Period 4 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
动词-ing形式作主语
美文诵读 语法体悟
As is known to all，①travelling is of great beneficial to people and has many advantages． Firstly，②being exposed to different cultures can broaden our horizons．Secondly，③communicating with local people can enrich our knowledge when travelling．Thirdly，it is fun ④admiring breathtaking scenery and ⑤watching fantastic performances in some theme parks．Surely，⑥not enjoying delicious local food is regretful when having a trip．Last but not least，travelling can reduce our stress and make us relaxed．Never think it is a waste of time and money ⑦travelling around． ①是动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数； ②是动词-ing形式作主语，being exposed to是动词-ing形式的被动语态； ③是动词-ing形式作主语； ④⑤是动词-ing形式作主语，it is fun doing sth．“做某事是有趣的”，it作形式主语； ⑥是动词-ing形式的否定形式，在句中作主语； ⑦是动词-ing形式作主语，it is a waste of...doing“做某事浪费……”，it代替动词-ing形式作主语。
一、动词-ing形式的时态、语态
1．动词-ing形式通常有以下几种变化形式(以do为例)
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
2．动词-ing形式的时态
(1)动词-ing形式的一般式多用于表示一般情况，表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
I enjoy listening to classical music．
我喜欢听古典音乐。(一般情况)
She imagined finding a wallet on the sidewalk．
她想象着自己在人行道上发现了一个钱包。(同时发生)
He suggested studying science．
他建议学习科学。(稍后发生)
(2)动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
He was praised for having done a good deed．
他因为做了件好事而受到表扬。
3．动词-ing形式的语态
动词-ing形式的主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，动词-ing形式的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。
He insisted on sending her to hospital．
他坚持要把她送到医院去。(主语是动作的执行者)
Sorry，I didn't mean to lose my temper．I just can't stand being misunderstood．
对不起，我并不是存心要发脾气。我只是受不了被误解。(主语是动作的承受者)
单句语法填空/单句写作
①______________ (invite) to the party was a great honour to the family．
②Tired as he was，he insisted on _________(finish) the work．
③On the way to school，I enjoy __________(discuss) problems with my classmates．
④受到惩罚使这个学生对学习失去了兴趣。
_______________ made the student lose interest in his studies．
⑤他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。
________________________________________ made him late for class．
二、动词-ing形式作主语
1．动词-ing形式作主语的基本用法
动词-ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式。
Setting your watch five minutes ahead is an effective way to avoid being late．
把你的表调快5分钟是避免迟到的有效方法。
Learning is like rowing upstream，not to advance is to drop back．
学习如逆水行舟，不进则退。
[名师点津] 意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Listening to English songs and watching English films are good ways to learn English．
听英文歌曲和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。
2．it代替动词-ing形式作主语
It is no use talking to him．He won't listen．
跟他谈没有用。他不会听的。
It is a waste of time talking about such useless things．
谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。
[名师点津] it作形式主语代替动词-ing形式的常用句型有：
(1)It is/feels funny doing sth．做某事(感觉)很有趣。
It is useless doing sth．做某事没有用。
It is worthwhile doing sth．做某事是值得的。
(2)It's a waste of time doing sth．做某事是浪费时间。
(3)It's no good/no use/no fun doing sth．做某事没好处/没用/没意思。
单句语法填空/单句写作
①_____ (lie)on the beach in summer really makes you feel relaxed．
②It is no use _______ (wait) here for a long time．He won't come tonight．
③It is a waste of time ______ (try) to persuade him to give up computer games．
④Of course，________ (enjoy) a nice meal with friends can have a great effect on our spirits．
⑤在海边度假很有趣。
__________________________________ on the beach．
⑥(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)在公园里创作艺术品是一次与平时课堂环境不同的令人耳目一新的休息。
________________________________ was a refreshing break from the usual classroom setting．
三、动词-ing形式的否定形式
动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时，not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。
Not knowing how to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research．
不知道如何使用电脑使他做学术研究更加困难。
His not having done homework makes the teacher angry．
他没完成作业，这让老师很生气。
四、动词-ing形式的复合结构
动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词的宾格、名词所有格或普通格(即名词)加动词-ing形式，即“sb．/sb．'s＋doing” 构成。该结构中的物主代词、人称代词、名词所有格或普通格就是动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：
(1)形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing形式
(2)名词所有格＋动词-ing形式
(3)代词宾格＋动词-ing形式
(4)名词＋动词-ing形式
Her coming to help encouraged all of us．(＝That she came to help encouraged all of us．)
她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
Mary's being ill made her mother anxious．
玛丽病了，这使她妈妈很担心。
[名师点津] 动词-ing形式的复合结构在句中作主语时，不能用代词的宾格或名词的普通格形式。
Period 4
语法精讲
即时训练1
①Being invited ②finishing ③discussing ④Being punished ⑤His getting up late in the morning
即时训练2
①Lying ②waiting ③trying ④enjoying ⑤It's fun spending the holiday ⑥Creating artwork in the park
1 / 1(共70张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 3
FASCINATING PARKS
主题语境 人与社会——自然环境
Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
动词-ing形式作主语
美文诵读
As is known to all，①travelling is of great beneficial to people and has many advantages．
Firstly，②being exposed to different cultures can broaden our horizons．
Secondly，③communicating with local people can enrich our knowledge when travelling．Thirdly，it is fun ④admiring breathtaking scenery and ⑤watching fantastic performances in some theme parks．Surely，⑥not enjoying delicious local food is regretful when having a trip．Last but not least，travelling can reduce our stress and make us relaxed．Never think it is a waste of time and money ⑦travelling around．
语法体悟
①是动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数；
②是动词-ing形式作主语，being exposed to是动词-ing形式的被动语态；
③是动词-ing形式作主语；
④⑤是动词-ing形式作主语，it is fun doing sth．“做某事是有趣的”，it作形式主语；
⑥是动词-ing形式的否定形式，在句中作主语；
⑦是动词-ing形式作主语，it is a waste of...doing“做某事浪费……”，it代替动词-ing形式作主语。
一、动词-ing形式的时态、语态
1．动词-ing形式通常有以下几种变化形式(以do为例)
