Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking课件（共167张）+讲义

英语 选择性必修 第二册 RJ
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1.tutor n. （英国大学中的）助教；导师；家庭教师
2.cite vt. 引用；引述
3.messenger n. 送信人；信使
4.edition n. （报纸、杂志）一份；（广播、电视节目） 一期、一辑；版次
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1.qualification n. （通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历
2.adaptation n. 适应；改编本
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；抚慰
4.participate vi. 参加；参与
5.engage vi. 参加；参与（活动）　vt. 吸引（ 注意力、兴趣 ）
6.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换（可查字典）
1.complex adj. 复杂的；难懂的；（语法）复合的→complexity n. 复杂性，错综复杂
2.ambition n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地；热切地
3.presentation n. 报告；陈述；出示；拿出→present adj. 现在的；出席的　v. 提出；介绍
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
recall [熟义] vt.& vi. 记起；回想起
[生义] v. 叫回（某人）；收回（有问题的产品）
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1.participate in 参加；参与
2.speak up 大声点说；明确表态
3.feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束
4.engage in （使）从事；参与
5.get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联
课文三维剖析
“WELCOME， XIE LEI！”
BUSINESS STUDENT BUILDING BRIDGES
“欢迎你，谢蕾！”
商科学生搭建文化交流的桥梁
Six months ago， 19－year－old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and1 boarded a plane for London. It was the first time that she had left China.2 “I was very excited but also quite nervous. I didn't know what to expect3，” Xie Lei recalled. 半年前，19岁的谢蕾告别家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的班机。这是她第一次离开中国。“我很激动，也很紧张，不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆道。 Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and4 has come to our university on a year－long exchange5 programme. “I chose the exchange programme because6 I wanted to learn about global business and7 improve my English. My ambition is to set up8 a business in China after graduation，” she explained. 谢蕾在中国一所大学攻读商科，来我校参加为期一年的交流项目。“之所以选择这个交流项目，是因为我想了解全球商务，并提高我的英语水平。我的志向是毕业后在中国创办一家企业。”她解释道。 At first， Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. “You have to get used to a whole new life，” she said. “I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things9I didn't know the English names for10. When11 I got lost， I had to ask passers－by for help， but people here speak fast and use words I'm not familiar with12. I ask them to repeat themselves13 a lot！” 起初，谢蕾不得不去适应异国他乡的生活。“你必须习惯一种全新的生活。”她说，“我得学会使用公共交通，学会要到我不知道英文名称的东西。迷路时，我得向路人求助，但是这里的人讲话语速很快，而且使用的是我不熟悉的单词。我老是让他们重复！” Although some foreign students live in campus14 accommodation， Xie Lei chose to live with a host family15， who16 can help with her adaptation to the new culture. “When17 I miss home， I feel comforted to have a second family，” Xie Lei said. “When18 there's something I don't know or understand19， I can ask them. They are also keen to learn about China. Laura， the daughter of my host family20， wants to study in China in the future. We take turns to cook each evening. They really love my stir－fried tomatoes and eggs！ Laura says she always feels hungry21　when she smells it22， so23 I taught her how to cook it24， too.” 虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但是谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，有助于她适应异国文化。“有第二个家，想家时我会得到些安慰。”谢蕾说。“当我有不知道或不理解的事情时，我可以咨询他们。他们对中国也很感兴趣，我房东的女儿劳拉将来想到中国求学。我们每晚轮流做饭，他们真的很爱吃我做的番茄炒蛋！劳拉说，每次闻到香味，她就感到饥肠辘辘，于是我教她做这道菜。” Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements. The first time that25 she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that26 she must acknowledge what other people had said27 if she cited their ideas28， but that29 he mainly wanted to know what she thought30！ Xie Lei was confused because31 she thought she knew less than other people32. Her tutor advised her to read lots of information33 in order to form34 a wise opinion of her own. 谢蕾面临的另一个挑战是学业要求。她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。谢蕾困惑不解，因为她觉得自己懂得没有别人多。她的导师建议她广泛阅读文献，形成自己睿智的观点。 Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class35as part of the final result36　. Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations37. At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say38， but what surprised her39 was that40 she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. “My presentation on traditional Chinese art41 was a great success， which boosted my confidence42，” she said. “I'll use these skills back home for presentations. They'll help me build a strong business43 in the future.” 此外，谢蕾发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题，并且还要进行展示。刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么。但使她惊奇的是，没过几周，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。“我的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她说，“回国后，我会将这些技能运用到展示中，帮助我未来打造一家强大的企业。” Now halfway through her exchange year， Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. What seemed strange before now44 appears quite normal to her. “Engaging in British culture45 has helped，” she said. “As well as studying hard46， I've been involved in social activities. British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it， so47 I'm keen to share my culture with them. While I'm learning about business48， I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us.” 现在一年的交流时间已过半，谢蕾感到她在英国的学习和生活自如多了。以前看似奇怪的事情现在对她来说显得十分平常了。“融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”她说，“努力学习之余，我还参加了一些社交活动。英国人对我们的文化十分着迷，渴望了解更多中国文化，因此我也乐于同他们分享。我攻读商科的同时也是一个文化使者，在中外文化之间架起了一座桥梁。” We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later editions， but for now， we wish her all the best. 我们会在随后的几期中跟踪报道谢蕾的进展情况，但现在我们祝她一切顺利。 1 连接并列谓语said和boarded 2　 It is the first time that ... 为固定句式，意为“第一次……”，主句谓语是一般过去时时，从句用过去完成时 3　疑问词＋不定式，作动词know的宾语 4　连接并列谓语is studying和has come to 5　名词作定语 6　引导原因状语从句 7　连接并列结构to learn和improve；improve前省略了to，二者皆作want的宾语 8　不定式短语作表语 9　and连接两个“疑问词＋不定式短语”结构，作learn的宾语 10　定语从句（省略引导词that/which），修饰things 11　引导时间状语从句 12　定语从句，修饰words 13　不定式短语作them的宾补 14　名词作定语 15　不定式短语作宾语 16　引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明a host family 17　引导时间状语从句 18　引导时间状语从句 19　定语从句，修饰something，省略引导词that 20　Laura的同位语 21　says的宾语从句 22　when引导时间状语从句 23　并列连词，连接前后两个分句 24　疑问词＋不定式短语作宾补 25　引导时间状语从句 26　引导宾语从句 27　宾语从句 28　条件状语从句 29　but 连接前后两个that引导的宾语从句 30　宾语从句 31　引导原因状语从句 32　宾语从句 33　不定式短语作宾补 34　目的状语 35　宾语从句 36　方式状语 37　need to do sth “需要做某事”。and和as well as 连接的五个不定式短语（后四个省略to），皆作need的宾语 38　idea的同位语从句 39　主语从句 40　引导表语从句 41　介词短语作presentation的后置定语 42　非限制性定语从句，解释说明success 43　（不带to的）不定式短语作宾补 44　主语从句 45　动名词短语作主语 46　as well as “除……之外，也”，后跟动名词短语 47　连接两个并列句 48 时间状语从句
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
阅读领悟
（一）填空并连线
（二）话题语块
1.a year－long exchange programme 为期一年的交流项目
2.set up a business 创办一家企业
3.adapt to life 适应生活
4.be keen to do sth 渴望做某事
5.take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
6.stir－fried tomatoes and eggs 番茄炒蛋
7.generate ideas 形成观点
8.a great success 非常成功
9.a cultural messenger 文化使者
10.eager to do sth 渴望做某事
（三）高频语法现象
1.名词作定语
①足球赛因暴风雨而中断。
The football match was interrupted by a storm.
