Period 3 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking)
1．(教材原句)Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life．
*devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(devoted adj．挚爱的；忠诚的 devotion n．关爱；奉献)
(1)devote...to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心
devote oneself to sb．/sth． 致力于；献身于
(2)be devoted to (doing) sth． 专心于(做某事)；致力于(做某事)
单句语法填空/单句写作/句式升级
①You will never gain success unless you are fully ___________ (devote) to your work．
②I still remember what you have devoted ___________ improving my oral English and writing skills．
③We have learned a great deal from her ___________ (devote) to her work and her willingness to help others．
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)她全身心投入她的工作，我非常敬重她这一点。
She has _______________，for which I respect her a lot．
⑤As the scientist is devoted to his research，he seldom goes to the cinema with his family．
→________________，the scientist seldom goes to the cinema with his family．(过去分词短语作状语)
2．(教材原句)Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice．
*convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服(convinced adj．确信的；深信的 convincing adj．令人信服的；有说服力的)
(1)convince sb．to do sth． 说服某人做某事
convince sb．of sth． 使某人相信某事
convince sb．that... 使某人相信……
(2)be convinced that... 确信……
单句语法填空/句式升级
①I want to convince them ___________ my honesty．
②The saying convinces me ___________ it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student．
③We are ___________ (convince)that the competition will be a great success．
④I'm convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance，so I sincerely hope you can help us．
→________________________________________________________________，I sincerely hope you can help us．(过去分词短语作状语)
3．(教材原句)The common assumption then was that it could not be done．
*assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume vt．假定；假设)
(1)make an assumption 认为；假定
(2)assume sb．/sth．to be... 假定/假设某人/某物为……
It is assumed that... 人们认为……
(3)assuming (that)... 假如……
单句语法填空/一句多译
①You must admit that your argument is based on a completely false ___________ (assume)．
②___________ (assume) that I am chosen to be a volunteer at the Olympics，I will serve the people heart and soul．
③据我所知，很多人认为他是对的。
a．As far as I'm concerned，a great many people _____________________．(assume)
b．As far as I'm concerned，a great many people _________________________．
(assumption)
4．(教材原句)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains...
*estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
(1)It is estimated that... 据估计……
(2)by estimate 按照估计
below estimate 低于估计
单句语法填空/单句写作
①It is difficult ___________ (estimate) how many animals lost their lives in the forest fire．
②The damage to property caused by the earthquake ___________ (estimate) at $6 million．
③据估计，现在世界上有10亿人正遭受饥饿之苦。
________________________________________________ one billion people in the world are suffering from hunger now．
5．(教材原句)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains...
*comprise vt．包括；包含；由……组成
be comprised of/be made up of/be composed of/consist of 由……组成(或构成)
一句多译
早餐由粥和三明治组成，闻起来美味极了。
①The breakfast，______________________ porridge and sandwiches，smelt extremely delicious．(be comprised/composed of)
②The breakfast，____________________ porridge and sandwiches，smelt extremely delicious．(consist of)
③The breakfast，______________________ porridge and sandwiches，smelt extremely delicious．(be made up of)
6．(教材原句)To deal with this crisis，he chose to study agriculture．
*deal with 处理；对付；对待；与……做生意；涉及
deal with中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问词how连用，表示“怎么处理/对待”；同义短语为do with，其中的do为及物动词，表示“怎么处理/对待”时，与疑问词what连用。
单句写作/一句多译
①(读后续写之情绪描写)他吓得愣在原地，不知道如何处理这个情况。
He stood frozen with fear，unknowing ______________________．
②我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。
a．I don't know ______________________ the problem．(deal with)
b．I don't know ______________________ the problem．(do with)
词汇 1．shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺 2．boost vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励 3．attain vt．(通常经过努力)获得；得到 4．overcome vt．克服；解决；战胜 5．reality n．现实；实际情况；事实
微练 1．(应用文写作之环境保护)The ______________________ problem has drawn widespread attention from society． 水资源短缺问题已经引起了社会的广泛关注。 2．The award not only ______________________ but also ignited a passion for writing within me． 这个奖项不仅增强了我的信心，还在我内心点燃了写作的热情。 3．(读后续写之情绪描写)Aliya shouted angrily，looking at the marks she ______________________ in her maths test． 阿里娅看着自己在数学测试中取得的成绩，生气地大喊起来。 4．He ______________________ and ultimately succeeded in reaching his goals． 他克服了各种困难，并且最终成功地实现了他的目标。 5．Outwardly she seemed confident but ______________________． 表面上看，她似乎信心十足，而实际上她感觉极其地紧张。
(教材原句)Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure．
*given that引导条件状语从句
given的用法：
(1)用作give的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等，此时要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。
(2)可用作介词，后接名词或代词；或与that连用，构成连词(后接从句)，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。
(3)用作形容词，意为“特定的”“指定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。
单句语法填空/句型转换
①The work must be done within the ______________________ (give)time．
②If the trees had been given more attention，they could have grown better．
→______________________，the trees could have grown better．
③If they are given time，they'll probably agree．
→______________________，they'll probably agree．
④Given her interest in children，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her．
→______________________，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her．
Period 3
核心词汇
1．①devoted ②to ③devotion ④been devoted to her work ⑤Devoted to his research