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
2．动词-ing形式的时态
(1)动词-ing形式的一般式多用于表示一般情况，表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
I enjoy listening to classical music．
我喜欢听古典音乐。(一般情况)
She imagined finding a wallet on the sidewalk．
她想象着自己在人行道上发现了一个钱包。(同时发生)
He suggested studying science．
他建议学习科学。(稍后发生)
(2)动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
He was praised for having done a good deed．
他因为做了件好事而受到表扬。
3．动词-ing形式的语态
动词-ing形式的主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，动词-ing形式的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。
He insisted on sending her to hospital．
他坚持要把她送到医院去。(主语是动作的执行者)
Sorry，I didn't mean to lose my temper．I just can't stand being misunderstood．
对不起，我并不是存心要发脾气。我只是受不了被误解。(主语是动作的承受者)
单句语法填空/单句写作
①____________ (invite) to the party was a great honour to the family．
②Tired as he was，he insisted on _________(finish) the work．
③On the way to school，I enjoy __________(discuss) problems with my classmates．
④受到惩罚使这个学生对学习失去了兴趣。
_______________ made the student lose interest in his studies．
⑤他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。
______________________________ made him late for class．
Being invited
finishing
discussing
Being punished
His getting up late in the morning
二、动词-ing形式作主语
1．动词-ing形式作主语的基本用法
动词-ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式。
Setting your watch five minutes ahead is an effective way to avoid being late．
把你的表调快5分钟是避免迟到的有效方法。
Learning is like rowing upstream，not to advance is to drop back．
学习如逆水行舟，不进则退。
[名师点津] 意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Listening to English songs and watching English films are good ways to learn English．
听英文歌曲和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。
2．it代替动词-ing形式作主语
It is no use talking to him．He won't listen．
跟他谈没有用。他不会听的。
It is a waste of time talking about such useless things．
谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。
[名师点津] it作形式主语代替动词-ing形式的常用句型有：
(1)It is/feels funny doing sth．做某事(感觉)很有趣。
It is useless doing sth．做某事没有用。
It is worthwhile doing sth．做某事是值得的。
(2)It's a waste of time doing sth．做某事是浪费时间。
(3)It's no good/no use/no fun doing sth．做某事没好处/没用/没意思。
单句语法填空/单句写作
①______ (lie)on the beach in summer really makes you feel relaxed．
②It is no use _______ (wait) here for a long time．He won't come tonight．
③It is a waste of time ______ (try) to persuade him to give up computer games．
④Of course，________ (enjoy) a nice meal with friends can have a great effect on our spirits．
Lying
waiting
trying
enjoying
⑤在海边度假很有趣。
_________________________ on the beach．
⑥(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)在公园里创作艺术品是一次与平时课堂环境不同的令人耳目一新的休息。
____________________________ was a refreshing break from the usual classroom setting．
It's fun spending the holiday
Creating artwork in the park
三、动词-ing形式的否定形式
动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时，not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。
Not knowing how to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research．
不知道如何使用电脑使他做学术研究更加困难。
His not having done homework makes the teacher angry．
他没完成作业，这让老师很生气。
四、动词-ing形式的复合结构
动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词的宾格、名词所有格或普通格(即名词)加动词-ing形式，即“sb．/sb．'s＋doing” 构成。该结构中的物主代词、人称代词、名词所有格或普通格就是动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：
(1)形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing形式
(2)名词所有格＋动词-ing形式
(3)代词宾格＋动词-ing形式
(4)名词＋动词-ing形式
Her coming to help encouraged all of us．(＝That she came to help encouraged all of us．)
她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
Mary's being ill made her mother anxious．
玛丽病了，这使她妈妈很担心。
[名师点津] 动词-ing形式的复合结构在句中作主语时，不能用代词的宾格或名词的普通格形式。
课时提升作业(八) (UNIT 3 Learning About Language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：92.5分)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空(共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分)
1．What we all know is that it's a waste of time _______ (play) computer games．
2．It is acknowledged that swimming __ (be) a good sport in summer．
playing
is
3．The president's _________ (attend) the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement．
4．According to the theory，________ (spend) 20 minutes in a park daily helps to reduce stress，regardless of whether people exercise in it or simply take a walk．
5．__________ (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies．
6．There is no _________ (deny) that the environment is from bad to worse here．
attending
spending
Knowing
denying
Ⅱ．完成句子(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
1．从那时起，寻找方法生产更多的水稻是他的人生目标。
Since then，___________________________ has been his life goal．
2．(应用文写作之健康饮食)在日常生活中，保持饮食平衡同样重要。
_________________________________ is of equal importance in your daily life．
finding ways to grow more rice
Keeping the balance of your diet
3．保护文化遗产很重要，因为文物是历史的记录。
__________________________ is very important，as cultural relics are a record of history．
4．接触不同的语言和文化对孩子们大有裨益。
__________________________________________ does a lot of good to children．
5．记住，没有理解就背诵是没有用的。
Keep in mind that it is no good ___________________________．
Preserving cultural heritage
Being exposed to different languages and cultures
reciting without understanding
6．(应用文写作之活动介绍)在这样晴朗的天气爬山是我放松自己的最佳方式。
_______________________________________ is the best way to relax myself．
7．(应用文写作之课外活动)参加课外活动不仅可以让学生放松，还有助于提高他们的学习技能。
________________________________ can not only relax students，but also contribute to improving their study skills．
Climbing mountains on such a clear day
Participating in after-class activities
8．(应用文写作之健康生活)对网络游戏上瘾会对你的健康和生活造成伤害。
___________________________ will do harm to your health and life．
Being addicted to online games
