Unit 1 How can we become good learners？单元语法讲练介词by（含答案解析）—人教版九年级全一册

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人教版九年级全一册Unit 1 How can we become good learners
单元语法讲练：介词by
1. 表示方式、方法或手段
意为“通过……方式”、“靠”、“凭”、“用”。
后接名词或动名词 (V-ing)。
结构：by +名词(不带冠词) / by + V-ing
o I learn English by watching movies. (我通过看电影来学英语。)
o You can reserve a ticket by phone. (你可以通过电话订票。)
o Please send the package by air mail. (请用航空邮件寄这个包裹。)
常见搭配：
by car / bus / train / plane / bike / boat (乘坐汽车/公交/火车/飞机/自行车/船)
o 注意： 在by后，交通工具前不加任何冠词 (a, an, the) 或物主代词 (my, his)。
I go to school by bus. (正确)
I go to school by a bus. (错误)
by hand (手工)
by mistake (错误地)
by chance / accident (偶然地)
2. 表示被动语态中的执行者
在被动语态“be + 过去分词”之后，用 by 来引出动作的执行者（即谁做了这个动作）。
结构： be + 过去分词 + by + 执行者
o The window was broken by the boy. (窗户被那个男孩打碎了。)
o Harry Potter was written by J.K. Rowling. (《哈利·波特》是J.K.罗琳写的。)
o English is spoken by many people. (英语被很多人使用。)
3. 表示位置“在……旁边”
意思接近于 beside 或 next to。
Come and sit by me. (过来坐我旁边。)
There is a tree by the river. (河边有棵树。)
4. 表示时间“不迟于，在……之前”
指在某个时间点之前完成某事。
Please finish your homework by 10 o'clock. (请在10点前完成你的作业。)
I will be back by Friday. (我最迟周五回来。)
巩固练习题 (50道)
一. 单项选择
1. I usually go to school ______ bus.
A. on B. in C. by D. with
1. The song was sung ______ a famous singer.
A. with B. for C. by D. to
1. Please sit down ______ the fire. It's warm here.
A. by B. on C. over D. at
1. You can improve your speaking ______ practicing more.
A. with B. for C. by D. of
1. We have to hand in our report ______ tomorrow.
A. on B. in C. until D. by
1. — How did you come here
— I came here ______ my father's car.
A. by B. in C. with D. on
1. The computer was invented ______ Charles Babbage.
A. from B. of C. by D. with
1. The little girl was frightened ______ the big dog.
A. by B. with C. for D. to
1. Will you please come ______ 8 o'clock The meeting starts at 8:30.
A. by B. after C. until D. in
1. She made this beautiful dress ______ hand.
A. by B. with C. in D. on
1. The house ______ the lake is my grandfather's.
A. on B. in C. by D. at
1. He entered the room ______ the back door.
A. by B. with C. through D. across
1. "Romeo and Juliet" was written ______ Shakespeare.
A. with B. by C. for D. from
1. I think we can solve the problem ______ working together.
A. by B. with C. for D. on
1. Can you finish the work ______ next Monday
A. by B. on C. in D. at
1. We traveled to Paris ______ train.
A. on B. by C. with D. in
1. The cake was eaten ______ the children.
A. with B. for C. by D. to
1. Don't stand ______ the window. It's cold outside.
A. on B. at C. by D. in
1. He learned to cook ______ watching videos online.
A. by B. with C. for D. through
1. All the work must be done ______ sunset.
A. by B. on C. in D. at
1. — How are you going to the zoo
— ______ bike.
