浙江省宁波市余姚中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
一、听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024高一上·余姚期中）What is the woman's suggestion for the man
A．Find someone to replace him.
B．Take a break now.
C．Wait for Ben.
2．（2024高一上·余姚期中）What does the woman mean
A．She will pass the man some sugar.
B．The man shouldn't have more sugar.
C．She will make some coffee for the man.
3．（2024高一上·余姚期中）When will the speakers have ice cream
A．After playing some games.
B．Before Harold opens his presents.
C．After Harold opens his presents.
4．（2024高一上·余姚期中）Why is Tracy so happy
A．She has received her favorite journal.
B．She has won a prize for her research.
C．She has got her article published.
5．（2024高一上·余姚期中）What are the speakers talking about
A．An interesting film.
B．Some history books.
C．Their activities last night.
二、听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Where does the woman want to go
A．The library. B．The movie theater. C．The man's house.
7．What is the man like
A．Indifferent. B．Warm-hearted. C．Humorous.
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What's the man doing
A．Applying for a job. B．Asking for help. C．Showing the way.
9．What level does the man mostly teach
A．All levels. B．Beginners. C．Advanced.
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Where does the conversation take place
A．In a net bar.
B．At the woman's office.
C．At the man's apartment.
11．How much did the woman pay for her hard drive
A．$200. B．$300. C．$350.
12．What do the speakers agree with
A．Hard drives are more expensive.
B．Technology keeps improving.
C．People depend too much on computers.
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What does Nathan have to write down first
A．His family history.
B．His educational background.
C．His personal information.
14．Why does Nathan say he is in trouble
A．He got fired from his last job.
B．He has never had a real job before.
C．He has never filled out an application before.
15．Who might Mr. Nelson be
A．A teacher. B．Nathan's neighbor. C．Jenny's father.
16．What can we learn about Nathan
A．He went to college in 2010.
B．He used to walk his neighbor's dog.
C．He is still a high school student.
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What does the dragon traditionally symbolize in China
A．Evil. B．Intelligence. C．Fire.
18．Where did the legend of the dragon originate
A．The Middle East. B．Southeast Asia. C．Western Europe.
19．Why did people use to believe in dragons
A．Because of the Bible.
B．Because they really existed.
C．Because of the presence of dinosaur bones.
20．What is a feature of the Russian dragon
A．It has no legs. B．It has two wings. C．It has three heads.
三、阅读理解A
（2024高一上·余姚期中）Hidden London: the Exhibition
Visit an "abandoned" Tube station underworld and discover what secrets are hidden beneath our busy streets in our new Hidden London exhibition at London Transport Museum!
Hidden London: the Exhibition takes you on a journey of some of London's most secret spaces in the world's oldest underground system. These "forgotten" parts of the Tube network have incredible stories to tell about Britain's wartime past.
You can enjoy the largest number of rare photos and objects from disused stations that have been brought together in one location.
Discover stories about how Churchill took shelter at the height of the Blitz deep underground at Down Street station. See how shelterers lived down at Clapham South station, where they slept and how they kept entertained.
You can also explore other locations that we have recreated in our Global Gallery, including the historic abandoned ticket hall at Aldwych station with an original 1930s ticket office.
The exhibition uncovers why these "lost" parts of the underground network exist. Changes in population, economic priorities and political pressures have all led to spaces being abandoned. But they rarely stay that way. While some sections of the Tube system lie "forgotten", many have been repurposed for new activities and are used for special Hidden London tours, growing salad leaves, and for filming locations, including Charing Cross, which featured in Skyfall (2012).
Admission Charges:
Child Ticket: FREE
Adult Ticket: 16.50 per ticket
Reduced Ticket: 15.50 per ticket
Reduced price applies to senior citizens (60+) and visitors with disabilities.
Opening Times:
Every day: 10:00-18:00
Last entry: 17:00
Address: 39 Wellington Street, Covent Garden, London
21．What can visitors do at the exhibition
A．Admire a collection of photos. B．Buy tickets in a deserted hall.
C．Grow vegetables underground. D．Live a sheltered life in war time.
22．Which station was used as a film set
A．Aldwych. B．Down Street.
C．Charing Cross. D．Clapham South.
23．How much should a kid with grandparents both aged 57 pay for the admission
A． 31 B． 33 C． 46.5 D． 49.5
四、B
（2024高一上·余姚期中）I was scared when a loud noise in my apartment woke me in the middle of the night. I rushed to turn on my bedroom light and discovered it was a cat.
Here's the thing — I do not have a cat. And this was not the first time this particular cat had demanded my attention.
I immediately calmed down and realized my error — I had left a window open. I approached to entertain my house-guest by giving her some treats and a scratch under her collar (颈圈).
Like so many others, I shifted from working in an office to working from home. Living alone can be isolating at the best of times. It was around the one-month mark of the lockdown when I heard a meow outside my window. Sitting outside on the grass was a long-haired, golden-colored cat. I opened the window, and this beautiful cat jumped into my home. Her short visit brightened my day.
A few days later, I heard a familiar meow. I saw a name tag on her collar: Mika. On this second visit, I also noticed Mika was cross-eyed, which only made her more lovely.
Over the next few weeks, Mika would stop by occasionally. Sometimes, she only stayed for a few minutes; other times, she would wander around my apartment much longer. Each visit brightened me. Mika even helped me connect with some new neighbors, who asked if Mika was my cat. Apparently, Mika visited them as well.
While the lockdown has been awful, I suspect I might not have ever met Mika if it had not happened. But perhaps she came by at this time because she sensed a need for connection on my part.
While dogs are said to be man's best friend, a good cat can be everyone's best friend.
24．What do we know about the cat from the first three paragraphs
A．She used to go out at night.
B．She entered through the window.
C．She annoyed the neighbors badly.
D．She liked the author's treats particularly.
25．How did the author probably feel during the lockdown
A．Lonely. B．Mad. C．Heart-broken. D．Absent-minded.
26．What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 7 refer to
A．The open window. B．The lockdown.
C．A need for connection. D．A stay with new neighbors.
27．What does the author want to express through the text
A．He lives an unusual life.
B．He longs for a harmonious society.
C．Keeping cats is rewarding.
D．Befriending nice cats is worthwhile.
五、C
（2024高一上·余姚期中）If you could travel in time, where would you go Perhaps you would watch a performance of a Shakespeare's play in Elizabethan England What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period Or maybe you'd voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.
The possibility of time travel is indeed attractive. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best-known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine, written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895. It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally referred to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
But could time travel actually be possible Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called "wormholes", which could be used as shortcuts to other periods. Einstein's theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme conditions. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship, going at nearly the speed of light. Though building such a spaceship wouldn't of course be simple.
Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the "grandfather paradox". It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn't born, how would he travel back in time
And would you really like to visit the future In H. G. Wells' book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles.
If that's what's in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
28．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The Time Machine is one of the bestselling science fiction novels.
B．There are films, comic books and dramas adapted from the novel The Time Machine.
C．Works of Literature about time travel first appeared one hundred years ago.
D．It was H.G. Wells who invented the term "time machine".
29．Einstein's and Hawking's theories________.
A．suggest the possibility of time travel
B．have been proved wrong by some time travelers
C．have similarities because both are based on experiments
D．have pushed the invention of the first spaceship
30．In Paragraph 4, "grandfather paradox" probably refers to the idea that________.
A．the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness
B．the grandfather's death makes the traveler's birth impossible
C．the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather
D．the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather
31．According to the passage what is probably the author's attitude towards time travel
A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
六、D
（2024高一上·余姚期中）New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease. The study is the first to analyze circadian blood pressure rhythms (节奏) in female mice.
The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day. In most healthy humans, blood pressure dips (下降) at night. People who do not experience this temporary drop, called "non-dippers", are more likely to develop heart disease. The circadian clock is made up of four main proteins (encoded by "clock genes") that regulate close to half of all genes in the body, including those important for blood pressure regulation.
Previous research has shown that male mice that are missing one of the four clock genes (PER1) become non-dippers and have a higher risk for heart and kidney disease. A research team studied the circadian response and blood pressure of female mice that lack PER1 and compared them with a healthy female control group. On both low-and high-salt diets, both groups "retained an apparent circadian rhythm" of blood pressure, the researchers explained. Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight.
These results suggest that the lack of PER1 acts differently in males and females. The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age. "This study represents an important step in understanding sex differences in the regulation of cardiovascular (心血管) function by the circadian clock," the researchers wrote.
32．What does the new research find
A．Biological clock may protect males from heart disease.
B．Biological blood pressure rhythms in female mice acts normally.
C．Biological clock organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period.
D．A gene controlling biological clock works differently between sexes.
33．What role can circadian clock play according to the text
A．Helping males cure heart disease.
B．Helping blood pressure vary normally.
C．Contributing to abnormal variations in blood pressure.
D．Making up four main proteins regulating almost half of all genes.
34．Which word can best replace the underlined word "retained" in paragraph 3
A．treated. B．warned. C．kept. D．watched.
35．What would be a suitable title for the text
A．One clock gene is important
B．Women may benefit from body clock
C．New study analyzes blood pressure rhythms
D．Blood pressure of healthy humans dips at night
七、E
（2024高一上·余姚期中）Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital's ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.
But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this As one of out closest relatives, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.
Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.
Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy's research was very naturalistic. "We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees' outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.
In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.
"It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn't benefit themselves from their behavior." said DeTroy.
Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it's safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.
36．Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors
A．Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.
B．Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.
C．Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.
D．Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math's class.
37．What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study
A．Sharing food. B．Making a choice.
C．Comforting others. D．Showing sympathy.
38．How is DeTroy's study different from the previous ones
A．It was based on controlled lab experiment.
B．It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.
C．It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.
D．It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.
39．What can we learn from DeTroy's quotes
A．Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.
B．Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.
C．Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.
D．Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.
八、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
40．（2024高一上·余姚期中）Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine.
Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines. We will consider things from new and different perspectives.
It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health. Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health. For example, trying a new sport or exercise routine can increase our flexibility and strength. Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives. . When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we· meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives. Building new relationships can provide us with a sense of belonging.
Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different. Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps. And be very specific about the goal. For example, instead of aiming to work on arm strength, make a goal of doing twenty arm curls (弯曲) a day. In addition, be realistic and make sure the goal s practicable in terms of finances and free time.
While it is easy to get caught up in the daily tiring activities of life, always keep in mind that doing something new can be the best thing we can do for ourselves. So we'd better make the wise choice.
A. However, it is also good for our body.
B. It can help us expand our social connections.
C. Luckily there are practical tips to make a change.
D. New experiences are critical for overcoming fears.
E. Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking.
F. Every new experience contributes to our personal growth.
G. And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing.
九、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）Amy is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission. A doll 41． since childhood, she has created A Doll Like Me.
The aim of this 42． is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 43． conditions. Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and 44． . To do so, Amy goes out of her way to make each doll 45． the child. Each doll is unique, 46． they still have one thing in common — all dolls wear a smile. Not only beautiful, the dolls make a 47． in the lives of hundreds of children.
"Typically, parents pay for the dolls — about $ 100 with shipping per doll. When they can't afford it, I'll find a way to 48． it myself. Whatever it costs, whatever I have to do, I'm going to get a doll in the 49． of these children. "
A Doll Like Me has provided over 300 dolls so far which have been 50． to children all around the world. Amy's 51． goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll 52． .
