英语 必修 第三册 RJ
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
& Listening and Talking
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．midnight n. 子夜；午夜
2．pole n. (行星的)极；地极
3．lip n. 嘴唇
4．chairman n. 主席；主持人；董事长
5．memory n. 记忆力；回忆
6．café n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆
7．waitress n. (餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者
8．pregnant adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．operation n. 手术；企业；经营
2．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
3．import n. 进口；进口商品 vt. 进口；输入；引进
4．export n. 出口；出口商品 vt. 出口；输出；传播
5．bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇 n. 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
6．assist vt. 帮助；援助
7．chain n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
accident n. 事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv. 意外地；偶然地
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
lap 熟义：n. (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
生义：v. 拍打；(赛跑中)领先；(动物)舐，舔
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．first__aid 急救
2．pass__away 去世
3．in__memory__of 作为对……的纪念
观察下列句子并写出黑体部分的功能
1．Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help？宾语补足语
2．He found his wife concentrating on the reading of a fashion magazine.宾语补足语
3．Going straight down the road, you will find the store.条件状语
4．The sun set, painting the sky with beautiful colors.结果状语
5．Can you smell something burning in the kitchen 宾语补足语
6．Working hard as he did, he was still unable to earn enough money to buy a car.让步状语
探究一 热词
(一)高频词
1.operation n. 手术；企业；经营(教材P18)
operate v. 动手术；操作；经营 have/do/perform an operation (on sb) (给某人)做手术 in operation 工作中；运行中；有效 come into operation 开始工作；开始生效 put sth into operation 实施；使……运转；启用 operate on/upon ... 对……动手术
【语境感知】
①He had an operation on his heart a few years ago and is doing well now.
他几年前做过心脏手术，现在恢复得很好。
②The system needs to be in operation for six months before it can be assessed.
该系统需要运行六个月才能进行评估。
③The high speed railway connecting two major cities has been put into operation, greatly reducing travel time.
连接两个主要城市的高速铁路已经开始运行，大大缩短了旅行时间。
④The surgeon who operated on the king released the details of his injuries.
为国王做手术的外科医生公布了其伤势的详情。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We expect the new rules to come into operation early.
②He wasn't willing to get a young doctor to operate on her.
【学会表达】完成句子
③据说该公司自1996年开始运营。
It's said the company has__been__in__operation__since__1996．
④如果医生早些给他做手术，他就不会死。
If the doctor had__performed/had/done__an__operation__on__him__earlier,__he wouldn't have died.
2.whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传(教材P18)
whisper (sth) to sb 对某人耳语(某事) It is/was whispered that ... 有人私下说…… in a whisper/whispers 低声地
【语境感知】
①James leaned over to whisper something to Michael.
詹姆斯俯身向迈克尔低声说了些什么。
②It was whispered that he would soon die and he did.
有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。
③He asks, almost in a whisper, “Are you OK？”
他低声问道：“你还好吗？”
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He drew me aside and told me the news in a whisper.
②It is whispered that he is heavily in debt.
③She whispered to her husband for fear of being heard.
【学会表达】完成句子
④当我看到他们在窃窃私语时，我就知道有怪事发生。
When__I__saw__them__whispering__to__each__other,__I knew there was something strange going on.
3.assist vt. 帮助；援助(教材P18)
assistance n. 帮助；援助 assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 assist sb in/with sth 帮助某人某事 with the assistance of sb/sth 在某人/某物的帮助下 be of assistance 有用，有帮助
【语境感知】
①I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.
饭后，我总是帮助我的父母洗碗。
②Could you please assist me with this report
你能帮我完成这份报告吗？
③The patient was able to walk again with the assistance of a walker.
在助行器的帮助下，病人又能走路了。
④Her language skills were of great assistance during our trip to Spain.
在我们去西班牙的旅行中，她的语言能力有很大帮助。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We are in need of someone to assist us with/in the data entry process.
②I come here at the request of Jack to assist him in finding (find) somewhere to live.
【学会表达】完成句子
③一组护士协助医生为盲人做手术。
A team of nurses assisted__the__doctor__to__have/in__having__the__operation on the blind man.
④他一直在志愿者的帮助下经营着这家商店。
He has been operating the shop with__the__assistance__of__volunteers．
(二)拓展词
4.accident n. 事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv. 意外地；偶然地
【语境感知】
I accidentally dropped my phone on the floor, causing an accidental accident.
我不小心把手机掉在地上，造成了意外事故。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The painting fell off the wall, leaving an accidental (accident) stain on the carpet.
【学会表达】翻译句子
②今天早上在繁忙的高速公路上发生了一起车祸。
A__car__accident__occurred__on__the__busy__highway__this__morning.
（三）熟词生义
5.lap [熟义] n. (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈 [生义] v. 拍打；(赛跑中)领先；(动物)舐，舔
【语境感知】
①He leaned back in his chair, resting his book on the lap to take a short break.
他向后靠在椅子上，把书放在腿上休息了一会儿。
②The runner completed the first lap in record time.
这位选手以破纪录的时间完成了第一圈。
③They are waves lapping on the shore, gentle winds, and light rainfall.
它们是拍岸的海浪、微风和小雨。
④The little puppy eagerly lapped up the milk from its bowl.
小狗急切地舔食碗里的牛奶。
【学会理解】同义词替换
①The child happily lapped the spoon clean after finishing his ice cream. licked__舔
【学会表达】翻译句子
②他在最后一圈设法超过了领先的人。
He__managed__to__overhaul__the__leader__on__the__final__lap.
③她轻轻地把熟睡的婴儿放在腿上。
She__gently__placed__the__sleeping__baby__on__her__lap.
探究二 短语
6.first aid 急救(教材P18)
aid其他相关短语： with the aid of ... 在……的帮助下 in aid of ... 为帮助…… come to one's aid 援助某人 aid sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
【语境感知】
①It's important for everyone to learn basic first aid skills, such as how to perform CPR.
对每个人来说，学习基本的急救技能，如心肺复苏术的处理方法，都是非常重要的。
②He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.
借助于自己发现的一种全新的方法，他获得了成功。
③We're collecting money in aid of cancer research.
我们正在筹款资助癌症研究。
④Mrs Coxen was aided in looking after the children by her niece.
科克森夫人的侄女帮助她照看孩子。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①A concert was given in aid of starving children.
②One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
③I waited patiently hoping that someone would aid me in finding (find) my lost bag.
【学会表达】完成句子
④有很多紧急情况需要进行急救处理。
There are many emergencies which/that__need__first__aid__treatment.
探究三 长难句分析
7.Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.(教材P18) 尽管处境艰难，白求恩大夫还是竭尽所能帮助中国人民。
【分析】 whatever引导名词性从句，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语，相当于anything that；还可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。 “疑问词＋ever”引导从句： “疑问词＋ever”可引导名词性从句，在从句中充当成分 “疑问词＋ever”还可以引导让步状语从句，等于“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
【语境感知】
①I'm doing whatever I can do to win.(宾语从句，在从句中作宾语)
我正在尽我所能去赢得比赛。
②Whoever/No matter who you are, you are welcome here and deserve to be treated with kindness and respect.(让步状语从句，在从句中作表语)
无论你是谁，我们都欢迎你来到这里，你应该得到善意和尊重。
③Whoever wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet. (主语从句，在从句中作主语)
无论谁赢得选举，都将面临一项艰巨的任务，即让经济重新站稳脚跟。
④Wherever you choose to live there are always going to be disadvantages.(让步状语从句，在从句中作状语)
无论你选择在什么地方居住，总会有不利之处。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①You can sell these pills to whoever/whomever you like.