②在车间里，他放着一个工具箱，里面装满各种工具。
In the workshop， he keeps a tool box filled with various tools.
2.介词短语作后置定语
①我们看到了远方的灯光。
We saw lights in the distance.
②观光客常常破坏岛上微妙的自然生态平衡。
Tourists often disturb the delicate balance of nature on the island.
3.疑问词＋不定式（短语）作宾语/宾补
①我将告诉你如何安装这个软件。
I'll show you how to install the software.
②你应该告诉你父亲什么时候写作业。
You should tell your father when to do the homework.
4.动名词（短语）作主语
①随着我们年龄的增长，学习变得越来越困难。
Learning becomes more and more difficult as we get older.
②自己有一台计算机非常有用。
Having your own computer is very useful.
5.and，but和so连接并列句
①阳光透过窗户照进来，一切看起来那么明亮。
The sunshine comes in through the window and everything looks so bright.
②我并不想催你，但二十分钟后我们就要关门了。
I don't want to hurry you but we close in twenty minutes.
③他没有告诉你真相，所以不要被他骗了。
He didn't tell you the truth， so don't be taken in by him.
探究一　热词
1.qualification n. （通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历（教材P14）
·qualify vt.& vi. （使）具备资格；（使）合格 ·qualified adj. 有资格的；能胜任的 gain/acquire/obtain qualifications 获得资格 without qualification 无条件地 have （no） qualifications for （doing） sth （没）有（做）某事的资格 have （no） qualifications to do sth （没）有做某事的资格 qualify （sb/sth） as ... （使某人/某物）有资格担任/成为…… qualify sb for sth 使某人有资格获得某物 be qualified to do sth 有资格做某事 be qualified for ... 有……的资格；可胜任……
①In this job， experience counts for more than paper qualifications.
担任这项工作，经验比文凭更重要。（应用文写作之通知）
②（全国乙卷）She qualified as a surgeon in 1813， then joined the British Army， serving overseas.
她于1813年获得外科医生资格，然后加入英国军队，在海外服役。
③Since I have worked as a volunteer in different activities， I believe that I am qualified to fill the position you advertised for.
因为我担任过不同活动的志愿者，所以我相信我能胜任您所招聘的职位。（应用文写作之申请信）
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications （qualify）.
②A person with an appreciation of art and literature is qualified for the job.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我们的父母也在逐渐成长为合格的父亲和母亲，所以有时候我们需要理解并原谅他们。（应用文写作之建议信）
Our parents are still growing into qualified fathers and mothers， so we need to understand and forgive them sometimes.
④经过7年的学习，约翰获得了当医生的资格。
After 7 years of study， John gained/acquired/obtained qualifications to become a doctor.
2.adaptation n. 适应；改编本（教材P14）
·adapt vt.& vi. （使）适应　vt. 改写，改编 ·adaptable adj. 能适应的，有适应能力的 adapt （oneself） to ... （使某人）适应…… be adapted for .../from ... 改编成……/改编自……
①Evolution occurs as a result of adaptation to new environments.
进化是适应新环境的结果。
②It is the species that are most adaptable to change that survive.
生存下来的是最能适应变化的物种。
③The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.
孩子们很容易适应新的环境，这对他们来说是一件好事。
【易混辨析】
adapt v. （使）适应；使适合；改编；改造；修改 adapt to new market 适应新市场 adapt this novel 改编这本小说
adopt v. 采取，采纳；收养 adopt an idea 采纳观点 adopt a child 收养一个孩子
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①To ensure success，it is important to be adaptable and make necessary adaptations to changing. （adapt）
【学会表达】翻译
②这部剧是根据小说改编的，但导演对故事情节做了重大改动。
The play was adapted from the novel， but the director made significant changes to the storyline.
③我决不会采用他的任何一个方法。
In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods.
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；抚慰（教材P14）
·comfortable adj. 舒服的；舒适的 ·comfortably adv. 舒服地，安逸地 ·discomfort n. 不适　vt. 使不舒服 ·uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的；不自在的 ·uncomfortably adv. 不舒服地；令人不安地 take/draw comfort from/in 从/在……中得到安慰 in comfort 舒适地 comfort sb for sth 因某事而安慰某人 comfort oneself/sb with sth 用某物安慰自己/某人
①The gentle breeze stroked his head as if comforting all his tiredness.
微风轻抚着他的头，仿佛在安慰他所有的疲惫。（读后续写之环境描写）
②（新课标Ⅱ卷）I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员感觉更舒服、更自信地说英语。
③The kitten had settled comfortably in her arms and was purring enthusiastically.
小猫舒服地卧在她怀里，起劲地打着呼噜。（读后续写之动物描写）
④You can take some comfort in the fact that you did your best.
你已经尽力了，这一点可以让你感到安慰。
⑤Surely there is some way of ordering our busy lives so that we can live in comfort and find spiritual harmony too.
一定会有办法把我们繁忙的生活安排得既舒适又能找到内心的平静。
【小小语义场】表示安慰与鼓励的相关短语
pat sb on the shoulder 拍拍某人的肩膀
hold/take sb in one's arms 把某人拥在怀里
throw one's arms around sb tightly without hesitation 毫不犹豫地紧紧拥抱某人
cast a comforting glance at sb 安慰地看了某人一眼
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I know she goes out a lot at night， but I take comfort from the fact that she's always with friends.
②She comforted herself （she） with the thought that it would soon be spring.
【学会表达】翻译
③I became uncomfortably aware that the people at the next table were watching me.
我意识到旁桌的人在看我，感到很不自在。
④Be the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.
先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。
⑤她好不容易才把身体转为一个比较舒服的姿势。
With difficulty， she rolled her body into a more comfortable position.
4.participate vi. 参加；参与（教材P15）
·participation n. 参加；参与 ·participant n. 参加者；参与者 participate in 参加；参与
①When holidays came， there were Yangko and stilt shows with people eager to participate.
过节时会有人们渴望参加的扭秧歌、踩高跷表演。
②Looking forward to your active participation.