Ⅲ．短文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Tom spent most of his time 1．_________(search) for information on the Internet each day，which made his parents 2．_______(worry)．In his father's opinion，3．_______(sit) in front of a computer for a long time did great harm to his son's health．However，he found that it was no use 4．__________(advise) Tom to spend less time on the Internet，for he wouldn't listen．Tom told his parents that that was 5．________ his job required．His mother wanted him 6．__________(change) his job，but Tom said that he was fond of it and 7．_______(stay) up late had become his habit．There was no way，otherwise he wouldn't finish his task on time．
searching
worried
sitting
advising
what
to change
staying
In my opinion，it is not wise to spend too much time on the Internet．8．________(have) a rest regularly will be of great help while 9．________(work) in front of the computer．In addition，10．______
(set) aside some time to relax is also very important．
Having
working
setting
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Quiet Parks International (QPI) have got every reason to award Quiet Trail to the Niobrara National Scenic River this year，making it the other Quiet Trail in the world after Cuifeng Lake Trail．Kalli Kieborz，Director of Niobrara Council，received the award for their assistance in managing and protecting its natural resources，including natural quiet，since 1997．
This Award concluded a two-year process that included exploring the full length of the river to collect qualitative and quantitative acoustic (听觉的) data．Gordon Hempton，cofounder of QPI，stated，“Our testing process is very exact．Beyond collecting standard acoustic data，each team member must agree unhesitatingly that natural quiet existed throughout the testing period．The river's splendid geologic landscape，unusual atmospheric conditions and outstanding wildlife all contributed to a positive outcome．”
The Niobrara River is notable for its beauty，ecological importance，and recreational appeal in the northern Great Plains，U．S．．Six major ecosystems meet in the Niobrara National Scenic River valley，resulting in a special mix of more than 160 plant and animal species．
“It is filled with unique，even one-of-a-kind opportunities for the curious and adventurous visitors，” said John Ricks，Nebraska Tourism director．
“97% of the U．S．population faces noise pollution from sources like flights and highways．In fact，the more quiet we have，the more we can see and hear about the world，so we are thrilled to be able to offer it at Niobrara National Scenic River．From a quiet starry night to peaceful natural escapes，it uncovers what cannot be enjoyed in many other places，” stated Susan Cook，another director．
Areas like the Niobrara National Scenic River offer an opportunity to showcase quiet，unspoiled areas in a noisy world．Today，as people's life is overloaded with noise，the intentional seeking-out of quiet areas is on the rise and with it，the opportunity to engage new travelers in visiting the beautiful，yet still largely hidden treasure of the wild．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国的尼欧布拉拉国家风景河获得了“国际宁静公园”组织颁发的“安静小径”奖，并介绍了这条河流的特点和价值。
1．Which of the following best describes the testing process
A．Flexible． B．Reliable．
C．Simple． D．Loose．
√
B [推理判断题。根据第二段Gordon Hempton 的话“我们的测试过程非常精确。除了收集标准的声学数据外，每个团队成员必须毫不犹豫地同意整个测试期间都是自然安静的”可知，测试过程非常精确，要求非常高。由此推知，测试过程非常可靠。故选B项。]
2．What is a consequence of ecosystems meeting in the valley
A．Ecology imbalance．
B．Biodiversity enrichment．
C．Species competition．
D．Tourism boost．
√
B [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“六大生态系统在尼欧布拉拉国家风景河谷交汇，形成了160多种动植物的特殊组合”可知，生态系统在山谷中的交汇带来了生物多样性的丰富。故选B项。]
3．What does Susan Cook highlight in paragraph 4
A．The joy of winning the award．
B．The outcome of noise pollution．
C．The activities of enjoying quiet．
D．The value of natural quiet．
√
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中Susan Cook所说的话“事实上，我们越安静，我们就能看到和听到更多关于世界的事情，所以我们很高兴能够在尼欧布拉拉国家风景河提供这样的机会。从一个安静的星夜到宁静的自然逃离，它揭示了在许多其他地方无法享受的东西”可推知，Susan Cook强调了自然安静的价值。故选D项。]
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To call on efforts to reconnect with nature．
B．To inform the recognition of a quiet river．
C．To display the challenges of protecting ecosystem．
D．To stress the need to escape busyness of modern life．
√
B [写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要报道了美国的尼欧布拉拉国家风景河获得了国际宁静公园组织颁发的“安静小径”奖，并介绍了这条河流的特点和价值。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告知读者一条安静的河流获得了认可。故选B项。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Everglades National Park is located in the state of Florida．It is the largest wilderness in the entire country and makes up 25% of the wetlands in the state． 1 Millions of visitors come each year to enjoy the great variety of plants and animals because of its huge area and beautiful nature．
Everglades National Park differs from most other national parks． 2 President Harry Truman spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park，saying the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced．
10，000 different islands make up Everglades National Park．
There exists natural wildlife on each of these islands． 3 In addition，more than 350 bird species and 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park．The Everglades is also home to 40 species of mammals (哺乳动物)．
4 Visitors can see alligators (短吻鳄) while hiking the Anhinga Trail．Some visitors might enjoy riding bicycles through Shark Valley．Others may want to move slowly through the water where they can see insects and wildlife closely．
According to experts，changes to the Everglades are becoming a danger to several different kinds of wildlife．They say it is a result of actions the US government began more than 50 years ago． 5 .
