Period 2 课文整体阅读(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ．文章大意
What's mainly talked about in the text
A．How to increase rice yields．
B．Yuan Longping's farming life．
C．How to solve the world's hunger problem．
D．Yuan Longping's achievements in farming．
Ⅱ．篇章结构
1．Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer
A．He was born in a farmer family．
B．He is known as the “father of hybrid rice”．
C．He was educated at an agricultural college．
D．He continually worked the land in his research．
2．Why did Yuan decide to study agriculture
A．His parents wanted him to pursue a career in agriculture．
B．He wanted to deal with the crisis of shortage of food．
C．He wanted to be the “father of hybrid rice”．
D．He was not interested in agriculture．
3．What is the characteristic of hybrids
A．They are very difficult to create．
B．They are made up of conventional crops．
C．They usually have a higher yield．
D．They have to be grown in the seawater．
4．What did Yuan really care for at heart
A．Leisure． B．Fame．
C．Agricultural research． D．Money．
1．Are you interested in agricultural science？Why
2．Do you know other modern scientists in China and their achievements
Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．boost vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
①(教材原句)Instead，farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had．
__________
②These changes will help boost food prices． __________
③This has given clothing prices a big boost． __________
④This measure will be a great boost to the economy． __________
2．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj．典型的；独特的
①(教材原句)One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops． __________
②The two species have several characteristics in common． __________
③I recognised his characteristic walk． __________
④Independence is the outstanding characteristic of a person． __________
3．Young people don't want to do things that soil their hands． __________
4．He suggested that we might yield to the pressure of opinion． __________
Ⅱ．词块积累
1．__________ 严重缺乏
2．__________ 解决这个危机
3．__________ 使某人能够做某事
4．__________ 大笔捐款
5．__________ 实现某人的梦想
Ⅲ．写作佳句
1．Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice _____________________，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut．
很久以前，他设想了一种像高粱一样高的水稻，每一穗米都像扫帚一样大，每一粒米都像花生一样大。
2．Indeed，_____________________ was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had _____________________．
确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
3．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young _____________________，and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next．
即使在他生命的最后几年，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，充满了远见，那时每个人都在等着看他接下来会梦想什么。
Ⅳ．长难语句
1．Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year．
[分析] 本句为并列复合句。在and之前的分句中，真正的主语是that引导的_____________________从句。generated from...为过去分词短语作_____________________；to produce...为不定式短语作_____________________。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
2．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。其中what concerned him most为what引导的主语 从句，what在从句中作主语；that引导表语 从句。
[翻译] 然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
Yuan Longping，known as the “father of hybrid rice”，was born in 1930.1．___________ (learn) that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious 2．___________ (short) of food to eat，he chose to study agriculture and graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953．
Since his graduation，Yuan 3．___________ (devote) his life to finding ways to produce more rice．Through intense effort，he overcame enormous technical 4．___________ (difficulty) to develop the first hybrid rice 5．___________ could be used for farming in 1974．This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output 6．___________ (great)．
Today，7．___________ is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 8．___________(generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains．Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend 9．___________ rice as well．
Though Yuan's hybrids made him quite 10．___________ (wealth)，he didn't lead a life of leisure．Instead，he donated much money to support agricultural research．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision，and everyone was waiting to see what he would dream up next．
①pioneer n．先锋；拓荒者
②hybrid n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车
③work the land耕种土地，在地里工作
④slim adj．瘦削的，苗条的
⑤devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心
devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
⑥pursue a career从事一种职业
⑦shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺
a shortage of缺少
⑧tackle vt．解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