2．①of ②that ③convinced ④Convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance
3．①assumption ②Assuming ③assumed that he was right；made an assumption that he was right
4．①to estimate ②was estimated ③It is estimated that
5．①composed of/comprised of ②consisting of ③made up of
6．①how to deal with the situation ②how they will deal with；what they will do with
要点拾遗
1．water shortage 2．boosted my confidence 3．had attained 4．overcame various difficulties 5．in reality she felt extremely nervous
句法句式
①given ②Given more attention ③Given time ④Given that she is interested in children
5/5(共72张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 5
WORKING THE LAND
主题语境 人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物
Period 3 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking)
1．(教材原句)Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life．
*devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(devoted adj．挚爱的；忠诚的 devotion n．关爱；奉献)
(1)devote...to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心
devote oneself to sb．/sth． 致力于；献身于
(2)be devoted to (doing) sth． 专心于(做某事)；致力于(做某事)
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作/句式升级
①You will never gain success unless you are fully _____________ (devote) to your work．
②I still remember what you have devoted _____ improving my oral English and writing skills．
③We have learned a great deal from her ________ (devote) to her work and her willingness to help others．
devoted
to
devotion
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)她全身心投入她的工作，我非常敬重她这一点。
She has _____________________，for which I respect her a lot．
⑤As the scientist is devoted to his research，he seldom goes to the cinema with his family．
→_________________________，the scientist seldom goes to the cinema with his family．(过去分词短语作状语)
been devoted to her work
Devoted to his research
2．(教材原句)Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice．
*convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服(convinced adj．确信的；深信的 convincing adj．令人信服的；有说服力的)
(1)convince sb．to do sth． 说服某人做某事
convince sb．of sth． 使某人相信某事
convince sb．that... 使某人相信……
(2)be convinced that... 确信……
即学即练 单句语法填空/句式升级
①I want to convince them ___ my honesty．
②The saying convinces me ________ it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student．
③We are _________ (convince)that the competition will be a great success．
of
that
convinced
④I'm convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance，so I sincerely hope you can help us．
→_______________________________________________________，I sincerely hope you can help us．(过去分词短语作状语)
Convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance
3．(教材原句)The common assumption then was that it could not be done．
*assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume vt．假定；假设)
(1)make an assumption 认为；假定
(2)assume sb．/sth．to be... 假定/假设某人/某物为……
It is assumed that... 人们认为……
(3)assuming (that)... 假如……
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①You must admit that your argument is based on a completely false ___________ (assume)．
②__________ (assume) that I am chosen to be a volunteer at the Olympics，I will serve the people heart and soul．
assumption
Assuming
③据我所知，很多人认为他是对的。
a．As far as I'm concerned，a great many people _____________
_____________．(assume)
b．As far as I'm concerned，a great many people _____________
___________________________．(assumption)
made an
assumed that
he was right
assumption that he was right
4．(教材原句)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains...
*estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
(1)It is estimated that... 据估计……
(2)by estimate 按照估计
below estimate 低于估计
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①It is difficult ___________ (estimate) how many animals lost their lives in the forest fire．
②The damage to property caused by the earthquake ____________
(estimate) at $6 million．
③据估计，现在世界上有10亿人正遭受饥饿之苦。
___________________ one billion people in the world are suffering from hunger now．
to estimate
was estimated
It is estimated that
5．(教材原句)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains...
*comprise vt．包括；包含；由……组成
be comprised of/be made up of/be composed of/consist of
由……组成(或构成)
即学即练 一句多译
早餐由粥和三明治组成，闻起来美味极了。
①The breakfast，____________________________ porridge and sandwiches，smelt extremely delicious．(be comprised/composed of)
②The breakfast，____________ porridge and sandwiches，smelt extremely delicious．(consist of)
③The breakfast，___________ porridge and sandwiches，smelt extremely delicious．(be made up of)
composed of/comprised of
consisting of
made up of
6．(教材原句)To deal with this crisis，he chose to study agriculture．
*deal with 处理；对付；对待；与……做生意；涉及
deal with中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问词how连用，表示“怎么处理/对待”；同义短语为do with，其中的do为及物动词，表示“怎么处理/对待”时，与疑问词what连用。
即学即练 单句写作/一句多译
①(读后续写之情绪描写)他吓得愣在原地，不知道如何处理这个情况。
He stood frozen with fear，unknowing ________________________．
②我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。
a．I don't know ______________________ the problem．(deal with)
b．I don't know _____________________ the problem．(do with)
how to deal with the situation
how they will deal with
what they will do with
词汇 1．shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺
2．boost vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
3．attain vt．(通常经过努力)获得；得到
4．overcome vt．克服；解决；战胜
5．reality n．现实；实际情况；事实
微练 1．(应用文写作之环境保护)The ______________ problem has drawn widespread attention from society．
水资源短缺问题已经引起了社会的广泛关注。
2．The award not only ____________________ but also ignited a passion for writing within me．
