leave those things undone．
要把那些事情做完。
(3)表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like，want，wish，order等。
The teacher doesn't wish such questions (to be) discussed in class．
老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。
The boss ordered the plan carried out as soon as possible．
老板命令计划尽可能快地被执行。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①I saw an old man _______ (knock) down by a car．
②I'd like the job ____ (do) when I come back from the journey．
③The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself _____ (hear)．
knocked
done
heard
2．“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作宾语补足语，这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因、伴随等状语。
With water heated，we can see the steam．
水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。
She stood in front of him，with her eyes fixed on his face．
她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①An old man was brought in，with his hands ____ (tie) behind his back．
②With all the work ____ (do)，I feel very relaxed now．
tied
done
3．过去分词/动词-ing形式/动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
(1)感官动词后接复合宾语的比较
感官动词(短语)(一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；四看：see，notice，observe，watch)的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较：
I heard her sing an English song just now．(已经完成的主动动作)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday．(正在进行的主动动作)
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible．(无时间性的被动)
为了学好英语，我们应该寻找机会并尽可能多地听别人说英语。
(2)使役动词make，have，get，keep，let后加复合宾语的比较(以make为例)
He made his workers work 12 hours a day．(主动)
他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。
He tried to make himself understood．(被动)
他尽量使自己被理解。
(3)with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较
with
John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it．
约翰收到一个晚餐邀请，而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly elected president is having a hard time．
因为有很多难题要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。
[即时训练4] 单句语法填空
①Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car _______
(wash)．
②The boy made the baby _____ (laugh) by making a face at him．
③She fell asleep with the light _______ (burn)．
④With the problem ______ (solve)，the quality has been improved．
⑤He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself _______ (notice)．
washed
laugh
burning
solved
noticed
用所给动词的适当形式填空
The Amber Room 1．__________ (give) this name because several tons of amber 2．_________ (use) to make it．The 3．________ (select) amber had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey．The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days．It was also a treasure 4．_________ (decorate) with gold and jewels，which 5．____
(take) the country's best artists about ten years 6．________ (make)．
was given
were used
selected
decorated
took
to make
Later，Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room 7．_______ (move) to a palace outside St．Petersburg where she spent her summers．Sadly，the Amber Room，8．__________ (consider) one of the wonders of the world，is now missing．
moved
considered
课下预习 第二篇课文(Reading for Writing)
①have a great influence on对……有巨大的影响
②poet n．诗人
great writers and poets伟大的作家和诗人
③offer...for为……提供……
④county n．(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县
many green counties许多绿色的郡
⑤feast n．盛宴；宴会；节日
a true feast for the eyes一场名副其实的视觉盛宴
⑥roll vi．& vt．(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n．卷(轴)；翻滚
⑦dot n．点；小(圆)点 vt．加点；遍布
be dotted with点缀……
⑧cattle n．牛
⑨roar vi．& n．吼叫；咆哮
⑩ocean n．大海；海洋
scent n．气味；气息
greet vt．问候；迎接
greet the new day迎接新的一天
pub n．酒吧；酒馆
a village pub一家乡村酒吧
wine n．葡萄酒；果酒
a glass of wine一杯葡萄酒
beer n．(一杯)啤酒
a local beer一杯当地啤酒
better yet更好的是
stew n．炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)
vt．& vi．炖；煨
Irish Beef Stew爱尔兰炖牛肉
introduce oneself to向……做自我介绍
be likely to do...可能做……
custom n．风俗；习俗；习惯
BEAUTIFUL IRELAND AND ITS TRADITIONS
Ireland's beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on① its people and traditions．The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets②．[1] Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for③ each of the senses．[2] The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle”and its many green counties④ is a true feast⑤ for the eyes，with its rolling⑥ green hills dotted⑦ with sheep and cattle⑧．[3] And down by the sea，the roar⑨ of the ocean⑩
waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast．On a quiet morning in the mountains，feel the sun on your skin，and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song．[4] With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing，and dining．[5] To have a chance of experiencing this，stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer ．Better yet ，enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew ．If you're lucky，you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing，too．[6] And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face，you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand．[7]
