(共41张PPT)
Period 4
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
主题语境
人与社会 —— 科幻小说
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
复习被动语态
一、被动语态的概念及构成
1．概念：英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。如果主语是动作的发出者，动词就用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就用被动语态。
2．构成：被动语态由“be＋动词过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在助动词be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
二、各种时态的被动语态
一般式 进行式 完成式
现在 am/is/ are done am/is/are being done has/have
been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been
done
将来 shall/will be done 无 shall/will
have been done
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
A lot of skills are needed for the job.(一般现在时的被动语态)
做这项工作需要很多技能。
It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty.(一般过去时的被动语态)
它在唐朝最初是为了保护城市而建造的。
A new railway will be built in this city next year.(一般将来时的被动语态)
这个城市明年将修建一条新铁路。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
I feel that not enough is being done to protect the local animal life.(现在进行时的被动语态)
我觉得对当地野生动物的保护力度不够。
三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
1．否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree.
得知不会获得博士学位，他失望透顶。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动，这时的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
＝He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
His words made me throw up．
＝I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
[名师点津] 在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中不能省略。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语，保留直接宾语。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
＝An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
＝I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
4．短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉动词后面的介词或副词。
The naughty child was often laughed at．
那个调皮的小孩经常被嘲笑。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[即时训练1]——单句语法填空
①Some words and phrases _________ (use) to compare and contrast information.
②It is a great relief to hear that all the work _________________ (finish) by now.
③Some volunteers __________ (send) to the remote village next term to help improve the education there.
are used
has been finished
will be sent
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
④The idea ______________ (support) by those who wished to make much money.
⑤My classmates and I went to the museum last Monday，only to be told that it _____________________(decorate).
was supported
was being decorated
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
四、非谓语动词的被动形式及用法
1．动词不定式的被动形式及用法
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动式可分为一般式和完成式。
时态 被动结构 用法
一般式 to be done 表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生的被动动作
完成式 to have been done 表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
It is a great honor to be invited to host the opening ceremony.
很荣幸被邀请主持开幕式。
He is said to have been admitted to Tsinghua University.
据说他已经被清华大学录取了。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
2．动词-ing形式的被动形式及用法
时态 被动结构 用法
一般式 being done 被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生
完成式 having been done 被动的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
The bridge being built now was designed by a famous designer.
现在正修建的桥是一位著名的设计师设计的。
Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistakes.
已经被告知多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。
What made his parents happy was his being admitted to a famous university.
让他父母高兴的是他被一所名牌大学录取了。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[即时训练2]——单句语法填空
①The next thing ___________(do) is to clean the classroom.
②Sometimes_______________ (understand) is not an easy job.
③_____________ (adapt) by a key university is difficult for him.
④The museum _____________ (repair) will be reopened to visitors next year.
⑤She doesn't remember _________________________ (give) a chance to go abroad.
to be done
to be understood
To be adopted
being repaired
having been given/being given
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
五、难点突破
1．主动语态表示被动意义
(1)连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，remain，seem，hear，appear，prove等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
The food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来美味可口。
What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging.
他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(2)当wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。
The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.
父亲送给我的作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(3)need，want，require，deserve等后接动词-ing形式时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
His hair needs cutting．
＝His hair needs to be cut．
他的头发需要剪了。
(4)be worth doing是主动形式表示被动意义。
The novel is worth reading again．
＝The novel is worthy to be read again．
这部小说值得再读一次。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
2．动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的两种情况
(1)在“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”句型中，形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这样的形容词常见的有：amusing，comfortable，dangerous，difficult，easy，fit，hard，important，impossible，interesting，nice，pleasant，funny等。
The water is not fit to drink，so hold out until we get to the shop.
这水不能喝，所以坚持住，直到我们到达商店。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(2)某些动词，如blame，let(出租)等的不定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
The house is to let．
此房出租。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[即时训练3]——单句语法填空
①This problem is difficult ________ (work) out.
②I have a lot of things ______ (do) this afternoon.
③The blackboard needs _____________________(clean) before the next class starts.
