(共49张PPT)
Period 4
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
主题语境
人与自然 —— 人与环境、人与动植物
课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
1．distribution n．分布；分配；分发
(1)distribution to/among 分发给
(2)distribute vt. 分配；分发
distribute sth.to/among 把某物分配/发给……
distribute...into... 把……分成……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Our catalogue lists all our books that are available for general ____________(distribute).
②The foods and drinks will _______________(distribute) among the children.
③图书馆的书按科目分类。
The books in the library _______________________________．
distribution
be distributed
are distributed according to subject
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
2．license vt.批准；许可n.许可证；执照
license sb.to do sth. 允许或批准某人做某事
be licensed for 获准……
under license 许可；特许
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He ought not to have been licensed __ fly a plane.
②The company expects that the drug will be licensed ___ use in that country within the next year.
③然后从2006年至今，它一直在授权的情况下让另一家公司代工进行生产。
And from 2006 until recently，it _______________________ by another company.
to
for
was produced under license
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
过去分词
一、过去分词作定语
1．意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers 浇过水的花
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
faded jeans 褪色的牛仔裤
the risen sun 升起的太阳
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
2．位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
An awakened nation is invincible.
→A nation that has awakened is invincible.
一个觉醒了的民族是不可战胜的。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[名师点津] (1)过去分词作定语和动词-ing形式作定语的区别：
①语态不同：动词-ing形式表示主动；过去分词通常表示被动。
The question discussed at the meeting was very important.
会上讨论过的那个问题很重要。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是在2016年建的。
②时间不同：动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(2)过去分词(done)、动词-ing形式的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别：
意义 形式 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
二、过去分词作表语
1．意义：表示主语的状态或状况。
The whole world is shocked and sorrowful with the death of Yuan Longping.
全世界对袁隆平的去世感到震惊和悲伤。
2．位置：位于系动词(如be，get，become，look，feel，seem，remain等)之后。
When we got there，we found the door remained locked．
到那里时，我们发现门仍然锁着。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[名师点津] 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态，被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[即时训练1]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and ____________(disappoint).
②Tsinghua University，_______(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
③The players ________(select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
④他的右手在那场大火中被烧伤了。
_____________________ in that big fire.
disappointed
founded
selected
His right hand got burnt
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
1．过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态或表示宾语所承受的动作，宾语就是其逻辑主语。
2．能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有以下三类：
(1)make，get，have，keep等使役动词；
(2)see，hear，feel，find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词；
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(3)like，want，wish，order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词。
When will you go to the hospital and have your teeth examined
你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？
She saw the thief caught by policemen.
她看见小偷被警察抓住了。
The manager doesn't like such questions discussed at the meeting.
经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[名师点津] (1)使役动词have接过去分词作宾语补足语时有两种情况：
①表示有意识的被动；
②表示无意识的被动。
I have my hair cut every month.
我每月理一次发。
He had his leg broken.
他的腿断了。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语的句子如果变为被动语态，该过去分词就作主语补足语。
Almost no student is seen punished in this school.
在这所学校，几乎见不到学生被惩罚。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
四、过去分词作状语
1．意义：过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词。
Discussed many times，the problems were settled at last.
经过多次讨论，问题终于解决了。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
2．功能：过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。它可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。
(1)表示时间，可转换为when，while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
Accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
→When he was accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(2)表示原因，可转换为as，since或because等引导的原因状语从句。
Deeply moved by the story，the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.
→Because they were deeply moved by the story，the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.
激动的人们被那个故事深深地打动了，故而停止了争吵。
(3)表示条件，可转换为if或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Heated，water can be turned into vapour.
→If it is heated，water can be turned into vapour.
水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(4)表示让步，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running，they went on running after the robber.
→Although they were exhausted by the running，they went on running after the robber.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶那个抢匪。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
(5)表示方式或伴随情况，作方式状语时，如有连词as if，可转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。作伴随状语时，一般转换为并列结构。
The old man went into the room，supported by his wife.
→The old man was supported by his wife and went into the room.
