(共111张PPT)
Period 7
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
主题语境
人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物
单元回顾 默写背诵(SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS)
1．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
2．fake adj．假装的；假的；冒充的
3．slight adj．轻微的；略微的；细小的
4．nonverbal adj．不涉及言语的；非言语的
5．assessment n．评价；评定
6．slump vi．垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
7．tick vt．(给试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi．(钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n．钩号
8．stare n．凝视 vi．盯着看；凝视
9．distract vt．分散(注意力)；使分心
10．intervene vi． 干预；介入
1．_____ n．改变；转换；轮班 vi．&vt．转移；挪动；转向
2．____________ adj．相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
3．________ adj．聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
4．_________ vi．认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
5．________ adj．数量多的；多种多样的
6．_______ vi．&vt．怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
shift
contradictory
brilliant
subscribe
multiple
suspect
7．___________ n．介入；出面；干涉
8．__________ adj．大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
9．_______ adj．抽象的；理论上的 n．(文献等的)摘要
10．______ adj．最初的；开始的；第一的
11．________ n．混凝土 adj．混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
12．__________ adj．优秀的；杰出的；明显的
intervention
substantial
abstract
initial
concrete
outstanding
1．severe adj．极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→________ adv．严重地；严厉地
2．infect vt．使感染；传染→_________ n．感染；传染→________ adj．带菌的；被感染的
3．prove v．证明；证实→_____ n．证据；证明；检验
4．pure adj．干净的；纯的；纯粹的→______ n．纯洁；纯净；纯粹
severely
infection
infected
proof
purity
5．transform vt．使改观；使改变形态 vi．改变；转变→______________ n．改观；改革
6．mechanic n．机械师；机械修理工→__________ adj．机械的；发动机的；机器的
7．defend vt．保卫；防守；辩解→______________ n．防御；保卫；辩护
8．assist v．帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；援助；支持→_________ n．助理；助手
transformation
mechanical
defence/defense
assistant
9．lead v．领导；引领；带路；通向；导致→leader n．领导→__________ n．领导；领导地位；领导才能
10．gift n．礼物；天赋；天才→______ adj．有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
11．astronomy n．天文学→__________ n．天文学家
leadership
gifted
astronomer
1．______________ 最终地；彻底地
2．___________ 同意；赞同
3．___________ 应受责备
4．________ 照料；照顾
5．________ 死于……
6．_________ 生孩子
7．________________ 很可能做某事
once and for all
subscribe to
be to blame
attend to
die from
give birth
be likely to do sth．
8．________ 幸亏，由于
9．_________ (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
10．___________ 主管；掌管
11．_______________患(病)；染上(小病)
12．_________ 尤其是；最重要的是
13．_______________ 追溯到
thanks to
break out
in charge of
come down with
above all
be traced back to
1．Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow, showed how it could be overcome．
在英国医生约翰·斯诺(向人们)展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
2．As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera．
由于没人知道如何防治霍乱，年轻的约翰·斯诺医生变得沮丧。
3．He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days．
他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。
4．Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen．
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
5．He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme．
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，他不仅受命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。
6．However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing．
然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。
学校门口在上学和放学时间经常出现交通堵塞，给全校师生和路人带来不便。为了确保学校门口正常的交通秩序，学校向全校师生征集解决交通堵塞的良策。假如你叫李华，是一名高一的学生。现在，请你用英语向校长写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．说明写信的目的；
2．分析学校门口拥堵的原因并给出建议。
注意：1．词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：交通堵塞traffic jam；不便inconvenience
Dear headmaster，
I am Li Hua, a student from Senior One．_____________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[高分范文背诵]
Dear headmaster，
I am Li Hua, a student from Senior One． With so many parents coming to pick up their children, traffic jams are frequent near the school gate, causing much inconvenience to us and passers-by． I am writing to discuss the traffic problem near our school gate．
In order to avoid traffic congestion, I strongly recommend some effective measures be taken． First, encourage students to ride a bicycle or walk to school by themselves instead of taking a car, which will not
only help reduce the jam but benefit students' health． Besides, it is also a good idea to allow Senior One students to leave school 10 minutes earlier than others, which will surely make the street less crowded．
I do hope there will be fewer traffic jams near our school gate．
Yours，
Li Hua
[片段1]
The next morning, my heart sank as I lifted the lid of the garbage can and saw Susan's carpet lying there． Hesitating only a moment, I picked it up． After giving it a light brush, I brought it into the house and put it away in the hall closet．
第二天早上，当我掀起垃圾桶盖，看到苏珊的地毯躺在那里时，我的心一沉。我只犹豫了一会儿，就把它捡了起来。轻轻刷了一下之后，我把它带进屋里，放在大厅的壁橱里。
[片段2]
I could feel blood rushing into my face and I was really eager to find a hole to hide myself in no time． Much to my surprise, Evelyn added that she thought it was cool when I talked to my parents with my hands． I breathed a sigh of relief．
我能感觉到血液涌上我的脸，我真的很想立刻找到一个洞来隐藏自己。令我惊讶的是，伊芙琳补充道，当我用手和父母交谈时，她觉得这很酷。我松了一口气。
单元综合检测(一)
第一部分 阅读
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
What Is Your Pet Trying to Tell You
Animals want our attention，and sometimes they're quite obviously about asking for it．Unusual behaviors are often our pets' way of telling us to stop what we're doing and play with them．It's why Fido constantly chases his tail and why Kitty keeps rolling around．A desperately bored pet may have “bad” behaviors to get a reaction—even a negative one!
