2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题03代词
知识精讲(教师版)
代词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，也是考生容
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )易出错的项目，因为代词具有较大灵活性。考生在做代词选择填空时最容易犯的错误一是机械地套用语法规则；二是用汉语思维去分析题意。
一、代词的基础知识
数
单数
复数
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
You
them
物主代词
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代词
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
指示代词
this
that
such
these
those
such
相互代词
宾格
each
other
one
another
所有格
each
other’s
one
another’s
不定代词
可数
one,
each,
many,
(a)
few
,both,
another,
either,
neither
不可数
much,
(a)
little
可数不可数
any,
other,
all,
some
复合不定代词
anyone
anybody
any
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thing
somebody
something
someone
everyone
everything
everybody
nobody
nothing
疑问代词
who
whom
whose
which
what
连接代词
who
whom
whose
which
what(专题10名词从句)
关系代词
who
whom
whose
which
that(专题12定语从句)
二、代词的重点知识
(一)易混代词的辨析
1.
that(those),
one(ones)和it(的替代用法)
①it替代上文中所提到的同一事物。它所替代的名词前常常有修饰词：the,
this,
that。
②one替代上文中所出现
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的非特指的单数名词，所替代的名词前常常有修饰词：some
或any；one的复数形式用ones；the
one
用来替代上文提到的特指的单数名词；the
ones用来替代上文提到的特指的复数名词。
③that替代上文中所出现的特指的名词，单数名词或不可数名词都可以；those替代上文中所出现，特指的复数名词。
①Where
is
that
book
I
can’t
find
it.
②I
haven’t
got
any
erasers.
Will
you
please
lend
me
one
③The
book
isn’t
so
interesting
as
the
one/that
you
borrowed.
④The
best
cigarettes
are
those/the
ones
from
Yunnan.
⑤The
boy
told
me
his
story
and
that/the
one
of
the
girl
next
door.
⑥Your
coat
is
blue,
and
my
new
one
is
green.
说明：①one和that都可以用来替代上文中所出现的名词，有时可以互换；但是在下列情况下不可以互换：
只能用that
只能用one
that既可替代可数名词，也可替代不可数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人，复数形式为those。
one只能替代可数名词单数，复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时，只能用one
②the
ones用来替代上文提到的特指的复数名词，有时可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下。
The
books
on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
desk
are
better
than
those/the
ones
under
the
desk.桌上的那些书比桌下的好。
Only
those(the
one
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s)who
had
booked
in
advance
were
allowed
in.只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。
但是，the
ones中的ones根据情况可用形容词修饰，而those不可以。
—Which
do
you
want 你想要哪个
—I’ll
have
the
red
ones.我要红色的。
Don’t
buy
the
expensive
apples;
get
the
cheaper
ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。
①My
seat
is
next
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
_______
of
the
famous
writer
so
I
could
ask
for
some
advice
from
him
about
writing.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
it
D.
one
【答案与解析】A。句意：我的座位挨着那位
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )著名作家的座位，因此我可以寻求关于写作方面的建议。that替代同类异物，为了避免重复，代替前面提到的可数名词，或不可数名词，表特指，此处替代the
seat，且特指“那位名作家的座位”，故选A项。one虽然也是替代同类异物，但是只替代可数名词，表泛指。it替代同类同物。
②The
story
conveys
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a
strong
message,
_______
that
will
hopefully
touch
all
who
read
it.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
those
D.
one
【答案与解析】D。句意：这个故事传递给我们一个很强的信息，一个有望能感动所有读到它的人的信息。这里的one与前面的a
strong
message形成同位语的关系，it
/that不具有这种用法，those指复数形式，故选D项。
③At
our
factory
there
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
a
few
machines
similar
to
_______
described
in
this
magazine.
A.
them
B.
these
C.
those
D.
ones
【答案与解析】C。比较对象的替代通
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常可以用that替代不可数名词，those替代可数名词复数，故此处用those替代比较对象machines。句意：我们厂里有几台机器与这本杂志上所描述的机器很像。
2.
both,
either,
neither,
all,
none,
each,
every的区别
①用于两者：both(两者都)，either(两者中的任何一个)，neither(两者中的任何一个都不)。
②用于三者及以上：all(全部都，指代可数和不可数名词均可)，none(全都不，任何一个都不，指代可数
和不可数名词均可)；each(每一个，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语)，every(每一个，作定语)用于多者。
③both,
all,
each,
every以及由every构成的不定代词出现在否定句中，不管否定词在前还是在后，都是部
分否定：All
of
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m
don’t
like
music=Not
all
of
them
like
music.他们并不都喜欢音乐。
要表示完全否定，需要借助neither,
none,
no
one,
nothing,
nobody等。
Neither
of
them
doesn’t
like
music.他们俩都不喜欢音乐。
None
of
them
don’t
like
the
music.他们都不喜欢音乐。
①—Would
you
like
tea
or
coffee
—_______,
thank
you.
I’ve
just
had
some
water.
A.
Either
B.
Both
C.
Any
D.
Neither
【答案与解析】D。根据句意，此处应该是拒绝
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )请求，什么也不喝，因为是两者全部否定，所以选Neither。either两者之间任何一个；both两者都；any任何一个，均与题意不符。句意：“你是想喝茶还是咖啡？”“谢谢你，都不想喝，我刚刚喝了一些水。”
②Sophia
waited
for
a
reply,
but
_______
came.
A.
either
B.
another
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案与解析】D。句意：Sophia等候答
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )复，但没有任何答复。根据转折连词but可知，此处应用表示否定意义的代词，所以排除A项和B项。neither两者都不；none三者或三者以上都不。根据前半句中的“a
reply”提示可知，故选D项。
③When
he
took
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
gloves
off,
I
noticed
that
_______
one
had
his
name
written
inside.
A.
each
B.
every
C.
other
D.
another
【答案与解析】A。因为是两只手套，所以用each指“两者中任何一个”。句意：当他脱下手套时，我注意到每只手套里都写有他的名字。
④It’s
an
eith
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er—or
situation
—
we
can
buy
a
new
car
this
year
or
we
can
go
on
holiday
but
we
can’t
do
_______.
A.
others
B.
either
C.
another
D.
both
【答案与解析】D。根据句意
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“这是个二选一的抉择——今年我们要么买辆新车，要么去度假，但是我们不能两个都做。”选D项，not...both表部分否定。
3.
the
other,
other,
another,
others的区别
①the
other可单独使用，特指
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两个人或物中的“另一个”；也可修饰名词表示“另外的……”。other不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义。one...the
other(两者中的)一个……另一个……。
②another可单独使用，也可修饰名词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词”形式，表示“再，又，另外的……(多少)”。
one...another...
another...
(三者及其以上中的)一个……另一个……还有一个。one
another互相，相互。
I
have
three
daug
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hters.
One
is
a
nurse,
another
is
a
teacher
and
another
is
a
worker.
我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。
We’d
better
wait
another
five
minutes.我们最好再等五分钟时间。
③others只能单独使用，表示泛
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some一起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用the
others。(许多人中的)some…others…the
others…一些……另外一些……其余的(指所有剩下的)……。
①Recycling
is
one
way
to
protect
the
environment;
reusing
is
_______.
A.
another
B.
the
other
C.
one
another
D.
one
【答案与解析】A。anoth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er通常指三者或三者以上中的另外一个，表示泛指；the
other特指两者中的另一个；one
another互相；one泛指一个。根据句意“回收循环利用是保护环境的一种方式；再次使用又是另一种(保护环境的)方式”可知选A。
②In
some
countri
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es,
people
eat
with
chopsticks,
while
in
_______,
knives
and
forks.