⑨crisis n．(pl．crises)危机；危急关头
in crisis处于危机中
⑩work as担任；以……身份工作
solution n．解决办法；处理手段；答案
boost vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
yield n．产量；产出 vt．出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi．屈服；让步
convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服
sb．be convinced that...某人相信……
cross n．杂交动植物 v．穿过
varieties of a species一个物种的变种
characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj．典型的；独特的
attain vt．(通常经过努力)获得；得到
conventional adj．传统的；习惯的
pollinate vt．授粉；传粉
assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得
intense adj．热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
overcome vt．(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜
enormous adj．巨大的；庞大的
enable v．使能够；使有机会
expand vt．& vi．扩大；增加 vt．扩展；发展(业务)
output n．产量；输出；输出量 vt．(output，output)输出
estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
It is estimated that...据估计……
domestic adj．本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费
comprise vt．包括；包含；由……组成
be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
generate vt．产生；引起
strain n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力
innovation n．创新；革新
invaluable adj．无价的；非常贵重的
numerous adj．许多的，很多的
leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲
far from the case远非如此
deep down在内心深处；本质上；实际上
soil n．泥土；土壤；国土；领土
care for关心，照顾；喜欢
celebrity n．名望；名誉；名人；名流
make donations to do sth．捐款做某事
ongoing adj．仍在进行的；不断前进的
fulfil dreams实现梦想
envision vt．展望；想象
sorghum n．高粱；高粱米
ear n．(谷类植物的)穗；耳朵
broom n．扫把；扫帚；金雀花
grain n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒
succeed in doing sth．成功做某事
vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像
reality n．现实；实际情况；事实
become a reality变成现实
potentially adv．可能地，潜在地
open up打开；开发
salty adj．含盐的；咸的
dream up凭空想出，虚构出
A PIONEER① FOR ALL PEOPLE
Yuan Longping，known as the“father of hybrid② rice”[1]，was one of China's most famous scientists．Yet，he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land③ in his research．Indeed，his slim④ but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted⑤ his life[2]．
[1]known as...为过去分词短语作定语，修饰Yuan Longping。be known as...意为“作为……而出名”。
[2]to whom he had devoted his life是“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词farmers。devote...to是固定搭配，这里介词to被提到了关系代词前面。
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing．His parents wanted him to pursue a career⑥ in science or medicine．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage⑦ of food to eat．[3]To tackle⑧ this crisis⑨[4]，he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing．
[3]本句是主从复合句。what concerned him most是主语从句；that farmers often had poor harvests...是表语从句。
[4]To tackle this crisis是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
After graduating in 1953，he worked as⑩ a researcher．Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution ．Instead，farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had[5]．How this could be done[6] was a challenging question at the time．Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice．A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species ．One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops[7]．However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice[8] was a matter of great debate．The common assumption then was that it could not be done[9]．Through intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974[10]．This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly．
[5]此处是省略引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词the fields。当引导词that/which在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。
[6]此处是主语从句，引导词是how，整个从句一起作主语。
[7]that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops 是表语从句，引导词是that，在句中没有词义，只起连接作用，不可省略。
[8]whether it was possible...rice是由whether引导的主语从句。
[9]that it could not be done是表语从句，引导词是that，在句中没有词义，只起连接作用，不可省略。
[10]that could be used for farming in 1974是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the first hybrid rice，引导词that在从句中作主语，不可省略。
Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains [11]，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year．Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam[12]．Because of his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad．
[11]it is estimated that...中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。that只起连接作用，不作任何成分。本句中generated from Yuan's hybrid strains是过去分词短语作定语，可转化为定语从句which are generated from...。
[12]that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam是定语从句，修饰先行词countries，that在定语从句中作主语。
Given that[13] Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure ．However，this is far from the case ．Deep down ，Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart．As a man of the soil ，he cared little for celebrity or money．Instead，he made large donations to support agricultural research．