Feed me．
Sure，your dog loves you，but that's not why he's licking(舔) your face．A puppy learns to lick his mother's mouth to get a little leftover food．So Spot isn't kissing you；he just wants a snack．
I'm stressed．
Cat owners also misinterpret their furry friends' kisses．While a cat might lick you to show love，sometimes she'll do it to ease herself．One way to tell if her licking is stress-related is to see if it goes on for an extended period of time．Birds also overclean when they feel anxious．Some will even drag out their own feathers．
My tail tells all．
Dogs wag(摇) their tails to the right when they see something or someone they want to approach，and to the left when they see something they want to avoid．When frightened，dogs curl their tails in，while cats wrap theirs around themselves．And if a cat's tail looks like a question mark，she's eager to play．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种宠物表达某些想法时的一些行为表现。
1．What does a dog show if it kisses its owner
A．Hunger． B．Love．
C．Fear． D．Sadness．
A [细节理解题。根据Feed me．部分中的“A puppy learns to lick his mother's mouth to get a little leftover food．So Spot isn't kissing you；he just wants a snack．”可知，小狗亲吻它的主人是想要告诉主人它饿了。故选A。]
√
2．How many kinds of pets are mentioned in the text
A．Two． B．Three．
C．Four． D．Five．
B [细节理解题。根据第二段提到的 dog，第三段提到的 cat 和 birds可知，文中一共提到三种宠物。故选B。]
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3．What will happen if birds get anxious
A．They will drag others' feathers．
B．They will approach someone they like．
C．They will clean their feathers more than necessary．
D．They will stare at their owners for a longer time．
C [根据I'm stressed．部分中的“Birds also overclean when they feel anxious．Some will even drag out their own feathers．”可知，鸟感到焦虑时，它们会过度清洁自己的羽毛，有些鸟甚至会拔掉自己的羽毛。故选C。]
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B
I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America． We were on the bus then． I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me． I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning．
I do not remember myself crying for this reason again． In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives． When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see—the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures． The country I was leaving and never to come back was hardly in my head then．
The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once． For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves． I did not quite know what I was or what I should be． Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me． Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other． I was often sad, and saw no end to “the hard times”．
My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home． I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives．
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己在美国的生活经历认识到一条非常重要的原则：只要不放弃，几乎所有的困难最终都会被解决。
4．How did the author get to know America
A．From her relatives．
B．From her mother．
C．From books and pictures．
D．From radio programs．
C [细节理解题。根据第二段的“the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures”可知，作者是通过书本和图片了解美国的。故选C。]
√
5．Upon leaving for America the author felt ________________．
A．confused B．excited
C．worried D．amazed
B [推理判断题。根据第二段的“When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see—the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures．”可推断，作者要离开去美国的时候，应该是感到兴奋的。故选B。]
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6．For the first two years in New York, the author ________________．
A．often lost her way
B．did not think about her future
C．studied in three different schools
D．got on well with her stepfather
C [细节理解题。根据第三段的“For the first two years in New York I was really lost — having to study in three schools as a result of family moves．”可知，在纽约的前两年，作者在三所不同的学校学习。故选C。]
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7．What is the author's attitude towards life
A．Pessimistic． B．Indifferent．
C．Positive． D．Ambiguous．
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last ... I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy．”可知，作者从自己的经历中学到了一条非常重要的原则：只要不放弃，几乎所有的困难最终都会被解决。由此推知，作者对生活的态度是积极乐观的。故选C。]
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C
36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born in Pingxiang, and was blind in both eyes due to eye disease． She showed athletic talent since childhood and was selected as an athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons' Federation．
Although she can't see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles while running, letting the world see her． In her sports career, Jia has won 43 medals． Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium of the women's T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics．