A．There are many ways to explore the Everglades．
B．It is also the third largest national park in the USA．
C．These actions were also influenced by the earlier settlers．
D．The Everglades offers only a few specific routes for exploration．
E．The Everglades is home to about 30 species that are endangered．
F．It was created to protect the natural environment from being damaged．
G．It was made mainly for fun，with environmental protection as a secondary concern．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于美国佛罗里达州的大沼泽地国家公园(Everglades National Park)，旨在向读者介绍大沼泽地国家公园的自然风光和保护意义，并呼吁人们关注其面临的威胁。
1．B [上文说明大沼泽地国家公园地址。空格处需要承接上文并引出下文，下文说明该公园很受欢迎。B项可以承接上文关于大沼泽地国家公园大小的描述，并引出下文关于游客数量的内容，符合语境。故选B。]
2．F [上文说明大沼泽地国家公园与其他国家公园不同。下文介绍了创建公园的目的是保护环境。F项符合主旨。故选F。]
3．E [上文“大沼泽地国家公园由10 000个不同的岛屿组成。每个岛屿上都有自然野生动物”说明公园上的岛屿数量且有自然野生动物。选项E进一步描述公园内的生物多样性。故选E。]
4．A [下文罗列了游客在大沼泽中的活动内容。选项A放在本段内容前面，可以引出下文关于游客在大沼泽地中进行徒步、骑自行车等活动的内容。故选A。]
5．C [上文“据专家称，大沼泽地的变化正在对几种不同类型的野生动物构成威胁。他们说，这是美国政府50多年前开始行动的结果。”说明了大沼泽地的变化的危害和原因。C项可以解释这些行为背后的另一个原因。故选C。]
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I love wildlife．So when my friend said that we had a chance to
1 brown bears in the High Tatras，I didn't think twice about it，and we 2 arrangements to go the following week．
The trip was a great 3 ！ We walked for hours and stayed in a
4 mountain hut (小屋) which was usually reserved for park rangers (公园管理员)．It actually caused us some trouble even to locate it．As soon as we arrived，our guide 5 that we would be fully integrated into their research programme and would be tracking the 6 of bears wearing GPS transmitters．On the first day，we were woken up at sunrise and，after 7 some warm clothes，set off into the forest．Our guide walked very 8 and we had trouble keeping up
with him．Suddenly he 9 across a small hill．He must have caught sight of a bear．We followed him as fast as we could，but by the time we reached him，the bear had 10 into the bushes．Later in the week，though，we did manage to observe several bears feeding on berries．We were so excited．Yet， 11 hurrying to take photos，we 12 our breath，stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them．Our guide insisted that we should keep our 13 from the bears so as not to 14 them．
Observing bears in their natural habitat was really 15 ．I had never experienced anything like that before．If I hadn't had to go back to school，I would have happily stayed on for several more weeks．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者与朋友在高塔特拉山脉追踪棕熊的一次旅行经历，包括旅行的准备、旅行过程中的所见所闻所感，以及作者对此次旅行的评价和感想。
1．A．hunt B．feed
C．track D．encounter
√
C [考查动词。根据下文“As soon as we arrived，our guide...of bears wearing GPS transmitters．”可知，朋友邀请作者去追踪棕熊。故选C。]
2．A．evaluated B．made
C．resisted D．ceased
√
B [考查动词。根据上文内容可知，作者因为喜欢野生动物，所以当朋友邀请作者一起追踪棕熊时，作者毫不犹豫地答应了。而根据下文对这次旅行的描述可知，作者立刻做了安排。make arrangements意为“安排”，符合句意。故选B。]
3．A．success B．danger
C．honor D．commitment
√
A [考查名词。根据最后一段内容可推测，作者对这次探险很满意，由此可知，这次旅行很成功。故选A。]
4．A．secure B．remarkable
C．abnormal D．remote
√
D [考查形容词。根据上文“We walked for hours”以及下文“It actually caused us some trouble even to locate it．”可知，这个小屋非常偏远。故选D。]
5．A．explained B．predicted
C．admitted D．commanded
√
A [考查动词。根据空后内容可知，下文是导游的解释讲解。故选A。]
6．A．habits B．movements
C．circumstances D．performances
√
B [考查名词。根据上文内容可知，他们是去追踪棕熊；再根据常理可知，追踪棕熊是追踪棕熊的活动轨迹。故选B。]
7．A．taking off B．switching on
C．insisting on D．throwing on
√
D [考查动词短语。根据上文“we were woken up at sunrise”可知，作者他们是在日出时被叫醒；再根据空后的“some warm clothes”可推测，空处指的是穿上暖和的衣服。故选D。]
8．A．cautiously B．academically
C．rapidly D．automatically
√
C [考查副词。根据下文“we had trouble keeping up with him”可知，导游走得非常快。故选C。]
9．A．dashed B．wandered
C．paced D．fled
√
A [考查动词。根据下文“He must have caught sight of a bear．We followed him as fast as we could，but by the time we reached him，the bear had ________ into the bushes．”可推测，导游冲过了一座小山，速度很快。故选A。]
10．A．looked B．disappeared
C．flowed D．crashed
√
B [考查动词。作者他们并没有看到熊。由此可知，当作者他们赶到的时候，熊已经消失在灌木丛中。故选B。]
11．A．due to B．apart from
C．instead of D．as for
√
C [考查短语。根据空后的“hurrying to take photos”以及“we ________ our breath，stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them”可知，作者他们并没有着急拍照。故选C。]
12．A．drew B．saved
C．released D．held
√
D [考查动词。根据空后“stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them”可知，作者他们屏住呼吸，静静地看着熊。故选D。]
13．A．distance B．fear
C．bravery D．intention
√
A [考查名词。根据上文“stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them”可知，导游让我们和熊保持距离。故选A。]
14．A．draft B．disturb
C．defeat D．detect
√
B [考查动词。根据上文内容“Our guide insisted that we should keep our ________ from the bears”以及常理可知，导游希望作者他们不要打扰熊。故选B。]
15．A．frightening B．boring
C．demanding D．fascinating
√
D [考查形容词。根据最后两句可知，作者对这次旅行非常满意，由此可知，作者认为这是一件引人入胜的事情。故选D。]
