Section Ⅳ
Period 默写背诵
1．plastic adj．塑料制的
2．mining n．采矿业
3．item n．一项，一条
4．species n．物种，种
5．wipe vt．擦；拭
6．solar adj．太阳光(能)的
7．hatch vi．& vt．(使)孵化
8．packet n．小包，小盒
9．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
10．coconut n．椰子
11．shell n．壳；贝壳
12．swallow vi．& vt．吞下，咽下
13．innovative adj．新颖的，创新的，革新的
14．refillable adj．可再填充的
15．bin n．垃圾箱
16．reusable adj．可再使用的，可重复使用的
17．carton n．硬纸盒；塑料盒
18．cutlery n．餐具
19．chopsticks n．筷子
20．council n．委员会；理事会
21．destruction n．破坏，毁坏
22．roadworks n．道路施工
23．gas n．气，气体
24．cancer n．癌症
25．essay n．论说文；散文
26．organic adj．不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的
27．institute n．机构；研究院
28．poultry n．家禽肉，家禽
29．billion n．十亿
30．opponent n．反对者；对手，敌手
31．instance n．例子，实例
32．drug n．药物，药材；毒品
33．sum vt．概括，总结 n．金额，款项；总数
34．committee n．委员会
35．temple n．庙宇，寺院
36．Confucius n．孔子
37．memorial n．纪念馆；纪念碑adj．(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的
38．thunderstorm n．雷暴
39．typhoon n．台风
40．agricultural adj．农业的
41．Atlantic adj．大西洋的
1．_________vt．破坏；毁掉
2．_________vi．& vt．转换，改变
3．_________vi．& vt．猎取，猎杀
4．_________adj．大量的
5．_________adj．各种各样的，形形色色的
6．_________n．减少；减少的量vi．& vt．减少
7．_________vt．责怪，指责
8．_________vt．影响
9．_________vt．(使)恢复
10．_________vt．包，裹
11．_________n．灰尘，尘土
12．_________adj．卡住的，无法移动的
13．_________n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱
14．_________n．十年，十年期
15．_________vi．相联系，有关联
16．_________vt．适合 n．套装
17．_________vt．包含，需要
18．_________adj．残忍的
19．_________vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求
20．_________n．化学品 adj．化学的
21．_________vt．雕，刻
22．_________n．谷，山谷
23．_________adj．景色优美的
24．_________adj．古老的；历史上重要的
1．conserve v．保存；保护；保藏→_________n．保护→_________adj．保守的；守旧的
2．recycle vi．& vt．再利用，回收利用→_________adj．可回收利用的→_________adj．不可回收的
3．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能→_________v．威胁；恐吓；危及→_________adj．威胁的
4．inform vt．通知；告知→_________n．信息→_________adj．有教育意义的；知识性强的
5．legal adj．合法的→_________adv．合法地→_________adv．非法地，违法地
6．extinct adj．灭绝的，绝种的→_________n．灭绝；绝种；消亡
7．incredible adj．极好的；难以置信的→_________adv．非常地，极端地
8．urge v．催促；敦促；力劝；强烈要求→_________adj．紧急的，急迫的→_________n．紧迫；急迫；紧急的事
9．usual adj．经常的，通常的；寻常的，惯常的→_________adj．异常的；不平常的
10．vary v．变化；不同→_________adj．各种各样的，形形色色的→_________n．变化；品种；种类；多样化
11．endanger vt．危及，使遭受危险→_________adj．濒危的
12．consume vt．消耗；吃→_________n．消费者→_________n．消费；消耗
13．waste n．浪费；废物 v．浪费→_________adj．浪费的；挥霍的
14．transport vt．运送；流放→_________n．交通运输系统，运输方式
15．use vt．使用；利用；运用→_________adj．能用的；可用的；适用的→_________adj．可再使用的，可重复使用的
16．aware adj．意识到的，明白的→_________n．意识；知道
17．collect vt．收集，采集→_________n．收集；收藏品；专辑
18．anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→_________adv．焦急地；焦虑地→_________n．焦虑，担心；渴望
19．annoy vt．打扰；使恼怒→_________ adj．烦恼的，生气的→_________adj．使烦恼的；使生气的→_________n．烦恼
20．angry adj．生气的，愤怒的→_________n．愤怒；怒气
21．regular adj．定期的，有规律的→_________adv．有规律地；定期地
1．_____________起某种作用
2．_____________尽自己的职责
3．_____________彻底毁灭
4．_____________(对某事)负有责任
5．_____________消失；绝迹，灭绝
6．_____________处境危险，受到威胁
7．_____________采取行动
8．_____________简而言之
9．_____________开始做某事，着手进行
10．_____________陷入或困在……中
11．_____________焦虑的
12．_____________与……相比
13．_____________与……有关联
14．_____________对……有害
15．_____________说实话
16．_____________对……上瘾
17．_____________放弃
18．_____________去接(某人)
19．_____________例如
1．The reasons for extinctions are varied．
灭绝的原因多种多样。
2．There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out：air and water pollution，forests being destroyed，factory farming and overfishing．
造成如此多的物种灭绝的原因有很多：空气和水污染、森林被破坏、工业化种植和过度捕捞。
3．Of course，as we humans depend on so many species for our survival，we would also be at risk of dying out．
当然，由于我们人类依靠如此多的物种生存，我们也将面临灭绝的风险。
4．In short，if we want to survive，we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it．
简而言之，如果我们想要生存，我们需要停止破坏我们赖以生存的星球，并开始保护它。
5．In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%．
在过去的二十年里，路上行驶的汽车数量增加了25%。
6．Leg power can save your money，keep you fit and help you live longer．
腿的力量可以节省你的钱，让你保持健康，并帮助你活得更久。
7．If you really have to use a car，share journeys with someone else．It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment．
如果你真的需要开车，那就和别人一起吧。这样更便宜，更环保。
8．Do whichever of these things that suit you．Don't just sit around and complain!