And many people are responding 53． to her mission, as she has already reached $ 38,000 out of $50, 000 goal on GoFund. me. Amy is already cooperating with a children's 54． to make it easier to identify kids whose well-being could be 55． by a stuffed toy which looks just like them!
41．A．designer B．creator C．collector D．trader
42．A．project B．idea C．research D．technology
43．A．rare B．good C．ripe D．extreme
44．A．tired B．available C．powerful D．included
45．A．work with B．look like C．accept D．recognize
46．A．yet B．so C．because D．or
47．A．wish B．deal C．plan D．difference
48．A．win B．cover C．sell D．use
49．A．friends B．eyes C．hands D．dreams
50．A．awarded B．shipped C．returned D．mentioned
51．A．open B．common C．final D．commercial
52．A．in person B．for fun C．free of charge D．full of hope
53．A．calmly B．honestly C．politely D．kindly
54．A．school B．toyshop C．shelter D．hospital
55．A．sponsored B．improved C．guaranteed D．supported
十、第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024高一上·余姚期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Shadow puppetry (皮影戏), also called shadow play, got 56． (it) start thousands of years ago in China and India. This unique form of storytelling is the 57． (old) type of puppetry in the world .
Shadow puppets are figures that 58． (place) between a light and a screen. Moving them creates the illusion (假象) of moving pictures on the screen. 59． experienced puppeteer can make figures appear to walk, talk, fight and dance.
China, India, Indonesia and Turkey have been very important in the 60． (develop) of this art form over time. The types of stories 61． (tell) with shadow puppetry vary from country to country.
For example, in China, shadow plays are usually based on Chinese folk tales.
Traditional Chinese shadow puppets are made out of animal skin. Today, you might see different kinds of shadow puppets, many of 62． also contain paper, plastic, wood or cloth. There's really no end to how creative puppeteers can be when 63． (make) their puppets.
Shadow puppets are usually constructed from separate 64． (piece) that are then put together with strings or wires. The strings or wires are usually attached 65． long sticks that the puppeteer will use to control the movement of the puppet.
十一、根据首字母提示填空，每空一词。
66．（2024高一上·余姚期中）In that special year, all the doctors fought against the virus with great courage and d .(根据首字母单词拼写)
67．（2024高一上·余姚期中）As a matter of fact, I have never thought of myself as a f even though my studies seem to make no progress. (根据首字母单词拼写)
68．（2024高一上·余姚期中）Why am I still coughing after q smoking (根据首字母单词拼写)
69．（2024高一上·余姚期中）After a long journey, I have hardly enough s left to move my feet. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70．（2024高一上·余姚期中）It's not only a great r but also a great honor to hold the Olympic Games. (根据首字母单词拼写)
71．（2024高一上·余姚期中）He was the only s of the car accident that happened last night. (根据首字母单词拼写)
72．（2024高一上·余姚期中）In order to remove her a about the exam, the teacher advised her to listen to some soft music.(根据首字母单词拼写)
73．（2024高一上·余姚期中）In today's highly c job market, it's important to have a strong skill set if you want to stand out. (根据首字母单词拼写)
74．（2024高一上·余姚期中）The government and related departments should find a suitable s to the problem. (根据首字母单词拼写)
75．（2024高一上·余姚期中）Yesterday, we had an exciting a exploring the abandoned cave nearby. (根据首字母单词拼写)
十二、根据中文提示和括号中的要求，在横线上填上恰当的短语或句子，使句意完整。
76．（2024高一上·余姚期中）一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。
Once I started thinking about fitness , things began to change.
77．（2024高一上·余姚期中）指导老师建议我报名参加高级文学课。
My adviser recommended that advanced literature.
78．（2024高一上·余姚期中）花费太多时间上网不健康，也让人难以把精力集中在生活的其他事物上。
Spending too much time on line is unhealthy and makes other things in life.
79．（2024高一上·余姚期中）尤其令人称奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。
(倒装句) the Incas' dry stone method of building.
80．（2024高一上·余姚期中）部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众挖出来，并掩埋了死者。
The army sent 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those (定语从句) and to bury the dead.
十三、第六部分 书面表达(共1小题，满分15分)
81．（2024高一上·余姚期中）假设你是李华，某国际学校学生会主席，你校将于下周五举行主题为 "Living Legends in My Heart"的英语演讲比赛，请你以学生会的名义写一则书面通知。
内容要点：1. 比赛的时间，地点；
2.参赛要求；
3.报名方式。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；2. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
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答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: I'm going to take my lunch break right now.
W: You'd better not. Ben just left for his break, and someone needs to stay here until he gets back.
【分析】问题：女士对男士有什么建议？根据"Ben just left for his break, and someone needs to stay here until he gets back."Ben刚刚离开去休息，需要有人留在这里，直到他回来。可知她建议男士等Ben回来，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: Can you pass me the sugar, please
W: Don't you think you've had enough sugar in your coffee this morning
【分析】问题：女士是什么意思？根据"Can you pass me the sugar, please "你能把糖递给我吗？；以及"Don't you think you've had enough sugar in your coffee this morning "你不觉得你今天早上的咖啡里加的糖够多了吗？可推知女士认为男士不应该再吃糖。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: Happy Birthday, Harold! Come here and blow out the candles, and then we can have cake and ice cream.
M: But I want to open my presents first.
W: No, honey. We're going to do this now, OK We can open presents after we play some games a little later.
【分析】问题：谈话人什么时候吃冰淇淋？根据" But I want to open my presents first."但我想先打开礼物。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: Tracy, you look very happy. Did you win a prize
W: More than that! I've just received the new issue of the journal, and you know, my article is in it.
M: Oh, great. It must be the article on classroom research, I guess. Congratulations!
【分析】问题： Tracy 为什么这么高兴？根据"I've just received the new issue of the journal, and you know, my article is in it."我刚收到新一期的杂志，你知道，我的文章在里面。可知她高兴是因为她的文章发表了。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: What did you do last night
W: I went to the library to borrow some books on history. What about you
M: I stayed at home and watched films for the entire night.
【分析】问题：谈话人在谈论什么？根据"What did you do last night "你昨晚做了什么？；" I went to the library to borrow some books on history. What about you "我去图书馆借了一些历史书。那你呢？；以及"I stayed at home and watched films for the entire night."我整晚都呆在家里看电影。可知他们在交谈昨晚各自做的事情，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Are you looking for something
W: I'm trying to find the library.
M: I can help you find it if you want.
W: I would like that.
M: Do you know where the movie theater is
W: Yeah, I know where that is.
M: You'll find the library right around the corner.
W: Are you serious
M: Yes, you can't miss it.
W: I know exactly where it is now.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题：女士想去哪里？根据"I'm trying to find the library."我在找图书馆。可知她想去图书馆，故选A。
7．问题：男士是什么样的人？根据" I can help you find it if you want."如果你愿意，我可以帮你找到它。可推知他是一个热心人，故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Good afternoon. Are you the director of the ski school
W: Yes, that's right.
M: Hi, I'm Craig Johnson.
W: Hi, Craig. What can I do for you
M: I'd like to apply for the ski instructor job.
W: Okay, good. Please take a seat.
M: Thanks.
W: So tell me, Craig, what levels do you teach
M: All levels, but mostly beginners.
W: Okay. And how long have you been teaching skiing
M: This will be my second winter teaching.
W: Hmm… Well, Craig, the workday starts at five in the morning. There's a lot of work to do before classes start. Is that a problem for you
M: No, that's fine.
W: Do you live near here
M: Yes, I'm just three kilometers away.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：男士在干什么？根据"I'd like to apply for the ski instructor job."我想申请滑雪教练的工作。故选A。
9．问题：男士主要教什么级别？根据"All levels, but mostly beginners."所有级别，但主要是初学者。可知他主要教初学者，故选B。
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Wow, your place is messy. Why don't you clean up a bit
M: Yeah, I will. I've just been spending all my time at the office lately. Anyway, let me show you that video I edited on Thursday. It's on my laptop.
W: Hey, what's this
M: That's my new hard drive. I just ordered it on Wednesday and it was delivered here on Friday. It's got about ten times as much storage as my computer.
W: Wow, why do you need so much
M: I do a lot of shooting with my HD video camera. All that takes up a lot of disk space. Anyway, this hard drive was only 300 dollars.
W: Really That's pretty cheap. Just three years ago, I bought a pretty small hard drive, and it cost 200 dollars.
M: Well, that's technology for you. I remember the first hard drive I ever bought. I think it was about seven years ago. It cost 350 dollars at the time and it didn't have very much storage at all. And it was really huge and heavy.
W: It's amazing. All these things we buy today seem so old after just a few years.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
10．问题：对话在哪里进行？根据" your place is messy. Why don't you clean up a bit "你的地方很乱。你为什么不清理一下呢？；以及"Yeah, I will. I've just been spending all my time at the office lately."是的，我会的。我最近一直把所有的时间都花在办公室里。可推知他们在男士的住所，故选C。
11．问题：女士花了多少钱买硬盘？根据"Just three years ago, I bought a pretty small hard drive, and it cost 200 dollars." 就在三年前，我买了一个相当小的硬盘，花了 200 美元。 故选A。
12．问题：谈话人同意什么？根据"Well, that's technology for you. I remember the first hard drive I ever bought. I think it was about seven years ago. It cost 350 dollars at the time and it didn't have very much storage at all. And it was really huge and heavy."好吧，这就是你的技术。我记得我买的第一个硬盘。我想那是大约七年前的事了。当时它的价格是350美元，而且它根本没有太多的存储空间。而且它真的又大又重；以及"It's amazing. All these things we buy today seem so old after just a few years."太神奇了。我们今天买的这些东西在几年后就显得很旧了。可知他们认为技术不断进步。故选B。
【答案】13．C
14．B
15．A
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Can you help me fill out this form, Jenny
W: Sure. What's it for, Nathan
M: I'm applying for a job at the DVD store down the street. This is the first time that I've had to fill out a form like this.
W: Well, the first thing to write down is your personal information at the top.
M: OK, that's pretty easy. What about this section here
W: You should write down your high school's information first, since that is the most recent. And remember to put down "2010 — Present" since you're still going there.
M: What about my middle school and elementary school
W: You could put down your middle school, but I don't think you need to go all the way back to fifth grade for this job application!
M: Ha-ha, OK! Uh-oh…"Previous Job Experience". I'm in trouble now.
W: Don't worry. Remember when you used to watch the neighbor's kids on the weekends You can put that down.
M: Oh, really Cool! Now, the last section… Can I put you down as a personal reference
W: I'd be happy to do that, but I think they will want someone older than you, like a teacher or a parent… Why don't you ask Mr. Nelson You were his favorite student.
