英语 必修 第三册 RJ
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
2．moral dilemma 道德困境
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意
2．dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境
3．faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
一、发音规则
英语中的升调是一种语音现象，它可以用来表示说话人对所说的内容不肯定、疑问、惊讶、怀疑、犹豫、不自信等情绪，还可以表示礼貌、请求、建议等。最常见的使用升调的情况有：
1．用于一般疑问句，例如：Are you ↗coming
2．用于疑问句中表达强烈的惊讶或难以置信的情绪，例如：↗What You lost my ↗ticket
3．用于选择疑问句的前半部分(即or之前的选项)，例如：Would you like↗ tea or↘ coffee
4．用于反意疑问句的后半部分，表示不确定的态度或征求对方的看法， 例如：You don't want ↘coffee, ↗do you
5．用于呼唤对方，例如：↗Sir, you dropped your key.
6．用于列举事物，例如：↗One, ↗two, ↗three, ↗four, ↘five.
7．用于委婉的祈使句，例如：Wait a ↗moment.
二、用↗(升调)、↘(降调)标出下列句子中的升降调
1．Her moral sense let her made a (↘) decision.
2．Will you do so if you were in a situation like (↗) this
3．She bought (↗) bread, (↗) milk and (↘) tomatoes.
4．Do you speak (↗) English or (↘) French
5．How kind the children (↘) are!
6．Sit down, (↘) please.
7．You are a (↗) policeman
8．(↗) Pardon
三、用↗(升调)、↘(降调)标出下列对话中黑体部分的升降调
Amy：Hey, (1. ↗) John! What are you doing this weekend
John：Oh, I'm planning to go hiking. (2.↘) How about you
Amy：Hiking (3.↗) Really
John：Yeah, I've never been hiking before, so I thought it would be fun. (4. ↗) Don't you think so
Amy：Well, I do think it's a great idea, but I'm not sure if I have time. (5. ↗) You know, (6. ↘) I have a lot of work to catch up on.
John：(7. ↘) Oh, I see. But come on, you need to relax sometimes, too. (8. ↗) What if we make it a short hike
Amy：Hmm, that sounds better. (9. ↘) Let me check my schedule first.
John：Okay, sure. (10. ↗) Just let me know as soon as you can, okay
Amy：Okay, (11. ↘) I will.
探究一 热词
高频词
1.moral adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意(教材P13)
morally adv. 道德上 moral sense 道德感 moral values 道德价值观 moral behaviour 道德行为 moral character 道德品质 moral standards 道德标准
【语境感知】
①What you did wasn't illegal, but it was morally wrong.
你的行为不违法，但在道德上是错误的。
②Man is gifted with a moral sense by which he distinguishes good from evil.
人天生具有一种道德感，通过这种道德感他可以分辨善与恶。
③I think you can run a business to the highest moral standards.
我认为你可以按照最高的道德标准经营企业。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He felt morally (moral) responsible for the accident.
②My sister came along just to give me some moral (morally) support.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她的道德感让她做了一个决定。
Her__moral__sense__let__her__make__a__decision.
2.dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境(教材P14)
in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地 be faced with a dilemma 面临左右为难的困境 place sb in a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地 on the horns of a dilemma 进退两难；进退维谷 moral dilemma 道德困境
【语境感知】
①I think they will gradually be caught in a dilemma in the future.
我认为他们在未来将会逐渐陷入进退两难的境地。
②He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not to return to his country.
要不要回国，令他左右为难。
③This placed him in a dilemma.
这让他陷入了两难境地。
④I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.
这件事使我进退两难。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Many moms were faced with the dilemma about whether they should go back to work or not.
②The doctor was in a dilemma whether he should tell the parents the truth.
③When you are on the horns of a dilemma, no matter which horn you choose, something bad will happen.
【学会表达】完成句子
④面临道德困境，他不知道要做什么。
Faced__with__the__moral__dilemma,__he didn't know what to do.
3.faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的(教材P14)
faint away 昏倒；消失 be faint from/with 因……而昏倒
【语境感知】
①She took one look at the hypodermic needle and fainted away.
她看了一眼皮下注射针就晕了过去。
②She was faint from exhaustion after running the marathon.
跑完马拉松后，她因疲惫而昏倒。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Exhausted from days of walking, he fainted away by a river in India.
②I didn't eat anything today and feel faint from/with hunger now.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她的病还有一点点希望可以治愈。
There__is__still__a__faint__hope__that__she__may__be__cured.
探究二 长难句分析
4.A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.(教材P14) 道德困境是指你需要做出两个或更多困难选择的情况。
【分析】 本句是一个复合句。in which ... to make是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句： 定语从句中的介词有时可置于关系代词之前，构成“介词＋关系代词”结构。关系代词通常是which和whom，which指物，whom指人 介词的确定方法。一看介词与先行词的搭配关系，二看从句的谓语动词与介词的搭配关系，三看定语从句的意义 若定语从句中的短语为固定搭配，则介词不能置于关系代词之前。如：look for, look after, take care of
【语境感知】
①History informs us of past mistakes from which we can learn without repeating them.
＝History informs us of past mistakes (that/which) we can learn from without repeating them.
历史告诉我们，我们可以从过去的错误中吸取教训，而不会重蹈覆辙。
②One writer in whom I had taken an interest was Immanuel Velikovsky.
＝One writer (that/who/whom) I had taken an interest in was Immanuel Velikovsky.
我感兴趣的一位作家是伊曼纽尔·维利科夫斯基。
③She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden of which they had taken care together.
＝She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden (that/which) they had taken care of together.
她会意地笑了，看着他们一起打理的花园。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There is no reason for which we shouldn't be friends.
②This is the man to whom I referred.
③I will never forget the day on which we studied together.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④这是一个我们讨论过很多的课题。
This__is__a__subject__about__which__we__have__talked__a__lot.
⑤他们来到一处农舍，农舍前面坐着一个小男孩。
They__arrived__at__a__farmhouse,__in__front__of__which__sat__a__small__boy.