In 2017, Jia retired and chose to become a teacher at a special education school． Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments, wanted to be an athlete． But Jia could only help them attend a local special education school． The experience made her realize these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education． As a result, she decided to become more involved in special education．
Changing from a competitor to a special education teacher, Jia said that there is no discomfort, “Because I understand the students and knows the inconveniences and difficulties of the children． I hope every child is like a seed． Through hard study, they can bravely realize their own life．”
Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people． In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible traffic signals for blind people． Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowing the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs． Jia founded a massage shop and employed 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3，500 yuan per person．
Jia believes the world is a circle, as long as the love is constantly passed on, the whole society will be full of love!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2016年残奥会运动员贾君婷仙的有关事迹。
8．What can we know about Jia according to the passage
A．She became blind because of injury．
B．She was selected to be an athlete because of her talent．
C．She broke the world record and won a medal in Tokyo．
D．She became a teacher at a special education school in 2016．
√
B [细节理解题。根据第一段“She showed athletic talent since childhood and was selected as an athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons' Federation．(她从幼年就展现出运动天赋，被江西省残疾人联合会选为运动员。)”可知，由于贾君婷仙的天赋，她被选为运动员。故选B项。]
9．What is the main idea of the third paragraph
A．The challenge in Jia's career of special education．
B．The reason for Jia's more devotion to special education．
C．Jia's efforts to be a special education teacher．
D．Jia's achievements in special education．
√
B [段落大意题。根据第三段中“Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments, wanted to be an athlete． But Jia could only help them attend a local special education school． The experience made her realize these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education． As a result, she decided to become more involved in special education．(就在一年前，她发现两个有视力障碍的弟弟想成为运动员。但贾只能帮助他们上当地的特殊教育学校。这段经历让她意识到，这些生活在偏远地区的孩子可能对特殊教育知之甚少。因此，她决定更多地参与特殊教育。)”可知，本段主要介绍了贾君婷仙更加热衷于特殊教育的原因。故选B项。]
10．How did Jia improve the life of disabled people
A．By offering them working opportunities．
B．By helping them train their assistance dogs．
C．By designing more traffic signals for them．
D．By organizing a volunteer organization for them．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第五段“Jia founded a massage shop and employed 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3，500 yuan per person．(贾开了一家按摩店，雇用了16名视障人士，每人平均月薪3 500元。)”可知，贾君婷仙为残疾人提供工作，以此来改善他们的生活。故选A项。]
11．Which of the following words can be used to describe Jia Juntingxian
A．Caring and curious．
B．Talented and patient．
C．Kind-hearted and considerate．
D．Cautious and diligent．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第五段“Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people． In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible traffic signals for blind people． Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowing the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs． Jia founded a massage shop and employed 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3，500 yuan per person．(贾还密切关注残疾人的权益。2021年，贾提议为盲人建造可听交通信号灯。她向地方当局提出的关于养犬管理的建议使得更多的室内公共场所允许残疾人带着他们的协助犬进入。贾开了一家按摩店，雇用了16名视障人士，每人平均月薪3 500元。)”可知，贾君婷仙密切关注残疾人的权益，为残疾人着想，提出有利的建议，并为残疾人提供工作和报酬，所以贾君婷仙是一位善良且体贴的人。故选C项。]
D
When you think of the Himalayas, you may picture tall, rocky, snow-covered peaks． But that's not true．
The subnival (亚冰雪的) region is the zone between the treeline and the snowline． It is 5 to 5 times as large as the areas of glaciers and permanent snow, which means studying it is vital to understanding the Himalayas as a whole．
The treeline is the edge of an ecosystem where trees are able to grow, and beyond the treeline environmental conditions become too tough to allow tree growth． Meanwhile, snowlines are the boundaries on mountains that separate areas with permanent snow (where snow is present for the majority of the year) from areas with seasonal or no snow．
Researchers used satellite data from 1993 to 2018 to measure plant cover between 4，150 meters and 6，000 meters above sea level． The scientists discovered that the greatest increase in plant cover was between an altitude of 5，000 meters and 5，500 meters． Subnival plants mostly include small shrubs and grasses．