做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。别光坐在那里抱怨！
假设你是李华，学校英文报组织同学们分享自己在假期中的一段有趣经历，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[高分范文背诵]
Last Sunday，we visited the nursing home in our city，which is the most meaningful activity we have in this summer holiday．
That day，as planned，we got up early than usual．By riding bikes we all arrived at the gate of the local nursing home．There were many elders there，some of whom looked a little lonely，maybe missing their homes．With our arrival，laughter could be heard everywhere．We accompanied those elders，listening to their stories and talking about their families．Smiles spread on their faces．We learned a lot of useful life experience and lessons．We also learned life is precious and we should treasure the present time．
[片段1]
Tom's recent behaviour would always make Mr Smith burst into anger．Finding his homework was unfinished again，Mr Smith let out a cry of anger，with his eyes shining with annoyance．Mr Smith，whose patience had worn thin，called Tom's father to complain with anger．
汤姆最近的行为总是使史密斯先生勃然大怒。史密斯先生发现他的家庭作业又没做完，气得大叫一声，眼睛里满是烦恼。史密斯先生已经失去了耐心，他愤怒地打电话给汤姆的父亲抱怨。
[片段2]
Bob's mother felt so angry that she turned around and glared at Bob，saying，“Explain what's going on！”But Bob said nothing，which made his mother very angry．Eventually，unable to contain her anger，she stormed out of the room，slamming the door furiously behind her．
鲍勃的母亲非常生气，她转过身来怒视鲍勃，说：“解释一下发生了什么！”但鲍勃什么也没说，这让他的母亲非常生气。最后，她无法控制自己的愤怒，怒气冲冲地走出房间，用力地关上了身后的门。
Section Ⅳ
Period
写作词汇
1．destroy 2．switch 3．hunt 4．mass 5．varied 6．decrease 7．blame 8．affect 9．restore 10．wrap 11．dirt 12．stuck 13．jam 14．decade 15．relate 16．suit 17．involve 18．cruel 19．claim 20．chemical 21．carve 22．valley 23．scenic 24．historic
拓展单词
1．conservation；conservative 2．recyclable；unrecyclable 3．threaten；threatening 4．information；informative 5．legally；illegally 6．extinction 7．incredibly 8．urgent；urgency 9．unusual 10．varied；variety 11．endangered 12．consumer；consumption 13．wasteful 14．transportation 15．usable；reusable 16．awareness 17．collection 18．anxiously；anxiety 19．annoyed；annoying；annoyance 20．anger 21．regularly
重点短语
1．have a role 2．do one's part 3．wipe out 4．be to blame 5．die out 6．be at risk 7．take action 8．in short 9．set out 10．get stuck in 11．stressed out 12．compared to 13．be related to 14．be bad for 15．to be frank 16．be addicted to 17．give up 18．pick up 19．for instance
1 / 7(共218张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
主题语境 人与自然——人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系
Period 单元回顾 默写背诵
Section Ⅳ
1．plastic adj．塑料制的
2．mining n．采矿业
3．item n．一项，一条
4．species n．物种，种
5．wipe vt．擦；拭
6．solar adj．太阳光(能)的
7．hatch vi．& vt．(使)孵化
8．packet n．小包，小盒
9．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
10．coconut n．椰子
11．shell n．壳；贝壳
12．swallow vi．& vt．吞下，咽下
13．innovative adj．新颖的，创新的，革新的
14．refillable adj．可再填充的
15．bin n．垃圾箱
16．reusable adj．可再使用的，可重复使用的
17．carton n．硬纸盒；塑料盒
18．cutlery n．餐具
19．chopsticks n．筷子
20．council n．委员会；理事会
21．destruction n．破坏，毁坏
22．roadworks n．道路施工
23．gas n．气，气体
24．cancer n．癌症
25．essay n．论说文；散文
26．organic adj．不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的
27．institute n．机构；研究院
28．poultry n．家禽肉，家禽
29．billion n．十亿
30．opponent n．反对者；对手，敌手
31．instance n．例子，实例
32．drug n．药物，药材；毒品
33．sum vt．概括，总结 n．金额，款项；总数
34．committee n．委员会
35．temple n．庙宇，寺院
36．Confucius n．孔子
37．memorial n．纪念馆；纪念碑adj．(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的
38．thunderstorm n．雷暴
39．typhoon n．台风
40．agricultural adj．农业的
41．Atlantic adj．大西洋的
1．_______ vt．破坏；毁掉
2．______ vi．& vt．转换，改变
3．____ vi．& vt．猎取，猎杀
4．____ adj．大量的
5．______ adj．各种各样的，形形色色的
6．________ n．减少；减少的量vi．& vt．减少
7．_____ vt．责怪，指责
destroy
switch
hunt
mass
varied
decrease
blame
8．______ vt．影响
9．_______ vt．(使)恢复
10．____ vt．包，裹
11．____ n．灰尘，尘土
12．_____ adj．卡住的，无法移动的
13．____ n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱
14．______ n．十年，十年期
15．______ vi．相联系，有关联
16．____ vt．适合 n．套装
affect
restore
wrap
dirt
stuck
jam
decade
relate
suit
17．_______ vt．包含，需要
18．_____ adj．残忍的
19．_____ vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求
20．________ n．化学品 adj．化学的
21．_____ vt．雕，刻
22．______ n．谷，山谷
23．______ adj．景色优美的
24．________ adj．古老的；历史上重要的
involve
cruel
claim
chemical
carve
valley
scenic
historic
1．conserve v．保存；保护；保藏→____________ n．保护→____________ adj．保守的；守旧的
2．recycle vi．& vt．再利用，回收利用→__________ adj．可回收利用的→____________ adj．不可回收的
3．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能→________ v．威胁；恐吓；危及→___________ adj．威胁的
4．inform vt．通知；告知→___________ n．信息→___________ adj．有教育意义的；知识性强的
conservation
conservative
recyclable
unrecyclable
threaten
threatening
information
informative
5．legal adj．合法的→_______ adv．合法地→_________ adv．非法地，违法地
6．extinct adj．灭绝的，绝种的→__________ n．灭绝；绝种；消亡
7．incredible adj．极好的；难以置信的→__________ adv．非常地，极端地
8．urge v．催促；敦促；力劝；强烈要求→______ adj．紧急的，急迫的→_______ n．紧迫；急迫；紧急的事
9．usual adj．经常的，通常的；寻常的，惯常的→_______ adj．异常的；不平常的
legally
illegally
extinction
incredibly
urgent
urgency
unusual
10．vary v．变化；不同→______ adj．各种各样的，形形色色的→_______ n．变化；品种；种类；多样化
11．endanger vt．危及，使遭受危险→__________ adj．濒危的
12．consume vt．消耗；吃→________ n．消费者→___________ n．消费；消耗
13．waste n．浪费；废物 v．浪费→________ adj．浪费的；挥霍的
14．transport vt．运送；流放→______________ n．交通运输系统，运输方式
varied
variety
endangered
consumer
consumption
wasteful
transportation
15．use vt．使用；利用；运用→______ adj．能用的；可用的；适用的→________ adj．可再使用的，可重复使用的
16．aware adj．意识到的，明白的→_________ n．意识；知道
17．collect vt．收集，采集→__________ n．收集；收藏品；专辑
18．anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→_________ adv．焦急地；焦虑地→_______ n．焦虑，担心；渴望
19．annoy vt．打扰；使恼怒→ _______ adj．烦恼的，生气的→________ adj．使烦恼的；使生气的→_________ n．烦恼
usable
reusable
awareness
collection
anxiously
anxiety
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
20．angry adj．生气的，愤怒的→_____ n．愤怒；怒气
21．regular adj．定期的，有规律的→_________ adv．有规律地；定期地
anger
regularly
1．_____________ 起某种作用
2．________________ 尽自己的职责
3．_________ 彻底毁灭
4．_____________ (对某事)负有责任
5．________ 消失；绝迹，灭绝
6．____________ 处境危险，受到威胁
7．____________ 采取行动
have a role
do one's part
wipe out
be to blame
die out
be at risk
take action
8．_________ 简而言之
9．________ 开始做某事，着手进行
10．______________ 陷入或困在……中
11．_____________ 焦虑的
12．____________ 与……相比
13．_______________ 与……有关联
14．____________ 对……有害
15．_____________ 说实话
in short
set out
get stuck in
stressed out
compared to
be related to
be bad for
to be frank
16．________________ 对……上瘾
17．________ 放弃
18．________ 去接(某人)
19．_____________ 例如
be addicted to
give up
pick up
for instance
1．The reasons for extinctions are varied．
灭绝的原因多种多样。
2．There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out：air and water pollution，forests being destroyed，factory farming and overfishing．
造成如此多的物种灭绝的原因有很多：空气和水污染、森林被破坏、工业化种植和过度捕捞。
3．Of course，as we humans depend on so many species for our survival，we would also be at risk of dying out．
当然，由于我们人类依靠如此多的物种生存，我们也将面临灭绝的风险。
4．In short，if we want to survive，we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it．
简而言之，如果我们想要生存，我们需要停止破坏我们赖以生存的星球，并开始保护它。
5．In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%．
在过去的二十年里，路上行驶的汽车数量增加了25%。
6．Leg power can save your money，keep you fit and help you live longer．
腿的力量可以节省你的钱，让你保持健康，并帮助你活得更久。
7．If you really have to use a car，share journeys with someone else．It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment．
如果你真的需要开车，那就和别人一起吧。这样更便宜，更环保。
8．Do whichever of these things that suit you．Don't just sit around and complain!
