(共40张PPT)
Period 4
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND主题语境
人与自然——主要国家地理概况
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
on the contrary(在句中作状语)
相反地；正相反，恰恰相反
contrary to 相反的；相对立的
to the contrary(起形容词作用时，作后置定语)
相反的；相反地
1．contrary adj．相反的；相对立的 n．相反的事实(或事情)
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He continued to drink despite medical advice __ the contrary．
②Contrary __ his expectations, he found the atmosphere exciting．
③他的意见与我的相反。换句话说，我们有相反的观点。
His opinions _____________ mine．In other words, we have_________
_________．
to
to
are contrary to
contrary
opinions
proceed from 出于；来自；发生于；起因于
proceed with 继续某事
proceed to 向……进发；进入(下一个议程项 目)；接着做
proceed to do sth． 继续做某事
2．proceed vi．行进；继续做
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Great things proceed _____ small beginnings．
②Passengers for Rome should proceed __ Gate 32 for boarding．
③她先说不饿，接着却要了一份三道菜的大餐。
Having said she wasn't hungry, she then ____________________________
_____．
from
to
proceeded to order a three-course
meal
过去分词、动词-ing形式作表语和状语
一、过去分词作表语
1．过去分词作表语的基本用法
过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或具备的特征，多位于系动词之后。这些系动词有be，remain，feel，look，seem，become等。
An hour after the match，the kids remained excited．
比赛(结束)一小时后，孩子们仍然很兴奋。
The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with the gifts．
她脸上的微笑表明她对这些礼物很满意。
We were amazed at the beauty of the lake．
这个湖泊的美使我们感到惊奇。
2．过去分词与动词-ing形式作表语的区别
英语中有很多与感觉有关的动词，其动词-ing形式意为“令人……的”，多用来形容事物；其过去分词意为“(人)感到……的”，多用来形容人、人的声音或表情等。这类词常见的有：
The piece of equipment is an exciting development．
这台设备是一项振奋人心的研究成果。
An excited crowd of people gathered around her．
一群激动的人聚集在她周围。
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ____________ (disappoint)．
②When he heard the _______ story, he was deeply _______．(move)
③Most of the enterprises were highly ________ (satisfy) with the business environment improvement．
disappointed
moving
moved
satisfied
④如果你对它感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发送更多信息。
_______________________， please let me know and I'll send you more information．
⑤面对新工作的调整，他感觉既兴奋又紧张。
Facing the adjustment of his new job, __________________________．
If you are interested in it
he felt both excited and nervous
二、过去分词作状语
1．过去分词作状语的功能
过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词所表示的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况；构成过去分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
Built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful．
这座房子是30年前建造的，它看起来很漂亮。
2．过去分词与动词-ing形式作状语的区别
语法 逻辑关系 时间概念
过去分词作状语 与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动 往往发生于谓语动词所表示的动作之前，或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，也可以表示“一种状态”
语法 逻辑关系 时间概念
动词-ing形式作状语 与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动 一般式(doing)与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生；完成式(having done)发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
Seeing from the top of the hill，you will find the city looks like a big garden．
从山顶看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)
Seen from the top of the hill，the city looks like a big garden．
从山顶看，这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
[巧学妙记] 分词作状语记忆口诀：
分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用动词-ing，被动用过去分词。
having done表先后，千万要牢记。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room．
②________ (found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s．
③If you get ____ (lose) in a strange place, you'd better not move and wait for help there．
Designed
Founded
lost
④尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。
__________________，the farmers were still working in the fields．
⑤他把自己锁在书房里，一整天都在准备论文。
_________________，he has been preparing his paper all day long．
Warned of the storm
