Period 3 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking)
1．(教材原句)Just like spoken language，body language varies from culture to culture．
*vary vi．(根据情况)变化；改变(variety n．多样化；变化；不同种类various adj．各种各样的；各种不同的)
(1)vary from．．．to．．． 由……到……不等
vary with．．． 随……而变化
vary in．．． 在……方面有变化
(2)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的
单句语法填空/句式升级
①The way people communicate varied ____ cultural backgrounds．
②It is important for us to meet personally although we have been in touch in _______ (vary) ways．
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and _______ (vary) of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect．
④I like reading very much，especially the storybooks．They vary from Chinese stories to English stories．
→I like reading very much，especially the storybooks _________________________．
(动词-ing形式短语作定语)
2．(教材原句)The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in．
*appropriate adj．合适的；恰当的(appropriately adv．适当地)
be appropriate for/to．．．＝be suitable/fit for
适合……
It is appropriate (for sb．) to do sth．
(某人)做某事是合适的
It is (not) appropriate that sb．(should) do sth．
某人做某事是(不)合适的
单句语法填空/词汇升级
①It is appropriate that we _________________ (start) a campaign to protect our environment．
②Scientists must analyze the data _____________ (appropriate) to draw valid conclusions．
③As for me，I don't think it is suitable for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children．
→As for me，I don't think it is ___________ for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children．
3．(教材原句)In other countries，by contrast，eye contact is not always approved of．
*approve vi．赞成；同意 vt．批准；通过(approval n．赞成；同意；批准approving adj．赞同的)
(1)approve sth． 批准某事
approve of (sb．/sb．'s doing) sth．
赞成/同意(某人做)某事
(2)win one's approval 得到某人的批准/同意
give (one's) approval to (sb．)
同意/批准(某人)
单句语法填空/一句多译
①I approve of your ______ (try) to earn some money，but please don't neglect your study．
②(应用文写作之申请信)I would appreciate it if my application for the job could get your ________ (approve)．
③老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历了。
a．The teacher ________________________________ making a video to record our experiences at school．(approval)
b．The teacher ________________ making a video to record our experiences at school．(approve)
4．(教材原句)In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money．
*witness vt．当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
(1)witness sth． 目击(睹)某事
witness to (doing) sth． 为(做)某事作证；为(做)某事出庭作证
(2)be (a) witness to sth． 是某事的目击者
单句语法填空/单句写作
①It is admirable that as a winner of the state medal，she is a witness __ history as well．
②A taxi driver witnessed to ______(see) the excellent performance showed by those students．
③在过去几年里，我们目睹了家乡的巨大变化。
We have _________________________ in our hometown in the past few years．
④(读后续写之心理描写)见证了那个非凡的场景后，我的内心充满了惊叹，挥散不去。
_____________________________________________，a sense of wonder filled my heart and wouldn't let go．(非谓语动词短语作状语)
5．(教材原句)In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money．
*employ vt．使用；应用；雇用(employer n．雇主 employee n．雇员 employment n．就业)
employ sb．as．．． 雇用某人当……
employ sth．to do sth． 利用某物做某事
employ sb．to do sth． 雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in．．． ＝be employed in．．．
从事……；忙于……
单句语法填空/词汇升级
①(应用文写作之人物介绍)After resigning from his former company，he's employed __ a taxi driver working day and night．
②Because of their busy work，the couple employed a woman ________ (look) after the baby．
③You should employ your money more wisely _______ (buy) things badly needed．
④The responsible manager employed _______ (he) in making a future plan for his company．
⑤He was busy cleaning his shoes while others talked to each other warmly．
→He was ____________ cleaning his shoes while others talked to each other warmly．
6．(教材原句)Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world．
*differ vi．相异；不同于(different adj．不同的；相异的difference n．不同之处；差异)
(1)differ from．．． 与……不同/有区别
differ in．．． 在……方面不同
(2)be different from．．． 与……不同
(3)make a difference 有影响；起作用
make no difference 没有影响
单句语法填空/单句写作
①These clothes look the same in appearance but they differ greatly __ materials．
②The two theories differ ____ each other in many ways，so it's easy to remember them．
③(2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ，my grandmother experienced an entirely _________ (differ) childhood lifestyle from mine．
④(读后续写之主旨升华)看到我们所做出的积极改变，我明白了即使是最小的行动也能产生巨大的影响。
Seeing the positive change we had made，I understood that even the smallest actions can _________________________．
7．(教材原句)Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when they meet someone else．
*favour vt．较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同(favourite adj．特别受喜爱的 n．特别喜爱的人或事物 favourable adj．赞成的；有利的)
(1)ask sb．a favour 请某人帮忙
do sb．a favour 帮某人的忙
(2)in favour of 支持；赞同；为获得(更好或更需要的事物)
in one's favour 有助于某人；对某人有利
(3)favour doing．．． 喜欢做……
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Our products have good fame at home and abroad，deeply ________ (favour) by customers．
②(应用文写作之求助信)We sincerely hope you can do us _ favour and guide us how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play．
③(读后续写之主旨升华)为别人做一件好事带来了一种我之前从未体验过的满足感。
________________ for someone else brought a sense of satisfaction that I had never experienced before．
④他们大部分人赞成我的观点，而戴维则反对。
Most of them were ___________________________ while David was against it．
8．(教材原句)A smile can break down barriers．We can use a smile to apologise，to greet someone，to ask for help，or to start a conversation．
*break down 消除；分解；打破；打倒；被搞垮，垮掉
break in 破门而入；闯入
break out (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生
break up 结束；破碎
break through 突破
break away from 脱离；逃脱
一词多义/单句写作
①Children would bring them close together and break down this invisible barrier． ____