期待你的积极参与。（应用文写作之邀请信）
③All participants will gather at the school gate at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
所有参加者明天早上8点钟在校门口集合。（应用文写作之通知）
④In order to encourage students to actively participate in sports， our school held a basketball game in the school gym last Saturday afternoon.
为了鼓励学生积极参加体育运动，我们学校上周六下午在学校体育馆举办了一场篮球比赛。（应用文写作之报道）
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①When I saw your volunteer recruitment information， I had no hesitation in applying for it for I really want to participate in this activity. （应用文写作之申请信）
②As an active participant （participate） in various volunteer work， I have a lot of experience in serving others. （应用文写作之申请信）
【学会表达】完成句子
③老师鼓励学生更多地参与班级决策。
Teachers encourage students to have more participation in class decision－making.
④我很沮丧，因为我没有进入全国歌唱大赛，我一直很想参加这个比赛。（读后续写之心理描写）
I'm frustrated at not entering into the national singing competition， which I have long wanted to participate in.
5.engage vi. 参加；参与（活动）　vt. 吸引（注意力、兴趣）；雇用，聘请（教材P15）
·engaged adj. 已订婚的；忙于……的；从事……的；被占用的 ·engagement n. 约定；预约；订婚 engage in （使）从事；参与 engage sb to do 聘请某人做某事 engage sb as 聘请某人为……；聘请某人担任…… engage sb's interests/attention 吸引某人的兴趣/注意力 be/get engaged to sb 和某人订婚 be/get engaged in/on sth 忙于/从事某事
①I tried to reach him， but the line was engaged.
我尝试过联系他，但电话占线。
②She will be unable to attend the meeting because of a prior engagement.
因事先有别的安排，她将无法出席该会议。
③We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell the stories of China well.
我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事。（文化自信）
④He was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg.
他曾在萨尔茨堡担任宫廷音乐家。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①For the past three years， I have been engaged as chairman of the Student Union in our school.
②It is a traditional custom of a man giving betrothal gift （聘礼） to a woman when they get engaged （engage）， which still exists in modern Chinese society.
【学会表达】完成句子
③如果一本书的前几页不能引起我的兴趣，我通常不会继续读下去。
If a book doesn't engage my interest in the first few pages， I don't usually continue reading it.
④一项调查显示，参加课外活动的高中生比不参加课外活动的高中生更快乐。
A survey shows that senior high students who are engaged in after school activities are happier than those who are not.
6.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使） 参加；使卷入（教材P15）
·involved adj. 参与的；有关联的；复杂的；专心于……的 ·involvement n. 参加；参与；沉迷 involve doing sth 包含/需要做某事 involve ... in ... 使……卷入……；使……参与…… involve with sb 与某人有密切关系 get/be/become involved with/in 参与/涉及……；专注于……
①Her job involves filing and other general office work.
她的工作包括归档和其他一般的办公室工作。
②Students should involve themselves actively in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生们应该积极参加社区活动，在那里他们能够获得成长的经验。（应用文写作之建议信）
③She's been involved with animal rights for many years.
多年来，她一直致力于保护动物的权利。（人物介绍）
④No matter what you like to do， there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
无论你喜欢做什么，总有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。（应用文写作之倡议书）
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I don't want to do anything that will involve me in a long－term commitment.
②They said that the job would involve travel（l）ing （travel） to Paris.
③She was very involved with/in sports at college， and her studies suffered.
【学会表达】翻译
④她在日常生活中要接触很多人。
Her daily life involved meeting lots of people.
⑤所有的老师和学生都积极参加了越野跑比赛。（应用文写作之报道）
All the teachers and students got actively involved in/with the cross－country running race.
1.complex adj. 复杂的；难懂的；（语法）复合的→complexity n. 复杂性，错综复杂
In order to explain complex science to a lay audience， scientists and journalists are prone to progressively downplay the complexity.
为了向外行的听众解释复杂的科学，科学家和新闻记者越来越倾向于减少复杂程度。
2.ambition n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地；热切地
When I was young I never had any ambition. But my brother was ambitious and he always ambitiously did whatever he wanted to do.
年轻的时候，我从来没有任何抱负。但是我哥哥雄心勃勃，他总是劲头十足地做任何他想做的事。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I was astonished by the size and complexity （complex） of the problem.
②With everything changing for the better， I have become more motivated and a lot more ambitious （ambition）.
【学会表达】翻译
③他是个极其复杂的人。
He was an unusually complex man.
④如果你想实现你的抱负，你必须努力工作，做好充分的准备。
If you want to achieve/realize/fulfill your ambition， you must work hard and get fully prepared.
recall
[熟义]vt.& vi. 记起；回想起 [生义]v. 叫回（某人）；收回（有问题的产品）
①He had a good memory， and could totally recall her spoken words.
他的记忆力很好，能完全回忆出她说过的话。
②Both countries recalled their ambassadors.
两个国家都召回了各自的大使。
③The company said it was recalling one of its drugs and had stopped selling two others.
该公司说它正在收回它的一种药品，而且已经停售了另外两种药品。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①I can't recall meeting her before. remember
【学会表达】翻译
②The company recalled thousands of jars of baby food after a health crisis.
在一次健康危机后，该公司收回了数千罐婴儿食品。
③我回想起我们第一次见面的那一天，那是一个阳光明媚的下午，我们聊得很开心。
I recalled the day when we first met； it was a sunny afternoon and we had a great conversation.
探究二　短语
speak up 大声点说；明确表态（教材P15）
up其他相关短语： put up 建造；举起；张贴 eat up 吃光；耗尽 cut up 切碎；使伤心 fix up 修理；安顿；安排 set up 建立；设立 cheer up 高兴起来，（使）振作 hang up 挂断电话；搁置；拖延 bring up 养育；抚养；养大
①We will speak up for our rights and hope to bring change through our voices.
我们将为我们的权利大声疾呼，希望通过我们的声音带来改变。
②（全国甲卷）I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.
我已经搬过很多次家了，我总是喜欢使我的房间个性化并挂上照片。
③Don't eat up all the cake！ Save some for the others.
别把蛋糕全吃光了！给其他人留一些。
④I've fixed up （for us） to go to the theatre next week.
我已安排好（我们）下周去看戏。
⑤My own mother was brought up very strictly and correctly.
我自己的母亲从小就受到严格且正确的教育。
【学会运用】选词填空（bring up/speak up/cheer up）
①Instead， we should keep thinking all the time and speak up if we think there are mistakes in our teachers' words or in books.
②Don't disappoint your friends who help you cheer up from despair.
③Many women still take career breaks to bring up children.
【学会表达】翻译
④他们搭起帐篷，安歇下来过夜。
They put up their tents and settled down for the night.
⑤我稍后给你回电话，现在先挂断。
I'll call you back later， just hang up now.