5.Did you hear that James helped an old woman who fell down while crossing the street？(教材P15) 你听说詹姆斯帮助一个过马路时摔倒的老太太了吗？
【分析】 本句是一个复合句。that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中，who fell down while crossing the street是定语从句，修饰先行词an old woman；其中while crossing the street是时间状语从句的省略，补充完整应为while she was crossing the street。 当时间、条件等状语从句的主语为it，或者从句与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词常一起省略 当从句的谓语动词与主句主语之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；为被动关系时，用过去分词
【语境感知】
①(2024·全国甲卷)Eat with others whenever (it is) possible.
尽可能和别人一起吃饭。
②Although (it was) exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
虽然很累，但它给了我活力、热情和幸福。
③When (you are) eating a whole cooked fish, you should never turn it over to get at the flesh on the other side.
当你吃一整条鱼时，千万不要把它翻过来吃另一边的肉。
④Scientists have collected more data than (it has been) expected.
科学家们已经收集到了比预期更多的数据。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Before leaving (leave)，turn off all the lights.
②When completed (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
③Even if invited (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
【学会表达】完成句子
④当你在攀岩时，你需要保持非常专注。
While__rock climbing,__you need to remain very focused.
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义
(D)1.dilemma (C)2.faint (E)3.moral (A)4.virtue (B)5.admire A．n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 B．v. 钦佩，仰慕 C．vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的 D．n. 进退两难的境地；困境 E．adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意 (C)6.entrance examination (E)7.moral dilemma (A)8.be eager to do sth (D)9.ask for confirmation (B)10.fall down A．渴望做某事 B．摔倒 C．入学考试 D．要求确认 E．道德困境
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
2．dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境
3．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意
4．virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
5．gloomy adj. 沮丧的，悲观的
6．doubt v. 怀疑；不相信
7．shelter n. 居所，住处
8．confirmation n. 确认，确定
9．carefully adv. 小心地，仔细地
10．confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I doubt whether/if he will be able to finish the project on time.
2．This is the bookshop from which I bought the book.
3．It's morally (moral) wrong to lie to someone, even if it's to avoid hurting their feelings.
4．You must pay attention to the traffic signals when driving (drive) to ensure safety.
5．She was in a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job.
6．If I were (be) a millionaire, I would travel around the world.
7．As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to__explore (explore).
8．While watching (watch) the match, he tried to absorb what he was seeing.
Ⅳ.选词填空
fall, examine, virtue, choose, admire, cross, confuse, gloom
1．Once upon a time, a young man came across a spring of clear water while crossing the desert.
2．Among his many virtues are generosity, courage and loyalty.
3．I don't agree with her, but I admire her for sticking to her principles.
4．I'm sure we will find a wide variety of choices available in school cafeterias.
5．He looked confused when I asked him about the project.
6．All students without exception must take the English examination．
7．The forest was dark and gloomy,__with thick trees blocking out the sunlight.
8．An old man fell down on the street and couldn't get up, so we quickly ran up to help him.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．She was__faced__with__a__moral__dilemma (面临着道德困境) when she had to choose between telling the truth and protecting her friend's feelings.
2．He was horrified when he discovered the__conditions__in__which__they__lived (他们的生活状况).
3．He became aware of the__soft,__faint__sounds__of__water__dripping (轻柔、微弱的滴水声)．
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．她因受打击而昏厥过去。
She__just__fainted__away__from__the__shock.
2．我想知道她是如何在这么短的时间内完成任务的。
I__wondered__how__she__managed__to__finish__the__task__in__such__a__short__time.
3．你在这样的情况下会怎么做呢？
What__would__you__do__if__you__were__in__a__situation__like__this
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·山西省太原市高一下期末)In the heart of California's Berkeley community, one familiar face has stood as a guide of safety and kindness for nearly twenty years.
Alice Kay Tolbert has said farewell (告别) to her post as a crossing guard at the crossroads of Keoncrest Drive and Rose Street. Her retirement has drawn an outpouring of love and gratitude from the community she served tirelessly.
Rain or shine, Miss Alice faithfully guided children safely across the busy streets, ensuring not a single child was injured under her watchful eye. But her impact stretched beyond mere safety measures. Miss Alice became a cherished figure for her warmth, positivity, and devotion to the well being of every child she encountered.
On her final day, the community came together in a heartwarming display of appreciation. Parents and children, both past and present, gathered with balloons and handmade signs to celebrate Miss Alice's remarkable service. Even older students, who hadn't needed her assistance for years, returned to express their gratitude and bid her farewell.
Penelope Piper Soto, a young student touched by Miss Alice's kindness, shared memories of her crossing roads: “She'll always high five me in the morning when I walk to school, and always say hello, and she always has a smile on her face. Once when I was little, I admired her necklace, and it was really pretty ... and she gave me the gem (宝石) that was on the necklace.”
Such memories highlight the significant impact Miss Alice had on the lives of those she encountered daily. Her small acts of kindness, whether a comforting smile or a shared stuff, left an unforgettable mark on the hearts of Berkeley's residents.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在加州伯克利社区，Alice Kay Tolbert (爱丽丝·凯·托尔伯特)作为交通指挥员近二十年，深受社区居民爱戴。她退休时，社区居民纷纷表达感激之情。
1．Which of the following did Miss Alice do for the children in the community
A．She was invited to teach traffic rules.
B．She gave first aid to the injured children.
C．She ensured their safety and cheered them up.
D．She gifted them with balloons and handicrafts.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Rain or shine ... she encountered.(无论是晴天还是雨天，Alice女士都忠实地引导孩子们安全穿过繁忙的街道，确保没有一个孩子在她细心的照顾下受伤。但她的影响不仅仅局限于安全措施。Alice女士因为她对每个遇到的孩子所表现出的温暖、积极和奉献而成为了一个受人喜爱的形象。)”可知，Alice确保孩子们的安全，并且带给他们快乐。故选C。
2．What does Penelope's story show about Alice Kay Tolbert
A．Her sense of responsibility.