做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。别光坐在那里抱怨！
假设你是李华，学校英文报组织同学们分享自己在假期中的一段有趣经历，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[高分范文背诵]
Last Sunday，we visited the nursing home in our city，which is the most meaningful activity we have in this summer holiday．
That day，as planned，we got up early than usual．By riding bikes we all arrived at the gate of the local nursing home．There were many elders there，some of whom looked a little lonely，maybe missing their homes．With our arrival，laughter could be heard everywhere．We accompanied those elders，listening to their stories and talking about their families．Smiles spread on their faces．We learned a lot of useful life experience and lessons．We also learned life is precious and we should treasure the present time．
[片段1]
Tom's recent behaviour would always make Mr Smith burst into anger．Finding his homework was unfinished again，Mr Smith let out a cry of anger，with his eyes shining with annoyance．Mr Smith，whose patience had worn thin，called Tom's father to complain with anger．
汤姆最近的行为总是使史密斯先生勃然大怒。史密斯先生发现他的家庭作业又没做完，气得大叫一声，眼睛里满是烦恼。史密斯先生已经失去了耐心，他愤怒地打电话给汤姆的父亲抱怨。
[片段2]
Bob's mother felt so angry that she turned around and glared at Bob，saying，“Explain what's going on！”But Bob said nothing，which made his mother very angry．Eventually，unable to contain her anger，she stormed out of the room，slamming the door furiously behind her．
鲍勃的母亲非常生气，她转过身来怒视鲍勃，说：“解释一下发生了什么！”但鲍勃什么也没说，这让他的母亲非常生气。最后，她无法控制自己的愤怒，怒气冲冲地走出房间，用力地关上了身后的门。
单元综合检测(三) (UNIT 3 CONSERVATION)
(总分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You have distinct opinions on where the best coffee is in your local area．But if the entire city had a high chance of providing a tasty cup，it could be the personal heaven for coffee lovers．
Rome，Italy
Italy is known for its love of quality food，and the same applies to coffee．Rome is packed with cafes that keep the city running．Coffee brewers take their business very seriously，so that you rarely meet a watered-down cup．
Melbourne，Australia
Melbourne loves coffee so much that they hold an annual coffee festival and have their own coffee-related publication，the Melbourne Coffee Review．What makes Melbourne coffee shops unique is the way the city is divided：the city is divided into several villages，each with its own specific culture．The most recommended drinks to get in Melbourne are typically lattes or other coffee drinks with milk．
Vienna，Austria
When it comes to coffee，Vienna goes hard：the city had its coffee shops listed as “intangible heritage(非物质文化遗产)”by UNESCO in 2011．Vienna cafes pride themselves on their atmosphere，taking the furnishings and decoration of shops quite seriously．These spaces are great social or people-watching atmospheres．Viennese particularly enjoy cappuccinos and the local Wiener Melange．
Addis Ababa，Ethiopia
Considered the “birthplace of coffee”，and one of the world's top coffee bean producers today，it's no surprise that coffee is an important part of Ethiopian culture．If you have friends or relatives there，expect to be invited to a coffee ceremony．You'll enjoy roasting and grinding (研磨) the beans，then brewing them in a clay pot before finally enjoying the final product with your hosts．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个与咖啡有关的城市，它们可能是咖啡爱好者的天堂。
1．Which city hosts a coffee festival every year
A．Rome． B．Melbourne．
C．Vienna． D．Addis Ababa．
√
B [细节理解题。根据Melbourne，Australia中“Melbourne loves coffee so much that they hold an annual coffee festival and have their own coffee-related publication，the Melbourne Coffee Review．”可知，墨尔本每年举办咖啡节。故选B项。]
2．What do we know about Vienna cafes
A．Their atmosphere is unique．
B．They are hardly decorated．
C．Their signature coffee is the latte．
D．They divide the city into blocks．
√
A [推理判断题。根据Vienna，Austria中“Vienna cafes pride themselves on their atmosphere，taking the furnishings and decoration of shops quite seriously．These spaces are great social or people-watching atmospheres．”可知，维也纳的咖啡馆的氛围是独特的。故选A项。]
3．What will you be invited to do in Addis Ababa
A．Produce coffee beans．
B．Buy hand-made cups．
C．Enjoy self-made coffee．
D．Decorate coffee shops．
√
C [细节理解题。根据Addis Ababa，Ethiopia中“If you have friends or relatives there，expect to be invited to a coffee ceremony．You'll enjoy roasting and grinding the beans，then brewing them in a clay pot before finally enjoying the final product with your hosts．”可知，在埃塞俄比亚的亚的斯亚贝巴，你可能会被邀请享用自制的咖啡。故选C项。]
B
With needle-like teeth and sharp-pointed nose，a gray nurse shark isn't a creature that most people would want to meet．But Shalise Leesfield isn't one of them．
The Australian teenager couldn't think of a better creature to meet when scuba diving off the coast of South West Rocks，near her home in Port Macquarie，a coastal town north of Sydney．
“Many people say gray nurse sharks look frightening，but I think they are the sweetest animals ever，”she says．
The slow-moving sharks，which like to stay near the sea floor in warm，shallow waters，are—for the most part—harmless to humans．But the gray nurse shark is under threat．Populations have fallen and habitats have been lost due to ocean warming and human development，according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)，which lists the species as seriously endangered．
One area where they can still be seen is Fish Rock，an underwater cavern (大洞穴) with a unique ecosystem，40 miles up the coast from Leesfield's home．But fishers are allowed access within 200 metres of Fish Rock．This is leading to a drop in the number of gray nurse sharks and increased pollution，says Leesfield．She wants to enlarge the no-fishing area，establishing a protected zone．
With Leesfield's efforts，the area has been nominated as a Hope Spot，which is part of the Mission Blue program launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle that identifies places as critically important to the ocean's health and supports protection．
“When people think about Hope Spots，they think about Sydney Harbour or the Great Barrier Reef．So to get Fish Rock up on that list is just such incredible news，”she says．
Now，Leesfield is working with politician Cate Faehrmann，marine spokesperson for the Australian Greens party in New South Wales，to legalize the protection of the sharks and make the no-fishing zone protected by the law．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了澳大利亚青少年Shalise Leesfield致力于保护灰护士鲨的故事。
4．What does “them”refer to in the first paragraph
A．Gray nurse sharks．
B．Common people．
C．People fearing gray nurse sharks．
D．Fishers．
√
C [代词指代题。根据第一段画线词前面的内容“With needle-like teeth and sharp-pointed nose，a gray nurse shark isn't a creature that most people would want to meet．”再结合第三段“Many people say gray nurse sharks look frightening…”可知，C正确。]
√
5．What has led to gray nurse sharks' being seriously endangered
A．The development of tourism in the ocean．
B．The sharks' preference to stay in shallow waters．
C．The feature of gray nurse sharks' slow-moving．
D．Fishers' being permitted within 200 metres of Fish Rock．
D [推理判断题。根据第三段内容以及第五段“But fishers are allowed access within 200 metres of Fish Rock．This is leading to a drop in the number of gray nurse sharks and increased pollution…”可推断，渔民被允许靠近Fish Rock 200米是导致灰护士鲨受到严重威胁的具体原因，因而D正确。]
6．What will Leesfield and Faehrmann do to protect gray nurse sharks
A．Recommend Fish Rock as a Hope Spot being protected．
B．Identify the Hope Spot area as being critically important．
C．Make Fish Rock more popular among fishers nearby．
D．Make laws to protect the no-fishing zone near Fish Rock．
√
D [细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“Now，Leesfield is working with politician Cate Faehrmann…to legalize the protection of the sharks and make the no-fishing zone protected by the law．”可知，D正确。]
7．Which might be the best title for the article
A．The Australian Teenager Is on a Mission to Protect Sharks
B．Increased Pollution Leads to Gray Sharks Endangered
C．Gray Nurse Sharks Are in Danger!
D．Let's Establish a Protected Zone!