M: Good idea.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
13．问题：内森首先要写什么？根据"the first thing to write down is your personal information at the top."首先，要在顶部写下你的个人信息。故选C。
14．问题：为什么 Nathan 说他有麻烦了？根据"‘Previous Job Experience'. I'm in trouble now.""以前的工作经验"。我现在有麻烦了。可知他以前从未有过真正的工作。故选B。
15．问题： Nelson 先生可能是谁？根据"Why don't you ask Mr. Nelson You were his favorite student."你为什么不问 Nelson 先生？你是他最喜欢的学生。可推知 Nelson 先生是一名教师，顾旭A。
16．问题：我们能从 Nathan 身上知道什么？根据"You should write down your high school's information first, since that is the most recent."你应该先写下你高中的信息，因为这是最新的。可推知他还是一名高中生。故选C。
【答案】17．B
18．A
19．C
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【原文】Did you know that dragons have been popular legends in both Europe and Asia for over 3000 years There is a mention of a dragon in the Bible, but it is associated with evil and considered to be the devil. On the other hand, in China, the dragon is still a symbol of intelligence and power. But the image of the dragon in the East and West was influenced by hundreds of years of contact between Asia and Europe, and dragons came to have some similarities. It is believed that dragons were first imagined in the ancient Middle East.
In fact, there used to be a time when people even believed that they really existed. People used to think that dinosaur bones were dragon bones. It is not clear when people began to think that dragons could breathe fire, but both European and Asia dragons have been painted as having that capability. The Chinese dragon does not have legs or wings like the European dragon. The Russian dragon is often shown as having three heads. Dragons are still quite popular and can be seen in many movies and television programs.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：龙在中国传统上象征着什么？根据"On the other hand, in China, the dragon is still a symbol of intelligence and power."另一方面，在中国，龙仍然是智慧和力量的象征。故选B。
18．问题：龙的传说起源于哪里？根据" It is believed that dragons were first imagined in the ancient Middle East."据信，龙最早是在古代中东被想象出来的。故选A。
19．问题：为什么人们过去相信龙？根据"In fact, there used to be a time when people even believed that they really existed. People used to think that dinosaur bones were dragon bones."事实上，曾经有一段时间，人们甚至相信他们真的存在。人们过去认为恐龙的骨头是龙骨。故选C。
20．问题：俄罗斯龙有什么特点？根据"The Russian dragon is often shown as having three heads."俄罗斯龙经常被描绘成有三个头。故选C。
【答案】21．A
22．C
23．B
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是Hidden London展览的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和数字计算题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做数字计算题时，通读题干，需要仔细阅读题目，明确题目要求计算的具体内容，如时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等。 再定位关键词，根据题干中的关键词，在文章中迅速定位到与之相关的数据。 再根据题目要求，选择合适的计算方法（加、减、乘、除）。注意，有时可能需要进行多步计算。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段"You can enjoy the largest number of rare photos and objects from disused stations that have been brought together in one location.(你可以在一个地方欣赏到大量来自废弃车站的珍贵照片和物品)"可知，参观者在展览会上可以欣赏到大量的照片。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据第六段"While some sections of the Tube system lie "forgotten", many have been repurposed for new activities and are used for special Hidden London tours, growing salad leaves, and for filming locations, including Charing Cross, which featured in Skyfall (2012).(虽然地铁系统的一些部分被"遗忘"了，但许多已经被重新用于新的活动，用于特殊的Hidden London之旅，种植沙拉叶，以及作为拍摄地点，包括《007：大破天幕杀机》（2012）中的查令十字)"可知，Charing Cross被用作电影布景。故选C。
23．数字计算题。根据Admission Charges:部分的"Child Ticket: FREE(儿童票：免费)"，"Adult Ticket: 16.50 per ticket(成人票：每张16.50英镑)"，"Reduced Ticket: 15.50 per ticket(优惠票：每张15.50英镑)"和"Reduced price applies to senior citizens (60+) and visitors with disabilities.(优惠价适用于60岁以上老年人和残疾游客)"可知，一个孩子和都是57岁的祖父母应该付的钱是 16.50*2=
33。故选B。
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．B
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在疫情期间与一只名叫Mika的猫咪意外相遇，并因此获得了慰藉和快乐的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段"I rushed to turn on my bedroom light and discovered it was a cat. (我急忙打开卧室的灯，发现是一只猫)"以及第三段"I immediately calmed down and realized my error — I had left a window open. (我立刻冷静下来，意识到我的错误 —— 我留了一扇窗户开着)"可知，这只猫是通过开着的窗户进入屋里的。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段"Living alone can be isolating at the best of times. It was around the one month mark of the lockdown when I heard a meow outside my window. (独自生活即使在最好的时候也是孤立的。大约是在封锁一个月的时候，我听到了窗外有喵喵叫声)"可推知，在封锁期间，作者感到孤独。故选A。
26．词义猜测题。根据第七段"While the lockdown has been awful, I suspect I might not have ever met Mika if it had not happened. (尽管疫情封城很糟糕，但是我觉得如果不封城的话，我可能就不会遇到Mika.)"可知，作者认为疫情封城给他的生活带了很多不便，但却让他遇到了这只名为Mika的猫。故it应当指代疫情封城的政策。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段"While dogs are said to be man's best friend, a good cat can be everyone's best friend. (虽然狗被认为是人类最好的朋友，但一只好的猫咪也可以成为每个人最好的朋友)"可知，文章主要讲述了作者在疫情期间与一只名叫Mika的猫咪意外相遇，她与友善的猫咪建立友谊是非常值得的。故选D。
【答案】28．D
29．A
30．B
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；观点态度题；科幻未来类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。 文章主要探讨了时间旅行的可能性、理论依据及潜在悖论，最终反思活在当下的意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题以及观点态度题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的"approve"、"support"，表示反对的"oppose"、"criticize"，表示中立的"neutral"、"objective"等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。同时，要注意作者使用的修辞手法和语气，这些也是判断作者意图的重要依据。注意上下文逻辑关系。上下文逻辑关系是理解作者观点和态度的重要依据。考生应关注文章中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，如因果、条件、对比等。通过分析这些逻辑关系，可以更好地理解作者的意图和观点。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段"The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally referred to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.("时光机"这个词是威尔斯创造的，现在被普遍用来指一种把人送到遥远未来的交通工具)"可知，D选项"是H. G. Wells发明了"时间机器"这个术语"正确。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段"But could time travel actually be possible (但是时间旅行实际上是可能的吗？)"，接下来举了爱因斯坦和霍金的例子"Einstein's theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme conditions. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship, going at nearly the speed of light.(爱因斯坦的相对论允许在极端条件下进行时间旅行。斯蒂芬·霍金说，你可以乘坐一艘非常快的宇宙飞船，以接近光速的速度进入未来)"可知，霍金和爱因斯坦的理论表明了时间旅行的可能性。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段"Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the "grandfather paradox". It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn't born, how would he travel back in time (即使你能穿越到过去，也存在所谓的"祖父悖论"。它问的是，如果一个时间旅行者回到过去，他的祖父因为某种原因被杀，从而阻止了自己的出生，会发生什么。如果时间旅行者没有出生，他怎么能回到过去呢？)"可知，"grandfather paradox"提出的观点就是：祖父死亡导致时间旅行者无法出生。故选B。
31．观点态度题。根据最后一段"If that's what's in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.(如果这是未来可能发生的事，也许我们最好还是活在当下)"结合第四段提到"祖父悖论"使得时间旅行有可能不能实现；第五段以H.G.威尔斯的书为例，表明即使回到过去也有可能遭遇险境，可推知，作者对时间旅行持怀疑态度，故选C。
【答案】32．D
33．B
34．C
35．B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了控制人体生物钟的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，女性可能受益于生物钟。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和标题选择题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段"New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease."（新的研究表明，控制人体生物钟（昼夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。）可知，新的研究发现，控制生物钟的基因对于男性和女性的作用是不同的。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day."（人体昼夜节律的在24小时内组织身体活动的生物钟有助于一天中血压和心脏功能的正常变化。）可知，生物钟有助于血压和心脏功能正常变化。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据第三段"Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight."（与先前研究中的雄性小鼠不同，没有PER1的雌性小鼠在一夜之间血压正常下降。）可知，此句研究结果与前句表示对比，前句表示在低盐和高盐的饮食中，两组小鼠的血压保持明显的昼夜节律，推测划线单词表示"保持"，与kept同义。故选C。
35．标题选择题。根据第一段"New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological （circadian）clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease."（新的研究表明，控制人体生物钟（昼夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。）可知，生物钟可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害，以及最后一段"The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age."（研究表明，女性比同龄男性更不可能成为非杓型。）可知，女性受到生物钟的影响，心脏和肾脏疾病风险可能更低，所以"女性可能受益于生物钟"可以作为文章标题。故选B。
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．C
39．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亲社会行为的概念和两个研究黑猩猩是否有亲社会行为的实验。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段"Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU (你是否曾为别人做过什么事——明知你的行为只会让他们受益，而不会让你自己受益？)"和"This is called a prosocial behavior.(这被称为亲社会行为)"可知，亲社会行为是指明知你的行为只会让他们受益，而不会让你自己受益的情况下为别人做事的行为，所以选项C"蒂姆在去参加一个重要的工作面试的路上领着一个迷路的孩子回家。"是亲社会行为。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段"The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp.(这项研究采用了一项受控实验室实验，在围栏里的黑猩猩被给予两种选择：按下按钮给自己喂食，或按下按钮给自己和伴侣喂食) "可知，在这项基于实验室的研究中，黑猩猩的任务是做出选择。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段"Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy's research was very naturalistic.(与以前的受控实验室实验相比，底特律的研究设置是非常自然的)"和"We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees' outer enclosures.(我们在黑猩猩的外部围栏里安装了一个按钮和一个喷泉)"可知，DeTroy的研究不同于之前的研究之处是它为被测试的黑猩猩提供了一个自然环境。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据倒第三段"In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.(在这个实验中，黑猩猩表现出了为他人利益而行动的意愿，个别黑猩猩愿意按下按钮，但对自己没有好处) "以及倒数第二段 "It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn't benefit themselves from their behavior.(看到许多黑猩猩愿意亲社会地为群体成员提供宝贵的资源，即使他们不能从自己的行为中获益，这真的很吸引人) "可知，我们可以从DeTroy的话中了解到黑猩猩也能有亲社会行为，能够发展出帮助他人的能力。故选A。
