Period 4 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
非限制性定语从句
美文诵读 语法体悟
Mount Tai is famous for its natural scenery，①which attracts numerous tourists all over the world．Mount Tai boasts 156 peaks，②among which Jade Emperor Peak，Heaven Candle Peak and Sun Viewing Peak are the most famous．③As is known to all，Sun Viewing Peak is an ideal place，④where tourists can see beautiful sunrise． Mount Tai is recognised as a sacred place，⑤whose culture is also fascinating．It was highly thought of in the ancient times，⑥when many emperors held the ceremony of offering sacrifices to heaven and earth to pray and say thanks for peace and prosperity． ①是关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句； ②是介词＋关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句； ③是关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句； ④是关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句； ⑤是关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句； ⑥是关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句。
一、非限制性定语从句的特点
1．非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，是对先行词的附加说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。
The children，who wanted to have a journey，were disappointed when the journey was cancelled．
那些想旅行的孩子因旅行的取消而感到失望。
That they will get married，which has not been announced，has spread around．
他们要结婚的消息还没有被宣布，就已经被传开了。
2．非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个主句或其中的一部分，且常译成与主句并列的句子。
On April 1st they flew to Beijing，where they stayed several days．(先行词为Beijing)
4月1日他们乘飞机去北京，在那里他们待了好几天。
We'll graduate in July，when we will be free．(先行词为in July)
我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。
He often comes to school late，which makes his teacher angry．(先行词为整个主句)
他经常上学迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。
单句语法填空/单句写作
①He likes the beautiful city，_______ he has lived for a long time．
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu，_____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon，William Shakespeare's hometown．
③Mr．Smith，_______ native language is English，can speak Chinese fluently．
④(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska，_______ became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres．
⑤金先生的双腿受了重伤，很快被送往了医院。
Mr． King，____________________________，was quickly taken to hospital．
二、非限制性定语从句中需要注意的几个问题
1．关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，但可用for which代替。
He didn't tell us the reason，for which he went abroad without telling anybody．
他没有告诉我们为何在没有告诉任何人的情况下他就去了国外。
2．非限制性定语从句由“介词＋关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代词用which或whom。
There was an earthquake attacking this area the other day，in which some people were injured．
几天前这个地区发生了一场地震，在这次地震中有一些人受伤了。
Mr． Smith，for whom I was working，was very generous about overtime pay．
史密斯先生是我的老板，他在给加班费时非常慷慨。
3．在“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句中，介词的选择原则：
(1)根据介词与动词的搭配关系。
There are some details in the project，about which the manager cares much．(care about)
在这个项目中有一些细节，对此经理非常关心。
(2)根据介词与形容词的搭配关系。
I introduced some subjects to her，in which she may be interested．(be interested in)
我向她介绍了一些她可能感兴趣的学科。
(3)根据介词与先行词的关系。
The president said that he didn't need any reason，for which the plan couldn't be carried out．(for any reason)
总统表示，他不需要任何理由来解释为何该计划无法实施。
(4)根据所属(或部分与整体)的关系。
There stands a building，the elevators of which often go out of order．(of the building)
那里矗立着一座楼，这座楼的电梯经常出故障。
4．as，which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
as which
指代 通常指代整个主句的内容，有时也指代主句的一部分 既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分或单个的名词或代词
位置 引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导的从句只能位于主句之后
意义 正如 这，那
功能 起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句
As we all know，the situation of the real estate in this town is changing．
众所周知，这个城镇的房地产形势正在发生变化。
单句语法填空/单句写作
①There are two buildings，the larger of _______ stands nearly a hundred feet high．
②(2023·全国甲卷)Yet，the form of the fable still has values today，____ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow．”
③众所周知，经常散步对我们的健康有很大的好处。
____________________，walking regularly does a lot of good to our health．
④这是她第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们都很吃惊。
It is the third time that she has won the race，____________________________．
⑤他是一个经验丰富的人，我们可以从他那里学到很多东西。
He is a man of great experience，_____________________________．
Period 4
语法精讲
即时训练1
①where ②who ③whose ④which ⑤whose legs were badly hurt
即时训练2
①which ②as ③As is known to all ④which has surprised us all ⑤from whom we can learn much
1 / 4(共68张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 1
PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
主题语境 人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物
非限制性定语从句
美文诵读
Mount Tai is famous for its natural scenery，①which attracts numerous tourists all over the world．Mount Tai boasts 156 peaks，②among which Jade Emperor Peak，Heaven Candle Peak and Sun Viewing Peak are the most famous．③As is known to all，Sun Viewing Peak is an ideal place，④where tourists can see beautiful sunrise．
Mount Tai is recognised as a sacred place，⑤whose culture is also fascinating．It was highly thought of in the ancient times，⑥when many emperors held the ceremony of offering sacrifices to heaven and earth to pray and say thanks for peace and prosperity．
语法体悟
①是关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句；
②是介词＋关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句；
③是关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句；
④是关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句；
⑤是关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句；
⑥是关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句。
一、非限制性定语从句的特点