A.
another
B.
others
C.
both
D.
all
【答案与解析】B。another通常
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )指三者或三者以上中的另外一个，表示泛指；others其他人或物(没有范围限制的)；both指两者都…；all指三者或三者以上都…；句意：在一些国家里，人们使用筷子吃饭，而在另外一些国家，人们使用刀叉。本句中没有任何的范围限制，所以使用others指代其他国家。故B正确。
③To
warm
himself,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
sailor
sat
in
front
of
the
fire
rubbing
one
bare
foot
against
_______.
A.
another
B.
the
other
C.
other
D.
either
【答案与解析】B。句意：为了让自己
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )暖和暖和，这个水手坐在炉火前用一只光脚摩擦另外一只脚。因为人有两只脚，一只是one，另外一只是the
other，所以选B。
4.
none,
no
one,
nobody,
nothing的区别
①none既可指人，也可指物；侧重数
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )量，通常指三者或三者以上的人或物；后可接of短语；作主语时谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；常用来回答由how
many/much引导的疑问句。
②no
one,
nobody只能指人，是泛指概念，常用来回答由who引导的疑问句；不与of短语连用；作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
③nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念；常用来回答由what引导的疑问句。
注：somebody(某人)，an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ybody(任何人)，nobody(没有人)；something(某事/物)，anything(任何事/物)，nothing(没有东西)。
①A
smile
costs
_______,
but
gives
much.
A.
anything
B.
something
C.
nothing
D.
everything
【答案与解析】C。any
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thing任何事情；something某些事情，重要人物；nothing什么也没有，没有事情；everything所有的事情。句意：微笑无需我们花任何成本，但是却会给我们很多。本题中的关键词是but说明上下文之间是转折关系，所选之词要和后面的much表示相反的意思。故C正确。
②Niki
is
alwa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys
full
of
ideas,
but
_______
is
useful
to
my
knowledge.
A.
nothing
B.
no
one
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案与解析】D。nothing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )什么都没有、没有东西，不和of连用，故排除选项A；no
one只可以指人，故排除选项B。neither两者都不，与语意不符。none可指人也可指物，相当于no+名词，故此题选择D。句意：妮基总有很多点子，但据我所知没一个是有用的。
③_______
can
be
good
at
something
for
40
years
if
he
doesn’t
love
it.
A.
Anybody
B.
Everybody
C.
Nobody
D.
Somebody
【答案与解析】C。根据句意“如果不
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )喜欢一个行业的话，要40年如一日地做好它，谁也没那本事。”选C项。anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人；somebody某人。
④Charles
was
alone
at
home,
with
_______
looking
after
him.
A.
someone
B.
anyone
C.
not
one
D.
no
one
【答案与解析】D。根据上句意思可知，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查理斯一个人在家，所以是没有人照顾他。此处应该是no
one。someone某人；anyone任何人；not
one不止一个人；no
one没有人。
(二)代词的特殊用法
1.it的特殊用法
it除了常见的用法(指代自然现象、
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )季节、时间、距离、环境以及可代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语)以外，要熟记下列有关it的固定搭配及句型：
get
it了解，懂得，弄明白
keep
it
up继续下去，不松劲
make
it做成(到)某事，事业获得成功，赶上火车等，及时抵达某地，约定时间
when
it
comes
to当提到/涉及到……的时候
see
to
it
that…务必做到，保证,
enjoy(like,
love,
dislike,
hate,
see
to,
appreciate,
stand)+it+宾语从句
①I’m
afraid
you
can
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t
_______
to
the
village
in
an
hour;
you
must
allow
for
the
icy
road.
A.
get
it
B.
take
it
C.
leave
it
D.
make
it
【答案与解析】D。句意:恐怕你不
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能在一小时后到达那个村庄；你必须考虑到路面结冰。get
it弄明白；take
it认为；leave
it把它遗留在某地；make
it及时抵达,成功。
②—Alice,
turn
off
the
light
and
lock
the
door
before
you
leave.
—_______.
A.
Got
it
B.
Made
it
C.
Heard
it
D.
Taken
it
【答案与解析】A。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“爱丽丝，离开之前把灯关掉，把门锁好。”
“知道了。”got
it知道，明白；made
it约定时间，做成某事。故选A。
③—Mom.
I
came
first
in
the
National
Basic
Skill
Competition.
—Well
done!
_______.
A.
Keep
it
up
B.
Take
it
easy
C.
Catch
it
D.
Hold
it.
【答案与解析】A。keep
it
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
up“继续努力；再接再厉”，符合题意。take
it
easy别着急；放松；catch
it受罚；受责罚；hold
it稍等；别动。句意：“妈妈，我在国家基本技能大赛上得了第一名。”“做得太棒了！要再接再厉”
④—Why
did
he
let
you
repeat
his
instruction
time
and
time
again
—_______
that
I
remember
what
was
_______
after
he
went
out.
A.
To
see
to
it;
to
be
done
B.
Making
sure;
to
be
done
C.
To
make
sure;
to
do
D.
Seeing
to;
done
【答案与解析】A。第一空为不定式
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作目的状语，用来回答问句。第二空的主语是what，应用被动意义的to
be
done.
see
to
it
that的意思是“务必使……”、“注意使……”。句意：“他为什么要让你把他的指示重复了一次又一次？”“为的是务必使我记住他出去后我应该做什么。”
⑤I
dislike
_______
when
you
speak
loudly
in
public.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
this
D.
it
【答案与解析】D。当ha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te/enjoy/like/love/prefer/appreciate/dislike等表示情绪的动词后接when或if从句时通常要用it作形式宾语。句意：我不喜欢你在公共场合大声说话。选D。
⑥I
would
appreciate
_______
if
you
could
pay
it
in
cash.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
you
D.
one
【答案与解析】B。句意：如果能付现金，那就再好不过了。appreciate
it
if...如果……将十分感激；故选B。
⑦I
dislike
_______
when
others
laugh
at
me
in
public
or
speak
ill
of
me
behind.
A.
that
B.
them
C.
those
D.
It
【答案与解析】D。I
disl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike
it
when...句型中it代指的是后面的从句的内容。句意：我不喜欢别人在公共场合嘲笑我或者说我坏话。
2.something,
anything,
nothing等的特殊用法
something有价值的或重要的人或事物
something
of(a+职业名词)有点像、(在某种意义/程度)上有点儿像
something
like大约，放在数字前面
anything
but根本不
nothing
but除了……没有；只有
nothing
of不够……的素质或条件；一点也不像
①After
winning
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
singing
competition,
she
thought
herself
something
in
her
neighborhood.
在赢得了唱歌比赛的胜利后，她自以为在邻居心目中就是个什么了不起的人物。
②The
fellow
was
said
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
be
something
of
a
scholar. As
it
turned
out,
he
was
a
cheat.
据说这家伙是个什么学者，结果证明他是个骗子。
③—How
many
employees
are
there
in
the
company
公司有多少职员？
—We
have
something
like
500
people
working
there.
我们有大约500人在那工作。
④Alone
as
she
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
she
is
kept
so
busy
with
her
work
for
women’s
rights
that
she
feels
anything
but
lonely.
尽管她是独自一人，但她忙于妇女权益工作，以至于她绝不感到寂寞。
⑤For
miles
around
u
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
there
was
nothing
but
a
desert,
without
a
single
plant
or
tree
out
of
sight.
离我们几里远的地方除了沙漠什么也没有，看不到一棵植物或一棵树。
⑥Mr.
Wu
is
nothing
of
a
musician.
吴先生全无音乐家的素质/吴先生一点也不像个音乐家。
3.代词宾格的特殊用法
人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格
—Glad
to
meet
you.见到你很高兴。—Me,
too.见到你我也很高兴。
—Susan,
go
and
join
your
sister
cleaning
the
yard.苏珊，和你姐姐地起去扫院子。
—Why
me
John
is
sitting
there
doing
nothing.为什么让我去？约翰正坐在那儿没事可做。
4.反身代词的特殊用法
①主语与宾语是同一个人时，应当用反身代词
I
taught
myself
English
at
the
age
of
ten.我十岁时就自学英语了。
②在系动词后作表语，常用于否定句，表示身体不适
I’m
not
myself
today
after
so
many
drinks!