②Whatever happens in the future, the sweet memories will never fade away.
③You can ask for help whenever you need it.
【学会表达】完成句子
④为了不浪费我们宝贵的时间，我们会在任何一家有空位的餐厅吃饭。
In order not to waste our precious time, we'll eat at__whichever__restaurant__has__a__free__table．
⑤无论住在什么地方，他总是感到孤独。
No__matter__where/Wherever__he__lives,__he always feels lonely.
探究四 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
动词 ing形式作宾语补足语和状语：动词 ing形式在英语语法中扮演着多重角色，其中作宾语补足语和状语时，各自承载着特定的意义和用法。
语法点1 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语
动词 ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。主要有两种形式，表示主动用doing，被动用being done。它主要用于以下三类词后作宾语补足语。
(1)感官动词：watch, observe, notice, see, hear, listen to, look at, smell, feel等。
①I hear someone talking in the next room.
我听到隔壁有人在谈话。
②We saw the steam rising from the wet clothes.
我们看到湿衣服上有水蒸气冒出来。
(2)使役动词：get, have, make, keep, leave等。
①We kept the fire burning all night long.
我们让火烧了整整一夜。
②I won't have you running about in the room.
我不会让你在房间里跑来跑去。
动词 ing(短语)与省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语的区别：动词 ing(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，属于现场即时描述；省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程，属于回忆性描述。 I saw Linda whispering to Danny. 我看见琳达正在和丹尼说悄悄话。(表示动作正在进行) I saw Linda whisper to Danny. 我看见琳达和丹尼说悄悄话。(表示动作的全过程)
(3)在with或find的复合结构中，可用动词－ing形式作宾语补足语。
①With two children attending middle school in the nearby town now, the parents are working hard.
有两个孩子在附近的小镇上中学，他们的父母正在努力工作。
②When I entered the room, I found him watching TV.
我进屋时看见他正在看电视。
完成句子
①我看到她正在过马路。
I watched__her__crossing the road.
②那时我发现玛丽正在帮助她的教授准备演讲。
I found__Mary__assisting her professor to prepare the speech then.
③吵闹声不断，我无法做作业。
I couldn't do my homework with__all__that__noise__going__on．
④我们看着李津从小长大，所以我们都很了解他。
We have__seen__Li__Jin__grow__up from childhood, so we all know him quite well.
⑤汤姆很懒，我们经常发现他在课堂上睡觉，尤其是在夏天。
Tom was very lazy, and we often caught__him__sleeping in class, especially in summer.
语法点2 动词 ing形式作状语
动词 ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、伴随、条件、让步和方式等。动词－ing形式的逻辑主语应与句中主语一致。
(1)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while等引出。
①While reading (＝While he was reading) the book, he nodded from time to time.
他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
②When walking down (＝When I was walking down) the street, I came across Tom.
沿街走路时，我偶然遇到了汤姆。
(2)作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。
①Respecting his father (＝Because he respected his father), he didn't want to argue with him.
因为尊重他的父亲，所以他不想和父亲争论。
②Not knowing (＝Because I didn't know) his address, I couldn't send this book to him.
因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。
(3)作结果状语，表示意料之中、自然而然的结果。
①He studied hard for months, passing the exam successfully.
他努力学习了几个月，成功地通过了考试。
②Mother drew the curtain for me, blocking out the light.
妈妈为我拉上窗帘，把阳光挡在外面。
(4)作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个较次要的动作。
①They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.
他们在那里站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。
②The tramp stood by the door, not daring to say a word.
那个流浪汉站在门旁，不敢说一句话。
(5)作条件状语，表示条件，位于句子前半部分，可与if, unless等引导的条件状语从句相互转换。
Turning right (＝If you turn right), you will find the circus you want.
向右转，你会找到你想找的马戏团。
(6)作让步状语，通常可转换成带有连词although, even if, even though等引导的让步状语从句。
Living miles away (＝Even though he lived miles away), he attended the course.
虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。
(7)作方式状语，表示动作发生的方式。
Please answer the question using another way.
请用另一种方式回答这个问题。
(1)单句语法填空
①Turning (turn) to the right, you'll find the supermarket at the end of the street.
②The fire lasted nearly two days, leaving (leave) nothing valuable.
③Having__smoked (smoke) too much, he has suffered from lung cancer.
④His wife was seated in the sofa, reading (read) a book.
⑤Having__been__told (tell) many times, he finally understood it.
(2)完成句子
①大雪持续了一个星期，导致整个地区交通混乱。
The snow lasted a week in the whole area, resulting__in__serious__traffic__confusion．
②一旦失去这个机会，你就很难取得进步。
Once__losing__this__chance,__you can't easily make progress.
③如果你努力学习功课，你就一定会成功的。
Working__hard__at__your__lessons,__you are to succeed.
④因没有收到答复，他决定再写一封信。
Not__having__received__an__answer,__he decided to write another letter.
⑤上完网课之后，小明准备去踢足球。
Having__finished__the__online__classes,__Xiao Ming got ready to play football.
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)1.pole (C)2.café (D)3.lap (B)4.waitress (A)5.import A．n. 进口；进口商品 vt. 进口；输入；引进 B．n. (餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者 C．n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 D．n. (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈 E．n. (行星的)极；地极 (E)6.pass away (C)7.first aid (A)8.in memory of (D)9.in operation (B)10.in a whisper A.作为对……的纪念 B.低声地 C.急救 D.工作中；运行中；有效 E.去世
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
2．accident n. 事故；车祸；失事
3．assist vt. 帮助；援助
4．export n. 出口；出口商品 vt. 出口；输出；传播
5．lip n. 嘴唇
6．operation n. 手术；企业；经营
7．chairman n. 主席；主持人；董事长
8．memory n. 记忆力；回忆
9．chain n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
10．bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇 n. 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I spilled my coffee accidentally (accidental), staining my new shirt.
2．I heard her singing (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
3．His father died, leaving (leave) him nothing but some debts.
4．Seeing (see) from the top of the hill, we find the town even more beautiful.
5．I felt someone patting (pat) me on the shoulder just now.
6．The doctors assisted him in the complex operation (operate) to save the patient's life.
7．What you have told left me thinking (think) that you experienced much when you were young.
8．Judging (judge) from this fact, he must be an honest man.
Ⅳ.选词填空
waitress, midnight, export, accident, assist, import, whisper, bite
1．The company increased its production, exporting goods to various countries worldwide.
2．One in eight accidents is caused by sleepy drivers.
3．I was__bitten by a dog once and I've been afraid of them ever since.
4．It was__whispered among the students that the exam would be more difficult than expected.
5．He drives a luxury car, imported from Germany, which turns heads wherever he goes.
6．He pointed at the empty bottle and the waitress quickly replaced it.
7．Despite his cries, no one came to his assistance．
8．In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight．
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．He passed__away (去世) peacefully in his sleep last night, surrounded by his loving family.
2．She__applied__first__aid__to__the__cut (她对伤口进行了紧急处理) on her knee before going to the hospital.
3．She wrote a long poem in__memory__of (作为对……的纪念) those who carried our country through the hardship.