这个奖项不仅增强了我的信心，还在我内心点燃了写作的热情。
water shortage
boosted my confidence
微练 3．(读后续写之情绪描写)Aliya shouted angrily，looking at the marks she ___________ in her maths test．
阿里娅看着自己在数学测试中取得的成绩，生气地大喊起来。
4．He ____________________________ and ultimately succeeded in reaching his goals．
他克服了各种困难，并且最终成功地实现了他的目标。
5．Outwardly she seemed confident but _______________________
___________．
表面上看，她似乎信心十足，而实际上她感觉极其地紧张。
had attained
overcame various difficulties
in reality she felt extremely
nervous
(教材原句)Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure．
*given that引导条件状语从句
given的用法：
(1)用作give的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等，此时要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。
(2)可用作介词，后接名词或代词；或与that连用，构成连词(后接从句)，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。
(3)用作形容词，意为“特定的”“指定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。
即学即练 单句语法填空/句型转换
①The work must be done within the _____ (give)time．
②If the trees had been given more attention，they could have grown better．
→____________________，the trees could have grown better．
③If they are given time，they'll probably agree．
→___________，they'll probably agree．
given
Given more attention
Given time
④Given her interest in children，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her．
→___________________________________，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her．
Given that she is interested in children
课时提升作业(十三) (UNIT 5 Reading and Thinking)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：94分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The government is determined to ______(解决)the problem of poverty．
2．Travel promotes understanding，_______(扩展)our minds，makes us better people，and ______(提升)local economies．
tackle
expands
boosts
3．He finally ________(获得)his goal of becoming a famous writer．
4．It is __________ (估计) that the economic loss caused by the natural disaster amounts to billions of dollars．
5．Her collection is __________ (由……组成)of various works of art，including paintings，sculptures，and photographs．
attained
estimated
comprised
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．His ________ (devote) to the cause of environmental protection is inspiring．
2．Climate change has led to an increasing water ________(short) in many areas．
devotion
shortage
3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber，a graduate of Colorado State University，started out as a more ________________(convention) veterinarian．
4．His ___________(assume) that he would win the prize turned out to be wrong．
5．There has been a slight increase in the ____________(consume) of meat．
conventional
assumption
consumption
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
be devoted to，be comprised of，deep down，far form，depend on
1．__________，she knew that what she was doing was wrong．
2．She is ________ being lazy；in fact，she is very hard-working．
3．Whether we go on a picnic or not __________ the weather．
4．The book ______________ ten chapters，each covering a different topic．
5．The scientist _____________ researching new ways to solve environmental problems．
Deep down
far from
depends on
is comprised of
is devoted to
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．这本书，被视为文学经典，已经被翻译成多种语言。
The book，____________________________，has been translated into many languages．
2．我非常感激我的英语老师，她激励我追求文学事业。
My English teacher，___________________________，has inspired me to pursue a career in literature．
known as a classic of literature
to whom I am deeply grateful
3．据估计，到达目的地还需要大约三个小时。
_________________ it will take around three hours to get to the destination．
4．鉴于外面雨下得很大，我们最好待在室内。
__________________________________，we'd better stay indoors．
5．让人生真正有意义的是对梦想的追求。
________________________________ is the pursuit of one's dreams．
It is estimated that
Given that it's raining heavily outside
What makes life truly meaningful
Ⅴ．补全短文(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分)
In the past，our country faced 1．___________________(食物的短缺)．2．____________________(为了解决这个危机)，scientists 3．____________________(专心致力于)doing numerous research 4．_____________(提高产量)．They 5．_______________________
(克服了各种困难)to improve conventional crops．After dozens of years，their efforts paid off．They 6．________________________
_________________ (取得了显著的成就)in agricultural production．
the shortage of food
To tackle this crisis
were devoted to
to boost yields
overcame various difficulties
attained outstanding
achievements
With joint efforts，our country has worked out the problem of food and entirely 7．____________________(减轻了贫困)．Yuan Longping，is one of these respectable scientists．He cares little for celebrity or money．He made great achievements to our country．
alleviated the poverty
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
If you were to place all the rice consumed each year on one side of a scale (天平)，and every person in the world on the other，the scale would tip heavily towards rice's favor．This beloved crop contributes over 20% of the calories consumed by humans each year．
The roots of rice go back thousands of years when early farmers in Asia，Africa，and South America each independently planted the crop．Asian rice，however，spread widely and is now a cornerstone of diet and culture in Asia and beyond．
Many plant geneticists believe that Asian rice originated in what's now China．Over 10，000 years ago，nomadic (游牧的)hunters in the region began gathering and eating seeds from a weedy grass．Around 9，000 years ago，they started planting these seeds．With each harvest，growers selected and replanted seeds from the rice plants that pleased them most—like those with bigger grains．Over thousands of years，thousands of varieties of Asian rice emerged．
