Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking 课件（共157张）+讲义

英语　必修 第三册 RJ
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．tuition n. (小组)教学；讲课
2．fee n. 专业服务费；报酬
3．tuition fees 学费
4．response n. 反应；回答；回复
5．union n. 协会；联合会；工会
6．scholarship n. 奖学金
7．physician n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生
8．resident physician 住院医师
9．colleague n. 同事；同僚
10．clinic n. 诊所；门诊部
11．faraway adj. 遥远的
12．election n. 选举；推选；当选
13．decade n. 十年；十年期
14．elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处
15．kindergarten n. 学前班；幼儿园
16．principle n. 道德原则；法则；原则
17．passive adj. 被动的；顺从的
18．scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
19．insurance n. 保险；保险业
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
2．entrust vt. 委托；交付
3．majority n. 大部分；大多数
4．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
5．respond vt. 回答；回复　vi. 做出反应；回应
6．hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用　n. 租借；租用
7．appoint vt. 任命；委派
8．elect vt. 选举；推选
9．tend vt. 照顾；照料　vi. 倾向；趋于
10．staff n. 员工；全体职员
11．saving n. 节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款
12．scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕　vi. 受惊吓
13．replace vt. 接替；取代；更换
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．illustrate vt. (举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→illustration n. 插图；图解→illustrator n. 插图画家
2．marriage n. 结婚；婚姻→marry v. (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶→married adj. 已婚的
3．reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决
4．publish vt. 发表(作品)；出版→publisher n. 出版人；发行人→publication n. 出版；发表；出版物
5．retire vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出→retirement n. 退休；退职；退休生活→retired adj. 已退休的→retiring adj. 不爱与人交往的；不合群的
6．energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的→energy n. 精力；活力
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
sharp 熟义：adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
生义：adj. (衣服或衣着风格)时髦的；浓烈的；敏锐的　adv. (用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．carry__sb__through__sth 帮助某人渡过难关
2．tend__to__do__sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
课文三维剖析
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
万婴之母
“Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and1if2 they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying3 I'm cold, hungry, or tired？” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what4 carried her through a life of hard choices. 1连接两个并列句 2引导条件状语从句 3现在分词作伴随状语 4引导宾语从句
“生命是宝贵的。……对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，如果人们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说自己冷、自己饿、自己困，而拒绝这份信任呢？”林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
As a five year old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death. At age 18, instead of following5 the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to work and study. “Why should girls learn so much Finding a good husband6 should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees7. She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study8 all my life！” Later, she went on to study medicine as she had wished. 5介词短语作方式状语 6动名词短语作主语 7现在分词短语作伴随状语 8不定式作目的状语
林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了工作和学习。“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”之后，她如愿以偿地继续学医。
In 1929, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates9. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired10 as a resident physician in the OB GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician11, a position12 that13 usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years14, she was sent to study15 in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues, who16 invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve17 the women and children at home. 1929年，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后，她被派往欧洲学习，之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳，邀请她留下。但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。 In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed18 director of the OB GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of19 all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients20 and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care21. 1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴到偏远的村庄给人看病。 9the highest prize是the Wenhai Scholarship的同位语；其中过去分词短语given to graduates作the highest prize的后置定语 10不定式短语作the first woman的后置定语 11名词短语作主补。name sb a chief resident physician中，名词短语作宾补 12 a position是a chief resident physician的同位语 13引导定语从句 14介词短语作时间状语 15不定式作主补。send sb to do sth中，不定式作宾补 16引导非限制性定语从句 17不定式作宾语
The new People's Republic of China saw22 Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role23. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions.Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors24. “The OB GYN department cares for two lives，” she told new staff in her department. “As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.” 18不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first Chinese woman 19现在分词短语作原因状语 20不定式短语作目的状语 21不定式短语作目的状语 22拟人化的写作手法，意为“目睹；见证” 23现在分词短语作宾补 24三个动名词短语tending ..., publishing ... 和training ... 作介词in的宾语
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。1954年，她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间，她担任许多重要职位。然而，她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。“妇产科救治的是母婴两条生命，”她对科室的新入职的医务人员说道，“作为医生，我们必须对患者负责，视她们如姐妹。”
Though25 Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered26 over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until27 the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since28 she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. “I'm ready to go，” she said. “Don't try to rescue me any more. Don't waste the medicine any more.” 25引导让步状语从句 26现在分词的完成式，作原因状语，起补充说明的作用 27引导时间状语从句 28引导原因状语从句
虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。由于自己没有孩子，她把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园和一项新医生基金。即使在她弥留之际，她最后惦念的仍是他人。“我要走了，”她说，“不要再抢救了，不要再浪费药品了。”
阅读领悟
(一)根据时间线索填表
1901 Dr Lin was 1.born.
at age 5 Her mother 2.died.
at age 18 She chose to 3.study__medicine.
1929 She 4.graduated__from PUMC.
1939 She studied in 5.the__US.
1941 She became 6.the__first__Chinese__woman ever to be appointed director of the OB－GYN department at PUMC Hospital.
during the war She opened 7.a__private__clinic.
1954 She was elected to the first 8.National__People's__Congress.
22 April 1983 She 9.died.
(二)细节理解填空
(三)人物分析，填充信息
Dr Lin's main principle of life was to sacrifice__herself__and__put__others__first．
Evidence 1: She__would__rather__stay__single__to__study__all__her__life.
Evidence 2: She__rejected__the__offer__to__serve__the__women__and__children__at__home.
Evidence 3: She__didn't__retire__until__the__day__she__died,__and__left__her__savings__to__a__kindergarten__and__a__fund__for__new__doctors.
Evidence 4: Even__as__she__lay__dying,__her__final__thoughts__were__for__others.
探究一　热词
(一)高频词
1.majority n. 大部分；大多数(教材P16)
major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的　n. 主修课程，专业；主修学生　vi. 主修；专门研究 the majority 大部分；大多数(作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可) the majority of ... 大多数……(谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词) in a/the majority 占大多数 play a major role/part in (doing) sth 在(做)某事中起重要作用 an English major 英语专业的学生 major in 主修
【语境感知】
①The majority of my classmates enjoy participating in after school activities like sports and clubs.
我们班中的大部分学生都喜欢参加像运动和俱乐部这样的课外活动。
②In our class, students who prefer science subjects are in the majority.
在我们班，喜欢理科的学生占大多数。
③My math teacher played a major role in helping me improve my grades.
我的数学老师在帮助我提高成绩方面发挥了重要作用。
④When I was at university, I majored in Computer Science.
我在大学主修计算机科学。
　the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。 This long novel is a hit and the majority has/have seen it. 这部长篇小说很受欢迎，大多数人都看过。 “the majority of ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The majority of my patients come to me from out of countryside. 大多数来找我看病的患者都是乡下人。 “the majority of ＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分损坏容易修复。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He always believes that his supporters in the province are in the majority.
②The vast majority of them live (live) in developing countries.
③The majority (major) was in favour of banning smoking.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④大多数人似乎都同意这种观点。
The__great__majority__of__people__seem__to__agree__with__this__view.
⑤她决定主修工程学，因为她对机器的工作原理非常着迷。
She__decided__to__major__in__engineering__because__she__was__fascinated__by__the__way__machines__work.
2.complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚(教材P16)
complain （to sb） that ... （向某人）抱怨…… complain about ... 抱怨…… complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨某事 complain of 诉说（病情或痛苦）
【语境感知】
①Many customers have complained to us that the delivery service often delayed.,许多顾客向我们投诉送货服务经常延误。
②People complain about how children spend so much time on computer games.,人们常抱怨孩子花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。
③I'm going to complain to the manager about this.
我要就这件事向经理投诉。
④She left early， complaining of a headache.,她说自己头疼，很早就离开了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She never complained about working overtime.
②If the service was so bad， why didn't you complain to the manager？
③Hours later， she complained of having a headache， and was taken to hospital.
【学会表达】完成句子
④琼斯太太向我抱怨说她受到了不公平的对待。
Mrs Jones complained to me that she had been unfairly treated.
3.respond vt. 回答；回复　vi. 做出反应；回应（教材P16）
response n. 反应；回答；回复 respond to ... （with ...） （以……）对……做出反应/回应 respond by ... 以……方式反应 in response to ... 对……做出反应 make a response to ... 对……做出回答/回应
【语境感知】
①When the teacher asked a question， the students responded to it with enthusiasm.
当老师提问时，学生们热情地回应了问题。
②He responded by marching off and slamming the door behind him.
作为回应，他大步走开，砰地关上门。
③（2024·浙江高考1月）A similar process is at work in our response to information.
在我们对信息的反应中，也有一个类似的过程。
④The class was asked to make a response to the essay topic in writing.
班级被要求以书面形式回应论文主题。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①When the news of the exam cancellation was announced， the students responded by cheering and celebrating.
②Be patient and give her time to respond seriously to your efforts.
③In response （respond） to the audience's great demand， the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④她对儿子的粗鲁行为没有做出反应。
She made no response/didn't respond to her son's rude behavior.
4.hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用　n. 租借；租用（教材P16）
hire sb to do sth 聘任/雇用某人做某事 hire ... to do sth 租用……做某事 hire oneself out （to sb） （为某人）工作；受雇（于某人） on hire 可供出租的 for hire 供出租；待租
【语境感知】
①We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.
我们雇了一名当地导游带领我们翻山越岭。
②Our company is to hire the exhibition hall to show our new products.
我们公司计划租用那个展厅来展示我们的新产品。
③They were so poor that they had to hire themselves out on the farms.
他们太穷了，不得不在农场打工。
④The costumes are on hire from the local theatre.
这些戏服是从当地剧院租用的。
⑤There's a camping shop in town that has tents for hire （＝available to be hired） at ￡10 a week.
城里有一家露营商店，可出租帐篷，每周10英镑。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He hired himself out as a cook in a little inn.
②There are three small boats available for hire.
③He bought an advanced computer on hire purchase.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④教授雇了一个年轻人每天为他开车。
The professor hired a young man to drive for him every day.
5.appoint vt. 任命；委派（教材P16）
appointment n. 预约；约会 appoint sb to ... 任命某人到…… appoint sb （as） ... 任命某人（担任）…… appoint sb to do sth 派某人做某事 make an appointment with sb 与某人预约时间 make an appointment to do sth 预约做某事 break/keep an appointment 爽约/赴约
【语境感知】
①It made sense to appoint a banker to this job.
任命一位银行家做这份工作是明智之举。
②They appointed him as the head of the department.
他们任命他为部门的负责人。
③The editor in chief appointed her to write the lead article for the next issue.
主编派她撰写下一期杂志的头条文章。
④For the third time in a row， she had failed to keep her appointment.
她连续第三次未能赴约。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①A new manager has been appointed to direct （direct） the project.
②To her surprise， Mr Smith broke the appointment （appoint） with her.
③Professor Wang has been appointed to the committee.
【学会表达】完成句子
④昨天他被任命为大学校长，感到压力很大。
Appointed as president of the university yesterday， he felt under a lot of pressure.
⑤如果你与某个客户预约了时间，你应该遵守约定的时间。
If you have made an appointment with a customer， you should keep the time.
6.elect vt. 选举；推选；选择；决定（教材P17）
election n. 选举；推选；当选 elect sb （as/to be） ... 选举某人（为）…… elect to do sth 选择做某事 win/lose an election 当选/落选 hold/have an election 举行选举
【语境感知】
①This is not an election like any other and I cannot see in any way that the result is certain.
这次选举不同于以往的任何一次，我看不出任何结果是确定的。
②The country is about to take a radical departure by electing a woman as its new president.
这个国家即将进行一场彻底的变革，选举一位女性为新总统。
③You can elect to delete the message or save it.
您可以选择删除或保留消息。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Increasing numbers of people elect to work （work） from home nowadays.
②He won the election （elect） and became the principal because of his enterprise.
③Only someone born in the US can be elected as President.
【学会表达】完成句子
④你们要是选举律师当总统，就会发生这样的事情。
This is what happen if you elect a lawyer as/to be the President.
⑤俱乐部举行了新主席的选举，而选举结果让许多成员感到惊讶。
The club held an election for its new president， and the results were surprising to many members.
7.tend vt. 照顾；照料　vi. 倾向；趋于（教材P17）
tendency n. 趋势； 倾向 tenderly adv. 温和地；体贴地；柔和地 tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend （to） sb/sth 照料/护理某人；照管某物 tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于 a tendency to do sth 做某事的倾向 there is a tendency （for sb） to do sth （某人）有做某事的倾向
【语境感知】
①She tenderly tended her mother， making sure she was comfortable during her illness.
她体贴地照顾她的母亲，确保母亲在生病期间感到舒适。
②When it's cold outside， people tend to stay indoors.
当外面很冷时，人们往往会待在室内。
③I tend to agree with the idea that education is the key to unlocking a person's potential.
我倾向于同意这个观点，即教育是发现一个人潜能的关键。
④His views tend towards the extreme.
他的观点趋于偏激。
⑤The drug is effective but has a tendency to cause headaches.
这种药有效，但容易引起头痛。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①People tend to think （think） that the problem will never affect them.
②In our culture， girls are brought up to tend to the needs of others.
③I have a tendency （tend） to talk too much when I'm nervous.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④女性晚育的趋势越来越明显。
There is an increasing tendency for women to have children later in life.