②Over time，the protein in the eggshell breaks down into amino acids(氨基酸)． ____
③(读后续写之行为描写)她正努力改掉这个坏习惯，这使她父母很高兴。
She is trying to __________________________________，which makes her parents happy．
④(读后续写之场景描写)当一切似乎都已垮掉时，一线希望出现了。
When everything seemed to have ____________，a glimmer of hope emerged．
词汇 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响 2．demonstrate vt．表现；表达；说明；证明 3．anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt．使生气；激怒 4．reliable adj．可靠的；可信赖的
微练 1．(应用文写作之演讲稿)_________________________ were like journeys to different worlds． 与书籍的互动就像前往不同世界的旅程。
2．(读后续写之主旨升华)His story ____________________________ perseverance． 他的故事证明了坚持的力量。
3．(读后续写之情绪描写)He _____________________________． 他深吸了一口气来控制自己的愤怒。
4．John is ___________________．Whenever I'm in trouble，he's always the first one to offer his help． 约翰是一个可靠的朋友。每当我遇到麻烦，他总是第一个提供帮助。
(教材原句)And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend．
*“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
(1)本句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级含义。
(2)表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构：
①“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等；
②“can/could＋not＋be＋比较级”意为“不可能更……”。
单句语法填空/单句写作
①The Yangtze River is ______ (long) than any other river in Asia．
②I've never met a ______________ (generous) person than him in my life．
③(应用文写作之介绍信)我觉得这本小说比所有其他的小说都有趣。
I think the novel is _________________ than all the other novels．
Period 3
核心词汇
1．①with ②various ③variety ④varying from Chinese stories to English stories
2．①(should) start ②appropriately ③appropriate
3．①trying ②approval ③gave his/her approval to us；approved of us
4．①to ②seeing ③witnessed great changes ④Having witnessed that extraordinary scene
5．①as ②to look ③to buy ④himself ⑤employed in
6．①in ②from ③different ④make a huge difference
7．①favoured ②a ③Doing a favour ④in favour of my opinion
8．①消除 ②分解 ③break away from the bad habit
④broken down
要点拾遗
1．Interactions with books 2.demonstrates the power of
3．took a deep breath to control his anger 4.a reliable friend
句法句式
①longer ②more generous ③more interesting
1 / 1(共87张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE
Period 3 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking)
主题语境 人与社会——跨文化沟通
(1)vary from…to... 由……到……不等
vary with… 随……而变化
vary in… 在……方面有变化
(2)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的
1．(教材原句)Just like spoken language，body language varies from culture to culture．
*vary vi．(根据情况)变化；改变(variety n．多样化；变化；不同种类various adj．各种各样的；各种不同的)
即学即练 单句语法填空/句式升级
①The way people communicate varied _______ cultural backgrounds．
②It is important for us to meet personally although we have been in touch in ______ (vary) ways．
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and ______ (vary) of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect．
with
various
variety
④I like reading very much，especially the storybooks．They vary from Chinese stories to English stories．
→I like reading very much，especially the storybooks ______________
____________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作定语)
varying from
Chinese stories to English stories
2．(教材原句)The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in．
*appropriate adj．合适的；恰当的(appropriately adv．适当地)
be appropriate for/to...＝be suitable/fit for
适合……
It is appropriate (for sb．) to do sth．
(某人)做某事是合适的
It is (not) appropriate that sb．(should) do sth．
某人做某事是(不)合适的
即学即练 单句语法填空/词汇升级
①It is appropriate that we _____________ (start) a campaign to protect our environment．
②Scientists must analyze the data _____________ (appropriate) to draw valid conclusions．
③As for me，I don't think it is suitable for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children．
→As for me，I don't think it is ___________ for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children．
(should) start
appropriately
appropriate
3．(教材原句)In other countries，by contrast，eye contact is not always approved of．
*approve vi．赞成；同意 vt．批准；通过(approval n．赞成；同意；批准approving adj．赞同的)
(1)approve sth． 批准某事
approve of (sb．/sb．'s doing) sth．
赞成/同意(某人做)某事
(2)win one's approval 得到某人的批准/同意
give (one's) approval to (sb．) 同意/批准(某人)
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①I approve of your _______ (try) to earn some money，but please don't neglect your study．
②(应用文写作之申请信)I would appreciate it if my application for the job could get your ________ (approve)．
trying
approval
③老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历了。
a．The teacher _________________________ making a video to record our experiences at school．(approval)
b．The teacher ______________ making a video to record our experiences at school．(approve)
gave his/her approval to us
approved of us
4．(教材原句)In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money．
*witness vt．当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
(1)witness sth． 目击(睹)某事
witness to (doing) sth． 为(做)某事作证；为(做)某事出庭作证
(2)be (a) witness to sth． 是某事的目击者
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①It is admirable that as a winner of the state medal，she is a witness __ history as well．
②A taxi driver witnessed to ______(see) the excellent performance showed by those students．
③在过去几年里，我们目睹了家乡的巨大变化。
We have ____________________in our hometown in the past few years．
to
seeing
witnessed great changes
④(读后续写之心理描写)见证了那个非凡的场景后，我的内心充满了惊叹，挥散不去。
____________________________________，a sense of wonder filled my heart and wouldn't let go．(非谓语动词短语作状语)
Having witnessed that extraordinary scene
5．(教材原句)In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money．
*employ vt．使用；应用；雇用(employer n．雇主 employee n．雇员 employment n．就业)
employ sb．as... 雇用某人当……
employ sth．to do sth． 利用某物做某事
employ sb．to do sth． 雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in... ＝be employed in...
