Period 1 单元词汇表(Words and Expressions)
1．________ n．生态；生态学 2．________ vt．& n．排放；释放；发布 3．trend n．____________ 4．________ vt．& vi．播送；广播；传播 n．广播节目；电视节目 5．________ vt．抓住；夺取；控制 6．________ vi．& vt．改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；变革；改良 7．________ vt．& vi．提交；呈递；屈服 8．________ adj．敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 9．________ n．(一)打；十二个 10．________ n．运动；战役 vi．& vt．参加运动；领导运动 11．________ n．政策；方针；原则 12．fine vt．________________ 1．Having fully recovered from its injury，now the bird can ________ (release) into the wild． 2．She ________(fine)$300 and banned from driving for one month． 3．Our school ________ (broadcast) an inspiring story to enhance our spirits now． 4．Because of these ________ (policy) of reform and opening up，China has taken on a new look over the past decades． 5．When he came to power，he had dozens of rules ________ (reform)． 6．My father was ill，so I ________(submit) the claim on behalf of him． 7．He said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking ________ (campaign)． 8．He said there were ________ (dozen) of economic plans in the works．
1．starve vi．& vt．(使)挨饿；饿死→________ n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死→________ adj．挨饿的 2．sustain vt．维持；遭受；承受住→________ adj．可持续的；合理利用的→________ n．持续性；可维持性 3．frequent adj．频繁的；经常发生的→________ adv．频繁地；经常→________ n．频率；频繁 4．restrict vt．限制；限定；束缚→________ n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→________ adj．受限制的；有限的 5．harmony n．协调；和睦；融洽→________ adj．和谐的 6．restore vt．恢复；使复原；修复→________ n．恢复 7．conserve vt．保护；保存→________ n．(对环境、文物等) 保护；保持→________ adj．保守的；守旧的 8．inspect vt．检查；查看；视察→________ n．检查；查看；视察→________ n．检查员；巡视员 9．tolerate vt．忍受；包容；容许→________ n．宽容；忍受→________ adj．宽容的；容忍的→________ n．容忍；忍受；宽容 1．He devoted himself to the research and ________ (frequent) went to the library to look up related information in his spare time． 2．They were threatened with ________ (starve) when flood drowned their village． 3．Make sure all the elevators undergo an annual safety ________(inspect)． 4．Understanding，love and ________ (tolerate) are the first three essentials that come to an authentic friendship． 5．This is the first time we have seen how energy is involved in the ________(conserve) process． 6．Their ________ (harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals． 7．The representatives of the conference think that the number of students in each class should be ______ (restrict) to 30． 8．With time going by，more and more countries have realized that a ________ (sustain) development is vital for human beings．
1．____________ 代表(代替)某人 2．____________ 提到；查阅；涉及；指的是 3．____________ 导致；结果是 4．____________ 执行；实施 5．____________ 许多；很多 6．____________ 实际上；在实施中 7．____________ 促成；造成(某事发生)；捐赠 1．I'm very glad to put on a performance here ____________ our school． 2．The enterprise's consultant found that she was unfit to ____________ her normal work． 3．I have learned that the exhibition consists of ____________ masterpieces painted by famous Chinese artists． 4．The effective measures ____________ the development of local economy． 5．The old tax regulations will remain ____________ until next June．
由新知联想已知
1．ecology n．生态；生态学 [联想] biology n．生物学 ecosystem n．生态系统 psychology n．心理学 technology n．技术学 2．trend n．趋势；趋向；动向 [联想] tendency n．倾向；趋势 3．carbon n．碳 [联想] carbon dioxide二氧化碳 oxygen n．氧气 methane n．甲烷；沼气 hydrogen n．氢气 4．annual adj．每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鉴 [联想] monthly adj．每月的 n．月刊 yearly adj．每年的，年度的 n．年鉴 daily adj．日常的；每日的 n．日报 5．garbage n．垃圾；废物 [联想] waste n．垃圾 rubbish n．垃圾；废弃物 litter n．废弃物，垃圾 trash n．废物；垃圾
第一篇课文(Reading and Thinking)
①melt vi．& vt．(使)融化；熔化；软化
②dramatic adj．戏剧的；急剧的
③starve vi．& vt．(使)挨饿；饿死
④seal n．海豹
⑤have an impact on对于……有影响
⑥ecology n．生态；生态学
⑦mention vt．提到；谈到；提及；论及；说起
⑧refer to提到；查阅；涉及；指的是
⑨release vt．& n．排放；释放；发布
release sth．into sth．把某物排放到某物中
⑩carbon n．碳
carbon dioxide二氧化碳
habitable adj．适合居住的
sustain vt．维持；遭受；承受住
sustainable adj．可持续的；合理利用的
fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行
fossil fuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)
be trapped in陷入困境……；被困于……
comprehensive adj．全部的；所有的；详尽的
take appropriate actions采取适当的行动
trend n．趋势；趋向；动向
frequently adv．频繁地；经常
broadcast vt．& vi．(broadcast，
broadcast)播送；广播；传播n．广播节目；电视节目
result in导致；结果是
policy n．政策；方针；原则
make policies制定政策、方针
individual n．个人；个体
restrict vt．限制；限定；束缚
seize vt．抓住；夺取；控制
issue n．问题
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION
We have known about climate change for decades．There is little doubt that[1] Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting① ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic② change in the global climate．
[1]There is little doubt that．．．意为“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句。