⑤妻子生病期间，他悉心照料她。
He tended his wife carefully during her illness.
8.scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕　vi. 受惊吓（教材P17）
scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑 scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 scare sb to death 把某人吓得要死 be scared of （doing） sth 害怕（做）某事 be scared to do sth 害怕做某事
【语境感知】
①The farmer played loud music to scare away the birds that were eating his crops.
农民播放大声的音乐来吓跑吃他庄稼的鸟。
②Local businesses were scared into paying protection money.
当地商家被恐吓缴纳保护费。
③I was scared to death. I thought I would never see my wife and children again.
我吓得要死。我以为我再也见不到我的妻子和孩子了。
④I'm scared of telling her what really happened.
我害怕告诉她事情的真相。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I tried to keep calm though I was scared to death.
②He said he was scared of letting us down.
③The railway company feared it would scare passengers away/off.
【学会表达】完成句子
④她害怕进入院子，因为她害怕被那条大狗咬。
She was scared to enter the yard because she was scared of being bitten by the big dog.
9.replace vt. 接替；取代；更换（教材P17）
replacement n. 替换，更换；替代品；接替者 replace A with/by B 用B代替/取代A replace sb/sth as ... 取代某人/某物成为……
【语境感知】
①If the warranty is limited， the terms may entitle you to a replacement or refund.
如果保修单有限制，这些条款可以让你有权更换或退款。
②In the recipe， you can replace sugar with honey for a healthier option.
在这个食谱中，你可以用蜂蜜代替糖，这样更健康。
③Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation's main industry.
旅游业已经取代农业成为这个国家的主要产业。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I cannot replace you as her assistant.
②We are hard to find a replacement （replace） for our assistant.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我认为未来实体商店购物不会被网络购物取代。
I don't think physical shopping will be replaced by online shopping in the future.
（二）拓展词
10.illustrate vt. （举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图→illustration n. 插图；图解→illustrator n. 插图画家
【语境感知】
The illustrator used a colorful illustration to illustrate the story's main character， making it easier for children to understand.
这位插画家用彩色插图来说明故事的主角，让孩子们更容易理解。
11.marriage n. 结婚；婚姻→marry v. （和某人）结婚；嫁；娶→married adj. 已婚的
【语境感知】
They decided to marry then， and now they are happily married with a beautiful marriage.
那时他们决定结婚，现在他们的婚姻幸福美满。
12.energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的→energy n. 精力；活力
【语境感知】
The energetic child was running around the park， full of energy and excitement.,这个精力充沛的孩子在公园跑来跑去，充满活力和兴奋。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①His unique style as an illustrator （illustrate） has gained him a loyal following among art enthusiasts.
②She's always so energetic （energy）， always bouncing around with a smile on her face.
【学会表达】完成句子
③他们的婚姻建立在爱、信任和相互尊重的坚实基础之上。
Their marriage is built on a strong foundation of love， trust， and mutual respect.
（三）熟词生义
13.sharp [熟义] adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的 [生义] adj. (衣服或衣着风格)时髦的；浓烈的；敏锐的　adv. (用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整
【语境感知】
①Her condition took a sharp turn for the worse.
她的病情突然急剧恶化。
②The consultants were a group of men in sharp suits.
顾问都是些衣着时髦的男人。
③The performance will start at 7：30 sharp.
演出将于7点半整开始。
【学会理解】同义词替换
①He has a sharp mind and is always quick to grasp new concepts. keen__敏捷的
【学会表达】翻译句子
②他敏锐的时尚感让他成为时尚界的热门人物。
His__sharp__sense__of__style__has__made__him__a__popular__figure__in__the__fashion__industry.
探究二　短语
14.carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关(教材P16)
carry其他相关短语： carry out 实施；履行；执行 carry on (with) one's work 继续工作 carry sb back (to sth) 使某人回想起(某事) carry away 拿走，带走
【语境感知】
①His determination carried him through the ordeal.
他靠坚强的信心渡过了难关。
②The beautiful ecological landscape also provides an ideal place for enterprises to carry out outdoor activities.
优美的生态景观也为企业开展户外活动提供了理想的场所。
③Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his work.
她的勇敢给了他继续工作的意志。
④Rubbish left on the beach during the day is carried away at night by the tide.
白天留在海滩上的垃圾在晚上被潮水冲走了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①They carry on with their experiment despite strong opposition.
②He is a responsible person and can be trusted to carry out the plan.
③The smell of the sea carried her back to her childhood.
【学会表达】完成句子
④他承诺无论我们遇到什么困难都会帮助我们渡过难关。
He__has__promised__to__carry__us__through whatever difficulty we would meet.
探究三　长难句分析
15.To a person nothing is more precious than their life, ... (教材P16) 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，……
【分析】　本句是简单句。“否定词＋比较级”，即形容词或副词的比较级用于否定结构中，可以表示最高级含义，常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。 “最高级”的表达法： “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 the＋最高级＋比较范围＝比较级＋than any other＋单数名词＝比较级＋than all the other＋复数名词＝比较级＋than all the others can't/can never ... too/enough (再……也不过分；越……越好)是最高级的特殊用法
【语境感知】
①She had never been happier than when she won the national championship.
她从来没有像她赢得全国冠军时那么高兴。
②There's nothing better than a cup of hot coffee.
没有比喝一杯热咖啡更惬意的事情了。
③Her millions of fans can't get enough of the book.
她的数以百万计的粉丝对这本书爱不释手。
④You can never do the work too excellent.
这项工作你做得越出色越好。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①As far as I'm concerned, nothing is more__important (important) than health.
②I've never had a worse morning than today.
③She likes nothing better than a nice long walk along the beach.
④Mary is more intelligent than any other student in her class.
【学会表达】翻译句子
⑤你在他的班上找不到比他更乐于助人的学生了。
You__can't__find__a__more__helpful__student__in__his__class.
16.These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.(教材P16) 林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
【分析】　名词短语the heart of this amazing woman和名词性从句what carried her through a life of hard choices是and连接的并列成分，作介词into的宾语。 what引导名词性从句： 表示“……的东西或事情” 表示“……的人或样子” 表示“……的数量或数目” 表示“……的时间” 表示“……的地方”
【语境感知】
①(2024·浙江高考1月)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's what they'll promote.
如果他们的大多数客户愿意购买更多数量的产品，这就是他们将要推广的。
②The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was ten years ago.
现在我校学生的数量是十年前的10倍。
③The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours.
小女孩吓得说不出话，在那儿站了似乎几个小时。
④In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年，哥伦布到达了现在被称为美洲大陆的地方。
【学会运用】写出下列句子中what表示的含义
①This is what they call Salt Lake City.……的地方
②He is what is generally called a traitor.……的人或样子
③They've done what they can to help her.……的东西或事情
【学会表达】完成句子
④令莉莉的朋友们困惑的是，为什么她总是有这么多离奇的想法。
What__puzzles__Lily's__friends__is why she always has so many crazy ideas.
⑤是谁使弗雷德变成现在这个样子的？
Who is it that has made Fred what__he__is__now
⑥这是他们过去对这个老城广场的称呼。
This is what__they__called__the__old__town__square in the past.
⑦我们城市的人口现在是五年前的两倍。
The population of our city is now double what__it__was__five__years__ago．
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)1.principle (C)2.scholarship (D)3.insurance (B)4.union (A)5.passive 　 A．adj. 被动的；顺从的 B．n. 协会；联合会；工会 C．n. 奖学金 D．n. 保险；保险业 E．n. 道德原则；法则；原则 (B)6.tuition fees (C)7.resident physician (A)8.play a key role (D)9.tend to do sth (E)10.carry sb through sth A.起关键作用 B.学费 C.住院医师 D.往往会发生某事 E.帮助某人渡过难关
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．publish vt. 发表(作品)；出版
2．precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
3．physician n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生
4．kindergarten n. 学前班；幼儿园
5．majority n. 大部分；大多数
6．sharp adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的
7．staff n. 员工；全体职员
8．faraway adj. 遥远的
9．clinic n. 诊所；门诊部
10．colleague n. 同事；同僚
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The traditional view was that marriage (marry) was meant to last.
2．She was very scared of being__rejected (reject) by her colleagues.
3．He responded to the challenge with determination and hard work.
4．I think I'd prefer something a little less energetic (energy)．
5．People tend to__work (work) hard at this stage of life.
6．I'm thinking of replacing my old phone with the latest smartphone.
7．No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn (turn) to for information.
8．If the election (elect) result is close, there will be a second count.
Ⅳ.选词填空
elsewhere, tend, respond, decade, entrust, replace, hire, illustrate
1．You can rely on him to__respond to the challenge.
2．They replaced the wooden chairs with plastic ones two years ago.
3．The book is__illustrated with beautiful drawings.
4．I wanted to__hire out my house to earn some extra money.
5．She has__tended to focus on her work rather than her personal life recently.
6．The company has been a leader in the industry for decades．
7．Our favourite restaurant was closed, so we had to go elsewhere.
8．He entrusted his children to a faithful friend when he was on business.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．It was my teacher's encouragement and support that carried__me__through__difficulty (帮助我渡过了难关)．
2．People who exercise regularly tend__to__have__better__sleep__quality (往往有更好的睡眠质量) at night.
3．An employee complained__to__us__about (向我们抱怨) working too much overtime this month.
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．这本书并不比上个月我读的那本书无趣。
This__book__is__no__less__interesting__than__the__one__I__read__last__month.
2．她已经被任命为北京旅游形象大使，为期两年。
She's____been__appointed__as__Beijing's__tourism__ambassador__for__two__years.
3．实际上，他所拥有的并不是他想要的。
In__fact,__what__he__had__wasn't__quite__what__he__wanted.
课后课时作业(一)
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·浙江省强基联盟高一下期中)Lobb, a 24 year old banker from Toronto, has been sharing everything with his friend, an artificial intelligence engineer Jafri.
One day, the two were __1__ in a lunchtime workout on Pier (码头) 15, overlooking the East River, when Lobb froze. “Somebody's in the water，” he said. __2__ Jafri could respond, he climbed over the rail and jumped into the cold water without any slightest __3__. Seeing this, Jafri also swan dived towards him even without __4__ his shoes.
__5__ the unconscious victim, Lobb saw that it was a big, middle aged man. He was 3 feet __6__ the surface by the time Lobb reached him. The rescuer dove, __7__ the man and kicked upward until they both appeared above the water. With great efforts, the pair __8__ brought him back to Pier 15 where a crowd had gathered.
Both men, extremely __9__ from 20 minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous cuts, watched as rescue workers loaded the nearly drowned man into a(n) __10__ and drove away. They even __11__ learned who he was, what became of him or how he'd fallen into the river.
In place of that knowledge, they have a story they get to tell now, another experience that has further __12__ their bond. Lots of people were on the piers that day, __13__ only the two of them jumped in the water—because, they say, they were the fittest people there and, so, had a moral responsibility.
“If I know I'm __14__，” Lobb says, “why wouldn't I help？”
Jafri __15__， laughing, “People always say, ‘If your friend were in danger, would you reach out to him？’ I think I answered that one.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自多伦多的24岁银行家Lobb (洛布)和人工智能工程师Jafri (加法里)发现有人落水并英勇跳入河中救人的故事。
1．A.chatting B．arguing
C．quarreling D．whispering
答案：A
解析：chat聊天；argue争论；quarrel吵架；whisper低语。根据上文“has been sharing everything with his friend”可知，两位朋友常常聊天，结合下文“in a lunchtime”和常识可推知，他们在共进午餐时也会聊天。故选A。
2．A.Until B．When
C．Before D．As
答案：C
解析：until直到；when当……时候；before在……之前；as当……时候，随着。根据下文“he climbed over the rail and jumped into the cold water without any slightest”可知，在Jafri做出反应之前，Lobb就采取了行动。故选C。
3．A.motivation B．difficulty
C．response D．hesitation
答案：D
解析：motivation动机；difficulty困难；response回应；hesitation犹豫。根据上文“he climbed over the rail and jumped into the cold water”可知，Lobb行动迅速，毫不犹豫地跳进了冰冷的水中。without any slightest hesitation意为“没有丝毫犹豫”。故选D。
4．A.taking off B．holding up
C．putting on D．giving away
答案：A
解析：take off脱下；hold up举起，支撑；put on穿上；give away赠送。根据下文“his shoes”可推知，Jafri下水时甚至没有脱鞋。故选A。
5．A.Measuring B．Protecting
C．Approaching D．Tapping
答案：C
解析：measure测量；protect保护；approach接近；tap轻敲。根据下文“Lobb saw that it was a big, middle aged man”可知，Lobb靠近落水者，看清了他的体型。故选C。
6．A.above B．below
C．over D．beside
答案：B
解析：above在……上方；below在……下方；over在……上方(覆盖)；beside在……旁边。根据下文“they both appeared above the water”可知，Lobb把落水者拉出水面，说明他在被救前已经沉到了水下，此处表示在水下3英尺的地方。故选B。
7．A.beat B．grasped
C．cheered D．hurt
答案：B
解析：beat打败；grasp抓住；cheer欢呼；hurt伤害。根据下文“kicked upward until they both appeared above the water”可知，Lobb抓住落水者，把他拉出水面。故选B。
8．A.frequently B．suddenly
C．eventually D．professionally
答案：C
解析：frequently频繁地；suddenly突然地；eventually最终；professionally专业地。根据上文“With great efforts”和下文“brought him back to Pier 15”可知，Lobb和Jafri两人费了很大的劲，最终把落水的人带回码头。故选C。
9．A.tired B．delighted
C．disappointed D．interested
答案：A
解析：tired疲倦的，累的；delighted高兴的；disappointed失望的；interested感兴趣的。根据下文“from 20 minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous cuts”可知，两人在水里的时间太久且受伤了，所以极度疲惫。故选A。
10．A.ship B．helicopter
C．bike D．ambulance
答案：D
解析：ship船；helicopter直升机；bike自行车；ambulance救护车。根据下文“drove away”可知，落水的人被送上了救护车。故选D。
11．A.sometimes B．ever
C．never D．still
答案：C
解析：sometimes有时；ever曾经；never不会，不可能；still仍然。根据上文可知，落水的人被救上岸后就被救护车拉走，所以Lobb和Jafri不知道落水者是谁。故选C。
12．A.tightened B．ruined
C．challenged D．rescued
答案：A
解析：tighten(使)紧固；ruin破坏；challenge挑战；rescue营救。根据上文内容可知，Lobb和Jafri两位好朋友不顾个人安危，一起拯救了陌生的落水者，结合下文“their bond”可推知，这样的行为加强了他们的友谊。故选A。
13．A.because B．so
C．yet D．plus
答案：C
解析：上文“Lots of people were on the piers”和下文“only the two of them jumped in the water”之间为转折关系，此处指那天码头上有很多人，但只有他们两个人跳进了水里。故选C。
14．A.rude B．clever
C．strong D．capable
答案：D
解析：rude粗鲁的；clever聪明的；strong强大的；capable有能力的。根据上文“because, they say, they were the fittest people”可知，他们是最健壮的人，有能力去提供救援。故选D。
15．A.debates B．greets
C．adds D．begs
答案：C
解析：debate辩论；greet打招呼；add补充说；beg乞求。根据下文“People always say ... answered that one.”可知，此处指Jafri补充说。故选C。
Ⅱ　阅读
(2024·广东省广东实验中学附属江门学校高一下阶段测试)Clara packed her things at the office and went to her boss, “It's been a pleasure working with you, but I'm leaving my job，” she turned and left.
