人教版2017高考英语基础总结及练习：必修1 Unit1 Friendship【3】（附答案）

人教版2017高考英语基础总结及练习：必修1Unit1【3】（附答案）
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【经典句式】
1．While
walking
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dog，you
were
careless
and
it
got
loose
and
was
hit
by
a
car.
遛狗时你不小心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。
2．You
will
tell
him/h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
that
he/she
should
have
studied，so
you
don’t
let
him/her
look
at
your
paper.
你将告诉他/她说他/她过去本该学习，因此你不许他/她看你的卷子。
3．I
wonder
if
it’s
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cause
I
haven’t
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I’ve
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
4．...it
was
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
first
time
in
a
year
and
a
half
that
I’d
seen
the
night
face
to
face...
……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
5．It’s
no
pleasure
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )looking
through
these
any
longer
because
nature
is
one
thing
that
really
must
be
experienced.
透过(窗帘)观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
【课文语法填空】
A
best
friend
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )someone
1.whom
you
can
tell
everything
to，even
your
most
2.personal(person)
feelings
and
thoughts.Anne
Frank
treated
her
diary
3.as
her
best
friend.The
German
Nazis
were
in
search
of
Anne
and
her
family.The
family
had
to
hide
away
from
the
chase.They
4.didn’t
dare(not
dare)
to
go
out
even
in
the
evenings.5.They
had
to
stay
indoors
day
and
night.Not
6.being(be)
able
to
go
out
for
such
a
long
time，Anne
missed
the
beauty
of
nature
so
much
that
she
grew
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
7.it.She
stayed
up
until
eleven
thirty
one
evening
on
purpose
just
to
see
8.the
moonlight.She
said，“This
is
the
first
time
I
have
seen
the
moonlight
9.since
I
came
here.”
10．Unfortunately(
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unfortunate)，the
family
were
discovered
at
last
and
taken
away
from
the
hiding
place.
训练题
一、完形填空
（2016高考模拟选编）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
Just
three
weeks
after
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
landing
back
in
the
UK，I
was
determined
to
quit
my
job.Hearing
my
__1__，my
family
were
strongly
against
it.But
I
was
__2__
about
going
back
to
Ghana
to
set
up
more
play
centres
and
__3__
people
to
use
their
local
resources.
But
a
few
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my
friends
__4__
me—some
even
ran
marathons
to
raise
money
for
my
__5__．They
also
paid
to
see
me
sing
at
a
concert
I
put
on
to
raise
funds.
In
the
month
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
before
my
__6__
Africa
trip，I
spent
all
my
free
time
__7__
early
childhood
development—I
wanted
to
know
the
best
way
to
teach
these
children.In
January
2012，a
year
after
I
first
__8__
as
a
volunteer
teacher，having
raised
$
1，000，I
__9__
to
Ghana.
There
I
met
David，a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
community
development
worker
who
__10__
my
play
centre
idea.He
took
me
to
a
remote
village
on
his
motorbike
and
introduced
me
to
village
elders
who
helped
me
organize
community
meetings
to
tell
__11__
about
my
plans.
I
lived
in
a
mud
hu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
with
a
few
__12__
from
a
village
in
northern
Ghana.I
commissioned(委任)
local
carpenters
to
__13__
wooden
games
and
asked
friends
in
Tamale
to
__14__
cardboard
boxes，bottle
tops
and
buttons
for
them.
It
took
David
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I
nearly
three
months
to
train
teenage
volunteers
from
villages，but
this
was
extremely
__15__
to
me，as
I
wanted
the
__16__
to
be
running
their
own
communities.At
the
end
of
the
training
we
held
a
graduation
ceremony
and
__17__
120
children
at
the
centre，where
toys，puzzles
and
charts
were
used
as
__18__
to
help
children
learn.The
volunteers
started
using
their
training
to
__19__
teach
the
children
each
afternoon.
The
kids
at
the
firs
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
centre
were
so
__20__
to
finally
learn
how
to
count
and
identify
colours.All
three
centres
were
set
up
using
the
money
I
raised
in
the
UK.