那个老人在妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
3．连词＋过去分词：过去分词作时间、条件或让步状语时，为了明确其意义有时可在过去分词前加上when，while，once，if，unless，although等词，相当于状语从句的省略。
If merely drawn on your imagination，the report will not be convincing.
假若仅靠你的想象去写，报告是不会有说服力的。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[名师点津] 有些过去分词(短语)作状语或宾语补足语时不表示被动而表示状态。常见的有：seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，stationed(驻扎)，dressed in(穿着)等。
But what surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the classroom.
但是最让我吃惊的是看到一些村民坐在教室后部的长凳上。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[即时训练2]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①_______(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy has a chance to become famous.
②She couldn't make herself _____(hear) above the noise of the traffic.
③Claire had her luggage _______(check) an hour before her plane left.
④从山顶上看，这公园看起来更美。
________________________，the park looks more beautiful.
⑤由于出生在纽约，他会说一口流利的美式英语。
________________，he can speak fluent American English.
Offered
heard
checked
Seen from the top of the hill
Born in New York
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
短文语境填空
I would like to live in a well-designed house 1．__________ (surround) by walnut trees and which has a garden 2．____(fill) with flowers.3．_______(paint)
yellow and green，the walls of these 4．_________(decorate) rooms would seem larger than they really are.In each room there would be a specially 5．_____
(make) armchair for me to sit in，6．______(place) in the most 7．___________
(comfort) position.In this seat I would have music 8．_____(pipe) in from elsewhere in the house.I would be able to experiment 9．____ music 10．______
(create) by myself in a special room.This would be the well-planned house I would like to live in.
surrounded
filled
Painted
decorated
made
placed
comfortable
piped
with
created
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
课下预习 第二篇课文(Using Language)
①unique adj.唯一的；独一无二的；独特的；特有的
②distribution n.
分布；分配；分发
③tough adj.艰苦的；棘手的；坚强的
④resolve n．决心
⑤individual n．个人
adj.单独的；独特的
⑥pouch n．育儿袋；小袋子；荷包
⑦temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的
⑧phase n．阶段；时期
⑨cute adj.可爱的；漂亮迷人的
⑩encounter n．(意外、突然或暴力的)相遇，邂逅，冲突v.遭遇，遇到
pet v．抚摸；(爱抚地)摩挲n.宠物；宠儿
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
clarify v．使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
sensitive adj.体贴的；善解人意的；感觉敏锐的
panic v．(使)惊慌；惊慌失措n.惊恐；恐慌
trunk n．树干
interaction n．相互作用(影响)；互动(性)
in the interest of为了……的利益
approach v．(在距离或时间上)靠近，接近n.方法，态度
licensed adj.得到正式许可的
session n．一场；一段时间；会议
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
frequency n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率
occasion n．某次；适当的机会；时机；特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)
creature n．生物；动物
come across 偶然发现；偶然遇见
scare v．惊吓；使恐惧n.恐慌；恐惧
despite prep.即使；尽管
violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
duck-billed扁喙的；鸭嘴形的
platypus n．鸭嘴兽，鸭獭
nest n．巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
primitive adj.原始的；远古的；落后的
mammal n．哺乳动物
biology n．生理；生物学
hatch vi.孵出；破壳vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
nurse v．看护，照料(病人或伤者)；喂奶；哺育；吃奶
sense n．感觉官能(即视、听、嗅、味、触五觉)；意识
capacity n．能力；容量
sensor n．(探测光、热、压力等的)传感器
a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
THE AMAZING ANIMALS OF AUSTRALIA
Our topic today is “Creatures Unique① to Australia”，with questions answered by wildlife expert，Dr Jim Smith[1].