Traditionally，growers plant rice in paddy fields—flat land submerged (淹没)under as much as 10 centimeters of water throughout the growing season．This practice returns high yields since many competing weeds can't survive in such an environment．But the technique consumes plenty of water．Rice covers 11% of global cropland，but uses over a third of the world's irrigation water (灌溉用水)．
This form of rice production also produces a surprising quantity of greenhouse gases．Flooded fields are the perfect breeding grounds for microorganisms known as methanogens (产甲烷菌)．The rice farming contributes around 12% of human-caused methane emissions each year．
Greenhouse gases come from many—sometimes unexpected—places．Making rice growing more sustainable is just one of the many challenges we'll need to face to avoid disastrous warming．Today，many rice growers still flood fields all season long．Changing old practices requires a major mindset shift，but going against the grain could be just what we need to keep our planet healthy and our bowls full．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述水稻在人类食物中的重要性以及传统种植水稻的方式带来的问题。
1．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The history of Asian rice．
B．The influence of Asian rice．
C．The farming of Asian rice．
D．The advantage of Asian rice．
√
A [段落大意题。根据文章第三段“Over 10，000 years ago...Around 9，000 years ago...Over thousands of years”可知，本段按照时间顺序主要讲亚洲水稻的历史。故选A项。]
2．What is the advantage of growing rice in paddy fields
A．It can make the rice more delicious．
B．It can protect the rice from other weeds．
C．It can enable rice to adapt to a variety of climates．
D．It can reduce the amount of water needed for irrigation．
√
B [细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句可知，在水田里种植水稻的优点是它可以保护水稻免受其他杂草的侵害。故选B项。]
3．What can we learn about the current way of planting rice
A．It is facing more and more challenges．
B．It has been unable to meet the demand for rice．
C．It requires the introduction of new technologies．
D．It should be improved to be environmentally friendly．
√
D [推理判断题。由文章第五段第一句及第六段最后一句可推知，目前的水稻种植方式应该改进，使其更加环保。故选D项。]
4．In which section of a newspaper will the text appear
A．Health． B．Science．
C．Agriculture． D．History．
√
C [文章出处题。本文主要讲述水稻在人类食物中的重要性以及传统种植水稻的方式带来的问题。由此推知，这篇文章应出现在报纸的“农业”版块。故选C项。]
B
The issue of how to feed a growing population is a crucial issue for the 21st century．The issue was high on the agenda (当务之急)at the recent United Nations Climate Change Conference in Egypt．According to the UN，by 2050 we will need to produce 60% more food to feed a world population of 9.3 billion．
Cambridge Judge Business School supports a number of businesses which aim to promote sustainable (可持续发展的)agriculture practices．One of the most important fields is precision (精准)agriculture，the science of improving crop yields and assisting management decisions using the latest technology．
Outfield Technologies is targeting high value fruit farming．Farmers buy their own drones (无人机)，and then the Outfield software creates flight plans over the farm and processes the images taken by the drones．
By counting the fruit on branches and measuring trees，farmers can see where to apply fertilizer with greater precision，reducing usage and improving soil sustainability．Outfield's software can also recommend where to start harvesting to reduce waste and labour (劳动力) costs．The rising cost of labour globally has become a huge issue within the agricultural industry，for reasons including the shortage of backpackers (some of whom become seasonal workers)in New Zealand，and the rise of minimum pay in South Africa．
The data gathered by drones can also predict yields．“Priming” the supply chain ensures a smoother journey from the farm to fruit bowls in your home．When an apple is picked，it is stored in a refrigerated environment for up to six months before being transported to a pack house to be washed，sorted，packaged，before being moved to a delivery centre and finally appearing on supermarket shelves．The chain depends heavily on transportation，but by predicting yields，Outfield aims to reduce waste as traders can predict fruit levels and reduce greenhouse gases caused by refrigerated storage．
Outfield co-founder Oil Hilbourne said，“The agricultural industry needs more investment (投资)to change．More money for 5G，education and investment in start-ups．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了全球人口增长带来的粮食问题，以及如何通过精准农业等可持续农业实践来解决这个问题。
5．Why does the author mention the Climate Change Conference in Egypt
A．To show the solutions it gave．
B．To point out what's wrong with its agenda．
C．To stress the seriousness of the food problem．
D．To explain why the population keeps growing．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“如何养活不断增长的人口是21世纪的一个关键问题。这个问题是最近在埃及举行的联合国气候变化会议的重要议题。”可知，提到在埃及召开的气候变化会议是为了强调粮食问题的严重性。故选C项。]
6．What does Outfield Technologies do for farmers
A．It offers them free flights．
B．It monitors farms for them．
C．It teaches them about high value fruits．
D．It uses drone-taken images to advertise farms．
√
B [细节理解题。根据第三段的内容“农民们购买自己的无人机，然后Outfield软件在农场上空创建飞行计划，并处理无人机拍摄的图像。”可知，该公司会利用无人机替农场主监控果园。故选B项。]
7．What labour problems are different countries facing
A．Pay in South Africa is very low．
B．South Africa can't agree on minimum pay．
C．Backpackers in New Zealand fail to get paid fairly．
D．New Zealand isn't drawing enough seasonal workers．
√
D [推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“全球劳动力成本上升已成为农业行业的一个巨大问题，原因包括新西兰背包客(其中一些人成为季节性工人)的短缺，以及南非最低工资标准的提高。”可推知，新西兰没有吸引足够的季节性工人。故选D项。]
8．What would be the best title for the text
A．The Future of Farming