[1]句中动词-ing形式短语producing great writers and poets作介词of的宾语。
[2]句中动词-ing形式短语offering something for each of the senses作伴随状语。
[3]句中with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle为“with＋名词＋过去分词短语”结构作状语。
[4]句中while为并列连词，连接两个并列分句。
[5]句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句，其中第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词traditions。
[6]句中if引导条件状语从句。
[7]句中if 引导条件状语从句。
美丽的爱尔兰及其传统
一直以来，爱尔兰美丽的乡村对其人民和传统产生着巨大的影响。爱尔兰有着孕育杰出作家和诗人的悠久传统。美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。海边波浪咆哮，海鸟鸣叫，奏响了海岸交响乐。山里宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你身上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，鸟儿用清晨的鸣啭来迎接新一天的到来。这般美景，造就了爱尔兰
音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等独有的民间传统也就不足为奇了。要想体验这一切，可以去一家乡村酒吧，喝上一杯葡萄酒或本地的啤酒放松一下。更为美妙的是，可品尝美味的爱尔兰传统炖牛肉。如果运气好的话，你也许还可以欣赏到传统的音乐和舞蹈。向友善的当地人做个自我介绍，你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。
THANKSPeriod 4 单元语法讲练 (Discovering Useful Structures)
1．charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt．收费；控告；充电
(1)charge sb．for sth． 为……向某人收取费用
charge sb．with (doing) sth． 控告某人 (做)某事
(2)take charge of 掌管/负责……
in charge 负责；主管
in charge of 控制/管理……
in the charge of 受……的管理；由……负责
free of charge＝for free 免费
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
① Officially he is charge，but in fact his secretary does all the work．
②如果你买这台机器，我们将免费送货。
If you buy this machine，the delivery ．
③我想知道你六周的课程要收多少钱。
I wonder how much you will ．
2．announce vt．宣布；通知；声称
(1)announce sth．to sb．＝announce to sb．sth．
向某人宣布某事
It is/was announced that... 据宣布……
(2)announcement n． 通知；通告
make an announcement 发布一则通告或通知
[名师点津] announce后不接双宾语，常用于announce sth．to sb．结构，用法类似的动词还有suggest，explain等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Please announce students that the holidays will begin next Monday．
②One of the chief leaders is making an important (announce) at the moment．
③我宣布成人礼将在下周天上午九点举行，并将持续三个小时。
the coming of age ceremony will be held at 9 a．m．next Sunday and will last three hours．
3．amount n．金额；数量 v．共计，总计
(1)the amount of... ……的数量
a large/small amount of＋名词[U]＋谓语动词 (单数形式)
large/small amounts of＋名词[U]＋谓语动词 (复数形式)
(2)amount to 共计，总计；等于，相当于
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Large amounts of money (spend) on the bridge last year．
②It's estimated that the cost amounts 10，000 dollars．
③ last year． (用a large amount of改写句①)
4．approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt．接近；接洽；着手处理 vi．靠近
(1)an approach to... ……的方法/途径 (to是介词)
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
(2)approach sb．/sth． 靠近/接近某人/某物
be approaching 正在接近；将要来临
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
① the approach of the cinema，he stopped and waited for his friends．
②All the approaches the airport were blocked by the police yesterday．
③随着教师节的临近，我们班决定举行一场晚会来庆祝。
a．As ，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate it．
b．With ，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate it．
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
一、过去分词作定语
1．意义
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成，或者只表示被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river (已经被污染)
一条被污染的河流
books written by Lu Xun (已经被写)
鲁迅写的书
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
fallen leaves (已经落下)
落叶
the risen sun (已经升起)
升起的太阳
2．位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
A watched pot never boils．
[谚语]心急锅不开。
You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless it is based on facts．
＝You cannot accept an opinion which is offered to you unless it is based on facts．
你不能 (随便)接受别人给你的意见，除非它是以事实为根据的。
3．与动词 ing形式作定语的区别
动词 ing形式作定语表主动或进行；而过去分词作定语时，表被动或完成。
Do you know the boy standing over there？ (standing表示主动和进行)
你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗？
The bridge built in 2013 was designed by a local company． (built表示被动和完成)
2013年建造的这座大桥是由当地一家公司设计的。
4．与动词 ing形式的被动式 (being done)和动词不定式的被动式 (to be done)作定语的区别
The meeting held yesterday is very important． (held表示已经完成的被动动作)
昨天开的会很重要。
All the members of the team have attended the meeting being held． (being held表示正在进行的被动动作)
这个队所有的队员都出席了正在举行的会议。
It is said that there is a meeting to be held in the hall tomorrow． (to be held表示将要发生的被动动作)
据说明天这个大厅有个会议要举行。
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①The trees (blow)down in the storm have been moved off the road．
②The room is empty except for a bookshelf (stand) in one corner．
③Tsinghua University， (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures．
④There will be a meeting in half an hour．The problem (discuss) in it is really important．
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语时，过去分词与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
1．几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词 (短语)
(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词 (短语)，如see，watch，observe，find，look at，hear，listen to，feel，notice，think等。
I heard the song sung in English．
我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。
When we got to school，we saw the door locked．