④The broken window wants _____________________ (repair).
⑤This idea is well worth ___________ (consider).
to work
to do
cleaning/to be cleaned
repairing/to be repaired
considering
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
短文语境填空
In Alaska，the wolf seemed 1．_____________ (disappear) a few years ago，because hundreds of them 2．____________(kill) by hunters for sport.However，laws 3．_________________(establish) to protect the wolves.So the wolf population has greatly increased.Now there are so many wolves that their own food supplies 4．_____________________(destroy) by themselves.
to disappear
were killed
were established
are being destroyed
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
Animals in the deer family 5．_________ (eat) by wolves naturally. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food.Many of the animals 6．__________________(destroy) by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life. When the deer can't find enough food，they 7．________ (die).
are eaten
have been destroyed
(will) die
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物) 8．____________(disappear) some day.And the wolves will，too.So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology.If more wolves 9．____________(hunt)，we would save them and their prey from dying out.We'd also save some farm animals.
will disappear
were hunted
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
In another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for food.Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem.It 10．__________(believe) that it is necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population.
is believed
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
课下预习 第二篇课文(Using Language)
①leather n．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套
②lever n．操纵杆；杠杆
③panel n．控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
④inch n．英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)
⑤backwards adv.向后；倒着；往回
⑥trick vt.欺骗；欺诈n.诡计；花招；骗局
⑦or so大约；左右
⑧grip vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧
⑨hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
⑩niece n．侄女；外甥女
fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
handkerchief n．手帕；纸巾
apparently adv.看来；显然
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
skip vi.快速转移；蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳vt.不做(应做的事等)；不参加n．蹦跳
winding adj.弯曲的；蜿蜒的
pace n．速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏
division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
puff n．(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
melt vt.& vi.(使)熔化，融化
urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
random adj.随机的；不可思议的
risk n．危险；风险；危险人物 vt.冒……的风险；面临危险
maximum adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度
occupy vt.使用，占用(空间、面积、时间等)
explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破
jolt n．震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.& vi.(使)震动；摇晃
flip vt.& vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷
mud n．泥；泥浆
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
THE TIME MACHINE(Adapted)
It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.I gave it a last check，and sat myself in the leather① seat.I pushed the starting lever② on the main panel③ forwards an inch④ then immediately backwards⑤ again.Looking around [1]，I saw my laboratory exactly as before.Had anything happened？I thought my mind had tricked⑥ me.Then I saw the clock.A moment before，it was a minute or so⑦ past ten；now it was nearly half past three!
[1]动词-ing形式短语Looking around在句中作时间状语，它相当于一个时间状语从句：“When I looked around”。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
I drew a breath，gripped⑧ the lever and pushed it forwards.The laboratory went hazy⑨ around me.My niece⑩ came in to fetch something，maybe her handkerchief ，apparently without seeing me.It probably took her a minute [2]，but to me she moved like a rocket！I pushed the lever further.Night came as if a lamp was being turned out ，and in another moment came the day[3].Tomorrow night came，then skipped to day，again and again，faster and faster still.
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[2]本句是“It takes/took＋sb.＋some time＋to do sth.”句型，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to do sth.。本句中省略了动词不定式短语to fetch it。
[3]本句是一个完全倒装句，正常语序应为：the day came in another moment。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling.It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.[4]As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air.The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky[5]，but soon there was division between night and day.Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke[6]；they grew，spread，and died in moments.I saw huge buildings rise up，then disappear like in a dream.The whole surface of the earth was being changed，melting and flowing before my eyes.I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[4]在该句中It是代词，指代前面的“feeling of time travelling”；I was being driven fast on a winding road是介词like的宾语。
[5]as if引导的从句作连系动词looked的表语。
[6]该句包含see...doing...结构，其中动词-ing形式短语growing like puffs of smoke作宾语补足语。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times.So long as I travelled at maximum speed [7]，it didn't matter.But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb！Like an impatient fool，I pulled the lever backwards hard.With a sudden jolt ， the Time Machine was flipped on its side，and I was thrown through the air.