Let’s
talk
tomorrow.
我今天喝多了不在状态，明天谈吧。
③用在交际英语中
Help
yourself!
随便吃!(宴请礼仪)自己拿吧!
Make
yourself
at
home!
别拘束!
④辨别几组搭配
enjoy
oneself
玩，玩得开心
by
oneself独自，单独
for
oneself独自地，靠自己的力量
of
oneself主动地
to
oneself独占，独用
①My
mum
would
like
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
to
go
home
early,
but
I
am
staying
here
a
bit
longer
to
enjoy
myself.
我妈妈想让我早点回家，但我想(在这儿)多玩一会儿。
②Hiking
by
one
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )self
can
be
fun
and
good
for
health.
It
may
also
be
good
for
character
training.
单独远足是有趣的事而且对健康有益，也对性格训练有好处。
③Seeing
a
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
for
oneself
is
better
than
hearing
about
it”
means
that
secondhand
experience
is
less
reliable
than
first
hand
experience,
which
is
perfectly
true.
谚语“眼见为实，耳听为虚”的意思是间接经验没有直接经验更可信，这是非常正确的。
④The
fire
went
out
of
itself.火自己熄灭了。
⑤Tom
thought
to
himself
that
he
could
win.汤姆暗自想/心想他能获胜。
5.this/that作副词用
代词this和that也可用作副词，相当
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于so，修饰形容词或副词，作程度状语，表示“这么”、“那么”、“这样”、“那样”的意思。许多同学对此并不熟悉，也没有引起足够的重视。
①I
don’t
think
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )matter
shouldn’t
be
this
simple.
I
am
afraid
that
there is
something
behind
it.
我认为事情不该这个简单，我怕这里面还有啥名堂。
②I’m
sorry,
I
hadn’t
expected
the
situation
would
become
that
bad.
对不起，我没有料到情况会变得那么糟糕。
①—Would
you
say
something
more
about
it
—I’m
afraid
I
can’t.
I
only
know
_______
much.
A.
such
B.
too
C.
very
D.
that
【答案与解析】D。其他三项都有可能被误
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )选。such不能修饰much。当然单独就too
much和very
much这两个表达来说，并没有错。如：I
like
it
very
much.我很喜欢它。Don’t
talk
too
much.不要讲得太多。但是在本题这样的语境中，用这两者显然都不合适。句意：“关于这件事你还能多讲一些吗？”“恐怕不行。我知道的就那么多了。”
②We
can
hardly
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elieve
that
she
can
speak
English
_______
fluently
within
such
a
short
period
of
time.
A.
such
B.
much
C.
this
D.
hardly
【答案与解析】C。such
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是形容词，不可以用来修饰副词；much
不可以修饰原级副词；hardly“几乎不”不符合语境。this
fluently=
so
fluently意为“这么流利”。句意：我们几乎不能相信她竟能在这么短的时间内英语说得这么流利。2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题03代词
考点聚焦(教师版)
近年来高考英语试题对代词的最基本用法的考查已经很少涉及了，而是注重于对代词的用法辨析以及
代词特殊用法的考查。主要考点如下：
考点1
对替代词的考查
①(2016高考英语浙江卷)In
ma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny
ways
,
the
education
system
in
the
US
is
not
very
different
from
_______
in
the
UK.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
one
D.
it
【答案与解析】A句意：在许多方面，美
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国的教育体系和英国的教育体系大不相同。that指代上文的the
education
system。it指代的是同一种事或物。one是泛指，指代同类中的一个。故选A。
②Usually
there
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )might
be
a
lot
of
accidents
in
the
heavy
fog.
I
happened
to
witness
_______
this
morning.
A.
it
B.
those
C.
one
D.
that
【答案与解析】C。句意：通常
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在大雾天会有很多事故。今天早上我碰巧目击了一起事故。根据语境可知，此处指上句提到的“一起交通事故”，故用one代替。即C项正确。
③I
like
this
house
wi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th
a
beautiful
garden
in
front,
but
I
don’t
have
enough
money
to
buy
_______.
A.
one
B.
it
C.
this
D.
that
【答案与解析】B。it=the
house
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
with
a
beautiful
garden
in
front。句意：我很喜欢屋前有一个美丽花园的这栋房子，但是我没有足够的钱去把它买下来。
④Studying
Wendy's
me
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nu,
I
found
that
many
of
the
items
are
similar
to
_______
of
McDonald's
.
A.
those
B.
ones
C.
any
D.
all
【答案与解析】A。those
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )=the
ones,
代指前面的many
of
the
items，表示复数、特指，被of
McDonald’s
修饰，符合语境。ones表示复数、泛指；any任何一个；all全部，均不符合语境，故排除。
句意：研究一下Wendy餐馆的菜单，我发现其中许多与麦当劳的菜单项目非常相似。
⑤Professor
Z
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hang
gave
all
the
textbooks
to
all
the
pupils,
except
_______
who
had
already
taken
them.
A.
these
B.
ones
C.
the
ones
D.
the
others
【答案与解析】C。tho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
who...意为“……的人”，由此可排除A项。句中出现了all
the
pupils，由此可知题意为“除去……的学生”，故D项排除。ones表泛指，the
ones表特指。句意：张教授把所有的教材都发给了所有学生，除了那些已经领过教材的。
⑥It
happens
in
plants
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
when
gardeners
take
cuttings
from
growing
plants
to
make
new
_______.
A.
ones
B.
one
C.
others
D.
other
ones
【答案与解析】A。ones代指可数名词复数
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；one泛指可数名词单数；others其他的；other
ones其他那些。句意：在植物方面，克隆就发生在园丁从正在生长的植物上切去切口用来制造新的植株的时候。ones代指plants。选A。
考点2
对表示两者或多者不定代词的考查
①The
research
gr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oup
produced
two
reports
based
on
the
survey,
but
_______
contained
any
useful
suggestions.
A.
all
B.
none
C.
either
D.
neither
【答案与解析】D。all全部；none没有
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个；either两个中任何一个；两者都不。根据该句意思：那个研究小组在调査的基础上得出了两个报告，但是两个报告里面都没有任何有用的建议。故选D。
②—When
shall
I
call
,
in
the
morning
or
afternoon
—_______.
I’ll
be
in
all
day
.
A.
Any
B.
None
C.
Neither
D.
Either
【答案与解析】D。句意：“我什么时候打电
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )话过来？早晨还是下午？”“都可以，我一直都在。”根据句意可知是在“早晨和下午这两种情况中做出选择”。AB通常都表示三者或者三者以上的情况，neither表示两者都不。故D正确。
③Although
Rosemary
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had
suffered
from
a
serious
illness
for
years,
she
lost
_______
of
her
enthusiasm
for
life.
A.
no
one
B.
neither
C
.none
D.
all
【答案与解析】C。no
one没有人；ne
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ither表示否定两者，题干没有两者提示，因此不选；表示三者以上的否定意用none。句意：罗斯玛丽这么多年遭受了严重疾病所带来的痛苦，但是她一点也没有丧失对生活的热情。
④My
brother
wou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld
like
to
buy
a
good
watch
but
_______
was
available
from
that
shop.
A.
nothing
B.
none
C.
no
one
D.
neither
【答案与解析】B。这里要注意是在
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )那家店里没有买到，就是说店里的任何一块表都不可用的，有一个特定的范围，用none。nothing指物，什么都不是；none既可指人也可指物，强调“每一个”；no
one只能指人；neither表两者都不，故此题选B。句意：我哥哥想买一块好表，但是在那家店里没有合适的。
考点3
对another、(the)other(s)等不定代词的考查
①—Would
you
get
me
a
bar
of
chocolate
from
the
kitchen,
dear
—_______
one
A.
Other
B.
Every
C.
Another
D.