[13]given that引导条件状语从句，意为“考虑到，鉴于”。
What impressed people most about Yuan Longping[14] was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams ．Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum ，with each ear of rice as big as a broom ，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut．He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad[15]．His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality，and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision，and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next．
[14]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping是由what引导的主语从句。what在从句中作主语，意思是“……的事情”。
[15]that could feed more people at home and abroad是定语从句，修饰先行词a kind of rice，that在定语从句中作主语。
全民先锋
袁隆平，被称为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他自认为是个农民，因为在研究中他不停地耕种土地。确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的事业。然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。为了应对这一危机，他选择了学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受教育。
1953年毕业后，他从事研究工作。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。杂交作物是一个物种的两个或两个以上变种的杂交。杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比传统作物高。然而，能否培育出一种自花传粉的杂交植物，如水稻，是一个有很大争议的问题。当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，1974年，他培育出了第一种可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。这种杂交水稻使农民大大增加了产量。
据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。因为他的不可估量的贡献，袁隆平在国内外获奖无数。
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。作为一位农民，他不太在乎名声和金钱。相反，他大量捐款以支持农业研究。
袁隆平最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很久以前，他设想了一种像高粱一样高的水稻，每一穗米都像扫帚一样大，每一粒米都像花生一样大。他成功地培育出一种可以养活国内外更多人的水稻。他对“海水稻”的最新设想也已成为现实，并可能在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地，用于水稻生产。即使在他生命的最后几年，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，充满了远见，那时每个人都在等着看他接下来会梦想什么。
Period 2
课文理解
Task 1 整体理解
Ⅰ．D
Ⅱ．1．self assessment 2．contributions 3．Overall assessment
Task 2 细节理解
1－4 DBCC
Task 3 多维探究
略
课文精粹
Ⅰ．1．①vt．使增长 ②vt．使增长 ③n．增长 ④n．激励
2．①n．特征；特点 ②n．特征；特点 ③adj．典型的；独特的 ④n．品质
3．vt．弄脏
4．vi．让步；屈服
Ⅱ．1．a serious shortage of 2．tackle this crisis 3．enable sb．to do sth． 4．make large donations 5．fulfil one's dreams
Ⅲ．1．as big as a broom 2．his slim but strong body；devoted his life 3．at heart and full of vision
Ⅳ．1．分析：主语；后置定语；宾语补足语
翻译：据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约 60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
2．分析：主语；主语；表语
翻译：然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。
Ⅴ．1．Learning 2．shortage 3．had devoted 4．difficulties 5．that 6．greatly 7．it 8．generated 9．on 10．wealthy
4/10(共46张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 5
WORKING THE LAND
主题语境 人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物
Period 2 课时练案 课文整体阅读(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ．文章大意
What's mainly talked about in the text
A．How to increase rice yields．
B．Yuan Longping's farming life．
C．How to solve the world's hunger problem．
D．Yuan Longping's achievements in farming．
√
Ⅱ．篇章结构
self-assessment
contributions
Overall
assessment
1．Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer
A．He was born in a farmer family．
B．He is known as the “father of hybrid rice”．
C．He was educated at an agricultural college．
D．He continually worked the land in his research．
√
2．Why did Yuan decide to study agriculture
A．His parents wanted him to pursue a career in agriculture．
B．He wanted to deal with the crisis of shortage of food．
C．He wanted to be the “father of hybrid rice”．
D．He was not interested in agriculture．
√
3．What is the characteristic of hybrids
A．They are very difficult to create．
B．They are made up of conventional crops．
C．They usually have a higher yield．
D．They have to be grown in the seawater．
4．What did Yuan really care for at heart
A．Leisure． B．Fame．
C．Agricultural research． D．Money．
√
√
1．Are you interested in agricultural science？Why
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2．Do you know other modern scientists in China and their achievements
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
[答案] 略
Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．boost vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
①(教材原句)Instead，farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had． __________
②These changes will help boost food prices． __________
③This has given clothing prices a big boost． _______
④This measure will be a great boost to the economy． _______
vt．使增长
vt．使增长
n．增长
n．激励
2．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj．典型的；独特的
①(教材原句)One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops． ______________
②The two species have several characteristics in common． ______________