[7]So long as引导条件状语从句。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
I was stunned for a moment，and then heard the sound of thunder.I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine.“A fine welcome，” I said，“for a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here[8]！”
[8]a man是先行词，who引导定语从句。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
《时间机器》(改编版)
就在今天上午十点钟，所有时间机器中的第一台开始运行了。我对它进行了最后一次检查，然后坐在了皮椅上。我把主控制板上的操纵杆向前推了一英寸，然后又立即向后推。环顾四周，我看到我的实验室和以前一模一样。发生什么事了吗？我以为我的思想欺骗了我。然后我看了下时钟。刚才，大约是十点多一分钟；现在已经快三点半了！
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
我吸了一口气，抓住操纵杆，把它向前推。实验室在我周围变得模糊不清。我侄女进来拿东西，也许是她的手帕，她显然没看见我。她可能花了一分钟，但对我来说她像火箭一样移动！我把操纵杆推得更远了。夜幕降临，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼降临了。第二天夜晚降临，接着又跃进到白天，如此反复，越来越快。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
时间旅行的奇怪和不愉快的感觉很难解释。感觉好像我在一条蜿蜒的路上开快车。随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失了，我被留在了露天里。太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛向了天空，但很快就有了白天和黑夜的区分。在我的周围，我看见树木像青烟在升起；它们不断生长，蔓延开来，然后死去。我看到巨大的建筑拔地而起，然后像在梦中一样消失。地球的整个表面正在改变，在我眼前融化、流动。我计算了一下，我是以每分钟几百年的速度被时间推着度过的。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前闪现的那些随机的东西！我曾多次考虑过停止时间机器的风险。只要我以最快的速度旅行，那就没关系。但如果我停下来，同一个空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！我像个不耐烦的傻瓜，使劲向后拉操纵杆。突然一震，时光机侧翻了，我被抛向了空中。
我一时惊呆了，然后听到了雷声。我在雨中坐在机器旁的泥泞里。“热烈欢迎，”我说，“对于一个旅行数千年而到这里的人来说！”
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
THANKSPeriod 4 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
复习被动语态
一、被动语态的概念及构成
1．概念：英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。如果主语是动作的发出者，动词就用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就用被动语态。
2．构成：被动语态由“be＋动词过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在助动词be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
二、各种时态的被动语态
一般式 进行式 完成式
现在 am/is/ are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done 无 shall/will have been done
A lot of skills are needed for the job.(一般现在时的被动语态)
做这项工作需要很多技能。
It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty.(一般过去时的被动语态)
它在唐朝最初是为了保护城市而建造的。
A new railway will be built in this city next year.(一般将来时的被动语态)
这个城市明年将修建一条新铁路。
I feel that not enough is being done to protect the local animal life.(现在进行时的被动语态)
我觉得对当地野生动物的保护力度不够。
三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
1．否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree.
得知不会获得博士学位，他失望透顶。
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动，这时的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
＝He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
His words made me throw up．
＝I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
[名师点津] 在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中不能省略。
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语，保留直接宾语。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
＝An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
＝I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
4．短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉动词后面的介词或副词。
The naughty child was often laughed at．
那个调皮的小孩经常被嘲笑。
[即时训练1]——单句语法填空
①Some words and phrases _________ (use) to compare and contrast information.
②It is a great relief to hear that all the work ___________________ (finish) by now.
③Some volunteers ______________ (send) to the remote village next term to help improve the education there.
④The idea ______________ (support) by those who wished to make much money.
⑤My classmates and I went to the museum last Monday，only to be told that it _____________________(decorate).
四、非谓语动词的被动形式及用法
1．动词不定式的被动形式及用法
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动式可分为一般式和完成式。
时态 被动结构 用法
一般式 to be done 表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生的被动动作
完成式 to have been done 表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作
It is a great honor to be invited to host the opening ceremony.
很荣幸被邀请主持开幕式。
He is said to have been admitted to Tsinghua University.
据说他已经被清华大学录取了。
2．动词-ing形式的被动形式及用法
时态 被动结构 用法
一般式 being done 被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生
完成式 having been done 被动的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
The bridge being built now was designed by a famous designer.