A. On B. By C. With D. In
1. The beautiful picture was drawn ______ my sister.
A. with B. by C. for D. to
1. I'm sorry, I took your umbrella ______ mistake.
A. by B. for C. with D. on
1. We met our old friend ______ chance in the supermarket.
A. in B. for C. by D. with
1. The thief entered the house ______ breaking the window.
A. with B. by C. for D. on
1. You should be here ______ 9 a.m. at the latest.
A. until B. by C. for D. since
1. The package was delivered ______ mail.
A. by B. with C. on D. through
1. There is a small café ______ the road.
A. on B. by C. at D. for
1. She paid for the dinner ______ credit card.
A. by B. with C. on D. through
1. The project was completed ______ our whole team.
A. with B. for C. by D. to
二. 用 by, with, in, on 填空
31. I go to work ______ subway every day.
31. She wrote the letter ______ a blue pen.
31. The book was written ______ Mark Twain.
31. Please come ______ 7 o'clock. The movie starts at 7:15.
31. He made a living ______ selling newspapers.
31. They are talking ______ the phone.
31. The room is lit ______ a small lamp.
31. We will have learned all the grammar ______ the end of this month.
31. The house was destroyed ______ fire.
31. He got the answer ______ asking the teacher.
三. 句子翻译 (使用by翻译下列句子)
41. 我是通过听录音来学习发音的。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 这座桥是由一位著名的工程师设计的。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 请在最晚周日之前给我回信。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 河边有一家很好的餐厅。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 她通过努力学习取得了好成绩。
_____________________________________________________________________
41. 这个花瓶是手工制作的。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 那个孩子被一声巨响吓到了。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 我们可以通过多读书来增长知识。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 他们乘飞机去北京。
______________________________________________________________________
41. 这个蛋糕是妈妈为我做的。
______________________________________________________________________
练习题答案与解析
一. 单项选择
1. C by。by bus 是固定搭配，表示乘坐交通工具。
1. C by。被动语态中，动作的执行者是“a famous singer”，用by引出。
1. A by。此处by表示“在……旁边”，坐在火炉旁边。
1. C by。by practicing 表示“通过练习”这种方式。
1. D by。表示截止时间“在明天之前”。
1. B in。当交通工具前有物主代词my father's或冠词the/a时，要用in或on。in the car, on the bus。
1. C by。被动语态，执行者是“Charles Babbage”。
1. A by。被动语态（被动态形容词frightened），使她害怕的是“the big dog”。
1. A by。表示“在8点前（到来）”。
1. A by。by hand 是固定搭配，表示“手工”。
1. C by。表示位置，“在湖边”的房子。
1. A by。by the back door 表示“通过后门”这种方式/路径。
1. B by。被动语态，执行者是“Shakespeare”。
1. A by。by working together 表示“通过一起合作”这种方式。
1. A by。表示截止时间“在下周一之前”。
1. B by。by train 是固定搭配，表示乘坐交通工具。
1. C by。被动语态，动作的执行者是“the children”。
1. C by。表示位置，“不要站在窗户旁边”。
1. A by。by watching videos 表示“通过看视频”这种方式。
1. A by。表示截止时间“在日落之前”。
1. B By。回答方式，By bike。
1. B by。被动语态，执行者是“my sister”。
1. A by。by mistake 是固定搭配，表示“错误地”。
1. C by。by chance 是固定搭配，表示“偶然地”。
1. B by。by breaking the window 表示“通过打破窗户”这种方式。
1. B by。表示截止时间“最晚在9点”。
1. A by。by mail 是固定搭配，表示“通过邮寄的方式”。
1. B by。表示位置，“在路边”。
1. B with。表示使用具体有形的工具时，常用with。with a credit card。
1. C by。被动语态，执行者是“our whole team”。
二. 用 by, with, in, on 填空
31. by。by subway 乘坐地铁。
31. with。使用具体工具“一支蓝色的笔”，用with。
31. by。被动语态，执行者是“Mark Twain”。
31. by。表示截止时间“在7点前”。
31. by。by selling newspapers 表示“通过卖报纸”这种方式谋生。
31. on。on the phone 是固定搭配，表示“通过电话（交谈）”。
31. by 或 with。两者均可，略有区别。by强调方式（被一盏灯照亮），with强调使用的工具（用一盏灯照亮）。
31. by。by the end of 是固定搭配，表示“到……末为止”。
31. by。by fire 表示“被大火（摧毁）”，强调方式原因。
31. by。by asking the teacher 表示“通过问老师”这种方式。
三. 句子翻译
41. I learn pronunciation by listening to recordings.
41. The bridge was designed by a famous engineer.
41. Please reply to me by Sunday at the latest.
41. There is a very good restaurant by the river.
41. She got good grades by studying hard.
41. This vase was made by hand.
41. The child was frightened by a loud noise.
41. We can gain knowledge by reading more books.
41. They went to Beijing by plane.
41. This cake was made by my mother for me. (注意：此句for me表示“为我”，by my mother表示“由我妈妈制作”)
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