“Why do you get home so early？” asked her sister Sally.
“The Civil War is taking__its__toll__on the Union soldiers. I need to help them.” Sally looked around the room. “I'm going with you.” The two volunteered at a hospital where soldiers received treatment.
After several months, Clara became worried. “Sally, this isn't enough. I need to help the soldiers in the field and on the front lines. I'm leaving in the morning.”
Sally looked surprised. “Clara! You can't. It's too dangerous！”
“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”
Clara got donations (捐赠物) from wherever she could and used her own savings to buy things that soldiers need. She also organized men to give help, carry water, and prepare food for the wounded.
Months later, Clara finally made it to the front line. The wounded soldiers were so thankful for what she had done; they even named her the Angel of the Battlefield.
After the Civil War ended, Clara went to Europe to rest her body and mind. So many years of helping soldiers and their families had worn her down.
While visiting Switzerland, Clara learned of the Intentional Red Cross. Its aim of helping war victims (受害者) around the world created interest and excitement in Clara. It also encouraged an idea. When she returned home, Clara worked to start an American Red Cross. She even met with President Hayes to discuss it. Finally, on 21 May, 1881, the American Red Cross was formed. A month later, Clara was made president of the organization.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名勇敢的女性Clara (克拉拉)在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，并建立了美国红十字会的故事。
1．What does the underlined phrase “taking its toll on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Calling for.
B．Taking control of.
C．Having a bad effect on.
D．Making an impression on.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“I need to help them.(我需要帮助他们。)”以及第六段(需要帮助的前线士兵处境更危险。)可知，内战给联邦士兵带来了巨大损失，由此可推知，“taking its toll on”意为“对……造成坏影响”。故选C。
2．How did Clara help the soldiers during the Civil War
A．By giving medical care to soldiers.
B．By starting the American Red Cross.
C．By sending supplies to the front line.
D．By encouraging people to join the army.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第七段内容可知，内战期间，Clara通过向前线发送物资来帮助士兵。故选C。
3．Which of the following can best describe Clara
A．Kind and smart.
B．Honest and thankful.
C．Strict and narrow minded.
D．Brave and warm hearted.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段以及第六段内容可知，Clara不顾危险，要前往前线帮助士兵；根据第七段内容可知，Clara为士兵们购买需要的东西，为伤员准备食物。由此可推知，她是个勇敢且热心的人。故选D。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To describe how cruel the Civil War was.
B．To tell how the International Red Cross was formed.
C．To explain the role that women played in the war.
D．To introduce an important woman in American history.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一名勇敢的女性Clara在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，最后建立了美国红十字会的故事。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一位美国历史上重要的女性。故选D。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·广东省六校联考高一下期中) The Analects of Confucius (《论语》) records the words and deeds of the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius, __1__ (write) somewhere between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2，000 years ago. __2__ highlights the political and moral ideas of Confucius and Confucianism.
Ren is a core concept in the book adopted by Confucius with original meaning of loving others. __3__ (represent) a high moral standard, it includes all virtues. Confucius stresses that self discipline is __4__ must for practicing the rules of propriety (礼) and achieving ren.
Society has developed greatly and huge changes __5__ (occur) as well after the birth of the Analects of Confucius. Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of __6__ are still relevant today. For example, Confucius analyzes the relationship between learning and thinking by saying that learning without thinking leads to __7__ (confuse) while thinking without learning ends in puzzlement. Besides, the Analects of Confucius also vividly shows the __8__ (image) of Confucius's students. Zi Lu is straightforward. Zi Gong is smart, and Yan Hui is mild and capable. Confucius insists on treating students __9__ individuals to achieve full potential, which is consistent with some of the modern educational thoughts.
The Analects of Confucius is a fine example of world literature, and the publication of its versions in various languages will __10__ (far) enhance cultural exchanges between China and the world.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了儒家经典作品《论语》的主要内容，及其在今天依然适用的思想理念。
1．答案：written
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：《论语》记载了中国古代哲学家孔子的言行，成书于2，000多年前的春秋战国时期。句中已有谓语动词records，设空处应用非谓语动词，write和主语The Analects of Confucius之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填written。
2．答案：It
解析：考查代词。设空处缺少主语，代指The Analects of Confucius，应用it，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填It。
3．答案：Representing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它代表着崇高的道德标准，包括所有的美德。句中已有谓语动词includes，设空处应用非谓语动词，represent和主语it之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Representing。
4．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。句意：孔子强调自律是行礼成仁的必要条件。设空处泛指“一个必要条件”，应用不定冠词，且must的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
5．答案：have occurred
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。and连接两个并列的分句，设空处作第二个分句的谓语，结合第一个分句Society has developed greatly可知，设空处应用现在完成时，且主语huge changes为复数，助动词应用have。故填have occurred。
6．答案：which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词ideas，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
7．答案：confusion
解析：考查词性转换。句意：例如，孔子分析学与思的关系说，学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。介词to后接不可数名词confusion作宾语。故填confusion。
8．答案：images
解析：考查名词。句意：此外，《论语》也生动地展示了孔子的学生的形象。根据Confucius's students可知，此处应用名词复数images作宾语。故填images。
9．答案：as
解析：考查介词。句意：孔子坚持把学生看作个体，以充分发挥学生的潜能，这与现代一些教育思想是一致的。固定短语treat sb as意为“将某人看作”。故填as。
10．答案：further
解析：考查词性转换。句意：《论语》是世界文学的典范，多种语言版本的出版将进一步促进中国与世界的文化交流。设空处修饰动词enhance，应用副词。further意为“进一步”。故填further。
　精深阅读
(2024·广东省惠州市高一下期末)It was a Sunday. I was helping my brother move from a teaching job. We were in the middle of nowhere in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan when my truck—just died without any warning. Neither of us knew very much about trucks. Soon, a man from the house in front of which we broke down came out, took one look at the engine and said, “The timing belt doesn't work.”
We inquired about the closest garage and realized that it would be an expensive repair. This man, though, took a look at the situation—two broke kids in their early 20s just trying to get by in life and he said, “Well, it's Sunday. Nothing's gonna be open. I was once a repairman. Let's push the truck down to my driveway and see what we can do.”
So that was exactly what we did. He made some calls to get the needed parts. While the truck got fixed, this man's son, a kid of about 9 or 10, was hanging around. There were no kids nearby his age, and he was eager for any kind of interaction, even with two guys in their 20s. He said, “Want to see my tree house？”， pointing to the woods out back. My brother and I looked at each other, shrugged, and replied, “Sure.”
We ended up spending two hours with this kid, helping him build his tree house. When we were done, we went back to the house and the truck was all fixed. My brother and I had maybe $60 in cash on us and tried to pay the man but he refused, “No, You don't need to pay me. The next time you see someone in need of help and you have the means, I want you to repay this favor. Plus, you kept my son occupied for several hours, which I truly appreciate.”
And that__ is one of the rules of life I live by, taught to me by a generous man in the middle of nowhere who helped me out when I was in a time of need.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在帮助哥哥搬家的途中，卡车抛锚，在一位好心人的帮助下修好卡车，并与其子互动的经历。
1．What happened to the brothers
A．They were out of jobs.
B．They lost their way home.
C．They were trapped in the truck.
D．They experienced vehicle failure.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We were in the middle ... without any warning.(当我的卡车毫无预兆地突然抛锚时，我们正身处密歇根州上半岛的荒郊野外。)”可知，兄弟俩在搬家途中遭遇了卡车抛锚的困境，即他们遭遇了车辆故障。故选D。
2．Why did the man offer help to the brothers
A．To make extra money.
B．To find company for his son.
C．To show his repair skills.
D．To pull them out of dilemma.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，这位男士提供帮助主要是出于好心想要帮助处于困境中的兄弟两人。故选D。
3．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Fixing trucks for free.
B．Paying kindness forward.
C．Spending time with children.
D．Meeting people in need of help.
答案：B
解析：指代判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The next time you see someone in need of help ... to repay this favor.”可知，男士告诉作者在别人需要帮助的时候，如果作者有能力，就去回报这份善意，这成为作者的生活准则。that指代上文提到的“回报善意”。故选B。
4．Which words can best describe the man
A．Skillful and diligent.
B．Considerate and strict.
C．Warmhearted and caring.
D．Devoted and humorous.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This man ... see what we can do.’”可推知，这位男士是热心肠的；根据倒数第二段中的“No, You don't need to pay me ... I want you to repay this favor.”可知，这位男士在看到作者和哥哥遭遇困境时，主动提出帮忙修车，并且拒绝了作者的付款，只希望他们在有能力的时候能帮助别人。由此可推知，这位男士是有爱心的。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．inquire v. 询问；打听
2．repairman n. 修理工
3．fix v. 修理；确定
4．plus adv. 此外
5．occupied adj. 忙于……的，从事……的
(二)高频短语
6．break__down (机器或车辆)发生故障
7．hang around 闲逛
8．end__up__doing__sth 最终做某事
9．in__cash 以现金形式；有现钱
10．in need of help 需要帮助
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．The more interaction (interact) the robot has with humans, the more it learns.
12．He is fully occupied (occupy) looking after three small children.
13．We ended up staying (stay) at the beach all day because the weather was so nice.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．We can fix the ship's exact position at the time the fire broke out. 确定
15．The training program really worked for me; I feel much stronger now.有效，起作用
16．My car died without any warning on the highway, leaving me alone in the middle of nowhere.熄火
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
expensive， inquire， fix
17．If you intend to enquire about our product, please contact with our marketing.inquire
18．The broken window in my room was repaired by the maintenance team this morning. fixed
19．The steak dinner was dearer than the pizza, but it was also much more delicious.more__expensive
(六)长难句分析
20．And that is one of the rules of life I live by, taught to me by a generous man in the middle of nowhere who helped me out when I was in a time of need.
句意：那是我所遵循的生活准则之一，是一位在我需要帮助时，在偏远地区帮助我的慷慨之人教给我的。
分析：主干是that__is__one__of__the__rules__of__life；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a generous man；when引导时间状语从句。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．He used to hang__around (闲逛) the harbour with some other boys.
22．Playing games and having fun is what__we__did (我们所做的) at the party.
(八)仿写句子
23．Plus, you kept my son occupied for several hours, which I truly appreciate.(非限制性定语从句)
仿写：她买了一辆新车，这让大家都很惊讶。
She__bought__a__new__car,__which__was__a__surprise__to__everyone.
课后课时作业(二)
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·湖南省株洲市渌口区第五中学高一下期末)
STINSON BEACH CLEAN UP PROJECT
Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer! Warmer weather and handfuls of holidays bring more people out to the beach which sometimes means more garbage too; join us once per month to clear litter and maintain the beauty there.
When: One Friday a month between May and September. 10：00 am－1：00 pm.
Where: Stinson Beach parking lot.
Supplies: We invite volunteers to bring their own reusable supplies! Limit waste by bringing your own bag or bucket and gloves if possible—but don't worry if you don't—we'll have some supplies on site for you to use.
Group entry: Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
Age, Skills, What to bring:
Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear (雨具).
Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed toe shoes are required.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一则招募志愿者清理Stinson海滩的招募启事，具体介绍了清理工作的时间、地点以及对志愿者的要求等。
1．What is the aim of the project
A．To attract the tourists.