现在正修建的桥是一位著名的设计师设计的。
Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistakes.
已经被告知多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。
What made his parents happy was his being admitted to a famous university.
让他父母高兴的是他被一所名牌大学录取了。
[即时训练2]——单句语法填空
①The next thing ____________(do) is to clean the classroom.
②Sometimes____________________ (understand) is not an easy job.
③_______________ (adapt) by a key university is difficult for him.
④The museum _______________ (repair) will be reopened to visitors next year.
⑤She doesn't remember _________________________________ (give) a chance to go abroad.
五、难点突破
1．主动语态表示被动意义
(1)连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，remain，seem，hear，appear，prove等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
The food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来美味可口。
What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging.
他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。
(2)当wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。
The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.
父亲送给我的作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。
(3)need，want，require，deserve等后接动词-ing形式时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
His hair needs cutting．
＝His hair needs to be cut．
他的头发需要剪了。
(4)be worth doing是主动形式表示被动意义。
The novel is worth reading again．
＝The novel is worthy to be read again．
这部小说值得再读一次。
2．动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的两种情况
(1)在“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”句型中，形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这样的形容词常见的有：amusing，comfortable，dangerous，difficult，easy，fit，hard，important，impossible，interesting，nice，pleasant，funny等。
The water is not fit to drink，so hold out until we get to the shop.
这水不能喝，所以坚持住，直到我们到达商店。
(2)某些动词，如blame，let(出租)等的不定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
The house is to let．
此房出租。
[即时训练3]——单句语法填空
①This problem is difficult ________ (work) out.
②I have a lot of things ______ (do) this afternoon.
③The blackboard needs _________________________(clean) before the next class starts.
④The broken window wants ___________________________ (repair).
⑤This idea is well worth ___________ (consider).
短文语境填空
In Alaska，the wolf seemed 1．_____________ (disappear) a few years ago，because hundreds of them 2．____________(kill) by hunters for sport.However，laws 3．_________________(establish) to protect the wolves.So the wolf population has greatly increased.Now there are so many wolves that their own food supplies 4．________________(destroy) by themselves.
Animals in the deer family 5．__________ (eat) by wolves naturally.People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food.Many of the animals 6．________________(destroy) by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life.When the deer can't find enough food，they 7．_______________(die).
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物) 8．__________(disappear) some day.And the wolves will，too.So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology.If more wolves 9．________(hunt)，we would save them and their prey from dying out.We'd also save some farm animals.
In another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for food.Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem.It 10．____________(believe) that it is necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population.
第二篇课文(Using Language)
①leather n．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套
②lever n．操纵杆；杠杆
③panel n．控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
④inch n．英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)
⑤backwards adv.向后；倒着；往回
⑥trick vt.欺骗；欺诈n.诡计；花招；骗局
⑦or so大约；左右
⑧grip vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧
⑨hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
⑩niece n．侄女；外甥女
fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
handkerchief n．手帕；纸巾
apparently adv.看来；显然
turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
skip vi.快速转移；蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳vt.不做(应做的事等)；不参加 n．蹦跳
winding adj.弯曲的；蜿蜒的
pace n．速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏
division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
puff n．(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
melt vt.& vi.(使)熔化，融化
urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
random adj.随机的；不可思议的
risk n．危险；风险；危险人物 vt.冒……的风险；面临危险
maximum adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度
occupy vt.使用，占用(空间、面积、时间等)
explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破
jolt n．震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.& vi.(使)震动；摇晃
flip vt.& vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷
mud n．泥；泥浆
THE TIME MACHINE(Adapted)
It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.I gave it a last check，and sat myself in the leather① seat.I pushed the starting lever② on the main panel③ forwards an inch④ then immediately backwards⑤ again.Looking around [1]，I saw my laboratory exactly as before.Had anything happened？I thought my mind had tricked⑥ me.Then I saw the clock.A moment before，it was a minute or so⑦ past ten；now it was nearly half past three!