Even areas once completely occupied by glaciers now hold rocks covered with mosses, lichen, and sometimes even flowers． In addition, the snowline seems to be retreating，while the treeline is expanding． This shows that the region is becoming warmer, causing more melting of snow and allowing vegetation to move up in height．
In the past 40 years, 25% of all Himalayan ice has been lost due to global warming． Himalayan glaciers are reducing by about 0.5 meters each year． The rate of glacier melting has doubled in this decade． The melting of glaciers increases water in the region, making it wetter． Receding snow also forces the snowline to move up, providing a greater amount of area for the warm and moist conditions, which are perfect for vegetation growth．
As of now, we do not know whether vegetation will accelerate or slow down the rate of glacier melting．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员们发现随着全球气候变化，喜马拉雅山区的植被都在增加等情况。
12．How does the writer develop the third paragraph
A．By explaining concepts．
B．By providing some examples．
C．By analyzing causes and effects．
D．By listing specific data．
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A [推理判断题。根据第三段“The treeline is the edge of an ecosystem where trees are able to grow, and beyond the treeline environmental conditions become too tough to allow tree growth． Meanwhile, snowlines are the boundaries on mountains that separate areas with permanent snow (where snow is present for the majority of the year) from areas with seasonal or no snow．(树木生长线是树木能够生长的生态系统的边缘，在树木生长线之外的环境条件过于恶劣，无法让树木生长。同时，雪线是山上的边界，将长期降雪的地区(全年大部分时间有降雪)与季节性或无降雪地区分开。)”可推知，本段介绍了林木线以及雪线，并分别进行了解释，因此是通过做解释展开第三段内容的。故选A。]
13．What does the underlined word “retreating” mean in paragraph 5
A．Disappearing． B．Lengthening．
C．Withdrawing． D．Widening．
C [词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In addition, the snowline seems to be (另外，雪线似乎正在)”以及后文“while the treeline is expanding(树木生长线正在扩大)”可知，这里的while表示对比，因此说明前面的雪线正在后退。故画线词意思是“后退”。故选C。]
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14．What is the direct effect of global warming on the Himalayas
A．The snowline moves up．
B．Glaciers are melting faster．
C．The subnival area is wetter．
D．Plants grow much better．
√
B [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In the past 40 years, 25% of all Himalayan ice has been lost due to global warming． Himalayan glaciers are reducing by about 0.5 meters each year． The rate of glacier melting has doubled in this decade．(在过去的40年里，由于全球变暖，25%的喜马拉雅冰川已经消失。 喜马拉雅冰川每年减少约0.5米。 冰川融化的速度在这十年里翻了一番。)”可知，气候变暖直接导致喜马拉雅山冰川融化加快。故选B。]
15．What is the best title for the text
A．The Climate of the Himalayas Is Changing
B．Icebergs in the Himalayas Have Disappeared
C．Plants Are Diverse in the Himalayas
D．Plant Life Spreads in the Himalayas
√
D [标题归纳题。根据第四段中“Researchers used satellite data from 1993 to 2018 to measure plant cover between 4，150 meters and 6，000 meters above sea level． The scientists discovered that the greatest increase in plant cover was between an altitude of 5，000 meters and
5，500 meters．(研究人员利用1993年至2018年的卫星数据，测量了海拔4 150米至6 000米之间的植物覆盖面积。科学家们发现，海拔
5 000米到5 500米之间的植被覆盖增加最多。)”结合全文内容可知文章主要介绍了研究人员们发现随着全球气候变化，喜马拉雅山区的植被都在增加等情况。故D选项“植物在喜马拉雅山蔓延”最适合作本文标题。故选D。]
第二节
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Deal with Seasonal Fatigue (困乏)
During the summer, we are very handy when it comes to work． In the morning, we wake up full of energy, motivated to give our best at work or school． Energy does not leave us even during the afternoon．
It is not until around eight o'clock in the evening that we begin to feel a little tired． 16 Don't worry you are not alone． That's why, in this article, we will tell you about the effective ways to overcome autumn fatigue．
Focus on diet
If you pour poor quality fuel in the car, it won't drive as it should． Our body also works like that． If you eat fast food, processed and heavy foods, you cannot expect to be full of energy． 17 If you feel tired in the autumn, your diet is the factor you should start with． A balanced and healthy meal is the best choice．
Exercise regularly
18 It improves overall health, and quality of sleep, helps to lose weight, improves cognitive function and even has a positive effect on overall feelings of fatigue． Each person should engage in 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity or 74-minute high-intensity physical activity per week． Over time, you will realize that even when you are tired you are looking forward to exercise．
Make yourself happy