B．To beautify the beach.
C．To provide trip study.
D．To conduct a research.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer！(今年夏天，请帮助我们保持Stinson海滩的清洁！)”可知，项目的目标是美化海滩。故选B。
2．What is required for volunteers under 18
A．Fine weather. B．Rich experience.
C．School uniform. D．Parent permission.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Age, Skills, What to bring部分中的“Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed.”可知，18岁以下的志愿者需要家长许可。故选D。
3．What does the project provide for volunteers
A．Training. B．Long pants.
C．Rain gear. D．Water bottles.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Training and tools will be provided.”可知，该项目为志愿者提供培训。故选A。
B
(2024·重庆市清华中学高一下期末)“Mommy！” I called over my shoulder. “Grace is here！” Our neighbor, Grace, stood on our front door holding a cardboard box.
It took Mom a few minutes to get to the front door. At forty two, her health wasn't good. She smiled at our next door neighbor. “Come in and have a cup of coffee.” “I can't stay, Nancy，” Grace answered. “I just thought you all might be able to use some of this food. We get more at those giveaways than we can use.” I felt relieved that Grace couldn't stay. She was friendly enough, but she and her husband drank a lot and they were given to loud arguments late at night. Sometimes, the police had to come and break up the fights. I was a little frightened of them. Grace placed the box on the kitchen table. Mom, who was not the sentimental type, got tears in her eyes. “Grace! We can't take this.”
Dad wandered in from the bedroom where he had been napping. He wasn't dealing very well with the unemployment at the processing plant. “We don't accept charity，” he said. “Now, Jim，” said Grace, “this is no time for your pride. You have two little girls and a sick wife to think of. This isn't charity. It's one neighbor helping another.” I stood a little distance from the grownups, looking into each of their faces, wondering what was going to happen next. “I thank you kindly，” Dad said at last.
When she was gone, we examined the contents of the box. It wasn't what we were used to. Mom smiled and said, “This will get us through for a couple of weeks.” The gesture from Grace confused me because she wasn't family, or close friends with us. Even though I didn't like most of the food in that box, I knew there was something significant about this woman's generosity. She didn't have much to give, but she gave what she had at a time when our family needed help.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家在困难时期收到了邻居送来的食物帮助，尽管父亲不愿意接受，但邻居的慷慨无私最终感动了他们。
4．Why did Grace come to pay a visit to the family
A．She delivered the leftovers to the family.
B．She brought food to the neighbor in need.
C．She apologized for making noises late at night.
D．She wanted to change the impression made on neighbors.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Grace (格蕾斯)所说的话“I just thought you ... we can use. (我只是想你们可能用得上这些食物。我们在那些赠品活动中得到的食物比我们能用的多。)”可知，Grace的来访是想给作者一家提供一些食物。故选B。
5．What do we know about the writer's family
A．It went through a huge loss.
B．It struggled against a great change.
C．It experienced pressure of life survival.
D．It was talked about in the neighbourhood.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At forty two, her health wasn't good. (42岁时，她的健康状况不佳。)”，第三段中的“Dad wandered in ... at the processing plant. (爸爸从他午睡的卧室里走了进来。他没有很好地处理加工厂的失业问题。)”以及最后一段中的“Mom smiled and said, ‘This will get us through for a couple of weeks.’(妈妈笑着说：‘这些食物够我们过几个星期了。’)”可推知，这个家庭正在经历生存压力。故选C。
6．Which of the following best describes Grace
A．Generous and anxious.
B．Kind and grateful.
C．Friendly and curious.
D．Warmhearted and considerate.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I just thought ... than we can use.”以及第三段中Grace说的话“this is no time ... neighbor helping another (现在不是你骄傲的时候。你有两个小女儿和生病的妻子要考虑。这不是慈善。这是邻居间的互相帮助)”可知，Grace在看到邻居有困难时，无私地送来了食物，而且还劝说Jim (吉姆)不要客气。由此可推知，她是一个热心且为他人着想的人。故选D。
7．What is the text mainly about
A．A neighbor's helping hand.
B．The friendship between two families.
C．A struggling family seeking hope.
D．Food sharing in the neighborhood.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者的家庭在困难时期收到了邻居送来的食物，尽管父亲不愿意接受，但邻居的慷慨无私最终感动了他们。A项(邻居的援助之手。)概括文章的主要内容。故选A。
Ⅱ　读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·山东省烟台市高一下期末)36 year old Mary was a single mother living in a small town in Cleveland, Ohio with her 3 year old twin sons, Jack and James. She worked hard to provide for her children, doing a few part time jobs to make ends meet. In spite of the challenges, Mary managed to give them a happy and stable childhood.
One Saturday morning, Mary was at home with her children, preparing breakfast for them. Jack was beside her while James was playing alone in the bedroom next to the kitchen. It was a typical weekend, filled with laughter and warmth. Little did they know something unexpected was just around the corner.
As Mary was busy with the food, a fire broke out in the kitchen. Panicked, Mary took hold of Jack and rushed towards the front door. They made it to safety only to find James remained stuck inside. Mary put Jack down and turned back to get James out, but in such a hurry and panic, she missed a step and fell on the ground. Her right ankle got sprained so seriously that she couldn't stand up. Mary sat on the ground helplessly, her tears mixed with screams, “My kid is still in the house. Somebody, help me！”
At that very moment, Simon, 52, a former army soldier in the same community as Mary, happened to pass her house and saw the terrible scene. He immediately ran across the yard to ask the crying mother where her kid exactly was. In a shaking voice, Mary responded, “In the bedroom next to the kitchen.” The fire spread quickly and the house was filled with thick smoke. Simon looked around and saw a blanket hanging beside a pool full of water in the middle of the yard.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Without hesitation, Simon took action. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　Simon rushed out of the burning house with James in his arms. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了36岁的单身母亲Mary (玛丽)有一对双胞胎儿子Jack (杰克)和James (詹姆斯)。一天， 厨房里突然着火了，Mary惊慌失措，抱住Jack冲出前门。他们到达安全地带后却发现James被困在里面。这时Simon (西蒙) 碰巧经过她的房子，他会怎样把James 安全救出呢？Simon 的勇敢行为会对大家有什么影响呢？
[精彩范文]
Without hesitation, Simon took action. Dipping the blanket in the water pool and covering his head with it for necessary protection, he rushed into the house. Unable to see things clearly through the smoke and fire, Simon lowered himself to the ground, stretched his hands and felt his way forward until he reached the bedroom. Just then, a faint voice of a child caught his attention. Following the sound, he finally found James lying in a corner, frightened and helpless. He grabbed James, wrapped him in the blanket and made his way back towards the open door.
Simon rushed out of the burning house with James in his arms. Seeing James carried to safety, Mary breathed a sigh of relief. At that moment, firefighters arrived at the scene and put out the fire. Then Simon, Mary and her children were all sent to a nearby hospital, where they received timely medical care. Simon's heroic act saved James' life. Mary couldn't thank him enough for his selflessness and bravery. But Simon said smilingly, “It was no big deal. I just did what I was supposed to do.” This experience brought the community closer, and Simon's courageous act inspired others to consider what they would do in similar situations.
　精深阅读
(2024·安徽省安庆市高一下期末)Hale, president of Granite Telecommunications, was onstage during Thursday's rainy graduation ceremony to accept the medal for his support for the university. In his brief speech, he praised students for their hard work, and, drawing from his own early experiences, encouraged them not to let failure defeat them. Later, just as the headmaster was about to start awarding degrees to graduates, Hale gently pushed him aside, saying he wanted to celebrate the graduates by giving them $1，000 each. Students appeared from under their umbrellas, erupting in loud cheers and applause. It went on for nearly a minute before Hale could cut back in.
“Listen, there's a rule，” he said. “The first $500 is our gift to you. The second $500 is for you to do charity, giving to somebody else in need or another organization who could use it more than you.” As he spoke, two big bags were carried onstage. They were filled with 3，000 envelopes, which he said were decorated by students at two local elementary schools, and marked either “gift” or “give”．
It was time for students to walk across the stage. One at a time, wearing raincoats and big smiles, they accepted their diplomas and their pair of envelopes.
“These are kids who are working their tails off to be there，” he recalled. “They could certainly use the gift.” The 57 year old man put much of his wealth—over $270 million—toward charitable causes, including cancer research and educational institutions.
“Some of the most joyous times have been when I've had the chance to share，” Hale explained. “If there's a way that I could create that seed within another generation where they would get to experience the joy of giving then maybe that becomes something that they would make an effort to do and be accustomed to doing and make us all a little bit better along the way.” He has learned that one of graduates gave her money to a local charity that provides holiday gifts for poor children. She herself had been a receiver years ago.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Granite Telecommunications公司的总裁Hale (黑尔)在大学毕业典礼上，为毕业生们每人赠送了1，000美元，并鼓励他们将500美元用于慈善事业，帮助其他需要的人或组织。他希望通过这种方式让他们体验给予的快乐，使社会变得更加美好。
1．How did the students feel upon hearing what Hale said in Paragraph 1
A．Calm. B．Overjoyed.
C．Embarrassed. D．Curious.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Students appeared from under their umbrellas, erupting in loud cheers and applause. (学生们从伞下出现，爆发出巨大的欢呼声和掌声。)”可推知，学生们听到Hale的话欣喜若狂。故选B。
2．How could the students deal with the money marked “give” according to the rule
A．Use it to travel with friends.
B．Spend it on learning materials.
C．Pay it for gifts for their teachers.
D．Donate it for meaningful purposes.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The second $500 is for you to do charity ... who could use it more than you.(第二笔500美元是给你做慈善的，捐给其他有需要的人或另一个比你更需要它的组织。)”和“They were filled with 3，000 envelopes ... and marked either ‘gift’ or ‘give’．(里边有3，000个信封，他说这些信封由两所当地的小学生装饰，标有‘gift’和‘give’。)”可知，学生可以将标有“give”的钱用于有意义的目的的捐赠。故选D。
3．What did Hale mean when mentioning students could use the gift
A．They had good luck to be there.
B．They needn't work hard any more.
C．They were good enough for the gift.
D．They were too young to use the gift.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“These are kids ... use the gift.(‘这些都是努力奋斗站在这里的孩子，’他回忆说。‘他们当然可以使用这份礼物。’)”可推知，Hale想说明学生们足够好配得上这份礼物。故选C。
4．What is the significance of Hale's practice
A．Paying kindness forward.
B．Promoting teaching effectiveness.
C．Driving the world forward significantly.
D．Strengthening interpersonal connections.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If there's a way ... make us all a little bit better along the way.(如果我可以创造一种方式在另一代人心里播种种子，使他们体验给予的快乐，那么也许那会变成某种他们会尽力去做并且习惯去做的事情，而且让我们在前进的道路上变得更好。)”和“He has learned that ... She herself had been a receiver years ago.(他了解到，一位毕业生将她的钱捐给了一家为贫困儿童提供假期礼物的当地慈善机构。她自己几年前就当过接收者。)”可推知，Hale做法的意义在于将善举继续传递。故选A。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．onstage adj. 舞台上的；表演的
2．brief adj. 短暂的；简短的
3．failure n. 失败；失败的人(或企业、事物)
4．erupt v. 爆发；喷发
5．joyous adj. 快乐的；高兴的
(二)高频短语
6．praise__sb__for__sth 为某事表扬某人
7．push sb aside 把某人推到一边
8．appear__from 出现于；从……中出现
9．cut in 打断(谈话)；插嘴
10．work one's tail(s) off 努力奋斗
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．She is known for her charitable (charity) donations to various organizations.
12．Ash began to__erupt (erupt) from the crater.
13．She gently (gentle) placed the fragile vase on the table, being careful not to drop it.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．Remember to replace the receiver when you have finished your call.听筒
15．She was awarded the prize for both films.授予
16．She has a great gift for music. 天赋
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
create， joyous， recall
17．They looked on this as a great joyful event for the people of the whole city.joyous
18．He remembered exactly what Bob had told him the previous night. recalled
19．The government yesterday announced to the media plans to make a million new jobs.create
(六)长难句分析
20．He has learned that one of graduates gave her money to a local charity that provides holiday gifts for poor children.
句意：他了解到，一位毕业生将她的钱捐给了一家为贫困儿童提供假期礼物的当地慈善机构。
分析：主干是He__has__learned__...；第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词charity。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．I was astounded to see her appear__from (从……中出现) the house.
22．He is__accustomed__to__waking__up__early (习惯于早起) every morning to go for a jog before starting his day.
(八)仿写句子
23．Students appeared from under their umbrellas, erupting in loud cheers and applause. (现在分词短语作伴随状语)
仿写：汤姆沿着海滩散步，享受着海浪的声音。
Tom__was__walking__along__the__beach,__enjoying__the__sound__of__the__waves.