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．她会实现她为自己设定的任何目标。(whatever引导名词性从句)
She__will__achieve__whatever__goals__she__sets__for__herself.
2．我们将帮助您找到居住的地方。(assist sb in doing sth)
We__will__assist__you__in__finding__somewhere__to__live.
3．因为生病，他昨天没去上学。(动词 ing形式作状语)
Being__ill,__he__didn't__go__to__school__yesterday.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ 完形填空
(2024·湖南省沅陵县第一中学高一下期末)One Saturday morning my brother and I went to play tennis near a school building. Actually, we played very well and we were __1__ the ball higher and faster each time.
Suddenly, something __2__ happened—the ball got out of __3__ and went crashing through one of the upstairs windows. We looked around and no one was in __4__．
I asked my brother __5__， “Now what should we do？” “Well，” my brother __6__， “no one will know whose ball it is and no one saw us. Let's go home.” I __7__ after a brief hesitation.
As soon as we arrived home, we told our father what had happened. We thought we were lucky and wise. However, his response was __8__ to our expectation. “Well, I will go to the school janitor (门卫) and see what we need to do.” And then he left immediately.
We were waiting at home, __9__ and uneasy. About an hour later, our father __10__. “Well, I talked to the school janitor and he was __11__ when I told him what had happened. He said many windows had been broken, but we were the first ones to __12__ that we were responsible. He said the school budget __13__ window repair, so we will not have to pay for the window.”
He could see our relief as he continued, “I am proud of your kids for having the __14__ to tell me what happened.”
From this incident, we discovered that admitting our mistakes and taking the __15__ is always the right choice.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和哥哥在学校附近打网球时不小心打碎了窗户，经过思想斗争后最终选择向父亲坦白并承担责任的故事。
1．A.hitting B．catching
C．getting D．throwing
答案：A
解析：hit打；catch抓住；get得到；throw扔。根据前文“One Saturday morning ... a school building.”以及后文“the ball higher and faster each time”可知，作者和哥哥在打网球，所以此处指把球打得更高更快。故选A。
2．A.interesting B．impossible
C．familiar D．unexpected
答案：D
解析：interesting有趣的；impossible不可能的；familiar熟悉的；unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“the ball got ... the upstairs windows”可知，球打碎了楼上的一扇窗户，这件事是出乎意料的。故选D。
3．A.control B．reach
C．power D．order
答案：A
解析：control控制；reach伸手可及的距离；power权力；order秩序。根据后文“went crashing through one of the upstairs windows”可知，球打碎了楼上的一扇窗户，应是失去了控制。故选A。
4．A.place B．sight
C．distance D．position
答案：B
解析：place位置；sight视野；distance距离；position位置。根据后文“no one will know whose ball it is and no one saw us”可知，此处指四周无人，短语in sight意为“看得见”。故选B。
5．A.excitedly B．casually
C．nervously D．patiently
答案：C
解析：excitedly兴奋地；casually随意地；nervously紧张地；patiently耐心地。根据后文“Now what should we do？”并结合上文内容可知，作者和哥哥打碎了学校的窗户，所以感到很紧张。故选C。
6．A.suspected B．responded
C．informed D．indicated
答案：B
解析：suspect怀疑；respond回应；inform通知；indicate表明。根据前文“I asked my brother”可知，作者在问哥哥，所以此处指哥哥对作者的回应。故选B。
7．A.opposed B．doubted
C．ignored D．agreed
答案：D
解析：oppose反对；doubt怀疑；ignore忽视；agree同意。根据后文“after a brief hesitation”和“As soon as ... what had happened.”可知，作者和哥哥到家了，由此可推知，作者同意了哥哥提出的回家的建议。故选D。
8．A.contrary B．similar
C．proper D．beneficial
答案：A
解析：contrary相反的；similar类似的；proper适当的；beneficial有益的。根据前文“We thought we were lucky and wise.”以及“However”表示转折可知，作者和哥哥认为自己既幸运又聪明，但是父亲的反应与他们的预期相反。故选A。
9．A.curious B．desperate
C．upset D．confused
答案：C
解析：curious好奇的；desperate不顾一切的；渴望的；upset不高兴的；confused困惑的。根据后文“and uneasy”可知，设空处和uneasy并列，表示作者和哥哥不安地在家等着。故选C。
10．A.left B．returned
C．began D．continued
答案：B
解析：leave离开；return返回；begin开始；continue继续。根据后文“Well, I talked to the school janitor”可知，后文都是父亲说的话，也就是父亲回来了。故选B。
11．A.delighted B．surprised
C．grateful D．generous
答案：B
解析：delighted高兴的；surprised惊讶的；grateful感激的；generous慷慨的。根据后文“He said many windows ... we were responsible.”可知，很多窗户被打碎了，但是父亲是第一个承认的，这使得门卫很惊讶。故选B。
12．A.admit B．confirm
C．propose D．believe
答案：A
解析：admit承认；confirm确认；propose建议；believe相信。根据前文“when I told him what had happened”可知，父亲告诉了门卫真相，也就是承认是自己的责任。故选A。
13．A.sets down B．puts off
C．takes over D．allows for
答案：D
解析：set down放下；put off推迟；take over接管；allow for将……计算在内。根据后文“so we will not have to pay for the window”可知，学校没有要求父亲赔偿，所以此处指学校的预算将修理窗户的费用计算在内了。故选D。
14．A.confidence B．wisdom
C．courage D．ambition
答案：C
解析：confidence信心；wisdom智慧；courage勇气；ambition野心。根据后文“tell me what happened”可知，作者和哥哥打碎了学校的窗户，要说出实情，是需要勇气的。故选C。
15．A.conditions B．situations
C．circumstances D．consequences
答案：D
解析：condition条件；situation情况；circumstance环境；consequence后果。根据前文“we discovered that admitting our mistakes and taking the”可知，此处指承认错误并承担后果是正确的选择。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·浙江省金华市第一中学高一下期中)People disagree about meaningful and small matters on a daily basis. Sometimes you know if you speak your mind you will upset someone. However, you often must express your opinion even if you know others will disagree. By choosing your words carefully you can avoid a long term offense (冒犯)．
Ask people about their perspective (观点). Before being honest about how you feel, it's important to know their perspective. This gives you a chance to show genuine interest and have a conversation. __1__ They may even end their explanation with a request to hear your perspective.
Put yourself in their shoes. One of the simplest ways to avoid hurting feelings is to imagine how they will respond to your statements. __2__ Practise imagining how they view their own opinion and yours. Just because their perspective is different doesn't mean it's wrong.
__3__ Be careful with your honesty. You want to speak the truth in kindness. That means avoiding obvious negative behaviors such as making a face or making fun of their ideas.
Be polite in your responses. Whenever you try to avoid hurting others it is best to speak with kindness. Simple acts of kindness can make a big difference. They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn't all about you speaking your mind. __4__
Express your perspective as opinion, not fact. This shows you value their perspective, even if you know the facts back you up. If they have an open mind, facts will change their perspective. If they do not have an open mind, facts will feel like personal attacks. __5__ Allow them to discover the truth in their own way, not yours.
A．They have a right to be incorrect.
B．It's about them feeling valued.
C．Control your words and body language.
D．If they said that to you, would you be upset
E．Listening to others' opinion is a very powerful way.
F．Use facts and try to avoid letting your emotions run high.
