英语 必修 第二册RJ
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．hip－hop n. 嘻哈音乐；嘻哈文化
2．techno n. 泰克诺音乐(一种电子音乐)
3．bagpipes n. [pl.] 风笛
4．stringed instrument 弦乐器
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．energy n. 能源；能量；精力
2．soul n. 灵魂；心灵
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．classical adj. 古典的；经典的→classic n. 经典；经典作品 adj. 典型的；有代表性的
2．stringed adj. 有弦的→string n. 弦；(管弦乐团的)弦乐器
一、爆破音的发音规律
爆破音是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。英语中有6个爆破音，即/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/，但在某些情况下，发爆破音时，气流不必冲破阻碍，而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍并稍作停顿(也就是说，做出要发出这个爆破音的准备，但不要发出声来)，这样的发音过程叫不完全爆破。
1．/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/这6个爆破音中的任何两个音素相邻时，前者发不完全爆破音，后者则要完全地、彻底地进行爆破。如：
(1)He has a ba(d) col(d) today.
(2)You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children.
(3)Gla(d) to meet you.
2．爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/在/t /, /θ/, / /, /dz/, /ts/等摩擦音和破擦音的前面时不完全爆破。如：
(1)Have you rea(d) the book abou(t) tha(t) child.
(2)The thir(d) chair is broken.
3．爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/在/m/, /n/, /l/等鼻音和舌侧音的前面时不完全爆破。如：
(1)Goo(d) morning, sir.
(2)Goo(d) night.
(3)They are very frien(d)ly to us.
二、读下列句子，体会爆破音
1．He has a ba(d) col(d) today.
2．You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children.
3．Gla(d) to meet you.
4．Have you read the book about tha(t) child
5．The thir(d) chair is broken.
6．Goo(d) morning, sir.
7．Goo(d) night.
8．They are very frien(d)ly to us.
三、话题悦读
Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or memory loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat.
Why is music a useful therapy Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our brains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. The complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms, melodies and harmonies) provokes (激发) the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or hip－hop music might be fun to listen to, it's unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect.
Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins (内啡肽). Endorphins are the body's natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person's heart rate. Many people are hopeful that music could replace the need for some medications that are normally used to treat certain illnesses. At present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes, day cares, and schools.
Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. So next time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you.
读后请用自己的话概述上面语篇的内容。
Music__therapy__is__a__useful__way__to__treat__illness__because__our__brain__can__be__stimulated__by__music,__especially__complex__music.__That's__why__classical__music__is__most__commonly__used.__The__principle__of__music__therapy__is__to__increase__the__release__of__endorphins__to__help__treatment.__Although__music__therapy__is__not__used__widely,__it__is__increasingly__regarded__as__an__effective__complement__to__treatment.
探究一 热词
(一)高频词
1.energy n. 能源；能量；精力(教材P51)
energetic adj. 精力充沛的；积极的 energetically adv. 精力充沛地 be full of energy 精力充沛 have the energy to do sth 有精力做某事 apply/devote one's energies to ... (to为介词)把某人的精力用在…… be energetic in doing sth 积极做某事
【语境感知】
①We need to be more energetic in promoting ourselves abroad.
我们需要更积极地向国外宣传自己。
②She was full of energy after her vacation.
她度假后精力充沛。
③I didn't even have the energy to get out of bed.
我甚至没有力气下床。
④She had started to apply/devote her energies to teaching rather than performing.
她开始把精力投入教学而不是表演。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She's devoting all her energies to the wedding plans.
②Her writing is full of passion and energy.
③He knew I was energetic (energy) and dynamic and would get things done.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④我现在没有精力处理这件事。
I__don't__have__the__energy__to__deal__with__it__right__now.
2.soul n. 灵魂；心灵(教材P51)
soulless adj. 没有生气的；乏味的；呆板的 touch one's soul 触动某人的心灵 in one's soul 在某人内心/灵魂深处 heart and soul 全心全意 put one's heart and soul into ... 全心全意投入到……
【语境感知】
①There was a feeling of restlessness deep in her soul.
她内心深处感到焦躁不安。
②Government officials are servants of people and they should serve the people heart and soul.
政府官员是人民的公仆，应当全心全意为人民服务。
③“I will put my heart and soul into the job，”he promises.
他承诺，“我会全身心投入到工作中”。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①A dancer must put her heart and soul into every performance.
②The beauty of a woman is not in a facial mode, but the true beauty in a woman is reflected in her soul.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我读过你的许多文章，但没有一篇像这篇文章一样触动我的灵魂。
I have read many of your articles, but__nothing__touched__my__soul__like__this__one．
(二)拓展词
3.classical adj. 古典的；经典的→classic n. 经典，经典作品 adj. 典型的；有代表性的
【语境感知】
The museum's collection includes both classic works of art and a range of classical musical instruments.
博物馆的藏品既包括经典的艺术作品，也有一系列古典乐器。
4.stringed adj. 有弦的→string n. 弦；(管弦乐团的)弦乐器
【语境感知】
The skilled musician carefully selected the stringed instrument, adjusting the strings to perfection before playing.
这位技艺高超的音乐家精心挑选了弦乐器，在演奏前将琴弦调整到最佳状态。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Pianos stay in tune much better than most stringed (string) instruments.
②He studied classical (classic) architecture and design in Rome.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③小提琴是用弓演奏的一种弦乐器。
Violin__is__a__stringed__instrument__played__with__a__bow.
④你喜欢古典音乐还是流行音乐？
Do__you__prefer__classical__music__or__pop__music
探究二 长难句分析
5.Classical music makes me feel like I'm sitting beside a quiet stream and enjoying nature. (教材P50) 古典音乐让我感觉好像坐在一条静静的溪流旁边，享受着自然。
【分析】 feel like是动词短语，意为“感觉好像；想要”，“I'm sitting ...”为省略that的宾语从句。 feel like的常见用法： feel like＋(that)从句 感觉好像是…… feel like＋doing 想(要)做…… feel like＋物质名词 摸上去像是…… feel like＋名词/代词 给人的感觉(像)是……
【语境感知】
①On the train up to Waterloo, I felt like (that) I was going on an adventure.