In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard．According to the scientists who found its dead body[2]，all that remained of the polar bear[3] was “skin and bones”．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved③ and died．Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change[4] meant the bear could not hunt seals④ as before[5]，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food．This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on⑤ Earth's ecology⑥．
[2]“who found its dead body”为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the scientists。
[3]“that remained of the polar bear”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all。
[4]“that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change”为that引导的宾语从句，作动词claimed的宾语。
[5]“the bear could not hunt seals as before”是省略了that的宾语从句，作动词meant的宾语。
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention⑦ a key climate process called the“greenhouse effect”[6]，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect[7]．The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to⑧ the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation[8]．The heat is released⑨ back into space at longer wave lengths．Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon⑩ dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable ．Without this process，Earth could not sustain life．However，the“man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels ，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly．
[6]“called the‘greenhouse effect’”为过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词process。
[7]“which has two common meanings．．．greenhouse effect”是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the “greenhouse effect”。
[8]“that heat from the sun．．．short-wave radiation”是that引导的同位语从句，作名词the fact的同位语。
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide[9]，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives[10]．Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions ，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay．In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses．
[9]“that the rise in temperature．．．natural disasters worldwide”是that引导的同位语从句，作名词evidence的同位语。
[10]not only．．．but also．．．连接两个并列的动词-ing形式作结果状语。
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate．This requires the attention of people all over the world．Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions．We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint ” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts[11], because this is the most serious issue [12] affecting all of us[13]on this planet．So what will you do to help
[11]“It is our responsibility to seize．．．impacts”中it作形式主语，动词不定式“to seize every opportunity．．．”为真正的主语。
[12]because引导原因状语从句。
[13]“affecting all of us”是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语。
气候变化需要全世界的关注
我们几十年前就知道气候变化了。毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。海洋和大气的变暖以及冰川的融化和海平面的上升为全球气候的急剧变化提供了证据。
2013年，挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现了一只北极熊的尸体，这张照片让很多人感到震惊。根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊只剩下了“皮包骨”。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从它尸体的姿态看，这只熊似乎是饿死了。专家称，由于气候变化造成的海冰水位较低，这意味着这只熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹，所以为了找到食物它不得不长途跋涉。这一令人震惊的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了怎样的影响。
那么是什么导致了全球平均表面温度的上升呢？气候科学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。自然温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面温度升高。热量以更长的波长释放回太空。大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，会捕获一些热量，使地球气候保持温暖并适宜居住。没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。然而，“人为”的温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。
有充分和全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，这不仅造成严重的破坏，而且还造成人员伤亡。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖的趋势可能会继续下去，并将付出更高的代价。事实上，新闻报道经常报道造成死亡和经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。
持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期的变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育每个人，使他们了解全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人的最严重的问题。那么你会怎么做呢？
Period 1
速记·重点词汇——牢记词形和词义
1．ecology 2．release 3．趋势；趋向；动向
4．broadcast 5．seize 6．reform 7．submit
8．sensitive 9．dozen 10．campaign 11．policy 12．对……处以罚款
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．be released 2．was fined 3．is broadcasting 4．policies 5．reformed 6．submitted
7．campaigns 8．dozens
速记·派生词汇——牢记词形和词义
1．starvation；starving 2．sustainable；
sustainability 3．frequently；frequency
4．restriction；restricted 5．harmonious
6．restoration 7．conservation；conservative
8．inspection；inspector 9．toleration；tolerant；tolerance
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．frequently 2．starvation 3．inspection
4．tolerance 5．conservation 6．harmonious
7．restricted 8．sustainable
速记·重点短语——记牢搭配和意义
1．on behalf of 2．refer to 3．result in 4．carry out 5．dozens of 6．in effect 7．contribute to
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．on behalf of 2．carry out 3．dozens of