8(共157张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2　 MORALS AND VIRTUES
单元主题：人与自我——道德与美德
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业（一）
5
课后课时作业（二）
6
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．tuition n. ___________________
2．fee n. ____________________
3．tuition fees ________________
4．response n. ____________________
5．union n. _____________________
6．scholarship n. ________________
7．physician n. _______________________
8．resident physician ________________
9．colleague n. ________________
(小组)教学；讲课
专业服务费；报酬
学费
反应；回答；回复
协会；联合会；工会
奖学金
医师；(尤指)内科医生
住院医师
同事；同僚
10．clinic n. ________________
11．faraway adj. ________________
12．election n. __________________
13．decade n. ________________
14．elsewhere adv. ________________
15．kindergarten n. ________________
16．principle n. ________________________
17．passive adj. ________________
18．scared adj. __________________________________
19．insurance n. ________________
诊所；门诊部
遥远的
选举；推选；当选
十年；十年期
在别处；去别处
学前班；幼儿园
道德原则；法则；原则
被动的；顺从的
害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
保险；保险业
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．________ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
2．________ vt. 委托；交付
3．__________ n. 大部分；大多数
4．____________ vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
5．________ vt. 回答；回复　vi. 做出反应；回应
6．________ vt. 聘任；雇用；租用　n. 租借；租用
7．________ vt. 任命；委派
precious
entrust
majority
complain
respond
hire
appoint
8．________ vt. 选举；推选
9．________ vt. 照顾；照料　vi. 倾向；趋于
10．________ n. 员工；全体职员
11．________ n. 节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款
12．________ vt. 惊吓；使害怕　vi. 受惊吓
13．________ vt. 接替；取代；更换
elect
tend
staff
saving
scare
replace
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．________ vt. (举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→___________ n. 插图；图解→__________ n. 插图画家
2．________ n. 结婚；婚姻→________ v. (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶→________ adj. 已婚的
3．________ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用→_________ n. 拒绝接受；否决
4．________ vt. 发表(作品)；出版→________ n. 出版人；发行人→__________ n. 出版；发表；出版物
5．________ vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出→___________ n. 退休；退职；退休生活→________ adj. 已退休的→________ adj. 不爱与人交往的；不合群的
6．________ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的→________ n. 精力；活力
illustrate
illustration
illustrator
marriage
marry
married
reject
rejection
publish
publisher
publication
retire
retirement
retired
retiring
energetic
energy
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
sharp 熟义：adj. _________________________________________
生义：adj. (衣服或衣着风格)时髦的；浓烈的；敏锐的　adv. (用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．___________________ 帮助某人渡过难关
2．________________ 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
carry sb through sth
tend to do sth
自主学习　课文语篇
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
万婴之母
课文三维剖析
“Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and1if2 they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying3 I'm cold, hungry, or tired？” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what4 carried her through a life of hard choices.
1 连接两个________
2 引导___________从句
3 现在分词作___________
4 引导________从句
并列句
条件状语
伴随状语
宾语
“生命是宝贵的。……对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，如果人们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说自己冷、自己饿、自己困，而拒绝这份信任呢？”林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
笔记空间﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
5 介词短语作___________
6 动名词短语作________
7 现在分词短语作_________
8 不定式作___________
As a five year old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death. At age 18, instead of following5 the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to work and study. “Why should girls learn so much Finding a good husband6 should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees7. She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study8 all my life！” Later, she went on to study medicine as she had wished.
方式状语
主语
伴随状语
目的状语
笔记空间﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了工作和学习。“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”之后，她如愿以偿地继续学医。
9 the highest prize是the Wenhai Scholarship的_______ __；其中过去分词短语given to graduates作the highest prize的_____________
10 不定式短语作the first woman的____________
In 1929, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates9. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired10 as a resident physician in the OB GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician11, a position12 that13 usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years14, she was sent to study15 in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues,
同位语
后置定语
后置定语
11名词短语作_______。name sb a chief resident physician中，名词短语作________
12 a position是a chief resident physician的_____ _______
who16 invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve17 the women and children at home.
1929年，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后，她被派往欧洲学习，之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳，邀请她留下。但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。
主补
宾补
同位语
13 引导________从句
14 介词短语作___________
15 不定式作______。send sb to do sth中，不定式作_____
16 引导_________________从句
17 不定式作________
In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed18 director of the OB GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of19 all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients20 and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care21.
定语
时间状语
主补
宾补
非限制性定语
宾语
18 不定式短语作________，修饰the first Chinese woman
19 现在分词短语作________
20 不定式短语作__________
21 不定式短语作__________
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴到偏远的村庄给人看病。
后置定语
原因状语
目的状语
目的状语
22 拟人化的写作手法，意为“____________”
23 现在分词短语作________
24 三个动名词短语tending ..., publishing ... 和training ... 作介词in的________
The new People's Republic of China saw22 Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role23. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions.Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors24. “The OB GYN department cares for two lives，” she told new staff in her department. “As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
目睹；见证
宾补
宾语
笔记空间﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。1954年，她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间，她担任许多重要职位。然而，她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。“妇产科救治的是母婴两条生命，”她对科室的新入职的医务人员说道，“作为医生，我们必须对患者负责，视她们如姐妹。”
25 引导___________从句
26 现在分词的完成式，作_________，起补充说明的作用
27 引导__________从句
28 引导__________从句
Though25 Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered26 over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until27 the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since28 she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. “I'm ready to go，” she said. “Don't try to rescue me any more. Don't waste the medicine any more.”
让步状语
原因状语
时间状语
原因状语
笔记空间﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。由于自己没有孩子，她把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园和一项新医生基金。即使在她弥留之际，她最后惦念的仍是他人。“我要走了，”她说，“不要再抢救了，不要再浪费药品了。”
1901 Dr Lin was 1.________.
at age 5 Her mother 2.________.
at age 18 She chose to 3.________________.
1929 She 4.___________________ PUMC.
1939 She studied in 5.____________.
1941 She became 6.___________________________ ever to be appointed director of the OB－GYN department at PUMC Hospital.
during the war She opened 7.____________________.
1954 She was elected to the first 8._______________________________.
22 April 1983 She 9.________.
(一)根据时间线索填表
阅读领悟
born
died
study medicine
graduated from
the US
the first Chinese woman
a private clinic
National People's Congress
died
(二)细节理解填空
women
sisters
low
reduced
fund
others
research
died
single
offer
(三)人物分析，填充信息
Dr Lin's main principle of life was to ______________________________．
Evidence 1: _________________________________________________________
Evidence 2: _________________________________________________________
Evidence 3: _________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
Evidence 4: _________________________________________________________
sacrifice herself and put others first
She would rather stay single to study all her life.
She rejected the offer to serve the women and children at home.
She didn't retire until the day she died, and left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
Even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others.
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
（一）高频词
major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的　n. 主修课程，专业；主修学生　vi. 主修；专门研究
the majority 大部分；大多数(作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可)
the majority of ... 大多数……(谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词)
in a/the majority 占大多数
play a major role/part in (doing) sth 在(做)某事中起重要作用
an English major 英语专业的学生
major in 主修
1.majority n. 大部分；大多数(教材P16)
【语境感知】
①The majority of my classmates enjoy participating in after school activities like sports and clubs.
我们班中的大部分学生都喜欢参加像运动和俱乐部这样的课外活动。
②In our class, students who prefer science subjects are in the majority.
在我们班，喜欢理科的学生占大多数。
③My math teacher played a major role in helping me improve my grades.
我的数学老师在帮助我提高成绩方面发挥了重要作用。
④When I was at university, I majored in Computer Science.
我在大学主修计算机科学。
the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。
This long novel is a hit and the majority has/have seen it.
这部长篇小说很受欢迎，大多数人都看过。
“the majority of ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The majority of my patients come to me from out of countryside.
大多数来找我看病的患者都是乡下人。
“the majority of ＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.
大部分损坏容易修复。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He always believes that his supporters in the province are ________ the majority.
②The vast majority of them ________ (live) in developing countries.
③The ___________ (major) was in favour of banning smoking.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④大多数人似乎都同意这种观点。
___________________________________________________
⑤她决定主修工程学，因为她对机器的工作原理非常着迷。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
in
live
majority
The great majority of people seem to agree with this view.
She decided to major in engineering because she was fascinated by the way machines work.
complain （to sb） that ... （向某人）抱怨……
complain about ... 抱怨……
complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨某事
complain of 诉说（病情或痛苦）
2.complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚(教材P16)
【语境感知】
①Many customers have complained to us that the delivery service often delayed.,许多顾客向我们投诉送货服务经常延误。
②People complain about how children spend so much time on computer games.,人们常抱怨孩子花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。
③I'm going to complain to the manager about this.
我要就这件事向经理投诉。
④She left early， complaining of a headache.,她说自己头疼，很早就离开了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She never complained ________ working overtime.
②If the service was so bad, why didn't you complain ________ the manager
③Hours later, she complained ________ having a headache, and was taken to hospital.
【学会表达】完成句子
④琼斯太太向我抱怨说她受到了不公平的对待。
Mrs Jones complained to me _________________________________.
about
to
of
that she had been unfairly treated
response n. 反应；回答；回复
respond to ... （with ...） （以……）对……做出反应/回应
respond by ... 以……方式反应
in response to ... 对……做出反应
make a response to ... 对……做出回答/回应
3.respond vt. 回答；回复　vi. 做出反应；回应（教材P16）
【语境感知】
①When the teacher asked a question， the students responded to it with enthusiasm.
当老师提问时，学生们热情地回应了问题。
②He responded by marching off and slamming the door behind him.
作为回应，他大步走开，砰地关上门。
③（2024·浙江高考1月）A similar process is at work in our response to information.
在我们对信息的反应中，也有一个类似的过程。
④The class was asked to make a response to the essay topic in writing.
班级被要求以书面形式回应论文主题。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①When the news of the exam cancellation was announced, the students responded ________ cheering and celebrating.
②Be patient and give her time to respond seriously ________ your efforts.
③In __________ (respond) to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④她对儿子的粗鲁行为没有做出反应。
___________________________________________________________
by
to
response
She made no response/didn?t respond to her son?s rude behavior.
hire sb to do sth 聘任/雇用某人做某事
hire ... to do sth 租用……做某事
hire oneself out （to sb） （为某人）工作；受雇（于某人）
on hire 可供出租的
for hire 供出租；待租
4.hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用　n. 租借；租用（教材P16）
【语境感知】
①We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.
我们雇了一名当地导游带领我们翻山越岭。
②Our company is to hire the exhibition hall to show our new products.
我们公司计划租用那个展厅来展示我们的新产品。
③They were so poor that they had to hire themselves out on the farms.
他们太穷了，不得不在农场打工。
④The costumes are on hire from the local theatre.
这些戏服是从当地剧院租用的。
⑤There's a camping shop in town that has tents for hire （＝available to be hired） at ￡10 a week.
城里有一家露营商店，可出租帐篷，每周10英镑。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He hired himself ________ as a cook in a little inn.
②There are three small boats available ________ hire.
③He bought an advanced computer ________ hire purchase.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④教授雇了一个年轻人每天为他开车。
________________________________________________________
out
for
on
The professor hired a young man to drive for him every day.
appointment n. 预约；约会
appoint sb to ... 任命某人到……
appoint sb （as） ... 任命某人（担任）……
appoint sb to do sth 派某人做某事
make an appointment with sb 与某人预约时间
make an appointment to do sth 预约做某事
break/keep an appointment 爽约/赴约
5.appoint vt. 任命；委派（教材P16）
【语境感知】
①It made sense to appoint a banker to this job.
任命一位银行家做这份工作是明智之举。
②They appointed him as the head of the department.
他们任命他为部门的负责人。
③The editor in chief appointed her to write the lead article for the next issue.
主编派她撰写下一期杂志的头条文章。
④For the third time in a row， she had failed to keep her appointment.
她连续第三次未能赴约。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①A new manager has been appointed ________ (direct) the project.
②To her surprise, Mr Smith broke the _____________ (appoint) with her.
③Professor Wang has been appointed ________ the committee.
【学会表达】完成句子
④昨天他被任命为大学校长，感到压力很大。
_________________________________________， he felt under a lot of pressure.
⑤如果你与某个客户预约了时间，你应该遵守约定的时间。
If you _____________________________________， you should keep the time.
to direct
appointment
to
Appointed as president of the university yesterday
have made an appointment with a customer
election n. 选举；推选；当选
elect sb （as/to be） ... 选举某人（为）……
elect to do sth 选择做某事
win/lose an election 当选/落选
hold/have an election 举行选举
6.elect vt. 选举；推选；选择；决定（教材P17）
【语境感知】
①This is not an election like any other and I cannot see in any way that the result is certain.
这次选举不同于以往的任何一次，我看不出任何结果是确定的。
②The country is about to take a radical departure by electing a woman as its new president.
这个国家即将进行一场彻底的变革，选举一位女性为新总统。
③You can elect to delete the message or save it.
您可以选择删除或保留消息。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Increasing numbers of people elect ________ (work) from home nowadays.
②He won the ________ (elect) and became the principal because of his enterprise.
③Only someone born in the US can be elected ________ President.
【学会表达】完成句子
④你们要是选举律师当总统，就会发生这样的事情。
This is what happen if you ________________________________.
⑤俱乐部举行了新主席的选举，而选举结果让许多成员感到惊讶。
The club _________________________________， and the results were surprising to many members.
to work
election
as
elect a lawyer as/to be the President
held an election for its new president
tendency n. 趋势； 倾向
tenderly adv. 温和地；体贴地；柔和地
tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
tend （to） sb/sth 照料/护理某人；照管某物
tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于
a tendency to do sth 做某事的倾向
there is a tendency （for sb） to do sth （某人）有做某事的倾向
7.tend vt. 照顾；照料　vi. 倾向；趋于（教材P17）
【语境感知】
①She tenderly tended her mother， making sure she was comfortable during her illness.