在开往滑铁卢的火车上，我感觉自己正在经历一场冒险。
②I'm so tired that I feel like going straight to bed.
我好累，想直接上床睡觉。
③It's nice fabric—it feels like velvet.
这布料很好，摸起来像天鹅绒。
④It's been a year since her husband died, but to her, it still feels like yesterday.
她的丈夫已经过世一年了，但对她来说，这还仿佛像是在昨天。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There was a moment when I felt like doing (do) the same thing.
②The interview only took ten minutes, but it felt like hours.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③我感觉我们不是陌生人。
I__don't__feel__like__we__are__strangers.
④我很渴，现在想喝水。
I__am__very__thirsty__and__feel__like__drinking__now.
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义
(C)1.energy (E)2.stringed (A)3.soul (D)4.hip－hop (B)5.classical A．n. 灵魂；心灵 B．adj. 古典的；经典的 C．n. 能源；能量；精力 D．n. 嘻哈音乐；嘻哈文化 E．adj. 有弦的 (D)6.stringed instrument (B)7.full of energy (C)8.classical music (A)9.heart and soul (E)10.felt like doing sth A.全心全意 B.精力充沛 C.古典音乐 D.弦乐器 E.想（要）做某事
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．soul n. 灵魂；心灵
2．techno n. 泰克诺音乐(一种电子音乐)
3．classical adj. 古典的；经典的
4．energy n. 能源；能量；精力
5．stringed adj. 有弦的
6．hip－hop n. 嘻哈音乐；嘻哈文化
7．remind vt. 提醒；使想起
8．bagpipes n. [pl.] 风笛
9．touch v. 触摸；接触；感动
10．special adj. 特殊的；特别的
Ⅲ.选词填空
hip－hop, touch, instrument, bagpipe，energy, soul, remind, classical
1．They say that the eyes are the window to the soul．
2．The bagpipe is a sweet musical instrument.
3．Buddha jumping over the wall—the most famous and classical dish, which has a long history since the Qing Dynasty.
4．He divides his energies between politics and business.
5．During the 1980s, hip－hop became popular all over the USA.
6．Learning a musical instrument introduces a child to an understanding of music.
7．You remind me of your father when you say that.
8．There is a love that is shown out from her and touches everyone she meets.
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1．The pipa is the most popular of China's many stringed (string) instruments.
2．You were playing some music, and it sounded very beautiful (beauty)．
3．I love to cook, but I don't feel like spending (spend) the energy to do it every day.
4．I sleep more soundly at night, and feel more energetic (energy) during the day.
5．Of course folk music, traditional (tradition) songs and dances had always been part of everyday life.
6．He put his heart and soul into running that gymnasium.
7．In the field of classical (classic) music, he still reigns supreme.
8．In order to make it easier (easy) to learn, this film has been divided into four parts.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．Her speech was inspiring and touched__my__heart (打动了我的心) deeply.
2．I love sales, full__of__energy (精力充沛), and have a strong sense of responsibility.
3．A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he put__his__heart__and__soul__into (全心全意投入到) his reading.
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．你永远无法完全理解古典音乐之美。
You__will__never__fully__grasp__the__beauty__of__classical__music.
2．那个小女孩长大后想在太空工作。
The__little__girl__feel__like__working__in__space__when__she__grows__up.
3．二胡是一种弦乐器，是中国传统音乐中最著名的乐器。
Erhu,__a__kind__of__stringed__instrument,__is__the__most__famous__one__in__the__Chinese__traditional__music.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·云南省昆明市北清实验学校高一下月考)American country music is also known as country－western music. It has a very long history. It comes from the folk songs of immigrants from Britain. Country music uses simple music and words to express everyday feelings such as loneliness, love, and sadness. That is to say, country music describes life. It talks about friends and enemies, trucks and roads, farm and crops. People in many parts of the world like country music, because everyone can understand what the music is about.
Country－western music became popular first among cowboys in the American west countryside. Cowboys had to take care of cows day and night. When they were alone with the cows, they often sang beautiful and peaceful songs to calm__the__animals and to overcome their own fear. They were not well educated and so they sang about their daily life in very simple words. They played guitars，violins and other instruments. In the south of America, many people added instrument from their homes, like bottles and spoons. When cowboys visited their friends and families on holidays like Thanksgiving, they usually sang and played country－western music.
In recent years, many musicians have made country－western music a little different from the one in the past. These changes make the songs sound even better. Today singers such as Carth Brooks, Reba McEntire, Emmylou Harris, Lyle Lovett, Eddie Rabbitt, LeAnn Rimes, Randy Travis and a group called Alabama are singing and playing in different styles. They have brought country－western music more and more fans from all over the world.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国乡村音乐的发展历史和现状。
1．According to the passage, people like American country music because ________．( )
A．it has a long history
B．it comes from Europe
C．it is sung by cowboys
D．it is easy to understand
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People in many parts ... music is about.”可知，人们喜欢美国乡村音乐是因为它很容易被理解。故选D。
2．The underlined words “calm the animals” in Paragraph 2 mean “make the animals become ________”．( )
A．sad and lonely B．quiet and relaxed
C．angry and wild D．upset and scared
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句“When they were ... their own fear.”可知，牛仔唱优美而平静的歌来安抚动物，让它们克服恐惧，由此可推知，画线部分意为“使动物安静并放松下来”。故选B。
3．People may play the following things as instruments except ________．( )
A．violins B．bottles
C．knives D．spoons
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They played guitars ... like bottles and spoons.(他们演奏吉他、小提琴和其他乐器。在美国南部，许多人从家里拿出一些乐器，像瓶子和勺子。)”可知，刀不是演奏的乐器。故选C。
4．Which of these is mentioned in the passage？( )
A．Early immigrants lived a very simple life.