40．【答案】G；E；A；B；C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】
1. 由上文"Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine.(孩子们几乎每天都能体验到新经历带来的快乐和惊奇。然而，对于许多成年人来说，这些情感在日常生活的重复和例行公事中消失了)"提出因为重复和例行公事，能带来快乐和惊奇的新体验从成年人的世界消失了，G选项"And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing.(然而，新的经历对我们的整体健康至关重要。)"与上文构成转折有关系，强调了这些新的体验对整体健康的重要性，同时引出下文关于尝试新事物的好处的讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选G。
2. 由上文"Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines.(尝试新事物对我们的大脑有好处。它帮助我们更有创造性地思考，增强自信。它还能帮助我们减压，因为新体验有助于打破有害或负面的习惯)"说明尝试新事物对大脑的好处。E选项"Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking.(尝试新事物也有助于培养灵活的思维。)"承接上文，进一步说明了尝试新事物对思维的好处，与上文构成并列关系。同时，下文"We will consider things from new and different perspectives.(我们会从新的和不同的角度来考虑问题)"对E选项观点进行了具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选E。
3. 由上文"It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health.(显而易见，尝试新事物对我们的心理健康有好处)"是对第二段内容和总结，说明尝试新事物对心理健康有益是显而易见的。A选项"However, it is also good for our body.(然而，这对我们的身体也有好处。)"通过转折词"However"引出下文关于尝试新事物对身体好处的讨论，与上文形成对比。同时，下文"Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health.(参与新的体育活动可以提高我们的身体素质，增强我们的能量水平，并提升我们的整体健康)"是对A选项观点具体论述，上下文语意连贯。故选A。
4. 由上文"Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives.(拥有新体验也可以对我们的社交生活产生积极影响)"提出新体验对社交生活有益。B选项"It can help us expand our social connections.(它能帮助我们拓展社交人脉。)"对上文观点进行举例论证，同时引出下文"When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives.(当我们走出舒适区，参与新的活动时，我们会遇到不同背景和观点的人，这可以拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的生活)"对扩大社交联系益处的具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
5. 由上文"Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different.(然而，打破常规，尝试一些完全不同的东西可能会很可怕)"指出尝试新事物可能会让人感到害怕。C选项"Luckily there are practical tips to make a change.(幸运的是，有一些切实可行的建议可以带来改变。)"通过"Luckily"引出下文关于如何开始尝试新事物的具体建议，下文"Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps.(从小事开始，把目标分解成更小的步骤)"建议尝试新事物要从小事开始，上下文语意连贯。故选C。
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尝试新事物对人们的好处以及如何开始尝试新事物。备选项的中文意思：
A. 然而，这对我们的身体也有好处。
B. 它能帮助我们拓展社交人脉。
C. 幸运的是，有一些切实可行的建议可以带来改变。
D. 新的经历对于克服恐惧至关重要。
E. 尝试新事物也有助于培养灵活的思维。
F. 每一次新的经历都有助于我们的个人成长。
G. 然而，新的经历对我们的整体健康至关重要。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。任务型阅读空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
【答案】41．C；42．A；43．A；44．D；45．B；46．A；47．D；48．B；49．C；50．B；51．C；52．C；53．D；54．D；55．B
【知识点】新闻报道类；社会现象类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文（新闻报道）。文章主要介绍了Amy创建的一个"像我一样的娃娃"的公司项目，为残疾的或有罕见疾病的孩子定制跟孩子有相同特征的娃娃，使孩子感到自己被需要、被包容，从而对其生活产生积极影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：她从小就是娃娃收藏家，她创建了"像我一样的娃娃"（这个项目）。A. designer设计师；B. creator创造者；C. collector收藏家；D. trader商人。根据句中的since childhood可推知，Amy从小收藏洋娃娃，是一个洋娃娃收藏家（collector）。故选C。
42．句意：这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。A. project项目；B. idea理念；C. research研究；D. technology技术。根据第一段"Amy is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission. A doll ____1____ since childhood, she has created A Doll Like Me. (艾米是一家小公司的老板，她有一个非常美好的使命。她从小就是娃娃收藏家，她创建了‘像我一样的娃娃'（这个项目）。)"可知，Amy的公司有一个项目，A Doll Like Me，这是一个为患残疾或罕见病的孩子制作洋娃娃的项目（project）。故选A。
43．句意：这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。A. rare稀有的；B. good好的；C. ripe成熟的；D. extreme极端的。根据下文"A Doll Like Me has provided over 300 dolls so far which have been ____10____ to children all around the world. Amy's ____11____ goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll ____12____. (到目前为止，‘像我这样的娃娃'这个项目已经提供了300多个娃娃，这些娃娃已经被运送到世界各地的孩子们手中。)"可知，世界各地生病的孩子有很多，不是生病的孩子就可以得到娃娃，说明得到娃娃的是患有罕见（rare）疾病的孩子。故选A。
44．句意：艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。A. tired疲惫的；B. available可用的；C. powerful强大的；D. included包括在内的。根据上一句"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。)"可知，身患残疾或某些罕见疾病的孩子，身体特征与其他孩子不同，下文"To do so, Amy goes out of her way to make each doll ____5____ the child. Each doll is unique, ____6____ they still have one thing in common — all dolls wear a smile.( 艾米想尽办法让每个娃娃看起来都像这个孩子。每个娃娃都是独一无二的，但它们有一个共同点——所有的娃娃都带着微笑。)"可知，这些娃娃的身体特征和生病的或者残疾的孩子一样，使孩子产生同理心，通过陪伴娃娃，孩子产生被需要和被包容的感觉，从而开心起来。included符合语境。故选D。
45．句意：艾米想尽办法让每个娃娃看起来都像这个孩子。A. work with与……共事；B. look like看起来像；C. accept接受；D. recognize识别。根据第一段"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。)"可知，Amy制作的娃娃的身体特征像（look like）定制娃娃的孩子。故选B。
46．句意：每个娃娃都是独一无二的，但它们有一个共同点——所有的娃娃都带着微笑。A. yet然而；B. so所以；C. because因为；D. or或。根据上文"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and ____4____. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。)"可知，那些孩子有疾病或者残疾，可能生活中感到孤独，被排挤，导致心情不好，根据本句中all dolls wear a smile，上下文为转折关系，yet符合语境。故选A。
47．句意：这些娃娃不仅漂亮，还改变了数百个孩子的生活。A. wish希望；B. deal交易；C. plan计划；D. difference差异。根据上文"Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and ____4____. (艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。)"可知，拥有娃娃以后的孩子感受到被需要，被包容，对孩子产生了好的影响。此处考查动词短语make a difference，意为"有影响，有关系"。故选D。
48．句意：当他们付不起的时候，我会想办法自己支付。 A. win赢；B. cover支付；C. sell出售；D. use使用。根据上文"Typically, parents pay for the dolls-about $ 100 with shipping per doll. (通常情况下，父母支付每个娃娃大约100美元的运费。)"，以及本句中的When they can't afford it，可知，Amy帮助无支付能力的父母买单，cover符合语境。故选B。
49．句意：无论付出什么代价，无论我必须做什么，我都要让这些孩子们手里有一个娃娃。A. friends朋友；B. eyes眼睛；C. hands手；D. dreams梦想。根据下文"Amy's ____11____ goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll ____12____. (艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。)"可知，这个项目的目标是每个有需要的孩子手头（hand）都有一个娃娃。故选C。
50．句意：到目前为止，"像我这样的娃娃"（这个项目）已经提供了300多个娃娃，这些娃娃已经被运送到世界各地的孩子们手中。A. awarded授予；B. shipped发货；C. returned返回；D. mentioned提及。根据句中的children all around the world可知，需要娃娃的孩子来自世界各地，故Amy把完成了的娃娃运送（shipped）出去。故选B。
51．句意：艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。A. open开放的；B. common普通的；C. final最终的；D. commercial商业的。根据句中的turn her small business into an official non-profit organization可知，把"像我这样的娃娃"（这个项目）做大做强，发展成正式的非营利组织是Amy的终极（final）目标。故选C。
52．句意：艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。A. in person亲自；B. for fun为了好玩；C. free of charge免费；D. full of hope充满希望。根据上文"Typically, parents pay for the dolls — about $ 100 with shipping per doll. When they can't afford it, I'll find a way to ____8____ it myself. (通常情况下，父母会支付每个娃娃大约100美元的运费。他们付不起的时候，我会想办法自己支付。)"可知，起步阶段，每个娃娃是收费的，根据本句中non-profit organization，Amy希望可以在将来能让有需求的孩子免费（free of charge）得到一个娃娃。故选C。
53．句意：许多人都对她的任务做出了友好的回应，因为她已经在GoFund.me上（筹到）了5万美元的目标中的3.8万美元。A. calmly冷静地；B. honestly诚实地；C. politely礼貌地；D. kindly友善地。根据本句后半句可知，Amy的目标为5万美元，现在已经达到3.8万，说明很多人对这事很友善（kindly），愿意帮忙。故选D。
54．句意：艾米已经在和一家儿童医院合作，以更容易识别出那些健康状况可以通过一个看起来像他们的填充玩具来改善的孩子！A. school学校；B. toyshop玩具店；C. shelter庇护所；D. hospital医院。根据上文"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。)"可知，得到娃娃的孩子身患罕见疾病或残疾，这些孩子可能会在儿童医院（hospital）。故选D。
55．句意：艾米已经在和一家儿童医院合作，以更容易识别出那些健康状况可以通过一个看起来像他们的填充玩具来改善的孩子！A. sponsored赞助；B. improved改进；C. guaranteed保证；D. supported支持。根据上文"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and ____4____. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。)"，"Not only beautiful, the dolls make a ____7____ in the lives of hundreds of children. (这些娃娃不仅漂亮，还改变了数百个孩子的生活。)"可知，因为这些娃娃的陪伴，这些生病的或者残疾的孩子内心有被需要、被包容的感觉，从而影响其心情，改善了（improved）健康状况。故选B。
【答案】56．its；57．oldest；58．are placed；59．An；60．development；61．told；62．which；63．making；64．pieces；65．to
【知识点】动词的语态；形容词性物主代词；形容词最高级；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统艺术皮影戏的特点，发展以及制作等等。【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及代词，形容词，时态，语态，主谓一致，冠词，名词，非谓语动词，定语从句以及介词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
56．句意：皮影戏，也叫影子戏，几千年前在中国和印度开始。it，它，人称代词主格/宾格。空处在句中做前置定语修饰start，空处表示"它的"，its，形容词性物主代词，符合语境。故填its。
57．句意：这种独特的讲故事方式是世界上最古老的木偶戏。old，古老的/旧的，形容词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词短语type of puppetry，分析句子语境可知，空处表示"最古老的"，故空处应用其最高级形式。故填oldest。
58．句意：皮影木偶是放置在灯光和屏幕之间的人物。place， 名词（地方/地点/位置/职位/座位），动词（放置/安置/安排/发出）。空处为that引导的定语从句的谓语，此处陈述客观事实，故谓语时态为一般现在时，动词place与主语figures（定语从句的先行词）之间为被动关系，故谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/ is/are+动词的过去分词，根据主谓一致原则，主语figures为复数，be动词应用are。故填are placed。
59．句意：一个有经验的木偶师可以使木偶看起来像走路、说话、打架和跳舞。此处为表示泛指"一个有经验的木偶师"，且空后experienced以元音音素发音开头，应用不定冠词an，句首单词首字母应大写。故填An。
60．句意：随着时间的推移，中国、印度、印度尼西亚和土耳其对这种艺术形式的发展非常重要。develop，发展，动词。空处在句中作介词in的宾语，空处表示"发展"，development，不可数名词，符合语境。故填development。
61．句意：皮影戏讲述的故事类型因国家而异。tell， 告诉/告知/讲述/说/吩咐/命令/辨别/区分，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中作后置定语修饰名词stories，动词tell与其逻辑主语stories构成逻辑上的被动关系，故空处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填told。
62．句意：今天，你可能会看到不同种类的皮影，其中许浙江省宁波市余姚中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
一、听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024高一上·余姚期中）What is the woman's suggestion for the man
A．Find someone to replace him.
B．Take a break now.
C．Wait for Ben.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: I'm going to take my lunch break right now.
W: You'd better not. Ben just left for his break, and someone needs to stay here until he gets back.
【分析】问题：女士对男士有什么建议？根据"Ben just left for his break, and someone needs to stay here until he gets back."Ben刚刚离开去休息，需要有人留在这里，直到他回来。可知她建议男士等Ben回来，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
2．（2024高一上·余姚期中）What does the woman mean
A．She will pass the man some sugar.
B．The man shouldn't have more sugar.