她体贴地照顾她的母亲，确保母亲在生病期间感到舒适。
②When it's cold outside， people tend to stay indoors.
当外面很冷时，人们往往会待在室内。
③I tend to agree with the idea that education is the key to unlocking a person's potential.
我倾向于同意这个观点，即教育是发现一个人潜能的关键。
④His views tend towards the extreme.
他的观点趋于偏激。
⑤The drug is effective but has a tendency to cause headaches.
这种药有效，但容易引起头痛。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①People tend ________ (think) that the problem will never affect them.
②In our culture, girls are brought up to tend ________ the needs of others.
③I have a _____________ (tend) to talk too much when I'm nervous.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④女性晚育的趋势越来越明显。
______________________________________________________________
⑤妻子生病期间，他悉心照料她。
___________________________________________
to think
to
tendency
There is an increasing tendency for women to have children later in life.
He tended his wife carefully during her illness.
scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑
scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb to death 把某人吓得要死
be scared of （doing） sth 害怕（做）某事
be scared to do sth 害怕做某事
8.scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕　vi. 受惊吓（教材P17）
【语境感知】
①The farmer played loud music to scare away the birds that were eating his crops.
农民播放大声的音乐来吓跑吃他庄稼的鸟。
②Local businesses were scared into paying protection money.
当地商家被恐吓缴纳保护费。
③I was scared to death. I thought I would never see my wife and children again.
我吓得要死。我以为我再也见不到我的妻子和孩子了。
④I'm scared of telling her what really happened.
我害怕告诉她事情的真相。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I tried to keep calm though I was scared ________ death.
②He said he was scared ________ letting us down.
③The railway company feared it would scare passengers __________．
【学会表达】完成句子
④她害怕进入院子，因为她害怕被那条大狗咬。
_____________________________ because she was scared of being bitten by the big dog.
to
of
away/off
She was scared to enter the yard
replacement n. 替换，更换；替代品；接替者
replace A with/by B 用B代替/取代A
replace sb/sth as ... 取代某人/某物成为……
9.replace vt. 接替；取代；更换（教材P17）
【语境感知】
①If the warranty is limited， the terms may entitle you to a replacement or refund.
如果保修单有限制，这些条款可以让你有权更换或退款。
②In the recipe， you can replace sugar with honey for a healthier option.
在这个食谱中，你可以用蜂蜜代替糖，这样更健康。
③Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation's main industry.
旅游业已经取代农业成为这个国家的主要产业。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I cannot replace you ________ her assistant.
②We are hard to find a ____________ (replace) for our assistant.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我认为未来实体商店购物不会被网络购物取代。
I don't think physical shopping _______________________________ in the future.
as
replacement
will be replaced by online shopping
10.illustrate vt. (举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→____________ n. 插图；图解→___________ n. 插图画家
【语境感知】
The illustrator used a colorful illustration to illustrate the story's main character， making it easier for children to understand.
这位插画家用彩色插图来说明故事的主角，让孩子们更容易理解。
illustration
（二）拓展词
illustrator
11.marriage n. 结婚；婚姻→________ v. (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶→________ adj. 已婚的
【语境感知】
They decided to marry then， and now they are happily married with a beautiful marriage.
那时他们决定结婚，现在他们的婚姻幸福美满。
marry
married
12.energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的→________ n. 精力；活力
【语境感知】
The energetic child was running around the park， full of energy and excitement.,这个精力充沛的孩子在公园跑来跑去，充满活力和兴奋。
energy
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①His unique style as an ____________ (illustrate) has gained him a loyal following among art enthusiasts.
②She's always so ___________ (energy), always bouncing around with a smile on her face.
【学会表达】完成句子
③他们的婚姻建立在爱、信任和相互尊重的坚实基础之上。
____________________________________________， trust, and mutual respect.
illustrator
energetic
Their marriage is built on a strong foundation of love
13.sharp [熟义] adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
[生义] adj. ______________________________________________
adv. __________________________________________
【语境感知】
①Her condition took a sharp turn for the worse.
她的病情突然急剧恶化。
②The consultants were a group of men in sharp suits.
顾问都是些衣着时髦的男人。
③The performance will start at 7：30 sharp.
演出将于7点半整开始。
（三）熟词生义
(衣服或衣着风格)时髦的；浓烈的；敏锐的
(用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整
【学会理解】同义词替换
①He has a sharp mind and is always quick to grasp new concepts. _____________
【学会表达】翻译句子
②他敏锐的时尚感让他成为时尚界的热门人物。
___________________________________________________________________
keen 敏捷的
His sharp sense of style has made him a popular figure in the fashion industry.
探究二　短语
carry其他相关短语：
carry out 实施；履行；执行
carry on (with) one's work 继续工作
carry sb back (to sth) 使某人回想起(某事)
carry away 拿走，带走
14.carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关(教材P16)
【语境感知】
①His determination carried him through the ordeal.
他靠坚强的信心渡过了难关。
②The beautiful ecological landscape also provides an ideal place for enterprises to carry out outdoor activities.
优美的生态景观也为企业开展户外活动提供了理想的场所。
③Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his work.
她的勇敢给了他继续工作的意志。
④Rubbish left on the beach during the day is carried away at night by the tide.
白天留在海滩上的垃圾在晚上被潮水冲走了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①They carry on ________ their experiment despite strong opposition.
②He is a responsible person and can be trusted to carry ________ the plan.
③The smell of the sea carried her ________ to her childhood.
【学会表达】完成句子
④他承诺无论我们遇到什么困难都会帮助我们渡过难关。
________________________________ whatever difficulty we would meet.
with
out
back
He has promised to carry us through
【分析】　本句是简单句。“否定词＋比较级”，即形容词或副词的比较级用于否定结构中，可以表示最高级含义，常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。
“最高级”的表达法：
“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
the＋最高级＋比较范围＝比较级＋than any other＋单数名词＝比较级＋than all the other＋复数名词＝比较级＋than all the others
can't/can never ... too/enough (再……也不过分；越……越好)是最高级的特殊用法
15.To a person nothing is more precious than their life, ... (教材P16)
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，……
探究三　长难句分析
【语境感知】
①She had never been happier than when she won the national championship.
她从来没有像她赢得全国冠军时那么高兴。
②There's nothing better than a cup of hot coffee.
没有比喝一杯热咖啡更惬意的事情了。
③Her millions of fans can't get enough of the book.
她的数以百万计的粉丝对这本书爱不释手。
④You can never do the work too excellent.
这项工作你做得越出色越好。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①As far as I'm concerned, nothing is _______________ (important) than health.
②I've never had a worse morning ________ today.
③She likes ________ better than a nice long walk along the beach.
④Mary is more intelligent than ________ other student in her class.
【学会表达】翻译句子
⑤你在他的班上找不到比他更乐于助人的学生了。
__________________________________________________
more important
than
nothing
any
You can't find a more helpful student in his class.
【分析】　名词短语the heart of this amazing woman和名词性从句what carried her through a life of hard choices是and连接的并列成分，作介词into的宾语。
what引导名词性从句：
表示“……的东西或事情” 表示“……的人或样子”
表示“……的数量或数目” 表示“……的时间”
表示“……的地方”
16.These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.(教材P16)
林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
【语境感知】
①(2024·浙江高考1月)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's what they'll promote.
如果他们的大多数客户愿意购买更多数量的产品，这就是他们将要推广的。
②The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was ten years ago.
现在我校学生的数量是十年前的10倍。
③The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours.
小女孩吓得说不出话，在那儿站了似乎几个小时。
④In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年，哥伦布到达了现在被称为美洲大陆的地方。
【学会运用】写出下列句子中what表示的含义
①This is what they call Salt Lake City._______________
②He is what is generally called a traitor._________________
③They've done what they can to help her.___________________
……的地方
……的人或样子
……的东西或事情
【学会表达】完成句子
④令莉莉的朋友们困惑的是，为什么她总是有这么多离奇的想法。
___________________________ why she always has so many crazy ideas.
⑤是谁使弗雷德变成现在这个样子的？
Who is it that has made Fred ______________？
⑥这是他们过去对这个老城广场的称呼。
This is ________________________________ in the past.
⑦我们城市的人口现在是五年前的两倍。
The population of our city is now double _______________________．
What puzzles Lily's friends is
what he is now
what they called the old town square
what it was five years ago
对点练习 巩固所学
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义
( )1.principle ( )2.scholarship ( )3.insurance ( )4.union ( )5.passive 　 A．adj. 被动的；顺从的 B．n. 协会；联合会；工会 C．n. 奖学金 D．n. 保险；保险业 E．n. 道德原则；法则；原则 ( )6.tuition fees ( )7.resident physician ( )8.play a key role ( )9.tend to do sth ( )10.carry sb through sth A.起关键作用
B.学费
C.住院医师
D.往往会发生某事
E.帮助某人渡过难关
Ⅰ.匹配词义
E
C
D
B
A
B
C
A
D
E
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．________ vt. 发表(作品)；出版
2．________ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
3．________ n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生
4．____________ n. 学前班；幼儿园
5．________ n. 大部分；大多数
6．________ adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的
7．________ n. 员工；全体职员
8．________ adj. 遥远的
9．__________ n. 诊所；门诊部
10．___________ n. 同事；同僚
publish
precious
physician
kindergarten
majority
sharp
staff
faraway
clinic
colleague
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The traditional view was that ________ (marry) was meant to last.
2．She was very scared of _______________ (reject) by her colleagues.
3．He responded to the challenge ________ determination and hard work.
4．I think I'd prefer something a little less ____________ (energy)．
5．People tend ________ (work) hard at this stage of life.
6．I'm thinking of replacing my old phone ________ the latest smartphone.
7．No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people ________ (turn) to for information.
8．If the ________ (elect) result is close, there will be a second count.
marriage
being rejected
with
energetic
to work
with
turn
election
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．You can rely on him ___________ to the challenge.
2．They ________ the wooden chairs with plastic ones two years ago.
3．The book _____________ with beautiful drawings.
4．I wanted ________ out my house to earn some extra money.
5．She ____________ to focus on her work rather than her personal life recently.
6．The company has been a leader in the industry for ________．
7．Our favourite restaurant was closed, so we had to go ___________.
8．He __________ his children to a faithful friend when he was on business.
to respond
elsewhere, tend, respond, decade, entrust, replace, hire, illustrate
replaced
is illustrated
to hire
has tended
decades
elsewhere
entrusted
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．It was my teacher's encouragement and support that _______________________ (帮助我渡过了难关)．
2．People who exercise regularly ______________________________ (往往有更好的睡眠质量) at night.
3．An employee __________________________ (向我们抱怨) working too much overtime this month.
carried me through difficulty
tend to have better sleep quality
complained to us about
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．这本书并不比上个月我读的那本书无趣。
_______________________________________________________
2．她已经被任命为北京旅游形象大使，为期两年。
_______________________________________________________________
3．实际上，他所拥有的并不是他想要的。
______________________________________________
This book is no less interesting than the one I read last month.
She's been appointed as Beijing's tourism ambassador for two years.
In fact, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted.
课后课时作业（一）
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·浙江省强基联盟高一下期中)Lobb, a 24 year old banker from Toronto, has been sharing everything with his friend, an artificial intelligence engineer Jafri.
One day, the two were __1__ in a lunchtime workout on Pier (码头) 15, overlooking the East River, when Lobb froze. “Somebody's in the water，” he said. __2__ Jafri could respond, he climbed over the rail and jumped into the cold water without any slightest __3__. Seeing this, Jafri also swan dived towards him even without __4__ his shoes.
__5__ the unconscious victim, Lobb saw that it was a big, middle aged man. He was 3 feet __6__ the surface by the time Lobb reached him. The rescuer dove, __7__ the man and kicked upward until they both appeared above the water. With great efforts, the pair __8__ brought him back to Pier 15 where a crowd had gathered.
Both men, extremely __9__ from 20 minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous cuts, watched as rescue workers loaded the nearly drowned man into a(n) __10__ and drove away. They even __11__ learned who he was, what became of him or how he'd fallen into the river.
In place of that knowledge, they have a story they get to tell now, another experience that has further __12__ their bond. Lots of people were on the piers that day, __13__ only the two of them jumped in the water—because, they say, they were the fittest people there and, so, had a moral responsibility.