You have surely experienced times when you don't feel like yourself, you don't feel like doing anything, you feel under the weather and then something comes along that makes you happy． 20 That's exactly why you should enjoy your life． There is nothing wrong with making yourself happy．
A．Your body won't function properly as well．
B．Exercise has an undoubtedly positive effect on health．
C．Because it improves your mood and boosts you with fresh energy．
D．Your day turns 180 degrees in a second and you feel full of energy．
E．But it's difficult for us to have a sound sleep at 11 o'clock in the evening．
F．Then autumn comes and we feel as if someone has pressed a button and initiated sleep mode．
G．Inviting a friend to do daily exercise with you can help you stay on track with regular activities．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何应对季节性疲劳。
16．F [下文“Don't worry you are not alone． That's why, in this article, we will tell you about the effective ways to overcome autumn fatigue． (别担心，你并不孤单。这就是为什么，在本文中，我们将告诉您克服秋季疲劳的有效方法。)”说明空格处说的是秋天这个季节克服疲劳的方法，因此F项“秋天来了，我们感觉好像有人按下了一个按钮，启动了睡眠模式。”符合语境，故选F。]
17．A [上文“If you eat fast food, processed and heavy foods, you cannot expect to be full of energy． (如果你吃快餐、加工食品和油腻的食品，你就不能指望精力充沛。)”说明空格处讲的是吃快餐、加工食品和油腻的食品对健康的影响，因此空处应该承接上文，继续描述给你身体带来的影响，A项“你的身体也不能正常工作。”符合语境，故选A。]
18．B [根据段落标题“Exercise regularly (定期锻炼)”以及下文“It improves overall health, and quality of sleep, helps to lose weight, improves cognitive function and even has a positive effect on overall feeling of fatigue．(它改善整体健康和睡眠质量，有助于减肥，改善认知功能，甚至对整体疲劳感有积极影响。)”说明了运动的重要性，因此B项“运动无疑对健康有积极的影响。”符合语境，故选B。]
19．C [上文“Over time, you will realize that even when you are tired you are looking forward to exercise． (久而久之，你会意识到，即使当你累了，你也期待着锻炼。)”指出人们期待锻炼，因此空处应该承接上文，指出人们期待锻炼的原因，C项“因为它可以改善你的情绪，并为你注入新鲜的能量。”符合语境，故选C。]
20．D [下文“That's exactly why you should enjoy your life．(这正是你应该享受生活的原因。)”可知，空处应该是说明享受生活的原因，因此D项“你的一天在一秒钟内转了180度，你感到精力充沛。”符合语境，故选D。]
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was seven years old and my sister Amy was just five years old, we were playing on the top of a bunk bed． I thought without help or any 21 from me at all, suddenly Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and 22 with a crash on the floor． I nervously peered over the side of the bed and saw that she had landed 23 on her hands and knees on the ground． I was nervous because my parents had
me with making sure that we played as 25 as possible． I saw my sister's painful face threatening to 26 from her mouth and threatening to wake up my parents． So I did the only thing my little seven-year-old could think to change this 28 ． I said, “Amy, Amy, wait． Don't cry...No human lands on all fours like that． Amy, I think this means you're a unicorn (独角兽)．” 29 ， that was cheating, but there was nothing in the world my sister would want more than the unicorn． Instead of crying, 30 our play, and all the negative consequences that would have waited for me, a smile 31 across her face． She climbed onto the bunk bed again with all the grace of a baby unicorn, with one 32 leg．
What we 33 unconsciously at that tender age is something called positive psychology． It's not necessarily the reality that shapes us, but the lens (棱镜) through which your brain 34 the world that shapes your reality． And if we can change the lens, believe me we can change every single educational and business 35 at the same time．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候在一次“我”和妹妹玩耍的过程中，妹妹从床上掉落到地板上，而“我”编织了一个谎言改变了事情的结局。通过这件事情，“我”意识到了用积极的心理看待世界的重要性。
21．A．hug B．drag
C．risk D．push
D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，没有任何帮助，也没有任何来自我的推动，突然艾米从双层床的顶部消失了，坠落在地板上。根据下文“suddenly Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed”可知，从作者的角度来看，他觉得妹妹不知道怎么会掉下床，他觉得自己没有推妹妹。故选D。]
√
22．A．perceived B．completed
C．landed D．exploded
C [考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。根据下文“with a crash on the floor”及“saw that she had landed”可知，妹妹从床上跌落到地上。故选C。]
√
23．A．crazily B．painfully
C．happily D．widely
B [考查副词词义辨析。句意：我紧张地从床的侧面看过去，看到她痛苦地用双手和膝盖着地。根据常识和下文中的“I saw my sister's painful face”可以看出妹妹从双层床上跌落是非常痛的。故选B。]
√
24．A．provided B．awarded
C．shared D．charged
D [考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很紧张，因为我的父母要求我确保我们尽可能安全地玩耍。父母已经叮嘱过“我”，一定要保证妹妹和“我”玩耍的时候注意安全。故选D。]
√
25．A．safely B．warmly
C．loudly D．mildly
A [考查副词词义辨析。参见上题解析。故选A。]
√
26．A．jump B．erupt
C．complain D．mourn
B [考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到我妹妹痛苦的脸，预示着她要喊出来，预示着她的喊声要叫醒我的父母。根据下文“threatening to wake up my parents”可知，妹妹疼得想要叫喊，这样会叫醒我的父母。所以此处指她痛得要喊出声来。故选B。]
√
27．A．face B．head
C．brain D．soul
C [考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我做了我七岁的小脑袋能想到的唯一一件事来改变这个悲剧。根据下文“No human lands on all fours like that． Amy, I think this means you're a unicorn．”可知，我对妹妹撒谎骗她。所以此处指我脑子里想到的事。故选C。]