B．Many country music singers are not well educated.
C．Cowboys usually played country－western music on holidays.
D．In the west of America, cowboys added instruments from their homes.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When cowboys visited ... country－western music.”可知，牛仔们经常在假期演奏乡村音乐。故选C。
B
(2024·福建省厦门海沧实验中学高一下月考)The Music Educator Award, this year, went to Annie Ray, an orchestra (管弦乐队) director at Annandale High School. She was recognized for her efforts to make music accessible to all students, particularly those with disabilities. Ray got to attend the awards ceremony in Los Angeles and bring home a $10，000 prize.
Ray created the Crescendo Orchestra for students with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities, as well as a parent orchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year to play the same instrument as their child. Ray also works with a local charity to give damaged instruments a second life in her classroom.
The orchestra is about much more than just making music. The most important is to give students a chance to develop their cooperation skills, make mistakes and learn the art of refining something. Ray pushes her students to be brave, go outside their comfort zone and realize they have to learn how to make bad sounds before learning how to make good sounds. And they teach her a lot in return. “They changed my educational philosophy. I understand what it truly means to meet a student where they're at and apply that elsewhere，” she said.
The warm reception on the ceremony was meaningful. Actually, not many people understand what exactly music educators do or how much their work matters. While her administration is supportive, that lack of understanding is a problem facing the profession in general. Another is resources. She says her school “desperately” needs new instruments. She will use some of her prize money to buy more.
Ray also plans to put some of the money towards an ongoing scholarship for students who want to pursue music when they graduate. She knows of several, those particularly interested in music, and aims to offer financial support needed to realize their musical dreams. “It is hard but truly satisfying，” Ray said. “And there's nothing else like it for them.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了音乐教育工作者Ray (雷)把音乐带给更多的人，并因此获得了音乐教育工作者奖。
5．What can we learn about Ray from the first two paragraphs？( )
A．She hosted the award ceremony.
B．She brought music to more people.
C．She gave away instruments to the poor.
D．She founded a local charity for children.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She was recognized ... with disabilities.”和第二段中的“Ray created the Crescendo Orchestra ... as their child.”可知，Ray把音乐带给了更多人。故选B。
6．What do students benefit most from the orchestra？( )
A．They acquire in depth musical knowledge.
B．They make friends with the like minded.
C．They gain personal growth from playing music.
D．They improve their connections with educators.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The most important ... refining something. (最重要的是给学生一个机会来发展他们的合作技能、去犯错误和学习改进的艺术。)”可推知，学生从演奏音乐中获得的最大益处是个人的成长。故选C。
7．What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about？( )
A．The reception on the ceremony.
B．Importance of music education.
C．Challenges for music educators.
D．Plans to obtain resources.
答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要讲述人们的不理解以及资源的缺乏是音乐教育工作者面临的困难。因此，本段主要介绍了音乐教育工作者遇到的挑战。故选C。
8．What does Ray find satisfying according to the last paragraph？( )
A．Winning a scholarship.
B．Developing interest in music.
C．Making musical achievements.
D．Transforming dreams into reality.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She knows of several ... it for them.”可知，令Ray满意的是帮助对音乐感兴趣的人实现音乐梦想。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·山东省滕州市第一中学高一下月考)It's happened to all of us: a song comes on the radio, and we are immediately transported back to a time in our past. 1(____)
There are a few things that connect tunes with our memories. Music is often a necessary element of many important life events, and it is also very effective in arresting our attention. 2(____) Besides, the emotional nature of music helps make it particularly memorable.
We often become familiar with a piece of music because we hear it as background music. The more familiar a piece of music is, the more effective it is in bringing back memories. 3(____) The reason is that we are far more likely to hear a song over and over again than to watch a film or a TV programme in the same way.
Tiffany Jenkins, writing for a culture column, has a different opinion: 4(____) She tells us how throughout history oral cultures have passed important knowledge from generation to generation through songs because of this characteristic. The rhythm (韵律) and rhyme in lines of songs all serve as memory aids.
5(____) This fact corresponds with what many experts call the “reminiscence bump (怀旧性记忆)”， where older adults (over forty) have increased recollection of events that occurred during their adolescence and early adulthood.
It's clear that our memories and music are closely linked—to the point that music is being used to help Alzheimer's disease (阿尔兹海默病) sufferers access memories that they thought they had lost.
A．Familiarity is important.
B．Music itself is easy to remember.
C．But what makes music so effective in doing this
D．Our musical preference usually forms during our teens.
E．This applies to music more than other cultural products.
F．Pop music especially can be connected with an important memory.
G．Music and these life events are likely to be linked together in our memories.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章对音乐为什么总是会唤起人们的某些回忆进行了解释。
1．答案：C
解析：根据前文“It's happened to all of us ... in our past.”可知，音乐会唤起人们的回忆。C项(但是什么让音乐在这方面如此有效呢？)承接前文，后文“There are a few ... with our memories.”是对C项问题的回答。故选C。
2．答案：G
解析：根据前文“Music is often a necessary element ... our attention.”可知，音乐是许多重要生活事件的组成部分，并且很容易引起我们的注意。G项(音乐和这些生活事件很可能在我们的记忆中联系在一起。)承接前文。故选G。
3．答案：E
解析：根据后文“The reason ... in the same way.”可知，比起电影或电视节目等，音乐更有可能唤起回忆。E项(比起其他文化产品，这更适用于音乐。)引出后文。故选E。
4．答案：B
解析：根据后文“She tells us ... memory aids.”可知，歌词的节奏和韵律都可以帮助记忆。B项(音乐本身很容易记住。)引出后文。故选B。
5．答案：D
解析：根据后文“This fact ... early adulthood.(这一事实与许多专家所说的‘怀旧性记忆’相吻合，即年龄较大的成年人(40岁以上)对青春期和成年早期发生的事件的回忆增加。)”可知，D项(我们的音乐偏好通常在青少年时期形成。)引出后文，后文中的“This fact”指代D项所表示的内容。故选D。
精深阅读
(2024·重庆市巴蜀中学高一下月考)Hip hop is a subculture and an art movement that emerged from the Bronx in New York City during the early 1970s. Its development reflected the negative effects of post－industrial decline, political discourse, and a rapidly changing economy.