[1]动词-ing形式短语Looking around在句中作时间状语，它相当于一个时间状语从句：“When I looked around”。
I drew a breath，gripped⑧ the lever and pushed it forwards.The laboratory went hazy⑨ around me.My niece⑩ came in to fetch something，maybe her handkerchief ，apparently without seeing me.It probably took her a minute [2]，but to me she moved like a rocket！I pushed the lever further.Night came as if a lamp was being turned out ，and in another moment came the day[3].Tomorrow night came，then skipped to day，again and again，faster and faster still.
[2]本句是“It takes/took＋sb.＋some time＋to do sth.”句型，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to do sth.。本句中省略了动词不定式短语to fetch it。
[3]本句是一个完全倒装句，正常语序应为：the day came in another moment。
It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling.It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.[4]As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air.The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky[5]，but soon there was division between night and day.Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke[6]；they grew，spread，and died in moments.I saw huge buildings rise up，then disappear like in a dream.The whole surface of the earth was being changed，melting and flowing before my eyes.I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
[4]在该句中It是代词，指代前面的“feeling of time travelling”；I was being driven fast on a winding road是介词like的宾语。
[5]as if引导的从句作连系动词looked的表语。
[6]该句包含see...doing...结构，其中动词-ing形式短语growing like puffs of smoke作宾语补足语。
I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times.So long as I travelled at maximum speed [7]，it didn't matter.But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb！Like an impatient fool，I pulled the lever backwards hard.With a sudden jolt ， the Time Machine was flipped on its side，and I was thrown through the air.
[7]So long as引导条件状语从句。
I was stunned for a moment，and then heard the sound of thunder.I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine.“A fine welcome，” I said，“for a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here[8]！”
[8]a man是先行词，who引导定语从句。
《时间机器》(改编版)
就在今天上午十点钟，所有时间机器中的第一台开始运行了。我对它进行了最后一次检查，然后坐在了皮椅上。我把主控制板上的操纵杆向前推了一英寸，然后又立即向后推。环顾四周，我看到我的实验室和以前一模一样。发生什么事了吗？我以为我的思想欺骗了我。然后我看了下时钟。刚才，大约是十点多一分钟；现在已经快三点半了！
我吸了一口气，抓住操纵杆，把它向前推。实验室在我周围变得模糊不清。我侄女进来拿东西，也许是她的手帕，她显然没看见我。她可能花了一分钟，但对我来说她像火箭一样移动！我把操纵杆推得更远了。夜幕降临，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼降临了。第二天夜晚降临，接着又跃进到白天，如此反复，越来越快。
时间旅行的奇怪和不愉快的感觉很难解释。感觉好像我在一条蜿蜒的路上开快车。随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失了，我被留在了露天里。太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛向了天空，但很快就有了白天和黑夜的区分。在我的周围，我看见树木像青烟在升起；它们不断生长，蔓延开来，然后死去。我看到巨大的建筑拔地而起，然后像在梦中一样消失。地球的整个表面正在改变，在我眼前融化、流动。我计算了一下，我是以每分钟几百年的速度被时间推着度过的。
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前闪现的那些随机的东西！我曾多次考虑过停止时间机器的风险。只要我以最快的速度旅行，那就没关系。但如果我停下来，同一个空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！我像个不耐烦的傻瓜，使劲向后拉操纵杆。突然一震，时光机侧翻了，我被抛向了空中。
我一时惊呆了，然后听到了雷声。我在雨中坐在机器旁的泥泞里。“热烈欢迎，”我说，“对于一个旅行数千年而到这里的人来说！”
Period 4
单元语法
[即时训练1]
①are used ②has been finished ③will be sent ④was supported ⑤was being decorated
[即时训练2]
①to be done ②to be understood ③To be adopted
④being repaired ⑤having been given/being given
[即时训练3]
①to work ②to do ③cleaning/to be cleaned
④repairing/to be repaired ⑤considering
巩固落实
1．to disappear 2．were killed 3．were established 4．are being destroyed 5．are eaten 6．have been destroyed
7．(will) die 8．will disappear 9．were hunted
10．is believed
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