More
【答案与解析】C。another
与数词连用
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时，数词放在another的后面，如another
three
chairs;
other和more与数词连用时，数词放在它们的前面，如one
more
apple,
two
other
boys；every指每一个，含义与all接近。因此选C。句意：“亲爱的，可不可以到厨房里给我拿一块巧克力来？”“还要吃一块？”
②To
stay
awake,
he
finished
a
cup
of
coffee
and
ordered
_______.
A.
the
other
B.
other
C.
the
others
D.
another
【答案与解析】D。两者中另一个用“the
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther”。不定数目(两个以上)中的另一个用“another”句意：为了保持清醒，他喝完了一杯咖啡，又要了一杯。
③You
are
the
team
st
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ar!
Working
with
_______
is
really
your
cup
of
tea.
A.
both
B.
either
C.
others
D.
the
other
【答案与解析】C。句意：你是球队明星！与他
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人合作必定是你的拿手好戏。习语“one’s
cup
of
tea”意为“the
type
of
thing
or
person
that
you
like”。
④Neither
side
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
is
prepared
to
talk
to
_______
unless
we
can
smooth
thing
over
between
them.
A.
others
B.
the
other
C.
another
D.
one
other
【答案与解析】B。neither含有
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“两者都不”之意，一方对应另一方，故用the
other指“两者中的另一个”。句意：除非我们能够清除他们之间的障碍，否则双方没有一方愿意同另一方谈话。
⑤Over
the
past
20
years,
the
Internet
helped
change
our
world
in
_______
way
or
another
for
the
better.
A.
any
B.
one
C.
every
D.
either
【答案与解析】B。in
one
way
or
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
another以各种方式，以这样或那样的方式，或多或少。句意：在过去的20年里，因特网或多或少的帮助改变我们的世界向更好的方向发展。
考点4
对every-,some-,no-与thing,
one,
body构成的复合不定代词的考查
①—Wow!
You’ve
got
so
many
clothes.
—But
_______
of
them
are
in
fashion
now.
A.
all
B.
both
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案与解析】D。从第一句话可知是指三者以上
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，第二句话转折说没有任何一件现在还流行，none指三者以上都不。句意：“哇！你有这么多的衣服啊！”“但没有一件是现在时髦的。”
②When
you
introduce
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
to
Mr.
Johnson
could
you
please
say
_______
for
me
A.
everything
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
anything
C.
something
D.
nothing
【答案与解析】C。句意：当你向约
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )翰先生介绍我的时候，你可以为我说一些好话吗
everything
所有的；
anything
任何事；nothing
什么也没有；something表示一些，某些。
③_______
in
my
li
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fe
impressed
me
so
deeply
as
my
first
visit
to
the
Palace
Museum.
A.
Anything
B.
Nothing
C.
Everything
D.
Something
【答案与解析】B。nothi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng用于句中表示否定意义，而其他三个词则表示肯定意义。句意：我一生中没有什么比我第一次参观故宫给我的印象更深刻的了。
④You
can
ask
anyone
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for
help.
_______
here
is
willing
to
lend
you
a
hand.
A.
One
B.
No
one
C.
Everyone
D.
Someone
【答案与解析】C。one某一个人/物(指
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )代可数名词单数，表示泛指)；no
one=nobody没有人；everyone每个人(强调全体)；someone某个人。句意：你可以向任何一个人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。根据句意可知本句中的everyone强调所有人都愿意帮助你。故C正确。
⑤Good
families
are
much
to
all
their
members
,
but
_______
to
none
A
.something
B.
anything
C.
everything
D.
nothing
【答案与解析】C。something
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )某事物；anything任何事物；everything
—切；nothing没有什么。句意：优秀的家庭对她的成员们来说意味着许多，但并不是每个人的全部。故C正确。
⑥The
meeting
will
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )held
in
September,
but
_______
knows
the
date
for
sure.
A.
everybody
B.
nobody
C.
anybody
D.
somebody
【答案与解析】B。句意：会议将在九月举行，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )但没有人知道确切的日期。根据but表达转折可知没有人知道，故选B项。不定代词的运用要根据题中所给的语境，及关键词来进行确定。somebody—般用于肯定的陈述句中，anybody多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，everybody
用于肯定句；nobody表示没人或没有人；根据语境中的but可知表示转折，故暗示没有人知道确切的日期。
⑦There
is
_______
in
his
words.
W
e
should
have
a
try.
A.
something
B.
anything
C.
nothing
D.
everything
【答案与解析】A。something
指不简单的事、可观的成绩、有些地位的人。因此选A。句意：他的话有些道理，我们应该试一试。
⑧—
Have
you
fig
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ured
out
how
much
the
trip
will
cost
—$4,000,
or
_______
like
that.
A.
anything
B.
everything
C.
something
D.
nothing
【答案与解析】C。somethin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
like
that
意为“大致如此，差不多这样”，something在本句中是表示不确定的描述或数量等的“大致，左右”的意思。比如：She
called
at
something
after
ten
o’clock.她10点多钟来过电话。It
tastes
something
like
melon.
这吃起来有点像甜瓜。They
pay
six
pounds
an
hour.
Something
like
that.
他们按每小时六英镑付费。大致如此。句意：“这次旅行的费用要多少，你算过了吗？”“四百美元，或者大致如此。”
考点5
对代词特殊用法的考查
①—Did
you
finally
reach
the
top
of
the
mountain
—Yes.
Even
I
myself
didn't
believe
that
I
could
make
_______.
A.
one
B.
it
C.
that
D.
this
【答案与解析】B。句意：“你最终到达山
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )顶了么？”“是的，甚至我自己都不相信我能做到。”make
it“办成，做到，成功做成某事”为固定结构。
②Do
you
like
_______
when
someone
speaks
to
you
without
looking
at
you
A.
that
B.
him
C.
it
D.
those
【答案与解析】C。句意：你喜欢别人不看你和你说话吗？it在此指代从句when
someone
speaks
to
you
without
looking
at
you。再如：I
hate
it
when
people
talk
with
their
mouths
full。
③He
walks
and
tal
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks
like
he’s
________.But
all
of
us
know
he's
nobody.
A.
anybody
B.
somebody
C.
everybody
D.
nobody
【答案与解析】B。句意：他走路
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和说话好像自己是个什么重要人物，但是我们都知道他什么都不是。由句意可知，选somebody，somebody在此意为“重要人物”相当于something。
④I’d
appreciat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
________
if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
will
come.
A.
it
B.
you
C.
one
D.
this
【答案与解析】A。本句句式：I
would
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )appreciate
it
if/when…如果……我感激不尽……；句意：如果你能提前让我知道你是否回来我将感激不尽。故A正确。
⑤How
would
you
like
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
if
you
were
watching
your
favorite
TV
program
and
someone
came
into
the
room
and
just
shut
it
off
without
asking
you
A.
them
B.
one
C.
those
D.
it
【答案与解析】D。句意：当你正在看一个你喜欢的节目时，突然有个人进来，一声不吭地关掉电视，你会怎么想？it作形式宾语，指代后面的句子。
⑥I
know
he
failed
his
last
test,
but
really
he’s
_______
stupid.
A.
something
but
B.
anything
but
C.
nothing
but
D.
not
but
【答案与解析】B。句意：我知道
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他最近一次考试没通过，但他真的绝对不笨。anything
but决不；nothing
but只有，只是，与转折的语气不符合。something
but和not
but都不是固定短语。故选B项。
⑦The
problem
is
not
_______
easy.
Think
_______
over.?
A.
such,
it
B.
that,
it?
C.
so,
one
D.
that,
不填
【答案与解析】B。that作为副词用相当于so。think
over意为“仔细考虑”是及物动词，it指代前面说的“问题”。故选B。2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题03代词
高考押题(原卷版)
1.Echo
is
alway
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
complaining
about
her
job
as
a
cashier,
but
frankly
it’s
_______
to
have
a
job
in
these
difficult
days.