B．The Trend of Fruit Picking
C．The Promising Market of High Value Fruits
D．The Positive Effects of Farming on the Environment
√
A [标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句“其中最重要的领域之一是精准农业，这是一门利用最新技术提高作物产量和协助管理决策的科学。”以及纵观全文可知，这篇文章讨论了使用技术(如无人机和精准农业)来提高作物产量、减少浪费和解决农业领域的劳工问题。这些主题都与农业的未来以及技术进步如何改变农业紧密相关。由此可知，A项“The Future of Farming (农业的未来)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Think back to the last time you shopped for fruit and vegetables．You may have noticed some items labelled with the word “organic”． 1 1
“Organic” refers to the way food is grown．To be labelled as organic，food production must meet strict guidelines．These can be different depending on where you live．In the United States，organic food must be grown or raised without using pesticides or chemical fertilizers．
2 That changed after the Industrial Revolution．During the 20th century，many ideas that were used by factories and big businesses were put into action on farms．This helped some farms grow larger and produce more．
However，the organic movement was started to get back to the old traditional ways of farming．Why？Many people believe the chemicals and pesticides used in modern farming can be harmful to your health． 3 And those who support the organic movement also point to its benefits for the environment．
Have you ever compared organic and non-organic food at the grocery store？If so，you know that organic food tends to cost more．This happens for many reasons．Organic farming produces fewer crops． 4 Additionally，organic farms spend more money taking care of the animals they raise．These and other factors drive the cost of organic food up．
Is organic food worth the extra cost？Some people believe it is．They may think it tastes better or just prefer to eat food that has not been grown using chemicals． 5 They are still trying to find a major difference between organic and non-organic food in terms of safety，nutrition，or taste．Still，others argue that the environmental benefits of organic food make it worth the price．
A．Have you ever wondered what that means
B．The cost of production is also usually higher．
C．For most of history，almost all food was organic．
D．Many people are willing to pay more for organic food．
E．Some people also think organic food is naturally more nutritious．
F．Are you wondering if organic food is right for you
G．Scientists have studied organic and non-organic food for many years now．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于有机食品的一些相关信息。
1．A [根据上文“你可能注意到一些标有‘有机’字样的物品”及下文“‘Organic’ refers to the way food is grown．”可知，选项应以问题的方式提出“有机”是什么意思，承上启下。故A选项“你有没有想过那是什么意思？”切题。故选A项。]
2．C [根据下文“工业革命后，情况发生了变化。”可知，选项说明工业革命前的情况。故C选项“在历史的大部分时间里，几乎所有的食物都是有机的。”切题。故选C项。]
3．E [根据上文“许多人认为现代农业中使用的化学物质和杀虫剂会对你的健康有害。”可知，选项应承接上文说明另一些人的看法。故E选项“一些人还认为有机食品自然更有营养。”切题。故选E项。]
4．B [根据上文“如果是这样的话，你知道有机食品往往价格更高。这种情况有很多原因。有机农业生产的作物较少。”可知，选项应承接上文，说明有机食品价格高的原因。故B选项“生产成本通常也较高。”切题。故选B项。]
5．G [根据下文“他们仍在努力寻找有机食品和非有机食品在安全性、营养或味道方面的主要区别。”可知，科学家对有机食品和非有机食品研究了很多年了。故G选项“科学家们已经研究有机和非有机食品多年了。”切题。故选G项。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival
As you may know，the seventh Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival falls on Sept．22，1．__________ is the Autumn Equinox day (秋分) of this year．
which
The Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival is the first national holiday 2．__________ (specific)set up for farmers．It was established in 2018 and falls on the annual “Autumn Equinox”．The 3．_____________ (establish)of the “Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival” will greatly stimulate the enthusiasm，initiative，and creativity of billions of farmers，4．__________ enhance their sense of honor，happiness，and sense of achievement．5．__________ (hold)the “Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival” can showcase the tremendous achievements of rural reform and development，and also showcase China's ancient tradition 6．__________ putting agriculture first．
specifically
establishment
and
Holding
of
With the approval of the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival，the specific work will be organized and 7．__________ (perform)by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and relevant departments．
In May 2020，six 8．__________ (individual) 9．_________________
(appoint)as “Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival Promotion Ambassadors”．
In 2021，Deyang，Sichuan，Changsha，Hunan，and Jiaxing，Zhejiang respectively represented the upper，middle，and lower reaches of the Yangtze River 10．__________ (host)three home activities at the level of the China Farmers Harvest Festival Organization and Guidance Committee．
performed
individuals
were appointed
to host
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“中国农民丰收节”的设立背景、意义、庆祝活动以及相关的组织机构等信息，旨在让读者全面了解这一节日的重要性和价值。
1．which [考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Sept．22，指物，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。]
2．specifically [考查副词。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰。故填specifically。]
3．establishment [考查名词。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，establish的名词形式是establishment，为不可数名词。故填establishment。]
4．and [考查连词。根据“stimulate the enthusiasm，initiative，and creativity of billions of farmers”和“enhance their sense of honor，happiness，and sense of achievement”可知，两者是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。]
5．Holding [考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词can showcase，所以hold用非谓语形式，此处需用动词-ing形式作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Holding。]
6．of [考查介词。根据句意，此处表达“中国农业优先的古老传统”，应该用介词of，表示“……的……”。故填of。]