C．She will make some coffee for the man.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: Can you pass me the sugar, please
W: Don't you think you've had enough sugar in your coffee this morning
【分析】问题：女士是什么意思？根据"Can you pass me the sugar, please "你能把糖递给我吗？；以及"Don't you think you've had enough sugar in your coffee this morning "你不觉得你今天早上的咖啡里加的糖够多了吗？可推知女士认为男士不应该再吃糖。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．（2024高一上·余姚期中）When will the speakers have ice cream
A．After playing some games.
B．Before Harold opens his presents.
C．After Harold opens his presents.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: Happy Birthday, Harold! Come here and blow out the candles, and then we can have cake and ice cream.
M: But I want to open my presents first.
W: No, honey. We're going to do this now, OK We can open presents after we play some games a little later.
【分析】问题：谈话人什么时候吃冰淇淋？根据" But I want to open my presents first."但我想先打开礼物。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2024高一上·余姚期中）Why is Tracy so happy
A．She has received her favorite journal.
B．She has won a prize for her research.
C．She has got her article published.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: Tracy, you look very happy. Did you win a prize
W: More than that! I've just received the new issue of the journal, and you know, my article is in it.
M: Oh, great. It must be the article on classroom research, I guess. Congratulations!
【分析】问题： Tracy 为什么这么高兴？根据"I've just received the new issue of the journal, and you know, my article is in it."我刚收到新一期的杂志，你知道，我的文章在里面。可知她高兴是因为她的文章发表了。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
5．（2024高一上·余姚期中）What are the speakers talking about
A．An interesting film.
B．Some history books.
C．Their activities last night.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: What did you do last night
W: I went to the library to borrow some books on history. What about you
M: I stayed at home and watched films for the entire night.
【分析】问题：谈话人在谈论什么？根据"What did you do last night "你昨晚做了什么？；" I went to the library to borrow some books on history. What about you "我去图书馆借了一些历史书。那你呢？；以及"I stayed at home and watched films for the entire night."我整晚都呆在家里看电影。可知他们在交谈昨晚各自做的事情，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词。
二、听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Where does the woman want to go
A．The library. B．The movie theater. C．The man's house.
7．What is the man like
A．Indifferent. B．Warm-hearted. C．Humorous.
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Are you looking for something
W: I'm trying to find the library.
M: I can help you find it if you want.
W: I would like that.
M: Do you know where the movie theater is
W: Yeah, I know where that is.
M: You'll find the library right around the corner.
W: Are you serious
M: Yes, you can't miss it.
W: I know exactly where it is now.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
6．问题：女士想去哪里？根据"I'm trying to find the library."我在找图书馆。可知她想去图书馆，故选A。
7．问题：男士是什么样的人？根据" I can help you find it if you want."如果你愿意，我可以帮你找到它。可推知他是一个热心人，故选B。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What's the man doing
A．Applying for a job. B．Asking for help. C．Showing the way.
9．What level does the man mostly teach
A．All levels. B．Beginners. C．Advanced.
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Good afternoon. Are you the director of the ski school
W: Yes, that's right.
M: Hi, I'm Craig Johnson.
W: Hi, Craig. What can I do for you
M: I'd like to apply for the ski instructor job.
W: Okay, good. Please take a seat.
M: Thanks.
W: So tell me, Craig, what levels do you teach
M: All levels, but mostly beginners.
W: Okay. And how long have you been teaching skiing
M: This will be my second winter teaching.
W: Hmm… Well, Craig, the workday starts at five in the morning. There's a lot of work to do before classes start. Is that a problem for you
M: No, that's fine.
W: Do you live near here
M: Yes, I'm just three kilometers away.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：男士在干什么？根据"I'd like to apply for the ski instructor job."我想申请滑雪教练的工作。故选A。
9．问题：男士主要教什么级别？根据"All levels, but mostly beginners."所有级别，但主要是初学者。可知他主要教初学者，故选B。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Where does the conversation take place
A．In a net bar.
B．At the woman's office.
C．At the man's apartment.
11．How much did the woman pay for her hard drive
A．$200. B．$300. C．$350.
12．What do the speakers agree with
A．Hard drives are more expensive.
B．Technology keeps improving.
C．People depend too much on computers.
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Wow, your place is messy. Why don't you clean up a bit
M: Yeah, I will. I've just been spending all my time at the office lately. Anyway, let me show you that video I edited on Thursday. It's on my laptop.
W: Hey, what's this
M: That's my new hard drive. I just ordered it on Wednesday and it was delivered here on Friday. It's got about ten times as much storage as my computer.
W: Wow, why do you need so much
M: I do a lot of shooting with my HD video camera. All that takes up a lot of disk space. Anyway, this hard drive was only 300 dollars.
W: Really That's pretty cheap. Just three years ago, I bought a pretty small hard drive, and it cost 200 dollars.
M: Well, that's technology for you. I remember the first hard drive I ever bought. I think it was about seven years ago. It cost 350 dollars at the time and it didn't have very much storage at all. And it was really huge and heavy.
W: It's amazing. All these things we buy today seem so old after just a few years.
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
10．问题：对话在哪里进行？根据" your place is messy. Why don't you clean up a bit "你的地方很乱。你为什么不清理一下呢？；以及"Yeah, I will. I've just been spending all my time at the office lately."是的，我会的。我最近一直把所有的时间都花在办公室里。可推知他们在男士的住所，故选C。
11．问题：女士花了多少钱买硬盘？根据"Just three years ago, I bought a pretty small hard drive, and it cost 200 dollars." 就在三年前，我买了一个相当小的硬盘，花了 200 美元。 故选A。
12．问题：谈话人同意什么？根据"Well, that's technology for you. I remember the first hard drive I ever bought. I think it was about seven years ago. It cost 350 dollars at the time and it didn't have very much storage at all. And it was really huge and heavy."好吧，这就是你的技术。我记得我买的第一个硬盘。我想那是大约七年前的事了。当时它的价格是350美元，而且它根本没有太多的存储空间。而且它真的又大又重；以及"It's amazing. All these things we buy today seem so old after just a few years."太神奇了。我们今天买的这些东西在几年后就显得很旧了。可知他们认为技术不断进步。故选B。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What does Nathan have to write down first
A．His family history.
B．His educational background.
C．His personal information.
14．Why does Nathan say he is in trouble
A．He got fired from his last job.
B．He has never had a real job before.
C．He has never filled out an application before.
15．Who might Mr. Nelson be
A．A teacher. B．Nathan's neighbor. C．Jenny's father.
16．What can we learn about Nathan
A．He went to college in 2010.
B．He used to walk his neighbor's dog.
C．He is still a high school student.
【答案】13．C
14．B
15．A
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Can you help me fill out this form, Jenny
W: Sure. What's it for, Nathan
M: I'm applying for a job at the DVD store down the street. This is the first time that I've had to fill out a form like this.
W: Well, the first thing to write down is your personal information at the top.
M: OK, that's pretty easy. What about this section here
W: You should write down your high school's information first, since that is the most recent. And remember to put down "2010 — Present" since you're still going there.
M: What about my middle school and elementary school
W: You could put down your middle school, but I don't think you need to go all the way back to fifth grade for this job application!
M: Ha-ha, OK! Uh-oh…"Previous Job Experience". I'm in trouble now.
W: Don't worry. Remember when you used to watch the neighbor's kids on the weekends You can put that down.
M: Oh, really Cool! Now, the last section… Can I put you down as a personal reference
W: I'd be happy to do that, but I think they will want someone older than you, like a teacher or a parent… Why don't you ask Mr. Nelson You were his favorite student.
M: Good idea.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
13．问题：内森首先要写什么？根据"the first thing to write down is your personal information at the top."首先，要在顶部写下你的个人信息。故选C。
14．问题：为什么 Nathan 说他有麻烦了？根据"‘Previous Job Experience'. I'm in trouble now.""以前的工作经验"。我现在有麻烦了。可知他以前从未有过真正的工作。故选B。
15．问题： Nelson 先生可能是谁？根据"Why don't you ask Mr. Nelson You were his favorite student."你为什么不问 Nelson 先生？你是他最喜欢的学生。可推知 Nelson 先生是一名教师，顾旭A。
16．问题：我们能从 Nathan 身上知道什么？根据"You should write down your high school's information first, since that is the most recent."你应该先写下你高中的信息，因为这是最新的。可推知他还是一名高中生。故选C。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What does the dragon traditionally symbolize in China
A．Evil. B．Intelligence. C．Fire.
18．Where did the legend of the dragon originate
A．The Middle East. B．Southeast Asia. C．Western Europe.
19．Why did people use to believe in dragons
A．Because of the Bible.
B．Because they really existed.
C．Because of the presence of dinosaur bones.
20．What is a feature of the Russian dragon
A．It has no legs. B．It has two wings. C．It has three heads.
【答案】17．B
18．A
19．C
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【原文】Did you know that dragons have been popular legends in both Europe and Asia for over 3000 years There is a mention of a dragon in the Bible, but it is associated with evil and considered to be the devil. On the other hand, in China, the dragon is still a symbol of intelligence and power. But the image of the dragon in the East and West was influenced by hundreds of years of contact between Asia and Europe, and dragons came to have some similarities. It is believed that dragons were first imagined in the ancient Middle East.
In fact, there used to be a time when people even believed that they really existed. People used to think that dinosaur bones were dragon bones. It is not clear when people began to think that dragons could breathe fire, but both European and Asia dragons have been painted as having that capability. The Chinese dragon does not have legs or wings like the European dragon. The Russian dragon is often shown as having three heads. Dragons are still quite popular and can be seen in many movies and television programs.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：龙在中国传统上象征着什么？根据"On the other hand, in China, the dragon is still a symbol of intelligence and power."另一方面，在中国，龙仍然是智慧和力量的象征。故选B。
18．问题：龙的传说起源于哪里？根据" It is believed that dragons were first imagined in the ancient Middle East."据信，龙最早是在古代中东被想象出来的。故选A。
19．问题：为什么人们过去相信龙？根据"In fact, there used to be a time when people even believed that they really existed. People used to think that dinosaur bones were dragon bones."事实上，曾经有一段时间，人们甚至相信他们真的存在。人们过去认为恐龙的骨头是龙骨。故选C。
20．问题：俄罗斯龙有什么特点？根据"The Russian dragon is often shown as having three heads."俄罗斯龙经常被描绘成有三个头。故选C。
三、阅读理解A
（2024高一上·余姚期中）Hidden London: the Exhibition
Visit an "abandoned" Tube station underworld and discover what secrets are hidden beneath our busy streets in our new Hidden London exhibition at London Transport Museum!
Hidden London: the Exhibition takes you on a journey of some of London's most secret spaces in the world's oldest underground system. These "forgotten" parts of the Tube network have incredible stories to tell about Britain's wartime past.
You can enjoy the largest number of rare photos and objects from disused stations that have been brought together in one location.
Discover stories about how Churchill took shelter at the height of the Blitz deep underground at Down Street station. See how shelterers lived down at Clapham South station, where they slept and how they kept entertained.
You can also explore other locations that we have recreated in our Global Gallery, including the historic abandoned ticket hall at Aldwych station with an original 1930s ticket office.