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。作者放弃自己在英国的舒适生活到了非洲加纳，帮助那里的人们建立儿童娱乐中心。
1．A.thought
B．speech
C．decision
D．suggestion
答案　C　[依据上文的“I
was
determined
to
quit
my
job”可知，听到作者的决定，家人都持反对意见。]
2．A.curious
B．nervous
C．anxious
D．serious
答案　D　[依据上下文可知，作者对
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )回到加纳为孩子们建立游乐中心这件事是认真的，故选D项。be
serious
about“对……认真对待”。]
3．A.assist
B．train
C．expect
D．require
答案　B　[由倒数第二段中的“to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )train
teenage
volunteers
from
villages”可知，这里指培训他人。]
4．A.supported
B．refused
C．comforted
D．excused
答案　A　[下文的“some
even
ran
marathons
to
raise
money”说明这些朋友是支持作者的。]
5．A.business
B．project
C．trip
D．group
答案　B　[由上文的“goi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
back
to
Ghana
to
set
up
more
play
centres”可知，此处指作者心中的规划。]
6．A.first
B．second
C．last
D．fourth
答案　B　[依据下文的“a
year
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
after
I
first
__28__
as
a
volunteer
teacher”可知，这里指作者第二次到加纳。]
7．A.researching
B．investigating
C．recording
D．monitoring
答案　A　[依据下文的“I
wanted
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
know
the
best
way
to
teach
these
children”可知，作者在研究儿童的早期发展。]
8．A.remembered
B．heard
C．visited
D．met
答案　C　[由上下文可知，此处指2012年1月，作者作为一名志愿教师，第一次到达加纳，故选C项。]
9．A.referred
B．returned
C．held
D．left
答案　B　[由下文可知，作者又回到了加纳，第一段中的“going
back
to
Ghana”也是提示，故选B项。]
10．A.loved
B．opposed
C．ignored
D．created
答案　A　[下文中的“introduced
me
to
village
elders”说明David喜欢作者的主意。]
11．A.teachers
B．students
C．parents
D．doctors
答案　C　[既然作者想帮助孩子，应该是先让家长了解他的计划。]
12．A.workers
B．strangers
C．leaders
D．volunteers
答案　D　[依据下文的“train
teenage
volunteers
from
villages”可知，作者和志愿者一起生活。]
13．A.purchase
B．paint
C．make
D．take
答案　C　[作者使用教具和图片让孩子学到知识，因此请来木匠是为了制作游戏工具。]
14．A.collect
B．separate
C．design
D．distribute
答案　A　[句中的“car
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dboard
boxes，bottle
tops
and
buttons”都是让孩子使用的教具，因此是收集这些东西。]
15．A.urgent
B．amusing
C．attractive
D．important
答案　D　[依据“I
wanted
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
__36__
to
be
running
their
own
communities”可知，培训青少年志愿者是很重要的。]
16．A.officials
B．locals
C．companies
D．centers
答案　B　[句中的“to
be
running
their
own
communities”暗示让当地人管理他们自己的社区。]
17．A.enrolled
B．educated
C．demonstrated
D．contacted
答案　A　[由上下文可知，游戏中心是为孩子们设立的，因此这里指招收学生。enroll意为“招收”，故选A项。]
18．A.systems
B．limits
C．tools
D．materials
答案　C　[句中的“toys，puzzles
and
charts”都是孩子们用来学习的工具，故选C项。]
19．A.easily
B．seriously
C．actively
D．normally
答案　C　[这些志愿者已经接受了培训，自然是积极、主动地教育当地的孩子们。]
20．A.confused
B．excited
C．annoyed
D．shocked
答案　B　[句中的“to
final
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly
learn
how
to
count
and
identify
colours”暗示，因为学会数数和辨别颜色，孩子们感到兴奋不已。]
二、阅读理解
（一）
The
world
of
taxi
dr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ivers
is
dominated
by
men.But
there
is
one
small
taxi
company
in
Delhi，where
all
the
drivers
and
passengers
are
female.Women's
safety
is
a
hot
topic
in
India
at
the
moment，so
it's
proving
a
very
popular
service.