4．contribute to 5．in effect
1 / 9(共33张PPT)
Period 1
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION主题语境
人与自然——自然环境保护
1．_______ n．生态；生态学
2．_______ vt．& n．排放；释放；发布
3．trend n．_________________
4．_________ vt．& vi．播送；广播；传播 n．广播节目；电视节目
5．_____ vt．抓住；夺取；控制
课时练案 单元词汇表(Words and Expressions)
ecology
release
趋势；趋向；动向
broadcast
seize
6．______ vi．& vt．改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；变革；改良
7．______ vt．& vi．提交；呈递；屈服
8．_________ adj．敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
9．______ n．(一)打；十二个
10．_________ n．运动；战役 vi．& vt．参加运动；领导运动
11．______ n．政策；方针；原则
12．fine vt．_______________
reform
submit
sensitive
dozen
campaign
policy
对……处以罚款
1．Having fully recovered from its injury，now the bird can _________
(release) into the wild．
2．She __________(fine) $ 300 and banned from driving for one month．
3．Our school ______________ (broadcast) an inspiring story to enhance our spirits now．
4．Because of these ________ (policy) of reform and opening up，China has taken on a new look over the past decades．
be released
was fined
is broadcasting
policies
5．When he came to power，he had dozens of rules __________ (reform)．
6．My father was ill，so I _________(submit) the claim on behalf of him．
7．He said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking _________ (campaign)．
8．He said there were ______ (dozen) of economic plans in the works．
reformed
submitted
campaigns
dozens
1．starve vi．& vt．(使)挨饿；饿死→__________ n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死→________ adj．挨饿的
2．sustain vt．维持；遭受；承受住→___________ adj．可持续的；合理利用的→______________ n．持续性；可维持性
3．frequent adj．频繁的；经常发生的→__________ adv．频繁地；经常→_________ n．频率；频繁
4．restrict vt．限制；限定；束缚→___________ n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→__________ adj．受限制的；有限的
starvation
starving
sustainable
sustainability
frequently
frequency
restriction
restricted
5．harmony n．协调；和睦；融洽→__________ adj．和谐的
6．restore vt．恢复；使复原；修复→___________ n．恢复
7．conserve vt．保护；保存→____________ n．(对环境、文物等) 保护；保持→____________ adj．保守的；守旧的
8．inspect vt．检查；查看；视察→__________ n．检查；查看；视察→_________ n．检查员；巡视员
9．tolerate vt．忍受；包容；容许→__________ n．宽容；忍受→________ adj．宽容的；容忍的→_________ n．容忍；忍受；宽容
harmonious
restoration
conservation
conservative
inspection
inspector
toleration
tolerant
tolerance
1．He devoted himself to the research and __________ (frequent) went to the library to look up related information in his spare time．
2．They were threatened with __________ (starve) when flood drowned their village．
3．Make sure all the elevators undergo an annual safety __________
(inspect)．
4．Understanding，love and _________ (tolerate) are the first three essentials that come to an authentic friendship．
frequently
starvation
inspection
tolerance
5．This is the first time we have seen how energy is involved in the ____________(conserve) process．
6．Their __________ (harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals．
7．The representatives of the conference think that the number of students in each class should be __________ (restrict) to 30．
8．With time going by，more and more countries have realized that a ___________ (sustain) development is vital for human beings．
conservation
harmonious
restricted
sustainable
1．___________ 代表(代替)某人
2．_______ 提到；查阅；涉及；指的是
3．________ 导致；结果是
4．_________ 执行；实施
5．_________ 许多；很多
6．________ 实际上；在实施中
7．____________ 促成；造成(某事发生)；捐赠
on behalf of
refer to
result in
carry out
dozens of
in effect
contribute to
1．I'm very glad to put on a performance here ______________ our school．
2．The enterprise's consultant found that she was unfit to __________ her normal work．
3．I have learned that the exhibition consists of __________ masterpieces painted by famous Chinese artists．
4．The effective measures ______________ the development of local economy．
5．The old tax regulations will remain __________ until next June．
on behalf of
carry out
dozens of
contribute to
in effect
1．ecology n．生态；生态学
[联想] biology n．生物学
ecosystem n．生态系统
psychology n．心理学
technology n．技术学
2．trend n．趋势；趋向；动向
[联想] tendency n．倾向；趋势
词汇联想 由新知联想已知
3．carbon n．碳
[联想] carbon dioxide二氧化碳
oxygen n．氧气
methane n．甲烷；沼气
hydrogen n．氢气
4．annual adj．每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鉴
[联想] monthly adj．每月的 n．月刊
yearly adj．每年的，年度的 n．年鉴
daily adj．日常的；每日的 n．日报
5．garbage n．垃圾；废物
[联想] waste n．垃圾
rubbish n．垃圾；废弃物
litter n．废弃物，垃圾
trash n．废物；垃圾
①melt vi．& vt．(使)融化；熔化；软化
②dramatic adj．戏剧的；急剧的
③starve vi．& vt．(使)挨饿；饿死
④seal n．海豹
⑤have an impact on 对于……有影响
课下预习 第一篇课文(Reading and Thinking)
⑥ecology n．生态；生态学
⑦mention vt．提到；谈到；提及；论及；说起
⑧refer to 提到；查阅；涉及；指的是
⑨release vt．& n．排放；释放；发布
release sth．into sth．把某物排放到某物中
⑩carbon n．碳
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
habitable adj．适合居住的
sustain vt．维持；遭受；承受住
sustainable adj．可持续的；合理利用的
fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行
fossil fuel 化石燃料(如煤或石油)
be trapped in 陷入困境……；被困于……