A [标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文讲述了澳大利亚青少年Shalise Leesfield致力于保护灰护士鲨的故事，因而A正确。]
√
C
ChatGPT，designed by OpenAI to carry on conversations just like humans，has become a viral excitement．The AI-powered tool went from zero to a million users in just five days! Its ability to provide in-depth answers to users' questions has even drawn the attention of distinguished technology companies．
The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way that makes sense．Its vast body of knowledge has been gathered from the Internet and archived books．It is further trained by humans．This makes ChatGPT a useful tool for researching almost any topic．
“We have a lot of information on the Internet，but you normally have to search it，then read it and then do something with it，”says Ricardo，chief science officer and co-founder of AI company Erudit．“Now you'll have this resource that can process the whole Internet and all of the information it contains for you to answer your question．”
ChatGPT cannot think on its own．It depends on the information that it has been trained on．As a result，the AI tool works well for things that have accurate data available．However，when unsure，ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses．OpenAI cautions users to check the information no matter how logical it sounds．Also，ChatGPT has only been trained with information till 2021．Hence，it cannot be relied upon for anything that happened after that．
Experts believe ChatGPT has limitless potential to solve real-world problems．It can translate long texts into different languages，create content on almost any topic，and even summarise books．
However，ChatGPT has received mixed reactions from educators．Some believe it could serve as a valuable tool to help build literacy skills in the classroom．It could also be used to teach students difficult science or math concepts．But other educators think ChatGPT will encourage students to cheat．They fear this will prevent them from building critical thinking and problem-solving skills．As a result，many districts are starting to ban its use in schools．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能ChatGPT的特点、存在的问题以及人们对ChatGPT的看法。
8．What is the unique feature of ChatGPT
A．It has artificial intelligence．
B．It can answer users' questions．
C．It has the largest number of users．
D．It can engage in meaningful conversations．
√
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中“Its ability to provide in-depth answers to users' questions has even drawn the attention of distinguished technology companies．”以及第二段中“The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way that makes sense．”可知，ChatGPT的独特之处是它可以参与有意义的对话。故选D。]
9．What makes ChatGPT helpful to research various topics
A．Its capability of information processing．
B．Its accurate information．
C．Its availability of up-to-date data．
D．Its vast body of questions．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第二段“The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way that makes sense．Its vast body of knowledge has been gathered from the Internet and archived books．It is further trained by humans．This makes ChatGPT a useful tool for researching almost any topic．”可知，信息处理能力使ChatGPT有助于研究各种主题。故选A。]
10．Why do ChatGPT users have to be cautious when using it
A．ChatGPT is unable to think itself．
B．ChatGPT lacks creativity．
C．ChatGPT offers illogical information．
D．ChatGPT is not properly trained．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第四段“ChatGPT cannot think on its own．It depends on the information that it has been trained on．As a result，the AI tool works well for things that have accurate data available．However，when unsure，ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses．OpenAI cautions users to check the information no matter how logical it sounds．Also，ChatGPT has only been trained with information till 2021．”可知，ChatGPT用户在使用时必须谨慎是因为ChatGPT不能独立思考。故选A。]
11．What is the author's attitude towards ChatGPT
A．Favorable． B．Disapproving．
C．Objective． D．Intolerant．
√
C [观点态度题。根据第四段中“ChatGPT cannot think on its own(ChatGPT不能独立思考)．”，第五段中“Experts believe ChatGPT has limitless potential to solve real-world problems(专家认为ChatGPT在解决现实问题方面具有无限潜力)．”以及最后一段中“However，ChatGPT has received mixed reactions from educators(然而，教育工作者对ChatGPT的反应不一)．”可推知，作者主要列举了其他人对ChatGPT的看法，没有提到自己对ChatGPT的态度，故对ChatGPT持客观态度。故选C。]
D
Screens are replacing paper in almost every area of communication，but is this good for our mental health Research shows that reading has many mental health benefits，yet most people choose screen time over books for entertainment．Even in schools，digital learning is taking over，making backpacks lighter but challenging students to stay focused．
Reading short posts on social media reduces our attention span，making long books harder to enjoy．This type of reading also uses simple language，offering less exposure to rich vocabulary and ideas．Research indicates that comprehension is six to eight times better with physical books than e-readers．While people may read faster on devices，distractions (使人分心的事物) like social media，ads，and notifications (通知) often prevent them from remembering what they read．Physical books provide a more immersive experience，helping readers understand and remember the content better．
Holding a book，turning its pages，and highlighting favorite parts engage the body．Researchers say turning pages helps create a “mental map”，linking what we read to specific pages，which aids memory．The physical actions of reading a book—how you hold it，how your eyes move across the pages—create a unique experience．Unlike e-books，physical books offer a tangible (可感知的) experience，which is important for building strong mental connections．
Physical books also offer a social experience that e-readers do not．Visiting a bookstore，asking a librarian for recommendations，or sharing a book with a friend are enjoyable aspects of reading．These social interactions are missed when downloading e-books．
Most people strongly prefer printed books．In one study，92 percent of students said they preferred print books over e-books．There's something special about holding a book，admiring its cover，and seeing your progress with a bookmark．Reading physical books not only improves comprehension but also provides a richer，more engaging experience．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是纸质书和电子书相比的各种优势。
12．Why does digital learning challenge students
A．There is very little to read．
B．There are many distractions．
C．Digital devices are costly．
D．E-books are hard to find．
√
B [细节理解题。根据首段最后一句可知，数字学习在学校正在占主导地位，学生很难保持专注，结合第二段第一句“在社交媒体上阅读简短的帖子会缩短我们的注意力，让我们更难享受长篇书籍。”以及“While people may read faster on devices，distractions…what they read．”可知，对学生来说，数字化学习给学生带来挑战是因为有太多使人分心的事物。故选B项。]
13．Which helps readers remember content better
A．Reading physical books．
B．Using e-readers to read．
C．Surfing news websites．
D．Reading short media posts．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Physical books provide a more immersive experience，helping readers understand and remember the content better．”可知，实体书有助于读者更好地理解和记忆内容，由此可知，阅读实体书能帮助读者更好地记住内容。故选A项。]
14．What is the author's attitude towards physical books
A．Tolerant． B．Objective．
C．Critical． D．Supportive．
D [观点态度题。根据第二段最后一句、第三段最后一句以及第四段第一句可知，作者在文中提到了很多阅读实体书有助于记忆、建立牢固的心理联系，以及提供社交体验等好处，由此可推断，作者对阅读实体书持支持赞成的态度。故选D项。]
√
15．What is the main focus of the text
A．Benefits of digital learning．
B．Dangers of digital devices．
C．Strengths of physical books．
D．Changes in reading habits．
√
C [主旨大意题。本文首先在前两段介绍了数字化学习存在的一些问题，进而在下文介绍了阅读实体书有助于记忆、建立牢固的心理联系，以及提供社交体验等好处；结合尾段可知，阅读实体书不仅能提高理解力，还能提供更丰富、更吸引人的体验。由此可知，文章的主要焦点在于阅读实体书的好处。故选C项。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science can help you improve your study methods．For more than 100 years，psychologists have done research on which study habits work best． 16 ．Here are 4 tips to improve your study habits．
Space out your studying
Nate Kornell，a psychologist at Williams College，thinks it's a good idea to study the day before a big test． 17 ．Instead，space out those study sessions．Kornell compares our memory to water in a bucket that has a small leak．Try to refill the bucket while it's still full，and you can't add much more water．Allow time between study sessions，and some of the material may drip out of your memory．But then you'll be able to relearn it and learn more in your next study session．
Practice，practice，practice!