1．非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，是对先行词的附加说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。
The children，who wanted to have a journey，were disappointed when the journey was cancelled．
那些想旅行的孩子因旅行的取消而感到失望。
That they will get married，which has not been announced，has spread around．
他们要结婚的消息还没有被宣布，就已经被传开了。
2．非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个主句或其中的一部分，且常译成与主句并列的句子。
On April 1st they flew to Beijing，where they stayed several days．(先行词为Beijing)
4月1日他们乘飞机去北京，在那里他们待了好几天。
We'll graduate in July，when we will be free．(先行词为in July)
我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。
He often comes to school late，which makes his teacher angry．(先行词为整个主句)
他经常上学迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。
即时训练1 单句语法填空/单句写作
①He likes the beautiful city，_______ he has lived for a long time．
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu，_____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon，William Shakespeare's hometown．
③Mr．Smith，_______ native language is English，can speak Chinese fluently．
where
who
whose
④(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska，_______ became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres．
⑤金先生的双腿受了重伤，很快被送往了医院。
Mr． King，______________________，was quickly taken to hospital．
which
whose legs were badly hurt
二、非限制性定语从句中需要注意的几个问题
1．关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，但可用for which代替。
He didn't tell us the reason，for which he went abroad without telling anybody．
他没有告诉我们为何在没有告诉任何人的情况下他就去了国外。
2．非限制性定语从句由“介词＋关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代词用which或whom。
There was an earthquake attacking this area the other day，in which some people were injured．
几天前这个地区发生了一场地震，在这次地震中有一些人受伤了。
Mr． Smith，for whom I was working，was very generous about overtime pay．
史密斯先生是我的老板，他在给加班费时非常慷慨。
3．在“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句中，介词的选择原则：
(1)根据介词与动词的搭配关系。
There are some details in the project，about which the manager cares much．(care about)
在这个项目中有一些细节，对此经理非常关心。
(2)根据介词与形容词的搭配关系。
I introduced some subjects to her，in which she may be interested．(be interested in)
我向她介绍了一些她可能感兴趣的学科。
(3)根据介词与先行词的关系。
The president said that he didn't need any reason，for which the plan couldn't be carried out．(for any reason)
总统表示，他不需要任何理由来解释为何该计划无法实施。
(4)根据所属(或部分与整体)的关系。
There stands a building，the elevators of which often go out of order．(of the building)
那里矗立着一座楼，这座楼的电梯经常出故障。
4．as，which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
as which
指代 通常指代整个主句的内容，有时也指代主句的一部分 既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分或单个的名词或代词
位置 引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导的从句只能位于主句之后
as which
意义 正如 这，那
功能 起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句
As we all know，the situation of the real estate in this town is changing．
众所周知，这个城镇的房地产形势正在发生变化。
即时训练2 单句语法填空/单句写作
①There are two buildings，the larger of _______ stands nearly a hundred feet high．
②(2023·全国甲卷)Yet，the form of the fable still has values today，____ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow．”
③众所周知，经常散步对我们的健康有很大的好处。
____________________，walking regularly does a lot of good to our health．
which
as
As is known to all
④这是她第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们都很吃惊。
It is the third time that she has won the race，____________________ ________．
⑤他是一个经验丰富的人，我们可以从他那里学到很多东西。
He is a man of great experience，_____________________________．
which has surprised us
all
from whom we can learn much
课时提升作业(二) (UNIT 1 Learning About Language)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．Some people always talk loudly in public，_______ is really annoying．
2．Leo Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one，but he had one particular shining star in his life—his uncle，_____ was a well-known actor．
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：98.5分)
which
who
3．In the park there are many flowers，_______ colour is bright and nice．
4．____ is the case with the original painting in the Louvre Paris，the digital Mona Lisa is the star attraction．
5．Participants，most of ______ are middle school students，will meet at the Olympic forest park．
6．We had a word quiz every day when we were young，from _______ we still benefit a lot．
whose
As
whom
which
7．We'll put off the outing until next week，______ we won't be busy．
8．More nature-centred tourist attractions，_______ man and nature live in harmony，can be greatly impacted．
9．One major breakthrough came in 1990，______ the Hubble Space Telescope was launched．
10．She caught sight of a fisherman at a distance，with _______ help she climbed to an open area．
when
where
when
whose
Ⅱ．完成句子(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
1．(应用文写作之报道)上周五我们参加了一个志愿者活动，该活动拓宽了我们的视野。
We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday，________________ _____________．
2．(应用文写作之建议信)对你来说，没有什么比听英文歌更能帮助你的了，你会从中受益良多。
For you，nothing can help you more than listening to English songs，_____________________________ a lot．
which expanded
our horizons
from which you will benefit
3．众所周知，他是一位国际大师，这意味着我将向这个比赛中最优秀的人学习。
_______________________，he is an international grand-master，_____________ I will learn from one of the game's best．
4．游客们被西湖深深吸引了，西湖的美景总是让他们流连忘返。
The tourists are fascinated by the West Lake，______________ never fails to attract them．
5．游客通常会去唐人街的古董店，在那里他们可以买到精美的花瓶。
Tourists usually go to antique shops in China town，______________ _______________ elegant vases．
As is known to all
which means
whose beauty
in which/where
they can buy
6．正如你所看到的，孩子们很受激励，他们也对阅读所有这些书满怀热情。
________________，the children are really encouraged，and they are also enthusiastic about reading all of these books．
7．因此，他们不得不采取一系列措施，但这些措施都不足以阻止这场灾难的发生。