探究三　长难句分析
　1.I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.（教材P14） 我得学会使用公共交通，学会要到我不知道英文名称的东西。
【分析】　句子主干为I had to learn ...，是“主谓宾”结构。and连接两个并列宾语：how to use public transport 和 how to ask for things，且两个并列宾语是“疑问词＋不定式”结构；I didn't know the English names for是省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰things。 疑问词＋不定式结构： 除了作宾语，也可作主语、宾补或表语。疑问词包括疑问代词 （who， whom， what， which） 和疑问副词（when， where， how， why） 能接此结构作宾语的常见动词（短语）有： tell， show， teach， learn， know， wonder， discuss， remember， forget， find out等 可转换为从句
①I really don't know what to write about. （作宾语）
我实在不知道该写些什么。
②Where to hold the meeting is not known yet. （作主语）
在哪里开会还不知道呢。
③Our teacher advised us which to choose as after school activities. （作宾补）
我们老师建议我们选择哪一个作为课外活动。
④We must first solve the problem of whom to serve.（疑问词＋不定式）
＝We must first solve the problem of whom we serve.（宾语从句）
我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。
【学会运用】语境填空
①I am scared that I don't know what to do in front of the public （在公众面前做些什么）. In the past few days， I was still learning how to dance （如何跳舞） from the teacher of our school.
【学会表达】一句多译
②为了应付生活，你需要学习如何应对生活中的艰辛。
In order to cope with life， you need to learn how to deal with the hardships of life.
＝In order to cope with life， you need to learn how you deal with the hardships of life.
2.The first time that she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas， but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！（教材P14） 她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
【分析】　the first time that ... 意为“第一次……时”，that在句中引导时间状语从句，也可省略；本句主干为her tutor explained＋that从句，由but连接两个that引导的宾语从句。what other people had said是acknowledge的宾语从句，if引导条件状语从句。what she thought是know的宾语从句。当某一动词后接两个或两个以上的由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个that 可以省略，但第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 均不能省略。 （1）常见引导时间状语从句的名词（短语）： the moment/minute/second/instant ... 等，意为“一……就……”（＝as soon as ...） every time /each time/（the） next time/the day等 （2）宾语从句中不能省略that的其他情况： it作形式宾语 that引导的宾语从句中主语为that或this 主句与that引导的宾语从句之间有插入语
①The first time （that） I visited Zhangjiajie， I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.
我第一次游览张家界时，就被它美丽的景色深深打动了。（景点描写）
②The moment I closed my eyes， I fell asleep.
我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。
③Every time she heard his name， she dissolved into tears.
每当听到他的名字时，她都禁不住泪流满面。
④He said （that） he would go to a tennis competition and that he wanted me to go with him.
他说他要去看网球比赛，并且想让我跟他一起去。
⑤We all consider it important that children should drink plenty of milk as they grow.
我们都认为孩子在长身体时应该多喝牛奶，这很重要。
⑥They told me that this was what they wanted.
他们告诉我这就是他们想要的。
【学会运用】选词填空（every time/the moment）
①I unpacked my bags the moment I arrived.
②Every time they went dancing they ended up in a bad mood.
【学会表达】翻译
③现在她对这首诗表现出了极大的兴趣，但是在她第一次读它时，她认为它很无聊。
She shows great interest in this poem now， but she thought it very boring the first time （that） she read it.
④他告诉我他妈妈病了，他必须在医院照顾她。
He told me （that） his mother was ill and that he had to take care of her in the hospital.
3.Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations.（教材P15） 学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题，并且还要进行展示。
【分析】　本句主干为Students need to do sth，为“主谓宾”结构；其中generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， raise questions， give presentations为并列宾语，由and和as well as 连接。as well as 意为“以及；既……又……；除了……之外，还有……”。 as well as用来连接两个相同成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词、分词等，意为“和，以及”，通常不位于句首，此时强调的重点在其前面 as well as位于句首时，意为“除了……之外，还有……”，其后可接名词、动名词等 当as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词须和as well as前面的主语在数上保持一致
①Responsibility and reliability are necessary qualifications， as well as a friendly and outgoing personality.
责任感和可靠性是必需的素质，友善和外向的性格也必不可少。（应用文写作之招募启事）
②As well as a good academic record， I look for people who've climbed mountains or been captain of a team.
除了良好的学习成绩外，我还会寻找曾经爬过山或当过团队队长的人。
③The talent player， as well as her parents， was surrounded by the reporters.
这位天才选手和她的父母被记者们围起来了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He as well as I was （be） satisfied with the contest result yesterday.
②As well as singing （sing） some classic music， she sings pop music very well.
【学会表达】翻译
③人生在世，总是有苦有甜。
You will always have the bad as well as the good in the world.
④学生和他们的家人，以及学校的工作人员和老师聚在一起参加了这次活动。
Students and their families， as well as school staff and teachers， came together to join in the activity.
维度一　高频词汇
（一）写出下列单词和短语的英文
1.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加
2.adaptation n. 适应；改编本
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；抚慰
4.qualification n. （通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历
5.participate v. 参加；参与
6.engage in （使）从事；参与
7.feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束
8.participate in 参加；参与
9.get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联
10.speak up 大声点说；明确表态
（二）写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1.I knew very well that the problem was more complex than he supposed.复杂的
2.The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers. 收回
3.This recipe is an adaptation of an old favourite. 改编本
4.I admire the clear， logical presentation of her arguments. 陈述
5.It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye. 吸引
维度二　语境运用
（三）根据语境填入恰当的内容
1.Decide when to turn （turn） back or take a break to prevent accidents and ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.
2.After a whirlwind romance the couple announced their engagement （engage） in July.
3.Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir， engaging in such a cognitive stimulator as we age could be beneficial.
4.It makes no difference to me where we shall spend our holiday， for what I need is only relaxation.
5.My starting salary as a newly qualified （qualify） teacher wasn't enough to support a family.
（四）用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
cite， recall， participate， presentation， ambition
1.Don't quote me on this， but I think he is going to resign.cite
2.He has never had any aspiration to earn a lot of money. ambition
3.Their report put ours to shame. presentation
4.I'd like to invite you to join in our Chinese Culture activity. participate
5.He remembered that she always came home late on Wednesdays. recalled
维度三　能力提升
（五）长难句分析
　Tourists may come across an area in which golden snub nosed monkeys that are ill or injured are treated before they go back into the forest.
分析：句子主干是 Tourists may come across an area。in which是“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，修饰限定area；that引导定语从句，修饰monkeys；before引导时间状语从句。
（六）句型转换
1.An expert can show you how to use the different types of equipment.（宾语从句）
→An expert can show you how you can use the different types of equipment.
2.As soon as he got inside， the dog shook himself.
→The moment/minute/second/instant he got inside， the dog shook himself.
维度四　素养提升
（七）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.As a child he was very much an outsider， never participating in/engaging in/involving in （参加） the games other children played.