√
28．A．tragedy B．chance
C．shock D．legend
A [考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据上文内容和“I was nervous because my parents had ________________ me with making sure that we played as ________________ as possible．”可知，妹妹从床上掉落到了地上，父母要求我确保我们安全地玩耍，妹妹摔下床疼得要叫出声来，这会惊醒父母，这对我来说是一个悲剧。故选A。]
√
29．A．Oppositely B．Obviously
C．Similarly D．Consequently
B [考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这是撒谎。但我妹妹最想要的就是独角兽了。根据上文“I think this means you're a unicorn．”下文“that was cheating”可知，我对妹妹跌落到地上的样子说她是独角兽，这是明显的欺骗。故选B。]
√
30．A．ceasing B．continuing
C．envying D．replacing
A [考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有哭，没有停止我们的游戏，也没有等待我的所有消极后果，她的脸上慢慢地露出了笑容。根据下文“She climbed onto the bunk bed again”可知，妹妹再次爬到床上和我一起玩耍，所以此处指我们没有停止玩耍。故选A。]
√
31．A．proceeded B．slid
C．spread D．stretched
C [考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。根据上文“I saw my sister's painful face threatening to ____________ from her mouth”及本句“a smile ________________ across her face”可知，从开始的痛苦的脸到微笑出现在脸上，笑容的出现是缓慢的。故选C。]
√
32．A．broken B．slim
C．freezing D．dead
A [考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她又爬上了双层床，带着独角兽宝宝的优雅姿态，断了一条腿。根据上文“Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and________________with a crash on the floor”妹妹从双层床上跌落到地上，可推知，妹妹摔伤了腿。故选A。]
√
33．A．adapt to B．come across
C．pay for D．point out
B [考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们在幼年时无意识地遇到的是一种叫作积极心理学的东西。根据上文“Amy, Amy, wait． Don't cry...No human lands on all fours like that． Amy, I think this means you're a unicorn．”及“a smile ________________across her face”可知，我看到妹妹痛苦的样子，我骗她说她是独角兽，这让她忘记了疼痛，脸上露出微笑，这实际上是积极的心理暗示，所以此处指这个叫积极心理学的东西是偶尔发现的。故选B。]
√
34．A．changes B．imagines
C．views D．creates
C [考查动词词义辨析。句意：并不一定是现实世界造就我们，而是我们大脑用来看世界的那个镜片造就了我们的现实世界。根据上文“It's not necessarily the reality that shapes us, but the lens”及下文“the world”可知，镜片是用来看东西的。故选C。]
√
35．A．appearance B．person
C．protest D．outcome
D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们可以改变镜头，相信我，我们可以同时改变每一个教育和商业成果。结合本句中“if we can change the lens, believe me we can change every single educational and business”可知，如果我们可以换一副镜片，我们就可以改变每一个结果。故选D。]
√
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has the world's largest number of world natural heritage sites，according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration． The country is now home 36．____ 14 world natural heritage sites and four mixed sites，37．________ are noted for both cultural and natural features，both leading the world in terms of quantity，the administration said．These heritage sites 38．___________(effective) protected China's
to
which
effectively
representative geological relics，mountains，forests and lakes，along with the rare and 39．___________ (endanger) animal and plant species，the administration said on Friday at 40．____ news conference regarding Cultural and Natural Heritage Day，which 41．______(fall) on the second Saturday in June． In the past few years，the country
42．_____________(enhance)legal and technological support for the protection of its world natural heritage，establishing a management system with Chinese characteristics．China's world heritage has
endangered
a
falls
has enhanced
contributed to the country's socio-economic development 43．_____ presented its image to the world． These areas have also played an important role in the protection of cultural relics，intangible cultural heritage and historic cities，towns and villages, 44．_________(bring) in over 14 billion yuan in average annual tourism income for the 45．_______(local)．
and
bringing
locals
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国的世界自然遗产遗址的现状、作用以及为人们和国家的发展带来的好处。
36．to [考查介词。此处考查常用表达be home to，意为“是……的所在地”，故填to。]
37．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为14 world natural heritage sites and four mixed sites，且从句中缺少主语，故填which。]
38．effectively [考查词性转换。空处修饰后面的动词protected，需要用副词，故填effectively。]
39．endangered [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处与前面的rare并列，共同修饰空后的名词短语animal and plant species，需要用形容词，故填endangered。易错分析：需注意endanger的形容词为endangered，意为“濒危的”；而danger的形容词为dangerous，意为“危险的”，切勿弄混。]
40．a [考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰conference，表泛指，且news以辅音音素开头，故填a。]
41．falls [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在非限制性定语从句中作谓语。此处为客观事实，时态用一般现在时；which指代Cultural and Natural Heritage Day，表第三人称单数概念。故填falls。]
42．has enhanced [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。结合时间状语In the past few years可知，时态用现在完成时；主语the country为第三人称单数。故填has enhanced。]
43．and [考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的contributed to和空后的presented为并列关系。故填and。此处表示中国的世界遗产为国家的社会经济发展做出了贡献，并向世界展示了它的形象。]
44．bringing [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语，bring在句中作非谓语，此处应用动词-ing形式表示自然而然的结果，故填bringing。]