A.
anything
B.
everything
C.
something
D.
nothing
2.—What
do
you
think
about
that
new
librarian
—She
is
_______
of
a
good
clerk,
for
she
even
doesn’t
know
how
to
classify
the
books.
A.
somebody
B.
nothing
C.
something
D.
nobody
3.Making
money
seems
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike
a
problem
that’s
very
far
away
from
us
children,
_______
only
the
parents
need
to
care
about.
A.
everything
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
something
C.
anything
D.
nothing
4.College
students
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )should
learn
to
compromise.
But
some
of
them
only
expect
people
to
change
for
them,
not
_______
way
around.
A.
another
B.
the
other
C.
other
D.
any
other
5.
—Lend
me
some
more
money,
will
you
—Sorry,
I’ve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )got
_______
at
hand
myself.
You
know
the
iPhone
6
cost
me
all
I
had
just
now.
A.
nothing
B.
no
one
C.
none
D.
no
6.Determination
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
a
kind
of
basic
quality
and
this
is
what
_______
takes
to
do
jobs
well.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
one
D.
which
7.China
began
relaxin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
the
original
family
planning
policy
in
January
2014,
allowing
a
couple
to
have
a
second
baby
on
condition
that
_______
is
an
only
child.
A.
another
B.
both
C.
all
D.
either
8.According
to
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
Gini
Index,
the
degree
of
wealth
concentration
in
China
has
risen
by
a
third
in
the
past
35
years
and
now
is
larger
than
_______
of
the
US.
A.
this
B.
one
C.
that
D.
such
9.In
public
places,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )improved
child-care
facilities
will
benefit
_______
genders,
not
just
women.
A.
both
B.
all
C.
either
D.
other
10.—I’ve
sold
my
first
painting!
—This
is
really
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______!
Someone
actually
thinks
your
painting
fantastic.
A.
everything
B.
anything
C.
nothing
D.
something
11.It’s
one
thing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
send
a
short
message
but
_______
to
hove
the
person
receiving
the
message
actually
do
something.
A.
another
B.
other
C.
the
other
D.
others
12.
If
we
see
this
con
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )flict
only
from
one
side
or
________,
we
will
be
blind
to
the
truth.
A.
any
other
B.
other
C.
others
D.
the
other
13.If
I
had
ever
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )feared
death
before,
it
was
_______
compared
to
how
I
felt
as
the
roller
coaster
moved
faster
and
faster.
A.
anything
B.
something
C.
everything
D.
nothing
14.—Tony,
do
remember
to
send
the
report
to
the
sales
manager!
—_______.
A.
Made
it.
B.
Got
it.
C.
Heard
it.
D.
Followed
it.
15.
Actually,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Einstein’s
theory
of
relativity
and
his
other
scientific
works
are
not
_______
hard
to
understand
with
a
little
study.
A.
such
B.
that
C.
only D.
thus
16.—What
do
you
do
as
a
volunteer
in
Africa
—_______!
There
are
many
poor
people
there,
who
need
a
lot
of
help.
A.
Little
B.
Everything
C.
None
D.
Something
17.—What
is
the
man,
do
you
know
—
I
don’t
know
ex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )actly.
But
I
think
he
can
be
_______
but
a
teacher.
A.
anybody
B.
something
C.
anything
D.
everybody
18.By
2025,
when
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
number
of
consumers
worldwide
has
reached
4.
2
billion,
people
with
high
income
will
be,
for
the
first
time,
more
than
______
struggling
to
meet
basic
needs.
A.
one
B.
that
C.
ones
D.
those
19.I
would
app
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reciate
_______,
to
be
frank,
if
my
cell
phone
could
be
fixed
as
soon
as
possible.
A.
you
B.
it
C.
this
D.
myself
20.Empty
talk
is
harmful
to
the
nation,
while
practical
work
can
help
_______
thrive.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
it
D.
which2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题03代词
考点聚焦(学生版)
近年来高考英语试题对代词的最基本用法的考查已经很少涉及了，而是注重于对代词的用法辨析以及
代词特殊用法的考查。主要考点如下：
考点1
对替代词的考查
①(2016高考英语浙江卷)In
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many
ways
,
the
education
system
in
the
US
is
not
very
different
from
_______
in
the
UK.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
one
D.
it
【答案与解析】
②Usually
there
might
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be
a
lot
of
accidents
in
the
heavy
fog.
I
happened
to
witness
_______
this
morning.
A.
it
B.
those
C.
one
D.
that
【答案与解析】
③I
like
this
hous
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
with
a
beautiful
garden
in
front,
but
I
don’t
have
enough
money
to
buy
_______.
A.
one
B.
it
C.
this
D.
that
【答案与解析】
④Studying
Wendy's
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enu,
I
found
that
many
of
the
items
are
similar
to
_______
of
McDonald's
.
A.
those
B.
ones
C.
any
D.
all
【答案与解析】
⑤Professor
Zhang
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
gave
all
the
textbooks
to
all
the
pupils,
except
_______
who
had
already
taken
them.
A.
these
B.
ones
C.
the
ones
D.
the
others
【答案与解析】
⑥It
happens
in
pla
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts
when
gardeners
take
cuttings
from
growing
plants
to
make
new
_______.
A.
ones
B.
one
C.
others
D.
other
ones
【答案与解析】
考点2
对表示两者或多者不定代词的考查
①The
research
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
group
produced
two
reports
based
on
the
survey,
but
_______
contained
any
useful
suggestions.
A.
all
B.
none
C.
either
D.
neither
【答案与解析】
②—When
shall
I
call
,
in
the
morning
or
afternoon
—_______.
I’ll
be
in
all
day
.
A.
Any
B.
None
C.
Neither
D.
Either
【答案与解析】
③Although
Rosemary
had
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
suffered
from
a
serious
illness
for
years,
she
lost
_______
of
her
enthusiasm
for
life.
A.
no
one
B.
neither
C
.none
D.
all
【答案与解析】
④My
brother
would
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike
to
buy
a
good
watch
but
_______
was
available
from
that
shop.
A.
nothing
B.
none
C.
no
one
D.
neither
【答案与解析】
考点3
对another、(the)other(s)等不定代词的考查
①—Would
you
get
me
a
bar
of
chocolate
from
the
kitchen,
dear
—_______
one
A.
Other
B.
Every
C.
Another
D.
More
【答案与解析】
②To
stay
awake,
he
finished
a
cup
of
coffee
and
ordered
_______.
A.
the
other
B.
other
C.
the
others
D.
another
【答案与解析】
③You
are
the
team
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tar!
Working
with
_______
is
really
your
cup
of
tea.
A.
both
B.
either
C.
others
D.
the
other
【答案与解析】
④Neither
side
is
pr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )epared
to
talk
to
_______
unless
we
can
smooth
thing
over
between
them.
A.
others
B.
the
other
C.
another
D.
one
other
【答案与解析】
⑤Over
the
past
20
years,
the
Internet
helped
change
our
world
in
_______
way
or
another
for
the
better.
A.
any
B.
one
C.
every
D.
either
【答案与解析】
考点4
对every-,some-,no-与thing,
one,
body构成的复合不定代词的考查
①—Wow!
You’ve
got
so
many
clothes.
—But
_______
of
them
are
in
fashion
now.
A.
all
B.
both
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案与解析】
②When
you
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )troduce
me
to
Mr.
Johnson
could
you
please
say
_______
for
me
A.
everythin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
B.
anything
C.
something
D.
nothing
【答案与解析】
③_______
in
my
life
im
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pressed
me
so
deeply
as
my
first
visit
to
the
Palace
Museum.
A.
Anything
B.
Nothing
C.
Everything
D.
Something
【答案与解析】
④You
can
ask
anyone
fo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
help.
_______
here
is
willing
to
lend
you
a
hand.
A.
One
B.
No
one
C.
Everyone
D.