2.We'll all do our best to make you feel at home （使你舒服自在）.
3.Girls are more likely to speak up frequently （经常发言） and make significant contributions to class.
（八）翻译
1.我第一次在公共场合发表演讲时很焦虑。（the first time 作连词）
The first time （that） I delivered a speech in public I was quite anxious.
2.最后，健谈的人很清楚如何处理争论的场合。（疑问词＋不定式作宾语）
Finally， good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of argument.
课后课时作业（一）
较易题（占比70%）　中档题（占比30%）　拔高题（占比0%）
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
Body language is no doubt the quiet， secret and most powerful language of all！ It speaks 　1　 than words. According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize. In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean， and body language is particularly 　4　 when we attempt to communicate across cultures.
Indeed， what is called body language is so much a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur because of it. 　5　， different societies treat the distance between people 　6　. Northern Europeans usually do not like having body 　7　 even with friends， and certainly not with 　8　. People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore， it's possible that in conversation， it may look like a Latino is 　9　 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer. But the Norwegian， very probably seeing this as pushiness， will keep stepping backward， which the Latino will regard as 　11　.
Clearly， a great deal is going on when people 　12　. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties （当事人） are from different cultures， there's a strong possibility of 　13　. But whatever the situation is， the best 　14　 is to obey the Golden Rule： behave to others as you would like to be 　15　.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在跨文化交际时肢体语言的重要性。
1.A.louder B.safer
C.harder D.further
答案：A
解析：loud 大声的；safe 安全的；hard 努力的；further 更进一步的。根据下文“According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize.”可知，此处指肢体语言比语言表达更有力。故选A。
2.A.sounds B.invitations
C.interests D.messages
答案：D
解析：句意：根据专家的说法，我们的身体发出的信息比我们意识到的要多。sound 声音；invitation 邀请；interest 兴趣；message 信息。故选D。
3.A.hands out B.takes up
C.shows off D.goes over
答案：B
解析：hand out 分发；take up 占据；从事；show off 炫耀；go over 复习。根据本句中的“non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，此处指非语言交际传达的信息约占我们真正表达信息的一半。故选B。
4.A.immediate B.dependent
C.important D.difficult
答案：C
解析：immediate 立即的；dependent 依赖的；important 重要的；difficult 困难的。根据上文“In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，非语言交际传达的信息约占我们真正表达信息的一半，所以此处指肢体语言对于交流很重要。故选C。
5.A.As a result B.For example
C.What's more D.In short
答案：B
解析：as a result 结果；因此；for example 例如；what's more 而且；in short 总之。根据上文“attempt to communicate across cultures”和“misunderstandings occur because of it”以及下文举例可知，此处是对上文跨文化交际会产生误解的举例说明。故选B。
6.A.excitedly B.differently
C.comfortably D.confidently
答案：B
解析：句意：例如，不同的社会群体对待人与人之间的距离是不同的。故选B。
7.A.weight B.pose
C.contact D.stress
答案：C
解析：根据上文“different societies treat the distance between people 　6　”以及下文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”可知，此处指和拉丁美洲人相比，北欧人不喜欢身体上的接触。故选C。
8.A.strangers B.relatives
C.neighbours D.enemies
答案：A
解析：stranger 陌生人；relative 亲戚；neighbour 邻居；enemy 敌人。根据上文“do not like having body 　7　 even with friends”可知，此处指当然更不用说和陌生人有身体上的接触了。故选A。
9.A.disturbing B.helping
C.guiding D.following
答案：D
解析：根据上文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”以及下文“a Norwegian all over the room”可知，北欧人想保持距离，拉美人想要通过肢体接触来表示友好，所以会一直跟着挪威人满屋子转。故选D。
10.A.reveal B.predict
C.express D.assess
答案：C
解析：reveal 揭示；显示；predict 预言；预计；express 表达；表露；assess 估计；评价。根据下文“friendship， will keep moving closer”可知，拉美人会通过近距离接触来表达友谊。故选C。
11.A.weakness B.carelessness
C.friendliness D.coldness
答案：D
解析：weakness 弱点；carelessness 粗心；friendliness 友好；coldness 冷漠。根据上文“The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer.”可知，拉美人通过近距离接触来表达友谊，所以挪威人不断后退就会被拉美人当成是一种冷漠。故选D。
12.A.talk B.shout
C.laugh D.think
答案：A
解析：根据下文“And only a part of it is in the words themselves.”可知，此处指在人们谈话的时候，会传达很多信息。故选A。
13.A.curiosity B.anger
C.misunderstanding D.nervousness
答案：C
解析：句意：当双方来自不同的文化背景时，很有可能会产生误解。curiosity 好奇心；anger 愤怒；misunderstanding 误解；nervousness 紧张。故选C。
14.A.chance B.time
C.influence D.advice
答案：D
解析：chance 机会；时机；time 时间；influence 影响；advice 建议。根据下文“obey the Golden Rule”以及语境可知，此处指最好的建议。故选D。
15.A.noticed B.treated
C.respected D.pleased
答案：B
解析：根据上文“behave to others as you would like to be”可知，此处指你希望怎样被对待，那就怎样对待别人。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
For most people traveling abroad， their first choice is probably to make a beeline for （直奔） tourist sights. For me， I find lots of joy in grocery shopping on holiday.
As a vegetarian， finding restaurants that meet my needs is not always easy abroad. 　1　 The first thing I do， after dropping my bags off， is to go to a grocery store. That enables me to cook breakfast in the morning without walking around for hours trying to find “vegan breakfast” near me.
The variety of foods attracts me every time I travel somewhere new. In Malta， I found the most delicious chocolate－filled cakes， a product I would struggle to find even in the UK. 　2　 I was so delighted that I could enjoy such an unexpected treat. Another surprise was their selection of ice cream available even in the smallest grocery stores.
　3　 Looking for smoked tofu and corn pancakes turns into quite a mission whenever I visit Cluj－Napoca in Romania. There is usually only one variety of smoked tofu， sold in a very small tub （食品盒） and only in the cafeteria section. 　4　 That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.
Grocery shopping on holiday sounds unusual. But it means being involved in the day－to－day lives of a country's citizens. I can pretend I am a local and put myself in their shoes. I can watch kids begging their parents for sweets， an international experience that needs no language， or watch couples pick up snacks and drinks for a party on a Friday night. 　5　
A.I ended up eating these every day for breakfast.
B.The challenge of finding food is interesting， too.
C.So I always make sure to book a place with a kitchen.
D.Grocery shopping was a vital part of the holiday experience.
E.It's an act of understanding people as much as of buying food.
F.Corn pancakes always require a trip to the bigger grocery store.