45．locals [考查名词复数。空处位于the后，应填名词。local作“当地人，本地人”讲时常用复数，故填locals。]
第三部分 写作
第一节
假定你是李华，你校英文网站将开设一个新专栏，旨在加强师生线上沟通。请你给外教詹森(Jason)写封邮件，请他帮忙指导，内容包括：
1．表达问候；
2．介绍新专栏；
3．指导内容。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jason，
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear Jason，
How are you You have always been concerned about our English learning． On behalf of my classmates, I would like to thank you．
Now we are going to open a new column on the school English website, which includes online dialogue between teachers and students, providing materials and answering questions from students． We expect it will play a good bridge role for both teachers and students．
As for the name of this new column and other details, we do hope you can give us some specific guidance．
I am looking forward to your reply．
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a child, my mother told my sister, who had a 10-inch very obvious scar (伤疤) on her arm, “Nancy, if you ignore the scar, other people will ignore it． It does not mean they will not notice it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn't matter to you．”
It never occurred to me that something like this would happen to my son years later． Sending a child off to college can certainly be stressful for concerned parents． It was in 2018 that my son went off to college． He rarely contacted us． I couldn't help asking about other aspects, which sometimes made him complain that I didn't treat him as an adult．
To be honest, my son is excellent． Some of my friends always tell me that they admire my son's characters and they hope their sons could have some of them．
Unexpectedly, it was 4 o'clock in the morning in 2020, when I received the phone call． “This is the emergency room calling and your son was just brought in with severe burns on his face, neck and arms． We have called for an aircraft and are going to fly him to the burn unit in Seattle．” Seattle was 350 miles from his college, so we knew immediately this was serious．
The doctor described the reason, which caused the burns． At 6 a.m．, my son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers in the courtyard of their apartment． When they lit the charcoal, it burst into flames because they had sprayed too much gasoline． The flames caught my son's shirt tail and shot from his waist to well over his head．
Fortunately, one of the boys who was quick-minded grasped my son and rolled him on the grass． While it saved his life, it was not in shape to save him from severe burns and the terrible scars．
After he recovered from the treatments, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery for 6 months because it takes that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
The doctors suggested he return to college with scars of severe burns temporarily．_______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
So I told him about Nancy's childhood．_____________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
The doctors suggested he return to college with scars of severe burns temporarily．Although I knew that there were going to be storms in life, it was hard for me to imagine that a handsome and sunny boy would return to his classmates with scars． I really didn't know how to comfort him． After all, the scars were on him． Not all of us could be able to turn that particular page successfully． It was at this time that I remembered what my mother said to my sister． It was those words that enabled her to overcome her psychological barriers and lead a smooth life．
So I told him about Nancy's childhood．I passed the wisdom on to my son． Realizing my complex feelings, he smiled and comforted me instead． He took my advice to heart and returned to school with his head held high． By the end of the six-month waiting period, he decided that the scars did not matter． So he made the decision to give up any plastic surgery． We all have “scars” that we believe will keep people away from us． Put your imperfections out of your mind and concentrate on what you value within yourself, and your beauty will shine through．
THANKSPeriod 7 默写背诵(SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS)
1．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
2．fake adj．假装的；假的；冒充的
3．slight adj．轻微的；略微的；细小的
4．nonverbal adj．不涉及言语的；非言语的
5．assessment n．评价；评定
6．slump vi．垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
7．tick vt．(给试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi．(钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n．钩号
8．stare n．凝视 vi．盯着看；凝视
9．distract vt．分散(注意力)；使分心
10．intervene vi．干预；介入
1．________ n．改变；转换；轮班 vi．&vt．转移；挪动；转向
2．________ adj．相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