G．This may also give you opportunities to speak up and be honest.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条在不伤害他人感情的情况下保持诚实的建议。
1．答案：G
解析：根据上文“This gives you ... have a conversation. (这给了你一个表现出真正的兴趣和交谈的机会。)”和下文“They may even ... hear your perspective.(他们甚至可能在解释结束时要求听听你的观点。)”可知，G项(这也给你机会说出自己的想法，做到诚实。)承上启下。故选G。
2．答案：D
解析：根据段落主题句“Put yourself in their shoes.”可知，本段主要讲述要设身处地地为他人着想。D项(如果他们那样对你说，你会生气吗？)符合语境。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：设空处为段落主题句。根据下文内容可知，本段主要讲述了要注意自己的言语和肢体语言。C项(控制你的言语和肢体语言。)概括本段内容。故选C。
4．答案：B
解析：根据上文“They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn't all about you speaking your mind.(它们传达了尊重，并表明你重视对方。这种情况并不只是说出你的想法。)”可知，B项(而是让他们感到被重视。)承接上文，说明这种情况需要的结果。故选B。
5．答案：A
解析：根据上文“If they do not have an open mind, facts will feel like personal attacks.(如果他们没有开放的心态，事实会让人感觉像是人身攻击。)”和下文“Allow them to discover the truth in their own way, not yours.(让他们用自己的方式，而不是你的方式去发现真相。)”可知，A项(他们有权利犯错误。)承上启下。故选A。
Ⅲ 语法填空
(2024·湖南省邵阳市海谊中学高一下月考)Justin, my brother, has been missing for two weeks. I'm __1__ (worry) that something bad has happened to him. I'm sure he __2__ (come) home that night at about 11 o'clock, because I heard him __3__ (play) his favorite CD in his bedroom. But where has he gone
Yesterday a girl named Marvis told me that she was once taken away by aliens from outer space. They did some research __4__ her. Marvis said that the whole experience was really terrible, but __5__ (lucky) they returned her home. If Justin has been taken away by aliens too, I hope they will return him soon.
My __6__ (parent) have been worrying about Justin. Soon after he __7__ (find) missing, they called the police. However, the police are not making much progress in the case. They are very puzzled, __8__ (say) Justin might have been murdered. Dad is very disappointed with them. And Mum is so worried __9__ she can't sleep well. I hope Justin will come home soon and tell us __10__ happened to him. I want all of us to be together again.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的哥哥Justin(贾斯汀)失踪了，作者及父母对哥哥失踪的担忧以及警方调查的进展情况。
1．答案：worried
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用形容词worried作表语，意为“担忧的”。故填worried。
2．答案：came
解析：考查动词的时态。设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语that night at about 11 o'clock可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故填came。
3．答案：playing
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处作宾语补足语，动词play和宾语him之间为主动关系，表示当时正在发生的动作，应用现在分词。故填playing。
4．答案：on
解析：考查介词。do research on为固定短语，意为“做关于……的研究”。故填on。
5．答案：luckily
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用副词luckily修饰整个句子，作状语。故填luckily。
6．答案：parents
解析：考查名词。根据设空后的谓语have been worrying可知，设空处应用可数名词parent的复数。故填parents。
7．答案：was found
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作after引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句中的called可知，从句时态应用一般过去时；主语he为单数，和动词find之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，助动词应用was。故填was found。
8．答案：saying
解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词are，设空处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词say与其逻辑主语they之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填saying。
9．答案：that
解析：考查状语从句的连接词。so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
10．答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句的连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·贵州省毕节市高一下期末)Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
“Why are you in such a hurry, early bird？” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum，” Peter said. “Mr White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I've been studying the word list since last week. Although the test is difficult, I am well prepared for it.”
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility，” Mr White started. Peter wrote the word on his test paper quickly and confidently.
“The second word: contribution，” Mr White said.
“So easy，” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down.Thirty minutes later, the test papers were collected by Mr White. “I'm going to mark your papers，” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test！”
Mr White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter got an English Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he waved it highly. “This is my happiest moment，” Peter shouted.
After Mr White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his performance. All of a sudden, the word “contribution” confused him. It didn't seem right. Peter began to check the word. “C o n t r i b u s i o n，” he whispered. It was wrong. “What should I do？” Peter asked himself, staring at the red full marks.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Peter was lost in thought. A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news.
5R解读故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
Peter,__Mum, Dad, Mr__White,__David, Mary
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
Peter spelled a word wrong but Mr White didn't__find__the__mistake．
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
Peter was confident about the test and during the test he was sure that he would get a good score. When Mr White announced the results, Peter was one of three people who got a prize. After Mr White gave the test paper back, Peter found a mistake in the test paper and he was lost in thought.
5．Read for theme (主题)
Honesty is the most important quality.
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
Laughter__lingering__around__the__classroom,__Peter__set__an__example__to__other__students__that__honesty__is__the__best__policy.
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
Being__praised__for__honesty__in__front__of__the__class,__Peter__was__very__delighted__and__decided__to__get__full__marks__in__the__next__test.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
Peter was hesitant to return the beloved prize.
第二段：
Peter was__praised for his honesty.
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
“Should I return the dictionary If so, I would lose what I have expected for a long time. But, if not, I can't persuade myself to pretend to be as calm as nothing happened.” Suddenly Mum's words flew into his mind: “We ought to be honest．” Without any hesitation,__holding the dictionary and the test paper in hand, Peter approached to Mr White quickly.
第二段：
He would be given the title An Honest Boy by the school the next day. Hearing the news, as excited as Peter, Mum kissed Peter on the cheek, saying, “I feel so proud of you for your good__virtue,__honey.” At school, Mr White handed the dictionary to Peter once again, saying it was not for his score but for his good__quality．
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Peter (彼得)为了得到老师的奖品，精心为英语拼写测试做准备，测试完以后，Peter因得了100分而获得了奖品——他最喜欢的英汉词典，可是试卷发下来时，Peter发现老师误判了。Peter会如何处理这件事呢？Peter要告诉妈妈的好消息是什么呢？
[精彩范文]
Peter was lost in thought. “Should I return the dictionary If so, I would lose what I have expected for a long time. But, if not, I can't persuade myself to pretend to be as calm as nothing happened.” Suddenly Mum's words flew into his mind: “We ought to be honest.” Without any hesitation, holding the dictionary and the test paper in hand, Peter approached to Mr White quickly. Being praised for honesty in front of the class, Peter was very delighted and decided to get full marks in the next test.
A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news. He would be given the title An Honest Boy by the school the next day. Hearing the news, as excited as Peter, Mum kissed Peter on the cheek, saying, “I feel so proud of you for your good virtue, honey.” At school, Mr White handed the dictionary to Peter once again, saying it was not for his score but for his good quality. Laughter lingering around the classroom, Peter set an example to other students that honesty is the best policy.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1. 2. 3.