G.By wandering around in a new country， I start to see what they value.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为一名素食主义者，在旅行过程中喜欢去当地的食品杂货店购物，并通过购物体验当地市民的日常生活。作者认为这是一个有趣而且可以让自己像当地人一样融入当地文化的做法。
1.答案：C
解析：根据前文“As a vegetarian ... always easy abroad.”可知，作者是一名素食主义者，因此在旅游时找到满足自己需求的餐馆并不容易。C项（所以我总是确保预订一个带厨房的地方。）承接前文，符合语境。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：根据前文“In Malta ... in the UK.”可知，作者发现了一种美味的巧克力夹心蛋糕。A项（后来我每天早餐都吃这个。）承接前文，其中的these指代前文的chocolate－filled cakes。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：根据后文“Looking for ... in Romania.”可知，此处指作者喜欢在旅游过程中寻找食物。B项（寻找食物的挑战也很有趣。）引出后文。故选B。
4.答案：F
解析：根据后文“That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.”可知，它们在较小的商店里永远都买不到。F项（玉米煎饼总是需要去大一点的杂货店购买。）引出后文。故选F。
5.答案：E
解析：根据前文“But it means being involved in ... a Friday night.”可知，通过购物可以体验当地市民的日常生活。E项（这既是一种购买食品的行为，也是一种理解他人的方式。）承接前文，指出通过购物可以让自己像当地人一样融入当地文化的做法。故选E。
Ⅲ　语法填空
（浙江高考1月）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family size this and multi buy that. However， if you're shopping for one， buying extra 　1　 （benefit） from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 　2　 you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
Of course， shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　3　 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities， that's 　4　 they'll promote. But that leaves the solo （单独） customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 　5　 （criticize） that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However， though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages， it would help even more if they could sometimes 　6　 （offer） in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce， then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years， some supermarkets 　7　 （start） selling chicken or salad in packs 　8　 （design） with two halves containing separate portions （份）. Then， when you use one section， 　9　 other stays fresh.
Who knows， perhaps some of the more forward looking 　10　 （one） may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
1.　　 　　2.　　 　　3.　　 　　4.　　 　
5.　　 　　6.　　 　　7.　　 　　8.　　 　
9.　　 　　10.　　 　
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了商家各式各样的促销手段。
1.答案：to benefit
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处指多买一件来享受降价，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。
2.答案：or
解析：考查连词。either ... or ... 为固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”。故填or。
3.答案：that/which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为way，指物，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
4.答案：what
解析：考查表语从句的连接词。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作promote的宾语，意为“……的事物”。故填what。
5.答案：criticism
解析：考查词性转换。根据设空前的定冠词the可知，设空处应用名词作宾语，criticism意为“批评”，为不可数名词。故填criticism。
6.答案：be offered
解析：考查动词的语态和情态动词。主语they指代前文中的sausages，与动词offer之间为被动关系，且情态动词could后应用动词原形。故填be offered。
7.答案：have started
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语some supermarkets为复数，助动词应用have。故填have started。
8.答案：designed
解析：考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语packs与动词design之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。
9.答案：the
解析：考查冠词。one ... the other ... 为固定搭配，意为“一个……，另外一个……”。故填the。
10.答案：ones
解析：考查代词。some of后应用复数。故填ones。
　精深阅读
Studying abroad may be exciting， but it is a little less exciting when you face all the cultural differences in a single day.
When I was in middle school， I decided to make a cultural exchange in Munich， Germany during my first year studying German. The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
As soon as we landed， we were greeted by the boys and girls who had been assigned to us. I was assigned to Alana， a typical German girl. When we were on the bus， we listened to some music and sang out loud， which are usually done during school trips by Italian kids. Being watched by all the German kids， we realized our behavior led to an abnormal climate for them.
What I feared most was that I had to face another culture all by myself. Once we arrived home， we introduced ourselves. At lunchtime， we decided to go to a restaurant in the area. Before entering the restaurant， Alana's father， Max， opened the door first for himself， and then he let us in. The first thing I thought was how rude it was， and then I knew that German males go in rooms first to make sure the place is safe， then let the women in.
After dinner， we saw a soccer match between German teams， and for the first time I realized how soccer is a very popular sport， just like in Italy. Totally different from the Italian culture， at 10：00 pm we were already in bed. This was my first time going to bed at that time. I rolled over in bed and couldn't get to sleep quickly.
This exchange made me realize the differences between cultures and how culture shock， which is only a concept students study at school， works， but especially I learned that what seems normal to me can be something very improper in another country， even if that country is just a few miles away.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加文化交流活动的经历，提到了作者在其他文化中体验到了不同的事物以及作者的感悟。
1.What can we know about the cultural exchange the author took part in？
A.It combined German culture with Italian culture.
B.It helped her learn about German kids' lifestyle.
C.Its aim was to teach Italian students standard German.
D.Its focus was on students with multicultural backgrounds.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The exchange ... the Italian culture.（这次交流包括在被分配的家庭度过十天，体验德国孩子的生活和他们的行为，并观察德国文化和意大利文化之间的异同。）”可知，作者参加的文化交流活动帮助她了解了德国孩子的生活方式。故选B。
2.What may the German kids think about singing out loud on the bus？
A.Understandable. B.Exciting.
C.Unwelcome. D.Funny.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Being watched ... led to an abnormal climate for them.（在所有德国孩子的注视下，我们意识到我们的行为给他们带来了不正常的氛围。）”可推知，德国的孩子们认为在公交车上大声唱歌是不被接受的。故选C。
3.Why do German males go in rooms first according to the author？
A.To stress their leadership position in the family.
B.To protect the family from possible danger.
C.To order food for the family in advance.
D.To show respect for guests.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“The first thing ... then let the women in.（我首先想到的是这是多么粗鲁，后来我才知道德国男性会先进去确保房间是安全的，然后才让女性进去。）”可知，德国男性先进房间是为了保护家人免遭可能的危险。故选B。
4.What does the author draw from her experience？
A.Culture shock can be difficult to deal with.
B.Students should develop their adaptive ability.
C.Studying abroad can be beneficial in many ways.
D.Culture shock can be a common and normal phenomenon.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“This exchange made me realize ... is just a few miles away.”可知，这次交流让作者意识到了不同文化之间的差异，以及文化冲击是如何起作用的。在自己看来正常的事情在另一个国家可能是非常不合适的，所以作者从她的经历中得出的结论是文化冲击可以是一种普遍而正常的现象。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
（一）热词
1.exchange n. 交流；交换
2.include v. 包括，包含
3.observe v. 观察，注意到
4.greet v. 欢迎，迎接
5.shock n. 冲击；令人震惊的事
（二）高频短语
1.decide to do sth 决定做某事
2.similarities and differences between ... and ... ……和……之间的相似与不同之处
3.as soon as 一……就……
4.be assigned to 被分配给……
5.lead to 导致
（三）根据语境填入恰当的内容
1.That is the fundamental difference （differ） between the two societies.