[1]with questions answered是“介词＋名词＋过去分词”结构，作状语。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
Australia has lots of unique animals，but which animal is a symbol of the country
It has to be the kangaroo，as it has a wide distribution② throughout the country.It's a tough③ animal that has to survive in a difficult environment.Also，it cannot walk backwards，so it is always moving forwards.This expresses the strength and resolve④ of the Australians as individuals⑤ and as a nation.Baby kangaroos weigh only two grammes at birth.They then find their way into their mother's pouch⑥—a kind of pocket—to stay safe and warm.They sleep and drink milk in that temporary⑦，
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old[2].After this phase⑧，they go out to try their legs.After they learn to jump[3]，they gradually spend less time with their mother and learn to be independent.Kangaroos may look cute⑨ ，but encounters⑩ with them don't always end so well.Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard，so please folks，if you see some kangaroos，remember they're not for petting ！
[2]until用来表示在某个特定的时间之前谓语的动作一直在延续。
[3]after引导时间状语从句。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
Koalas are cute，and we see so many pictures of people holding them.But in many places in Australia，it is against the law to even touch them.Can you clarify that
They are really quite cute，but the truth is，koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment[4].They spend quite a lot of time eating，sleeping，and hanging onto tree trunks ，so interaction with humans can cause them a lot of stress.Because of this，the government began to make laws against touching koalas，in the interest of animal
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
protection，as well as public safety.So，if you see one in the wild，you shouldn't approach it to pick it up or even touch it.If you want to hold a koala，you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions .
[4]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词creatures。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
So，we've talked about some cute animals.What about animals which aren't so cute？[5]
[5]what about用来引述与前面内容相关的话题。which引导定语从句。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
My favourite is a little creature called the Tasmanian devil[6].If you are out camping in Tasmania[7] and come across one，the experience might scare you! Tasmanian devils hunt at night，so you won't usually see them，but you may hear their loud cries when they are fighting or eating.The noise they make[8] could wake the dead.Frightening！They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.They also have a terrible smell！Their diet is mostly dead animals.Fortunately，despite their name，they are generally not violent towards people.
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[6]该处是过去分词短语作名词creature的定语。
[7]该处是动词-ing形式短语作句子的状语。
[8]该处是定语从句，省略了关系代词which或that。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
Australia also has some animals that many people have never heard of[9]，for example，the duck-billed platypus .Is that some kind of bird
[9]该处是定语从句，关系代词that可以省略。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
Not at all.While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird[10]，it's really a primitive mammal ， with a unique biology .Its eggs hatch after about ten days，and then the baby platypus nurses from its mother like all other mammals.Its nose looks like a duck's bill，and it has feet like a duck's so it can dive under the water，but it's covered in hair.Do you know what's really strange about a platypus？The platypus doesn't use its senses of sight or smell to find food.It has a capacity to find food in the water[11] by using electrical sensors in its bill.There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that[12]!