As a consequence，they had to take a series of steps，_______________ was powerful enough to prevent the disaster．
As you can see
none of which
8．我们会把野餐推到下周，那时天气可能会更好。
We'll put off the picnic until next week，_____________________ be better．
when it's likely to
Ⅲ．短文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
I went to an exhibition last month，1．_______ I admired a lot of wonderful paintings．Mary，2．_______ drawings were shown at the exhibition，is a model student 3．__________ is often praised for her good work at school．As soon as we got into the exhibition hall 4．_______ the paintings were on show，our eyes were caught by a very large picture 5．____________ was hung on the wall in front of us．The horse 6．_____________ was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse．The man 7．_________ was riding on it looked like a
where
whose
who/that
where
that/which
that/which
who
living man．It was the best picture 8．______ I had ever seen，and I should say Mary is the best young painter 9．______ I have ever heard of．However，you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter．One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter 10．______ has ever been heard of in her hometown．But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it，I will certainly agree with you．
that
that
that
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
The National Geographic Society (NGS)，a global nonprofit organization，honors this year's National Geographic Explorer of the Year—biologist and environmentalist Fernando Trujillo—and celebrates his accomplishments in protecting the Amazonian river dolphin．
In honor of his great contribution to working with local communities in South America to co-create measures that protect endangered marine(海洋的) wildlife and ecosystems，the NGS is pleased to announce that Fernando Trujillo is the 2024 winner of the Rolex National Geographic Explorer of the Year Award．
The award recognizes a member of the National Geographic Explorer community who tries his best to raise awareness of important issues，discoveries and challenges facing our planet to generate a sustainable(可持续的) future．
“Fernando is a solutions-driven changemaker who has spent more than 30 years researching and explaining key issues that impact our planet，” said Jill Tiefenthaler，CEO of the NGS．“His work in South America enhances protection for endangered wildlife and supports sustainable practices for the betterment of local communities．The Society is especially proud to name Fernando the 2024 National Geographic Explorer of the Year to show the positive，significant difference he continues to make for our planet and those who call it home．”
Fernando has had a long history with the Society，receiving his first award in 2008 to study the Amazonian river dolphins in Brazil and Peru．Fernando has spent decades studying wildlife with special attention to the Amazonian pink river dolphins in South America．
“As the Amazonia experiences some of the most extreme climate disasters in decades，it is important to shine a spotlight on this issue，conduct deeper research and generate solutions to protect this region，” says Fernando．“Through this award，the Society is providing a loudspeaker for me to reach a global audience and encourage them to learn more and to care about the changes impacting our planet．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国家地理学会授予生物学家和环保保护主义者Fernando Trujillo“国家地理年度探险人物”奖，表彰他在保护亚马孙河豚方面的成就。
1．Who is most likely to receive the National Geographic Explorer of the Year Award
A．An individual who discovers the most new species．
B．A scientist who contributes a lot to space exploration．
C．A community member who spares no effort to make a sustainable planet．
D．An environmentalist who raises the most funds for environmental protection．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第三段“国家地理年度探险人物奖旨在表彰国家地理探索者社区的一员，这个人会尽最大努力提高人们对我们星球面临的重要问题、发现和挑战的认识，以创造一个可持续的未来。”可推知，最有可能获得该奖项的是不遗余力建设可持续地球的社员。故选C。]
2．What does Jill Tiefenthaler's statement suggest about Fernando's work
A．It is full of danger．
B．It targets climate effects．
C．It centers on solving problems．
D．It benefits those without home．
√
C [细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“NGS首席执行官Jill Tiefenthaler表示‘Fernando是一位以解决方案为导向的变革者，他花了三十多年的时间研究和解释影响我们星球的关键问题。’”可知，Fernando是一位以解决方案为导向的变革者，他研究和解释影响地球的关键问题，所以他的工作以解决问题为中心。故选C。]
3．What impact does the award have on Fernando
A．It will increase his influence around the world．
B．It will bring financial support for his future work．
C．It will provide opportunities for him to work with government．
D．It will enable him to learn more about extreme climate disasters．
√
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“通过这个奖项，学会为我提供了宣传，让我接触到全球观众，鼓励他们了解更多并关心影响我们星球的变化。”可知，Fernando获奖这件事有助于增加他在全球范围内的影响力。故选A。]
4．Which of the following can best describe Fernando
A．Adventurous and lonely．
B．Devoted and responsible．
C．Famous and ambitious．
D．Innovative and imaginative．
√
B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“celebrates his accomplishments in protecting the Amazonian river dolphin”和第四段中的“the positive，significant difference he continues to make for our planet and those who call it home”可知，他在保护亚马孙河豚方面作出了重要贡献，并致力于改善地球环境，由此可推测出，他非常有责任心；根据第四段中的“who has spent more than 30 years researching and explaining key issues that impact our planet”可知，他花了三十多年时间研究和解释影响地球的关键问题，由此可推测出，他非常有奉献精神。故选B。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
As is known，Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time．He was also a really great person．
Einstein learned from making mistakes．
1 He said he needed a desk，some paper and pencil．He also needed a basket to hold his mistakes．This shows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes．
2 .
Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework．One day，he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too．
Einstein considered time to be important．
He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was a waste of time as people already wore shoes．He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it． 3 He knew what was worth remembering．It is true that if we are going to do great things in our lives，we cannot waste time．
Einstein liked to joke too．
In one exam，a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year's．Einstein replied the questions were the same，but the answers were different． 4 .
When Einstein was a child，his teachers used to say he was not clever．However，Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements． 5 So，never be discouraged!
A．Einstein was also very modest．
B．What a humorous person he is!
C．Einstein was also strict with his students．
D．Give students a chance to correct their mistakes．
E．That's why he never remembered his own phone number．
F．If we ever feel like giving up when we have problems，we should think of him．
G．When Einstein started to work in America，someone asked him what he needed．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱因斯坦个人的一些伟大之处。
1．G [根据下文“He said he needed a desk，some paper and pencil．(他说他需要一张桌子，一些纸和铅笔)”可知，G项“当爱因斯坦开始在美国工作时，有人问他需要什么”符合语境，引出下文，故选G。]
2．A [本段讲最伟大的科学家爱因斯坦也认为数学也很难，说明他谦虚的品质，A项“爱因斯坦也非常谦虚”，是最佳小标题，故选A。]
3．E [根据小标题和上文“He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was a waste of time as people already wore shoes．He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it．”可知，上文用具体事例说明爱因斯坦不会做一些浪费时间的事，E项“这就是为什么他从不记得自己的电话号码”承接上文，举出另一个例子。故选E。]
4．B [由小标题“Einstein liked to joke too．(爱因斯坦也喜欢开玩笑)”和本段具体事例说明爱因斯坦很幽默，B项“他是一个多么幽默的人啊”承接上文讲爱因斯坦拥有幽默感。故选B。]
5．F [根据上文可知，爱因斯坦被老师说不聪明，也没有放弃努力工作，可见永远不要遇到问题就放弃、气馁，承接上文，F项“当我们遇到问题时，如果我们想要放弃，我们应该想到他”符合语境。故选F。]
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT．She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 1 the minds of millions of people worldwide．
Born in Kolkata，India，Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 2 ．Her courage as a researcher comes from her 3 ，who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by 4 to fund her own education．Meanwhile，Sarkar's father inspired her interest in 5 ．Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 6 ，fashioning devices to make home life more 7 ，including an electricity-free washing machine．“That got me very
8 in science and technology，” Sarkar says．
After 9 a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad，Sarkar 10 California to study nanoelectronics．There，she tested new ways to 11 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 12 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics． 13 ，she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice．
Along the way，Sarkar became fascinated with the 14 ，which she calls “the lowest energy computer”．She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains．“Our brains are 15 ，but we could be better than what we are，” she says．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍的是纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及所取得的成就。
1．A．enrich B．read
C．affect D．poison
C [考查动词词义辨析。句意：她正在进行影响全世界数百万人心智的脑部疾病研究。根据“She is conducting her research on brain diseases that ___________ the minds of millions of people worldwide．”可知，这种疾病正在影响数百万人的心智。故选C。]
√
2．A．birds B．researchers
C．failures D．inspirations
D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔出生于印度加尔各答，她认为父母是她早年的灵感来源。根据“Sarkar credits both of her parents as early”及下文“Meanwhile，Sarkar's father inspired her interest”可知，萨卡尔认为父母是她早期的灵感来源，给了她启发。故选D。]
√
3．A．aunt B．mother
C．sister D．grandmother
B [考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自她的母亲，她母亲年轻时违背她所在村庄的社会规范，通过努力工作为自己的教育提供资金。根据“who as a young woman went against social norms in her village by ___________ to fund her own education”可知，这一句描述萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时做的事情。故选B。]
√
4．A．working B．pretending
C．refusing D．waiting
A [考查动词词义辨析。根据“to fund her own education”可知，萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时违背社会规范，努力工作为自己的教育提供资金。故选A。]
√
5．A．politics B．history
C．engineering D．sport
C [考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，萨卡尔的父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣。根据下文“including an electricity-free washing machine”及“After ____________ a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad”可知，父亲让萨卡尔喜欢上了工程学。故选C。]
√
6．A．job B．holiday
C．discomfort D．passion
D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲腾出时间来实现自己的爱好，制作各种设备，让家庭生活更方便，其中包括一台免电洗衣机。根据“fashioning devices to make home life more ___________，including an electricity-free washing machine”可知，父亲会腾出时间来研究自己的爱好。故选D。]
√
7．A．complex B．convenient
C．peaceful D．meaningful
B [考查形容词词义辨析。根据“fashioning devices to make home life more”可知，父亲制作设备是为了让家庭生活更方便。故选B。]
√
8．A．interested B．honest
C．lucky D．disappointed
A [考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这让我对科学技术产生了浓厚的兴趣。”Sarkar说。根据上文“Sarkar's father inspired her interest in ___________”可知，父亲影响了萨卡尔在科技上的兴趣。故选A。]
√
9．A．starting B．earning
C．needing D．introducing
B [考查动词词义辨析。句意：在印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，萨卡尔前往加州学习纳米电子学。根据“Sarkar ___________ California to study nanoelectronics”可知，萨卡尔在印度获得了学位后，继续去美国学习纳米电子学。故选B。]
√
10．A．adapted to B．related to
C．headed to D．belonged to
C [考查动词短语辨析。根据上文可知，此处表示前往美国学习深造。故选C。]
√
11．A．create B．fix
C．operate D．sell