当我们到学校时，看见门锁着。
(2)表示“致使”意义的动词，如have，make，get，keep，leave等。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English．
他们用了很简单的英语以使别人听懂。
Don't leave those things undone．
要把那些事情做完。
(3)表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like，want，wish，order等。
The teacher doesn't wish such questions (to be) discussed in class．
老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。
The boss ordered the plan carried out as soon as possible．
老板命令计划尽可能快地被执行。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①I saw an old man (knock) down by a car．
②I'd like the job (do) when I come back from the journey．
③The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself (hear)．
2．“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作宾语补足语，这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因、伴随等状语。
With water heated，we can see the steam．
水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。
She stood in front of him，with her eyes fixed on his face．
她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①An old man was brought in，with his hands (tie) behind his back．
②With all the work (do)，I feel very relaxed now．
3．过去分词/动词 ing形式/动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
(1)感官动词后接复合宾语的比较
感官动词 (短语) (一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；四看：see，notice，observe，watch)的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较：
I heard her sing an English song just now． (已经完成的主动动作)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday． (正在进行的主动动作)
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible． (无时间性的被动)
为了学好英语，我们应该寻找机会并尽可能多地听别人说英语。
(2)使役动词make，have，get，keep，let后加复合宾语的比较 (以make为例)
He made his workers work 12 hours a day． (主动)
他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。
He tried to make himself understood． (被动)
他尽量使自己被理解。
(3)with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较
with
John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it．
约翰收到一个晚餐邀请，而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly elected president is having a hard time．
因为有很多难题要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。
[即时训练4] 单句语法填空
①Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car (wash)．
②The boy made the baby (laugh) by making a face at him．
③She fell asleep with the light (burn)．
④With the problem (solve)，the quality has been improved．
⑤He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself (notice)．
用所给动词的适当形式填空
The Amber Room 1． (give) this name because several tons of amber 2． (use) to make it．The 3． (select) amber had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey．The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days．It was also a treasure 4． (decorate) with gold and jewels，which 5． (take) the country's best artists about ten years 6． (make)．
Later，Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room 7． (move) to a palace outside St．Petersburg where she spent her summers．Sadly，the Amber Room，8． (consider) one of the wonders of the world，is now missing．
第二篇课文 (Reading for Writing)
①have a great influence on对……有巨大的影响
②poet n．诗人
great writers and poets伟大的作家和诗人
③offer... for为……提供……
④county n． (英国、爱尔兰的)郡； (美国的)县
many green counties许多绿色的郡
⑤feast n．盛宴；宴会；节日
a true feast for the eyes一场名副其实的视觉盛宴
⑥roll vi．& vt． (使)翻滚； (使)滚动 n．卷 (轴)；翻滚
⑦dot n．点；小 (圆)点 vt．加点；遍布
be dotted with点缀……
⑧cattle n．牛
⑨roar vi．& n．吼叫；咆哮
⑩ocean n．大海；海洋
scent n．气味；气息
greet vt．问候；迎接
greet the new day迎接新的一天
pub n．酒吧；酒馆
a village pub一家乡村酒吧
wine n．葡萄酒；果酒
a glass of wine一杯葡萄酒
beer n． (一杯)啤酒
a local beer一杯当地啤酒
better yet更好的是
stew n．炖菜 (有肉和蔬菜) vt．& vi．炖；煨
Irish Beef Stew爱尔兰炖牛肉
introduce oneself to
向……做自我介绍
be likely to do...可能做……
custom n．风俗；习俗；习惯
BEAUTIFUL IRELAND AND ITS TRADITIONS
Ireland's beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on① its people and traditions．The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets②．[1] Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for③ each of the senses．[2] The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties④ is a true feast⑤ for the eyes，with its rolling⑥ green hills dotted⑦ with sheep and cattle⑧．[3] And down by the sea，the roar⑨ of the ocean⑩ waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast．On a quiet morning in the mountains，feel the sun on your skin，and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song．[4] With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing，and dining．[5] To have a chance of experiencing this，stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer ．Better yet ，enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew ．If you're lucky，you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing，too．[6] And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face，you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first hand．[7]
[1]句中动词 ing形式短语producing great writers and poets作介词of的宾语。
[2]句中动词 ing形式短语offering something for each of the senses作伴随状语。
[3]句中with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle为“with＋名词＋过去分词短语”结构作状语。
[4]句中while为并列连词，连接两个并列分句。