comprehensive adj．全部的；所有的；详尽的
take appropriate actions 采取适当的行动
trend n．趋势；趋向；动向
frequently adv．频繁地；经常
broadcast vt．& vi．(broadcast，broadcast)播送；广播；传播n．广播节目；电视节目
result in 导致；结果是
policy n．政策；方针；原则
make policies 制定政策、方针
individual n．个人；个体
restrict vt．限制；限定；束缚
seize vt．抓住；夺取；控制
issue n．问题
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION
We have known about climate change for decades．There is little doubt that[1] Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting① ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic② change in the global climate．
[1]There is little doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句。
In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard．According to the scientists who found its dead body[2]，all that remained of the polar bear[3] was “skin and bones”．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved③ and died．Experts
claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change[4] meant the bear could not hunt seals④ as before[5]，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food．This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on⑤ Earth's ecology⑥．
[2]“who found its dead body”为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the scientists。
[3]“that remained of the polar bear”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all。
[4]“that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change”为that引导的宾语从句，作动词claimed的宾语。
[5]“the bear could not hunt seals as before”是省略了that的宾语从句，作动词meant的宾语。
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention⑦ a key climate process called the“greenhouse effect”[6]，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect[7]．The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to⑧ the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation[8]．The heat is released⑨ back into space at longer wave lengths．Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon⑩ dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earth's climate
warm and habitable ．Without this process，Earth could not sustain life．However，the“man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels ，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly．
[6]“called the‘greenhouse effect’”为过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词process。
[7]“which has two common meanings...greenhouse effect”是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the “greenhouse effect”。
[8]“that heat from the sun...short-wave radiation”是that引导的同位语从句，作名词the fact的同位语。
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide[9]，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives[10]．Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions ，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay．In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses．
[9]“that the rise in temperature...natural disasters worldwide”是that引导的同位语从句，作名词evidence的同位语。
[10]not only...but also...连接两个并列的动词-ing形式作结果状语。
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate．This requires the attention of people all over the world．Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions．We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint ” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts[11], because this is the most serious issue [12] affecting all of us[13]on this planet．So what will you do to help
[11]“It is our responsibility to seize...impacts”中it作形式主语，动词不定式“to seize every opportunity...”为真正的主语。
[12]because引导原因状语从句。
[13]“affecting all of us”是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语。
气候变化需要全世界的关注
我们了解气候变化已有数十年了。毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。海洋、大气的变暖以及冰川的融化、海平面的上升为全球气候的急剧变化提供了证据。
2013年，在挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现了一具北极熊的尸体的新闻照片让很多人感到震惊。根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊只剩下了“皮包骨”。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从它尸体的姿态看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。专家称，由于气候变化造成的海冰水位较低，这意味着这只熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹，所以为了找到食物它不得不长途跋涉。这一令人震惊的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。
那么是什么导致了全球平均表面温度的上升呢？气候科学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。自然温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面温度升高。热量以更长的波长释放回太空。大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，会捕获一些热量，使地球气候保持温暖并适宜居住。没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。然而，“人为”的温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。
有充分和全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，这不仅造成严重的破坏，而且还造成人员伤亡。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖的趋势可能会继续下去，我们将付出更高的代价。事实上，新闻报道经常报道造成死亡和经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。
持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期的变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育每个人，使他们了解全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人的最严重的问题。那么你会怎么做呢？
THANKS