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
[10]连词while在这里引导的是让步状语从句。
[11]动词不定式短语作名词capacity的定语。
[12]关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰先行词animals，此处的关系代词that不能用which替换，因为先行词有only修饰。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
澳大利亚的神奇动物
我们今天的主题是“澳大利亚特有的生物”，
野生动物专家吉姆·史密斯博士回答了我们的问题。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
澳大利亚有很多独特的动物，但是哪种动物是这个国家的象征呢？
它一定是袋鼠，因为它在全国有广泛的分布。它是一种坚强的动物，不得不在困难的环境中生存。而且，它不能后退，所以总是向前走。这表达了澳大利亚人作为个人和国家的力量和决心。袋鼠宝宝出生时只有两克重。然后，它们找到了进入母亲育儿袋——一种口袋的方法——以保持安全和温暖。大约七八个月大之前，它们一直待在那个暂时受保护的环境里睡觉和吃奶。过了这一阶段，它们就会出去试腿。在它们学会跳跃之后，它们逐渐减少了与母亲相处的时间，并学会独立。袋鼠可能看起来很可爱，但与它们的邂逅并不总是那么美好的。袋鼠可以很用力地踢打，所以如果你们看到一些袋鼠，请大家记住它们不是用来抚摸的！
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
考拉很可爱，我们看到很多人抱着它们的照片。但在澳大利亚的许多地方，触碰它们都是违法的。你能澄清一下吗？
它们真的很可爱，但事实是，考拉是非常敏感的生物，它们很容易因为环境的微小变化而惊慌失措。它们花很多时间吃东西、睡觉和挂在树干上，因此与人类的互动会给它们带来很多压力。因此，为了动物保护的利益和公共安全，政府开始制定法律禁止触摸考拉。所以，如果你在野外看到一只，你不应该接近它去捡它，甚至触摸它。如果你想养考拉，你必须去一些得到正式许可的动物园，那里的动物专家要确保为每时节挑选的考拉都处于良好的状态，便于与人接触，并且只在有限的时间和有限的场合领养它们。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
所以，我们已经讨论了一些可爱的动物。那些不那么可爱的动物呢？
我最喜欢的是一种叫塔斯马尼亚恶魔的小生物。如果你在塔斯马尼亚野营时遇到一只，这种经历可能会吓到你！塔斯马尼亚恶魔在晚上狩猎，所以你通常不会看到它们，但你可以听到它们在打架或进食时的大声叫喊。它们发出的声音可以吵醒死人。可怕的！它们和小狗差不多大，看起来像相当大的黑鼠。它们还有一股难闻的气味！它们的饮食主要是死去的动物。幸运的是，尽管它们的名字(不好)，它们一般对人并不暴力。
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
澳大利亚也有一些许多人从未听说过的动物，例如鸭嘴兽。它是某种鸟吗？
根本不是。虽然它可以像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但其实它是一种原始的哺乳动物，有着独特的生物学特性。大约十天后，它的卵孵化出来，然后鸭嘴兽宝宝像所有其他哺乳动物一样从它的母亲那里哺乳。它的鼻子看起来像鸭子的嘴，它的脚像鸭子的脚，所以它可以潜到水下，但它浑身是毛。你知道鸭嘴兽真正奇怪的是什么吗？鸭嘴兽不会用它的视觉或嗅觉来寻找食物。它有能力通过它喙上的电子传感器在水中找到食物。世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！
课时学案
课下预习
Period 4
THANKSPeriod 4 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)
1．distribution n．分布；分配；分发
(1)distribution to/among 分发给
(2)distribute vt. 分配；分发
distribute sth.to/among 把某物分配/发给……
distribute...into... 把……分成……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Our catalogue lists all our books that are available for general ____________(distribute).
②The foods and drinks will _______________(distribute) among the children.
③图书馆的书按科目分类。
The books in the library ________________________________________．
2．license vt.批准；许可n.许可证；执照
license sb.to do sth. 允许或批准某人做某事
be licensed for 获准……
under license 许可；特许
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He ought not to have been licensed __ fly a plane.
②The company expects that the drug will be licensed ___ use in that country within the next year.
③然后从2006年至今，它一直在授权的情况下让另一家公司代工进行生产。
And from 2006 until recently，it _____________________________ by another company.
过去分词
一、过去分词作定语
1．意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers 浇过水的花
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
faded jeans 褪色的牛仔裤
the risen sun 升起的太阳
2．位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
An awakened nation is invincible.
→A nation that has awakened is invincible.
一个觉醒了的民族是不可战胜的。
[名师点津] (1)过去分词作定语和动词-ing形式作定语的区别：
①语态不同：动词-ing形式表示主动；过去分词通常表示被动。
The question discussed at the meeting was very important.
会上讨论过的那个问题很重要。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是在2016年建的。
②时间不同：动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
(2)过去分词(done)、动词-ing形式的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别：
意义 形式 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
二、过去分词作表语
1．意义：表示主语的状态或状况。
The whole world is shocked and sorrowful with the death of Yuan Longping.
全世界对袁隆平的去世感到震惊和悲伤。
2．位置：位于系动词(如be，get，become，look，feel，seem，remain等)之后。
When we got there，we found the door remained locked．
到那里时，我们发现门仍然锁着。
[名师点津] 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态，被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：
[即时训练1]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and ____________(disappoint).