B．Her kindness and generosity.
C．Her professionalism as a guard.
D．Her popularity with strangers.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Penelope Piper Soto ... on the necklace.(Penelope Piper Soto (佩内洛普·派珀·索托)是一位被Alice女士的善举感动的年轻学生，她分享了过马路的回忆：‘当我走路上学时，她总是在早上和我击掌，总是向我问好，而且她总是面带微笑。我小时候有一次很羡慕她的项链，真的很漂亮……然后她把项链上的宝石送给了我。’)”可推知，Penelope的故事展示了Alice Kay Tolbert的善良和慷慨。故选B。
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Alice Kay: A Respected Policewoman
B．Berkeley Community: A Circle with Safety and Love
C．From Streets to Hearts: An Adventurous Life of Alice Kay
D．A Farewell to the Angel on Streets: Berkeley's Beloved Crossing Guard Retires
答案：D
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了在伯克利社区深受爱戴的交通指挥员Alice Kay Tolbert退休时，社区居民向她表达感激的故事。D项(向街上的天使告别：伯克利深受爱戴的交通指挥员退休)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
B
(2024·福建省莆田第一中学高一下期中)Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor”， the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one's mind by telling all one's heart”. While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel.
I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain climbing trip with my 15 year old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn't breathe properly.
Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak.
“You know，” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started. But with practice and proper pace, you'll get there too.”
“Yeah, don't let your lack of experience stop you，” the other added. “It's okay to admit when you're struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it's important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That's how we improve and grow.”
Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.
I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it's okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I've come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿在登山过程中遇到困难时，两位学生对他们的帮助和鼓励，以及他们的勇气对作者和团队产生的影响。
4．Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage
A．To question the common belief of courage.
B．To argue for the true nature of courage.
C．To show the changing meaning of courage.
D．To compare different interpretations of courage.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In the beginning ... how we feel.(在开始，勇气意味着‘说出自己的想法，表达自己的心声’。虽然现在勇气常常与英雄主义联系在一起，但我相信真正的勇气在于对我们是谁和我们的感受持开放和诚实的态度。)”可推知，作者提到勇气的原始含义是为了论证勇气的本质。故选B。
5．What did the two students suggest the daughter do
A．Keep to a suitable pace.
B．Seek help whenever possible.
C．Challenge her own limits.
D．Stick with experienced climbers.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It's okay to ... improve and grow.(当你遇到困难或感觉不好时，承认是没有关系的。事实上，当你需要帮助时，大声说出来并寻求帮助是很重要的。这就是我们进步和成长的方式。)”可知，两位学生建议作者的女儿在需要时寻求帮助。故选B。
6．Which action in the mountain climbing story is an example of true courage
A．The mother asked the girl to rest.
B．The girl tried hard not to fall behind.
C．The two students pointed out the group's fault.
D．The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I believe true ... how we feel”可知，真正的勇气是说出自己的想法，以及倒数第二段中的“However, the two students ... in tough environments. (然而，这两名学生直接向正在庆祝的团队发表讲话，强调在艰难的环境中团结一致的重要性。)”可推知，两位学生说出自己的想法，指出团队的错误是真正的勇气的体现。故选C。
7．What does the author intend to tell us
A．Kindness connects us all.
B．Being a beginner takes courage.
C．We don't have to be a hero to be brave.
D．With courage, everyone can be perfect.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“While courage is ... how we feel.”可推知，作者想要告诉我们，不一定要成为英雄才能勇敢，勇于说出自己的想法和感受才是真正的勇敢。故选C。
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·江苏省溧阳市高一下期末)Ethics (道德规范) are concerned with people's moral actions. One type of ethics is school ethics. __1__ They include students, teachers and administrators. Ethics designed for each of these groups are usually created within the institution, through professional organizations, or by both.
School ethics provide ethical standards people are expected to follow in relation to working with others and in the decision making process. Ethics also bring consequences to those who don't follow school ethics. These moral rules are significant. __2__ Moreover, they encourage people to support each other and support the school with some special requirements designed for them.
__3__ Particularly, students must respect their peers, teachers and administrators. Additionally, school ethics require students to respect their institutions which they're admitted into. One of the most significant factors concerning students and ethics in schools is plagiarism (剽窃)—students are required to hand in work that is uniquely their own and be prepared to suffer consequences if it is not.
Teachers and administrators are ethically guided through professional and institutional ethical codes. They typically are required to create a learning environment that promotes high ethical standards for students through modeling and instruction. Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment. __4__
Educators are also required to show high ethical standards in their communication with parents, peers, students, etc. Building trust is an essential part of these interactions. Teachers and administrators are ethically expected to maintain their professional training and to present themselves as representatives of the school in an ethical manner. __5__ But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.
A．Besides, the rules can be interesting.
B．Why should students follow the ethics
C．What are school ethics' requirements for students
D．To strictly follow all the ethics can be challenging.
E．They help create an atmosphere of trust, honesty, etc.
F．Generally, such ethics apply to all people in a school.