A [考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其他日常电子产品的耗电量。根据“she tested new ways”可知，萨卡尔测试了制造纳米器件的新方法。故选A。]
√
12．A．water B．money
C．power D．time
C [考查名词词义辨析。根据“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics”可知，计算机和其他日常电子产品需要电力来驱动。故选C。]
√
13．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately
C．Obviously D．Eventually
D [考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她通过开发一种出色的纳米器件取得了突破。根据“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice”可知，最终，她获得了突破。故选D。]
√
14．A．computer B．brain
C．exercise D．fashion
B [考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此过程中，萨卡尔开始对大脑着迷，她称之为“最低能量的计算机”。根据“which she calls ‘the lowest energy computer’”可知，此处“最低能量的计算机”指的是人脑。故选B。]
√
15．A．empty B．busy
C．relaxed D．remarkable
D [考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们的大脑是非凡的，但我们可以做得更好。”她说。根据“but we could be better than what we are”并结合常识可知，人脑的潜力无限大，所以是非凡的。故选D。]
√
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Ghanim Al-Muftah, ambassador of Qatar World Cup, was born with a rare condition known as Caudal Regression Syndrome(CRS)．That is, the disease causes its patients to be born without the lower half of the body．One would expect Ghanim to use a wheelchair 1．____________ (natural), but he insists on 2．____________(move) around on his hands．He believes that he should make use of everything he is blessed with, 3．____________ encourages us to live life positively．
naturally
moving
which
Ghanim 4．______________(encounter) all kinds of challenges up to now in his life, especially extensive medical interventions and surgery．But he has a firm belief that with faith, 5．___________(commit) and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions．
Despite his disability, Ghanim has overcome extreme 6．__________ (difficulty) with positivity and leadership, and this is what makes him 7．____________ exceptional figure． 8．____________ surprises the whole world is that he is now leading a wonderful life despite his disability． His story is really 9．____________ (inspire)． He is an excellent individual of today's youth and an advocate for 10．__________ (disable) people across the world．
has encountered
commitment
difficulties
an
What
inspiring
disabled
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了卡塔尔世界杯大使Ghanim Al-Muftah的励志故事。
1．naturally [考查词性转换。句意：人们会认为Ghanim自然会使用轮椅， 但他坚持用手走动。作句子的状语用副词形式。故填naturally。]
2．moving [考查非谓语动词。insist on doing sth．坚持做某事， 动词-ing形式作宾语。故填moving。]
3．which [考查定语从句。句意：他相信他应该利用他所拥有的一切， 这鼓励我们积极地生活。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词， 先行词为主句内容， 在非限制性定语从句中担当主语， 用关系代词which。故填which。]
4．has encountered [考查时态和主谓一致。 根据时间状语“up to now”可知， 本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“Ghanim”， 单数， 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has encountered。]
5．commitment [考查词性转换。根据空前“faith”和空后“hard work”可知， 空处为名词形式。故填commitment。]
6．difficulties [考查名词的数。名词difficulty意为“困难的事情”时， 为可数名词；根据本句句意可知， 这里指的是很多困难的事情， 用名词的复数形式。故填difficulties。]
7．an [考查冠词。修饰单数可数名词“figure”， 表示泛指， 用不定冠词；空后单词exceptional的发音以元音音素开头， 用an。故填an。]
8．What [考查名词性从句。这里为主语从句的引导词， 主语从句缺少主语， 表示物， 用what引导；位于句首， 首字母大写。故填What。]
9．inspiring [考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知， 空处为形容词作表语。inspire的形容词有两种形式：inspired, 意为“受到鼓舞的”， 修饰人；inspiring, 意为“鼓舞人心的”， 通常修饰物。本句指的是他的故事“鼓舞人心”。故填inspiring。]
10．disabled [考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知， 空处为形容词， 修饰空后的名词“people”， 表示“有残疾的”。故填disabled。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(二) (UNIT 1 Learning About Language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：98.5分)
(对应数智分层作业第3页)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．Some people always talk loudly in public，_______ is really annoying．
2．Leo Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one，but he had one particular shining star in his life—his uncle，_____ was a well-known actor．
3．In the park there are many flowers，_______ colour is bright and nice．
4．____ is the case with the original painting in the Louvre Paris，the digital Mona Lisa is the star attraction．
5．Participants，most of ______ are middle school students，will meet at the Olympic forest park．
6．We had a word quiz every day when we were young，from _______ we still benefit a lot．
7．We'll put off the outing until next week，______ we won't be busy．
8．More nature-centred tourist attractions，_______ man and nature live in harmony，can be greatly impacted．
9．One major breakthrough came in 1990，______ the Hubble Space Telescope was launched．
10．She caught sight of a fisherman at a distance，with _______ help she climbed to an open area．
Ⅱ．完成句子(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
1．(应用文写作之报道)上周五我们参加了一个志愿者活动，该活动拓宽了我们的视野。
We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday，_____________________________．
2．(应用文写作之建议信)对你来说，没有什么比听英文歌更能帮助你的了，你会从中受益良多。
For you，nothing can help you more than listening to English songs，_____________________________ a lot．
3．众所周知，他是一位国际大师，这意味着我将向这个比赛中最优秀的人学习。
____________________，he is an international grand-master，_____________ I will learn from one of the game's best．
4．游客们被西湖深深吸引了，西湖的美景总是让他们流连忘返。
The tourists are fascinated by the West Lake，______________ never fails to attract them．
5．游客通常会去唐人街的古董店，在那里他们可以买到精美的花瓶。
Tourists usually go to antique shops in China town，___________________ elegant vases．
6．正如你所看到的，孩子们很受激励，他们也对阅读所有这些书满怀热情。
________________，the children are really encouraged，and they are also enthusiastic about reading all of these books．
7．因此，他们不得不采取一系列措施，但这些措施都不足以阻止这场灾难的发生。