Looking back to New York City during this era, we see an economic collapse. The city's economy was falling apart due to the decline of the manufacturing industry. Much of the middle class moved to the suburbs to escape the social and economic challenges.
Consequently, businesses closed their doors, causing many economic opportunities and sources of entertainment to disappear. As a result, urban youth turned to the streets for recreation and self－expression. The abandoned buildings and parking lots set the stage for block parties. These block parties laid the groundwork for early hip hop culture. DJs and MCs brought the music by setting up mobile “Sound Systems” introduced by Jamaican culture. Sheets of cardboard became dance floors for break dancers, and brick walls transformed into canvases for graffiti. The emerging hip hop culture also became an outlet to deal with despair, abandonment and even violence.
Several people were influential in creating hip hop. Among the most famous ones is DJ Kool Herc, the “founding father of hip hop”. The Jamaican American made history in 1973 when he and his sister hosted the “Back to School” party in their apartment building. This historical party is recognized for launching the hip hop movement. Herc was also famous for creating a DJ technique called “break beat”—a mixing practice he adapted from Jamaican music. He noticed that people often waited for drum breaks of a record to dance. This took place when every instrument stopped playing except for the drums. Then the DJ would use two turntables to switch back and forth between two copies of the same record. The break section was also the most anticipated part of a song where people danced the most.
The DJ kept growing in popularity throughout the 1970s. He moved on to larger parks, played in clubs and inspired other DJs who helped this type of dance music to develop.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了嘻哈音乐的兴起以及其中一位代表人物Kool Herc (库尔·赫克)。
1．Why did hip hop culture emerge in the Bronx during the early 1970s
A．Because of the economic downturn and social circumstances.
B．Because of the post industrial economy and cultural diversity.
C．Because of the popularity of Jamaican music and dance culture.
D．Because of young people's need for new forms of entertainment.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Hip hop is ... rapidly changing economy.(嘻哈是一种亚文化和艺术运动，在20世纪70年代初出现在纽约市的布朗克斯。它的发展反映了后工业衰退、政治话语和快速变化的经济的负面影响。)”可推知，由于经济衰退和社会环境，嘻哈文化于20世纪70年代初在布朗克斯兴起。故选A。
2．What was the foundation for hip hop culture in the beginning
A．Economic challenges.
B．Jamaican music.
C．Community gatherings.
D．Despair and violence.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The abandoned buildings ... hip hop culture.”可知，社区派对最初是嘻哈文化的基础。故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “outlet” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A．A place to seek entertainment.
B．A movement for social changes.
C．A campaign for commercial purposes.
D．A channel to release negative emotions.
答案：D
解析：指代判断题。根据画线词下文“to deal with despair, abandonment and even violence (来应对绝望，遗弃，甚至暴力)”可知，新兴的嘻哈文化成了人们发泄绝望、遗弃和暴力的一种途径，由此可推知，outlet表示“一种释放负面情绪的渠道”。故选D。
4．What can be known about DJ Kool Herc
A．“Back to School” was the first party held by him.
B．He helped spread hip hop culture by giving concerts.
C．He was well－known for the “break beat” dancing skill.
D．He was highly thought of as a pioneer of hip－hop culture.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Several people were ... ‘founding father of hip hop’．(有几个人在创造嘻哈音乐方面很有影响力。其中最著名的是Kool Herc，他被称为‘嘻哈之父’。)”可知，Kool Herc被认为是嘻哈文化的先驱。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．emerge v. 出现
2．negative adj. 消极的；负面的
3．collapse n. 崩溃；突然失败
4．consequently adv. 因此；所以
5．groundwork n. 基础；基础工作；准备工作
(二)高频短语
6．emerge__from 从……冒出来；浮现
7．fall apart 崩溃；垮掉；散架
8．as a result 因此
9．be influential in 在……方面有影响力
10．adapt__from 改编自……
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．It can make us better suit for the changing (change) weather and environment.
12．It is difficult to find work in the present economic (economy) climate.
13．They fused two different types of entertainment (entertain), the circus and the rock concert.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．I looked at my wife in despair. 绝望
15．Can they switch back and forth between the two systems？转换
16．An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.减少
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
escape， famous， disappear
17．It is hard to pin down what has been causing honeybees to vanish.disappear
18．Every few years some of them move to avoid the crowded conditions.escape
19．The band were known for their preposterous clothes and haircuts.famous
(六)长难句分析
20．Consequently, businesses closed their doors, causing many economic opportunities and sources of entertainment to disappear.
句意：因此，企业纷纷关门，导致许多经济机会和娱乐来源消失。
分析：主干是businesses__closed__their__doors；现在分词短语causing ... 作结果状语；动词不定式to disappear作宾语补足语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．You are the leader and only you can be__influential__in (在……方面有影响力) the decision.
22．I was__falling__apart (要崩溃了). I wasn't getting any sleep.
(八)仿写句子
23．Hip hop is a subculture and an art movement that emerged from the Bronx in New York City during the early 1970s.(that引导定语从句)
仿写：从经验中涌现出的智慧通常指导我们做出更好的决定。
The__wisdom__that__emerges__from__experience__often__guides__us__in__making__better__decisions.