G．Thus, all students can have equal educational chances to achieve success.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学校道德规范的重要性。
1．答案：F
解析：下文“They include students, teachers and administrators.(他们包括学生、教师和行政人员。)”具体说明了道德规范适用的人群。F项(一般来说，这种道德规范适用于学校里的所有人。)引出下文。故选F。
2．答案：E
解析：根据上文“These moral rules are significant.(这些道德准则意义重大。)”和下文“Moreover, they encourage ... designed for them.(此外，它们鼓励人们相互支持，并为他们设计一些特殊的要求来支持学校。)”可知，E项(它们有助于创造一种信任、诚实等的氛围。)承上启下。故选E。
3．答案：C
解析：设空处位于句首，为段落主旨句。根据下文“Particularly, students must respect ... they're admitted into.(特别是，学生必须尊重他们的同龄人、老师和行政人员。此外，学校道德要求学生尊重录取他们的机构。)”可知，本段主要说明道德规范对学生的要求。C项(学校道德对学生的要求是什么？)符合语境。故选C。
4．答案：G
解析：根据上文“Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment.”可知，教师和管理者应该创造一个安全公平的学习环境。G项(因此，所有学生都有平等的获得成功的教育机会。)承接上文。故选G。
5．答案：D
解析：根据下文“But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.”可知，大多数教育工作者都支持这些道德规范。D项(严格遵守所有的道德规范具有挑战性。)引出下文，其中all the ethics呼应下文的these ethics。故选D。
精深阅读
(2024· 山西省大同市第一中学忻州一中高一下期未)When Joy Diaz was growing up, her parents devoted themselves to humanitarian work. The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
“When I talk about extreme poverty, what I mean is these people lived inside the garbage dump，” Diaz said. Diaz's parents did everything they could to support those living in the dump. They started by bringing in teachers and doctors. Eventually, they were able to build a health clinic, a school, a dining hall and even set up public showers. “But while that was happening, we did not have a home. We were renters，” Diaz said.
One day, years into their effort, a man showed up at Diaz's house. His name was Jack Bloxham, and he had worked with the Diaz family in the past to provide care for community members. He'd come all the way from Richmond, Virginia. “He flew into Mexico City, hopped in a taxi, came to the house, saw my mum and just gave her this paper bag full of money, full of cash. And he said, ‘For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. So here's the money. Buy a house，’” Diaz remembered.
Diaz believes this act of kindness changed her life. Her family moved into a middle class neighbourhood, and the money they saved on rent instead paid for college fee. But the impact of Bloxham's generosity didn't end there. “It changed the trajectory of generations，” Diaz explained. “Today my children live in a middle class neighbourhood, and because I am college educated, I am able to have a better job than I could have had before.”
Bloxham is now in his nineties. Diaz says she will always remember his kindness. “I am forever grateful, Jack. Thank you.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Joy Diaz (乔伊·迪亚兹)的成长故事，通过个人经历和具体事例展现了人性中的善良与慷慨对他人生活的深刻影响。
1．Which words can best describe Diaz's parents
A．Creative and knowledgeable.
B．Kind and caring.
C．Poor but optimistic.
D．Wealthy but lazy.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When Joy Diaz was growing up ... to humanitarian work.”和“they still found ways ... in extreme poverty”可知，Diaz的父母致力于人道主义工作，帮助贫困人群，由此可推知，他们是善良和有爱心的。故选B。
2．What did Diaz's parents do for those living in the dump
A．They put up a dining hall.
B．They offered free meals.
C．They taught for free in a school.
D．They built a big hospital.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They started by bringing in teachers ... and even set up public showers. (他们从引进教师和医生开始。最终，他们建起了一家诊所、一所学校、一个餐厅，甚至还建立了公共浴室。)”可知，Diaz的父母为住在垃圾堆里的人们建了一个餐厅。故选A。
3．Why did Jack Bloxham give money to Diaz's mum
A．To give back to society.
B．To earn people's respect.
C．To help buy a house for the Diaz family.
D．To support the community members.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He flew into Mexico City ... Buy a house，’ Diaz remembered.”可知，Jack Bloxham (杰克·布洛克斯汉姆)给Diaz母亲的钱是为了帮助Diaz一家买房子。故选C。
4．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Diaz went to college.
B．Diaz paid the rent with Bloxham's money.
C．Bloxham was ninety when he bought a house.
D．The Diaz family moved to an upper class neighbourhood.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It changed the trajectory of generations ... I could have had before.”可推知，Diaz上了大学，并且因为受过高等教育，她能够拥有比以前更好的工作。故选A。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．humanitarian adj. 人道主义的
2．extreme adj. 极端的；极度的
3．effort n. 努力，试图，尽力
4．impact n. 影响
5．generosity n. 慷慨，大方
(二)高频短语
6．devote__oneself__to__...__ 献身于……
7．set__up 建立
8．come__all__the__way 专程造访；远道而来
9．show up 出现
10．provide ... for ... 为……提供……
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness (kind)．
12．I eventually (eventual) realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice.
13．The dining (dine) hall was packed with students having their lunch.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．He shouted so loudly that the whole neighbourhood could hear him.街区；邻近的地方
15．If you are a renter and need to make an online inquiry, please click here.租客
16．How can you live in this dump 垃圾场；肮脏的地方
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
provide， mean， grateful
17．She seems to think I should be thankful to have a job at all.grateful
18．The government has supplied food and water to the victims of the natural disaster. provided
19．His parents intended him to be a doctor, but he ended up becoming an artist instead.meant
(六)长难句分析
20．The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
句意：这家人住在墨西哥城，虽然他们一点也不富裕，但他们仍然找到方法来帮助生活在极端贫困中的人。
分析：这是一个由并列连词and连接的并列句。第一个分句的主干是The__family__lived__in__Mexico__City；第二个分句的主干是they__still__found__ways；although引导让步状语从句，who引导定语从句，修饰限定先行词people。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．When they showed__up (出现) for their Sunday game, they were completely different.
22．It was built by Mrs Stanford to remember her husband who devoted__himself__to (献身于) the university.
(八)仿写句子
23．For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. (现在完成进行时)
仿写：我已经学了五年英语了，但还不是很流利。
I__have__been__studying__English__for__five__years__and__I'm__still__not__fluent.