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
China will establish a new batch of national parks amid its efforts of accelerating the construction of its national park and botanical garden systems．The new parks 1．____________(include) Huanghekou，Qianjiangyuan-Baishanzu and Kalamayli will be built 2．_____ a steady and orderly manner．China's national parks are specific land or sea areas 3．____________ main purpose is to preserve the nationally representative natural ecosystems of the country and realize the 4．____________(science) protection and rational use of natural resources．
including
in
whose
scientific
In 2021，China established the first batch of national parks，with 5．___________ area of 230，000 square km protected land．Since the establishment of the first batch of national parks，more than 390 mining sites 6．_________________(close)．The Sanjiangyuan Park realized the full protection of the source of the Yangtze，Yellow and Lancang rivers and the Tibetan antelope population has 7．___________(eventual) recovered to over 70，000．In the Giant Panda National Park，more than 70 percent of wild pandas are under good protection．
an
have been closed
eventually
A National Park Law is being made and China 8．_________(adopt) a more advanced park management system，increase the 9．_________
(apply) of new technologies，build a world-class research monitoring platform，and 10．____________(strength) national park management capabilities in the near future．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国将新建一批国家公园，加快国家公园和植物园体系建设。
will adopt
application
strengthen
1．including [考查介词。此处使用介词including作状语，表示“包括”，故填including。]
2．in [考查介词。空处应用介词，后接名词短语“a steady and orderly manner”作宾语；介词短语in a...manner表示“以一种……的方式”，符合语境。故填in。]
3．whose [考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰名词短语“China's national parks”，在从句中作定语，表示“中国国家公园的目的”，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。]
4．scientific [考查词性转换。根据名词“protection”可知，空处应用形容词，作定语；scientific为形容词，表示“科学的”，符合语境。故填scientific。]
5．an [考查冠词。空处应为冠词，修饰名词“area”，表示有着一块面积达23万平方公里的保护区，故应用不定冠词，表示泛指；area的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。]
6．have been closed [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语“Since...”表示“自从……”可知，应用现在完成时；主语是“more than 390 mining sites”，与动词close之间为被动关系，表示390多个矿区被关闭，且谓语为复数。故填have been closed。]
7．eventually [考查词性转换。空处应为副词，修饰动词“recovered”，作状语；eventually为副词，表示“最终”，符合语境。故填eventually。]
8．will adopt [考查动词时态。空处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“in the near future”可知，应用一般将来时，表示将要发生的动作。故填will adopt。]
9．application [考查词性转换。根据“the...of”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；application为名词，表示“应用”，符合语境。故填application。]
10．strengthen [考查词性转换。空处应为动词，与“will adopt”、“increase”和“build”为并列谓语，故应用动词原形；strengthen为动词，表示“加强”，符合语境。故填strengthen。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(八) (UNIT 3 Learning About Language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：92.5分)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空(共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分)
1．What we all know is that it's a waste of time _______ (play) computer games．
2．It is acknowledged that swimming __ (be) a good sport in summer．
3．The president's _________ (attend) the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement．
4．According to the theory，________ (spend) 20 minutes in a park daily helps to reduce stress，regardless of whether people exercise in it or simply take a walk．
5．_______ (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies．
6．There is no _______ (deny) that the environment is from bad to worse here．
Ⅱ．完成句子(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
1．从那时起，寻找方法生产更多的水稻是他的人生目标。
Since then，___________________________________ has been his life goal．
2．(应用文写作之健康饮食)在日常生活中，保持饮食平衡同样重要。
_____________________________________ is of equal importance in your daily life．
3．保护文化遗产很重要，因为文物是历史的记录。
______________________________ is very important，as cultural relics are a record of history．
4．接触不同的语言和文化对孩子们大有裨益。
_______________________________________________________ does a lot of good to children．
5．记住，没有理解就背诵是没有用的。
Keep in mind that it is no good ________________________________．
6．(应用文写作之活动介绍)在这样晴朗的天气爬山是我放松自己的最佳方式。
____________________________________________ is the best way to relax myself．
7．(应用文写作之课外活动)参加课外活动不仅可以让学生放松，还有助于提高他们的学习技能。
___________________________________________ can not only relax students，but also contribute to improving their study skills．
8．(应用文写作之健康生活)对网络游戏上瘾会对你的健康和生活造成伤害。