As a consequence，they had to take a series of steps，_______________ was powerful enough to prevent the disaster．
8．我们会把野餐推到下周，那时天气可能会更好。
We'll put off the picnic until next week，_____________________ be better．
Ⅲ．短文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
I went to an exhibition last month，1．_______ I admired a lot of wonderful paintings．Mary，2．_______ drawings were shown at the exhibition，is a model student 3．__________ is often praised for her good work at school．As soon as we got into the exhibition hall 4．_______ the paintings were on show，our eyes were caught by a very large picture 5．____________ was hung on the wall in front of us．The horse 6．____________ was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse．The man 7．_____ was riding on it looked like a living man．It was the best picture 8．______ I had ever seen，and I should say Mary is the best young painter 9．______ I have ever heard of．However，you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter．One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter 10．______ has ever been heard of in her hometown．But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it，I will certainly agree with you．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
The National Geographic Society (NGS)，a global nonprofit organization，honors this year's National Geographic Explorer of the Year—biologist and environmentalist Fernando Trujillo—and celebrates his accomplishments in protecting the Amazonian river dolphin．
In honor of his great contribution to working with local communities in South America to co-create measures that protect endangered marine(海洋的) wildlife and ecosystems，the NGS is pleased to announce that Fernando Trujillo is the 2024 winner of the Rolex National Geographic Explorer of the Year Award．
The award recognizes a member of the National Geographic Explorer community who tries his best to raise awareness of important issues，discoveries and challenges facing our planet to generate a sustainable(可持续的) future．
“Fernando is a solutions-driven changemaker who has spent more than 30 years researching and explaining key issues that impact our planet，” said Jill Tiefenthaler，CEO of the NGS．“His work in South America enhances protection for endangered wildlife and supports sustainable practices for the betterment of local communities．The Society is especially proud to name Fernando the 2024 National Geographic Explorer of the Year to show the positive，significant difference he continues to make for our planet and those who call it home．”
Fernando has had a long history with the Society，receiving his first award in 2008 to study the Amazonian river dolphins in Brazil and Peru．Fernando has spent decades studying wildlife with special attention to the Amazonian pink river dolphins in South America．
“As the Amazonia experiences some of the most extreme climate disasters in decades，it is important to shine a spotlight on this issue，conduct deeper research and generate solutions to protect this region，” says Fernando．“Through this award，the Society is providing a loudspeaker for me to reach a global audience and encourage them to learn more and to care about the changes impacting our planet．”
1．Who is most likely to receive the National Geographic Explorer of the Year Award
A．An individual who discovers the most new species．
B．A scientist who contributes a lot to space exploration．
C．A community member who spares no effort to make a sustainable planet．
D．An environmentalist who raises the most funds for environmental protection．
2．What does Jill Tiefenthaler's statement suggest about Fernando's work
A．It is full of danger．
B．It targets climate effects．
C．It centers on solving problems．
D．It benefits those without home．
3．What impact does the award have on Fernando
A．It will increase his influence around the world．
B．It will bring financial support for his future work．
C．It will provide opportunities for him to work with government．
D．It will enable him to learn more about extreme climate disasters．
4．Which of the following can best describe Fernando
A．Adventurous and lonely．
B．Devoted and responsible．
C．Famous and ambitious．
D．Innovative and imaginative．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
As is known，Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time．He was also a really great person．
Einstein learned from making mistakes．
1 He said he needed a desk，some paper and pencil．He also needed a basket to hold his mistakes．This shows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes．
2
Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework．One day，he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too．
Einstein considered time to be important．
He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was a waste of time as people already wore shoes．He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it． 3 He knew what was worth remembering．It is true that if we are going to do great things in our lives，we cannot waste time．
Einstein liked to joke too．
In one exam，a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year's．Einstein replied the questions were the same，but the answers were different． 4
When Einstein was a child，his teachers used to say he was not clever．However，Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements． 5 So，never be discouraged!
A．Einstein was also very modest．
B．What a humorous person he is!