Locked in his study
短文语境填空
A cook was caught 1．________ (smoke) red-handed and the owner of the restaurant made him fired immediately．With so many staff 2．_______ (look) at him，he felt very 3．___________ (embarrass)．
His colleagues found it right for him to be punished，because the 4．_______ (light) cigarette ends could cause the whole restaurant to catch fire．The cook begged the owner to give him the last chance．The owner eventually had him apologize and go thim 5．_____ (fine)．
smoking
looking
embarrassed
lighted
fined
The cook was allowed to remain．Now，he is seen mopping the floors hard and I notice many customers 6．_______ (pass) him．He reminded them to mind the sign, reading “NO SMOKING！” I hear a voice in my heart 7．_______ (say) “respect yourself and you will feel 8．______ (value)”．
passing
saying
valued
①proceed vi．行进；继续做
②the next leg of... ……的下一段路程
leg [熟词生义] n．[C]一段路程(或赛程)
③shore n．[C，U]岸；滨
④be astonished to see... 看到……感到吃惊
astonished adj．感到惊讶的
课下预习 第二篇课文(Using Language)
⑤misty adj．多雾的；模糊的
⑥steel n．[U]钢；钢铁工业
⑦old-fashioned adj．陈旧的，过时的
⑧be available for sth． 有空做某事
available adj．(人)有空的
⑨in contrast to... 与……相比
⑩advertisement n．
(informal ad)[C]广告；启事
with an accent 带有口音
accent n．[C，U]口音
photographer n．[C]摄影师；拍照者
owe it to oneself to do sth． 自己应该做某事
owe vt．欠(账、债、情等)
overall adv．总体上；大致上
toast n．[U]烤面包片；吐司；[C]干杯 vt．为……干杯 vi．& vt．烤(尤指面包)
speed vi．快速前行
SEEING THE TRUE NORTH VIA
RAIL: TORONTO AND MONTREAL
After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto，the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed① to the next leg of② their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of the city．They went up the CN Tower and looked across the shores③ of Lake Ontario．Standing in the distance[1], they were astonished to see④ misty⑤ clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls[2], which is on the south side of the lake[3]．Water from the lakes flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea．
[1]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
[2]不定式短语作原因状语，包含“see＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构。
[3]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the great Niagara Falls。
The girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass and steel⑥， and old-fashioned⑦ cars rolling by．As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mother's old schoolmates, lives here．I should phone her and see if she's available for⑧ dinner．”
They met Lin Fei around dusk over dinner at a restaurant in downtown Chinatown．The cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier．
“This is the largest Chinatown in Toronto．We have a few more in the Greater Toronto Area, so you can guess that there are a lot of Chinese people in Canada! Chinese people have been coming[4] here for more than a hundred years．Therefore, we can get all kinds of great food here from all over China，” Lin Fei told them．
[4]have/has been doing为现在完成进行时，表示“中国人来这里”这一动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻还在继续进行或可能继续下去。
The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next morning．At the station, in contrast to⑨ Toronto, they heard people talking in French．They were surprised to see that all the signs and advertisements⑩ were in French and many people spoke English with an accent ．[5]
[5]本句为主从复合句，其中that引导的宾语从句作动词see的宾语，宾语从句由(第二个)and连接的两个并列分句构成。
“We don't leave until this evening，” said Liu Qian． “Let's go downtown．Old Montreal is close to the water．”
They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces along St Paul Street．As they sat in a restaurant alongside the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them．