18(共72张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
单元主题：人与自我——道德与美德
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 助力听说
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．virtue n. ______________________________
2．moral dilemma __________
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．________ adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意
2．________ n. 进退两难的境地；困境
3．________ vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
道德困境
moral
dilemma
faint
自主学习 助力听说
一、发音规则
英语中的升调是一种语音现象，它可以用来表示说话人对所说的内容不肯定、疑问、惊讶、怀疑、犹豫、不自信等情绪，还可以表示礼貌、请求、建议等。最常见的使用升调的情况有：
1．用于一般疑问句，例如：Are you ↗coming
2．用于疑问句中表达强烈的惊讶或难以置信的情绪，例如：↗What You lost my ↗ticket
3．用于选择疑问句的前半部分(即or之前的选项)，例如：Would you like↗ tea or↘ coffee
4．用于反意疑问句的后半部分，表示不确定的态度或征求对方的看法， 例如：You don't want ↘coffee, ↗do you
5．用于呼唤对方，例如：↗Sir, you dropped your key.
6．用于列举事物，例如：↗One, ↗two, ↗three, ↗four, ↘five.
7．用于委婉的祈使句，例如：Wait a ↗moment.
二、用↗(升调)、↘(降调)标出下列句子中的升降调
1．Her moral sense let her made a (____) decision.
2．Will you do so if you were in a situation like (____) this
3．She bought (____) bread, (____) milk and (____) tomatoes.
4．Do you speak (____) English or (____) French
5．How kind the children (____) are!
6．Sit down, (____) please.
7．You are a (____) policeman
8．(____) Pardon
↘
↗
↗
↗
↘
↗
↗
↘
↘
↘
↗
三、用↗(升调)、↘(降调)标出下列对话中黑体部分的升降调
Amy：Hey, (1.____) John! What are you doing this weekend
John：Oh, I'm planning to go hiking. (2.____) How about you
Amy：Hiking (3.____) Really
John：Yeah, I've never been hiking before, so I thought it would be fun. (4.____) Don't you think so
Amy：Well, I do think it's a great idea, but I'm not sure if I have time. (5.____) You know, (6.____) I have a lot of work to catch up on.
↘
↗
↗
↘
↗
↘
John：(7.____) Oh, I see. But come on, you need to relax sometimes, too. (8.____) What if we make it a short hike
Amy：Hmm, that sounds better. (9.____) Let me check my schedule first.
John：Okay, sure. (10.____) Just let me know as soon as you can, okay
Amy：Okay, (11.____) I will.
↘
↗
↘
↗
↘
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 热词
高频词
morally adv. 道德上
moral sense 道德感
moral values 道德价值观
moral behaviour 道德行为
moral character 道德品质
moral standards 道德标准
1.moral adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意(教材P13)
【语境感知】
①What you did wasn't illegal, but it was morally wrong.
你的行为不违法，但在道德上是错误的。
②Man is gifted with a moral sense by which he distinguishes good from evil.
人天生具有一种道德感，通过这种道德感他可以分辨善与恶。
③I think you can run a business to the highest moral standards.
我认为你可以按照最高的道德标准经营企业。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He felt ________ (moral) responsible for the accident.
②My sister came along just to give me some ________ (morally) support.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她的道德感让她做了一个决定。
____________________________________________
morally
moral
Her moral sense let her make a decision.
in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地
be faced with a dilemma 面临左右为难的困境
place sb in a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地
on the horns of a dilemma 进退两难；进退维谷
moral dilemma 道德困境
2.dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境(教材P14)
【语境感知】
①I think they will gradually be caught in a dilemma in the future.
我认为他们在未来将会逐渐陷入进退两难的境地。
②He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not to return to his country.
要不要回国，令他左右为难。
③This placed him in a dilemma.
这让他陷入了两难境地。
④I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.
这件事使我进退两难。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Many moms were faced ________ the dilemma about whether they should go back to work or not.
②The doctor was ________ a dilemma whether he should tell the parents the truth.
③When you are ________ the horns of a dilemma, no matter which horn you choose, something bad will happen.
【学会表达】完成句子
④面临道德困境，他不知道要做什么。
___________________________， he didn't know what to do.
with
in
on
Faced with the moral dilemma
faint away 昏倒；消失
be faint from/with 因……而昏倒
3.faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的(教材P14)
【语境感知】
①She took one look at the hypodermic needle and fainted away.
她看了一眼皮下注射针就晕了过去。
②She was faint from exhaustion after running the marathon.
跑完马拉松后，她因疲惫而昏倒。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Exhausted from days of walking, he fainted ________ by a river in India.
②I didn't eat anything today and feel faint ___________ hunger now.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她的病还有一点点希望可以治愈。
____________________________________________
away
from/with
There is still a faint hope that she may be cured.
【分析】 本句是一个复合句。in which ... to make是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句：
定语从句中的介词有时可置于关系代词之前，构成“介词＋关系代词”结构。关系代词通常是which和whom，which指物，whom指人
4.A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.(教材P14)
道德困境是指你需要做出两个或更多困难选择的情况。
探究二 长难句分析
介词的确定方法。一看介词与先行词的搭配关系，二看从句的谓语动词与介词的搭配关系，三看定语从句的意义
若定语从句中的短语为固定搭配，则介词不能置于关系代词之前。如：look for, look after, take care of
【语境感知】
①History informs us of past mistakes from which we can learn without repeating them.
＝History informs us of past mistakes (that/which) we can learn from without repeating them.
历史告诉我们，我们可以从过去的错误中吸取教训，而不会重蹈覆辙。
②One writer in whom I had taken an interest was Immanuel Velikovsky.
＝One writer (that/who/whom) I had taken an interest in was Immanuel Velikovsky.
我感兴趣的一位作家是伊曼纽尔·维利科夫斯基。
③She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden of which they had taken care together.
＝She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden (that/which) they had taken care of together.
她会意地笑了，看着他们一起打理的花园。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There is no reason ________ which we shouldn't be friends.
②This is the man ________ whom I referred.