Musicians practice their instruments．Athletes practice sports skills． 18 ．“If you want to be able to remember information，the best thing you can do is practice，”says Katherine Rawson．She's a psychologist at Kent State University in Ohio．In one 2013 study，students took practice tests over several weeks．On the final test，they scored more than a full letter grade better，on average，than students who studied the way they normally had．
Test yourself
Nebel's preferred study habit is one of the best ways．Before big tests，Nebel's mom quizzed her on the material．“Now I know that was retrieval (检索) practice，”she says．As Nebel got older，she quizzed herself．“ 19 ，”Nebel suggests．“Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions，”she adds．
Dig deeper
It's hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don't push further．Ask why things are a certain way．How did they come about？Why do they matter？Psychologists call this elaboration．It's taking class material and asking a lot of how and why questions about it．This helps you combine new information with other things you know．And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another，she says． 20 ．
A．The same should go for learning
B．Some tips help for almost every subject
C．Of course，nothing can replace studying with your mother
D．Some experts hold that studying late at night can be really useful
E．That larger network makes it easier to learn and remember things
F．Create a pack of flash cards every time you learn new information
G．But research shows it's a bad idea to force all your studying into that day
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就“如何改善学习习惯”给出了一些建议。
16．B [根据空格前一句“For more than 100 years，psychologists have done research on which study habits work best．”可推断，B选项(一些技巧对几乎每一门学科都有帮助)承接上文，并引出下文的四种方法。故选B。]
17．G [根据空格前一句“Nate Kornell，a psychologist at Williams College，thinks it's a good idea to study the day before a big test．”及后一句中的“Instead”可知，空格前后说明的是相反的做法，G选项中的“But”一词表示句间逻辑的转折。故选G。]
18．A [根据空格前两句“Musicians practice their instruments．Athletes practice sports skills．”及空格后的“‘If you want to be able to remember information，the best thing you can do is practice，’says Katherine Rawson．”可知，A选项(学习也是如此)符合题意，表明学习也需要练习。空格后正是对A选项的解释。故选A。]
19．F [根据语境可知，空格处及下文都是引用了Nebel说的话，都是Nebel的建议。故选F。]
20．E [根据空格前一句“And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another，she says．”可知，空格处应具有承接上文并说明更大的网络的作用。E选项中的“That larger network”与空格前一句中的“a bigger network”属于同义复现。故选E。]
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Three years ago，I participated in Model United Nations (MUN) held by the Education Department，which was a mock (模拟的) UN activity．During the two days，students are separated in different groups which 21 different countries to debate and try to solve problems．MUN has 22 awards：best delegates (代表)，honorary mentions，and verbal mentions．
Each time I participated in MUN，I made good 23 and undoubtedly got a few awards．But I often felt as if I'd 24 because I had never won the best delegate award．I 25 those who didn't deserve to win the award but won it various times，and I was just filled with
26 at their success．But later I realised that it was also 27 not to get the award because I could actually 28 something，and that I shouldn't
29 the best delegate award until I was the best delegate I could be．
Failures are completely subjective—we can look at a result as a failure or a 30 ．Any failure can be regarded as a(n) 31 because you can always learn something from it and do 32 next time．This is supported by John Locke's theory that we are born with blank views：knowledge and ability are learned from our 33 ．That's true．If I make a mistake in the life practice，then I probably won't 34 that next time．I believe this is 35 the best way to become better．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者一直参加模拟联合国大赛，却一直得不到渴望的最高奖项，觉得自己很失败，后来作者意识到失败的经历也很可贵，它可以让我们下次做得更好。
√
21．A．strengthen B．condemn
C．inspire D．represent
D [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“which was a mock UN activity”可知，这是一个模拟联合国的活动，因此是分组后代表不同的国家进行辩论。故选D。]
√
22．A．identical B．temporary
C．various D．false
C [考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“best delegates，honorary mentions，and verbal mentions”可知，有最佳代表奖、荣誉奖和口头奖，因此是各种各样的奖项。故选C。]
23．A．preparations B．predictions
C．appointments D．explanations
√
A [考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“undoubtedly got a few awards”可知，作者获得了一些奖项，因此应该是做好了充分的准备工作。故选A。]
24．A．accelerated B．failed
C．exited D．succeeded
√
B [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“because I had never won the best delegate award”可知，作者从未获得过最佳代表奖，因此会感到自己好像失败了。故选B。]
25．A．approached B．trained
C．expected D．witnessed
√
D [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“those who didn't deserve to win the award but won it various times”可知，一些人本不该获奖却多次获奖，作者作为参赛者应该是见证了这样的事情。故选D。]
26．A．relief B．envy
C．satisfaction D．delight
√
B [考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“those who didn't deserve to win the award but won it various times”可知，一些人本不该获奖却多次获奖，而作者从未获得过最佳代表奖，因此会产生嫉妒心理。故选B。]
27．A．annoyed B．ashamed
C．good D．terrible
√
C [考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“I those who didn't deserve to win the award but won it various times，and I was just filled with at their success．”和本句中的“But”可知，此处在语义上与上文是转折关系，上文作者因为未能获得过最佳代表奖而挫败，嫉妒别人的成功，此处应该是认识到未能获这个奖也有好的一面。故选C。]
28．A．desert B．learn
C．delete D．display
B [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“because you can always learn something from it”可知，此处指实际上可以学到一些东西。故选B。]
√
29．A．win B．miss
C．deliver D．value
A [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“until I was the best delegate I could be”可知，作者觉得直到自己成为力所能及的最好的代表，才应该获得这个奖。故选A。]
√
30．A．bond B．bet
C．victory D．loss
C [考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Failures are completely subjective”可知，作者认为失败是完全主观的，因此结果可以被看作是失败，也可以看作是胜利。故选C。]
√
31．A．aim B．benefit
C．burden D．limit
B [考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“because you can always learn something from it”可知，人总能从失败中学到一些东西，因此失败可以被看作是一种好处。故选B。]
√
32．A．funnier B．worse
C．better D．slower
C [考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“because you can always learn something from it”可知，人总能从失败中学到一些东西，因此下一次就可以做得更好。故选C。]
√
33．A．decisions B．attitudes
C．positions D．experiences
D [考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“we are born with blank views”可知，这种观点认为我们生来是空白的，再结合常识可知，我们应该是从自己的经历中逐渐获得知识和能力。故选D。]
√
34．A．repeat B．admit
C．accept D．notice
A [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“If I make a mistake in the life practice”以及常识可知，我们在生活实践中犯了错误后，会产生相应的经验，下次不会再重复犯这个错误。故选A。]
√
35．A．wrongly B．scarcely
C．truly D．narrowly
C [考查副词词义辨析。根据下文“the best way to become better”可知，truly“真地”符合语境，加强语气，表示对上文观点的总结：从经历中学习，不再重复犯错，是变得更好的最好方法。故选C。]
√
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An island off the coast of Cape Cod is open to the public for the first time in 300 years．Sipson island 36．_______________ (own) privately since 1711，when it was sold to White settlers．Now，the new Sipson Island Trust，with the help of a local nonprofit，hopes to renew and care for the island，37．_____ (use) the Native American values to see land 38．___a gift for all to use．
has been owned
using
as
It is really important for us to be able to communicate the 39．____________ (important) of its history，and teach the values of those that lived on the island before 1711，President Blough told CNN．
importance
The 24-acre island，which opens on Saturday，is 40．_______ (locate) just off the coast of Cape Cod in 41．___ area known as Pleasant Bay，42．______ is of critical environmental concern．When it was for sale，there were a number of conservation organizations who wanted to find a way to raise the money to protect it，preserve it，and make it 43．_________ (access)to the public，Blough said．
located
an
which
accessible
Now it is 44．_______ (full)open to the public．Visitors are encouraged to access the island from the eastern shore，45．____ only shallow boats under 22 feet can land due to the sensitive ecosystem in the water．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科德角海岸外的一座岛屿——Sipson岛，300年来首次向公众开放的事项，并介绍了Sipson岛的相关历史。
fully
but
36．has been owned [考查时态和语态。句意：Sipson岛自1711年被卖给白人殖民者以来一直为私人所有。由时间状语since 1711可知，时态要用现在完成时，根据主语为Sipson island，与own之间是被动关系可知，语态要用被动语态。故填has been owned。]
37．using [考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，新的Sipson Island Trust在当地非营利组织的帮助下，希望重建并保护这个岛，按照美国原住民的价值观，把土地视为所有人都可以使用的礼物。此处位于句首，根据use与the new Sipson Island Trust之间是逻辑上的主谓关系可知，此处要用动词-ing形式，作状语。故填using。]
38．as [考查介词。句意同上。see land as a gift“将土地视为一份礼物”，as是介词，“作为”。故填as。]
39．importance [考查名词。句意：Blough总统告诉CNN，对我们来说，能够传达它历史的重要性，并教导人们1711年以前住在岛上的人的价值观是非常重要的。根据冠词the可知，此处要用名词。故填importance。]
40．located [考查形容词。句意：这座占地24英亩的岛屿在上周六开放，它位于科德角海岸的一个名为宜人湾的地区，该地区的环境问题非常严重。由just off the coast of Cape Cod可知，短语be located “位于，坐落于”符合题意，故填located。]