17(共69张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
单元主题：人与社会——音乐
Unit 5 MUSIC
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 助力听说
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．hip－hop n. ______________________
2．techno n. ______________________
3．bagpipes n. [pl.] ________
4．stringed instrument ________
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．________ n. 能源；能量；精力
2．________ n. 灵魂；心灵
嘻哈音乐；嘻哈文化
泰克诺音乐(一种电子音乐)
风笛
弦乐器
energy
soul
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．_________ adj. 古典的；经典的→ _________ n. 经典；经典作品 adj. 典型的；有代表性的
2． _________ adj. 有弦的→ _________ n. 弦；(管弦乐团的)弦乐器
classical
classic
stringed
string
自主学习 助力听说
一、爆破音的发音规律
爆破音是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。英语中有6个爆破音，即/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/，但在某些情况下，发爆破音时，气流不必冲破阻碍，而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍并稍作停顿(也就是说，做出要发出这个爆破音的准备，但不要发出声来)，这样的发音过程叫不完全爆破。
1．/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/这6个爆破音中的任何两个音素相邻时，前者发不完全爆破音，后者则要完全地、彻底地进行爆破。如：
(1)He has a ba(d) col(d) today.
(2)You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children.
(3)Gla(d) to meet you.
2．爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/在/t /, /θ/, / /, /dz/, /ts/等摩擦音和破擦音的前面时不完全爆破。如：
(1)Have you rea(d) the book abou(t) tha(t) child.
(2)The thir(d) chair is broken.
3．爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/在/m/, /n/, /l/等鼻音和舌侧音的前面时不完全爆破。如：
(1)Goo(d) morning, sir.
(2)Goo(d) night.
(3)They are very frien(d)ly to us.
二、读下列句子，体会爆破音
1．He has a ba(d) col(d) today.
2．You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children.
3．Gla(d) to meet you.
4．Have you read the book about tha(t) child
5．The thir(d) chair is broken.
6．Goo(d) morning, sir.
7．Goo(d) night.
8．They are very frien(d)ly to us.
三、话题悦读
Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or memory loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat.
Why is music a useful therapy Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our brains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. The complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms, melodies and harmonies) provokes (激发) the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or hip－hop music might be fun to listen to, it's unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect.
Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins (内啡肽). Endorphins are the body's natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person's heart rate. Many people are hopeful that music could replace the need for some medications that are normally used to treat certain illnesses. At present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes, day cares, and schools.
Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. So next time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you.
读后请用自己的话概述上面语篇的内容。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness because our brain can be stimulated by music, especially complex music. That's why classical music is most commonly used. The principle of music therapy is to increase the release of endorphins to help treatment. Although music therapy is not used widely, it is increasingly regarded as an effective complement to treatment.
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 热词
（一）高频词
1.energy n. 能源；能量；精力(教材P51)
energetic adj. 精力充沛的；积极的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地
be full of energy 精力充沛
have the energy to do sth 有精力做某事
apply/devote one's energies to ... (to为介词)把某人的精力用在……
be energetic in doing sth 积极做某事
【语境感知】
①We need to be more energetic in promoting ourselves abroad.
我们需要更积极地向国外宣传自己。
②She was full of energy after her vacation.
她度假后精力充沛。
③I didn't even have the energy to get out of bed.
我甚至没有力气下床。
④She had started to apply/devote her energies to teaching rather than performing.
她开始把精力投入教学而不是表演。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She's devoting all her energies ____ the wedding plans.
②Her writing is full _____ passion and energy.
③He knew I was _________ (energy) and dynamic and would get things done.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④我现在没有精力处理这件事。
______________________________________________________
to
of
energetic
I don't have the energy to deal with it right now.
2.soul n. 灵魂；心灵(教材P51)
soulless adj. 没有生气的；乏味的；呆板的
touch one's soul 触动某人的心灵
in one's soul 在某人内心/灵魂深处
heart and soul 全心全意
put one's heart and soul into ... 全心全意投入到……
【语境感知】
①There was a feeling of restlessness deep in her soul.
她内心深处感到焦躁不安。
②Government officials are servants of people and they should serve the people heart and soul.
政府官员是人民的公仆，应当全心全意为人民服务。
③“I will put my heart and soul into the job，”he promises.
他承诺，“我会全身心投入到工作中”。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①A dancer must put her heart and soul ______ every performance.
②The beauty of a woman is not in a facial mode, but the true beauty in a woman is reflected ____ her soul.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我读过你的许多文章，但没有一篇像这篇文章一样触动我的灵魂。
I have read many of your articles, _____________________________________．
into
in
but nothing touched my soul like this one
3.classical adj. 古典的；经典的→__________n. 经典，经典作品 adj. 典型的；有代表性的
（二）拓展词
【语境感知】
The museum's collection includes both classic works of art and a range of classical musical instruments.
博物馆的藏品既包括经典的艺术作品，也有一系列古典乐器。
classic
4.stringed adj. 有弦的→________ n. 弦；(管弦乐团的)弦乐器
【语境感知】
The skilled musician carefully selected the stringed instrument, adjusting the strings to perfection before playing.
这位技艺高超的音乐家精心挑选了弦乐器，在演奏前将琴弦调整到最佳状态。
string
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Pianos stay in tune much better than most _______ (string) instruments.
②He studied __________ (classic) architecture and design in Rome.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③小提琴是用弓演奏的一种弦乐器。
___________________________________________________________
④你喜欢古典音乐还是流行音乐？
__________________________________________________________
stringed
classical
Violin is a stringed instrument played with a bow.
Do you prefer classical music or pop music
探究二 长难句分析
5.Classical music makes me feel like I'm sitting beside a quiet stream and enjoying nature. (教材P50)
古典音乐让我感觉好像坐在一条静静的溪流旁边，享受着自然。
【分析】 feel like是动词短语，意为“感觉好像；想要”，“I'm sitting ...”为省略that的宾语从句。
feel like的常见用法：
feel like＋(that)从句 感觉好像是……
feel like＋doing 想(要)做……
feel like＋物质名词 摸上去像是……
feel like＋名词/代词 给人的感觉(像)是……
【语境感知】
①On the train up to Waterloo, I felt like (that) I was going on an adventure.
在开往滑铁卢的火车上，我感觉自己正在经历一场冒险。
②I'm so tired that I feel like going straight to bed.