C．Einstein was also strict with his students．
D．Give students a chance to correct their mistakes．
E．That's why he never remembered his own phone number．
F．If we ever feel like giving up when we have problems，we should think of him．
G．When Einstein started to work in America，someone asked him what he needed．
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT．She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 1 the minds of millions of people worldwide．
Born in Kolkata，India，Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 2 ．Her courage as a researcher comes from her 3 ，who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by 4 to fund her own education．Meanwhile，Sarkar's father inspired her interest in 5 ．Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 6 ，fashioning devices to make home life more 7 ，including an electricity-free washing machine．“That got me very 8 in science and technology，” Sarkar says．
After 9 a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad，Sarkar 10 California to study nanoelectronics．There，she tested new ways to 11 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 12 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics． 13 ，she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice．
Along the way，Sarkar became fascinated with the 14 ，which she calls “the lowest energy computer”．She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains．“Our brains are 15 ，but we could be better than what we are，” she says．
1．A．enrich B．read
C．affect D．poison
2．A．birds B．researchers
C．failures D．inspirations
3．A．aunt B．mother
C．sister D．grandmother
4．A．working B．pretending
C．refusing D．waiting
5．A．politics B．history
C．engineering D．sport
6．A．job B．holiday
C．discomfort D．passion
7．A．complex B．convenient
C．peaceful D．meaningful
8．A．interested B．honest
C．lucky D．disappointed
9．A．starting B．earning
C．needing D．introducing
10．A．adapted to B．related to
C．headed to D．belonged to
11．A．create B．fix
C．operate D．sell
12．A．water B．money
C．power D．time
13．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately
C．Obviously D．Eventually
14．A．computer B．brain
C．exercise D．fashion
15．A．empty B．busy
C．relaxed D．remarkable
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Ghanim Al-Muftah, ambassador of Qatar World Cup, was born with a rare condition known as Caudal Regression Syndrome(CRS)．That is, the disease causes its patients to be born without the lower half of the body．One would expect Ghanim to use a wheelchair 1．____________(natural), but he insists on 2．____________(move) around on his hands．He believes that he should make use of everything he is blessed with, 3．____________ encourages us to live life positively．
Ghanim 4．____________(encounter) all kinds of challenges up to now in his life, especially extensive medical interventions and surgery．But he has a firm belief that with faith, 5．___________(commit) and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions．
Despite his disability, Ghanim has overcome extreme 6．____________(difficulty) with positivity and leadership, and this is what makes him 7．____________ exceptional figure． 8．____________ surprises the whole world is that he is now leading a wonderful life despite his disability． His story is really 9．____________ (inspire)． He is an excellent individual of today's youth and an advocate for 10．____________ (disable) people across the world．
课时提升作业(二)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．which 2．who 3．whose 4．As 5．whom 6．which
7．when 8．where 9．when 10．whose
Ⅱ．1．which expanded our horizons 2．from which you will benefit 3．As is known to all；which means 4．whose beauty 5．in which/where they can buy 6．As you can see 7．none of which 8．when it's likely to
Ⅲ．1．where 2．whose 3．who/that 4．where 5．that/which 6．that/which 7．who 8．that 9．that 10．that
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4
C C A B
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
G A E B F
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C D B A C D B A
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
B C A C D B D
Ⅳ．1．naturally 2．moving 3．which 4．has encountered 5．commitment 6．difficulties 7．an 8．What 9．inspiring 10．disabled
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国家地理学会授予生物学家和环保保护主义者Fernando Trujillo“国家地理年度探险人物”奖，表彰他在保护亚马孙河豚方面的成就。
1．C [推理判断题。根据第三段“国家地理年度探险人物奖旨在表彰国家地理探索者社区的一员，这个人会尽最大努力提高人们对我们星球面临的重要问题、发现和挑战的认识，以创造一个可持续的未来。”可推知，最有可能获得该奖项的是不遗余力建设可持续地球的社员。故选C。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“NGS首席执行官Jill Tiefenthaler表示‘Fernando是一位以解决方案为导向的变革者，他花了三十多年的时间研究和解释影响我们星球的关键问题。’”可知，Fernando是一位以解决方案为导向的变革者，他研究和解释影响地球的关键问题，所以他的工作以解决问题为中心。故选C。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“通过这个奖项，学会为我提供了宣传，让我接触到全球观众，鼓励他们了解更多并关心影响我们星球的变化。”可知，Fernando获奖这件事有助于增加他在全球范围内的影响力。故选A。]