__________________________________ will do harm to your health and life．
Ⅲ．短文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Tom spent most of his time 1．_________(search) for information on the Internet each day，which made his parents 2．_______(worry)．In his father's opinion，3．_______(sit) in front of a computer for a long time did great harm to his son's health．However，he found that it was no use 4．________(advise) Tom to spend less time on the Internet，for he wouldn't listen．Tom told his parents that that was 5．____ his job required．His mother wanted him 6．__________(change) his job，but Tom said that he was fond of it and 7．_______(stay) up late had become his habit．There was no way，otherwise he wouldn't finish his task on time．
In my opinion，it is not wise to spend too much time on the Internet．8．______(have) a rest regularly will be of great help while 9．_______(work) in front of the computer．In addition，10．_______(set) aside some time to relax is also very important．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Quiet Parks International (QPI) have got every reason to award Quiet Trail to the Niobrara National Scenic River this year，making it the other Quiet Trail in the world after Cuifeng Lake Trail．Kalli Kieborz，Director of Niobrara Council，received the award for their assistance in managing and protecting its natural resources，including natural quiet，since 1997．
This Award concluded a two-year process that included exploring the full length of the river to collect qualitative and quantitative acoustic (听觉的) data．Gordon Hempton，cofounder of QPI，stated，“Our testing process is very exact．Beyond collecting standard acoustic data，each team member must agree unhesitatingly that natural quiet existed throughout the testing period．The river's splendid geologic landscape，unusual atmospheric conditions and outstanding wildlife all contributed to a positive outcome．”
The Niobrara River is notable for its beauty，ecological importance，and recreational appeal in the northern Great Plains，U．S．．Six major ecosystems meet in the Niobrara National Scenic River valley，resulting in a special mix of more than 160 plant and animal species．“It is filled with unique，even one-of-a-kind opportunities for the curious and adventurous visitors，” said John Ricks，Nebraska Tourism director．
“97% of the U．S．population faces noise pollution from sources like flights and highways．In fact，the more quiet we have，the more we can see and hear about the world，so we are thrilled to be able to offer it at Niobrara National Scenic River．From a quiet starry night to peaceful natural escapes，it uncovers what cannot be enjoyed in many other places，” stated Susan Cook，another director．
Areas like the Niobrara National Scenic River offer an opportunity to showcase quiet，unspoiled areas in a noisy world．Today，as people's life is overloaded with noise，the intentional seeking-out of quiet areas is on the rise and with it，the opportunity to engage new travelers in visiting the beautiful，yet still largely hidden treasure of the wild．
1．Which of the following best describes the testing process
A．Flexible． B．Reliable．
C．Simple． D．Loose．
2．What is a consequence of ecosystems meeting in the valley
A．Ecology imbalance．
B．Biodiversity enrichment．
C．Species competition．
D．Tourism boost．
3．What does Susan Cook highlight in paragraph 4
A．The joy of winning the award．
B．The outcome of noise pollution．
C．The activities of enjoying quiet．
D．The value of natural quiet．
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To call on efforts to reconnect with nature．
B．To inform the recognition of a quiet river．
C．To display the challenges of protecting ecosystem．
D．To stress the need to escape busyness of modern life．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Everglades National Park is located in the state of Florida．It is the largest wilderness in the entire country and makes up 25% of the wetlands in the state． 1 Millions of visitors come each year to enjoy the great variety of plants and animals because of its huge area and beautiful nature．
Everglades National Park differs from most other national parks． 2 President Harry Truman spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park，saying the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced．
10，000 different islands make up Everglades National Park．There exists natural wildlife on each of these islands． 3 In addition，more than 350 bird species and 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park．The Everglades is also home to 40 species of mammals (哺乳动物)．
4 Visitors can see alligators (短吻鳄) while hiking the Anhinga Trail．Some visitors might enjoy riding bicycles through Shark Valley．Others may want to move slowly through the water where they can see insects and wildlife closely．