3．________ adj．聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
4．________ vi．认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
5．________ adj．数量多的；多种多样的
6．________ vi．&vt．怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
7．________ n．介入；出面；干涉
8．________ adj．大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
9．________ adj．抽象的；理论上的 n．(文献等的)摘要
10．________ adj．最初的；开始的；第一的
11．________ n．混凝土 adj．混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
12．________ adj．优秀的；杰出的；明显的
1．severe adj．极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→________ adv．严重地；严厉地
2．infect vt．使感染；传染→________ n．感染；传染→________ adj．带菌的；被感染的
3．prove v．证明；证实→________ n．证据；证明；检验
4．pure adj．干净的；纯的；纯粹的→________ n．纯洁；纯净；纯粹
5．transform vt．使改观；使改变形态 vi．改变；转变→________ n．改观；改革
6．mechanic n．机械师；机械修理工→________ adj．机械的；发动机的；机器的
7．defend vt．保卫；防守；辩解→________ n．防御；保卫；辩护
8．assist v．帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；援助；支持→________ n．助理；助手
9．lead v．领导；引领；带路；通向；导致→leader n．领导→________ n．领导；领导地位；领导才能
10．gift n．礼物；天赋；天才→________ adj．有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
11．astronomy n．天文学→________ n．天文学家
1．________________ 最终地；彻底地
2．________________ 同意；赞同
3．________________ 应受责备
4．________________ 照料；照顾
5．________________ 死于……
6．________________ 生孩子
7．________________ 很可能做某事
8．________________ 幸亏，由于
9．________________ (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
10．________________ 主管；掌管
11．________________ 患(病)；染上(小病)
12．________________ 尤其是；最重要的是
13．________________ 追溯到
1．Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow, showed how it could be overcome．
在英国医生约翰·斯诺(向人们)展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
2．As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera．
由于没人知道如何防治霍乱，年轻的约翰·斯诺医生变得沮丧。
3．He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days．
他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。
4．Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen．
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
5．He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme．
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，他不仅受命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。
6．However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing．
然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。
学校门口在上学和放学时间经常出现交通堵塞，给全校师生和路人带来不便。为了确保学校门口正常的交通秩序，学校向全校师生征集解决交通堵塞的良策。假如你叫李华，是一名高一的学生。现在，请你用英语向校长写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．说明写信的目的；
2．分析学校门口拥堵的原因并给出建议。
注意：1．词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：交通堵塞traffic jam；不便 inconvenience
Dear headmaster，
I am Li Hua, a student from Senior One．_______________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[高分范文背诵]
Dear headmaster，
I am Li Hua, a student from Senior One． With so many parents coming to pick up their children, traffic jams are frequent near the school gate, causing much inconvenience to us and passers-by． I am writing to discuss the traffic problem near our school gate．
In order to avoid traffic congestion, I strongly recommend some effective measures be taken． First, encourage students to ride a bicycle or walk to school by themselves instead of taking a car, which will not only help reduce the jam but benefit students' health． Besides, it is also a good idea to allow Senior One students to leave school 10 minutes earlier than others, which will surely make the street less crowded．
I do hope there will be fewer traffic jams near our school gate．
Yours，
Li Hua
[片段1]
The next morning, my heart sank as I lifted the lid of the garbage can and saw Susan's carpet lying there． Hesitating only a moment, I picked it up． After giving it a light brush, I brought it into the house and put it away in the hall closet．
第二天早上，当我掀起垃圾桶盖，看到苏珊的地毯躺在那里时，我的心一沉。我只犹豫了一会儿，就把它捡了起来。轻轻刷了一下之后，我把它带进屋里，放在大厅的壁橱里。
[片段2]
I could feel blood rushing into my face and I was really eager to find a hole to hide myself in no time． Much to my surprise, Evelyn added that she thought it was cool when I talked to my parents with my hands． I breathed a sigh of relief．
我能感觉到血液涌上我的脸，我真的很想立刻找到一个洞来隐藏自己。令我惊讶的是，伊芙琳补充道，当我用手和父母交谈时，她觉得这很酷。我松了一口气。
Period 7
写作词汇
1．shift 2．contradictory 3．brilliant 4．subscribe
5．multiple 6．suspect 7．intervention 8．substantial
9．abstract 10．initial 11．concrete 12．outstanding
拓展单词
1．severely 2．infection；infected 3．proof
4．purity 5．transformation 6．mechanical
7．defence/defense 8．assistant 9．leadership
10．gifted 11．astronomer
重点短语
1．once and for all 2．subscribe to 3．be to blame 4．attend to 5．die from 6．give birth 7．be likely to do sth． 8．thanks to 9．break out 10．in charge of 11．come down with 12．above all 13．be traced back to
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