41．an [考查冠词。句意同上。area“地区”是可数名词，根据句意可知，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又因area的发音以元音音素开头，因此应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。]
42．which [考查非限制性定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Pleasant Bay，定语从句中缺少主语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。]
43．accessible [考查形容词。句意：Blough说，当它被出售的时候，有很多保护组织想要筹集资金来保护它，并让它对公众开放。根据make it可知，此处要用形容词，作it的宾语补足语，be accessible to“对于……来说是可接近的(可用的)”。故填accessible。]
44．fully [考查副词。句意：现在它完全对公众开放。根据形容词 open可知，此处要用副词修饰。故填fully。]
45．but [考查连词。句意：游客被鼓励从东岸进入该岛，但由于水中敏感的生态系统，只有22英尺以下的浅船才能登陆。根据only shallow boats under 22 feet can land可知，此处表示转折关系，因此要用表转折的连词but。故填but。]
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是高三学生李平。近来，去饭店过生日的学生越来越多，对此，同学们有不同的看法。请你就此现象写一篇短文，内容包括：
1．赞同的理由；
2．反对的理由；
3．你的观点。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：攀比 keep up with the Joneses
Recently more and more students go to the restaurants to celebrate their birthdays．But my classmates hold different views about it．_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Recently more and more students go to the restaurants to celebrate their birthdays．But my classmates hold different views about it．
Some of them agree because they think it will improve the friendship between students，and having a party at restaurant will make students relaxed after working hard at school every day．
But those who are against it say that it will waste a lot of money and cause students to keep up with the Joneses，and it will do harm to the growth of the students．
Personally，I am not in favour of it because we are still students and we have to depend on our parents to support us in our learning．We should，therefore，celebrate our birthdays simply．
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Saturday，David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old．When David passed them，he heard the woman yell，“How stupid you are! You're good at nothing．”David stopped and looked at the little boy．The boy said nothing．He just stood there，looking upset．
David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs Brown in middle school．After he entered middle school，David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others．He was often told that he was good at nothing，which David believed．But one day it all changed．
One day，in an English writing class，Mrs Brown asked them to read a novel．They were asked to write a new chapter of the novel after they finished reading it．A few days later，David handed in his story．He didn't give it much thought．But the next day，to his surprise，the comment “well done”from Mrs Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written．
When David read that，he almost burst into tears．He never expected to be praised one day．He suddenly gained some self-confidence．
That day after he returned home，he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs Brown the next morning．And again he was praised．
David became very interested in writing．He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs Brown to read them and correct them for him．Mrs Brown always correct them for him．Mrs Brown always
corrected the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice to improve his writing skills．One year later，David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it．He was no longer that boy who lacked self-confidence．He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future．
He succeeded in entering college and kept writing．Several years after graduating from college，he had his first book published．With some more books coming out，he became famous as a writer in his country．And he owed his success to Mrs Brown's encouragement．Without her encouragement，his life might be very different now．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Inspired by his own life story，David decided to do something for that boy．__________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
The mother was ashamed when she heard that．________________
___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Inspired by his own life story，David decided to do something for that boy．He went to the woman，who immediately recognised him，because she had read his books and seen his pictures．David started to chat with her．He told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate．Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs Brown．In the end，he said，“I couldn't have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing．”
The mother was ashamed when she heard that．She realised that she shouldn't have called her son stupid，which would make him lose confidence in himself．So she said，“Thank you for your advice．I'll never say such things to him again．Instead，I'll find out what he's good at and encourage him．”The woman then left with the boy．Looking at the back of the boy，David felt relieved，hoping his action could make some difference to the boy．
模块综合检测
(总分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Women Who Changed Science Forever
Ellen Ochoa (May 10，1958－)
Ellen Ochoa is an American engineer and retired astronaut．Born in Los Angeles，California，Ochoa was the first Latina woman to fly in space as part of the crew of the shuttle Discovery in 1993．In 1990，Ochoa was selected to astronaut candidacy as part of Group 13，a group of twenty-three NASA astronauts，and became an astronaut a year later．Her first space flight was aboard Discovery as a mission specialist and lasted nine days，in which the five-person crew conducted scientific experiments and deployed a research satellite to study the solar corona．
Mamie Phipps Clark (April 18，1917－August 11，1983)
Mamie Phipps Clark was an American social psychologist，who specialized in child development in Black children．Born in Arkansas，Clark drew on her early experiences as a black child in the segregated (种族隔离) American South to help children growing up with the same inequalities．She initiated the famous Doll Test，which showed that Black children in segregated schools were more likely to prefer dolls with white complexions and yellow hair while discarding the brown dolls with black hair and assigning negative traits to them．Her husband，Kenneth，used their research to argue for school integration in the 1954 Supreme Court Case Brown v．Board of Education．This was the first time that social science was used in a Supreme Court case．
Katsuko Saruhashi (March 22，1920－September 29，2007)
Geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi was born in Tokyo on 22 March，1920．She developed Saruhashi's Table，a method for measuring CO2 using pH，temperature，and chlorinity，which has become a global standard．Saruhashi broke new ground in her study of ocean-borne nuclear contamination following the nuclear weapons test the United States undertook on Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands．Saruhashi's research played an important role in limiting nuclear proliferation (激增) around the world，thanks to the signing of the 1963 treaty．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了永远改变科学的女性。
1．When did Ellen Ochoa become an astronaut
A．In 1990． B．In 1991．
C．In 1992． D．In 1993．
B [细节理解题。根据Ellen Ochoa (May 10，1958—)部分的“In 1990，Ochoa was selected to astronaut candidacy as part of Group 13，a group of twenty-three NASA astronauts，and became an astronaut a year later．( 1990年，奥乔亚被选为第13组宇航员候选人，该组由23名NASA宇航员组成，一年后她成了宇航员。)”可知，她在1991年成为宇航员。故选B。]
√
2．How did Saruhashi do her research of ocean-borne nuclear contamination
A．Together with some Americans．
B．By signing the 1963 treaty．
C．By digging into the ground．
D．Based on a test on Bikini Atoll．
√
D [细节理解题。根据Katsuko Saruhashi (March 22，1920—September 29，2007)部分的“Saruhashi broke new ground in her study of ocean-borne nuclear contamination following the nuclear weapons test the United States undertook on Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands．(继美国在马绍尔群岛的比基尼环礁进行核武器试验之后，Saruhashi在她对海洋传播的核污染的研究中开辟了新的领域。)”可知，Saruhashi基于比基尼环礁上的一项试验对海洋核污染进行了研究。故选D。]
3．Which of the following statements is true
A．Ellen Ochoa was the first woman astronaut to fly in space．
B．Children were more likely to prefer dolls with white complexions and yellow hair．
C．Saruhashi's Table is an international standard for measuring CO2．
D．The three women are all black scientists．
√
C [细节理解题。根据Katsuko Saruhashi (March 22，1920—September 29，2007)部分的“Saruhashi's Table，a method for measuring CO2 using pH，temperature，and chlorinity，which has become a global standard(Saruhashi的表，一种使用pH值、温度和氯浓度来测量二氧化碳的方法，已经成为全球标准)”可知，Saruhashi的表是一个测量二氧化碳的国际标准。故选C。]
B
One Alabama school was extremely creative in encouraging students to read more and to help improve the school district's literacy．They added an Inchy's Bookworm Vending Machine，an actual vending machine that allows students to add a special coin and get a brand new book．
Sixth-grade reading teacher Kristy White said students have been inspired to earn coins so they can get a new book．Every classroom has coins，and students can earn them by improving their reading or math skills or exhibiting good behavior．