23(共90张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
单元主题：人与自我——道德与美德
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．midnight n. ______________
2．pole n. ___________________
3．lip n. _________
4．chairman n. _____________________
5．memory n. ________________
6．café n. ________________
7．waitress n. ___________________________
8．pregnant adj. ________________
子夜；午夜
(行星的)极；地极
嘴唇
主席；主持人；董事长
记忆力；回忆
咖啡馆；小餐馆
(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者
怀孕的；妊娠的
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．________ n. 手术；企业；经营
2．________ vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
3．________ n. 进口；进口商品 vt. 进口；输入；引进
4．________ n. 出口；出口商品 vt. 出口；输出；传播
5．________ vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇 n. 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
6．________ vt. 帮助；援助
7．________ n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
operation
whisper
import
export
bite
assist
chain
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
________ n. 事故；车祸；失事→_________ adj. 意外的；偶然的→__________ adv. 意外地；偶然地
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
lap 熟义：n. _____________________________________
生义：v. 拍打；(赛跑中)领先；(动物)舐，舔
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．___________ 急救
2．___________ 去世
3．________________ 作为对……的纪念
accident
accidental
accidentally
(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
first aid
pass away
in memory of
自主学习 课时语法
观察下列句子并写出黑体部分的功能
1．Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help？________________
2．He found his wife concentrating on the reading of a fashion magazine. ________________
3．Going straight down the road, you will find the store.________________
4．The sun set, painting the sky with beautiful colors.________________
5．Can you smell something burning in the kitchen ________________
6．Working hard as he did, he was still unable to earn enough money to buy a car.________________
宾语补足语
宾语补足语
条件状语
结果状语
宾语补足语
让步状语
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 热词
（一）高频词
operate v. 动手术；操作；经营
have/do/perform an operation (on sb) (给某人)做手术
in operation 工作中；运行中；有效
come into operation 开始工作；开始生效
put sth into operation 实施；使……运转；启用
operate on/upon ... 对……动手术
1.operation n. 手术；企业；经营(教材P18)
【语境感知】
①He had an operation on his heart a few years ago and is doing well now.
他几年前做过心脏手术，现在恢复得很好。
②The system needs to be in operation for six months before it can be assessed.
该系统需要运行六个月才能进行评估。
③The high speed railway connecting two major cities has been put into operation, greatly reducing travel time.
连接两个主要城市的高速铁路已经开始运行，大大缩短了旅行时间。
④The surgeon who operated on the king released the details of his injuries.
为国王做手术的外科医生公布了其伤势的详情。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We expect the new rules to come ________ operation early.
②He wasn't willing to get a young doctor to operate ________ her.
【学会表达】完成句子
③据说该公司自1996年开始运营。
It's said the company ____________________________．
④如果医生早些给他做手术，他就不会死。
If the doctor ____________________________________________， he wouldn't have died.
into
on
has been in operation since 1996
had performed/had/done an operation on him earlier
whisper (sth) to sb 对某人耳语(某事)
It is/was whispered that ... 有人私下说……
in a whisper/whispers 低声地
2.whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语
n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传(教材P18)
【语境感知】
①James leaned over to whisper something to Michael.
詹姆斯俯身向迈克尔低声说了些什么。
②It was whispered that he would soon die and he did.
有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。
③He asks, almost in a whisper, “Are you OK？”
他低声问道：“你还好吗？”
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He drew me aside and told me the news ________ a whisper.
②It is whispered ________ he is heavily in debt.
③She whispered ________ her husband for fear of being heard.
【学会表达】完成句子
④当我看到他们在窃窃私语时，我就知道有怪事发生。
______________________________________， I knew there was something strange going on.
in
that
to
When I saw them whispering to each other
assistance n. 帮助；援助
assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb in/with sth 帮助某人某事
with the assistance of sb/sth 在某人/某物的帮助下
be of assistance 有用，有帮助
3.assist vt. 帮助；援助(教材P18)
【语境感知】
①I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.
饭后，我总是帮助我的父母洗碗。
②Could you please assist me with this report
你能帮我完成这份报告吗？
③The patient was able to walk again with the assistance of a walker.
在助行器的帮助下，病人又能走路了。
④Her language skills were of great assistance during our trip to Spain.
在我们去西班牙的旅行中，她的语言能力有很大帮助。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We are in need of someone to assist us ________ the data entry process.
②I come here at the request of Jack to assist him in ________ (find) somewhere to live.
【学会表达】完成句子
③一组护士协助医生为盲人做手术。
A team of nurses ____________________________________________ on the blind man.
④他一直在志愿者的帮助下经营着这家商店。
He has been operating the shop __________________________________．
with/in
finding
assisted the doctor to have/in having the operation
with the assistance of volunteers
【语境感知】
I accidentally dropped my phone on the floor, causing an accidental accident.
我不小心把手机掉在地上，造成了意外事故。
4.accident n. 事故；车祸；失事→______________ adj. 意外的；偶然的→________________ adv. 意外地；偶然地
（二）拓展词
accidental
accidentally
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The painting fell off the wall, leaving an _____________ (accident) stain on the carpet.
【学会表达】翻译句子
②今天早上在繁忙的高速公路上发生了一起车祸。
_____________________________________________________
accidental
A car accident occurred on the busy highway this morning.
【语感知】
①He leaned back in his chair, resting his book on the lap to take a short break.
他向后靠在椅子上，把书放在腿上休息了一会儿。
②The runner completed the first lap in record time.
这位选手以破纪录的时间完成了第一圈。
③They are waves lapping on the shore, gentle winds, and light rainfall.
它们是拍岸的海浪、微风和小雨。
④The little puppy eagerly lapped up the milk from its bowl.
小狗急切地舔食碗里的牛奶。
5.lap [熟义] n. (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
[生义] v. _________________________________________
（三）熟词生义
拍打；(赛跑中)领先；(动物)舐，舔
【学会理解】同义词替换
①The child happily lapped the spoon clean after finishing his ice cream. ________________
【学会表达】翻译句子
②他在最后一圈设法超过了领先的人。
_______________________________________________
③她轻轻地把熟睡的婴儿放在腿上。
________________________________________________
licked 舔
He managed to overhaul the leader on the final lap.
She gently placed the sleeping baby on her lap.
探究二 短语
aid其他相关短语：
with the aid of ... 在……的帮助下
in aid of ... 为帮助……
come to one's aid 援助某人
aid sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
6.first aid 急救(教材P18)
【语境感知】
①It's important for everyone to learn basic first aid skills, such as how to perform CPR.
对每个人来说，学习基本的急救技能，如心肺复苏术的处理方法，都是非常重要的。
②He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.
借助于自己发现的一种全新的方法，他获得了成功。
③We're collecting money in aid of cancer research.
我们正在筹款资助癌症研究。
④Mrs Coxen was aided in looking after the children by her niece.
科克森夫人的侄女帮助她照看孩子。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①A concert was given ________ aid of starving children.
②One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came ________ his aid.
③I waited patiently hoping that someone would aid me in ________ (find) my lost bag.
【学会表达】完成句子
④有很多紧急情况需要进行急救处理。
There are many emergencies ___________________________________.
in
to
finding
which/that need first aid treatment
【分析】 whatever引导名词性从句，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语，相当于anything that；还可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。
“疑问词＋ever”引导从句：
“疑问词＋ever”可引导名词性从句，在从句中充当成分
“疑问词＋ever”还可以引导让步状语从句，等于“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
7.Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.(教材P18)
尽管处境艰难，白求恩大夫还是竭尽所能帮助中国人民。
探究三 长难句分析
【语境感知】
①I'm doing whatever I can do to win.(宾语从句，在从句中作宾语)
我正在尽我所能去赢得比赛。
②Whoever/No matter who you are, you are welcome here and deserve to be treated with kindness and respect.(让步状语从句，在从句中作表语)
无论你是谁，我们都欢迎你来到这里，你应该得到善意和尊重。
③Whoever wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet. (主语从句，在从句中作主语)
无论谁赢得选举，都将面临一项艰巨的任务，即让经济重新站稳脚跟。
④Wherever you choose to live there are always going to be disadvantages.(让步状语从句，在从句中作状语)
无论你选择在什么地方居住，总会有不利之处。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①You can sell these pills to ___________________ you like.