Someone
【答案与解析】
⑤Good
families
are
much
to
all
their
members
,
but
_______
to
none
A
.something
B.
anything
C.
everything
D.
nothing
【答案与解析】
⑥The
meeting
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will
be
held
in
September,
but
_______
knows
the
date
for
sure.
A.
everybody
B.
nobody
C.
anybody
D.
somebody
【答案与解析】
⑦There
is
_______
in
his
words.
W
e
should
have
a
try.
A.
something
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
anything
C.
nothing
D.
everything
【答案与解析】
⑧—
Have
you
figured
ou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
how
much
the
trip
will
cost
—$4,000,
or
_______
like
that.
A.
anything
B.
everything
C.
something
D.
nothing
【答案与解析】
考点5
对代词特殊用法的考查
①—Did
you
finally
reach
the
top
of
the
mountain
—Yes.
Even
I
myself
didn't
believe
that
I
could
make
_______.
A.
one
B.
it
C.
that
D.
this
【答案与解析】
②Do
you
like
_______
when
someone
speaks
to
you
without
looking
at
you
A.
that
B.
him
C.
it
D.
those
【答案与解析】
③He
walks
and
talks
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike
he’s
________.But
all
of
us
know
he's
nobody.
A.
anybody
B.
somebody
C.
everybody
D.
nobody
【答案与解析】
④I’d
appreciate
________
if
you
could
let
me
know
in
advance
whether
or
not
you
will
come.
A.
it
B.
you
C.
one
D.
this
【答案与解析】
⑤How
would
you
lik
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
_______
if
you
were
watching
your
favorite
TV
program
and
someone
came
into
the
room
and
just
shut
it
off
without
asking
you
A.
them
B.
one
C.
those
D.
it
【答案与解析】
⑥I
know
he
failed
his
last
test,
but
really
he’s
_______
stupid.
A.
something
but
B.
anything
but
C.
nothing
but
D.
not
but
【答案与解析】
⑦The
problem
is
not
_______
easy.
Think
_______
over.?
A.
such,
it
B.
that,
it?
C.
so,
one
D.
that,
不填
【答案与解析】2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题03代词
高考押题(解析版)
1.Echo
is
always
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
complaining
about
her
job
as
a
cashier,
but
frankly
it’s
_______
to
have
a
job
in
these
difficult
days.
A.
anything
B.
everything
C.
something
D.
nothing
【答案】C
【解析】it’s
something意为“
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )已经不错了”，类例：that’s
something真了不起！句意：Echo总是抱怨她当出纳员的工作。但是说实话，在这些艰难的日子里能找到份工作就已经不错了。故选C。
2.—What
do
you
think
about
that
new
librarian
—She
is
_______
of
a
good
clerk,
for
she
even
doesn’t
know
how
to
classify
the
books.
A.
somebody
B.
nothing
C.
something
D.
nobody
【答案】B
【解析】nothing
of不够……的素质或条件。例如：Mr.
Wu
is
nothing
of
a
musician.吴先生全无音乐家的风味。句意：“你觉得那个新图书管理员怎么样？”“她不是一个好办事员，因为她甚至不知道如何将图书进行分类。”故选B。
3.Making
money
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
seems
like
a
problem
that’s
very
far
away
from
us
children,
_______
only
the
parents
need
to
care
about.
A.
everything
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
something
C.
anything
D.
nothing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：赚钱的事情似乎是离我们这
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )些孩子很遥远的问题，只是父母家长需要关心的事情。something指代前文的making
money，故选B项。
4.College
students
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hould
learn
to
compromise.
But
some
of
them
only
expect
people
to
change
for
them,
not
_______
way
around.
A.
another
B.
the
other
C.
other
D.
any
other
【答案】B
【解祈】句意：大学生应该学会妥
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )协。但是大学生中有有些人只是希望人们为他们而改变，而不是相反。not
the
other
way
around而不是相反的。根据句意故选B。
5.
—Lend
me
some
more
money,
will
you
—Sorry,
I’ve
go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
_______
at
hand
myself.
You
know
the
iPhone
6
cost
me
all
I
had
just
now.
A.
nothing
B.
no
one
C.
none
D.
no
【答案】C
【解析】答语的第二句提到iPhone
6花光了答话人所有的钱，由此可知答话人现在手头上没有钱，故用none，相当于no
money。
6.Determination
is
a
k
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind
of
basic
quality
and
this
is
what
_______
takes
to
do
jobs
well.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
one
D.
which
【答案】C
【解析】从结构判断what________
takes
to
do
jobs
well是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，而one可以表示“一个人”，所以C选项正确。句意：决心是一种基本的品质，而且这是一个人做好工作所必须的。
7.China
bega
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
relaxing
the
original
family
planning
policy
in
January
2014,
allowing
a
couple
to
have
a
second
baby
on
condition
that
_______
is
an
only
child.
A.
another
B.
both
C.
all
D.
either
【答案】D
【解祈】句意：中国在2014年1月开始放
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )宽原先的计划生育政策，允许一对夫妇生育第二个孩子，条件是夫妻双方中的任何一方为独生子女。either=the
mother
or
father指夫妇两人中任意一个；another指三者及其以上的另一个。
8.According
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
Gini
Index,
the
degree
of
wealth
concentration
in
China
has
risen
by
a
third
in
the
past
35
years
and
now
is
larger
than
_______
of
the
US.
A.
this
B.
one
C.
that
D.
such
【答案】C
【解析】
that/those在
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句中用来代替前面出现的同类比较对象，that指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，that指代上文提到的“the
degree
of
wealth
concentration”。句意：据基尼指数显示，过去35年来，中国的财富集中度增长了三分之一，如今比美国还高。
9.In
public
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )places,
improved
child-care
facilities
will
benefit
_______
genders,
not
just
women.
A.
both
B.
all
C.
either
D.
other
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在公共场所，改善了的儿童护理设施将有利于男女双方，不仅仅是对女方。genders(性别)只有两个：男女。故选A。
10.—I’ve
sold
my
first
painting!
—This
is
really
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____!
Someone
actually
thinks
your
painting
fantastic.
A.
everything
B.
anything
C.
nothing
D.
something
【答案】D
【解祈】句意：“我卖掉了我的第一幅画！”“太
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )棒了！一定有人认为你的画是极好的。”This/It
is
really
something为习惯用法，意为“太棒了，好极了”。该句中something指“重要的事物(人)，有一定意义的事物”，符合句意。故答案选D。
11.It’s
one
thing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
send
a
short
message
but
_______
to
hove
the
person
receiving
the
message
actually
do
something.
A.
another
B.
other
C.
the
other
D.
others
【答案】A
【解析】句意：发短信是一回事，而让收到短信的人做什么事又是另外一回事。(one…)another(表示另外一个，故选A项。
12.
If
we
see
this
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onflict
only
from
one
side
or
________,
we
will
be
blind
to
the
truth.
A.
any
other
B.
other
C.
others
D.
the
other
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果我们仅仅从一方或另一方来
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )看待这一冲突，我将无视现实。看待事物应该从正反两个方面看，所以用：one...the
other。故选D。
13.If
I
had
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ever
feared
death
before,
it
was
_______
compared
to
how
I
felt
as
the
roller
coaster
moved
faster
and
faster.
A.
anything
B.
something
C.
everything
D.
nothing
【答案】D
【解析】句意：要说我以前
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )怕死过，可要与坐着过山车转得越来越快时的感觉相比，那简直算不上什么了。
即：没有什么可以与坐着过山车转得越来越快时的感觉相比。故选nothing。
14.—Tony,
do
remember
to
send
the
report
to
the
sales
manager!
—_______.
A.
Made
it.
B.
Got
it.
C.
Heard
it.
D.
Followed
it.
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“托尼，记住将报
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )告送给销售经理。”“明白。”Got
it“明白；懂了”，与句意相符。Made
it.做到，成功，Heard
it.听见它，Followed
it.跟随它，所以选B。
15.