②Tsinghua University，_______(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
③The players ________(select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
④他的右手在那场大火中被烧伤了。
____________________________ in that big fire.
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
1．过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态或表示宾语所承受的动作，宾语就是其逻辑主语。
2．能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有以下三类：
(1)make，get，have，keep等使役动词；
(2)see，hear，feel，find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词；
(3)like，want，wish，order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词。
When will you go to the hospital and have your teeth examined
你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？
She saw the thief caught by policemen.
她看见小偷被警察抓住了。
The manager doesn't like such questions discussed at the meeting.
经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
[名师点津] (1)使役动词have接过去分词作宾语补足语时有两种情况：
①表示有意识的被动；
②表示无意识的被动。
I have my hair cut every month.
我每月理一次发。
He had his leg broken.
他的腿断了。
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语的句子如果变为被动语态，该过去分词就作主语补足语。
Almost no student is seen punished in this school.
在这所学校，几乎见不到学生被惩罚。
四、过去分词作状语
1．意义：过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词。
Discussed many times，the problems were settled at last.
经过多次讨论，问题终于解决了。
2．功能：过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。它可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。
(1)表示时间，可转换为when，while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
Accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
→When he was accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
(2)表示原因，可转换为as，since或because等引导的原因状语从句。
Deeply moved by the story，the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.
→Because they were deeply moved by the story，the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.
激动的人们被那个故事深深地打动了，故而停止了争吵。
(3)表示条件，可转换为if或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Heated，water can be turned into vapour.
→If it is heated，water can be turned into vapour.
水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。
(4)表示让步，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running，they went on running after the robber.
→Although they were exhausted by the running，they went on running after the robber.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶那个抢匪。
(5)表示方式或伴随情况，作方式状语时，如有连词as if，可转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。作伴随状语时，一般转换为并列结构。
The old man went into the room，supported by his wife.
→The old man was supported by his wife and went into the room.
那个老人在妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
3．连词＋过去分词：过去分词作时间、条件或让步状语时，为了明确其意义有时可在过去分词前加上when，while，once，if，unless，although等词，相当于状语从句的省略。
If merely drawn on your imagination，the report will not be convincing.
假若仅靠你的想象去写，报告是不会有说服力的。
[名师点津] 有些过去分词(短语)作状语或宾语补足语时不表示被动而表示状态。常见的有：seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，stationed(驻扎)，dressed in(穿着)等。
But what surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the classroom.
但是最让我吃惊的是看到一些村民坐在教室后部的长凳上。
[即时训练2]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①_______(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy has a chance to become famous.
②She couldn't make herself _______(hear) above the noise of the traffic.
③Claire had her luggage _______(check) an hour before her plane left.
④从山顶上看，这公园看起来更美。
___________________________________，the park looks more beautiful.
⑤由于出生在纽约，他会说一口流利的美式英语。
___________________，he can speak fluent American English.
短文语境填空
I would like to live in a well-designed house 1．__________ (surround) by walnut trees and which has a garden 2．______(fill) with flowers.3．_______(paint) yellow and green，the walls of these 4．_________(decorate) rooms would seem larger than they really are.In each room there would be a specially 5．____(make) armchair for me to sit in，6．______(place) in the most 7．___________(comfort) position.In this seat I would have music 8．_____(pipe) in from elsewhere in the house.I would be able to experiment 9．____ music 10．_______(create) by myself in a special room.This would be the well-planned house I would like to live in.
第二篇课文(Using Language)
①unique adj.唯一的；独一无二的；独特的；特有的
②distribution n.