Kristy said it only takes one coin to use the machine．Nice! What's even nicer is there are books for all grade levels and students even make suggestions for titles they'd like to see available．Funding for the vending machine came from community support through donations and grants．
Lucy Williamson was the first student to use the machine．The sixth-grader said she can see the growing excitement of her fellows and she looks forward to getting even more books．“This has some different books that the library doesn't have and I'm able to keep the book longer because it's mine so I have more time to read it，”Lucy said．She also shared that she rereads books often，so being able to choose a book that she can take home is a real plus．
Beyond reading，the vending machine has also encouraged students to behave better．And when a student gets a coin everyone celebrates the win．“The students are thrilled when they are the students who get the coin that week．They come down here and other students cheer for them，”Kristy said．
We're cheering for them，too! This is such a unique way to motivate students．Reading is so fundamental that it really serves as the foundation for all other learning．This vending machine is just one way to help students succeed．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。学校为了鼓励学生多读书，想出了一种激励学生阅读的独特方法——自动售货机，该方法起到了很好的效果。
4．What does the underlined word “literacy”in paragraph 1 mean
A．Communication skills．
B．Academic performance．
C．Professional knowledge．
D．Reading and writing ability．
√
D [词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“and”可知，画线词所在的不定式短语与“to read more”是并列关系，“to read more”指的是多阅读，画线词所在的不定式短语所表达的意思应与“多阅读”一致，D项“读写能力”与画线词的意思一致。故D项正确。]
5．What can we know about the vending machine
A．It charges students for the special coins．
B．It encourages students' positive growth．
C．It turns a blind eye to students' proposals．
D．It aims to raise money for the local community．
√
B [推理判断题。根据第二段内容、第四段中的“The sixth-grader said…even more books．”、第五段中的“Beyond reading1to behave better．”和最后一段中的“This vending machine is just one way to help students succeed．”可知，自动售货机鼓励学生积极成长。故B项正确。]
6．Why did Lucy commit herself to using the vending machine
A．To enrich her extracurricular life．
B．To escape from the school library．
C．To enjoy selecting and rereading books．
D．To gain respect and praise from her fellows．
√
C [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This has some different books that the library doesn't have and I'm able to keep the book longer because it's mine so I have more time to read it”和“She also shared that she rereads books often，so being able to choose a book that she can take home is a real plus．”可知，Lucy 之所以要用自动售货机，是因为喜欢挑选和重读图书。故C项正确。]
7．Which is the suitable title for the text
A．Kristy White：A Creative Reading Teacher
B．Lucy Williamson：A Model Pupil at School
C．A Unique Way to Inspire Students to Read
D．The Importance of Offering Reading Courses
√
C [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，学校为了鼓励学生多阅读和帮助提高学生的读写能力，便在学校增添 Inchy's书虫自动售货机；再根据下文老师和学生对这种自动售货机的反馈可知，自动售货机发挥了良好的效果。因此C项“激励学生阅读的独特方法”最适合作为本文标题。故C项正确。]
C
Every spring，as the weather warms，trees up and down the East Coast explode in a display of bright green life as leaves fill their branches，and every fall，the same leaves provide one of nature's great color displays of vivid yellow，orange and red．
Thanks to climate change，the timing of these events has shifted over the last two decades，Harvard scientists say．
Andrew Richardson，an associate professor of organismic and evolutionary biology，and research associate Trevor Keenan worked with colleagues from seven different institutions on a study which found that forests throughout the eastern United States are showing signs of spring growth dramatically earlier，and that the growing season in some areas extends further into the fall．
Richardson said，“Climate change isn't just about warmer temperatures．It's also about changes in precipitation (降水) patterns…So in the future，an earlier spring might not help forests take in more carbon dioxide if they end up running out of water in mid-summer．”
The research combined information from three sources．Using satellite data，Keenan tracked when forests across the region began to turn green in the spring，and when leaves began to turn yellow in the fall．Ground observations made every three to seven days at the Harvard Forest in Petersham and a long-term research site in New Hampshire provided information about the state of buds，leaves and branches．When combined with records from instrument towers，the data sets allowed the researchers to paint a richly detailed picture that shows spring starting earlier，and the growing season lasting longer than at any point in the past two decades．
Another important result，Richardson said，was the discovery of a significant source of error in existing computer models on how forest ecosystems work．
“This shows an opportunity to improve the models and how they simulate how forests will work under future climate scenarios forecast，”he said．
The real power of the findings，however，may be in helping to make the effects of climate change clearer to the public，the researchers said．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的科学家们进行了一项研究，气候变化会导致季节发生变化，并能帮助公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响。
8．What is the reason of the earlier spring according to the Harvard scientists
A．The human activities．
B．The climate change．
C．The tree growth．
D．The reduction in water．
√
B [细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thanks to climate change，the timing of these events has shifted over the last two decades，Harvard scientists say．(哈佛大学的科学家们表示，由于气候变化，这些事件的发生时间在过去二十年中发生了变化。)”和第三段内容可知，根据哈佛大学的科学家们的说法，早春的原因是气候变化，故选B。]
9．What can we infer from Richardson's words in the fourth paragraph
A．An earlier spring can only bring benefits．
B．The influence of climate change is complex．
C．The water in mid-summer will increase．
D．The role of forests becomes less important．
√
B [推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Climate change isn't just about warmer temperatures．It's also about changes in precipitation patterns (气候变化不仅仅是气温升高，还与降水模式的变化有关)”可知，在第四段中从Richardson的话中推断出气候变化的影响是复杂的，故选B。]
10．What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “simulate”in the seventh paragraph
A．Change． B．Explain．
C．Imitate． D．Create．
√
C [词义猜测题。文章第六段讲到“Another important result，Richardson said，was the discovery of a significant source of error in existing computer models on how forest ecosystems work．(Richardson说，另一个重要的结果是，在现有的计算机模型中发现了森林生态系统如何工作的一个重要错误来源。)”可知，第七段中画线单词所在句子“This shows an opportunity to improve the models and how they simulate how forests will work under future climate scenarios forecast”的意思是：这显示了一个改进模型的机会，以及它们如何模拟森林在未来气候情景预测下的工作。可知，画线单词的意思最接近“模拟”，故选C。]
11．What is the real power of the findings of the research
A．It helps scientists to figure out how forest ecosystems work．
B．It reflects how the growing season is extending faster．
C．It provides an opportunity to improve the computer models．
D．It helps to make the effects of climate change clearer to the public．
√
D [细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“The real power of the findings，however，may be in helping to make the effects of climate change clearer to the public，the researchers said．(然而，研究人员表示，这些发现的真正力量可能是帮助公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响。)”可知，研究结果的真正力量是它有助于让公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响，故选D。]
D
Last weekend，I said goodbye to another dear old friend．We had 12 fine years together，but our relationship was becoming dysfunctional (不正常的)．Unwanted emissions and serious health problems were the final straw，leaving me with no choice but to make a trip to the knacker's (收废汽车者的) yard．
I am now car-free for the first time in 20 years，and it feels strange．When I gave up meat，I did so mainly for environmental reasons，and I didn't miss it at all．I would like to say the same about my car，but I can't．It was first and foremost a financial decision：keeping the old car on the road was getting too expensive．
But doing the right thing for the wrong reasons is still doing the right thing—I now have a chance to rethink how I move myself and my family around，and can try to find a more environmentally friendly means of transport．
Going car-free is，I think，a lifestyle change that many of us are going to make over the next few years，as car ownership becomes increasingly unnecessary，expensive and socially unacceptable．
However，it is easier said than done．Now my car is gone．I still need to get around．But how I already cycle to work and use public transport when appropriate．But there are some occasions when a car seems to be the only way．