2.This opera is one of the cultural （culture） totems of Western civilization.
3.She seemed totally （total） absorbed in her book.
（四）写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
1.We need to create a climate in which students can improve their studies.氛围
2.It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip.正常的
3.The moment I saw her， I realized something was wrong. 意识到
（五）用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1.Some people think it is impolite to ask someone's age.rude
2.Some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers.experience
3.It's becoming fashionable to have long hair again.popular
（六）长难句分析
　The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
句意：这次交流包括在被分配的家庭度过十天，体验德国孩子的生活和他们的行为，并观察德国文化和意大利文化之间的异同。
分析：句子主干为The exchange included spending ten days。at the home of the assigned family作地点状语，不定式短语to experience ... 和to observe ... 作目的状语；how和what均引导宾语从句。
（七）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.For the first time （第一次）， I realized the importance of learning English.
2.We can see nearly everything happening thousands of miles away （千里之外） and communicate with people in different lands without leaving home.
（八）仿写句子
　The results of their experiments have already been published. （现在完成时的被动语态）
仿写：显然，许多传统节日已经代代相传。
Clearly， many traditional festivals have been passed down for many generations.
课后课时作业（二）
较易题（占比50%）　中档题（占比50%）　拔高题（占比0%）
题号 A B
难度 ★ ★★
阅读
A
While English is getting more important in our schools， Chinese has become popular among foreign kids. But Chinese can be more difficult to learn. At least 16 year old Piao Chenglong thinks so. “English is easier for me. Chinese characters have too many strokes （笔画），” said Piao. “But I want to learn it. I want to study at Beijing University when I grow up.” Piao is from Korea. He came to China in 2008.
In Korea， there are more than 300，000 Chinese learners like Piao. Some Korean students begin to learn to write the language on their first day at school. To help students learn Chinese， Korea holds speaking competitions for high school students every year.
Chinese isn't just popular in Korea. People from all the world want to learn it. The Ministry of Education of China says that nearly 130 million people from 85 countries are learning Chinese. This number will be increasing to 800 million in the coming years.
In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish. Some American middle schools have Chinese classes. Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots. Some even try to write and draw in the Chinese way！
People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country. Foreign countries want to understand China better to help them with business. The Chinese government is also helping the world learn Chinese. It has sent more than 200 Chinese teachers to more than 60 countries in the world. Many more Confucius Institutes （孔子学院） will be set up in the world. These institutes will teach Chinese to foreign students.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着中国在世界上变得越来越重要，有越来越多的外国学生开始学习汉语。
1.Where does Piao Chenglong come from？
A.China. B.America.
C.Korea. D.Spain.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Piao is from Korea.”可知，朴成龙来自韩国。故选C。
2.According to the text， some American middle school students learn to do the following EXCEPT 　　　　.
A.making jiaozi
B.writing and drawing in the Chinese way
C.tying Chinese knots
D.singing Chinese songs
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Students learn to make jiaozi ... in the Chinese way！”可知，一些美国中学生学习包饺子、打中国结、用中国的方式书写和绘画，没有提到唱中文歌。故选D。
3.Why do foreign people want to learn Chinese？
A.Because Chinese is getting more important in their schools.
B.Because Chinese characters have too many strokes.
C.Because the number of people learning Chinese will be 800 million.
D.Because China is becoming more and more important in the world.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country.”可知，外国人想要学习汉语是因为中国正在世界上变得越来越重要。故选D。
4.Which of the following is the topic sentence for the text？
A.Chinese has become popular among foreign kids.
B.Chinese can be more difficult to learn.
C.In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish.
D.Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“While English is ... among foreign kids.”及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了汉语在外国孩子中很受欢迎。故选A。
B
There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular， Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social status than to their inner qualities， while Westerners think the opposite. However， Socrates （Ancient Greek philosopher） and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal.
Both philosophers share several teachings in common； for example， their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good， knowledge； and only one evil， ignorance.” Similarly， Confucius said， “Isn't it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned？” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said： “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly， Confucius said， “When you know a thing， to hold you know it； when you don't know a thing， to allow you don't know it—this is knowledge.”
However， there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue （德行）. Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance， when asked how to govern a country， Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor， a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates， however， places self－knowledge over social knowledge.
Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination （支配）. Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn't through legal system， but through virtue. Socrates， by contrast， declared that “nothing is more important than justice”.
Why have East and West developed such different cultural values？ A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization， however， was nomadic （游牧的）. Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration.
In spite of their differences， the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。
5.What do the two philosophers share about knowledge？
A.The learning of knowledge is easy.
B.The learning of knowledge is endless.
C.A man without knowledge is foolish.
D.A man shall not pretend to understand.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But both also acknowledge ... this is knowledge.（但两者也都承认知识的局限性。苏格拉底说：‘我所知道的就是我一无所知。’孔子也说过：‘知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。’）”可知，两个哲学家都认为知识的学习是无止境的。故选B。
6.Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality？
A.Nothing is more important than a legal system.
B.I am not a Chinese， but a citizen of the world.
C.Not everyone should play his own role in society.
D.A man does what is proper to the position he is in.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Everyone should play ... a subject should act like a subject.’”可知，孔子的思想即“君君臣臣，父父子子”，每个人都应该根据自己所处的位置扮演好自己的角色。故选D。
7.What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values？
A.The difference in political atmosphere.
B.The difference in the length of history.
C.The difference in economic development.
D.The difference in levels of social dependency.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“A widely accepted ... less dependent on society after migration.”可知，东方文明是一种农业文明，需要建立集体社会，而西方文明是游牧文明，对社会的依赖程度低。由此可推知，东西方价值观的差异最本质的原因是对社会依赖程度的不同。故选D。
8.What is the passage mainly about？
A.Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures.
B.The introduction of great figures of two different cultures.
C.Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers.
D.The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要在介绍东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。故选C。
1.character/?k?r kt （r）/n. （汉）字；字体；人物
2.increasing/In?kri?sI?/adj. 逐渐增加的；越来越多的
3.reflect/rI?flekt/v. 反映；显示；沉思；思考
4.harmony/?h??m ni/n. 融洽；和睦
5.attach importance to 重视；认为……重要
6.by contrast 相比之下；与之相比
　精深阅读
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful， or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness， or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable； therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people， just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore， when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops， what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures， silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways， particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example， Russian， French， and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use， persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect， particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化中沉默的含义。
1.What does the author say about silence in conversations？
A.It implies anger.
B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture－specific.