7．performed [考查动词语态。根据and可知，空处应和organized并列，所以空处应填过去分词形式表被动关系。故填performed。]
8．individuals [考查名词复数。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词，根据six可知，用复数形式。故填individuals。]
9．were appointed [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。appoint作本句谓语，和主语six 之间是被动关系，用被动语态。根据时间状语In May 2020可知，此处应用一般过去时。且主语为复数形式，故用were。故填were appointed。]
10．to host [考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词represented，所以host用非谓语形式。根据句意，此处表达“去举办”之意，表目的，用不定式。故填to host。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十三) (UNIT 5 Reading and Thinking)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：94分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The government is determined to ____________(解决)the problem of poverty．
2．Travel promotes understanding，____________(扩展)our minds，makes us better people，and ____________(提升)local economies．
3．He finally ____________(获得)his goal of becoming a famous writer．
4．It is ____________ (估计) that the economic loss caused by the natural disaster amounts to billions of dollars．
5．Her collection is ____________ (由……组成)of various works of art，including paintings，sculptures，and photographs．
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．His ____________ (devote) to the cause of environmental protection is inspiring．
2．Climate change has led to an increasing water ____________(short) in many areas．
3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber，a graduate of Colorado State University，started out as a more ____________(convention) veterinarian．
4．His ____________(assume) that he would win the prize turned out to be wrong．
5．There has been a slight increase in the ____________(consume) of meat．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
be devoted to，be comprised of，deep down，far form，depend on
1．____________，she knew that what she was doing was wrong．
2．She is ____________ being lazy；in fact，she is very hard-working．
3．Whether we go on a picnic or not ____________ the weather．
4．The book ____________ ten chapters，each covering a different topic．
5．The scientist ____________ researching new ways to solve environmental problems．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．这本书，被视为文学经典，已经被翻译成多种语言。
The book，________________________，has been translated into many languages．
2．我非常感激我的英语老师，她激励我追求文学事业。
My English teacher，________________________，has inspired me to pursue a career in literature．
3．据估计，到达目的地还需要大约三个小时。
________________________ it will take around three hours to get to the destination．
4．鉴于外面雨下得很大，我们最好待在室内。
________________________，we'd better stay indoors．
5．让人生真正有意义的是对梦想的追求。
________________________ is the pursuit of one's dreams．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分)
In the past，our country faced 1．________________________(食物的短缺)．2．________________________________(为了解决这个危机)，scientists 3．_______________________________________(专心致力于)doing numerous research 4．_____________________________________(提高产量)．They 5．________________________________________(克服了各种困难)to improve conventional crops．After dozens of years，their efforts paid off．They 6．_______________________________ (取得了显著的成就)in agricultural production．With joint efforts，our country has worked out the problem of food and entirely 7．________________________(减轻了贫困)．Yuan Longping，is one of these respectable scientists．He cares little for celebrity or money．He made great achievements to our country．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
If you were to place all the rice consumed each year on one side of a scale (天平)，and every person in the world on the other，the scale would tip heavily towards rice's favor．This beloved crop contributes over 20% of the calories consumed by humans each year．
The roots of rice go back thousands of years when early farmers in Asia，Africa，and South America each independently planted the crop．Asian rice，however，spread widely and is now a cornerstone of diet and culture in Asia and beyond．
Many plant geneticists believe that Asian rice originated in what's now China．Over 10，000 years ago，nomadic (游牧的)hunters in the region began gathering and eating seeds from a weedy grass．Around 9，000 years ago，they started planting these seeds．With each harvest，growers selected and replanted seeds from the rice plants that pleased them most—like those with bigger grains．Over thousands of years，thousands of varieties of Asian rice emerged．
Traditionally，growers plant rice in paddy fields—flat land submerged (淹没)under as much as 10 centimeters of water throughout the growing season．This practice returns high yields since many competing weeds can't survive in such an environment．But the technique consumes plenty of water．Rice covers 11% of global cropland，but uses over a third of the world's irrigation water (灌溉用水)．
This form of rice production also produces a surprising quantity of greenhouse gases．Flooded fields are the perfect breeding grounds for microorganisms known as methanogens (产甲烷菌)．The rice farming contributes around 12% of human-caused methane emissions each year．
Greenhouse gases come from many—sometimes unexpected—places．Making rice growing more sustainable is just one of the many challenges we'll need to face to avoid disastrous warming．Today，many rice growers still flood fields all season long．Changing old practices requires a major mindset shift，but going against the grain could be just what we need to keep our planet healthy and our bowls full．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述水稻在人类食物中的重要性以及传统种植水稻的方式带来的问题。
1．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The history of Asian rice．
B．The influence of Asian rice．