从事……；忙于……
即学即练 单句语法填空/词汇升级
①(应用文写作之人物介绍)After resigning from his former company，he's employed ___ a taxi driver working day and night．
②Because of their busy work，the couple employed a woman _______ (look) after the baby．
③You should employ your money more wisely _______ (buy) things badly needed．
as
to look
to buy
④The responsible manager employed ________ (he) in making a future plan for his company．
⑤He was busy cleaning his shoes while others talked to each other warmly．
→He was ___________ cleaning his shoes while others talked to each other warmly．
himself
employed in
6．(教材原句)Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world．
*differ vi．相异；不同于(different adj．不同的；相异的difference n．不同之处；差异)
(1)differ from... 与……不同/有区别
differ in... 在……方面不同
(2)be different from... 与……不同
(3)make a difference 有影响；起作用
make no difference 没有影响
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①These clothes look the same in appearance but they differ greatly ___ materials．
②The two theories differ ________ each other in many ways，so it's easy to remember them．
in
from
③(2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ，my grandmother experienced an entirely _______ (differ) childhood lifestyle from mine．
④(读后续写之主旨升华)看到我们所做出的积极改变，我明白了即使是最小的行动也能产生巨大的影响。
Seeing the positive change we had made，I understood that even the smallest actions can ___________________________．
different
make a huge difference
7．(教材原句)Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when they meet someone else．
*favour vt．较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同(favourite adj．特别受喜爱的 n．特别喜爱的人或事物 favourable adj．赞成的；有利的)
(1)ask sb．a favour 请某人帮忙
do sb．a favour 帮某人的忙
(2)in favour of 支持；赞同；为获得(更好或更需要的事物)
in one's favour 有助于某人；对某人有利
(3)favour doing... 喜欢做……
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①Our products have good fame at home and abroad，deeply __________ (favour) by customers．
②(应用文写作之求助信)We sincerely hope you can do us __ favour and guide us how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play．
favoured
a
③(读后续写之主旨升华)为别人做一件好事带来了一种我之前从未体验过的满足感。
_______________ for someone else brought a sense of satisfaction that I had never experienced before．
④他们大部分人赞成我的观点，而戴维则反对。
Most of them were _____________________ while David was against it．
Doing a favour
in favour of my opinion
8．(教材原句)A smile can break down barriers．We can use a smile to apologise，to greet someone，to ask for help，or to start a conversation．
*break down 消除；分解；打破；打倒；被搞垮，垮掉
break in 破门而入；闯入
break out (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生
break up 结束；破碎
break through 突破
break away from 脱离；逃脱
即学即练 一词多义/单句写作
①Children would bring them close together and break down this invisible barrier． _____
②Over time，the protein in the eggshell breaks down into amino acids(氨基酸)． _____
消除
分解
③(读后续写之行为描写)她正努力改掉这个坏习惯，这使她父母很高兴。
She is trying to ____________________________，which makes her parents happy．
④(读后续写之场景描写)当一切似乎都已垮掉时，一线希望出现了。
When everything seemed to have ______________，a glimmer of hope emerged．
break away from the bad habit
broken down
词汇 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响
2．demonstrate vt．表现；表达；说明；证明
3．anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt．使生气；激怒
4．reliable adj．可靠的；可信赖的
微练 1．(应用文写作之演讲稿)____________________ were like journeys to different worlds．
与书籍的互动就像前往不同世界的旅程。
2．(读后续写之主旨升华)His story ______________________
perseverance．他的故事证明了坚持的力量。
Interactions with books
demonstrates the power of
微练 3．(读后续写之情绪描写)He ___________________________
______．
他深吸了一口气来控制自己的愤怒。
4．John is ______________．Whenever I'm in trouble，he's always the first one to offer his help．
约翰是一个可靠的朋友。每当我遇到麻烦，他总是第一个提供帮助。
took a deep breath to control his
a reliable friend
anger
(教材原句)And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend．
*“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
(1)本句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级含义。
(2)表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构：
①“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等；
②“can/could＋not＋be＋比较级”意为“不可能更……”。
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①The Yangtze River is _______ (long) than any other river in Asia．
②I've never met a _______________ (generous) person than him in my life．
③(应用文写作之介绍信)我觉得这本小说比所有其他的小说都有趣。
I think the novel is _______________ than all the other novels．
longer
more generous
more interesting
课时提升作业(十) (UNIT 4 Reading and Thinking)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：92分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Some have worried that care-giving robots might reduce human __________ (互动) and cause more humans to lose their jobs．
2．Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed __________(合适的)．
interaction
appropriate
3．At the Chinese art festival，there are different stands where artists ___________ (展现)their skills and teach the visitors．
4．He concluded from their remarks that they were not in ________ (支持) of the plan．
5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)That encouragement helped me to get through the language ________ (障碍)．
demonstrate
favour
barrier
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The researchers examined _________ (vary) levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking．
2．The _________ (approve) of others is rewarding，while their disapproval is strongly disliked．
3．(2024·全国甲卷)...I would have preferred a ___________(differ) ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver...