“Hello, my name is Jean-Philippe．I'm a photographer ，” he said，“and I was wondering where you are from．”
The girls told him they were from China and were on a train trip across Canada．When they told him they had only one day in Montreal, he said, “That's too bad．You owe it to yourselves to stay longer．Overall ， Montreal is a city with wonderful sights and sounds．Most of us speak both English and French, and the city has unique Quebec culture and traditions．There are fantastic restaurants and clubs around, too．Here, we love good coffee, toast ， and cheese．And good music, of course！”
That night the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River towards the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast towards the province of Nova Scotia and its largest city, Halifax．The cousins dreamt happily of the beautiful cobblestone streets，old brick buildings, and the red maple leaves of Montreal．
坐火车看“真北方”：多伦多与蒙特利尔
李黛予和表妹来到多伦多这个加拿大最大、最富有的城市后，离出发到下一站蒙特利尔之前只有几个小时的时间，她们就在市区逛了逛。她们登上了加拿大国家电视塔，眺望安大略湖畔。她们站在远处眺望，看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾，感到非常震撼。湖水流入尼亚加拉河，越过瀑布，流向大海。
女孩们看到成百上千座玻璃和钢铁建造的摩天大楼，还有老式汽车从她们身边驶过。她们从港口区往北走的时候，李黛予说：“我妈妈的老校友林菲就住在这里。我应该给她打个电话，看看她是否有空一起吃晚饭。”
黄昏时分，她们来到市中心唐人街的一家餐馆跟林菲见了面，并共进晚餐。表姐妹俩和林菲聊了起来。林菲多年前就搬到了加拿大。
“这是多伦多最大的唐人街。在大多伦多地区还有一些唐人街，所以你们可以猜到加拿大有很多中国人！中国人来这里已经有一百多年的历史了。因此，我们可以在这里吃到来自中国各地的各色美食。”林菲告诉她们。
火车当晚很晚发车，次日一早抵达蒙特利尔。与多伦多不同，她们在火车站听到人们用法语交谈。她们惊讶地发现这里所有的标志和广告都是用法语写的，而且许多人说英语都有口音。
“我们今天晚上才走，”刘倩说。“我们去市区吧。蒙特利尔老城区靠近水域。”
整个下午她们逛了许多有吸引力的商店，还拜访了圣保罗街边工作坊里的艺术家。她们坐在宽阔的圣劳伦斯河旁的一家餐馆里时，一个年轻人和她们坐在一起。
“你们好，我叫让-菲利普，是个摄影师，”他说，“我想知道你们从哪里来。”
女孩们告诉他，她们来自中国，并且正在进行横穿加拿大的火车之旅。当她们告诉他，她们在蒙特利尔只待一天时，他说：“那太可惜了。你们应该多待些时间。总的来说，蒙特利尔是一座声色俱佳的城市。我们大多数人会说英语和法语。这座城市有着独特的魁北克文化和传统。附近还有很棒的餐厅和俱乐部。在这里，我们喜欢美味的咖啡、吐司和奶酪。当然，还有美妙的音乐！”
那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河向圣劳伦斯湾疾驰而去，再朝远处的东海岸驶往新斯科舍省及其最大的城市哈利法克斯。表姐妹俩幸福地进入了梦乡，她们梦见了蒙特利尔美丽的鹅卵石街道、古老的砖砌建筑和鲜红的枫叶。
THANKSPeriod 4 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
1．contrary adj．相反的；相对立的 n．相反的事实(或事情)
on the contrary(在句中作状语)
相反地；正相反，恰恰相反
contrary to 相反的；相对立的
to the contrary(起形容词作用时，作后置定语)
相反的；相反地
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He continued to drink despite medical advice ________ the contrary．
②Contrary ________ his expectations, he found the atmosphere exciting．
③他的意见与我的相反。换句话说，我们有相反的观点。
His opinions ____________ mine．In other words, we have ____________．
2．proceed vi．行进；继续做
proceed from 出于；来自；发生于；起因于
proceed with 继续某事
proceed to 向……进发；进入(下一个议程项目)； 接着做
proceed to do sth． 继续做某事
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Great things proceed ________ small beginnings．
②Passengers for Rome should proceed ________ Gate 32 for boarding．
③她先说不饿，接着却要了一份三道菜的大餐。
Having said she wasn't hungry, she then ________________________．
过去分词、动词-ing形式作表语和状语
一、过去分词作表语
1．过去分词作表语的基本用法
过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或具备的特征，多位于系动词之后。这些系动词有be，remain，feel，look，seem，become等。
An hour after the match，the kids remained excited．
比赛(结束)一小时后，孩子们仍然很兴奋。
The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with the gifts．
她脸上的微笑表明她对这些礼物很满意。
We were amazed at the beauty of the lake．
这个湖泊的美使我们感到惊奇。
2．过去分词与动词-ing形式作表语的区别
英语中有很多与感觉有关的动词，其动词-ing形式意为“令人……的”，多用来形容事物；其过去分词意为“(人)感到……的”，多用来形容人、人的声音或表情等。这类词常见的有：
The piece of equipment is an exciting development．
这台设备是一项振奋人心的研究成果。
An excited crowd of people gathered around her．
一群激动的人聚集在她周围。
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ________ (disappoint)．
②When he heard the ________ story, he was deeply ________．(move)
③Most of the enterprises were highly ________ (satisfy) with the business environment improvement．
④如果你对它感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发送更多信息。