“When
I'm
on
the
road
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )driving
our
taxi
I
feel
very
proud，because
this
is
the
first
taxi
service
only
for
women，”says
31 year old
Shanti
Sharma，who
is
one
of
eight
female
drivers
with
a
taxi
service
called
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women.
The
last
couple
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
months，since
the
rape
and
murder
in
the
city
of
a
college
student
travelling
on
a
bus，have
been
particularly
busy
for
her
and
her
colleagues.
“After
this
case，ou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
workload
has
increased
so
much，”
says
Sharma.“Women
who
used
other
cab
services
are
also
turning
to
us
now.”
Most
women
in
Delhi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )say
they
routinely
face
harassment(骚扰)，and
worse，especially
on
public
transport.
Sharma，a
single
parent
with
three
daughters，has
been
working
as
a
taxi
driver
since
2011，when
the
service
was
first
set
up，and
it
has
changed
her
life.This
is
the
first
time
that
she
has
earned
enough—about
250
a
month—to
support
her
family.
Of
course，she
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
other
female
taxi
drivers
are
completely
outnumbered
by
male
cabbies.“When
I
park
somewhere
there
are
always
men
there
and
inevitably
five
or
six
of
them
get
together
and
hang
out，”
she
says.“I'm
usually
the
only
woman
in
the
parking
lot，so
I
just
stay
inside
the
car.”
It's
not
much
bett
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
when
she
is
out
on
the
road.Sharma
says
the
male
drivers
give
her
a
hard
time.“As
soon
as
they
see
a
woman
at
the
wheel
they
start
honking(按喇叭)
for
no
reason.They'll
try
to
overtake
you.I'm
always
worrying
about
how
to
avoid
getting
hit
by
someone.”
The
company
behind
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Cabs
for
Women
by
Women，Sakha
Consulting
Wings，had
a
number
of
goals
when
it
set
up
the
service.It
wanted
to
give
women
from
poor
backgrounds
an
opportunity
to
earn
money.By
putting
women
in
charge
of
technologies，it
also
wanted
to
change
people's
attitudes，and
open
up
boundaries
for
women.
【语篇导读】　德里一家出租车
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )公司专门推出了女性司机只为女性乘客提供服务的Cabs
for
Women
by
Women
出租车业务。生意异常火爆。
1．The
taxi
service
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women
______.
A．is
greatly
needed
at
present
in
India
B．causes
a
hot
debate
in
India
C．was
set
up
in
2012
D．is
free
of
charge
for
women
解析　细节理解题。根据第一
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段第三句中的“it's
proving
a
very
popular
service”可知，这项女性出租车服务在现在有很大需求量。
答案　A
2．Why
are
women
who
u
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed
other
cab
services
turning
to
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women
A．Because
it
is
cheap.
B．Because
it
is
safe.
C．Because
it
is
famous.
D．Because
it
is
convenient.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可推知，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )那些以前乘坐其他出租车的女性现在选择Cabs
for
Women
by
Women，是因为这种由妇女驾驶的出租车能为女性乘客提供安全保障。
答案　B
3．What
do
we
know
about
Sharma
A．She
is
the
first
female
taxi
driver
in
Delhi.
B．She
lives
in
harmony
with
her
husband.
C．She
has
regretted
becoming
a
taxi
driver.
D．She
has
a
better
salary
after
becoming
a
taxi
driver.
解析　细节理解题。根据第六段可知，从2011年Sharma成为出租车司机后，她才赚了足够多的钱来养家糊口。
答案　D
4．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
last
paragraph
A．The
opportunities
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women
provides
for
women.
B．The
main
purposes
of
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women.
C．People's
attitudes
towards
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women.
D．The
background
information
of
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women.
解析　段落大意题。根据本段的主题句“The
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )company
behind
Cabs
for
Women
by
Women，Sakha
Consulting
Wings，had
a
number
of
goals
when
it
set
up
the
service.”可知，本段主要讲开展Cabs
for
Women
by
Women
出租车服务的目的。
答案　B
【长难句解读】
原文　Sharma，a
si
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngle
parent
with
three
daughters，has
been
working
as
a
taxi
driver
since
2011，when
the
service
was
first
set
up，and
it
has
changed
her
life.