[5]句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句，其中第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词traditions。
[6]句中if引导条件状语从句。
[7]句中if 引导条件状语从句。
美丽的爱尔兰及其传统
一直以来，爱尔兰美丽的乡村对其人民和传统产生着巨大的影响。爱尔兰有着孕育杰出作家和诗人的悠久传统。美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。“绿宝石 (爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。海边波浪咆哮，海鸟鸣叫，奏响了海岸交响乐。山里宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你身上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，鸟儿用清晨的鸣啭来迎接新一天的到来。这般美景，造就了爱尔兰音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等独有的民间传统也就不足为奇了。要想体验这一切，可以去一家乡村酒吧，喝上一杯葡萄酒或本地的啤酒放松一下。更为美妙的是，可品尝美味的爱尔兰传统炖牛肉。如果运气好的话，你也许还可以欣赏到传统的音乐和舞蹈。向友善的当地人做个自我介绍，你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。
Period 4
核心词汇
1．①in ②is/will be free of charge ③charge us for the six-week course
2．①to ②announcement ③I announce/make an announcement that
3．①were spent ②to ③A large amount of money was spent on the bridge
4．①At ②to ③Teachers' Day was approaching；Teachers' Day approaching
单元语法
即时训练1
①blown ②standing ③founded ④to be discussed
即时训练2
①knocked ②done ③heard
即时训练3
①tied ②done
即时训练4
①washed ②laugh ③burning ④solved ⑤noticed
巩固落实
1．was given 2．were used 3．selected 4．decorated 5．took 6．to make 7．moved 8．considered课时分层作业(十一)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．He finally found a hotel at the corner of the street (收费)60 dollars for a single room with bath．
2．A waiter is (迎接) the guests at the door of the pub．
3．The best (方法) to exploring the puzzle is to keep your eyes open．
4．The chief of the department is (渴望的) to get the position of manager．
5．He formally (宣布) on Thursday his intention to retire next year．
Ⅱ．选词填空
break away from，belong to，keep your eyes open for，join．．．to．．．，as well as
1．There are many different kinds of computers now，which can all
the Internet．
2．As she pointed out,the illness could affect children adults．
3．Remember to a boy in a red cap and sweater．He is the very boy we are looking for．
4．The prisoner his guards while being taken to another jail(监狱)．
5．While the two are only days apart in age they seem to wholly different generations．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
Being called “nerd (书呆子)” was a bad thing in the past．
That is happily different now,says Sarah Jane,director at the Port Angeles Fine Arts Center,which is home to the exhibit “Obsessed: The Art of Nerd-dom” through March 15．“I think the majority of my friends are nerdier than I am，” she said,“and I mean that in a ‘my friends are cooler than I am’ kind of way．”
Jane said the development of the Internet certainly helped blossom,connecting people with common interests across geographies．Now,it's almost mainstream—exhibitions of nerd culture fill convention halls,comic book superheroes and science fiction stories are the focus of blockbuster movies,and more．
“It has made being a nerd less of an isolating experience,and more of a community experience because you're connecting with other people who have that shared interest，” she said．
Holladay,the co-curator (副馆长),spoke up in a meeting about what the coming exhibition season would look like．“I knew of another nerdy exhibition that had happened in LA recently．．．and I just thought ‘you know,I bet there are nerdy artists on the (Olympic) Peninsula and in Washington who have really quality work,where the subject matter might not fit into most exhibits’，” she said．
And she wasn't surprised when they received plenty of recommendations．“My theory was that nerds are everywhere，” she said．“Once I got in touch with the right people,everyone was coming out of the woodwork．”
The exhibit features comic art,and things like Pokemon cards arranged in a collage．One work invites viewers to imagine the unique talents and abilities they have as superpowers they bring to the world．Holladay says the evolution of the idea of nerd culture has been positive over the past several years．
1．What is Sarah Jane's attitude towards “nerds”？
A．Neutral． B．Critical．
C．Appreciative． D．Uncaring．
2．Which of the following contributes most to the popularity of nerd culture
A．People's varying views of nerds．
B．Movies' great influence upon people．
C．The sufferings people have gone through．
D．The Internet connecting people with shared interests．
3．What does the underlined expression “coming out of the woodwork” mean
A．Springing out．
B．Getting out of the woods．
C．Rushing outside．
D．Expecting high quality of work．
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．The exhibition shows how being a “nerd” becomes good．
B．The nerd culture is always evolving positively．
C．Many unusual exhibitions are scheduled．
D．Another different culture appears recently．
Ⅳ．完形填空
I was having lunch at a bar．Then I saw a 1 stepped in and sat down．I noticed she was attempting to 2 other people's gazes．I 3 something was wrong．After taking a closer 4 ， I realized her hair was falling out because of chemo (化疗)．I watched her trying to remain 5 and that she was having a 6 time of it．
Then it 7 me that I should do something!