分布；分配；分发
③tough adj.艰苦的；棘手的；坚强的
④resolve n．决心
⑤individual n．个人
adj.单独的；独特的
⑥pouch n．育儿袋；小袋子；荷包
⑦temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的
⑧phase n．阶段；时期
⑨cute adj.可爱的；漂亮迷人的
⑩encounter n．(意外、突然或暴力的)相遇，邂逅，冲突v.遭遇，遇到
pet v．抚摸；(爱抚地)摩挲n.宠物；宠儿
clarify v．使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
sensitive adj.体贴的；善解人意的；感觉敏锐的
panic v．(使)惊慌；惊慌失措n.惊恐；恐慌
trunk n．树干
interaction n．相互作用(影响)；互动(性)
in the interest of为了……的利益
approach v．(在距离或时间上)靠近，接近n.方法，态度
licensed adj.得到正式许可的
session n．一场；一段时间；会议
frequency n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率
occasion n．某次；适当的机会；时机；特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)
creature n．生物；动物
come across 偶然发现；偶然遇见
scare v．惊吓；使恐惧n.恐慌；恐惧
despite prep.即使；尽管
violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的
duck-billed扁喙的；鸭嘴形的
platypus n．鸭嘴兽，鸭獭
nest n．巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
primitive adj.原始的；远古的；落后的
mammal n．哺乳动物
biology n．生理；生物学
hatch vi.孵出；破壳vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋
nurse v．看护，照料(病人或伤者)；喂奶；哺育；吃奶
sense n．感觉官能(即视、听、嗅、味、触五觉)；意识
capacity n．能力；容量
sensor n．(探测光、热、压力等的)传感器
a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
THE AMAZING ANIMALS OF AUSTRALIA
Our topic today is “Creatures Unique① to Australia”，with questions answered by wildlife expert，Dr Jim Smith[1].
[1]with questions answered是“介词＋名词＋过去分词”结构，作状语。
Australia has lots of unique animals，but which animal is a symbol of the country
It has to be the kangaroo，as it has a wide distribution② throughout the country.It's a tough③ animal that has to survive in a difficult environment.Also，it cannot walk backwards，so it is always moving forwards.This expresses the strength and resolve④ of the Australians as individuals⑤ and as a nation.Baby kangaroos weigh only two grammes at birth.They then find their way into their mother's pouch⑥—a kind of pocket—to stay safe and warm.They sleep and drink milk in that temporary⑦，protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old[2].After this phase⑧，they go out to try their legs.After they learn to jump[3]，they gradually spend less time with their mother and learn to be independent.Kangaroos may look cute⑨ ，but encounters⑩ with them don't always end so well.Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard，so please folks，if you see some kangaroos，remember they're not for petting ！
[2]until用来表示在某个特定的时间之前谓语的动作一直在延续。
[3]after引导时间状语从句。
Koalas are cute，and we see so many pictures of people holding them.But in many places in Australia，it is against the law to even touch them.Can you clarify that
They are really quite cute，but the truth is，koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment[4].They spend quite a lot of time eating，sleeping，and hanging onto tree trunks ，so interaction with humans can cause them a lot of stress.Because of this，the government began to make laws against touching koalas，in the interest of animal protection，as well as public safety.So，if you see one in the wild，you shouldn't approach it to pick it up or even touch it.If you want to hold a koala，you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions .
[4]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词creatures。
So，we've talked about some cute animals.What about animals which aren't so cute？[5]
[5]what about用来引述与前面内容相关的话题。which引导定语从句。
My favourite is a little creature called the Tasmanian devil[6].If you are out camping in Tasmania[7] and come across one，the experience might scare you! Tasmanian devils hunt at night，so you won't usually see them，but you may hear their loud cries when they are fighting or eating.The noise they make[8] could wake the dead.Frightening！They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.They also have a terrible smell！Their diet is mostly dead animals.Fortunately，despite their name，they are generally not violent towards people.
[6]该处是过去分词短语作名词creature的定语。
[7]该处是动词-ing形式短语作句子的状语。
[8]该处是定语从句，省略了关系代词which或that。
Australia also has some animals that many people have never heard of[9]，for example，the duck-billed platypus .Is that some kind of bird
[9]该处是定语从句，关系代词that可以省略。
Not at all.While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird[10]，it's really a primitive mammal ， with a unique biology .Its eggs hatch after about ten days，and then the baby platypus nurses from its mother like all other mammals.Its nose looks like a duck's bill，and it has feet like a duck's so it can dive under the water，but it's covered in hair.Do you know what's really strange about a platypus？The platypus doesn't use its senses of sight or smell to find food.It has a capacity to find food in the water[11] by using electrical sensors in its bill.There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that[12]!