我好累，想直接上床睡觉。
③It's nice fabric—it feels like velvet.
这布料很好，摸起来像天鹅绒。
④It's been a year since her husband died, but to her, it still feels like yesterday.
她的丈夫已经过世一年了，但对她来说，这还仿佛像是在昨天。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There was a moment when I felt like _______ (do) the same thing.
②The interview only took ten minutes, but it felt ______ hours.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③我感觉我们不是陌生人。
_______________________________________________________________
④我很渴，现在想喝水。
_______________________________________________________________
doing
like
I don't feel like we are strangers.
I am very thirsty and feel like drinking now.
对点练习 巩固所学
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义
(__)1.energy (__)2.stringed (__)3.soul (__)4.hip－hop (__)5.classical A.n. 灵魂；心灵 B.adj. 古典的；经典的 C.n. 能源；能量；精力 D.n. 嘻哈音乐；嘻哈文化 E.adj. 有弦的 (__)6.stringed instrument (__)7.full of energy (__)8.classical music (__)9.heart and soul (__)10.felt like doing sth A.全心全意
B.精力充沛
C.古典音乐
D.弦乐器
E.想(要)做某事
Ⅰ.匹配词义
C
E
A
D
B
D
B
C
A
E
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．_______ n. 灵魂；心灵
2． _______ n. 泰克诺音乐(一种电子音乐)
3． ________ adj. 古典的；经典的
4． ______ n. 能源；能量；精力
5． _______ adj. 有弦的
6． ________ n. 嘻哈音乐；嘻哈文化
7． ______ vt. 提醒；使想起
8． _______ n. [pl.] 风笛
9． ______ v. 触摸；接触；感动
10．_______ adj. 特殊的；特别的
soul
techno
classical
energy
stringed
hip－hop
remind
bagpipes
touch
special
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．They say that the eyes are the window to the ______．
2．The _________ is a sweet musical instrument.
3．Buddha jumping over the wall—the most famous and ________ dish, which has a long history since the Qing Dynasty.
4．He divides his ________ between politics and business.
5．During the 1980s, _________ became popular all over the USA.
6．Learning a musical __________ introduces a child to an understanding of music.
7．You _______ me of your father when you say that.
8．There is a love that is shown out from her and _______ everyone she meets.
soul
hip－hop, touch, instrument, bagpipe，energy, soul, remind, classical
bagpipe
classical
energies
hip－hop
instrument
remind
touches
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1．The pipa is the most popular of China's many _________(string) instruments.
2．You were playing some music, and it sounded very _________ (beauty)．
3．I love to cook, but I don't feel like _______ (spend) the energy to do it every day.
4．I sleep more soundly at night, and feel more _________(energy) during the day.
5．Of course folk music, __________ (tradition) songs and dances had always been part of everyday life.
6．He put his heart and soul _______ running that gymnasium.
7．In the field of _______ (classic) music, he still reigns supreme.
8．In order to make it _______ (easy) to learn, this film has been divided into four parts.
stringed
beautiful
spending
energetic
traditional
into
classical
easier
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．Her speech was inspiring and _________________(打动了我的心) deeply.
2．I love sales, _____________ (精力充沛), and have a strong sense of responsibility.
3．A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he __________________________ (全心全意投入到) his reading.
touched my heart
full of energy
put his heart and soul into
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．你永远无法完全理解古典音乐之美。
___________________________________________________________________
2．那个小女孩长大后想在太空工作。
___________________________________________________________________
3．二胡是一种弦乐器，是中国传统音乐中最著名的乐器。
_________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
You will never fully grasp the beauty of classical music.
The little girl feel like working in space when she grows up.
Erhu, a kind of stringed instrument, is the most famous one in the Chinese traditional music.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·云南省昆明市北清实验学校高一下月考)American country music is also known as country－western music. It has a very long history. It comes from the folk songs of immigrants from Britain. Country music uses simple music and words to express everyday feelings such as loneliness, love, and sadness. That is to say, country music describes life. It talks about friends and enemies, trucks and roads, farm and crops. People in many parts of the world like country music, because everyone can understand what the music is about.
Country－western music became popular first among cowboys in the American west countryside. Cowboys had to take care of cows day and night. When they were alone with the cows, they often sang beautiful and peaceful songs to calm__the__animals and to overcome their own fear. They were not well educated and so they sang about their daily life in very simple words. They played guitars，violins and other instruments. In the south of America, many people added instrument from their homes, like bottles and spoons. When cowboys visited their friends and families on holidays like Thanksgiving, they usually sang and played country－western music.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国乡村音乐的发展历史和现状。
篇章导读
In recent years, many musicians have made country－western music a little different from the one in the past. These changes make the songs sound even better. Today singers such as Carth Brooks, Reba McEntire, Emmylou Harris, Lyle Lovett, Eddie Rabbitt, LeAnn Rimes, Randy Travis and a group called Alabama are singing and playing in different styles. They have brought country－western music more and more fans from all over the world.
1．According to the passage, people like American country music because ________．( )
A．it has a long history
B．it comes from Europe
C．it is sung by cowboys
D．it is easy to understand
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People in many parts ... music is about.”可知，人们喜欢美国乡村音乐是因为它很容易被理解。故选D。
答案
解析
2．The underlined words “calm the animals” in Paragraph 2 mean “make the animals become ________”．( )
A．sad and lonely B．quiet and relaxed
C．angry and wild D．upset and scared
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句“When they were ... their own fear.”可知，牛仔唱优美而平静的歌来安抚动物，让它们克服恐惧，由此可推知，画线部分意为“使动物安静并放松下来”。故选B。
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解析
3．People may play the following things as instruments except ________．( )
A．violins B．bottles
C．knives D．spoons
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They played guitars ... like bottles and spoons.(他们演奏吉他、小提琴和其他乐器。在美国南部，许多人从家里拿出一些乐器，像瓶子和勺子。)”可知，刀不是演奏的乐器。故选C。
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解析
4．Which of these is mentioned in the passage？( )
A．Early immigrants lived a very simple life.