②___________ happens in the future, the sweet memories will never fade away.
③You can ask for help ___________ you need it.
【学会表达】完成句子
④为了不浪费我们宝贵的时间，我们会在任何一家有空位的餐厅吃饭。
In order not to waste our precious time, we'll eat ___________________________ ________________．
⑤无论住在什么地方，他总是感到孤独。
________________________________， he always feels lonely.
whoever/whomever
Whatever
whenever
at whichever restaurant has a free table
No matter where/Wherever he lives
探究四 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
动词 ing形式作宾语补足语和状语：动词 ing形式在英语语法中扮演着多重角色，其中作宾语补足语和状语时，各自承载着特定的意义和用法。
动词 ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。主要有两种形式，表示主动用doing，被动用being done。它主要用于以下三类词后作宾语补足语。
(1)感官动词：watch, observe, notice, see, hear, listen to, look at, smell, feel等。
①I hear someone talking in the next room.
我听到隔壁有人在谈话。
语法点1 动词 ing形式作宾语补足语
②We saw the steam rising from the wet clothes.
我们看到湿衣服上有水蒸气冒出来。
(2)使役动词：get, have, make, keep, leave等。
①We kept the fire burning all night long.
我们让火烧了整整一夜。
②I won't have you running about in the room.
我不会让你在房间里跑来跑去。
动词 ing(短语)与省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语的区别：动词 ing(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，属于现场即时描述；省略to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程，属于回忆性描述。
I saw Linda whispering to Danny.
我看见琳达正在和丹尼说悄悄话。(表示动作正在进行)
I saw Linda whisper to Danny.
我看见琳达和丹尼说悄悄话。(表示动作的全过程)
(3)在with或find的复合结构中，可用动词－ing形式作宾语补足语。
①With two children attending middle school in the nearby town now, the parents are working hard.
有两个孩子在附近的小镇上中学，他们的父母正在努力工作。
②When I entered the room, I found him watching TV.
我进屋时看见他正在看电视。
完成句子
①我看到她正在过马路。
I ___________________ the road.
②那时我发现玛丽正在帮助她的教授准备演讲。
I ____________________ her professor to prepare the speech then.
③吵闹声不断，我无法做作业。
I couldn't do my homework __________________________．
④我们看着李津从小长大，所以我们都很了解他。
We ________________________ from childhood, so we all know him quite well.
⑤汤姆很懒，我们经常发现他在课堂上睡觉，尤其是在夏天。
Tom was very lazy, and we often ________________ in class, especially in summer.
watched her crossing
found Mary assisting
with all that noise going on
have seen Li Jin grow up
caught him sleeping
语法点2 动词 ing形式作状语
动词 ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、伴随、条件、让步和方式等。动词－ing形式的逻辑主语应与句中主语一致。
(1)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while等引出。
①While reading (＝While he was reading) the book, he nodded from time to time.
他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
②When walking down (＝When I was walking down) the street, I came across Tom.
沿街走路时，我偶然遇到了汤姆。
(2)作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。
①Respecting his father (＝Because he respected his father), he didn't want to argue with him.
因为尊重他的父亲，所以他不想和父亲争论。
②Not knowing (＝Because I didn't know) his address, I couldn't send this book to him.
因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。
(3)作结果状语，表示意料之中、自然而然的结果。
①He studied hard for months, passing the exam successfully.
他努力学习了几个月，成功地通过了考试。
②Mother drew the curtain for me, blocking out the light.
妈妈为我拉上窗帘，把阳光挡在外面。
(4)作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个较次要的动作。
①They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.
他们在那里站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。
②The tramp stood by the door, not daring to say a word.
那个流浪汉站在门旁，不敢说一句话。
(5)作条件状语，表示条件，位于句子前半部分，可与if, unless等引导的条件状语从句相互转换。
Turning right (＝If you turn right), you will find the circus you want.
向右转，你会找到你想找的马戏团。
(6)作让步状语，通常可转换成带有连词although, even if, even though等引导的让步状语从句。
Living miles away (＝Even though he lived miles away), he attended the course.
虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。
(7)作方式状语，表示动作发生的方式。
Please answer the question using another way.
请用另一种方式回答这个问题。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ (turn) to the right, you'll find the supermarket at the end of the street.
②The fire lasted nearly two days, ________ (leave) nothing valuable.
③_________________ (smoke) too much, he has suffered from lung cancer.
④His wife was seated in the sofa, ________ (read) a book.
⑤__________________ (tell) many times, he finally understood it.
Turning
leaving
Having smoked
reading
Having been told
(2)完成句子
①大雪持续了一个星期，导致整个地区交通混乱。
The snow lasted a week in the whole area, ______________________________．
②一旦失去这个机会，你就很难取得进步。
____________________， you can't easily make progress.
③如果你努力学习功课，你就一定会成功的。
________________________， you are to succeed.
④因没有收到答复，他决定再写一封信。
____________________________， he decided to write another letter.
⑤上完网课之后，小明准备去踢足球。
______________________________， Xiao Ming got ready to play football.
resulting in serious traffic confusion
Once losing this chance
Working hard at your lessons
Not having received an answer
Having finished the online classes
对点练习 巩固所学
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义
( )1.pole ( )2.café ( )3.lap ( )4.waitress ( )5.import A．n. 进口；进口商品 vt. 进口；输入；引进 B．n. (餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者 C．n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 D．n. (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈 E．n. (行星的)极；地极 ( )6.pass away ( )7.first aid ( )8.in memory of ( )9.in operation ( )10.in a whisper
A.作为对……的纪念
B.低声地
C.急救
D.工作中；运行中；有效
E.去世
Ⅰ.匹配词义
E
C
D
B
A
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．_______ vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
2．________ n. 事故；车祸；失事
3．________ vt. 帮助；援助
4．________ n. 出口；出口商品 vt. 出口；输出；传播
5．_____ n. 嘴唇
6．________ n. 手术；企业；经营
7．________ n. 主席；主持人；董事长
8．________ n. 记忆力；回忆
9．_______n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
10．______ vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇 n. 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
whisper
accident
assist
export
lip
operation
chairman
memory
chain
bite
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I spilled my coffee ______________ (accidental), staining my new shirt.
2．I heard her __________ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
3．His father died, ________ (leave) him nothing but some debts.
4．________ (see) from the top of the hill, we find the town even more beautiful.
5．I felt someone ________ (pat) me on the shoulder just now.
accidentally
singing
leaving
Seeing
patting
6．The doctors assisted him in the complex ________ (operate) to save the patient's life.
7．What you have told left me _________ (think) that you experienced much when you were young.
8．__________ (judge) from this fact, he must be an honest man.
operation
thinking
Judging
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．The company increased its production, __________ goods to various countries worldwide.
2．One in eight ___________ is caused by sleepy drivers.
3．I ___________ by a dog once and I've been afraid of them ever since.