various
approval
different
4．(2024·北京卷)Because arguing ________ (anger) leads to chaos，it was strongly discouraged．
5．Some students don't have a _________ (rely) car，while others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days a week．
angrily
reliable
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
make inferences，by comparison，figure out，vary from...to...，look down
1．Wedding traditions and customs __________ one country ___ another．
2．It took them about one month to _________ how to start the equipment．
3．When he is afraid，he always ___________ shyly．
vary from
to
figure out
looks down
4．______________，some artists seemed to lack imagination and invention．
5．People can sometimes _________________ based on previous knowledge．
By comparison
make inferences
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．他好奇地想知道里面是什么，蹑手蹑脚地走进了黑暗的洞穴。
Curious to know _________________，he tiptoed into the dark cave．
2．我不喜欢他和他妈妈说话的方式。
I don't like the way ___________________________________．
3．成功不总是用金钱来衡量的。
Success ________________________by money．
what was inside
(in which/that) he speaks to his mother
is not always measured
4．在等公共汽车的时候，她幻想着她即将到来的冒险。
While ________________，she daydreamed about her upcoming adventure．
5．没有什么地方比这个小镇更宁静的了。
Nowhere is ________________ this small town．
waiting for the bus
more peaceful than
Ⅴ．补全短文(共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分)
With the quick development of technology，this century has 1．_____________________(见证了巨大的变化) in people's way of communication．The ways of interaction 2．_____________(随着年龄变化而不同)．Older people 3．_________________________(喜欢利用传统的方式)．4．___________(相比之下)，the younger generation 5．_____________(往往会利用) high-tech in their communication with others．As for me，I think both are appropriate，but I 6．___________(赞成) combining the two ways of communication．
witnessed a great change
vary with ages
favour using traditional ways
By contrast
tend to employ
approve of
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
My interest in body language began with a professor of mine at university．He mentioned “Pinocchio” to me one cold morning after saying that I always rubbed my nose when giving excuses for being late to his courses．Actually，when someone tells a lie，the person's blood rushes to the nose and the extra blood makes it itchy (发痒的)．This little example of non-verbal communication inspired me to become a
body language expert．Now，I earn my living by training people in non-verbal communication．Knowing when someone is lying and knowing how to persuade people are two of the most important skills you'll ever learn．
I have spent a lot of time studying the ways the human body gives and they provide more reliable information than the words we speak．The words say one thing but the body may say something completely different．We know that crossed arms can be seen as either defensive or aggressive (攻击性的)，but what about facial expressions，
postures and gestures？All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs．
Business companies always need my services and I try to improve their confidence by teaching them about body language．I give advice about handshakes，which should always be firm and steady，and I teach the importance of personal space．They may seem like small matters，but these codes of behaviour can be the key to making or breaking a business deal．
My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction．I feel that
I'm providing a public service，but it is a service that has had its downside．Whenever I meet someone new and I tell them what I do for a living，they immediately put their guard up and they're no longer relaxed．They quite literally freeze in the attempt to hide all the signals that they think I'm reading．It makes life difficult at times，but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为研究肢体语言的专家，作者论述了肢体语言的重要性，并提到这份特别的工作对自己的影响。
1．What is the author's purpose of mentioning his professor
A．To describe his professor's success．
B．To explain why he chose his career．
C．To show his professor's study of the “Pinocchio” effect．
D．To introduce what impressed him most during his career．
√
B [推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“My interest in body language began with a professor of mine at university...This little example of non-verbal communication inspired me to become a body language expert．”可知，作者大学时的一位老师从作者的肢体语言中发现了他在撒谎，这激起了作者研究肢体语言的兴趣。由此推知，作者提到这位老师是为了解释他从事这项工作的原因。故选B。]
2．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．The body language can tell you the real story behind words．
B．It takes a plenty of time to study the body language．
C．Crossed arms can be regarded as an impolite way．
D．Facial expressions play an important part in the body language．
√
A [段落大意题。根据文章第二段“I have spent a lot of time studying the ways the human body gives and they provide more reliable information than the words we speak．The words say one thing but the body may say something completely different...All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs．”可知，本段讲述了肢体语言可以告诉你语言背后的真实想法。故选A。]
3．Why do people react in an unnatural way when knowing the author's profession
A．They dislike his services．
B．They think he is too proud．
C．They consider him unreliable．
D．They believe he is studying them．
√
D [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三、四句“每当我遇到一个不熟悉的人，我告诉他们我是做什么的，他们就会立刻提高警惕，不再放松。他们逐渐停住不动，试图隐藏他们认为我在揣摩的所有信号”可推知，刚刚接触作者的人听说他的职业后会表现得不自然是因为他们觉得作者会研究他们。故选D。]
4．What can we learn about the author from the text
A．He thinks little of minor gestures．
B．He travels the world giving advice．
C．He is happy with his work．
D．He is good at pretending．
√
C [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction．”及“It makes life difficult at times，but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much．”可推知，作者喜欢自己的工作并能从中获得满足感。故选C。]
B
Body language is an essential part of communication and can be just as important as our spoken language．Body language can be both conscious and unconscious actions，so it is important to make sure your body is sending the same messages as your words to ensure good communication．These actions can strengthen the verbal messages you're sending or they can lead to mistrust and confusion—signs of poor communication and misunderstanding．
Body language can make interacting with others and expressing
yourself much easier，but it can also introduce new challenges．Some non-verbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of us that we don't want others to know．For example，bad posture or fidgeting (坐立不安) may communicate lack of confidence，something we may not intend others to know．But body language can strengthen our verbal messages and solidify what we are telling others．Making eye contact or taking notes while someone is speaking can communicate genuine (真正的) interest．Without these signs，teachers may not be able to assess a student's understanding．