B．Many country music singers are not well educated.
C．Cowboys usually played country－western music on holidays.
D．In the west of America, cowboys added instruments from their homes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When cowboys visited ... country－western music.”可知，牛仔们经常在假期演奏乡村音乐。故选C。
答案
解析
B
(2024·福建省厦门海沧实验中学高一下月考)The Music Educator Award, this year, went to Annie Ray, an orchestra (管弦乐队) director at Annandale High School. She was recognized for her efforts to make music accessible to all students, particularly those with disabilities. Ray got to attend the awards ceremony in Los Angeles and bring home a $10，000 prize.
Ray created the Crescendo Orchestra for students with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities, as well as a parent orchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year to play the same instrument as their child. Ray also works with a local charity to give damaged instruments a second life in her classroom.
The orchestra is about much more than just making music. The most important is to give students a chance to develop their cooperation skills, make mistakes and learn the art of refining something. Ray pushes her students to be brave, go outside their comfort zone and realize they have to learn how to make bad sounds before learning how to make good sounds. And they teach her a lot in return. “They changed my educational philosophy. I understand what it truly means to meet a student where they're at and apply that elsewhere，” she said.
The warm reception on the ceremony was meaningful. Actually, not many people understand what exactly music educators do or how much their work matters. While her administration is supportive, that lack of understanding is a problem facing the profession in general. Another is resources. She says her school “desperately” needs new instruments. She will use some of her prize money to buy more.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了音乐教育工作者Ray (雷)把音乐带给更多的人，并因此获得了音乐教育工作者奖。
篇章导读
Ray also plans to put some of the money towards an ongoing scholarship for students who want to pursue music when they graduate. She knows of several, those particularly interested in music, and aims to offer financial support needed to realize their musical dreams. “It is hard but truly satisfying，” Ray said. “And there's nothing else like it for them.”
5．What can we learn about Ray from the first two paragraphs？( )
A．She hosted the award ceremony.
B．She brought music to more people.
C．She gave away instruments to the poor.
D．She founded a local charity for children.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She was recognized ... with disabilities.”和第二段中的“Ray created the Crescendo Orchestra ... as their child.”可知，Ray把音乐带给了更多人。故选B。
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解析
6．What do students benefit most from the orchestra？( )
A．They acquire in depth musical knowledge.
B．They make friends with the like minded.
C．They gain personal growth from playing music.
D．They improve their connections with educators.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The most important ... refining something. (最重要的是给学生一个机会来发展他们的合作技能、去犯错误和学习改进的艺术。)”可推知，学生从演奏音乐中获得的最大益处是个人的成长。故选C。
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解析
7．What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about？( )
A．The reception on the ceremony.
B．Importance of music education.
C．Challenges for music educators.
D．Plans to obtain resources.
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要讲述人们的不理解以及资源的缺乏是音乐教育工作者面临的困难。因此，本段主要介绍了音乐教育工作者遇到的挑战。故选C。
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解析
8．What does Ray find satisfying according to the last paragraph？( )
A．Winning a scholarship.
B．Developing interest in music.
C．Making musical achievements.
D．Transforming dreams into reality.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She knows of several ... it for them.”可知，令Ray满意的是帮助对音乐感兴趣的人实现音乐梦想。故选D。
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解析
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·山东省滕州市第一中学高一下月考)It's happened to all of us: a song comes on the radio, and we are immediately transported back to a time in our past. 1(____)
There are a few things that connect tunes with our memories. Music is often a necessary element of many important life events, and it is also very effective in arresting our attention. 2(____) Besides, the emotional nature of music helps make it particularly memorable.
We often become familiar with a piece of music because we hear it as background music. The more familiar a piece of music is, the more effective it is in bringing back memories. 3(____) The reason is that we are far more likely to hear a song over and over again than to watch a film or a TV programme in the same way.
Tiffany Jenkins, writing for a culture column, has a different opinion: 4(____) She tells us how throughout history oral cultures have passed important knowledge from generation to generation through songs because of this characteristic. The rhythm (韵律) and rhyme in lines of songs all serve as memory aids.
5(____) This fact corresponds with what many experts call the “reminiscence bump (怀旧性记忆)”， where older adults (over forty) have increased recollection of events that occurred during their adolescence and early adulthood.
It's clear that our memories and music are closely linked—to the point that music is being used to help Alzheimer's disease (阿尔兹海默病) sufferers access memories that they thought they had lost.
A．Familiarity is important.
B．Music itself is easy to remember.
C．But what makes music so effective in doing this
D．Our musical preference usually forms during our teens.
E．This applies to music more than other cultural products.
F．Pop music especially can be connected with an important memory.
G．Music and these life events are likely to be linked together in our memories.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章对音乐为什么总是会唤起人们的某些回忆进行了解释。
篇章导读
1．答案：C
解析：根据前文“It's happened to all of us ... in our past.”可知，音乐会唤起人们的回忆。C项(但是什么让音乐在这方面如此有效呢？)承接前文，后文“There are a few ... with our memories.”是对C项问题的回答。故选C。
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解析
2．答案：G
解析：根据前文“Music is often a necessary element ... our attention.”可知，音乐是许多重要生活事件的组成部分，并且很容易引起我们的注意。G项(音乐和这些生活事件很可能在我们的记忆中联系在一起。)承接前文。故选G。
3．答案：E
解析：根据后文“The reason ... in the same way.”可知，比起电影或电视节目等，音乐更有可能唤起回忆。E项(比起其他文化产品，这更适用于音乐。)引出后文。故选E。
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解析
4．答案：B
解析：根据后文“She tells us ... memory aids.”可知，歌词的节奏和韵律都可以帮助记忆。B项(音乐本身很容易记住。)引出后文。故选B。
5．答案：D
解析：根据后文“This fact ... early adulthood.(这一事实与许多专家所说的‘怀旧性记忆’相吻合，即年龄较大的成年人(40岁以上)对青春期和成年早期发生的事件的回忆增加。)”可知，D项(我们的音乐偏好通常在青少年时期形成。)引出后文，后文中的“This fact”指代D项所表示的内容。故选D。
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解析
(2024·重庆市巴蜀中学高一下月考)Hip hop is a subculture and an art movement that emerged from the Bronx in New York City during the early 1970s. Its development reflected the negative effects of post－industrial decline, political discourse, and a rapidly changing economy.