4．It _______________ among the students that the exam would be more difficult than expected.
exporting
waitress, midnight, export, accident, assist, import, whisper, bite
accidents
was bitten
was whispered
5．He drives a luxury car, __________ from Germany, which turns heads wherever he goes.
6．He pointed at the empty bottle and the _________ quickly replaced it.
7．Despite his cries, no one came to his ___________．
8．In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until ___________．
imported
waitress
assistance
midnight
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．He ____________ (去世) peacefully in his sleep last night, surrounded by his loving family.
2．____________________________ (她对伤口进行了紧急处理) on her knee before going to the hospital.
3．She wrote a long poem _____________ (作为对……的纪念) those who carried our country through the hardship.
passed away
She applied first aid to the cut
in memory of
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．她会实现她为自己设定的任何目标。(whatever引导名词性从句)
_______________________________________________
2．我们将帮助您找到居住的地方。(assist sb in doing sth)
_________________________________________________
3．因为生病，他昨天没去上学。(动词 ing形式作状语)
_______________________________________
She will achieve whatever goals she sets for herself.
We will assist you in finding somewhere to live.
Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ 完形填空
(2024·湖南省沅陵县第一中学高一下期末)One Saturday morning my brother and I went to play tennis near a school building. Actually, we played very well and we were __1__ the ball higher and faster each time.
Suddenly, something __2__ happened—the ball got out of __3__ and went crashing through one of the upstairs windows. We looked around and no one was in __4__．
I asked my brother __5__， “Now what should we do？” “Well，” my brother __6__， “no one will know whose ball it is and no one saw us. Let's go home.” I __7__ after a brief hesitation.
As soon as we arrived home, we told our father what had happened. We thought we were lucky and wise. However, his response was __8__ to our expectation. “Well, I will go to the school janitor (门卫) and see what we need to do.” And then he left immediately.
We were waiting at home, __9__ and uneasy. About an hour later, our father __10__. “Well, I talked to the school janitor and he was __11__ when I told him what had happened. He said many windows had been broken, but we were the first ones to __12__ that we were responsible. He said the school budget __13__ window repair, so we will not have to pay for the window.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和哥哥在学校附近打网球时不小心打碎了窗户，经过思想斗争后最终选择向父亲坦白并承担责任的故事。
He could see our relief as he continued, “I am proud of your kids for having the __14__ to tell me what happened.”
From this incident, we discovered that admitting our mistakes and taking the __15__ is always the right choice.
1．A.hitting B．catching
C．getting D．throwing
2．A.interesting B．impossible
C．familiar D．unexpected
解析：hit打；catch抓住；get得到；throw扔。根据前文“One Saturday morning ... a school building.”以及后文“the ball higher and faster each time”可知，作者和哥哥在打网球，所以此处指把球打得更高更快。故选A。
解析：interesting有趣的；impossible不可能的；familiar熟悉的；unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“the ball got ... the upstairs windows”可知，球打碎了楼上的一扇窗户，这件事是出乎意料的。故选D。
3．A.control B．reach
C．power D．order
4．A.place B．sight
C．distance D．position
解析：control控制；reach伸手可及的距离；power权力；order秩序。根据后文“went crashing through one of the upstairs windows”可知，球打碎了楼上的一扇窗户，应是失去了控制。故选A。
解析：place位置；sight视野；distance距离；position位置。根据后文“no one will know whose ball it is and no one saw us”可知，此处指四周无人，短语in sight意为“看得见”。故选B。
5．A.excitedly B．casually
C．nervously D．patiently
6．A.suspected B．responded
C．informed D．indicated
解析：excitedly兴奋地；casually随意地；nervously紧张地；patiently耐心地。根据后文“Now what should we do？”并结合上文内容可知，作者和哥哥打碎了学校的窗户，所以感到很紧张。故选C。
解析：suspect怀疑；respond回应；inform通知；indicate表明。根据前文“I asked my brother”可知，作者在问哥哥，所以此处指哥哥对作者的回应。故选B。
7．A.opposed B．doubted
C．ignored D．agreed
8．A.contrary B．similar
C．proper D．beneficial
解析：oppose反对；doubt怀疑；ignore忽视；agree同意。根据后文“after a brief hesitation”和“As soon as ... what had happened.”可知，作者和哥哥到家了，由此可推知，作者同意了哥哥提出的回家的建议。故选D。
解析：contrary相反的；similar类似的；proper适当的；beneficial有益的。根据前文“We thought we were lucky and wise.”以及“However”表示转折可知，作者和哥哥认为自己既幸运又聪明，但是父亲的反应与他们的预期相反。故选A。
9．A.curious B．desperate
C．upset D．confused
10．A.left B．returned
C．began D．continued
解析：curious好奇的；desperate不顾一切的；渴望的；upset不高兴的；confused困惑的。根据后文“and uneasy”可知，设空处和uneasy并列，表示作者和哥哥不安地在家等着。故选C。
解析：leave离开；return返回；begin开始；continue继续。根据后文“Well, I talked to the school janitor”可知，后文都是父亲说的话，也就是父亲回来了。故选B。
11．A.delighted B．surprised
C．grateful D．generous
12．A.admit B．confirm
C．propose D．believe
解析：delighted高兴的；surprised惊讶的；grateful感激的；generous慷慨的。根据后文“He said many windows ... we were responsible.”可知，很多窗户被打碎了，但是父亲是第一个承认的，这使得门卫很惊讶。故选B。
解析：admit承认；confirm确认；propose建议；believe相信。根据前文“when I told him what had happened”可知，父亲告诉了门卫真相，也就是承认是自己的责任。故选A。
13．A.sets down B．puts off
C．takes over D．allows for
14．A.confidence B．wisdom
C．courage D．ambition
解析：set down放下；put off推迟；take over接管；allow for将……计算在内。根据后文“so we will not have to pay for the window”可知，学校没有要求父亲赔偿，所以此处指学校的预算将修理窗户的费用计算在内了。故选D。
解析：confidence信心；wisdom智慧；courage勇气；ambition野心。根据后文“tell me what happened”可知，作者和哥哥打碎了学校的窗户，要说出实情，是需要勇气的。故选C。
15．A.conditions B．situations
C．circumstances D．consequences
解析：condition条件；situation情况；circumstance环境；consequence后果。根据前文“we discovered that admitting our mistakes and taking the”可知，此处指承认错误并承担后果是正确的选择。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·浙江省金华市第一中学高一下期中)People disagree about meaningful and small matters on a daily basis. Sometimes you know if you speak your mind you will upset someone. However, you often must express your opinion even if you know others will disagree. By choosing your words carefully you can avoid a long term offense (冒犯)．
Ask people about their perspective (观点). Before being honest about how you feel, it's important to know their perspective. This gives you a chance to show genuine interest and have a conversation. __1__ They may even end their explanation with a request to hear your perspective.
Put yourself in their shoes. One of the simplest ways to avoid hurting feelings is to imagine how they will respond to your statements. __2__ Practise imagining how they view their own opinion and yours. Just because their perspective is different doesn't mean it's wrong.
__3__ Be careful with your honesty. You want to speak the truth in kindness. That means avoiding obvious negative behaviors such as making a face or making fun of their ideas.
Be polite in your responses. Whenever you try to avoid hurting others it is best to speak with kindness. Simple acts of kindness can make a big difference. They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn't all about you speaking your mind. __4__
Express your perspective as opinion, not fact. This shows you value their perspective, even if you know the facts back you up. If they have an open mind, facts will change their perspective. If they do not have an open mind, facts will feel like personal attacks. __5__ Allow them to discover the truth in their own way, not yours.