译文　Sharma是一个独自抚养三个女儿的单亲母亲，自从2011年首次开展这项服务以来，她一直是一名出租车司机。这改变了她的生活。
分析　and前后为两个并列分句。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在第一个分句中，a
single
parent
with
three
daughters
是Sharma的同位语。when引导一个定语从句，修饰2011。
（二）
I
grew
up
in
a
family
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
that
ate
dinner
together
every
evening.
Although
my
parents
enjoyed
wine,
they
rarely
drank
during
the
week
and
always
in
moderation
(节制).
As
for
myself,
I
wasn’t
interested
in
alcoholic
drinks
and
neither
were
my
high
school
friends.
So
when
I
arrived
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
campus
for
my
first
year
of
university
life,
I
was
a
bit
shocked.
Many
different
events
had
been
organized
for
the
freshmen,
but
they
all
had
one
thing
in
common
―
alcohol,
and
plenty
of
it.
Not
wanting
to
be
left
out,
I
joined
a
few
of
the
events.
But
I
always
returned
home
early,
feeling
disappointed.
Your
personality,
interests
and
experiences
didn’t
matter
at
all,
only
how
many
alcoholic
drinks
you
could
absorb
before
passing
out
(喝醉).
It
seemed
shallow
to
me.
I
wanted
to
get
to
know
my
new
coursemates,
not
how
fast
they
could
down
a
pint
of
beer.
Gradually,
howeve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r,
I
realized
that
real
friends
don’t
judge
you
by
how
much
you
can
drink
and
there
were
other
ways
of
making
friends.
I
joined
a
photography
society,
took
a
first
aid
course,
and
every
weekend
I
went
cycling
with
a
coursemate.
I
found
that
by
engaging
in
these
activities
and
sharing
the
fun
of
learning
new
skills
together
in
a
group,
I
formed
much
stronger
bonds
with
my
new
friends
than
even
the
strongest
alcoholic
drinks
could
encourage.
Another
valuable
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
lesson
I
learned
is
that
it’s
perfectly
okay
to
say
“No”
if
you
don’t
want
to
drink.
However,
in
many
Western
societies,
especially
the
UK,
binge
drinking
(狂喝)
has
become
the
norm.
Many
people
who
drink
don’t
necessarily
want
to,
but
they
give
in
to
the
peer
pressure
(同伴压力)―
they’re
afraid
to
say
“No”.
1.
What
shocked
the
author
when
he
entered
university
A.
The
strange
campus.
B.
The
popularity
of
alcohol.
C.
The
drunken
coursemates.
D.
The
limited
activities.
2.
Why
did
the
author
return
home
early
from
the
events
at
first
A.
He
wasn’t
good
at
drinking.
B.
He
had
no
familiar
coursemates.
C.
He
hated
the
way
people
got
along.
D.
He
was
left
out
by
the
organizers.
3.
How
did
the
author
finally
make
real
friends
at
university
A.
By
saying
“No”
to
alcoholic
drinks.
B.
By
staying
away
from
group
activities.
C.
By
giving
in
to
the
peer
pressure.
D.
By
joining
people
with
common
interests.
参考答案BCD
三、短文改错
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This
morning
on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my
way
to
school
I
was
deep
moved
by
what
I
saw
outside
a
bank.
An
old
man
was
counting
his
money
in
the
front
of
the
bank.
Suddenly
a
young
man
came
running
and
knocked
him
down.
To
make
things
bad,
his
money
was
lying
in
all
direction.
At
once
the
people
around
rush
to
pick
the
money
up,
while
the
old
man
stood
there,
not
know
what
to
do.
Surprisingly,
everyone
gave
back
the
money
they
had
just
picked.
The
old
man
counted
the
money
again
and
found
that
not
a
single
bill
was
missed.
To
my
great
joy,
there
are
now
a
lot
of
nice
people
in
your
life.
It’s
true
what
honesty
is
more
important
than
money!
短文改错:
deep-deeply
the去掉
bad-worse
direction-directions
rush-rushed
know-knowing
加上up
missed-missing
your-our
what-that