The exhibition uncovers why these "lost" parts of the underground network exist. Changes in population, economic priorities and political pressures have all led to spaces being abandoned. But they rarely stay that way. While some sections of the Tube system lie "forgotten", many have been repurposed for new activities and are used for special Hidden London tours, growing salad leaves, and for filming locations, including Charing Cross, which featured in Skyfall (2012).
Admission Charges:
Child Ticket: FREE
Adult Ticket: 16.50 per ticket
Reduced Ticket: 15.50 per ticket
Reduced price applies to senior citizens (60+) and visitors with disabilities.
Opening Times:
Every day: 10:00-18:00
Last entry: 17:00
Address: 39 Wellington Street, Covent Garden, London
21．What can visitors do at the exhibition
A．Admire a collection of photos. B．Buy tickets in a deserted hall.
C．Grow vegetables underground. D．Live a sheltered life in war time.
22．Which station was used as a film set
A．Aldwych. B．Down Street.
C．Charing Cross. D．Clapham South.
23．How much should a kid with grandparents both aged 57 pay for the admission
A． 31 B． 33 C． 46.5 D． 49.5
【答案】21．A
22．C
23．B
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是Hidden London展览的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和数字计算题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做数字计算题时，通读题干，需要仔细阅读题目，明确题目要求计算的具体内容，如时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等。 再定位关键词，根据题干中的关键词，在文章中迅速定位到与之相关的数据。 再根据题目要求，选择合适的计算方法（加、减、乘、除）。注意，有时可能需要进行多步计算。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段"You can enjoy the largest number of rare photos and objects from disused stations that have been brought together in one location.(你可以在一个地方欣赏到大量来自废弃车站的珍贵照片和物品)"可知，参观者在展览会上可以欣赏到大量的照片。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据第六段"While some sections of the Tube system lie "forgotten", many have been repurposed for new activities and are used for special Hidden London tours, growing salad leaves, and for filming locations, including Charing Cross, which featured in Skyfall (2012).(虽然地铁系统的一些部分被"遗忘"了，但许多已经被重新用于新的活动，用于特殊的Hidden London之旅，种植沙拉叶，以及作为拍摄地点，包括《007：大破天幕杀机》（2012）中的查令十字)"可知，Charing Cross被用作电影布景。故选C。
23．数字计算题。根据Admission Charges:部分的"Child Ticket: FREE(儿童票：免费)"，"Adult Ticket: 16.50 per ticket(成人票：每张16.50英镑)"，"Reduced Ticket: 15.50 per ticket(优惠票：每张15.50英镑)"和"Reduced price applies to senior citizens (60+) and visitors with disabilities.(优惠价适用于60岁以上老年人和残疾游客)"可知，一个孩子和都是57岁的祖父母应该付的钱是 16.50*2=
33。故选B。
四、B
（2024高一上·余姚期中）I was scared when a loud noise in my apartment woke me in the middle of the night. I rushed to turn on my bedroom light and discovered it was a cat.
Here's the thing — I do not have a cat. And this was not the first time this particular cat had demanded my attention.
I immediately calmed down and realized my error — I had left a window open. I approached to entertain my house-guest by giving her some treats and a scratch under her collar (颈圈).
Like so many others, I shifted from working in an office to working from home. Living alone can be isolating at the best of times. It was around the one-month mark of the lockdown when I heard a meow outside my window. Sitting outside on the grass was a long-haired, golden-colored cat. I opened the window, and this beautiful cat jumped into my home. Her short visit brightened my day.
A few days later, I heard a familiar meow. I saw a name tag on her collar: Mika. On this second visit, I also noticed Mika was cross-eyed, which only made her more lovely.
Over the next few weeks, Mika would stop by occasionally. Sometimes, she only stayed for a few minutes; other times, she would wander around my apartment much longer. Each visit brightened me. Mika even helped me connect with some new neighbors, who asked if Mika was my cat. Apparently, Mika visited them as well.
While the lockdown has been awful, I suspect I might not have ever met Mika if it had not happened. But perhaps she came by at this time because she sensed a need for connection on my part.
While dogs are said to be man's best friend, a good cat can be everyone's best friend.
24．What do we know about the cat from the first three paragraphs
A．She used to go out at night.
B．She entered through the window.
C．She annoyed the neighbors badly.
D．She liked the author's treats particularly.
25．How did the author probably feel during the lockdown
A．Lonely. B．Mad. C．Heart-broken. D．Absent-minded.
26．What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 7 refer to
A．The open window. B．The lockdown.
C．A need for connection. D．A stay with new neighbors.
27．What does the author want to express through the text
A．He lives an unusual life.
B．He longs for a harmonious society.
C．Keeping cats is rewarding.
D．Befriending nice cats is worthwhile.
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．B
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在疫情期间与一只名叫Mika的猫咪意外相遇，并因此获得了慰藉和快乐的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段"I rushed to turn on my bedroom light and discovered it was a cat. (我急忙打开卧室的灯，发现是一只猫)"以及第三段"I immediately calmed down and realized my error — I had left a window open. (我立刻冷静下来，意识到我的错误 —— 我留了一扇窗户开着)"可知，这只猫是通过开着的窗户进入屋里的。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段"Living alone can be isolating at the best of times. It was around the one month mark of the lockdown when I heard a meow outside my window. (独自生活即使在最好的时候也是孤立的。大约是在封锁一个月的时候，我听到了窗外有喵喵叫声)"可推知，在封锁期间，作者感到孤独。故选A。
26．词义猜测题。根据第七段"While the lockdown has been awful, I suspect I might not have ever met Mika if it had not happened. (尽管疫情封城很糟糕，但是我觉得如果不封城的话，我可能就不会遇到Mika.)"可知，作者认为疫情封城给他的生活带了很多不便，但却让他遇到了这只名为Mika的猫。故it应当指代疫情封城的政策。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段"While dogs are said to be man's best friend, a good cat can be everyone's best friend. (虽然狗被认为是人类最好的朋友，但一只好的猫咪也可以成为每个人最好的朋友)"可知，文章主要讲述了作者在疫情期间与一只名叫Mika的猫咪意外相遇，她与友善的猫咪建立友谊是非常值得的。故选D。
五、C
（2024高一上·余姚期中）If you could travel in time, where would you go Perhaps you would watch a performance of a Shakespeare's play in Elizabethan England What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period Or maybe you'd voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.
The possibility of time travel is indeed attractive. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best-known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine, written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895. It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally referred to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
But could time travel actually be possible Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called "wormholes", which could be used as shortcuts to other periods. Einstein's theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme conditions. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship, going at nearly the speed of light. Though building such a spaceship wouldn't of course be simple.
Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the "grandfather paradox". It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn't born, how would he travel back in time
And would you really like to visit the future In H. G. Wells' book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles.
If that's what's in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
28．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The Time Machine is one of the bestselling science fiction novels.
B．There are films, comic books and dramas adapted from the novel The Time Machine.
C．Works of Literature about time travel first appeared one hundred years ago.
D．It was H.G. Wells who invented the term "time machine".
29．Einstein's and Hawking's theories________.
A．suggest the possibility of time travel
B．have been proved wrong by some time travelers
C．have similarities because both are based on experiments
D．have pushed the invention of the first spaceship
30．In Paragraph 4, "grandfather paradox" probably refers to the idea that________.
A．the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness
B．the grandfather's death makes the traveler's birth impossible
C．the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather
D．the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather
31．According to the passage what is probably the author's attitude towards time travel
A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
【答案】28．D
29．A
30．B
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；观点态度题；科幻未来类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。 文章主要探讨了时间旅行的可能性、理论依据及潜在悖论，最终反思活在当下的意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题以及观点态度题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的"approve"、"support"，表示反对的"oppose"、"criticize"，表示中立的"neutral"、"objective"等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。同时，要注意作者使用的修辞手法和语气，这些也是判断作者意图的重要依据。注意上下文逻辑关系。上下文逻辑关系是理解作者观点和态度的重要依据。考生应关注文章中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，如因果、条件、对比等。通过分析这些逻辑关系，可以更好地理解作者的意图和观点。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段"The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally referred to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.("时光机"这个词是威尔斯创造的，现在被普遍用来指一种把人送到遥远未来的交通工具)"可知，D选项"是H. G. Wells发明了"时间机器"这个术语"正确。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段"But could time travel actually be possible (但是时间旅行实际上是可能的吗？)"，接下来举了爱因斯坦和霍金的例子"Einstein's theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme conditions. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship, going at nearly the speed of light.(爱因斯坦的相对论允许在极端条件下进行时间旅行。斯蒂芬·霍金说，你可以乘坐一艘非常快的宇宙飞船，以接近光速的速度进入未来)"可知，霍金和爱因斯坦的理论表明了时间旅行的可能性。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段"Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the "grandfather paradox". It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn't born, how would he travel back in time (即使你能穿越到过去，也存在所谓的"祖父悖论"。它问的是，如果一个时间旅行者回到过去，他的祖父因为某种原因被杀，从而阻止了自己的出生，会发生什么。如果时间旅行者没有出生，他怎么能回到过去呢？)"可知，"grandfather paradox"提出的观点就是：祖父死亡导致时间旅行者无法出生。故选B。
31．观点态度题。根据最后一段"If that's what's in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.(如果这是未来可能发生的事，也许我们最好还是活在当下)"结合第四段提到"祖父悖论"使得时间旅行有可能不能实现；第五段以H.G.威尔斯的书为例，表明即使回到过去也有可能遭遇险境，可推知，作者对时间旅行持怀疑态度，故选C。
六、D
（2024高一上·余姚期中）New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease. The study is the first to analyze circadian blood pressure rhythms (节奏) in female mice.
The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day. In most healthy humans, blood pressure dips (下降) at night. People who do not experience this temporary drop, called "non-dippers", are more likely to develop heart disease. The circadian clock is made up of four main proteins (encoded by "clock genes") that regulate close to half of all genes in the body, including those important for blood pressure regulation.
Previous research has shown that male mice that are missing one of the four clock genes (PER1) become non-dippers and have a higher risk for heart and kidney disease. A research team studied the circadian response and blood pressure of female mice that lack PER1 and compared them with a healthy female control group. On both low-and high-salt diets, both groups "retained an apparent circadian rhythm" of blood pressure, the researchers explained. Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight.
These results suggest that the lack of PER1 acts differently in males and females. The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age. "This study represents an important step in understanding sex differences in the regulation of cardiovascular (心血管) function by the circadian clock," the researchers wrote.
32．What does the new research find
A．Biological clock may protect males from heart disease.
B．Biological blood pressure rhythms in female mice acts normally.
C．Biological clock organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period.
D．A gene controlling biological clock works differently between sexes.
33．What role can circadian clock play according to the text
A．Helping males cure heart disease.
B．Helping blood pressure vary normally.
C．Contributing to abnormal variations in blood pressure.
D．Making up four main proteins regulating almost half of all genes.
34．Which word can best replace the underlined word "retained" in paragraph 3
A．treated. B．warned. C．kept. D．watched.