A．They have a right to be incorrect.
B．It's about them feeling valued.
C．Control your words and body language.
D．If they said that to you, would you be upset
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条在不伤害他人感情的情况下保持诚实的建议。
E．Listening to others' opinion is a very powerful way.
F．Use facts and try to avoid letting your emotions run high.
G．This may also give you opportunities to speak up and be honest.
1．答案：G
2．答案：D
解析：根据上文“This gives you ... have a conversation. (这给了你一个表现出真正的兴趣和交谈的机会。)”和下文“They may even ... hear your perspective.(他们甚至可能在解释结束时要求听听你的观点。)”可知，G项(这也给你机会说出自己的想法，做到诚实。)承上启下。故选G。
解析：根据段落主题句“Put yourself in their shoes.”可知，本段主要讲述要设身处地地为他人着想。D项(如果他们那样对你说，你会生气吗？)符合语境。故选D。
3．答案：C
4．答案：B
解析：设空处为段落主题句。根据下文内容可知，本段主要讲述了要注意自己的言语和肢体语言。C项(控制你的言语和肢体语言。)概括本段内容。故选C。
解析：根据上文“They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn't all about you speaking your mind.(它们传达了尊重，并表明你重视对方。这种情况并不只是说出你的想法。)”可知，B项(而是让他们感到被重视。)承接上文，说明这种情况需要的结果。故选B。
解析：根据上文“If they do not have an open mind, facts will feel like personal attacks.(如果他们没有开放的心态，事实会让人感觉像是人身攻击。)”和下文“Allow them to discover the truth in their own way, not yours.(让他们用自己的方式，而不是你的方式去发现真相。)”可知，A项(他们有权利犯错误。)承上启下。故选A。
5．答案：A
Ⅲ 语法填空
(2024·湖南省邵阳市海谊中学高一下月考)Justin, my brother, has been missing for two weeks. I'm __1__ (worry) that something bad has happened to him. I'm sure he __2__ (come) home that night at about 11 o'clock, because I heard him __3__ (play) his favorite CD in his bedroom. But where has he gone
Yesterday a girl named Marvis told me that she was once taken away by aliens from outer space. They did some research __4__ her. Marvis said that the whole experience was really terrible, but __5__ (lucky) they returned her home. If Justin has been taken away by aliens too, I hope they will return him soon.
My __6__ (parent) have been worrying about Justin. Soon after he __7__ (find) missing, they called the police. However, the police are not making much progress in the case. They are very puzzled, __8__ (say) Justin might have been murdered. Dad is very disappointed with them. And Mum is so worried __9__ she can't sleep well. I hope Justin will come home soon and tell us __10__ happened to him. I want all of us to be together again.
1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________
6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的哥哥Justin(贾斯汀)失踪了，作者及父母对哥哥失踪的担忧以及警方调查的进展情况。
1．答案：worried
2．答案：came
3．答案：playing
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用形容词worried作表语，意为“担忧的”。故填worried。
解析：考查动词的时态。设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语that night at about 11 o'clock可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故填came。
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处作宾语补足语，动词play和宾语him之间为主动关系，表示当时正在发生的动作，应用现在分词。故填playing。
4．答案：on
5．答案：luckily
6．答案：parents
解析：考查介词。do research on为固定短语，意为“做关于……的研究”。故填on。
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用副词luckily修饰整个句子，作状语。故填luckily。
解析：考查名词。根据设空后的谓语have been worrying可知，设空处应用可数名词parent的复数。故填parents。
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作after引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句中的called可知，从句时态应用一般过去时；主语he为单数，和动词find之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，助动词应用was。故填was found。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词are，设空处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词say与其逻辑主语they之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填saying。
7．答案：was found
8．答案：saying
9．答案：that
10．答案：what
解析：考查状语从句的连接词。so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
解析：考查宾语从句的连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·贵州省毕节市高一下期末)Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
“Why are you in such a hurry, early bird？” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum，” Peter said. “Mr White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I've been studying the word list since last week. Although the test is difficult, I am well prepared for it.”
读后续写
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility，” Mr White started. Peter wrote the word on his test paper quickly and confidently.
“The second word: contribution，” Mr White said.
“So easy，” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down.Thirty minutes later, the test papers were collected by Mr White. “I'm going to mark your papers，” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test！”
Mr White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter got an English Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he waved it highly. “This is my happiest moment，” Peter shouted.
After Mr White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his performance. All of a sudden, the word “contribution” confused him. It didn't seem right. Peter began to check the word. “C o n t r i b u s i o n，” he whispered. It was wrong. “What should I do？” Peter asked himself, staring at the red full marks.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Peter was lost in thought. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
5R解读故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
________， Mum, Dad, ____________， David, Mary
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
Peter spelled a word wrong but Mr White ________________________．
Peter
Mr White
didn't find the mistake
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
Peter was ____________ about the test and during the test he was ________ that he would get a good score. When Mr White announced the results, Peter was one of three people who got a prize. After Mr White gave the test paper back, Peter found a mistake in the test paper and he was lost in thought.
5．Read for theme (主题)
__________ is the most important quality.
confident
sure
Honesty
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Laughter lingering around the classroom, Peter set an example to other students that honesty is the best policy.
Being praised for honesty in front of the class, Peter was very delighted and decided to get full marks in the next test.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
Peter was ___________ to return the beloved prize.
第二段：
Peter ____________ for his honesty.
hesitant
was praised
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
“Should I return the dictionary If so, I would lose what I have expected for a long time. But, if not, I can't persuade myself to pretend to be as ________ as nothing happened.” Suddenly Mum's words flew into his mind: “We ought to be ________．” Without any _____________， holding the dictionary and the test paper in hand, Peter approached to Mr White quickly.
calm
honest
hesitation
第二段：
He would be given the title An Honest Boy by the school the next day. Hearing the news, as ________ as Peter, Mum kissed Peter on the cheek, saying, “I feel so proud of you for your ____________， honey.” At school, Mr White handed the dictionary to Peter once again, saying it was not for his score but for his ____________．
excited
good virtue
good quality
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Peter (彼得)为了得到老师的奖品，精心为英语拼写测试做准备，测试完以后，Peter因得了100分而获得了奖品——他最喜欢的英汉词典，可是试卷发下来时，Peter发现老师误判了。Peter会如何处理这件事呢？Peter要告诉妈妈的好消息是什么呢？
[精彩范文]
Peter was lost in thought. “Should I return the dictionary If so, I would lose what I have expected for a long time. But, if not, I can't persuade myself to pretend to be as calm as nothing happened.” Suddenly Mum's words flew into his mind: “We ought to be honest.” Without any hesitation, holding the dictionary and the test paper in hand, Peter approached to Mr White quickly. Being praised for honesty in front of the class, Peter was very delighted and decided to get full marks in the next test.
A month later, Peter happily told his mother a piece of good news. He would be given the title An Honest Boy by the school the next day. Hearing the news, as excited as Peter, Mum kissed Peter on the cheek, saying, “I feel so proud of you for your good virtue, honey.” At school, Mr White handed the dictionary to Peter once again, saying it was not for his score but for his good quality. Laughter lingering around the classroom, Peter set an example to other students that honesty is the best policy.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1.
2.
3.