I won't buy one：I have joined a car-share program and will use taxis more often．I will hire a car if I need to drive a long distance．But then I am still travelling in fossil-fuelled cars (燃油汽车)，like when I quit meat and ended up eating more cheese．I fear I may have swapped one environmental problem for another．
I am also afraid to think about the ultimate fate of my car．I have just offloaded more than a ton of metal，plastic，rubber，fabric，electronics，oil and petrol that will end up in a landfill．There are millions of similar vehicles in the UK alone that will have to go somewhere．
Maybe I am overthinking it．According to Charlie Wilson，a climate scientist at the UK's Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research，getting rid of a private car is no doubt a positive step to reduce CO2 emissions．
He points to research by the OECD's International Transport Forum．“They showed that moving from a private vehicle fleet (车队) to a shared vehicle fleet can greatly cut the number of vehicles you need to deliver the mobility that we need and want．If that vehicle fleet is electrified，you can also bring CO2 emissions close to zero．”
So in other words，just get rid of your car．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者因为经济原因废弃掉了自己的旧车，也没有买新的车，但是不管是什么原因作者认为是做了正确的事情，他认为这可以有助于减少二氧化碳的排放，为环境作出贡献。
12．What do we know about the author's car
A．It was old．
B．It was green．
C．It was his first car．
D．It was a second-hand car．
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A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We had 12 fine years together，but our relationship was becoming dysfunctional．(我们一起度过了美好的十二年，但是我们的关系渐渐变的不正常。)”可知，作者的车很老了。故选A。]
13．What do the author's giving up meat and saying goodbye to his car have in common
A．He did both for the wrong reasons．
B．He thinks both help him save money．
C．He considers both are right decisions．
D．He did both out of concern for the environment．
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C [推理判断题。根据第二段的内容和第三段中的“But doing the right thing for the wrong reasons is still doing the right thing…(但是出于错误的原因做正确的事情，仍然是做正确的事……)”可推知，作者认为不管是戒肉还是跟车说再见都是正确的事情。故选C。]
14．What does the author fear
A．He may have to spend more on travel．
B．His lifestyle might be changed completely．
C．He might get bored with public transportation．
D．His decision may fail to help the environment．
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D [推理判断题。根据第五段“But then I am still travelling in fossil-fuelled cars，like when I quit meat and ended up eating more cheese．I fear I may have swapped one environmental problem for another．(但是我仍然使用燃油汽车，就像当我不吃肉了，结果最后吃更多的奶酪一样。我害怕我可能已经把一个环境问题换成另一个了。)”可知，作者担心他的决定可能对环境无益。故选D。]
15．What does Charlie Wilson say
A．It is wise to do away with old private cars．
B．It is very easy to deal with old private cars．
C．Electric cars are the solution to traffic problems．
D．The OECD plays a key role in promoting car-sharing．
√
A [细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“According to Charlie Wilson，a climate scientist at the UK's Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research，getting rid of a private car is no doubt a positive step to reduce CO2 emissions．(根据一位英国廷德尔气候变化研究中心的气候科学家Charlie Wilson所说，摆脱私家车无疑是一个减少二氧化碳排放的积极的步骤。)”以及倒数第二段中的“They showed that moving from a private vehicle fleet to a shared vehicle fleet can greatly cut the number of vehicles you need to deliver the mobility that we need and want．If that vehicle fleet is electrified，you can also bring CO2
emissions close to zero．(他们表明，从私人车队转向共享车队可以大大减少我们需要和想要的交通工具的数量。如果车队是电动的，你也可以使排放量接近于零。)”可知，Charlie Wilson认为抛弃旧的私家车是明智的。故选A。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Show Emotion
If anyone has ever told you to “open up more”or “show some emotion”you may wonder what they really meant．It's easy for us to get caught up in our own little worlds and hide what we're feeling from other people． 16 ．But if you can open up more to others，you'll see how rewarding it is to connect on a deeper level．
17 ．Relax and think through your feelings as they come to you．Whenever you feel something，take a second to sit with what you're feeling．Think about how you feel and let the emotion wash over you naturally．
Name your emotions as they come to you．Giving your feeling a name makes it easier to understand．Once you're comfortable with a feeling．Give the emotion a name．Are you anxious about something？If you don't feel anything particularly moving，are you bored or content？This process will make you more self-aware． 18 ．
Maintain a journal for your feelings．One way to help you to open up emotionally to others is to keep a daily journal． 19 ．Every day，write down a paragraph or two about your day and how it makes you feel．This will help you track your feeling over time and put you more in tune with yourself．
Engage in fun activities to share experiences with others．Do things you enjoy with people you love to share positive emotions．Dedicate one night a week to go out and grab dinner with your family． 20 ，or go on a 20-minute walk every day．Being emotionally available and sharing how you feel is a lot easier when you have fun with the people you care about．
A．Push yourself to share every day
B．Take a minute to process emotions
C．Take a cooking class with your partner
D．Open up and get used to sharing how you feel
E．It will also help you express what you're feeling
F．Treat it as a special space for you to open up and be honest
G．Sometimes，we don't even realize we're being guarded or hiding our feelings
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些表达自己情绪的方法。
16．G [根据上文“我们很容易陷入自己的小世界，对别人隐瞒自己的感受”可知，G项“有时候，我们甚至没有意识到自己在被保护或隐藏自己的感情”符合题意，选项中的“hiding our feelings”呼应上文的“hide what we're feeling from other people”。故选G。]
17．B [空处为本段主旨句。根据下文内容可知，本段建议我们用一点时间整理自己的情绪。B项“花一分钟来处理情绪”可以作为主旨句，概括本段主要内容。故选B。]
18．E [空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“This process will make you more self-aware．(这个过程会让你更加有自我意识。)”可知，下文应继续陈述给自己的情绪命名的好处。E项“它还将帮助你表达你的感受”符合题意，also表明上下文为顺承关系，“help”呼应上文的“make you more self-aware”。故选E。]
19．F [根据上文“帮助你在情感上向他人敞开心扉的一种方法是每天记日记”和下文“每天，写下一两段关于你的一天以及它带给你的感觉”可知，空处应陈述这样做的目的。F项“把它当作一个让你敞开心扉，坦诚相待的特殊空间”符合语境，选项中的“it”指代上文的“keep a daily journal”。故选F。]
20．C [根据上文“每周抽出一个晚上和家人一起出去吃饭”以及下文“或者每天步行20分钟”可知，上下文都在列举一些和他人一起进行的活动。由此推知，空处也应列举某种活动。C项“和你的搭档一起上烹饪课”符合题意。故选C。]
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
While waiting for my train，I saw a young man sitting on the station's floor，head down．I thought he was 21 ，I looked around and nobody
22 ，so I just shrugged and went on my way．After a few steps I 23 and found he was drunk．I asked him if he was OK and if he needed any
24 ．He told me he was OK．He said his house was one station further．
He wanted to take the stairs but I 25 he would hurt himself since he seemed too 26 to walk．So I asked him to take the elevator．He
27 taking the stairs．I told him I would ride the elevator with him，even though my mind was trying to 28 me not to go into an elevator alone with a drunken man．
The man couldn't 29 well，so I asked him to walk a little more with me to 30 on a bench．While sitting there he 31 me，telling me that I saved him．
Finally，we got on the train．At the next 32 ，as we said our goodbye，I asked him to walk 33 ．Before I knew it，he left $20 next to me on the seat and 34 out of the train．There was no way to give him back his money．
Now，my 35 is—what act of kindness shall I do with these $20
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次搭乘火车的经历：帮助一位“醉汉”搭乘火车回家，并收到了他的感谢金20美元的故事。
21．A．drinking B．thinking
C．sleeping D．recovering
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C [句意：“我”以为他在睡觉(sleep)，“我”环顾四周，没有人停下来(stop)，所以“我”只是耸耸肩，继续走路。根据语境可知，作者以为这个年轻人低着头在睡觉。故选C项。]
22．A．waited B．stopped
C．acted D．escaped
B [句意见上题解析。根据语境可知，这个年轻人低着头，坐在车站的地板上，没有人停下来关注他。故选B项。]
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23．A．turned B．arose
C．suffered D．bargained
√
A [句意：走了几步，“我”转过身(turn)来，发现他喝醉了。根据后文“found he was drunk(发现他喝醉了)”可知，作者走了几步，转过身才能发现这个年轻人的情况。故选A项。]
24．A．food B．money
C．patience D．help
√
D [根据语境可知，此处指“我”问他是否还好，是否需要帮助(help)。故选D项。]
25．A．doubted B．decided
C．hoped D．feared
D [根据语境可知，此处指他想爬楼梯，但“我”担心他会受伤，因为他看起来太虚弱了，不能走路。故选D项。]
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26．A．fast B．steady
C．weak D．slow
C [根据语境可知，此处指根据语境可知，这个年轻人喝醉了坐在地上，说明他很虚弱。故选C项。]
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27．A．insisted on B．dreamed of
C．believed in D．depended on
A [根据语境可知，此处指他坚持(insist on)走楼梯。故选A项。]
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28．A．allow B．invite
C．wish D．remind
D [根据语境可知，此处指“我”告诉他“我”会和他一起乘电梯，尽管“我”心里一直在提醒自己不要和一个醉汉单独进电梯。故选D项。]
√
29．A．sing B．perform
C．stand D．sleep
√
C [句意：那个人站(stand)不稳，所以“我”让他和我再走一段，在长凳上休息(rest)一下。根据语境可知，这个年轻人喝醉了，且之前坐在地上，因此“站不好”，且后文提到“on a bench”。故选C项。]
30．A．rest B．survive
C．chat D．lie
A [句意见上题解析。根据后文“While sitting there…”可知，他们坐到了长椅上休息。故选A项。]
31．A．noticed B．thanked
C．praised D．begged
B [句意：他坐在那里感谢(thank)“我”，告诉“我”是“我”救了他。根据后文“telling me that I saved him”可知，年轻人向“我”表示感谢。故选B项。]
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32．A．position B．journey
C．mile D．station
D [句意：在下