③I will never forget the day ________ which we studied together.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④这是一个我们讨论过很多的课题。
_______________________________________________
⑤他们来到一处农舍，农舍前面坐着一个小男孩。
_______________________________________________________
for
to
on
This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
【分析】 本句是一个复合句。that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中，who fell down while crossing the street是定语从句，修饰先行词an old woman；其中while crossing the street是时间状语从句的省略，补充完整应为while she was crossing the street。
当时间、条件等状语从句的主语为it，或者从句与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词常一起省略
当从句的谓语动词与主句主语之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；为被动关系时，用过去分词
5.Did you hear that James helped an old woman who fell down while crossing the street？(教材P15)
你听说詹姆斯帮助一个过马路时摔倒的老太太了吗？
【语境感知】
①(2024·全国甲卷)Eat with others whenever (it is) possible.
尽可能和别人一起吃饭。
②Although (it was) exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
虽然很累，但它给了我活力、热情和幸福。
③When (you are) eating a whole cooked fish, you should never turn it over to get at the flesh on the other side.
当你吃一整条鱼时，千万不要把它翻过来吃另一边的肉。
④Scientists have collected more data than (it has been) expected.
科学家们已经收集到了比预期更多的数据。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Before ________ (leave)，turn off all the lights.
②When ___________ (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
③Even if ________ (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
【学会表达】完成句子
④当你在攀岩时，你需要保持非常专注。
_____________________， you need to remain very focused.
leaving
completed
invited
While rock-climbing
对点练习 巩固所学
a.匹配下列单词的词义 b.匹配下列短语的词义 ( )1.dilemma ( )2.faint ( )3.moral ( )4.virtue ( )5.admire A．n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 B．v. 钦佩，仰慕 C．vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的 D．n. 进退两难的境地；困境 E．adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意 ( )6.entrance examination ( )7.moral dilemma ( )8.be eager to do sth ( )9.ask for confirmation ( )10.fall down A．渴望做某事
B．摔倒
C．入学考试
D．要求确认
E．道德困境
Ⅰ.匹配词义
D
C
E
A
B
C
E
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．________ vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
2．________ n. 进退两难的境地；困境
3．________ adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意
4．________ n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
5．________ adj. 沮丧的，悲观的
6．________ v. 怀疑；不相信
7．________ n. 居所，住处
8．_____________ n. 确认，确定
9．________ adv. 小心地，仔细地
10．________ adj. 困惑的，糊涂的
faint
dilemma
moral
virtue
gloomy
doubt
shelter
confirmation
carefully
confused
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I doubt ___________ he will be able to finish the project on time.
2．This is the bookshop ________ which I bought the book.
3．It's ________ (moral) wrong to lie to someone, even if it's to avoid hurting their feelings.
4．You must pay attention to the traffic signals when ________ (drive) to ensure safety.
5．She was ________ a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job.
6．If I ________ (be) a millionaire, I would travel around the world.
7．As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager ____________ (explore).
8．While ________ (watch) the match, he tried to absorb what he was seeing.
whether/if
from
morally
driving
in
were
to explore
watching
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．Once upon a time, a young man came across a spring of clear water while ________ the desert.
2．Among his many ________ are generosity, courage and loyalty.
3．I don't agree with her, but I ________ her for sticking to her principles.
4．I'm sure we will find a wide variety of ________ available in school cafeterias.
5．He looked ________ when I asked him about the project.
6．All students without exception must take the English ______________．
7．The forest was dark and ________， with thick trees blocking out the sunlight.
8．An old man ____ down on the street and couldn't get up, so we quickly ran up to help him.
crossing
fall, examine, virtue, choose, admire, cross, confuse, gloom
virtues
admire
choices
confused
examination
gloomy
fell
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．She _____________________________ (面临着道德困境) when she had to choose between telling the truth and protecting her friend's feelings.
2．He was horrified when he discovered ______________________________ (他们的生活状况).
3．He became aware of ___________________________________ (轻柔、微弱的滴水声)．
was faced with a moral dilemma
the conditions in which they lived
the soft, faint sounds of water dripping
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．她因受打击而昏厥过去。
_____________________________________
2．我想知道她是如何在这么短的时间内完成任务的。
___________________________________________________________
3．你在这样的情况下会怎么做呢？
_________________________________________________
She just fainted away from the shock.
I wondered how she managed to finish the task in such a short time.
What would you do if you were in a situation like this
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 难度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
(2024·山西省太原市高一下期末)In the heart of California's Berkeley community, one familiar face has stood as a guide of safety and kindness for nearly twenty years.
Alice Kay Tolbert has said farewell (告别) to her post as a crossing guard at the crossroads of Keoncrest Drive and Rose Street. Her retirement has drawn an outpouring of love and gratitude from the community she served tirelessly.
Rain or shine, Miss Alice faithfully guided children safely across the busy streets, ensuring not a single child was injured under her watchful eye. But her impact stretched beyond mere safety measures. Miss Alice became a cherished figure for her warmth, positivity, and devotion to the well being of every child she encountered.
On her final day, the community came together in a heartwarming display of appreciation. Parents and children, both past and present, gathered with balloons and handmade signs to celebrate Miss Alice's remarkable service. Even older students, who hadn't needed her assistance for years, returned to express their gratitude and bid her farewell.
Penelope Piper Soto, a young student touched by Miss Alice's kindness, shared memories of her crossing roads: “She'll always high five me in the morning when I walk to school, and always say hello, and she always has a smile on her face. Once when I was little, I admired her necklace, and it was really pretty ... and she gave me the gem (宝石) that was on the necklace.”
Such memories highlight the significant impact Miss Alice had on the lives of those she encountered daily. Her small acts of kindness, whether a comforting smile or a shared stuff, left an unforgettable mark on the hearts of Berkeley's residents.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在加州伯克利社区，Alice Kay Tolbert (爱丽丝·凯·托尔伯特)作为交通指挥员近二十年，深受社区居民爱戴。她退休时，社区居民纷纷表达感激之情。
1．Which of the following did Miss Alice do for the children in the community
A．She was invited to teach traffic rules.
B．She gave first aid to the injured children.
C．She ensured their safety and cheered them up.