4．B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“celebrates his accomplishments in protecting the Amazonian river dolphin”和第四段中的“the positive，significant difference he continues to make for our planet and those who call it home”可知，他在保护亚马孙河豚方面作出了重要贡献，并致力于改善地球环境，由此可推测出，他非常有责任心；根据第四段中的“who has spent more than 30 years researching and explaining key issues that impact our planet”可知，他花了三十多年时间研究和解释影响地球的关键问题，由此可推测出，他非常有奉献精神。故选B。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱因斯坦个人的一些伟大之处。
1．G [根据下文“He said he needed a desk，some paper and pencil．(他说他需要一张桌子，一些纸和铅笔)”可知，G项“当爱因斯坦开始在美国工作时，有人问他需要什么”符合语境，引出下文，故选G。]
2．A [本段讲最伟大的科学家爱因斯坦也认为数学也很难，说明他谦虚的品质，A项“爱因斯坦也非常谦虚”，是最佳小标题，故选A。]
3．E [根据小标题和上文“He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was a waste of time as people already wore shoes．He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it．”可知，上文用具体事例说明爱因斯坦不会做一些浪费时间的事，E项“这就是为什么他从不记得自己的电话号码”承接上文，举出另一个例子。故选E。]
4．B [由小标题“Einstein liked to joke too．(爱因斯坦也喜欢开玩笑)”和本段具体事例说明爱因斯坦很幽默，B项“他是一个多么幽默的人啊”承接上文讲爱因斯坦拥有幽默感。故选B。]
5．F [根据上文可知，爱因斯坦被老师说不聪明，也没有放弃努力工作，可见永远不要遇到问题就放弃、气馁，承接上文，F项“当我们遇到问题时，如果我们想要放弃，我们应该想到他”符合语境。故选F。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍的是纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及所取得的成就。
1．C [考查动词词义辨析。句意：她正在进行影响全世界数百万人心智的脑部疾病研究。根据“She is conducting her research on brain diseases that ___________ the minds of millions of people worldwide．”可知，这种疾病正在影响数百万人的心智。故选C。]
2．D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔出生于印度加尔各答，她认为父母是她早年的灵感来源。根据“Sarkar credits both of her parents as early”及下文“Meanwhile，Sarkar's father inspired her interest”可知，萨卡尔认为父母是她早期的灵感来源，给了她启发。故选D。]
3．B [考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自她的母亲，她母亲年轻时违背她所在村庄的社会规范，通过努力工作为自己的教育提供资金。根据“who as a young woman went against social norms in her village by ___________ to fund her own education”可知，这一句描述萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时做的事情。故选B。]
4．A [考查动词词义辨析。根据“to fund her own education”可知，萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时违背社会规范，努力工作为自己的教育提供资金。故选A。]
5．C [考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，萨卡尔的父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣。根据下文“including an electricity-free washing machine”及“After ____________ a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad”可知，父亲让萨卡尔喜欢上了工程学。故选C。]
6．D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲腾出时间来实现自己的爱好，制作各种设备，让家庭生活更方便，其中包括一台免电洗衣机。根据“fashioning devices to make home life more ___________，including an electricity-free washing machine”可知，父亲会腾出时间来研究自己的爱好。故选D。]
7．B [考查形容词词义辨析。根据“fashioning devices to make home life more”可知，父亲制作设备是为了让家庭生活更方便。故选B。]
8．A [考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这让我对科学技术产生了浓厚的兴趣。”Sarkar说。根据上文“Sarkar's father inspired her interest in ___________”可知，父亲影响了萨卡尔在科技上的兴趣。故选A。]
9．B [考查动词词义辨析。句意：在印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，萨卡尔前往加州学习纳米电子学。根据“Sarkar ___________ California to study nanoelectronics”可知，萨卡尔在印度获得了学位后，继续去美国学习纳米电子学。故选B。]
10．C [考查动词短语辨析。根据上文可知，此处表示前往美国学习深造。故选C。]
11．A [考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其他日常电子产品的耗电量。根据“she tested new ways”可知，萨卡尔测试了制造纳米器件的新方法。故选A。]
12．C [考查名词词义辨析。根据“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics”可知，计算机和其他日常电子产品需要电力来驱动。故选C。]
13．D [考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她通过开发一种出色的纳米器件取得了突破。根据“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice”可知，最终，她获得了突破。故选D。]
14．B [考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此过程中，萨卡尔开始对大脑着迷，她称之为“最低能量的计算机”。根据“which she calls ‘the lowest energy computer’”可知，此处“最低能量的计算机”指的是人脑。故选B。]
15．D [考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们的大脑是非凡的，但我们可以做得更好。”她说。根据“but we could be better than what we are”并结合常识可知，人脑的潜力无限大，所以是非凡的。故选D。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了卡塔尔世界杯大使Ghanim Al-Muftah的励志故事。
1．naturally [考查词性转换。句意：人们会认为Ghanim自然会使用轮椅， 但他坚持用手走动。作句子的状语用副词形式。故填naturally。]
2．moving [考查非谓语动词。insist on doing sth．坚持做某事， 动词-ing形式作宾语。故填moving。]
3．which [考查定语从句。句意：他相信他应该利用他所拥有的一切， 这鼓励我们积极地生活。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词， 先行词为主句内容， 在非限制性定语从句中担当主语， 用关系代词which。故填which。]
4．has encountered [考查时态和主谓一致。 根据时间状语“up to now”可知， 本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“Ghanim”， 单数， 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has encountered。]
5．commitment [考查词性转换。根据空前“faith”和空后“hard work”可知， 空处为名词形式。故填commitment。]
6．difficulties [考查名词的数。名词difficulty意为“困难的事情”时， 为可数名词；根据本句句意可知， 这里指的是很多困难的事情， 用名词的复数形式。故填difficulties。]
7．an [考查冠词。修饰单数可数名词“figure”， 表示泛指， 用不定冠词；空后单词exceptional的发音以元音音素开头， 用an。故填an。]
8．What [考查名词性从句。这里为主语从句的引导词， 主语从句缺少主语， 表示物， 用what引导；位于句首， 首字母大写。故填What。]
9．inspiring [考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知， 空处为形容词作表语。inspire的形容词有两种形式：inspired, 意为“受到鼓舞的”， 修饰人；inspiring, 意为“鼓舞人心的”， 通常修饰物。本句指的是他的故事“鼓舞人心”。故填inspiring。]
10．disabled [考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知， 空处为形容词， 修饰空后的名词“people”， 表示“有残疾的”。故填disabled。]
1 / 7