“If I know I'm __14__，” Lobb says, “why wouldn't I help？”
Jafri __15__， laughing, “People always say, ‘If your friend were in danger, would you reach out to him？’ I think I answered that one.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自多伦多的24岁银行家Lobb (洛布)和人工智能工程师Jafri (加法里)发现有人落水并英勇跳入河中救人的故事。
1．A.chatting B．arguing
C．quarreling D．whispering
2．A.Until B．When
C．Before D．As
解析：chat聊天；argue争论；quarrel吵架；whisper低语。根据上文“has been sharing everything with his friend”可知，两位朋友常常聊天，结合下文“in a lunchtime”和常识可推知，他们在共进午餐时也会聊天。故选A。
解析：until直到；when当……时候；before在……之前；as当……时候，随着。根据下文“he climbed over the rail and jumped into the cold water without any slightest”可知，在Jafri做出反应之前，Lobb就采取了行动。故选C。
3．A.motivation B．difficulty
C．response D．hesitation
4．A.taking off B．holding up
C．putting on D．giving away
解析：motivation动机；difficulty困难；response回应；hesitation犹豫。根据上文“he climbed over the rail and jumped into the cold water”可知，Lobb行动迅速，毫不犹豫地跳进了冰冷的水中。without any slightest hesitation意为“没有丝毫犹豫”。故选D。
解析：take off脱下；hold up举起，支撑；put on穿上；give away赠送。根据下文“his shoes”可推知，Jafri下水时甚至没有脱鞋。故选A。
5．A.Measuring B．Protecting
C．Approaching D．Tapping
6．A.above B．below
C．over D．beside
解析：measure测量；protect保护；approach接近；tap轻敲。根据下文“Lobb saw that it was a big, middle aged man”可知，Lobb靠近落水者，看清了他的体型。故选C。
解析：above在……上方；below在……下方；over在……上方(覆盖)；beside在……旁边。根据下文“they both appeared above the water”可知，Lobb把落水者拉出水面，说明他在被救前已经沉到了水下，此处表示在水下3英尺的地方。故选B。
7．A.beat B．grasped
C．cheered D．hurt
8．A.frequently B．suddenly
C．eventually D．professionally
解析：beat打败；grasp抓住；cheer欢呼；hurt伤害。根据下文“kicked upward until they both appeared above the water”可知，Lobb抓住落水者，把他拉出水面。故选B。
解析：frequently频繁地；suddenly突然地；eventually最终；professionally专业地。根据上文“With great efforts”和下文“brought him back to Pier 15”可知，Lobb和Jafri两人费了很大的劲，最终把落水的人带回码头。故选C。
9．A.tired B．delighted
C．disappointed D．interested
10．A.ship B．helicopter
C．bike D．ambulance
解析：tired疲倦的，累的；delighted高兴的；disappointed失望的；interested感兴趣的。根据下文“from 20 minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous cuts”可知，两人在水里的时间太久且受伤了，所以极度疲惫。故选A。
解析：ship船；helicopter直升机；bike自行车；ambulance救护车。根据下文“drove away”可知，落水的人被送上了救护车。故选D。
11．A.sometimes B．ever
C．never D．still
12．A.tightened B．ruined
C．challenged D．rescued
解析：sometimes有时；ever曾经；never不会，不可能；still仍然。根据上文可知，落水的人被救上岸后就被救护车拉走，所以Lobb和Jafri不知道落水者是谁。故选C。
解析：tighten(使)紧固；ruin破坏；challenge挑战；rescue营救。根据上文内容可知，Lobb和Jafri两位好朋友不顾个人安危，一起拯救了陌生的落水者，结合下文“their bond”可推知，这样的行为加强了他们的友谊。故选A。
13．A.because B．so
C．yet D．plus
14．A.rude B．clever
C．strong D．capable
解析：上文“Lots of people were on the piers”和下文“only the two of them jumped in the water”之间为转折关系，此处指那天码头上有很多人，但只有他们两个人跳进了水里。故选C。
解析：rude粗鲁的；clever聪明的；strong强大的；capable有能力的。根据上文“because, they say, they were the fittest people”可知，他们是最健壮的人，有能力去提供救援。故选D。
15．A.debates B．greets
C．adds D．begs
解析：debate辩论；greet打招呼；add补充说；beg乞求。根据下文“People always say ... answered that one.”可知，此处指Jafri补充说。故选C。
Ⅱ　阅读
(2024·广东省广东实验中学附属江门学校高一下阶段测试)Clara packed her things at the office and went to her boss, “It's been a pleasure working with you, but I'm leaving my job，” she turned and left.
“Why do you get home so early？” asked her sister Sally.
“The Civil War is taking__its__toll__on the Union soldiers. I need to help them.” Sally looked around the room. “I'm going with you.” The two volunteered at a hospital where soldiers received treatment.
After several months, Clara became worried. “Sally, this isn't enough. I need to help the soldiers in the field and on the front lines. I'm leaving in the morning.”
Sally looked surprised. “Clara! You can't. It's too dangerous！”
“The front line soldiers who need help are in greater danger.”
Clara got donations (捐赠物) from wherever she could and used her own savings to buy things that soldiers need. She also organized men to give help, carry water, and prepare food for the wounded.
Months later, Clara finally made it to the front line. The wounded soldiers were so thankful for what she had done; they even named her the Angel of the Battlefield.
After the Civil War ended, Clara went to Europe to rest her body and mind. So many years of helping soldiers and their families had worn her down.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名勇敢的女性Clara (克拉拉)在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，并建立了美国红十字会的故事。
While visiting Switzerland, Clara learned of the Intentional Red Cross. Its aim of helping war victims (受害者) around the world created interest and excitement in Clara. It also encouraged an idea. When she returned home, Clara worked to start an American Red Cross. She even met with President Hayes to discuss it. Finally, on 21 May, 1881, the American Red Cross was formed. A month later, Clara was made president of the organization.
1．What does the underlined phrase “taking its toll on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Calling for.
B．Taking control of.
C．Having a bad effect on.
D．Making an impression on.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“I need to help them.(我需要帮助他们。)”以及第六段(需要帮助的前线士兵处境更危险。)可知，内战给联邦士兵带来了巨大损失，由此可推知，“taking its toll on”意为“对……造成坏影响”。故选C。
2．How did Clara help the soldiers during the Civil War
A．By giving medical care to soldiers.
B．By starting the American Red Cross.
C．By sending supplies to the front line.
D．By encouraging people to join the army.
解析：细节理解题。根据第七段内容可知，内战期间，Clara通过向前线发送物资来帮助士兵。故选C。
3．Which of the following can best describe Clara
A．Kind and smart.
B．Honest and thankful.
C．Strict and narrow minded.
D．Brave and warm hearted.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段以及第六段内容可知，Clara不顾危险，要前往前线帮助士兵；根据第七段内容可知，Clara为士兵们购买需要的东西，为伤员准备食物。由此可推知，她是个勇敢且热心的人。故选D。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To describe how cruel the Civil War was.
B．To tell how the International Red Cross was formed.
C．To explain the role that women played in the war.
D．To introduce an important woman in American history.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一名勇敢的女性Clara在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，最后建立了美国红十字会的故事。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一位美国历史上重要的女性。故选D。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·广东省六校联考高一下期中) The Analects of Confucius (《论语》) records the words and deeds of the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius, __1__ (write) somewhere between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2，000 years ago. __2__ highlights the political and moral ideas of Confucius and Confucianism.
Ren is a core concept in the book adopted by Confucius with original meaning of loving others. __3__ (represent) a high moral standard, it includes all virtues. Confucius stresses that self discipline is __4__ must for practicing the rules of propriety (礼) and achieving ren.
Society has developed greatly and huge changes __5__ (occur) as well after the birth of the Analects of Confucius. Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of __6__ are still relevant today. For example, Confucius analyzes the relationship between learning and thinking by saying that learning without thinking leads to __7__ (confuse) while thinking without learning ends in puzzlement. Besides, the Analects of Confucius also vividly shows the __8__ (image) of Confucius's students. Zi Lu is straightforward. Zi Gong is smart, and Yan Hui is mild and capable. Confucius insists on treating students __9__ individuals to achieve full potential, which is consistent with some of the modern educational thoughts.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了儒家经典作品《论语》的主要内容，及其在今天依然适用的思想理念。
The Analects of Confucius is a fine example of world literature, and the publication of its versions in various languages will __10__ (far) enhance cultural exchanges between China and the world.
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
1．答案：written
2．答案：It
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：《论语》记载了中国古代哲学家孔子的言行，成书于2，000多年前的春秋战国时期。句中已有谓语动词records，设空处应用非谓语动词，write和主语The Analects of Confucius之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填written。
解析：考查代词。设空处缺少主语，代指The Analects of Confucius，应用it，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填It。
3．答案：Representing
4．答案：a
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它代表着崇高的道德标准，包括所有的美德。句中已有谓语动词includes，设空处应用非谓语动词，represent和主语it之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Representing。
解析：考查冠词。句意：孔子强调自律是行礼成仁的必要条件。设空处泛指“一个必要条件”，应用不定冠词，且must的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
5．答案：have occurred
6．答案：which
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。and连接两个并列的分句，设空处作第二个分句的谓语，结合第一个分句Society has developed greatly可知，设空处应用现在完成时，且主语huge changes为复数，助动词应用have。故填have occurred。
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词ideas，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
7．答案：confusion
8．答案：images
解析：考查词性转换。句意：例如，孔子分析学与思的关系说，学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。介词to后接不可数名词confusion作宾语。故填confusion。
解析：考查名词。句意：此外，《论语》也生动地展示了孔子的学生的形象。根据Confucius's students可知，此处应用名词复数images作宾语。故填images。
解析：考查介词。句意：孔子坚持把学生看作个体，以充分发挥学生的潜能，这与现代一些教育思想是一致的。固定短语treat sb as意为“将某人看作”。故填as。
解析：考查词性转换。句意：《论语》是世界文学的典范，多种语言版本的出版将进一步促进中国与世界的文化交流。设空处修饰动词enhance，应用副词。further意为“进一步”。故填further。
9．答案：as
10．答案：further
(2024·广东省惠州市高一下期末)It was a Sunday. I was helping my brother move from a teaching job. We were in the middle of nowhere in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan when my truck—just died without any warning. Neither of us knew very much about trucks. Soon, a man from the house in front of which we broke down came out, took one look at the engine and said, “The timing belt doesn't work.”
精深阅读
We inquired about the closest garage and realized that it would be an expensive repair. This man, though, took a look at the situation—two broke kids in their early 20s just trying to get by in life and he said, “Well, it's Sunday. Nothing's gonna be open. I was once a repairman. Let's push the truck down to my driveway and see what we can do.”
So that was exactly what we did. He made some calls to get the needed parts. While the truck got fixed, this man's son, a kid of about 9 or 10, was hanging around. There were no kids nearby his age, and he was eager for any kind of interaction, even with two guys in their 20s. He said, “Want to see my tree house？”， pointing to the woods out back. My brother and I looked at each other, shrugged, and replied, “Sure.”
We ended up spending two hours with this kid, helping him build his tree house. When we were done, we went back to the house and the truck was all fixed. My brother and I had maybe $60 in cash on us and tried to pay the man but he refused, “No, You don't need to pay me. The next time you see someone in need of help and you have the means, I want you to repay this favor. Plus, you kept my son occupied for several hours, which I truly appreciate.”
And that__ is one of the rules of life I live by, taught to me by a generous man in the middle of nowhere who helped me out when I was in a time of need.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在帮助哥哥搬家的途中，卡车抛锚，在一位好心人的帮助下修好卡车，并与其子互动的经历。
1．What happened to the brothers
A．They were out of jobs.
B．They lost their way home.
C．They were trapped in the truck.
D．They experienced vehicle failure.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We were in the middle ... without any warning.(当我的卡车毫无预兆地突然抛锚时，我们正身处密歇根州上半岛的荒郊野外。)”可知，兄弟俩在搬家途中遭遇了卡车抛锚的困境，即他们遭遇了车辆故障。故选D。
2．Why did the man offer help to the brothers
A．To make extra money.
B．To find company for his son.
C．To show his repair skills.
D．To pull them out of dilemma.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，这位男士提供帮助主要是出于好心想要帮助处于困境中的兄弟两人。故选D。
3．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Fixing trucks for free.
B．Paying kindness forward.
C．Spending time with children.
D．Meeting people in need of help.
解析：指代判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The next time you see someone in need of help ... to repay this favor.”可知，男士告诉作者在别人需要帮助的时候，如果作者有能力，就去回报这份善意，这成为作者的生活准则。that指代上文提到的“回报善意”。故选B。
4．Which words can best describe the man
A．Skillful and diligent.
B．Considerate and strict.
C．Warmhearted and caring.
D．Devoted and humorous.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This man ... see what we can do.’”可推知，这位男士是热心肠的；根据倒数第二段中的“No, You don't need to pay me ... I want you to repay this favor.”可知，这位男士在看到作者和哥哥遭遇困境时，主动提出帮忙修车，并且拒绝了作者的付款，只希望他们在有能力的时候能帮助别人。由此可推知，这位男士是有爱心的。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．inquire v. ________________
2．___________ n. 修理工
3．fix v. ________________
4．plus adv. _________
5．____________ adj. 忙于……的，从事……的
询问；打听
repairman
修理；确定
此外
occupied
(二)高频短语
6．_____________ (机器或车辆)发生故障
7．hang around _________
8．________________ 最终做某事
9．________ 以现金形式；有现钱
10．in need of help ________________
break down
闲逛
end up doing sth
in cash
需要帮助
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．The more __________ (interact) the robot has with humans, the more it learns.
12．He is fully __________ (occupy) looking after three small children.
13．We ended up ________ (stay) at the beach all day because the weather was so nice.
interaction
occupied
staying
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．We can fix the ship's exact position at the time the fire broke out. ___________
15．The training program really worked for me; I feel much stronger now._________________
16．My car died without any warning on the highway, leaving me alone in the middle of nowhere.____________
确定
有效，起作用
熄火
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．If you intend to enquire about our product, please contact with our marketing. ___________
18．The broken window in my room was repaired by the maintenance team this morning. ________
19．The steak dinner was dearer than the pizza, but it was also much more delicious.__________________
inquire
fixed
more expensive
expensive， inquire， fix
(六)长难句分析
20．And that is one of the rules of life I live by, taught to me by a generous man in the middle of nowhere who helped me out when I was in a time of need.