According to experts，changes to the Everglades are becoming a danger to several different kinds of wildlife．They say it is a result of actions the US government began more than 50 years ago． 5
A．There are many ways to explore the Everglades．
B．It is also the third largest national park in the USA．
C．These actions were also influenced by the earlier settlers．
D．The Everglades offers only a few specific routes for exploration．
E．The Everglades is home to about 30 species that are endangered．
F．It was created to protect the natural environment from being damaged．
G．It was made mainly for fun，with environmental protection as a secondary concern．
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I love wildlife．So when my friend said that we had a chance to 1 brown bears in the High Tatras，I didn't think twice about it，and we 2 arrangements to go the following week．
The trip was a great 3 ！ We walked for hours and stayed in a 4 mountain hut (小屋) which was usually reserved for park rangers (公园管理员)．It actually caused us some trouble even to locate it．As soon as we arrived，our guide 5 that we would be fully integrated into their research programme and would be tracking the 6 of bears wearing GPS transmitters．On the first day，we were woken up at sunrise and，after 7 some warm clothes，set off into the forest．Our guide walked very 8 and we had trouble keeping up with him．Suddenly he 9 across a small hill．He must have caught sight of a bear．We followed him as fast as we could，but by the time we reached him，the bear had 10 into the bushes．Later in the week，though，we did manage to observe several bears feeding on berries．We were so excited．Yet， 11 hurrying to take photos，we 12 our breath，stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them．Our guide insisted that we should keep our 13 from the bears so as not to 14 them．
Observing bears in their natural habitat was really 15 ．I had never experienced anything like that before．If I hadn't had to go back to school，I would have happily stayed on for several more weeks．
1．A．hunt B．feed
C．track D．encounter
2．A．evaluated B．made
C．resisted D．ceased
3．A．success B．danger
C．honor D．commitment
4．A．secure B．remarkable
C．abnormal D．remote
5．A．explained B．predicted
C．admitted D．commanded
6．A．habits B．movements
C．circumstances D．performances
7．A．taking off B．switching on
C．insisting on D．throwing on
8．A．cautiously B．academically
C．rapidly D．automatically
9．A．dashed B．wandered
C．paced D．fled
10．A．looked B．disappeared
C．flowed D．crashed
11．A．due to B．apart from
C．instead of D．as for
12．A．drew B．saved
C．released D．held
13．A．distance B．fear
C．bravery D．intention
14．A．draft B．disturb
C．defeat D．detect
15．A．frightening B．boring
C．demanding D．fascinating
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
China will establish a new batch of national parks amid its efforts of accelerating the construction of its national park and botanical garden systems．The new parks 1．____________(include) Huanghekou，Qianjiangyuan-Baishanzu and Kalamayli will be built 2．__________ a steady and orderly manner．China's national parks are specific land or sea areas 3．____________ main purpose is to preserve the nationally representative natural ecosystems of the country and realize the 4．____________(science) protection and rational use of natural resources．
In 2021，China established the first batch of national parks，with 5．____________ area of 230，000 square km protected land．Since the establishment of the first batch of national parks，more than 390 mining sites 6．____________(close)．The Sanjiangyuan Park realized the full protection of the source of the Yangtze，Yellow and Lancang rivers and the Tibetan antelope population has 7．____________(eventual) recovered to over 70，000．In the Giant Panda National Park，more than 70 percent of wild pandas are under good protection．
A National Park Law is being made and China 8．__________(adopt) a more advanced park management system，increase the 9．____________(apply) of new technologies，build a world-class research monitoring platform，and 10．____________(strength) national park management capabilities in the near future．
课时提升作业(八)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．playing 2．is 3．attending 4．spending 5．Knowing
6．denying
Ⅱ．1．finding ways to grow more rice 2．Keeping the balance of your diet 3．Preserving cultural heritage 4．Being exposed to different languages and cultures 5．reciting without understanding 6．Climbing mountains on such a clear day 7．Participating in after-class activities
8．Being addicted to online games