C．The farming of Asian rice．
D．The advantage of Asian rice．
2．What is the advantage of growing rice in paddy fields
A．It can make the rice more delicious．
B．It can protect the rice from other weeds．
C．It can enable rice to adapt to a variety of climates．
D．It can reduce the amount of water needed for irrigation．
3．What can we learn about the current way of planting rice
A．It is facing more and more challenges．
B．It has been unable to meet the demand for rice．
C．It requires the introduction of new technologies．
D．It should be improved to be environmentally friendly．
4．In which section of a newspaper will the text appear
A．Health． B．Science．
C．Agriculture． D．History．
B
The issue of how to feed a growing population is a crucial issue for the 21st century．The issue was high on the agenda (当务之急)at the recent United Nations Climate Change Conference in Egypt．According to the UN，by 2050 we will need to produce 60% more food to feed a world population of 9.3 billion．
Cambridge Judge Business School supports a number of businesses which aim to promote sustainable (可持续发展的)agriculture practices．One of the most important fields is precision (精准)agriculture，the science of improving crop yields and assisting management decisions using the latest technology．
Outfield Technologies is targeting high value fruit farming．Farmers buy their own drones (无人机)，and then the Outfield software creates flight plans over the farm and processes the images taken by the drones．
By counting the fruit on branches and measuring trees，farmers can see where to apply fertilizer with greater precision，reducing usage and improving soil sustainability．Outfield's software can also recommend where to start harvesting to reduce waste and labour (劳动力) costs．The rising cost of labour globally has become a huge issue within the agricultural industry，for reasons including the shortage of backpackers (some of whom become seasonal workers)in New Zealand，and the rise of minimum pay in South Africa．
The data gathered by drones can also predict yields．“Priming” the supply chain ensures a smoother journey from the farm to fruit bowls in your home．When an apple is picked，it is stored in a refrigerated environment for up to six months before being transported to a pack house to be washed，sorted，packaged，before being moved to a delivery centre and finally appearing on supermarket shelves．The chain depends heavily on transportation，but by predicting yields，Outfield aims to reduce waste as traders can predict fruit levels and reduce greenhouse gases caused by refrigerated storage．
Outfield co-founder Oil Hilbourne said，“The agricultural industry needs more investment (投资)to change．More money for 5G，education and investment in start-ups．”
5．Why does the author mention the Climate Change Conference in Egypt
A．To show the solutions it gave．
B．To point out what's wrong with its agenda．
C．To stress the seriousness of the food problem．
D．To explain why the population keeps growing．
6．What does Outfield Technologies do for farmers
A．It offers them free flights．
B．It monitors farms for them．
C．It teaches them about high value fruits．
D．It uses drone-taken images to advertise farms．
7．What labour problems are different countries facing
A．Pay in South Africa is very low．
B．South Africa can't agree on minimum pay．
C．Backpackers in New Zealand fail to get paid fairly．
D．New Zealand isn't drawing enough seasonal workers．
8．What would be the best title for the text
A．The Future of Farming
B．The Trend of Fruit Picking
C．The Promising Market of High Value Fruits
D．The Positive Effects of Farming on the Environment
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Think back to the last time you shopped for fruit and vegetables．You may have noticed some items labelled with the word “organic”． 1
“Organic” refers to the way food is grown．To be labelled as organic，food production must meet strict guidelines．These can be different depending on where you live．In the United States，organic food must be grown or raised without using pesticides or chemical fertilizers．
2 That changed after the Industrial Revolution．During the 20th century，many ideas that were used by factories and big businesses were put into action on farms．This helped some farms grow larger and produce more．
However，the organic movement was started to get back to the old traditional ways of farming．Why？Many people believe the chemicals and pesticides used in modern farming can be harmful to your health． 3 And those who support the organic movement also point to its benefits for the environment．
Have you ever compared organic and non-organic food at the grocery store？If so，you know that organic food tends to cost more．This happens for many reasons．Organic farming produces fewer crops． 4 Additionally，organic farms spend more money taking care of the animals they raise．These and other factors drive the cost of organic food up．
Is organic food worth the extra cost？Some people believe it is．They may think it tastes better or just prefer to eat food that has not been grown using chemicals． 5 They are still trying to find a major difference between organic and non-organic food in terms of safety，nutrition，or taste．Still，others argue that the environmental benefits of organic food make it worth the price．
A．Have you ever wondered what that means
B．The cost of production is also usually higher．
C．For most of history，almost all food was organic．
D．Many people are willing to pay more for organic food．
E．Some people also think organic food is naturally more nutritious．
F．Are you wondering if organic food is right for you