____________________， please let me know and I'll send you more information．
⑤面对新工作的调整，他感觉既兴奋又紧张。
Facing the adjustment of his new job, ________________________．
二、过去分词作状语
1．过去分词作状语的功能
过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词所表示的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况；构成过去分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
Built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful．
这座房子是30年前建造的，它看起来很漂亮。
2．过去分词与动词-ing形式作状语的区别
语法 逻辑关系 时间概念
过去分词作状语 与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动 往往发生于谓语动词所表示的动作之前，或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，也可以表示“一种状态”
动词-ing形式作状语 与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动 一般式(doing)与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生；完成式(having done)发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
Seeing from the top of the hill，you will find the city looks like a big garden．
从山顶看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)
Seen from the top of the hill，the city looks like a big garden．
从山顶看，这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
[巧学妙记] 分词作状语记忆口诀：
分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用动词-ing，被动用过去分词。
having done表先后，千万要牢记。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room．
②________ (found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s．
③If you get ________ (lose) in a strange place, you'd better not move and wait for help there．
④尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。
________________， the farmers were still working in the fields．
⑤他把自己锁在书房里，一整天都在准备论文。
________________， he has been preparing his paper all day long．
短文语境填空
A cook was caught 1．________ (smoke) red-handed and the owner of the restaurant made him fired immediately．With so many staff 2．________ (look) at him，he felt very 3．________ (embarrass)．His colleagues found it right for him to be punished，because the 4．________ (light) cigarette ends could cause the whole restaurant to catch fire．The cook begged the owner to give him the last chance．The owner eventually had him apologize and got him 5．________ (fine)．The cook was allowed to remain．Now，he is seen mopping the floors hard and I notice many customers 6．________ (pass) him．He reminded them to mind the sign, reading “NO SMOKING！” I hear a voice in my heart 7．________ (say) “respect yourself and you will feel 8．________ (value)”．
第二篇课文(Using Language)
①proceed vi．行进；继续做
②the next leg of...……的下一段路程
leg [熟词生义] n．[C]一段路程(或赛程)
③shore n．[C，U]岸；滨
④be astonished to see...看到……感到吃惊
astonished adj．感到惊讶的
⑤misty adj．多雾的；模糊的
⑥steel n．[U]钢；钢铁工业
⑦old-fashioned adj．陈旧的，过时的
⑧be available for sth． 有空做某事
available adj．(人)有空的
⑨in contrast to...与……相比
⑩advertisement n．
(informal ad)[C]广告；启事
with an accent带有口音
accent n．[C，U]口音
photographer n．[C]摄影师；拍照者
owe it to oneself to do sth． 自己应该做某事
owe vt．欠(账、债、情等)
overall adv．总体上；大致上
toast n．[U]烤面包片；吐司；[C]干杯 vt．为……干杯 vi．& vt．烤(尤指面包)
speed vi．快速前行
SEEING THE TRUE NORTH VIA
RAIL: TORONTO AND MONTREAL
After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto，the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed① to the next leg of② their trip to Montreal, so they went on a tour of the city．They went up the CN Tower and looked across the shores③ of Lake Ontario．Standing in the distance[1], they were astonished to see④ misty⑤ clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls[2], which is on the south side of the lake[3]．Water from the lakes flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea．
[1]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
[2]不定式短语作原因状语，包含“see＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构。
[3]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the great Niagara Falls。