35．What would be a suitable title for the text
A．One clock gene is important
B．Women may benefit from body clock
C．New study analyzes blood pressure rhythms
D．Blood pressure of healthy humans dips at night
【答案】32．D
33．B
34．C
35．B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了控制人体生物钟的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，女性可能受益于生物钟。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和标题选择题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段"New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease."（新的研究表明，控制人体生物钟（昼夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。）可知，新的研究发现，控制生物钟的基因对于男性和女性的作用是不同的。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day."（人体昼夜节律的在24小时内组织身体活动的生物钟有助于一天中血压和心脏功能的正常变化。）可知，生物钟有助于血压和心脏功能正常变化。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据第三段"Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight."（与先前研究中的雄性小鼠不同，没有PER1的雌性小鼠在一夜之间血压正常下降。）可知，此句研究结果与前句表示对比，前句表示在低盐和高盐的饮食中，两组小鼠的血压保持明显的昼夜节律，推测划线单词表示"保持"，与kept同义。故选C。
35．标题选择题。根据第一段"New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological （circadian）clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease."（新的研究表明，控制人体生物钟（昼夜节律）的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同，可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。）可知，生物钟可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害，以及最后一段"The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age."（研究表明，女性比同龄男性更不可能成为非杓型。）可知，女性受到生物钟的影响，心脏和肾脏疾病风险可能更低，所以"女性可能受益于生物钟"可以作为文章标题。故选B。
七、E
（2024高一上·余姚期中）Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital's ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.
But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this As one of out closest relatives, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.
Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.
Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy's research was very naturalistic. "We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees' outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.
In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.
"It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn't benefit themselves from their behavior." said DeTroy.
Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it's safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.
36．Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors
A．Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.
B．Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.
C．Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.
D．Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math's class.
37．What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study
A．Sharing food. B．Making a choice.
C．Comforting others. D．Showing sympathy.
38．How is DeTroy's study different from the previous ones
A．It was based on controlled lab experiment.
B．It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.
C．It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.
D．It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.
39．What can we learn from DeTroy's quotes
A．Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.
B．Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.
C．Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.
D．Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．C
39．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亲社会行为的概念和两个研究黑猩猩是否有亲社会行为的实验。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段"Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU (你是否曾为别人做过什么事——明知你的行为只会让他们受益，而不会让你自己受益？)"和"This is called a prosocial behavior.(这被称为亲社会行为)"可知，亲社会行为是指明知你的行为只会让他们受益，而不会让你自己受益的情况下为别人做事的行为，所以选项C"蒂姆在去参加一个重要的工作面试的路上领着一个迷路的孩子回家。"是亲社会行为。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段"The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp.(这项研究采用了一项受控实验室实验，在围栏里的黑猩猩被给予两种选择：按下按钮给自己喂食，或按下按钮给自己和伴侣喂食) "可知，在这项基于实验室的研究中，黑猩猩的任务是做出选择。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段"Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy's research was very naturalistic.(与以前的受控实验室实验相比，底特律的研究设置是非常自然的)"和"We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees' outer enclosures.(我们在黑猩猩的外部围栏里安装了一个按钮和一个喷泉)"可知，DeTroy的研究不同于之前的研究之处是它为被测试的黑猩猩提供了一个自然环境。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据倒第三段"In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.(在这个实验中，黑猩猩表现出了为他人利益而行动的意愿，个别黑猩猩愿意按下按钮，但对自己没有好处) "以及倒数第二段 "It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn't benefit themselves from their behavior.(看到许多黑猩猩愿意亲社会地为群体成员提供宝贵的资源，即使他们不能从自己的行为中获益，这真的很吸引人) "可知，我们可以从DeTroy的话中了解到黑猩猩也能有亲社会行为，能够发展出帮助他人的能力。故选A。
八、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
40．（2024高一上·余姚期中）Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine.
Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines. We will consider things from new and different perspectives.
It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health. Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health. For example, trying a new sport or exercise routine can increase our flexibility and strength. Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives. . When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we· meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives. Building new relationships can provide us with a sense of belonging.
Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different. Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps. And be very specific about the goal. For example, instead of aiming to work on arm strength, make a goal of doing twenty arm curls (弯曲) a day. In addition, be realistic and make sure the goal s practicable in terms of finances and free time.
While it is easy to get caught up in the daily tiring activities of life, always keep in mind that doing something new can be the best thing we can do for ourselves. So we'd better make the wise choice.
A. However, it is also good for our body.
B. It can help us expand our social connections.
C. Luckily there are practical tips to make a change.
D. New experiences are critical for overcoming fears.
E. Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking.
F. Every new experience contributes to our personal growth.
G. And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing.
【答案】G；E；A；B；C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】
1. 由上文"Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine.(孩子们几乎每天都能体验到新经历带来的快乐和惊奇。然而，对于许多成年人来说，这些情感在日常生活的重复和例行公事中消失了)"提出因为重复和例行公事，能带来快乐和惊奇的新体验从成年人的世界消失了，G选项"And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing.(然而，新的经历对我们的整体健康至关重要。)"与上文构成转折有关系，强调了这些新的体验对整体健康的重要性，同时引出下文关于尝试新事物的好处的讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选G。
2. 由上文"Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines.(尝试新事物对我们的大脑有好处。它帮助我们更有创造性地思考，增强自信。它还能帮助我们减压，因为新体验有助于打破有害或负面的习惯)"说明尝试新事物对大脑的好处。E选项"Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking.(尝试新事物也有助于培养灵活的思维。)"承接上文，进一步说明了尝试新事物对思维的好处，与上文构成并列关系。同时，下文"We will consider things from new and different perspectives.(我们会从新的和不同的角度来考虑问题)"对E选项观点进行了具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选E。
3. 由上文"It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health.(显而易见，尝试新事物对我们的心理健康有好处)"是对第二段内容和总结，说明尝试新事物对心理健康有益是显而易见的。A选项"However, it is also good for our body.(然而，这对我们的身体也有好处。)"通过转折词"However"引出下文关于尝试新事物对身体好处的讨论，与上文形成对比。同时，下文"Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health.(参与新的体育活动可以提高我们的身体素质，增强我们的能量水平，并提升我们的整体健康)"是对A选项观点具体论述，上下文语意连贯。故选A。
4. 由上文"Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives.(拥有新体验也可以对我们的社交生活产生积极影响)"提出新体验对社交生活有益。B选项"It can help us expand our social connections.(它能帮助我们拓展社交人脉。)"对上文观点进行举例论证，同时引出下文"When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives.(当我们走出舒适区，参与新的活动时，我们会遇到不同背景和观点的人，这可以拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的生活)"对扩大社交联系益处的具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
5. 由上文"Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different.(然而，打破常规，尝试一些完全不同的东西可能会很可怕)"指出尝试新事物可能会让人感到害怕。C选项"Luckily there are practical tips to make a change.(幸运的是，有一些切实可行的建议可以带来改变。)"通过"Luckily"引出下文关于如何开始尝试新事物的具体建议，下文"Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps.(从小事开始，把目标分解成更小的步骤)"建议尝试新事物要从小事开始，上下文语意连贯。故选C。
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尝试新事物对人们的好处以及如何开始尝试新事物。备选项的中文意思：
A. 然而，这对我们的身体也有好处。
B. 它能帮助我们拓展社交人脉。
C. 幸运的是，有一些切实可行的建议可以带来改变。
D. 新的经历对于克服恐惧至关重要。
E. 尝试新事物也有助于培养灵活的思维。
F. 每一次新的经历都有助于我们的个人成长。
G. 然而，新的经历对我们的整体健康至关重要。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。任务型阅读空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
九、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高一上·余姚期中）Amy is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission. A doll 41． since childhood, she has created A Doll Like Me.
The aim of this 42． is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 43． conditions. Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and 44． . To do so, Amy goes out of her way to make each doll 45． the child. Each doll is unique, 46． they still have one thing in common — all dolls wear a smile. Not only beautiful, the dolls make a 47． in the lives of hundreds of children.
"Typically, parents pay for the dolls — about $ 100 with shipping per doll. When they can't afford it, I'll find a way to 48． it myself. Whatever it costs, whatever I have to do, I'm going to get a doll in the 49． of these children. "
A Doll Like Me has provided over 300 dolls so far which have been 50． to children all around the world. Amy's 51． goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll 52． .
And many people are responding 53． to her mission, as she has already reached $ 38,000 out of $50, 000 goal on GoFund. me. Amy is already cooperating with a children's 54． to make it easier to identify kids whose well-being could be 55． by a stuffed toy which looks just like them!