I 8 her waiter to come over and explained that I wanted to buy the girl's lunch,with her 9 of it．Then I handed him a note for the girl,which read,“Someone today thought you were beautiful．Someone today thought your 10 lit up the world．Enjoy the rest of your day,pretty young lady．”
A quarter later,after 11 ， the girl asked for her bill．When 12 it had been paid for,she was surprised．Then the waiter 13 her with the note,without mentioning I was around．
I watched as she read the note．Her eyes 14 over with tears,and then came the smile! A huge,beautiful,hopeful smile! She 15 the room and then she sat up straight,not caring who saw her．
1．A．girl B．waitress
C．cook D．patient
2．A．reflect B．avoid
C．appreciate D．hide
3．A．forgot B．proved
C．sensed D．claimed
4．A．contact B．look
C．thought D．search
5．A．happy B．curious
C．nervous D．calm
6．A．great B．simple
C．busy D．tough
7．A．depended on B．went against
C．occurred to D．impressed on
8．A．prevented B．allowed
C．signaled D．expected
9．A．afraid B．uncertain
C．proud D．unaware
10．A．mind B．smile
C．case D．action
11．A．eating B．reading
C．checking D．recovering
12．A．instructed B．told
C．reminded D．warned
13．A．awarded B．returned
C．wrote D．presented
14．A．ran B．fell
C．turned D．got
15．A．left B．approached
C．brightened D．swept
Ⅴ．语法填空
As early as a thousand years ago in Kaifeng,China,there were a group of people,in their unique way,1． (present) art and beauty 2．
(graceful)．Such craft is known 3． Bian embroidery(刺绣)．It is now recognized as a state-level intangible cultural heritage．Bian embroidery 4． (characterize) by simplicity and peace,which is considered 5．
unique form of artistic 6． (express) of the Song Dynasty．The purest natural colors and delicate stitches (针法) make the embroidery look vivid like a painting and bring the characters and scenery to life．The recreation of the first volume of the work Along the River during the Qingming Festival is the work of 7． (experience) Bian embroiderers(刺绣工) who have long observed the 8． (origin) work and Qingming Festival objects．
9． took over 20 embroiderers a year working around the clock to complete such a masterpiece．The millennium-old craft still has its charm today．It goes beyond the time,bringing out the fine painting．It can also be a treasure 10． one holds dear．
课时分层作业(十一)
Ⅰ．1．charging 2．greeting 3．approach 4．eager 5．announced
Ⅱ．1．be joined to 2．as well as 3．keep your eyes open for 4．broke away from 5．belong to
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
C D A A
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A B C B D D C C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
D B A B D A C
Ⅴ．1．presenting 2．gracefully 3．as 4．is characterized 5．a 6．expression 7．experienced 8．original 9．It 10．that/which
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了“书呆子”文化展览的内容。