Ⅲ．1．searching 2．worried 3．sitting 4．advising 5．what
6．to change 7．staying 8．Having 9．working 10．setting
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4
B B D B
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
B F E A C
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C B A D A B D C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A B C D A B D
Ⅳ．1．including 2．in 3．whose 4．scientific 5．an 6．have been closed 7．eventually 8．will adopt 9．application 10．strengthen
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国的尼欧布拉拉国家风景河获得了“国际宁静公园”组织颁发的“安静小径”奖，并介绍了这条河流的特点和价值。
1．B [推理判断题。根据第二段Gordon Hempton 的话“我们的测试过程非常精确。除了收集标准的声学数据外，每个团队成员必须毫不犹豫地同意整个测试期间都是自然安静的”可知，测试过程非常精确，要求非常高。由此推知，测试过程非常可靠。故选B项。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“六大生态系统在尼欧布拉拉国家风景河谷交汇，形成了160多种动植物的特殊组合”可知，生态系统在山谷中的交汇带来了生物多样性的丰富。故选B项。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据第四段中Susan Cook所说的话“事实上，我们越安静，我们就能看到和听到更多关于世界的事情，所以我们很高兴能够在尼欧布拉拉国家风景河提供这样的机会。从一个安静的星夜到宁静的自然逃离，它揭示了在许多其他地方无法享受的东西”可推知，Susan Cook强调了自然安静的价值。故选D项。]
4．B [写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要报道了美国的尼欧布拉拉国家风景河获得了国际宁静公园组织颁发的“安静小径”奖，并介绍了这条河流的特点和价值。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告知读者一条安静的河流获得了认可。故选B项。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于美国佛罗里达州的大沼泽地国家公园(Everglades National Park)，旨在向读者介绍大沼泽地国家公园的自然风光和保护意义，并呼吁人们关注其面临的威胁。
1．B [上文说明大沼泽地国家公园地址。空格处需要承接上文并引出下文，下文说明该公园很受欢迎。B项可以承接上文关于大沼泽地国家公园大小的描述，并引出下文关于游客数量的内容，符合语境。故选B。]
2．F [上文说明大沼泽地国家公园与其他国家公园不同。下文介绍了创建公园的目的是保护环境。F项符合主旨。故选F。]
3．E [上文“大沼泽地国家公园由10 000个不同的岛屿组成。每个岛屿上都有自然野生动物”说明公园上的岛屿数量且有自然野生动物。选项E进一步描述公园内的生物多样性。故选E。]
4．A [下文罗列了游客在大沼泽中的活动内容。选项A放在本段内容前面，可以引出下文关于游客在大沼泽地中进行徒步、骑自行车等活动的内容。故选A。]
5．C [上文“据专家称，大沼泽地的变化正在对几种不同类型的野生动物构成威胁。他们说，这是美国政府50多年前开始行动的结果。”说明了大沼泽地的变化的危害和原因。C项可以解释这些行为背后的另一个原因。故选C。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者与朋友在高塔特拉山脉追踪棕熊的一次旅行经历，包括旅行的准备、旅行过程中的所见所闻所感，以及作者对此次旅行的评价和感想。
1．C [考查动词。根据下文“As soon as we arrived，our guide...of bears wearing GPS transmitters．”可知，朋友邀请作者去追踪棕熊。故选C。]
2．B [考查动词。根据上文内容可知，作者因为喜欢野生动物，所以当朋友邀请作者一起追踪棕熊时，作者毫不犹豫地答应了。而根据下文对这次旅行的描述可知，作者立刻做了安排。make arrangements意为“安排”，符合句意。故选B。]
3．A [考查名词。根据最后一段内容可推测，作者对这次探险很满意，由此可知，这次旅行很成功。故选A。]
4．D [考查形容词。根据上文“We walked for hours”以及下文“It actually caused us some trouble even to locate it．”可知，这个小屋非常偏远。故选D。]
5．A [考查动词。根据空后内容可知，下文是导游的解释讲解。故选A。]
6．B [考查名词。根据上文内容可知，他们是去追踪棕熊；再根据常理可知，追踪棕熊是追踪棕熊的活动轨迹。故选B。]
7．D [考查动词短语。根据上文“we were woken up at sunrise”可知，作者他们是在日出时被叫醒；再根据空后的“some warm clothes”可推测，空处指的是穿上暖和的衣服。故选D。]
8．C [考查副词。根据下文“we had trouble keeping up with him”可知，导游走得非常快。故选C。]
9．A [考查动词。根据下文“He must have caught sight of a bear．We followed him as fast as we could，but by the time we reached him，the bear had into the bushes．”可推测，导游冲过了一座小山，速度很快。故选A。]
10．B [考查动词。作者他们并没有看到熊。由此可知，当作者他们赶到的时候，熊已经消失在灌木丛中。故选B。]
11．C [考查短语。根据空后的“hurrying to take photos”以及“we our breath，stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them”可知，作者他们并没有着急拍照。故选C。]
12．D [考查动词。根据空后“stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them”可知，作者他们屏住呼吸，静静地看着熊。故选D。]
13．A [考查名词。根据上文“stayed about 30 meters away and just watched them”可知，导游让我们和熊保持距离。故选A。]
14．B [考查动词。根据上文内容“Our guide insisted that we should keep our from the bears”以及常理可知，导游希望作者他们不要打扰熊。故选B。]
15．D [考查形容词。根据最后两句可知，作者对这次旅行非常满意，由此可知，作者认为这是一件引人入胜的事情。故选D。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国将新建一批国家公园，加快国家公园和植物园体系建设。
1．including [考查介词。此处使用介词including作状语，表示“包括”，故填including。]
2．in [考查介词。空处应用介词，后接名词短语“a steady and orderly manner”作宾语；介词短语in a ...manner表示“以一种……的方式”，符合语境。故填in。]
3．whose [考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰名词短语“China's national parks”，在从句中作定语，表示“中国国家公园的目的”，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。]
4．scientific [考查词性转换。根据名词“protection”可知，空处应用形容词，作定语；scientific为形容词，表示“科学的”，符合语境。故填scientific。]
5．an [考查冠词。空处应为冠词，修饰名词“area”，表示有着一块面积达23万平方公里的保护区，故应用不定冠词，表示泛指；area的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。]
6．have been closed [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语“Since...”表示“自从……”可知，应用现在完成时；主语是“more than 390 mining sites”，与动词close之间为被动关系，表示390多个矿区被关闭，且谓语为复数。故填have been closed。]
7．eventually [考查词性转换。空处应为副词，修饰动词“recovered”，作状语；eventually为副词，表示“最终”，符合语境。故填eventually。]
8．will adopt [考查动词时态。空处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“in the near future”可知，应用一般将来时，表示将要发生的动作。故填will adopt。]
9．application [考查词性转换。根据“the...of”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；application为名词，表示“应用”，符合语境。故填application。]
10．strengthen [考查词性转换。空处应为动词，与“will adopt”、“increase”和“build”为并列谓语，故应用动词原形；strengthen为动词，表示“加强”，符合语境。故填strengthen。]
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