When you're speaking sincerely，it's natural for your body language to respond to your words through gestures or facial expressions．We also use gestures in conversations to tell stories or describe objects often using hand signals to show how big or small something is．These are largely unconscious，naturally occurring forms of body language．
It can be difficult to communicate confidence in your actions when you may not feel it internally．When you display confident body language，such as good posture or eye contact，even if you're making a
conscious effort，studies have shown that it can make you feel more confident．When speaking to others，practice controlling the impulse (冲动) to fidget and planting your feet confidently to increase self-esteem．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了肢体语言在我们生活中的作用。
5．What will your body language tell if it can't go with your speech
A．Probable disbelief．
B．A dull speech．
C．An unclear condition．
D．True meaning behind words．
√
A [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中最后一句“这些行为可能会强化你发送的口头信息，也可能导致不信任和困惑——沟通不畅和误解的迹象。”可知，如果肢体语言与我们的口头语言不一致，就有可能传递不信任和困惑的信息。故选A。]
6．Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 2
A．To show body language can help us all the time．
B．To tell body language can show the true side of us．
C．To explain how challenging it is to read body language．
D．To tell teachers how to judge a student's understanding．
√
B [推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Some non-verbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of us that we don't want others to know．For example，...”可以推断出，作者举例是为了说明有些非语言性的信号能展现我们真实的一面。故选B。]
7．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Hand signals are essential ways to make us understood．
B．Naturally occurring forms of body language make us confident．
C．Proper body language can help us a lot in gaining confidence．
D．When speaking to others，try your best to hide your body language．
√
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When you display confident body language，such as good posture or eye contact，even if you're making a conscious effort，studies have shown that it can make you feel more confident．”可知，作者讲述了合适的肢体语言能让我们展现自信的一面，由此可推断，适当的肢体语言能在获得自信这一方面帮助我们。故选C。]
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Communicating with Body Language
B．Understanding Others by Body Language
C．Being Smart in Showing Your Body Language
D．Getting to Know Your Friends Through Body Language
√
A [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段可知，文章讲述了肢体语言在我们沟通中起到的作用。所以A项“Communicating with Body Language”符合题意。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
So you want to know how to look more confident and think body language is the key？Well，if that's the case，then you've come to the right place！There are many tools and techniques you can use to gain confidence and feel great． 1 ．
Make Eye Contact
2 ．This is a balancing act if you don't know how to do this．You need to know where to look and when to look．Most people will follow your eyes when in conversation，so it's important to get it right．
Keep Your Chin Up
Do you look at the ground when you are walking？ 3 ？If this is the case，make a change．Walk with your head up and your eyes looking forward．Keeping your head up and facing your conversation partner conveys interest，confidence，and other prosocial emotions．
4 4
How you carry yourself will show the world how you feel—think about it: When you're feeling down，you may walk with your head down and everything becomes a drag．When you're feeling confident，you may stand a little taller．Standing up straight will also lift your mood and start to build that all-important confidence within．
Don't Fidget
Fidgeting is an obvious sign of anxiety and nervousness．Nervous movements，like bouncing your knees or tapping your fingers on a table draw attention away from what you are saying and make it hard for others to focus on your message． 5 ．This will make you seem less confident and authoritative．
A．Standing Up Straight
B．Slow Your Movements
C．We will take a look at some of them
D．Do you care about what other people think
E．Is your head always down when you are talking
F．One of the first aspects of body language we must learn is eye contact
G．Other people may think you're nervous or stressed if they see you doing these
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何通过肢体语言展现自信。
1．C [根据上文“所以你想知道如何看起来更自信，并认为肢体语言是关键吗？好吧，如果是这样的话，那么你来对地方了！你可以使用许多手段和技巧来获得自信和感觉良好。”可知，文章要介绍获得自信和感觉良好的手段和技巧。C选项可以承接上文，且引出下文的手段和技巧，选项中的them指代上文的“tools and techniques”。故选C。]
2．F [结合小标题Make Eye Contact和下文的“如果你不知道如何做到这一点，这是一种平衡行为。”可知，此处在谈论学习眼神交流的重要性。F选项与上文内容一致，对应学习眼神交流的重要性。故选F。]
3．E [根据上文“你在走路时会看地面吗？”，且注意空格后的问号，说明空格处是一个疑问句，结合下文“如果是这种情况，那就做出改变。走路时抬头，眼睛向前看。”可推断出，此处在讨论一个常见问题，即是否常常低头讲话或走路。E选项与描述的问题情境一致。故选E。]
4．A [空格处是本段的小标题，根据下文内容可知，本段讲的是站立姿态与情绪的关系。A选项呼应下文关于站立姿态如何影响情绪的讨论。故选A。]
5．G [结合小标题Don't Fidget和下文“这会让你看起来不那么自信和权威。”可知，此处讲的是紧张焦虑姿态的不良影响。G选项与上下文关于紧张的姿态可能看起来不够自信的表述一致。故选G。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
In our interactions with other people，we tend to express specific internal 1．____________(emotion) by employing appropriate body language．But body language differs greatly in different cultures．Sometimes we may have 2．___________(difficult) distinguishing a certain gesture even in an identical culture background．
Failure to interpret a gesture 3．___________(accurate) may lead to communication barriers and even conflicts．Therefore，we should learn
emotions
difficulty
accurately
to peive and assess the joys and sorrows 4．_____________(demonstrate) by someone's body language and adjust the way we talk accordingly．For instance，when a person feels embarrassed or ashamed，he will 5．_________(low) his head or bend over，staring at the ground．If someone boils with anger or experiences anxiety，he will have a tendency 6．________(cross) his arms in front of his chest．When he feels proud，we may witness him 7．______________(straighten) up．Nodding one's head means agreement or approval．From one's eyes barely moving or a distant
demonstrated
lower
to cross
straightening
expression on the face，8．_______ we may infer is that the person is distracted．
Of course，we can't always make reliable inferences because body language 9．________(vary) from culture to culture．Nevertheless，we still call on people to learn to read body language．After all，properly reacting 10．___body language is an important component of our daily routine．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。肢体语言在不同的文化中差异很大，对肢体语言做出正确的反应是我们日常生活的重要组成部分。