D．She gifted them with balloons and handicrafts.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Rain or shine ... she encountered.(无论是晴天还是雨天，Alice女士都忠实地引导孩子们安全穿过繁忙的街道，确保没有一个孩子在她细心的照顾下受伤。但她的影响不仅仅局限于安全措施。Alice女士因为她对每个遇到的孩子所表现出的温暖、积极和奉献而成为了一个受人喜爱的形象。)”可知，Alice确保孩子们的安全，并且带给他们快乐。故选C。
2．What does Penelope's story show about Alice Kay Tolbert
A．Her sense of responsibility.
B．Her kindness and generosity.
C．Her professionalism as a guard.
D．Her popularity with strangers.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Penelope Piper Soto ... on the necklace.(Penelope Piper Soto (佩内洛普·派珀·索托)是一位被Alice女士的善举感动的年轻学生，她分享了过马路的回忆：‘当我走路上学时，她总是在早上和我击掌，总是向我问好，而且她总是面带微笑。我小时候有一次很羡慕她的项链，真的很漂亮……然后她把项链上的宝石送给了我。’)”可推知，Penelope的故事展示了Alice Kay Tolbert的善良和慷慨。故选B。
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Alice Kay: A Respected Policewoman
B．Berkeley Community: A Circle with Safety and Love
C．From Streets to Hearts: An Adventurous Life of Alice Kay
D．A Farewell to the Angel on Streets: Berkeley's Beloved Crossing Guard Retires
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了在伯克利社区深受爱戴的交通指挥员Alice Kay Tolbert退休时，社区居民向她表达感激的故事。D项(向街上的天使告别：伯克利深受爱戴的交通指挥员退休)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
B
(2024·福建省莆田第一中学高一下期中)Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor”， the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one's mind by telling all one's heart”. While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel.
I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain climbing trip with my 15 year old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn't breathe properly.
Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak.
“You know，” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started. But with practice and proper pace, you'll get there too.”
“Yeah, don't let your lack of experience stop you，” the other added. “It's okay to admit when you're struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it's important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That's how we improve and grow.”
Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.
I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it's okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I've come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿在登山过程中遇到困难时，两位学生对他们的帮助和鼓励，以及他们的勇气对作者和团队产生的影响。
4．Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage
A．To question the common belief of courage.
B．To argue for the true nature of courage.
C．To show the changing meaning of courage.
D．To compare different interpretations of courage.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In the beginning ... how we feel.(在开始，勇气意味着‘说出自己的想法，表达自己的心声’。虽然现在勇气常常与英雄主义联系在一起，但我相信真正的勇气在于对我们是谁和我们的感受持开放和诚实的态度。)”可推知，作者提到勇气的原始含义是为了论证勇气的本质。故选B。
5．What did the two students suggest the daughter do
A．Keep to a suitable pace.
B．Seek help whenever possible.
C．Challenge her own limits.
D．Stick with experienced climbers.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It's okay to ... improve and grow.(当你遇到困难或感觉不好时，承认是没有关系的。事实上，当你需要帮助时，大声说出来并寻求帮助是很重要的。这就是我们进步和成长的方式。)”可知，两位学生建议作者的女儿在需要时寻求帮助。故选B。
6．Which action in the mountain climbing story is an example of true courage
A．The mother asked the girl to rest.
B．The girl tried hard not to fall behind.
C．The two students pointed out the group's fault.
D．The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I believe true ... how we feel”可知，真正的勇气是说出自己的想法，以及倒数第二段中的“However, the two students ... in tough environments. (然而，这两名学生直接向正在庆祝的团队发表讲话，强调在艰难的环境中团结一致的重要性。)”可推知，两位学生说出自己的想法，指出团队的错误是真正的勇气的体现。故选C。
7．What does the author intend to tell us
A．Kindness connects us all.
B．Being a beginner takes courage.
C．We don't have to be a hero to be brave.
D．With courage, everyone can be perfect.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“While courage is ... how we feel.”可推知，作者想要告诉我们，不一定要成为英雄才能勇敢，勇于说出自己的想法和感受才是真正的勇敢。故选C。
Ⅱ 七选五
(2024·江苏省溧阳市高一下期末)Ethics (道德规范) are concerned with people's moral actions. One type of ethics is school ethics. __1__ They include students, teachers and administrators. Ethics designed for each of these groups are usually created within the institution, through professional organizations, or by both.
School ethics provide ethical standards people are expected to follow in relation to working with others and in the decision making process. Ethics also bring consequences to those who don't follow school ethics. These moral rules are significant. __2__ Moreover, they encourage people to support each other and support the school with some special requirements designed for them.
__3__ Particularly, students must respect their peers, teachers and administrators. Additionally, school ethics require students to respect their institutions which they're admitted into. One of the most significant factors concerning students and ethics in schools is plagiarism (剽窃)—students are required to hand in work that is uniquely their own and be prepared to suffer consequences if it is not.
Teachers and administrators are ethically guided through professional and institutional ethical codes. They typically are required to create a learning environment that promotes high ethical standards for students through modeling and instruction. Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment. __4__
Educators are also required to show high ethical standards in their communication with parents, peers, students, etc. Building trust is an essential part of these interactions. Teachers and administrators are ethically expected to maintain their professional training and to present themselves as representatives of the school in an ethical manner. __5__ But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.
A．Besides, the rules can be interesting.
B．Why should students follow the ethics
C．What are school ethics' requirements for students
D．To strictly follow all the ethics can be challenging.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学校道德规范的重要性。
E．They help create an atmosphere of trust, honesty, etc.
F．Generally, such ethics apply to all people in a school.
G．Thus, all students can have equal educational chances to achieve success.