[10]连词while在这里引导的是让步状语从句。
[11]动词不定式短语作名词capacity的定语。
[12]关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰先行词animals，此处的关系代词that不能用which替换，因为先行词有only修饰。
澳大利亚的神奇动物
我们今天的主题是“澳大利亚特有的生物”，野生动物专家吉姆·史密斯博士回答了我们的问题。
澳大利亚有很多独特的动物，但是哪种动物是这个国家的象征呢？
它一定是袋鼠，因为它在全国有广泛的分布。它是一种坚强的动物，不得不在困难的环境中生存。而且，它不能后退，所以总是向前走。这表达了澳大利亚人作为个人和国家的力量和决心。袋鼠宝宝出生时只有两克重。然后，它们找到了进入母亲育儿袋——一种口袋的方法——以保持安全和温暖。大约七八个月大之前，它们一直待在那个暂时受保护的环境里睡觉和吃奶。过了这一阶段，它们就会出去试腿。在它们学会跳跃之后，它们逐渐减少了与母亲相处的时间，并学会独立。袋鼠可能看起来很可爱，但与它们的邂逅并不总是那么美好的。袋鼠可以很用力地踢打，所以如果你们看到一些袋鼠，请大家记住它们不是用来抚摸的！
考拉很可爱，我们看到很多人抱着它们的照片。但在澳大利亚的许多地方，触碰它们都是违法的。你能澄清一下吗？
它们真的很可爱，但事实是，考拉是非常敏感的生物，它们很容易因为环境的微小变化而惊慌失措。它们花很多时间吃东西、睡觉和挂在树干上，因此与人类的互动会给它们带来很多压力。因此，为了动物保护的利益和公共安全，政府开始制定法律禁止触摸考拉。所以，如果你在野外看到一只，你不应该接近它去捡它，甚至触摸它。如果你想养考拉，你必须去一些得到正式许可的动物园，那里的动物专家要确保为每时节挑选的考拉都处于良好的状态，便于与人接触，并且只在有限的时间和有限的场合领养它们。
所以，我们已经讨论了一些可爱的动物。那些不那么可爱的动物呢？
我最喜欢的是一种叫塔斯马尼亚恶魔的小生物。如果你在塔斯马尼亚野营时遇到一只，这种经历可能会吓到你！塔斯马尼亚恶魔在晚上狩猎，所以你通常不会看到它们，但你可以听到它们在打架或进食时的大声叫喊。它们发出的声音可以吵醒死人。可怕的！它们和小狗差不多大，看起来像相当大的黑鼠。它们还有一股难闻的气味！它们的饮食主要是死去的动物。幸运的是，尽管它们的名字(不好)，它们一般对人并不暴力。
澳大利亚也有一些许多人从未听说过的动物，例如鸭嘴兽。它是某种鸟吗？
根本不是。虽然它可以像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但其实它是一种原始的哺乳动物，有着独特的生物学特性。大约十天后，它的卵孵化出来，然后鸭嘴兽宝宝像所有其他哺乳动物一样从它的母亲那里哺乳。它的鼻子看起来像鸭子的嘴，它的脚像鸭子的脚，所以它可以潜到水下，但它浑身是毛。你知道鸭嘴兽真正奇怪的是什么吗？鸭嘴兽不会用它的视觉或嗅觉来寻找食物。它有能力通过它喙上的电子传感器在水中找到食物。世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！
Period 4
核心词汇
1．①distribution ②be distributed ③are distributed according to subject
2．①to ②for ③was produced under license
单元语法
[即时训练1]
①disappointed ②founded ③selected ④His right hand got burnt
[即时训练2]
①Offered ②heard ③checked ④Seen from the top of the hill ⑤Born in New York
巩固落实
1．surrounded 2．filled 3．Painted 4．decorated 5．made
6．placed 7．comfortable 8．piped 9．with 10．created
1 / 1