Actually,
Einst
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ein’s
theory
of
relativity
and
his
other
scientific
works
are
not
_______
hard
to
understand
with
a
little
study.
A.
such
B.
that
C.
only D.
thus
【答案】B
【解析】句意：实际上，只用稍作研究，爱因斯坦的相对论和他的其他的科学著作并不是那么难理解的。that
hard=so
hard那么难。
16.—What
do
you
do
as
a
volunteer
in
Africa
—_______!
There
are
many
poor
people
there,
who
need
a
lot
of
help.
A.
Little
B.
Everything
C.
None
D.
Something
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“你在非洲作
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为志愿者做些什么呢？”“什么都做！那儿有很多穷人，他们需要很多帮助。”根据下一句可知，选项A和选项C错误。而选项D.
something指某些事，语意不清，故选择B项：(I
do)Everything(我)什么都做。
17.—What
is
the
man,
do
you
know
—
I
don’t
kn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow
exactly.
But
I
think
he
can
be
_______
but
a
teacher.
A.
anybody
B.
something
C.
anything
D.
everybody
【答案】C
【解析】anything
but
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的意思是“根本不是”。句意：“那个人是干什么的，你知道吗？”“我还不十分清楚。但我敢断定，他根本不是什么教师。”故选C。
18.By
2025,
when
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
number
of
consumers
worldwide
has
reached
4.
2
billion,
people
with
high
income
will
be,
for
the
first
time,
more
than
______
struggling
to
meet
basic
needs.
A.
one
B.
that
C.
ones
D.
those
【答案】D
【解析】句意：到2025年,
当全世
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )界消费者的人数将达到42亿时，高收入的人将首次超过还在想方设法来满足生活基本需要的人。根据句子中提到的people及struggling
to
meet
basic
needs可知句中填入的部分应为可数名词复数,
且为特指,
故用those。
19.I
would
app
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reciate
_______,
to
be
frank,
if
my
cell
phone
could
be
fixed
as
soon
as
possible.
A.
you
B.
it
C.
this
D.
myself
【答案】B
【解析】本句句式：I
would
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )appreciate
it
if/when…如果……我感激不尽……；句意：如果你尽早把我的手机修好的话，坦率地说，我将感激不尽。
20.Empty
talk
is
harmful
to
the
nation,
while
practical
work
can
help
_______
thrive.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
it
D.
which
【答案】C
【解析】句意：空谈误国，实干兴邦。这里it指the
nation，所以选C。2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题03代词
知识精讲(学生版)
代词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，也是考
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生容易出错的项目，因为代词具有较大灵活性。考生在做代词选择填空时最容易犯的错误一是机械地套用语法规则；二是用汉语思维去分析题意。
一、代词的基础知识
数
单数
复数
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
You
them
物主代词
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代词
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
指示代词
this
that
such
these
those
such
相互代词
宾格
each
other
one
another
所有格
each
other’s
one
another’s
不定代词
可数
one,
each,
many,
(a)
few
,both,
another,
either,
neither
不可数
much,
(a)
little
可数不可数
any,
other,
all,
some
复合不定代词
anyone
anybody
anythi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
somebody
something
someone
everyone
everything
everybody
nobody
nothing
疑问代词
who
whom
whose
which
what
连接代词
who
whom
whose
which
what(专题10名词从句)
关系代词
who
whom
whose
which
that(专题12定语从句)
二、代词的重点知识
(一)易混代词的辨析
1.
that(those),
one(ones)和it(的替代用法)
①it替代上文中所提到的同一事物。它所替代的名词前常常有修饰词：the,
this,
that。
②one替代上文中所出现的非特指的单数名词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，所替代的名词前常常有修饰词：some
或any；one的复数形式用ones；the
one
用来替代上文提到的特指的单数名词；the
ones用来替代上文提到的特指的复数名词。
③that替代上文中所出现的特指的名词，单数名词或不可数名词都可以；those替代上文中所出现，特指的复数名词。
①Where
is
that
book
I
can’t
find
it.
②I
haven’t
got
any
erasers.
Will
you
please
lend
me
one
③The
book
isn’t
so
interesting
as
the
one/that
you
borrowed.
④The
best
cigarettes
are
those/the
ones
from
Yunnan.
⑤The
boy
told
me
his
story
and
that/the
one
of
the
girl
next
door.
⑥Your
coat
is
blue,
and
my
new
one
is
green.
说明：①one和that都可以用来替代上文中所出现的名词，有时可以互换；但是在下列情况下不可以互换：
只能用that
只能用one
that既可替代可数名词，也可替代不可数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人，复数形式为those。
one只能替代可数名词单数，复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时，只能用one
②the
ones用来替代上文提到的特指的复数名词，有时可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下。
The
books
on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
desk
are
better
than
those/the
ones
under
the
desk.
桌上的那些书比桌下的好。
Only
those(the
ones
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))who
had
booked
in
advance
were
allowed
in.
只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。
但是，the
ones中的ones根据情况可用形容词修饰，而those不可以。
—Which
do
you
want 你想要哪个
—I’ll
have
the
red
ones.我要红色的。
Don’t
buy
the
expensive
apples;
get
the
cheaper
ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。
①My
seat
is
next
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
_______
of
the
famous
writer
so
I
could
ask
for
some
advice
from
him
about
writing.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
it
D.
one
【答案与解析】
②The
story
convey
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
a
strong
message,
_______
that
will
hopefully
touch
all
who
read
it.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
those
D.
one
【答案与解析】
③At
our
factory
there
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
a
few
machines
similar
to
_______
described
in
this
magazine.
A.
them
B.
these
C.
those
D.
ones
【答案与解析】
2.
both,
either,
neither,
all,
none,
each,
every的区别
①用于两者：both(两者都)，either(两者中的任何一个)，neither(两者中的任何一个都不)。
②用于三者及以上：all(全部都，指代可数和不可数名词均可)，none(全都不，任何一个都不，指代可数
和不可数名词均可)；each(每一个，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语)，every(每一个，作定语)用于多者。
③both,
all,
each,
every以及由every构成的不定代词出现在否定句中，不管否定词在前还是在后，都是部
分否定：All
of
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hem
don’t
like
music=Not
all
of
them
like
music.他们并不都喜欢音乐。
要表示完全否定，需要借助neither,
none,
no
one,
nothing,
nobody等。
Neither
of
them
doesn’t
like
music.他们俩都不喜欢音乐。
None
of
them
don’t
like
the
music.他们都不喜欢音乐。
①—Would
you
like
tea
or
coffee
—_______,
thank
you.
I’ve
just
had
some
water.
A.
Either
B.
Both
C.
Any
D.
Neither
【答案与解析】
②Sophia
waited
for
a
reply,
but
_______
came.
A.
either
B.
another
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案与解析】
③When
he
took
his
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )loves
off,
I
noticed
that
_______
one
had
his
name
written
inside.
A.
each
B.
every
C.
other
D.
another
【答案与解析】
④It’s
an
either—or
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ituation
—
we
can
buy
a
new
car
this
year
or
we
can
go
on
holiday
but
we
can’t
do
_______.
A.
others
B.
either
C.
another
D.
both
【答案与解析】
3.
the
other,
other,
another,
others的区别
①the
other可单独使用，特指
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两个人或物中的“另一个”；也可修饰名词表示“另外的……”。other不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义。one...the
other(两者中的)一个……另一个……。
②another可单独使用，也可修饰名
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词”形式，表示“再，又，另外的……(多少)”。
one...another...
another...
(三者及其以上中的)一个……另一个……还有一个。one
another互相，相互。
I
have
three
da
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ughters.
One
is
a
nurse,
another
is
a
teacher
and
another
is
a
worker.
我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。
We’d
better
wait
another
five
minutes.我们最好再等五分钟时间。
③others只能单独使用，表示泛指意
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some一起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用the
others。(许多人中的)some…others…the
others…一些……另外一些……其余的(指所有剩下的)……。
①Recycling
is
one
way
to
protect
the
environment;
reusing
is
_______.
A.
another
B.
the
other
C.
one
another
D.
one
【答案与解析】
②In
some
countries,
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople
eat
with
chopsticks,
while
in
_______,
knives
and
forks.