The girls saw hundreds of skyscrapers of glass and steel⑥， and old-fashioned⑦ cars rolling by．As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mother's old schoolmates, lives here．I should phone her and see if she's available for⑧ dinner．”
They met Lin Fei around dusk over dinner at a restaurant in downtown Chinatown．The cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier．
“This is the largest Chinatown in Toronto．We have a few more in the Greater Toronto Area, so you can guess that there are a lot of Chinese people in Canada! Chinese people have been coming[4] here for more than a hundred years．Therefore, we can get all kinds of great food here from all over China，” Lin Fei told them．
[4]have/has been doing为现在完成进行时，表示“中国人来这里”这一动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻还在继续进行或可能继续下去。
The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next morning．At the station, in contrast to⑨ Toronto, they heard people talking in French．They were surprised to see that all the signs and advertisements⑩ were in French and many people spoke English with an accent ．[5]
[5]本句为主从复合句，其中that引导的宾语从句作动词see的宾语，宾语从句由(第二个)and连接的两个并列分句构成。
“We don't leave until this evening，” said Liu Qian． “Let's go downtown．Old Montreal is close to the water．”
They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces along St Paul Street．As they sat in a restaurant alongside the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them．
“Hello, my name is Jean-Philippe．I'm a photographer ，” he said，“and I was wondering where you are from．”
The girls told him they were from China and were on a train trip across Canada．When they told him they had only one day in Montreal, he said, “That's too bad．You owe it to yourselves to stay longer．Overall ， Montreal is a city with wonderful sights and sounds．Most of us speak both English and French, and the city has unique Quebec culture and traditions．There are fantastic restaurants and clubs around, too．Here, we love good coffee, toast ， and cheese．And good music, of course！”
That night the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River towards the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast towards the province of Nova Scotia and its largest city, Halifax．The cousins dreamt happily of the beautiful cobblestone streets，old brick buildings, and the red maple leaves of Montreal．
坐火车看“真北方”：多伦多与蒙特利尔
李黛予和表妹来到多伦多这个加拿大最大、最富有的城市后，离出发到下一站蒙特利尔之前只有几个小时的时间，她们就在市区逛了逛。她们登上了加拿大国家电视塔，眺望安大略湖畔。她们站在远处眺望，看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾，感到非常震撼。湖水流入尼亚加拉河，越过瀑布，流向大海。
女孩们看到成百上千座玻璃和钢铁建造的摩天大楼，还有老式汽车从她们身边驶过。她们从港口区往北走的时候，李黛予说：“我妈妈的老校友林菲就住在这里。我应该给她打个电话，看看她是否有空一起吃晚饭。”
黄昏时分，她们来到市中心唐人街的一家餐馆跟林菲见了面，并共进晚餐。表姐妹俩和林菲聊了起来。林菲多年前就搬到了加拿大。
“这是多伦多最大的唐人街。在大多伦多地区还有一些唐人街，所以你们可以猜到加拿大有很多中国人！中国人来这里已经有一百多年的历史了。因此，我们可以在这里吃到来自中国各地的各色美食。”林菲告诉她们。
火车当晚很晚发车，次日一早抵达蒙特利尔。与多伦多不同，她们在火车站听到人们用法语交谈。她们惊讶地发现这里所有的标志和广告都是用法语写的，而且许多人说英语都有口音。
“我们今天晚上才走，”刘倩说。“我们去市区吧。蒙特利尔老城区靠近水域。”
整个下午她们逛了许多有吸引力的商店，还拜访了圣保罗街边工作坊里的艺术家。她们坐在宽阔的圣劳伦斯河旁的一家餐馆里时，一个年轻人和她们坐在一起。
“你们好，我叫让-菲利普，是个摄影师，”他说，“我想知道你们从哪里来。”
女孩们告诉他，她们来自中国，并且正在进行横穿加拿大的火车之旅。当她们告诉他，她们在蒙特利尔只待一天时，他说：“那太可惜了。你们应该多待些时间。总的来说，蒙特利尔是一座声色俱佳的城市。我们大多数人会说英语和法语。这座城市有着独特的魁北克文化和传统。附近还有很棒的餐厅和俱乐部。在这里，我们喜欢美味的咖啡、吐司和奶酪。当然，还有美妙的音乐！”
那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河向圣劳伦斯湾疾驰而去，再朝远处的东海岸驶往新斯科舍省及其最大的城市哈利法克斯。表姐妹俩幸福地进入了梦乡，她们梦见了蒙特利尔美丽的鹅卵石街道、古老的砖砌建筑和鲜红的枫叶。
Period 4
核心词汇
1．①to ②to ③are contrary to；contrary opinions
2．①from ②to ③proceeded to order a three-course meal
单元语法
[即时训练1]
①disappointed ②moving；moved ③satisfied
④If you are interested in it ⑤he felt both excited and nervous
[即时训练2]
①Designed ②Founded ③lost ④Warned of the storm ⑤Locked in his study
巩固落实
1．smoking 2．looking 3．embarrassed 4．lighted
5．fined 6．passing 7．saying 8．valued
1 / 8