what
varies
to
1．emotions [考查名词复数。句意：在我们与他人的互动中，我们倾向于通过使用适当的肢体语言来表达特定的内心情绪。表示多种情绪，用复数形式emotions作宾语。故填emotions。]
2．difficulty [考查词性转换。名词difficulty作宾语，构成短语have difficulty (in) doing sth．“做某事有困难”。故填difficulty。]
3．accurately [考查词性转换。副词accurately作状语，修饰动词interpret。故填accurately。]
4．demonstrated [考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，我们应该学会感知和判断别人的肢体语言所表现出的喜怒哀乐，并相应地调整我们说话的方式。空处为非谓语动词，the joys and sorrows与demonstrate之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填demonstrated。]
5．lower [考查谓语动词。句意：例如，当一个人感到尴尬或羞愧时，他会低下头或弯腰，盯着地面。本句为一般将来时：will＋动词原形。故填lower。]
6．to cross [考查非谓语动词。句意：如果一个人非常愤怒或感到焦虑，他会倾向于将双臂交叉在胸前。have a tendency to do sth．“有做某事的趋向”。故填to cross。]
7．straightening [考查非谓语动词。句意：当他感到骄傲时，我们可以看到他挺直腰板。witness sb．doing sth．“看到某人正在做某事”。故填straightening。]
8．what [考查主语从句。句意：从一个人的眼睛几乎不动或脸上冷漠的表情中，我们可以推断出这个人是分心的。空处为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，用what。故填what。]
9．varies [考查时态。句意：当然，我们不能总是做出可靠的推断，因为肢体语言因文化而异。此处陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为body language，空处为谓语。故填varies。]
10．to [考查介词。句意：毕竟，对肢体语言做出适当的反应是我们日常生活的重要组成部分。react to“对……作出反应”，为固定短语。故填to。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十) (UNIT 4 Reading and Thinking)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：92分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Some have worried that care-giving robots might reduce human ___________ (互动) and cause more humans to lose their jobs．
2．Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed ___________ (合适的)．
3．At the Chinese art festival，there are different stands where artists ___________ (展现)their skills and teach the visitors．
4．He concluded from their remarks that they were not in ______ (支持) of the plan．
5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)That encouragement helped me to get through the language _______ (障碍)．
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The researchers examined _______ (vary) levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking．
2．The ________ (approve) of others is rewarding，while their disapproval is strongly disliked．
3．(2024·全国甲卷)．．．I would have preferred a _________(differ) ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver．．．
4．(2024·北京卷)Because arguing _______ (anger) leads to chaos，it was strongly discouraged．
5．Some students don't have a ________ (rely) car，while others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days a week．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
make inferences，by comparison，figure out，vary from．．．to．．．，look down
1．Wedding traditions and customs __________ one country __ another．
2．It took them about one month to ___________ how to start the equipment．
3．When he is afraid，he always ___________ shyly．
4．______________，some artists seemed to lack imagination and invention．
5．People can sometimes ________________ based on previous knowledge．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．他好奇地想知道里面是什么，蹑手蹑脚地走进了黑暗的洞穴。
Curious to know _________________，he tiptoed into the dark cave．
2．我不喜欢他和他妈妈说话的方式。
I don't like the way ________________________________________________．
3．成功不总是用金钱来衡量的。
Success _________________________ by money．
4．在等公共汽车的时候，她幻想着她即将到来的冒险。
While ______________________，she daydreamed about her upcoming adventure．
5．没有什么地方比这个小镇更宁静的了。
Nowhere is ____________________ this small town．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分)
With the quick development of technology，this century has 1．_____________(见证了巨大的变化) in people's way of communication．The ways of interaction 2．________________(随着年龄变化而不同)．Older people 3．______________________(喜欢利用传统的方式)．4．____________(相比之下)，the younger generation 5．________________(往往会利用) high-tech in their communication with others．As for me，I think both are appropriate，but I 6．___________ (赞成) combining the two ways of communication．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
My interest in body language began with a professor of mine at university．He mentioned “Pinocchio” to me one cold morning after saying that I always rubbed my nose when giving excuses for being late to his courses．Actually，when someone tells a lie，the person's blood rushes to the nose and the extra blood makes it itchy (发痒的)．This little example of non-verbal communication inspired me to become a body language expert．Now，I earn my living by training people in non-verbal communication．Knowing when someone is lying and knowing how to persuade people are two of the most important skills you'll ever learn．
I have spent a lot of time studying the ways the human body gives and they provide more reliable information than the words we speak．The words say one thing but the body may say something completely different．We know that crossed arms can be seen as either defensive or aggressive (攻击性的)，but what about facial expressions，postures and gestures？All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs．
Business companies always need my services and I try to improve their confidence by teaching them about body language．I give advice about handshakes，which should always be firm and steady，and I teach the importance of personal space．They may seem like small matters，but these codes of behaviour can be the key to making or breaking a business deal．
My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction．I feel that I'm providing a public service，but it is a service that has had its downside．Whenever I meet someone new and I tell them what I do for a living，they immediately put their guard up and they're no longer relaxed．They quite literally freeze in the attempt to hide all the signals that they think I'm reading．It makes life difficult at times，but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much．
1．What is the author's purpose of mentioning his professor
A．To describe his professor's success．
B．To explain why he chose his career．
C．To show his professor's study of the “Pinocchio” effect．
D．To introduce what impressed him most during his career．
2．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．The body language can tell you the real story behind words．
B．It takes a plenty of time to study the body language．
C．Crossed arms can be regarded as an impolite way．
D．Facial expressions play an important part in the body language．
3．Why do people react in an unnatural way when knowing the author's profession
A．They dislike his services．
B．They think he is too proud．
C．They consider him unreliable．
D．They believe he is studying them．
4．What can we learn about the author from the text
A．He thinks little of minor gestures．