41．A．designer B．creator C．collector D．trader
42．A．project B．idea C．research D．technology
43．A．rare B．good C．ripe D．extreme
44．A．tired B．available C．powerful D．included
45．A．work with B．look like C．accept D．recognize
46．A．yet B．so C．because D．or
47．A．wish B．deal C．plan D．difference
48．A．win B．cover C．sell D．use
49．A．friends B．eyes C．hands D．dreams
50．A．awarded B．shipped C．returned D．mentioned
51．A．open B．common C．final D．commercial
52．A．in person B．for fun C．free of charge D．full of hope
53．A．calmly B．honestly C．politely D．kindly
54．A．school B．toyshop C．shelter D．hospital
55．A．sponsored B．improved C．guaranteed D．supported
【答案】41．C；42．A；43．A；44．D；45．B；46．A；47．D；48．B；49．C；50．B；51．C；52．C；53．D；54．D；55．B
【知识点】新闻报道类；社会现象类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文（新闻报道）。文章主要介绍了Amy创建的一个"像我一样的娃娃"的公司项目，为残疾的或有罕见疾病的孩子定制跟孩子有相同特征的娃娃，使孩子感到自己被需要、被包容，从而对其生活产生积极影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：她从小就是娃娃收藏家，她创建了"像我一样的娃娃"（这个项目）。A. designer设计师；B. creator创造者；C. collector收藏家；D. trader商人。根据句中的since childhood可推知，Amy从小收藏洋娃娃，是一个洋娃娃收藏家（collector）。故选C。
42．句意：这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。A. project项目；B. idea理念；C. research研究；D. technology技术。根据第一段"Amy is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission. A doll ____1____ since childhood, she has created A Doll Like Me. (艾米是一家小公司的老板，她有一个非常美好的使命。她从小就是娃娃收藏家，她创建了‘像我一样的娃娃'（这个项目）。)"可知，Amy的公司有一个项目，A Doll Like Me，这是一个为患残疾或罕见病的孩子制作洋娃娃的项目（project）。故选A。
43．句意：这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。A. rare稀有的；B. good好的；C. ripe成熟的；D. extreme极端的。根据下文"A Doll Like Me has provided over 300 dolls so far which have been ____10____ to children all around the world. Amy's ____11____ goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll ____12____. (到目前为止，‘像我这样的娃娃'这个项目已经提供了300多个娃娃，这些娃娃已经被运送到世界各地的孩子们手中。)"可知，世界各地生病的孩子有很多，不是生病的孩子就可以得到娃娃，说明得到娃娃的是患有罕见（rare）疾病的孩子。故选A。
44．句意：艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。A. tired疲惫的；B. available可用的；C. powerful强大的；D. included包括在内的。根据上一句"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。)"可知，身患残疾或某些罕见疾病的孩子，身体特征与其他孩子不同，下文"To do so, Amy goes out of her way to make each doll ____5____ the child. Each doll is unique, ____6____ they still have one thing in common — all dolls wear a smile.( 艾米想尽办法让每个娃娃看起来都像这个孩子。每个娃娃都是独一无二的，但它们有一个共同点——所有的娃娃都带着微笑。)"可知，这些娃娃的身体特征和生病的或者残疾的孩子一样，使孩子产生同理心，通过陪伴娃娃，孩子产生被需要和被包容的感觉，从而开心起来。included符合语境。故选D。
45．句意：艾米想尽办法让每个娃娃看起来都像这个孩子。A. work with与……共事；B. look like看起来像；C. accept接受；D. recognize识别。根据第一段"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。)"可知，Amy制作的娃娃的身体特征像（look like）定制娃娃的孩子。故选B。
46．句意：每个娃娃都是独一无二的，但它们有一个共同点——所有的娃娃都带着微笑。A. yet然而；B. so所以；C. because因为；D. or或。根据上文"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and ____4____. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。)"可知，那些孩子有疾病或者残疾，可能生活中感到孤独，被排挤，导致心情不好，根据本句中all dolls wear a smile，上下文为转折关系，yet符合语境。故选A。
47．句意：这些娃娃不仅漂亮，还改变了数百个孩子的生活。A. wish希望；B. deal交易；C. plan计划；D. difference差异。根据上文"Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and ____4____. (艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。)"可知，拥有娃娃以后的孩子感受到被需要，被包容，对孩子产生了好的影响。此处考查动词短语make a difference，意为"有影响，有关系"。故选D。
48．句意：当他们付不起的时候，我会想办法自己支付。 A. win赢；B. cover支付；C. sell出售；D. use使用。根据上文"Typically, parents pay for the dolls-about $ 100 with shipping per doll. (通常情况下，父母支付每个娃娃大约100美元的运费。)"，以及本句中的When they can't afford it，可知，Amy帮助无支付能力的父母买单，cover符合语境。故选B。
49．句意：无论付出什么代价，无论我必须做什么，我都要让这些孩子们手里有一个娃娃。A. friends朋友；B. eyes眼睛；C. hands手；D. dreams梦想。根据下文"Amy's ____11____ goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll ____12____. (艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。)"可知，这个项目的目标是每个有需要的孩子手头（hand）都有一个娃娃。故选C。
50．句意：到目前为止，"像我这样的娃娃"（这个项目）已经提供了300多个娃娃，这些娃娃已经被运送到世界各地的孩子们手中。A. awarded授予；B. shipped发货；C. returned返回；D. mentioned提及。根据句中的children all around the world可知，需要娃娃的孩子来自世界各地，故Amy把完成了的娃娃运送（shipped）出去。故选B。
51．句意：艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。A. open开放的；B. common普通的；C. final最终的；D. commercial商业的。根据句中的turn her small business into an official non-profit organization可知，把"像我这样的娃娃"（这个项目）做大做强，发展成正式的非营利组织是Amy的终极（final）目标。故选C。
52．句意：艾米的最终目标是把她的小生意变成一个正式的非营利组织，每个有需要的孩子都可以免费得到他们独一无二的玩具。A. in person亲自；B. for fun为了好玩；C. free of charge免费；D. full of hope充满希望。根据上文"Typically, parents pay for the dolls — about $ 100 with shipping per doll. When they can't afford it, I'll find a way to ____8____ it myself. (通常情况下，父母会支付每个娃娃大约100美元的运费。他们付不起的时候，我会想办法自己支付。)"可知，起步阶段，每个娃娃是收费的，根据本句中non-profit organization，Amy希望可以在将来能让有需求的孩子免费（free of charge）得到一个娃娃。故选C。
53．句意：许多人都对她的任务做出了友好的回应，因为她已经在GoFund.me上（筹到）了5万美元的目标中的3.8万美元。A. calmly冷静地；B. honestly诚实地；C. politely礼貌地；D. kindly友善地。根据本句后半句可知，Amy的目标为5万美元，现在已经达到3.8万，说明很多人对这事很友善（kindly），愿意帮忙。故选D。
54．句意：艾米已经在和一家儿童医院合作，以更容易识别出那些健康状况可以通过一个看起来像他们的填充玩具来改善的孩子！A. school学校；B. toyshop玩具店；C. shelter庇护所；D. hospital医院。根据上文"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。)"可知，得到娃娃的孩子身患罕见疾病或残疾，这些孩子可能会在儿童医院（hospital）。故选D。
55．句意：艾米已经在和一家儿童医院合作，以更容易识别出那些健康状况可以通过一个看起来像他们的填充玩具来改善的孩子！A. sponsored赞助；B. improved改进；C. guaranteed保证；D. supported支持。根据上文"The aim of this ____2____ is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or ____3____ conditions. Amy created such dolls to make the children feel needed and ____4____. (这个项目的目的是创造出与残疾或罕见疾病的主人具有相同特征的娃娃。艾米创造这样的娃娃是为了让孩子们感到被需要和被包容。)"，"Not only beautiful, the dolls make a ____7____ in the lives of hundreds of children. (这些娃娃不仅漂亮，还改变了数百个孩子的生活。)"可知，因为这些娃娃的陪伴，这些生病的或者残疾的孩子内心有被需要、被包容的感觉，从而影响其心情，改善了（improved）健康状况。故选B。
十、第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024高一上·余姚期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Shadow puppetry (皮影戏), also called shadow play, got 56． (it) start thousands of years ago in China and India. This unique form of storytelling is the 57． (old) type of puppetry in the world .
Shadow puppets are figures that 58． (place) between a light and a screen. Moving them creates the illusion (假象) of moving pictures on the screen. 59． experienced puppeteer can make figures appear to walk, talk, fight and dance.
China, India, Indonesia and Turkey have been very important in the 60． (develop) of this art form over time. The types of stories 61． (tell) with shadow puppetry vary from country to country.
For example, in China, shadow plays are usually based on Chinese folk tales.
Traditional Chinese shadow puppets are made out of animal skin. Today, you might see different kinds of shadow puppets, many of 62． also contain paper, plastic, wood or cloth. There's really no end to how creative puppeteers can be when 63． (make) their puppets.
Shadow puppets are usually constructed from separate 64． (piece) that are then put together with strings or wires. The strings or wires are usually attached 65． long sticks that the puppeteer will use to control the movement of the puppet.
【答案】56．its；57．oldest；58．are placed；59．An；60．development；61．told；62．which；63．making；64．pieces；65．to
【知识点】动词的语态；形容词性物主代词；形容词最高级；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统艺术皮影戏的特点，发展以及制作等等。【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及代词，形容词，时态，语态，主谓一致，冠词，名词，非谓语动词，定语从句以及介词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
56．句意：皮影戏，也叫影子戏，几千年前在中国和印度开始。it，它，人称代词主格/宾格。空处在句中做前置定语修饰start，空处表示"它的"，its，形容词性物主代词，符合语境。故填its。
57．句意：这种独特的讲故事方式是世界上最古老的木偶戏。old，古老的/旧的，形容词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词短语type of puppetry，分析句子语境可知，空处表示"最古老的"，故空处应用其最高级形式。故填oldest。
58．句意：皮影木偶是放置在灯光和屏幕之间的人物。place， 名词（地方/地点/位置/职位/座位），动词（放置/安置/安排/发出）。空处为that引导的定语从句的谓语，此处陈述客观事实，故谓语时态为一般现在时，动词place与主语figures（定语从句的先行词）之间为被动关系，故谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/ is/are+动词的过去分词，根据主谓一致原则，主语figures为复数，be动词应用are。故填are placed。
59．句意：一个有经验的木偶师可以使木偶看起来像走路、说话、打架和跳舞。此处为表示泛指"一个有经验的木偶师"，且空后experienced以元音音素发音开头，应用不定冠词an，句首单词首字母应大写。故填An。
60．句意：随着时间的推移，中国、印度、印度尼西亚和土耳其对这种艺术形式的发展非常重要。develop，发展，动词。空处在句中作介词in的宾语，空处表示"发展"，development，不可数名词，符合语境。故填development。
61．句意：皮影戏讲述的故事类型因国家而异。tell， 告诉/告知/讲述/说/吩咐/命令/辨别/区分，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中作后置定语修饰名词stories，动词tell与其逻辑主语stories构成逻辑上的被动关系，故空处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填told。
62．句意：今天，你可能会看到不同种类的皮影，其中许多还包含纸，塑料，木头或布。此处为many of后接关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词shadow puppets指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。
63．句意：在制作木偶时，木偶师的创造力是无穷无尽的。make，制作/使，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中做状语，动词make与其逻辑主语puppeteers构成逻辑上的主动关系，故空处应用现在分词作状语。故填making。
64．句意：皮影戏通常由分开的部分组成，然后用绳子或电线组合在一起。piece， 片/块/段/截/标准的量/碎片/零件，可数名词。空处为定语从句的先行词，根据主谓一致原则以及are可知，应用其复数形式。故填pieces。
65．句意：绳子或电线通常连接在长棒上，木偶操纵者将用它来控制木偶的运动。此处表示"被固定在……上"，be attached to，固定短语，符合语境。故填to。
十一、根据首字母提示填空，每空一词。
66．（2024高一上·余姚期中）In that special year, all the doctors fought against the virus with great courage and d .(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】determination
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在那个特殊的一年里，所有的医生都以极大的勇气和决心与病毒作斗争。根据"all the doctors fought against the virus with great courage"以及首字母提示可知，医生们用勇气和决心与病毒斗争，故空处表示"决心"，determination，不可数名词，在句中做介词with的宾语。故填determination。【点评】考查名词determination的识记运用。注意：首先通读句子，理解句子的整体意思和语境，再根据句子的语法结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性是否为名词，如果空处应填入名词，根据句子的要求和提示词，确定名词的具体形式（如单复数、所有格等）。检查名词与冠词、代词、形容词等的搭配是否正确，将确定好的名词形式填入空格处，并检查句子的语法和语义是否正确。
67．（2024高一上·余姚期中）As a matter of fact, I have never thought of myself as a f even though my studies seem to make no progress. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】failure
【知识点】可数名词；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：事实上，我从来没有认为自己是一个失败者，即使我的研究似乎没有取得进展。根据" I have never thought of myself as a...even though my studies seem to make no progress. "以及首字母提示可知，我不认为我是一个失败者，故空处表示"失败者/失败的人"，failure，表示此意义时为可数名词，空处被a修饰，应用其单数形式。故填failure。
【点评】考查名词failure的识记运用。注意：名词在句子中常需要根据语境进行形式上的变化，如单复数、所有格等。在填空时，首先要根据句子的意思和语法规则判断应填入的名词形式。例如，若句子中提到多个相同的事物，则名词需用复数形式；若表示所属关系，则需使用名词所有格。
68．（2024高一上·余姚期中）Why am I still coughing after q smoking (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】quitting
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：为什么我戒烟后还咳嗽？根据" Why am I still coughing after... smoking "以及首字母提示可知，此处质疑戒烟后的咳嗽症状，故空处表示"停止，戒掉"，quit，动词，空处在作介词after的宾语，应用其动名词形式。故填quitting。
【点评】考查动词quit的识记运用以及非谓语动词（动名词）。注意：动名词在句子中可以担任多种成分，理解其句法功能是解题的关键。动名词短语可以作句子的主语，此时谓语通常用单数形式。作宾语，许多动词和介词后面都可以接动名词作宾语，常见的能接动名词作宾语的动词有admit、appreciate、avoid、advise等。动名词可以作连系动词的表语，说明主语的内容、性质或特征。动名词可以作前置定语或后置定语，修饰名词。
69．（2024高一上·余姚期中）After a long journey, I have hardly enough s left to move my feet. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】stren