G．Scientists have studied organic and non-organic food for many years now．
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival
As you may know，the seventh Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival falls on Sept．22，1． is the Autumn Equinox day (秋分) of this year．
The Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival is the first national holiday 2． (specific)set up for farmers．It was established in 2018 and falls on the annual “Autumn Equinox”．The 3． (establish)of the “Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival” will greatly stimulate the enthusiasm，initiative，and creativity of billions of farmers，4． enhance their sense of honor，happiness，and sense of achievement．5． (hold)the “Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival” can showcase the tremendous achievements of rural reform and development，and also showcase China's ancient tradition 6． putting agriculture first．
With the approval of the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival，the specific work will be organized and 7． (perform)by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and relevant departments．
In May 2020，six 8． (individual) 9． (appoint)as “Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival Promotion Ambassadors”．In 2021，Deyang，Sichuan，Changsha，Hunan，and Jiaxing，Zhejiang respectively represented the upper，middle，and lower reaches of the Yangtze River 10． (host)three home activities at the level of the China Farmers Harvest Festival Organization and Guidance Committee．
课时提升作业(十三)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．tackle 2．expands；boosts 3．attained 4．estimated 5．comprised
Ⅱ．1．devotion 2．shortage 3．conventional 4．assumption 5．consumption
Ⅲ．1．Deep down 2．far from 3．depends on 4．is comprised of 5．is devoted to
Ⅳ．1．known as a classic of literature 2．to whom I am deeply grateful 3．It is estimated that 4．Given that it's raining heavily outside 5．What makes life truly meaningful
Ⅴ．1．the shortage of food 2．To tackle this crisis 3．were devoted to 4．to boost yields 5．overcame various difficulties 6．attained outstanding achievements
7．alleviated the poverty
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A B D C C B D A
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
A C E B G
Ⅲ．1．which 2．specifically 3．establishment 4．and 5．Holding 6．of 7．performed 8．individuals 9．were appointed 10．to host
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Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述水稻在人类食物中的重要性以及传统种植水稻的方式带来的问题。
1．A [段落大意题。根据文章第三段“Over 10，000 years ago．．．Around 9，000 years ago．．．Over thousands of years”可知，本段按照时间顺序主要讲亚洲水稻的历史。故选A项。]
2．B [细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句可知，在水田里种植水稻的优点是它可以保护水稻免受其他杂草的侵害。故选B项。]
3．D [推理判断题。由文章第五段第一句及第六段最后一句可推知，目前的水稻种植方式应该改进，使其更加环保。故选D项。]
4．C [文章出处题。本文主要讲述水稻在人类食物中的重要性以及传统种植水稻的方式带来的问题。由此推知，这篇文章应出现在报纸的“农业”版块。故选C项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了全球人口增长带来的粮食问题，以及如何通过精准农业等可持续农业实践来解决这个问题。
5．C [推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“如何养活不断增长的人口是21世纪的一个关键问题。这个问题是最近在埃及举行的联合国气候变化会议的重要议题。”可知，提到在埃及召开的气候变化会议是为了强调粮食问题的严重性。故选C项。]
6．B [细节理解题。根据第三段的内容“农民们购买自己的无人机，然后Outfield软件在农场上空创建飞行计划，并处理无人机拍摄的图像。”可知，该公司会利用无人机替农场主监控果园。故选B项。]
7．D [推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“全球劳动力成本上升已成为农业行业的一个巨大问题，原因包括新西兰背包客(其中一些人成为季节性工人)的短缺，以及南非最低工资标准的提高。”可推知，新西兰没有吸引足够的季节性工人。故选D项。]
8．A [标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句“其中最重要的领域之一是精准农业，这是一门利用最新技术提高作物产量和协助管理决策的科学。”以及纵观全文可知，这篇文章讨论了使用技术(如无人机和精准农业)来提高作物产量、减少浪费和解决农业领域的劳工问题。这些主题都与农业的未来以及技术进步如何改变农业紧密相关。由此可知，A项“The Future of Farming (农业的未来)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于有机食品的一些相关信息。
1．A [根据上文“你可能注意到一些标有‘有机’字样的物品”及下文“‘Organic’ refers to the way food is grown．”可知，选项应以问题的方式提出“有机”是什么意思，承上启下。故A选项“你有没有想过那是什么意思？”切题。故选A项。]
2．C [根据下文“工业革命后，情况发生了变化。”可知，选项说明工业革命前的情况。故C选项“在历史的大部分时间里，几乎所有的食物都是有机的。”切题。故选C项。]
3．E [根据上文“许多人认为现代农业中使用的化学物质和杀虫剂会对你的健康有害。”可知，选项应承接上文说明另一些人的看法。故E选项“一些人还认为有机食品自然更有营养。”切题。故选E项。]
4．B [根据上文“如果是这样的话，你知道有机食品往往价格更高。这种情况有很多原因。有机农业生产的作物较少。”可知，选项应承接上文，说明有机食品价格高的原因。故B选项“生产成本通常也较高。”切题。故选B项。]
5．G [根据下文“他们仍在努力寻找有机食品和非有机食品在安全性、营养或味道方面的主要区别。”可知，科学家对有机食品和非有机食品研究了很多年了。故G选项“科学家们已经研究有机和非有机食品多年了。”切题。故选G项。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“中国农民丰收节”的设立背景、意义、庆祝活动以及相关的组织机构等信息，旨在让读者全面了解这一节日的重要性和价值。
1．which [考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Sept．22，指物，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。]
2．specifically [考查副词。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰。故填specifically。]
3．establishment [考查名词。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，establish的名词形式是establishment，为不可数名词。故填establishment。]
4．and [考查连词。根据“stimulate the enthusiasm，initiative，and creativity of billions of farmers”和“enhance their sense of honor，happiness，and sense of achievement”可知，两者是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。]
5．Holding [考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词can showcase，所以hold用非谓语形式，此处需用动词ing形式作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Holding。]
6．of [考查介词。根据句意，此处表达“中国农业优先的古老传统”，应该用介词of，表示“……的……”。故填of。]
7．performed [考查动词语态。根据and可知，空处应和organized并列，所以空处应填过去分词形式表被动关系。故填performed。]
8．individuals [考查名词复数。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词，根据six可知，用复数形式。故填individuals。]
9．were appointed [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。appoint作本句谓语，和主语six ________之间是被动关系，用被动语态。根据时间状语In May 2020可知，此处应用一般过去时。且主语为复数形式，故用were。故填were appointed。]
10．to host [考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词represented，所以host用非谓语形式。根据句意，此处表达“去举办”之意，表目的，用不定式。故填to host。]
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