B．He travels the world giving advice．
C．He is happy with his work．
D．He is good at pretending．
B
Body language is an essential part of communication and can be just as important as our spoken language．Body language can be both conscious and unconscious actions，so it is important to make sure your body is sending the same messages as your words to ensure good communication．These actions can strengthen the verbal messages you're sending or they can lead to mistrust and confusion—signs of poor communication and misunderstanding．
Body language can make interacting with others and expressing yourself much easier，but it can also introduce new challenges．Some non-verbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of us that we don't want others to know．For example，bad posture or fidgeting (坐立不安) may communicate lack of confidence，something we may not intend others to know．But body language can strengthen our verbal messages and solidify what we are telling others．Making eye contact or taking notes while someone is speaking can communicate genuine (真正的) interest．Without these signs，teachers may not be able to assess a student's understanding．
When you're speaking sincerely，it's natural for your body language to respond to your words through gestures or facial expressions．We also use gestures in conversations to tell stories or describe objects often using hand signals to show how big or small something is．These are largely unconscious，naturally occurring forms of body language．
It can be difficult to communicate confidence in your actions when you may not feel it internally．When you display confident body language，such as good posture or eye contact，even if you're making a conscious effort，studies have shown that it can make you feel more confident．When speaking to others，practice controlling the impulse (冲动) to fidget and planting your feet confidently to increase self-esteem．
5．What will your body language tell if it can't go with your speech
A．Probable disbelief．
B．A dull speech．
C．An unclear condition．
D．True meaning behind words．
6．Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 2
A．To show body language can help us all the time．
B．To tell body language can show the true side of us．
C．To explain how challenging it is to read body language．
D．To tell teachers how to judge a student's understanding．
7．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Hand signals are essential ways to make us understood．
B．Naturally occurring forms of body language make us confident．
C．Proper body language can help us a lot in gaining confidence．
D．When speaking to others，try your best to hide your body language．
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Communicating with Body Language
B．Understanding Others by Body Language
C．Being Smart in Showing Your Body Language
D．Getting to Know Your Friends Through Body Language
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
So you want to know how to look more confident and think body language is the key？Well，if that's the case，then you've come to the right place！There are many tools and techniques you can use to gain confidence and feel great． 1 ．
Make Eye Contact
2 ．This is a balancing act if you don't know how to do this．You need to know where to look and when to look．Most people will follow your eyes when in conversation，so it's important to get it right．
Keep Your Chin Up
Do you look at the ground when you are walking？ 3 ？If this is the case，make a change．Walk with your head up and your eyes looking forward．Keeping your head up and facing your conversation partner conveys interest，confidence，and other prosocial emotions．
4
How you carry yourself will show the world how you feel—think about it: When you're feeling down，you may walk with your head down and everything becomes a drag．When you're feeling confident，you may stand a little taller．Standing up straight will also lift your mood and start to build that all-important confidence within．
Don't Fidget
Fidgeting is an obvious sign of anxiety and nervousness．Nervous movements，like bouncing your knees or tapping your fingers on a table draw attention away from what you are saying and make it hard for others to focus on your message． 5 ．This will make you seem less confident and authoritative．
A．Standing Up Straight
B．Slow Your Movements
C．We will take a look at some of them
D．Do you care about what other people think
E．Is your head always down when you are talking
F．One of the first aspects of body language we must learn is eye contact
G．Other people may think you're nervous or stressed if they see you doing these
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
In our interactions with other people，we tend to express specific internal 1．_______________(emotion) by employing appropriate body language．But body language differs greatly in different cultures．Sometimes we may have 2．________________________(difficult) distinguishing a certain gesture even in an identical culture background．
Failure to interpret a gesture 3．________________________(accurate) may lead to communication barriers and even conflicts．Therefore，we should learn to perceive and assess the joys and sorrows 4．________________________(demonstrate) by someone's body language and adjust the way we talk accordingly．For instance，when a person feels embarrassed or ashamed，he will 5．________________________(low) his head or bend over，staring at the ground．If someone boils with anger or experiences anxiety，he will have a tendency 6．___________________(cross) his arms in front of his chest．When he feels proud，we may witness him 7．_______________(straighten) up．Nodding one's head means agreement or approval．From one's eyes barely moving or a distant expression on the face，8．________________________ we may infer is that the person is distracted．
Of course，we can't always make reliable inferences because body language 9．___________(vary) from culture to culture．Nevertheless，we still call on people to learn to read body language．After all，properly reacting 10．_________________ody language is an important component of our daily routine．
课时提升作业(十)
基础过关
Ⅰ.1.interaction 2.appropriate 3.demonstrate 4.favour
5．barrier
Ⅱ.1.various 2.approval 3.different 4.angrily
5．reliable
Ⅲ.1.vary from；to 2.figure out 3.looks down 4.By comparison 5.make inferences
Ⅳ.1.what was inside 2.(in which/that) he speaks to his mother 3.is not always measured 4.waiting for the bus
5．more peaceful than
Ⅴ.1.witnessed a great change 2.vary with ages 3.favour using traditional ways 4.By contrast 5.tend to employ
6．approve of
能力提升
Ⅰ.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B A D C A B C A
Ⅱ.