③I recognised his characteristic walk． ___________________
④Independence is the outstanding characteristic of a person．
_______
n．特征；特点
adj．典型的；独特的
n．特征；特点
n．品质
3．Young people don't want to do things that soil their hands．
________
4．He suggested that we might yield to the pressure of opinion．
______________
vt．弄脏
vi．让步；屈服
Ⅱ．词块积累
1．__________________ 严重缺乏
2．________________ 解决这个危机
3．___________________ 使某人能够做某事
4．___________________ 大笔捐款
5．___________________ 实现某人的梦想
a serious shortage of
tackle this crisis
enable sb．to do sth．
make large donations
fulfil one's dreams
Ⅲ．写作佳句
1．Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice _______________，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut．
很久以前，他设想了一种像高粱一样高的水稻，每一穗米都像扫帚一样大，每一粒米都像花生一样大。
as big as a broom
2．Indeed，_____________________ was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had ______________．
确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
3．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young ______
________________，and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next．
即使在他生命的最后几年，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，充满了远见，那时每个人都在等着看他接下来会梦想什么。
his slim but strong body
devoted his life
at heart
and full of vision
Ⅳ．长难语句
1．Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year．
[分析] 本句为并列复合句。在and之前的分句中，真正的主语是that引导的____从句。generated from...为过去分词短语作________；to produce...为不定式短语作__________。
[翻译] ________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
主语
后置定语
宾语补足语
据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约 60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
2．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat．
[分析] 本句为主从复合句。其中what concerned him most为what引导的____ 从句，what在从句中作____；that引导____ 从句。
[翻译] ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
主语
主语
表语
然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
Yuan Longping，known as the “father of hybrid rice”，was born in 1930.1．_________ (learn) that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious 2．________ (short) of food to eat，he chose to study agriculture and graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953．
Learning
shortage
Since his graduation，Yuan 3．__________ (devote) his life to finding ways to produce more rice．Through intense effort，he overcame enormous technical 4．____________ (difficulty) to develop the first hybrid rice 5．____ could be used for farming in 1974．This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output 6．______ (great)．
had devoted
difficulties
that
greatly
Today，7．__ is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 8．____________
(generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains．Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend 9．__ rice as well．
it
generated
on
Though Yuan's hybrids made him quite 10．________ (wealth)，he didn't lead a life of leisure．Instead，he donated much money to support agricultural research．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision，and everyone was waiting to see what he would dream up next．
wealthy
①pioneer n．先锋；拓荒者
②hybrid n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车
③work the land耕种土地，在地里工作
④slim adj．瘦削的，苗条的
⑤devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心
devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
⑥pursue a career从事一种职业
⑦shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺
a shortage of缺少
⑧tackle vt．解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
⑨crisis n．(pl．crises)危机；危急关头
in crisis处于危机中
⑩work as担任；以……身份工作
solution n．解决办法；处理手段；答案
boost vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
yield n．产量；产出 vt．出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi．屈服；让步
convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服
sb．be convinced that...某人相信……
cross n．杂交动植物 v．穿过
varieties of a species一个物种的变种
characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj．典型的；独特的
attain vt．(通常经过努力)获得；得到
conventional adj．传统的；习惯的
pollinate vt．授粉；传粉
assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得
intense adj．热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
overcome vt．(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜
enormous adj．巨大的；庞大的
enable v．使能够；使有机会
expand vt．& vi．扩大；增加 vt．扩展；发展(业务)
output n．产量；输出；输出量 vt．(output，output)输出
estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
It is estimated that...据估计……
domestic adj．本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费
comprise vt．包括；包含；由……组成
be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
generate vt．产生；引起
strain n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力
innovation n．创新；革新
invaluable adj．无价的；非常贵重的
numerous adj．许多的，很多的
leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲
far from the case远非如此
deep down在内心深处；本质上；实际上
soil n．泥土；土壤；国土；领土
care for关心，照顾；喜欢
celebrity n．名望；名誉；名人；名流
make donations to do sth．捐款做某事
ongoing adj．仍在进行的；不断前进的
fulfil dreams实现梦想
envision vt．展望；想象
sorghum n．高粱；高粱米
ear n．(谷类植物的)穗；耳朵
broom n．扫把；扫帚；金雀花
grain n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒
A PIONEER① FOR ALL PEOPLE
Yuan Longping，known as the“father of hybrid② rice”[1]，was one of China's most famous scientists．Yet，he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land③ in his research．Indeed，his slim④ but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted⑤ his life[2]．
[1]known as...为过去分词短语作定语，修饰Yuan Longping。be known as...意为“作为……而出名”。
[2]to whom he had devoted his life是“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词farmers。devote...to是固定搭配，这里介词to被提到了关系代词前面。
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing．His parents wanted him to pursue a career⑥ in science or medicine．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage⑦ of food to eat．[3]To tackle⑧ this crisis⑨[4]，he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing．
[3]本句是主从复合句。what concerned him most是主语从句；that farmers often had poor harvests...是表语从句。
[4]To tackle this crisis是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
After graduating in 1953，he worked as⑩ a researcher．Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution ．
Instead，farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had[5]．How this could be done[6] was a challenging question at the time．Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice．A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species ．One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops[7]．
However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice[8] was a matter of great debate．
The common assumption then was that it could not be done[9]．
Through intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974[10]．This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly．
[5]此处是省略引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词the fields。当引导词that/which在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。
[6]此处是主语从句，引导词是how，整个从句一起作主语。
[7]that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops 是表语从句，引导词是that，在句中没有词义，只起连接作用，不可省略。
[8]whether it was possible...rice是由whether引导的主语从句。
[9]that it could not be done是表语从句，引导词是that，在句中没有词义，只起连接作用，不可省略。
[10]that could be used for farming in 1974是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the first hybrid rice，引导词that在从句中作主语，不可省略。
Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains [11]，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year．Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam[12]．Because of his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad．
[11]it is estimated that...中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。that只起连接作用，不作任何成分。本句中generated from Yuan's hybrid strains是过去分词短语作定语，可转化为定语从句which are generated from...。
[12]that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam是定语从句，修饰先行词countries，that在定语从句中作主语。
Given that[13] Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure ．However，this is far from the case ．Deep down ，Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart．As a man of the soil ，he cared little for celebrity or money．Instead，he made large donations to support agricultural research．
[13]given that引导条件状语从句，意为“考虑到，鉴于”。
[14]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping是由what引导的主语从句。what在从句中作主语，意思是“……的事情”。
[15]that could feed more people at home and abroad是定语从句，修饰先行词a kind of rice，that在定语从句中作主语。
全民先锋
袁隆平，被称为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他自认为是个农民，因为在研究中他不停地耕种土地。确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的事业。然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。为了应对这一危机，他选择了学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受教育。
1953年毕业后，他从事研究工作。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。杂交作物是一个物种的两个或两个以上变种的杂交。杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比传统作物高。然而，能否培育出一种自花传粉的杂交植物，如水稻，是一个有很大争议的问题。当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，1974年，他培育出了第一种可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。这种杂交水稻使农民大大增加了产量。
据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。因为他的不可估量的贡献，袁隆平在国内外获奖无数。
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。作为一位农民，他不太在乎名声和金钱。相反，他大量捐款以支持农业研究。
袁隆平最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很久以前，他设想了一种像高粱一样高的水稻，每一穗米都像扫帚一样大，每一粒米都像花生一样大。他成功地培育出一种可以养活国内外更多人的水稻。他对“海水稻”的最新设想也已成为现实，并可能在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地，用于水稻生产。即使在他生命的最后几年，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，充满了远见，那时每个人都在等着看他接下来会梦想什么。
谢 谢！