1．C [推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Sarah Jane说“我的大多数朋友都比我书呆子”，就像说“我的朋友比我酷”的那种方式，这说明Sarah Jane对于“书呆子”的态度是欣赏的，故选C。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，互联网将有共同兴趣爱好的人们联系在一起，这对书呆子文化的流行贡献最大，故选D。]
3．A [词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“And she wasn't surprised when they received plenty of recommendations．‘My theory was that nerds are everywhere，’ she said．”可知，Jane收到大量的推荐信，书呆子无处不在，结合上文提到的，互联网将有共同爱好的人们联系在一起，所以一旦Jane与合适的人联系，所有人就会出现，将自己的作品推荐给Jane，由此可知，画线短语“coming out of the woodwork”意为“出现”，与A项“Springing out．(突然冒出。)”符合，故选A。]
4．A [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了书呆子文化展览的内容，即展示了“书呆子”如何成为人们所欣赏的一种文化，故选A。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在酒吧吃饭时，注意到一个因化疗而脱发的女孩在接收到他人的目光时的异样情绪，所以悄悄替她买单，并写了纸条鼓励她，而女孩接收到匿名的善意后改变了心情，露出灿烂的微笑，不再在乎别人的目光。
1．A [根据下文可知，girl为复现词，作者关注到女孩(girl)进了酒吧。故选A项。]
2．B [根据下文可知，女孩知道自己头发脱落了，这样的样貌会吸引其他人的目光，故有意识地避开别人的目光，avoid符合语境。故选B项。]
3．C [根据上文和下文可知，作者对女孩的闪避行为很疑惑，直到发现原来女孩因化疗而导致头发脱落了，sensed符合语境。故选C项。]
4．B [此处考查短语take a closer look，意为“仔细观察”，女孩脱发的事实可以通过观察看出来，look符合语境。故选B项。]
5．D [根据上文以及下文可知，为了吃饭，女孩走进酒吧，但是因为自己的样貌引起了他人的注意，尽管很煎熬，她还得强作镇定地(calm)吃完饭。故选D项。]
6．D [根据上文可知，女孩因为化疗导致头发脱落，到酒吧吃饭，却遭遇他人异样的目光，她此刻内心不自在，却还要保持平静的样子，tough符合语境。故选D项。]
7．C [根据上文可知，作者注意到女孩的情况，想要帮助她。此处考查句型It occurred to sb．that．．．。故选C项。]
8．C [根据语境，作者在酒吧吃饭，要吩咐服务生做点事，所以招呼服务生过来，signaled符合语境。故选C项。]
9．D [根据下文可知，作者要求服务生不告诉女孩是谁替她买单的，unaware符合语境。故选D项。]
10．B [根据下文可知，smile为复现词，作者鼓励女孩要微笑面对生活。故选B项。]
11．A [根据空后的“the girl asked for her bill”可知，吃完饭的女孩准备买单，eating符合语境。故选A项。]
12．B [根据上文可知，女孩准备买单时，服务生告知女孩已经有人为她付款，told符合语境。故选B项。]
13．D [根据上文可知，作者有一张纸条让服务生转交给女孩，presented符合语境。故选D项。]
14．A [此处考查动词短语run over with，意为“充满”，女孩看着纸条的内容，热泪盈眶，ran符合语境。故选A项。]
15．C [根据上文可知，女孩的微笑照亮世界，照亮这个酒吧，light up与brighten意思相近。故选C项。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刺绣的历史。
1．presenting [考查非谓语动词。句意：一千年前，在中国开封，有一群人用他们独特的方式，精美地展现了艺术和美。此处作定语，修饰people，people与present之间为主动关系，故应用动词-ing形式作定语，故填presenting。]
2．gracefully [考查副词。句意：同上。此处修饰动词present，故应用副词“gracefully”作状语，故填gracefully。]
3．as [考查介词。句意：这种手工艺叫作汴绣。此处意为“作为……而出名”，表达为be known as，故填as。]
4．is characterized [考查语态。句意：汴绣以简洁和宁静为特点，它是宋朝的一种独特的艺术表达。此处作谓语动词，主语为Bian embroidery，为单数，与characterize之间为被动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时，故填is characterized。]
5．a [考查冠词。句意：同上。此处“form形式”为可数名词，且此处泛指一种独特的艺术形式，故应用不定冠词，且unique以辅音音素开头，故填a。]
6．expression [考查名词。句意：同上。此处作宾语，故应用名词“expression表达”，故填expression。]
7．experienced [考查形容词。句意：《清明上河图》的第一卷再创作是经验丰富的汴绣师的作品，他们长期观察原作品和清明器物。此处作定语，修饰名词Bian embroiderers，故应用形容词“experienced有经验的”，故填experienced。]
8．original [考查形容词。句意：同上。此处修饰名词work，故应用形容词“original原著的，原创的”作定语，original work意为“原创作品”，故填original。]
9．It [考查代词。句意：一个作品要花费二十多个汴绣师一年的时间。此处作形式主语，真正的主语为to complete such a masterpiece，故应用it作形式主语，故填It。]
10．that/which [考查定语从句。句意：它也可以是一个人珍视的财富。此处引导定语从句，先行词为treasure，指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，故应用that/which引导定语从句，故填that/which。]
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