1 2 3 4 5
C F E A G
Ⅲ.1.emotions 2.difficulty 3.accurately 4.demonstrated
5．lower 6.to cross 7.straightening 8.what 9.varies
10．to
能力提升
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为研究肢体语言的专家，作者论述了肢体语言的重要性，并提到这份特别的工作对自己的影响。
1．B [推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“My interest in body language began with a professor of mine at university...This little example of nonverbal communication inspired me to become a body language expert.”可知，作者大学时的一位老师从作者的肢体语言中发现了他在撒谎，这激起了作者研究肢体语言的兴趣。由此推知，作者提到这位老师是为了解释他从事这项工作的原因。故选B。]
2．A [段落大意题。根据文章第二段“I have spent a lot of time studying the ways the human body gives and they provide more reliable information than the words we speak.The words say one thing but the body may say something completely different...All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs.”可知，本段讲述了肢体语言可以告诉你语言背后的真实想法。故选A。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三、四句“每当我遇到一个不熟悉的人，我告诉他们我是做什么的，他们就会立刻提高警惕，不再放松。他们逐渐停住不动，试图隐藏他们认为我在揣摩的所有信号”可推知，刚刚接触作者的人听说他的职业后会表现得不自然是因为他们觉得作者会研究他们。故选D。]
4．C [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction.”及“It makes life difficult at times，but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much.”可推知，作者喜欢自己的工作并能从中获得满足感。故选C。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了肢体语言在我们生活中的作用。
5．A [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中最后一句“这些行为可能会强化你发送的口头信息，也可能导致不信任和困惑——沟通不畅和误解的迹象。”可知，如果肢体语言与我们的口头语言不一致，就有可能传递不信任和困惑的信息。故选A。]
6．B [推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Some nonverbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of us that we don't want others to know.For example，...”可以推断出，作者举例是为了说明有些非语言性的信号能展现我们真实的一面。故选B。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When you display confident body language，such as good posture or eye contact，even if you're making a conscious effort，studies have shown that it can make you feel more confident.”可知，作者讲述了合适的肢体语言能让我们展现自信的一面，由此可推断，适当的肢体语言能在获得自信这一方面帮助我们。故选C。]
8．A [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段可知，文章讲述了肢体语言在我们沟通中起到的作用。所以A项“Communicating with Body Language”符合题意。故选A。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何通过肢体语言展现自信。
1．C [根据上文“所以你想知道如何看起来更自信，并认为肢体语言是关键吗？好吧，如果是这样的话，那么你来对地方了！你可以使用许多手段和技巧来获得自信和感觉良好。”可知，文章要介绍获得自信和感觉良好的手段和技巧。C选项可以承接上文，且引出下文的手段和技巧，选项中的them指代上文的“tools and techniques”。故选C。]
2．F [结合小标题Make Eye Contact和下文的“如果你不知道如何做到这一点，这是一种平衡行为。”可知，此处在谈论学习眼神交流的重要性。F选项与上文内容一致，对应学习眼神交流的重要性。故选F。]
3．E [根据上文“你在走路时会看地面吗？”，且注意空格后的问号，说明空格处是一个疑问句，结合下文“如果是这种情况，那就做出改变。走路时抬头，眼睛向前看。”可推断出，此处在讨论一个常见问题，即是否常常低头讲话或走路。E选项与描述的问题情境一致。故选E。]
4．A [空格处是本段的小标题，根据下文内容可知，本段讲的是站立姿态与情绪的关系。A选项呼应下文关于站立姿态如何影响情绪的讨论。故选A。]
5．G [结合小标题Don't Fidget和下文“这会让你看起来不那么自信和权威。”可知，此处讲的是紧张焦虑姿态的不良影响。G选项与上下文关于紧张的姿态可能看起来不够自信的表述一致。故选G。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。肢体语言在不同的文化中差异很大，对肢体语言做出正确的反应是我们日常生活的重要组成部分。
1．emotions [考查名词复数。句意：在我们与他人的互动中，我们倾向于通过使用适当的肢体语言来表达特定的内心情绪。表示多种情绪，用复数形式emotions作宾语。故填emotions。]
2．difficulty [考查词性转换。名词difficulty作宾语，构成短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填difficulty。]
3．accurately [考查词性转换。副词accurately作状语，修饰动词interpret。故填accurately。]
4．demonstrated [考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，我们应该学会感知和判断别人的肢体语言所表现出的喜怒哀乐，并相应地调整我们说话的方式。空处为非谓语动词，the joys and sorrows与demonstrate之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填demonstrated。]
5．lower [考查谓语动词。句意：例如，当一个人感到尴尬或羞愧时，他会低下头或弯腰，盯着地面。本句为一般将来时：will＋动词原形。故填lower。]
6．to cross [考查非谓语动词。句意：如果一个人非常愤怒或感到焦虑，他会倾向于将双臂交叉在胸前。have a tendency to do sth.“有做某事的趋向”。故填to cross。]
7．straightening [考查非谓语动词。句意：当他感到骄傲时，我们可以看到他挺直腰板。witness sb.doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”。 故填straightening。]
8．what [考查主语从句。句意：从一个人的眼睛几乎不动或脸上冷漠的表情中，我们可以推断出这个人是分心的。空处为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，用what。故填what。]
9．varies [考查时态。句意：当然，我们不能总是做出可靠的推断，因为肢体语言因文化而异。此处陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为body language，空处为谓语。故填varies。]
10．to [考查介词。句意：毕竟，对肢体语言做出适当的反应是我们日常生活的重要组成部分。react to“对……作出反应”，为固定短语。故填to。]
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