A.
another
B.
others
C.
both
D.
all
【答案与解析】
③To
warm
himse
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lf,
the
sailor
sat
in
front
of
the
fire
rubbing
one
bare
foot
against
_______.
A.
another
B.
the
other
C.
other
D.
either
【答案与解析】
4.
none,
no
one,
nobody,
nothing的区别
①none既可指人，也可指物；侧重数量
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，通常指三者或三者以上的人或物；后可接of短语；作主语时谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；常用来回答由how
many/much引导的疑问句。
②no
one,
nobody只能指人，是泛指概念，常用来回答由who引导的疑问句；不与of短语连用；作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
③nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念；常用来回答由what引导的疑问句。
注：somebody(某人)，anyb
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ody(任何人)，nobody(没有人)；something(某事/物)，anything(任何事/物)，nothing(没有东西)。
①A
smile
costs
_______,
but
gives
much.
A.
anything
B.
something
C.
nothing
D.
everything
【答案与解析】
②Niki
is
always
full
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
ideas,
but
_______
is
useful
to
my
knowledge.
A.
nothing
B.
no
one
C.
neither
D.
none
【答案与解析】
③_______
can
be
good
at
something
for
40
years
if
he
doesn’t
love
it.
A.
Anybody
B.
Everybody
C.
Nobody
D.
Somebody
【答案与解析】
④Charles
was
alone
at
home,
with
_______
looking
after
him.
A.
someone
B.
anyone
C.
not
one
D.
no
one
【答案与解析】
(二)代词的特殊用法
1.it的特殊用法
it除了常见的用法(指代自然现象、季节、时间
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、距离、环境以及可代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语)以外，要熟记下列有关it的固定搭配及句型：
get
it了解，懂得，弄明白
keep
it
up继续下去，不松劲
make
it做成(到)某事，事业获得成功，赶上火车等，及时抵达某地，约定时间
when
it
comes
to当提到/涉及到……的时候
see
to
it
that…务必做到，保证,
enjoy(like,
love,
dislike,
hate,
see
to,
appreciate,
stand)+it+宾语从句
①I’m
afraid
you
ca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t
_______
to
the
village
in
an
hour;
you
must
allow
for
the
icy
road.
A.
get
it
B.
take
it
C.
leave
it
D.
make
it
【答案与解析】
②—Alice,
turn
off
the
light
and
lock
the
door
before
you
leave.
—_______.
A.
Got
it
B.
Made
it
C.
Heard
it
D.
Taken
it
【答案与解析】
③—Mom.
I
came
first
in
the
National
Basic
Skill
Competition.
—Well
done!
_______.
A.
Keep
it
up
B.
Take
it
easy
C.
Catch
it
D.
Hold
it.
【答案与解析】
④—Why
did
he
let
you
repeat
his
instruction
time
and
time
again
—_______
that
I
remember
what
was
_______
after
he
went
out.
A.
To
see
to
it;
to
be
done
B.
Making
sure;
to
be
done
C.
To
make
sure;
to
do
D.
Seeing
to;
done
【答案与解析】
⑤I
dislike
_______
when
you
speak
loudly
in
public.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
this
D.
it
【答案与解析】
⑥I
would
appreciate
_______
if
you
could
pay
it
in
cash.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
you
D.
one
【答案与解析】
⑦I
dislike
_______
when
others
laugh
at
me
in
public
or
speak
ill
of
me
behind.
A.
that
B.
them
C.
those
D.
It
【答案与解析】
2.something,
anything,
nothing等的特殊用法
something有价值的或重要的人或事物
something
of(a+职业名词)有点像、在某种意义/程度)上有点儿像
something
like大约，放在数字前面
anything
but根本不
nothing
but除了……没有；只有
nothing
of不够……的素质或条件；一点也不像
①After
winning
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
singing
competition,
she
thought
herself
something
in
her
neighborhood.
在赢得了唱歌比赛的胜利后，她自以为在邻居心目中就是个
。
②The
fellow
was
sa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id
to
be
something
of
a
scholar. As
it
turned
out,
he
was
a
cheat.
据说这家伙是个
，结果证明他是个骗子。
③—How
many
employees
are
there
in
the
company
公司有多少职员？
—We
have
something
like
500
people
working
there.
我们有
500人在那工作。
④Alone
as
she
is,
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
is
kept
so
busy
with
her
work
for
women’s
rights
that
she
feels
anything
but
lonely.
尽管她是独自一人，但她忙于妇女权益工作，以至于她
感到寂寞。
⑤For
miles
aro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und
us
there
was
nothing
but
a
desert,
without
a
single
plant
or
tree
out
of
sight.
离我们几里远的地方
沙漠
，看不到一棵植物或一棵树。
⑥Mr.
Wu
is
nothing
of
a
musician.
吴先生全无音乐家的
/吴先生
音乐家。
3.代词宾格的特殊用法
人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格。
—Glad
to
meet
you.见到你很高兴。—Me,
too.见到你我也很高兴。
—Susan,
go
and
join
your
sister
cleaning
the
yard.苏珊，和你姐姐地起去扫院子。
—Why
me
John
is
sitting
there
doing
nothing.为什么让我去？约翰正坐在那儿没事可做。
4.反身代词的特殊用法
①主语与宾语是同一个人时，应当用反身代词
I
taught
myself
English
at
the
age
of
ten.我十岁时就自学英语了。
②在系动词后作表语，常用于否定句，表示身体不适
I’m
not
myself
today
after
so
many
drinks!
Let’s
talk
tomorrow.
我今天喝多了不在状态，明天谈吧。
③用在交际英语中
Help
yourself!
随便吃!(宴请礼仪)自己拿吧!
Make
yourself
at
home!别拘束!
④辨别几组搭配
enjoy
oneself
玩，玩得开心
by
oneself独自，单独
for
oneself独自地，靠自己的力量
of
oneself主动地
to
oneself独占，独用
①My
mum
would
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
like
me
to
go
home
early,
but
I
am
staying
here
a
bit
longer
to
enjoy
myself.
我妈妈想让我早点回家，但我想(在这儿)多玩一会儿。
②Hiking
by
oneself
ca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
be
fun
and
good
for
health.
It
may
also
be
good
for
character
training.
单独远足是有趣的事而且对健康有益，也对性格训练有好处。
③Seeing
a
thing
for
on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eself
is
better
than
hearing
about
it”
means
that
secondhand
experience
is
less
reliable
than
first
hand
experience,
which
is
perfectly
true.
谚语“眼见为实，耳听为虚”的意思是间接经验没有直接经验更可信，这是非常正确的。
④The
fire
went
out
of
itself.火自己熄灭了。
⑤Tom
thought
to
himself
that
he
could
win.汤姆暗自想/心想他能获胜。
5.this/that作副词用
代词this和that也可用作副词，相当于s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o，修饰形容词或副词，作程度状语，表示“这么”、“那么”、“这样”、“那样”的意思。许多同学对此并不熟悉，也没有引起足够的重视。
①I
don’t
think
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
matter
shouldn’t
be
this
simple.
I
am
afraid
that
there is
something
behind
it.
我认为事情不该这个简单，我怕这里面还有啥名堂。
②I’m
sorry,
I
hadn’t
expected
the
situation
would
become
that
bad.
对不起，我没有料到情况会变得那么糟糕。
①—Would
you
say
something
more
about
it
—I’m
afraid
I
can’t.
I
only
know
_______
much.
A.
such
B.
too
C.
very
D.
that
【答案与解析】
②We
can
hardly
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elieve
that
she
can
speak
English
_______
fluently
within
such
a
short
period
of
time.
A.
such
B.
much
C.
this
D.
hardly
【答案与解析】