句意：那是我所遵循的生活准则之一，是一位在我需要帮助时，在偏远地区帮助我的慷慨之人教给我的。
分析：主干是____________________________；who引导________从句，修饰先行词a generous man；when引导____________从句。
that is one of the rules of life
定语
时间状语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．He used to ____________ (闲逛) the harbour with some other boys.
22．Playing games and having fun is _____________ (我们所做的) at the party.
(八)仿写句子
23．Plus, you kept my son occupied for several hours, which I truly appreciate.(非限制性定语从句)
仿写：她买了一辆新车，这让大家都很惊讶。
___________________________________________________
hang around
She bought a new car, which was a surprise to everyone.
what we did
课后课时作业（二）
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·湖南省株洲市渌口区第五中学高一下期末)
STINSON BEACH CLEAN UP PROJECT
Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer! Warmer weather and handfuls of holidays bring more people out to the beach which sometimes means more garbage too; join us once per month to clear litter and maintain the beauty there.
When: One Friday a month between May and September. 10：00 am－1：00 pm.
Where: Stinson Beach parking lot.
Supplies: We invite volunteers to bring their own reusable supplies! Limit waste by bringing your own bag or bucket and gloves if possible—but don't worry if you don't—we'll have some supplies on site for you to use.
　Group entry: Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
Age, Skills, What to bring:
Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一则招募志愿者清理Stinson海滩的招募启事，具体介绍了清理工作的时间、地点以及对志愿者的要求等。
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear (雨具).
Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed toe shoes are required.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements.
1．What is the aim of the project
A．To attract the tourists.
B．To beautify the beach.
C．To provide trip study.
D．To conduct a research.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Help us keep Stinson Beach clean this summer！(今年夏天，请帮助我们保持Stinson海滩的清洁！)”可知，项目的目标是美化海滩。故选B。
2．What is required for volunteers under 18
A．Fine weather. B．Rich experience.
C．School uniform. D．Parent permission.
解析：细节理解题。根据Age, Skills, What to bring部分中的“Volunteers under 18 must have the parent approval section signed.”可知，18岁以下的志愿者需要家长许可。故选D。
3．What does the project provide for volunteers
A．Training. B．Long pants.
C．Rain gear. D．Water bottles.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Training and tools will be provided.”可知，该项目为志愿者提供培训。故选A。
B
(2024·重庆市清华中学高一下期末)“Mommy！” I called over my shoulder. “Grace is here！” Our neighbor, Grace, stood on our front door holding a cardboard box.
It took Mom a few minutes to get to the front door. At forty two, her health wasn't good. She smiled at our next door neighbor. “Come in and have a cup of coffee.” “I can't stay, Nancy，” Grace answered. “I just thought you all might be able to use some of this food. We get more at those giveaways than we can use.” I felt relieved that Grace couldn't stay. She was friendly enough, but she and her husband drank a lot and they were given to loud arguments late at night. Sometimes, the police had to come and break up the fights. I was a little frightened of them. Grace placed the box on the kitchen table. Mom, who was not the sentimental type, got tears in her eyes. “Grace! We can't take this.”
Dad wandered in from the bedroom where he had been napping. He wasn't dealing very well with the unemployment at the processing plant. “We don't accept charity，” he said. “Now, Jim，” said Grace, “this is no time for your pride. You have two little girls and a sick wife to think of. This isn't charity. It's one neighbor helping another.” I stood a little distance from the grownups, looking into each of their faces, wondering what was going to happen next. “I thank you kindly，” Dad said at last.
When she was gone, we examined the contents of the box. It wasn't what we were used to. Mom smiled and said, “This will get us through for a couple of weeks.” The gesture from Grace confused me because she wasn't family, or close friends with us. Even though I didn't like most of the food in that box, I knew there was something significant about this woman's generosity. She didn't have much to give, but she gave what she had at a time when our family needed help.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家在困难时期收到了邻居送来的食物帮助，尽管父亲不愿意接受，但邻居的慷慨无私最终感动了他们。
4．Why did Grace come to pay a visit to the family
A．She delivered the leftovers to the family.
B．She brought food to the neighbor in need.
C．She apologized for making noises late at night.
D．She wanted to change the impression made on neighbors.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Grace (格蕾斯)所说的话“I just thought you ... we can use. (我只是想你们可能用得上这些食物。我们在那些赠品活动中得到的食物比我们能用的多。)”可知，Grace的来访是想给作者一家提供一些食物。故选B。
5．What do we know about the writer's family
A．It went through a huge loss.
B．It struggled against a great change.
C．It experienced pressure of life survival.
D．It was talked about in the neighbourhood.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At forty two, her health wasn't good. (42岁时，她的健康状况不佳。)”，第三段中的“Dad wandered in ... at the processing plant. (爸爸从他午睡的卧室里走了进来。他没有很好地处理加工厂的失业问题。)”以及最后一段中的“Mom smiled and said, ‘This will get us through for a couple of weeks.’(妈妈笑着说：‘这些食物够我们过几个星期了。’)”可推知，这个家庭正在经历生存压力。故选C。
6．Which of the following best describes Grace
A．Generous and anxious.
B．Kind and grateful.
C．Friendly and curious.
D．Warmhearted and considerate.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I just thought ... than we can use.”以及第三段中Grace说的话“this is no time ... neighbor helping another (现在不是你骄傲的时候。你有两个小女儿和生病的妻子要考虑。这不是慈善。这是邻居间的互相帮助)”可知，Grace在看到邻居有困难时，无私地送来了食物，而且还劝说Jim (吉姆)不要客气。由此可推知，她是一个热心且为他人着想的人。故选D。
7．What is the text mainly about
A．A neighbor's helping hand.
B．The friendship between two families.
C．A struggling family seeking hope.
D．Food sharing in the neighborhood.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者的家庭在困难时期收到了邻居送来的食物，尽管父亲不愿意接受，但邻居的慷慨无私最终感动了他们。A项(邻居的援助之手。)概括文章的主要内容。故选A。
Ⅱ　读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·山东省烟台市高一下期末)36 year old Mary was a single mother living in a small town in Cleveland, Ohio with her 3 year old twin sons, Jack and James. She worked hard to provide for her children, doing a few part time jobs to make ends meet. In spite of the challenges, Mary managed to give them a happy and stable childhood.
One Saturday morning, Mary was at home with her children, preparing breakfast for them. Jack was beside her while James was playing alone in the bedroom next to the kitchen. It was a typical weekend, filled with laughter and warmth. Little did they know something unexpected was just around the corner.
As Mary was busy with the food, a fire broke out in the kitchen. Panicked, Mary took hold of Jack and rushed towards the front door. They made it to safety only to find James remained stuck inside. Mary put Jack down and turned back to get James out, but in such a hurry and panic, she missed a step and fell on the ground. Her right ankle got sprained so seriously that she couldn't stand up. Mary sat on the ground helplessly, her tears mixed with screams, “My kid is still in the house. Somebody, help me！”
At that very moment, Simon, 52, a former army soldier in the same community as Mary, happened to pass her house and saw the terrible scene. He immediately ran across the yard to ask the crying mother where her kid exactly was. In a shaking voice, Mary responded, “In the bedroom next to the kitchen.” The fire spread quickly and the house was filled with thick smoke. Simon looked around and saw a blanket hanging beside a pool full of water in the middle of the yard.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Without hesitation, Simon took action.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Simon rushed out of the burning house with James in his arms. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了36岁的单身母亲Mary (玛丽)有一对双胞胎儿子Jack (杰克)和James (詹姆斯)。一天， 厨房里突然着火了，Mary惊慌失措，抱住Jack冲出前门。他们到达安全地带后却发现James被困在里面。这时Simon (西蒙) 碰巧经过她的房子，他会怎样把James 安全救出呢？Simon 的勇敢行为会对大家有什么影响呢？
[精彩范文]
Without hesitation, Simon took action. Dipping the blanket in the water pool and covering his head with it for necessary protection, he rushed into the house. Unable to see things clearly through the smoke and fire, Simon lowered himself to the ground, stretched his hands and felt his way forward until he reached the bedroom. Just then, a faint voice of a child caught his attention. Following the sound, he finally found James lying in a corner, frightened and helpless. He grabbed James, wrapped him in the blanket and made his way back towards the open door.
Simon rushed out of the burning house with James in his arms. Seeing James carried to safety, Mary breathed a sigh of relief. At that moment, firefighters arrived at the scene and put out the fire. Then Simon, Mary and her children were all sent to a nearby hospital, where they received timely medical care. Simon's heroic act saved James' life. Mary couldn't thank him enough for his selflessness and bravery. But Simon said smilingly, “It was no big deal. I just did what I was supposed to do.” This experience brought the community closer, and Simon's courageous act inspired others to consider what they would do in similar situations.
精深阅读
(2024·安徽省安庆市高一下期末)Hale, president of Granite Telecommunications, was onstage during Thursday's rainy graduation ceremony to accept the medal for his support for the university. In his brief speech, he praised students for their hard work, and, drawing from his own early experiences, encouraged them not to let failure defeat them. Later, just as the headmaster was about to start awarding degrees to graduates, Hale gently pushed him aside, saying he wanted to celebrate the graduates by giving them $1，000 each. Students appeared from under their umbrellas, erupting in loud cheers and applause. It went on for nearly a minute before Hale could cut back in.
“Listen, there's a rule，” he said. “The first $500 is our gift to you. The second $500 is for you to do charity, giving to somebody else in need or another organization who could use it more than you.” As he spoke, two big bags were carried onstage. They were filled with 3，000 envelopes, which he said were decorated by students at two local elementary schools, and marked either “gift” or “give”．
It was time for students to walk across the stage. One at a time, wearing raincoats and big smiles, they accepted their diplomas and their pair of envelopes.
“These are kids who are working their tails off to be there，” he recalled. “They could certainly use the gift.” The 57 year old man put much of his wealth—over $270 million—toward charitable causes, including cancer research and educational institutions.
“Some of the most joyous times have been when I've had the chance to share，” Hale explained. “If there's a way that I could create that seed within another generation where they would get to experience the joy of giving then maybe that becomes something that they would make an effort to do and be accustomed to doing and make us all a little bit better along the way.” He has learned that one of graduates gave her money to a local charity that provides holiday gifts for poor children. She herself had been a receiver years ago.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Granite Telecommunications公司的总裁Hale (黑尔)在大学毕业典礼上，为毕业生们每人赠送了1，000美元，并鼓励他们将500美元用于慈善事业，帮助其他需要的人或组织。他希望通过这种方式让他们体验给予的快乐，使社会变得更加美好。
1．How did the students feel upon hearing what Hale said in Paragraph 1
A．Calm. B．Overjoyed.
C．Embarrassed. D．Curious.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Students appeared from under their umbrellas, erupting in loud cheers and applause. (学生们从伞下出现，爆发出巨大的欢呼声和掌声。)”可推知，学生们听到Hale的话欣喜若狂。故选B。
2．How could the students deal with the money marked “give” according to the rule
A．Use it to travel with friends.
B．Spend it on learning materials.
C．Pay it for gifts for their teachers.
D．Donate it for meaningful purposes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The second $500 is for you to do charity ... who could use it more than you.(第二笔500美元是给你做慈善的，捐给其他有需要的人或另一个比你更需要它的组织。)”和“They were filled with 3，000 envelopes ... and marked either ‘gift’ or ‘give’．(里边有3，000个信封，他说这些信封由两所当地的小学生装饰，标有‘gift’和‘give’。)”可知，学生可以将标有“give”的钱用于有意义的目的的捐赠。故选D。
3．What did Hale mean when mentioning students could use the gift
A．They had good luck to be there.
B．They needn't work hard any more.
C．They were good enough for the gift.
D．They were too young to use the gift.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“These are kids ... use the gift.(‘这些都是努力奋斗站在这里的孩子，’他回忆说。‘他们当然可以使用这份礼物。’)”可推知，Hale想说明学生们足够好配得上这份礼物。故选C。
4．What is the significance of Hale's practice
A．Paying kindness forward.
B．Promoting teaching effectiveness.
C．Driving the world forward significantly.
D．Strengthening interpersonal connections.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If there's a way ... make us all a little bit better along the way.(如果我可以创造一种方式在另一代人心里播种种子，使他们体验给予的快乐，那么也许那会变成某种他们会尽力去做并且习惯去做的事情，而且让我们在前进的道路上变得更好。)”和“He has learned that ... She herself had been a receiver years ago.(他了解到，一位毕业生将她的钱捐给了一家为贫困儿童提供假期礼物的当地慈善机构。她自己几年前就当过接收者。)”可推知，Hale做法的意义在于将善举继续传递。故选A。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．onstage adj. ___________________
2．________ adj. 短暂的；简短的
3．________ n. 失败；失败的人(或企业、事物)
4．erupt v. ________________
5．joyous adj. ________________
舞台上的；表演的
brief
failure
爆发；喷发
快乐的；高兴的
(二)高频短语
6．________________ 为某事表扬某人
7．push sb aside ________________
8．________________ 出现于；从……中出现
9．cut in ____________________
10．work one's tail(s) off ________________
praise sb for sth
把某人推到一边
appear from
打断(谈话)；插嘴
努力奋斗
(三)根据