Looking back to New York City during this era, we see an economic collapse. The city's economy was falling apart due to the decline of the manufacturing industry. Much of the middle class moved to the suburbs to escape the social and economic challenges.
精深阅读
Consequently, businesses closed their doors, causing many economic opportunities and sources of entertainment to disappear. As a result, urban youth turned to the streets for recreation and self－expression. The abandoned buildings and parking lots set the stage for block parties. These block parties laid the groundwork for early hip hop culture. DJs and MCs brought the music by setting up mobile “Sound Systems” introduced by Jamaican culture. Sheets of cardboard became dance floors for break dancers, and brick walls transformed into canvases for graffiti. The emerging hip hop culture also became an outlet to deal with despair, abandonment and even violence.
Several people were influential in creating hip hop. Among the most famous ones is DJ Kool Herc, the “founding father of hip hop”. The Jamaican American made history in 1973 when he and his sister hosted the “Back to School” party in their apartment building. This historical party is recognized for launching the hip hop movement. Herc was also famous for creating a DJ technique called “break beat”—a mixing practice he adapted from Jamaican music. He noticed that people often waited for drum breaks of a record to dance. This took place when every instrument stopped playing except for the drums. Then the DJ would use two turntables to switch back and forth between two copies of the same record. The break section was also the most anticipated part of a song where people danced the most.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了嘻哈音乐的兴起以及其中一位代表人物Kool Herc (库尔·赫克)。
篇章导读
The DJ kept growing in popularity throughout the 1970s. He moved on to larger parks, played in clubs and inspired other DJs who helped this type of dance music to develop.
1．Why did hip hop culture emerge in the Bronx during the early 1970s
A．Because of the economic downturn and social circumstances.
B．Because of the post industrial economy and cultural diversity.
C．Because of the popularity of Jamaican music and dance culture.
D．Because of young people's need for new forms of entertainment.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Hip hop is ... rapidly changing economy.(嘻哈是一种亚文化和艺术运动，在20世纪70年代初出现在纽约市的布朗克斯。它的发展反映了后工业衰退、政治话语和快速变化的经济的负面影响。)”可推知，由于经济衰退和社会环境，嘻哈文化于20世纪70年代初在布朗克斯兴起。故选A。
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解析
2．What was the foundation for hip hop culture in the beginning
A．Economic challenges.
B．Jamaican music.
C．Community gatherings.
D．Despair and violence.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The abandoned buildings ... hip hop culture.”可知，社区派对最初是嘻哈文化的基础。故选C。
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解析
3．What does the underlined word “outlet” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A．A place to seek entertainment.
B．A movement for social changes.
C．A campaign for commercial purposes.
D．A channel to release negative emotions.
解析：指代判断题。根据画线词下文“to deal with despair, abandonment and even violence (来应对绝望，遗弃，甚至暴力)”可知，新兴的嘻哈文化成了人们发泄绝望、遗弃和暴力的一种途径，由此可推知，outlet表示“一种释放负面情绪的渠道”。故选D。
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解析
4．What can be known about DJ Kool Herc
A．“Back to School” was the first party held by him.
B．He helped spread hip hop culture by giving concerts.
C．He was well－known for the “break beat” dancing skill.
D．He was highly thought of as a pioneer of hip－hop culture.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Several people were ... ‘founding father of hip hop’．(有几个人在创造嘻哈音乐方面很有影响力。其中最著名的是Kool Herc，他被称为‘嘻哈之父’。)”可知，Kool Herc被认为是嘻哈文化的先驱。故选D。
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解析
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．emerge v. _______
2． _______ adj. 消极的；负面的
3． _______ n. 崩溃；突然失败
4．consequently adv. ____________
5．groundwork n. ___________________________
出现
negative
collapse
因此；所以
基础；基础工作；准备工作
(二)高频短语
6．_____________ 从……冒出来；浮现
7．fall apart __________________
8．as a result ______
9．be influential in ___________________
10．____________改编自……
emerge from
崩溃；垮掉；散架
因此
在……方面有影响力
adapt from
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．It can make us better suit for the _________ (change) weather and environment.
12．It is difficult to find work in the present ____________ (economy) climate.
13．They fused two different types of _____________(entertain), the circus and the rock concert.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．I looked at my wife in despair. _________
15．Can they switch back and forth between the two systems？______
16．An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.______
changing
economic
entertainment
绝望
转换
减少
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．It is hard to pin down what has been causing honeybees to vanish. _________
18．Every few years some of them move to avoid the crowded conditions. _______
19．The band were known for their preposterous clothes and haircuts. _________
disappear
escape， famous， disappear
escape
famous
(六)长难句分析
20．Consequently, businesses closed their doors, causing many economic opportunities and sources of entertainment to disappear.
句意：因此，企业纷纷关门，导致许多经济机会和娱乐来源消失。
分析：主干是_________________________；现在分词短语causing ... 作______状语；动词不定式to disappear作____________。
businesses closed their doors
结果
宾语补足语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．You are the leader and only you can _______________ (在……方面有影响力) the decision.
22．I ________________ (要崩溃了). I wasn't getting any sleep.
(八)仿写句子
23．Hip hop is a subculture and an art movement that emerged from the Bronx in New York City during the early 1970s.(that引导定语从句)
仿写：从经验中涌现出的智慧通常指导我们做出更好的决定。
____________________________________________________________________
be influential in
was falling apart
The wisdom that emerges from experience often guides us in making better decisions.