1．答案：F
2．答案：E
解析：下文“They include students, teachers and administrators.(他们包括学生、教师和行政人员。)”具体说明了道德规范适用的人群。F项(一般来说，这种道德规范适用于学校里的所有人。)引出下文。故选F。
解析：根据上文“These moral rules are significant.(这些道德准则意义重大。)”和下文“Moreover, they encourage ... designed for them.(此外，它们鼓励人们相互支持，并为他们设计一些特殊的要求来支持学校。)”可知，E项(它们有助于创造一种信任、诚实等的氛围。)承上启下。故选E。
解析：设空处位于句首，为段落主旨句。根据下文“Particularly, students must respect ... they're admitted into.(特别是，学生必须尊重他们的同龄人、老师和行政人员。此外，学校道德要求学生尊重录取他们的机构。)”可知，本段主要说明道德规范对学生的要求。C项(学校道德对学生的要求是什么？)符合语境。故选C。
3．答案：C
4．答案：G
5．答案：D
解析：根据上文“Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment.”可知，教师和管理者应该创造一个安全公平的学习环境。G项(因此，所有学生都有平等的获得成功的教育机会。)承接上文。故选G。
解析：根据下文“But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.”可知，大多数教育工作者都支持这些道德规范。D项(严格遵守所有的道德规范具有挑战性。)引出下文，其中all the ethics呼应下文的these ethics。故选D。
(2024· 山西省大同市第一中学忻州一中高一下期未)When Joy Diaz was growing up, her parents devoted themselves to humanitarian work. The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
“When I talk about extreme poverty, what I mean is these people lived inside the garbage dump，” Diaz said. Diaz's parents did everything they could to support those living in the dump. They started by bringing in teachers and doctors. Eventually, they were able to build a health clinic, a school, a dining hall and even set up public showers. “But while that was happening, we did not have a home. We were renters，” Diaz said.
精深阅读
One day, years into their effort, a man showed up at Diaz's house. His name was Jack Bloxham, and he had worked with the Diaz family in the past to provide care for community members. He'd come all the way from Richmond, Virginia. “He flew into Mexico City, hopped in a taxi, came to the house, saw my mum and just gave her this paper bag full of money, full of cash. And he said, ‘For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. So here's the money. Buy a house，’” Diaz remembered.
Diaz believes this act of kindness changed her life. Her family moved into a middle class neighbourhood, and the money they saved on rent instead paid for college fee. But the impact of Bloxham's generosity didn't end there. “It changed the trajectory of generations，” Diaz explained. “Today my children live in a middle class neighbourhood, and because I am college educated, I am able to have a better job than I could have had before.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Joy Diaz (乔伊·迪亚兹)的成长故事，通过个人经历和具体事例展现了人性中的善良与慷慨对他人生活的深刻影响。
Bloxham is now in his nineties. Diaz says she will always remember his kindness. “I am forever grateful, Jack. Thank you.”
1．Which words can best describe Diaz's parents
A．Creative and knowledgeable.
B．Kind and caring.
C．Poor but optimistic.
D．Wealthy but lazy.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When Joy Diaz was growing up ... to humanitarian work.”和“they still found ways ... in extreme poverty”可知，Diaz的父母致力于人道主义工作，帮助贫困人群，由此可推知，他们是善良和有爱心的。故选B。
2．What did Diaz's parents do for those living in the dump
A．They put up a dining hall.
B．They offered free meals.
C．They taught for free in a school.
D．They built a big hospital.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They started by bringing in teachers ... and even set up public showers. (他们从引进教师和医生开始。最终，他们建起了一家诊所、一所学校、一个餐厅，甚至还建立了公共浴室。)”可知，Diaz的父母为住在垃圾堆里的人们建了一个餐厅。故选A。
3．Why did Jack Bloxham give money to Diaz's mum
A．To give back to society.
B．To earn people's respect.
C．To help buy a house for the Diaz family.
D．To support the community members.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He flew into Mexico City ... Buy a house，’ Diaz remembered.”可知，Jack Bloxham (杰克·布洛克斯汉姆)给Diaz母亲的钱是为了帮助Diaz一家买房子。故选C。
4．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Diaz went to college.
B．Diaz paid the rent with Bloxham's money.
C．Bloxham was ninety when he bought a house.
D．The Diaz family moved to an upper class neighbourhood.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It changed the trajectory of generations ... I could have had before.”可推知，Diaz上了大学，并且因为受过高等教育，她能够拥有比以前更好的工作。故选A。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．humanitarian adj. ________________
2．________ adj. 极端的；极度的
3．________ n. 努力，试图，尽力
4．________ n. 影响
5．____________ n. 慷慨，大方
人道主义的
extreme
effort
impact
generosity
(二)高频短语
6．___________________ 献身于……
7．________ 建立
8．________________ 专程造访；远道而来
9．show up __________
10．provide ... for ... ________________
devote oneself to ...
set up
come all the way
出现
为……提供……
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your ___________ (kind)．
12．I ____________ (eventual) realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice.
13．The ________ (dine) hall was packed with students having their lunch.
kindness
eventually
dining
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．He shouted so loudly that the whole neighbourhood could hear him. ______________________
15．If you are a renter and need to make an online inquiry, please click here. ____________
16．How can you live in this dump _______________________
街区；邻近的地方
租客
垃圾场；肮脏的地方
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．She seems to think I should be thankful to have a job at all.________
18．The government has supplied food and water to the victims of the natural disaster. __________
19．His parents intended him to be a doctor, but he ended up becoming an artist instead.________
grateful
provide， mean， grateful
provided
meant
(六)长难句分析
20．The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
句意：这家人住在墨西哥城，虽然他们一点也不富裕，但他们仍然找到方法来帮助生活在极端贫困中的人。
分析：这是一个由并列连词and连接的并列句。第一个分句的主干是____________________________；第二个分句的主干是____________________；although引导___________从句，who引导________从句，修饰限定先行词________。
The family lived in Mexico City
they still found ways
让步状语
定语
people
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．When they ____________ (出现) for their Sunday game, they were completely different.
22．It was built by Mrs Stanford to remember her husband who ________________ (献身于) the university.
showed up
devoted himself to
(八)仿写句子
23．For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. (现在完成进行时)
仿写：我已经学了五年英语了，但还不是很流利。
_____________________________________________________________
I have been studying English for five years and I'm still not fluent.