D.It is content－based.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.”和“Silence may be viewed ... a person's needs.”可知，作者认为不同的文化群体对沉默的理解有所不同，所以作者认为谈话中的沉默具有文化特异性。故选C。
2.What does the underlined word “gap” in the first paragraph mean？
A.缺口 B.隔阂
C.间隙 D.漏洞
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable”可知，一些文化群体可能认为沉默极其令人不安；根据画线词所在句“therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation”可知，此句是提出沉默令人不安这一问题的解决方法，此处表示他们会通过谈话填补间隙。画线词gap意为“间隙”。故选C。
3.What may be the best title for the text？
A.What It Means to Be Silent
B.Sound and Silence
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver； Silence Is Gold
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段可知，沉默的含义在不同的文化群体中有所不同，文章主要介绍了不同文化中沉默的含义，A项（沉默意味着什么）最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
4.Where is the passage probably taken from？
A.A guidebook.
B.A travel journal.
C.An official document.
D.A research magazine.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同文化中沉默的含义，即研究沉默在不同文化中的含义，所以本文有可能选自研究杂志。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
（一）热词
1.vary v. （使）不同，（使）呈现差异
2.thoughtful adj. 深思熟虑的；沉思的
3.extremely adv. 极度，非常
4.imply v. 暗示，暗指
5.reflection n. 深思，反省
（二）高频短语
1.view ... as ... 把……视为……
2.be aware of 意识到，知道
3.come across 遇到
4.allow sb/sth to do sth 允许某人/某物做某事
5.assist in 协助
（三）根据语境填入恰当的内容
1.Old people are particularly （particular） vulnerable members of our society.
2.The police who broke into the house were only acting under instructions （instruct）.
3.Doctors have to lay their personal （person） feelings aside.
（四）写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
1.He was in his late eighties and had become the community's most respected elder.长者
2.Her relationship with her father isn't good， but she's very close to her mother.关系
3.She had already sold everything of value that she possessed.价值
（五）用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1.Grammar information enables students to map the structure of a foreign language onto their own.construction
2.She is always bad－tempered， consequently doesn't have many friends.therefore
3.When the car was first built， the design was considered as highly original.viewed
（六）长难句分析
　However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.
句意：然而，墨西哥人在受到权威人士的指导时可能会保持沉默，而不是粗鲁地与其争论。
分析：句子主干为Mexicans may use silence，是“主谓宾”结构。rather than是并列连词，use silence和 be rude to that person是并列关系。when引导时间状语从句；by arguing with him or her作方式状语。
（七）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.She found herself in conflict with her parents （和她父母有冲突） over her future career.
2.She went to the bathroom， filled a glass with water （把杯子装满水）， and returned to the bed.
（八）仿写句子
　She doesn't view herself as a success.（view ... as ...）
仿写：我把这个机会视为一个人学习和成长的机会。
I view this opportunity as a chance to learn and grow as a person.
40(共167张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2　 BRIDGING CULTURES
单元主题：人与社会——文化沟通与交流
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预习检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业（一）
5
课后课时作业（二）
6
预习检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1.tutor n._______________________________________
2.cite vt. _____________
3.messenger n. _________________
4.edition n. _______________________________________________________
（英国大学中的）助教；导师；家庭教师
引用；引述
送信人；信使
（报纸、杂志）一份；（广播、电视节目） 一期、一辑；版次
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1.　　　　　　 n. （通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历
2.　　　　　 n. 适应；改编本
3.　　　　 n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；抚慰
4.　　　　　vi. 参加；参与
5.　　　　　 vi. 参加；参与（活动）　vt. 吸引（ 注意力、兴趣 ）
6.　　　　 vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加
qualification
adaptation
comfort
participate
participate
involve
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换（可查字典）
1.complex adj. 复杂的；难懂的；（语法）复合的→　　　　　 n. 复杂性，错综复杂
2.ambition n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→　　　　　 adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→　　　　　　 adv. 雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地；热切地
3.presentation n. 报告；陈述；出示；拿出→　　　　 adj. 现在的；出席的　v. 提出；介绍
complexity
ambitious
ambitiously
present
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
recall [熟义] vt.& vi. ________________
[生义] v. 叫回（某人）；收回（有问题的产品）
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1.　　　　　　　　 参加；参与
2.　　　　　　　　 大声点说；明确表态
3.　　　　　　　　 舒服自在；不拘束
4.　　　　　　　　 （使）从事；参与
5.　　　　　　　　 参与；卷入；与……有关联
记起；回想起
participate in
speak up
feel at home
engage in
get involved in
自主学习　课文语篇
“WELCOME， XIE LEI！”
BUSINESS STUDENT BUILDING BRIDGES
“欢迎你，谢蕾！”
商科学生搭建文化交流的桥梁
课文三维剖析
1 连接并列谓语_____和__________
2　 It is the first time that ... 为固定句式，意为“第一次……”，主句谓语是一般过去时时，从句用__________时
3　疑问词＋不定式，作动词know的宾语
Six months ago， 19-year-old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and1 boarded a plane for London. It was the first time that she had left China.2
said
boarded
过去完成
“I was very excited but also quite nervous. I didn't know what to expect3，” Xie Lei recalled.
半年前，19岁的谢蕾告别家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的班机。这是她第一次离开中国。“我很激动，也很紧张，不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆道。
4　连接并列谓语is studying和has come to
5　名词作_____
6　引导原因状语从句
7　连接并列结构to learn和improve；improve前省略了____，二者皆作want的______
8　不定式短语作______
Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and4 has come to our university on a year-long exchange5 programme. “I chose the exchange programme because6 I wanted to learn about global business and7 improve my English. My ambition is to set up8 a business in China after graduation，” she explained.
定语
to
宾语
表语
谢蕾在中国一所大学攻读商科，来我校参加为期一年的交流项目。“之所以选择这个交流项目，是因为我想了解全球商务，并提高我的英语水平。我的志向是毕业后在中国创办一家企业。”她解释道。
9　and连接两个“__________
_____________”结构，作learn的______
10　_______从句（省略引导词__________），修饰things
11　引导__________从句
12　定语从句，修饰words
13　不定式短语作them的_____
At first， Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. “You have to get used to a whole new life，” she said. “I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things9 I didn't know the English names for10. When11 I got lost， I had to ask passers-by for help， but people here speak fast and use words I'm not familiar with12. I ask them to repeat themselves13 a lot！”
疑问词＋
不定式短语
宾语
定语
that/which
时间状语
宾补
起初，谢蕾不得不去适应异国他乡的生活。“你必须习惯一种全新的生活。”她说，“我得学会使用公共交通，学会要到我不知道英文名称的东西。迷路时，我得向路人求助，但是这里的人讲话语速很快，而且使用的是我不熟悉的单词。我老是让他们重复！”
14　名词作定语
15　不定式短语作_____
16　引导_____________从句，解释说明____________
17　引导时间状语从句
18　引导__________从句
19　定语从句，修饰________，省略引导词that
Although some foreign students live in campus14 accommodation， Xie Lei chose to live with a host family15， who16 can help with her adaptation to the new culture. “When17 I miss home， I feel comforted to have a second family，” Xie Lei said. “When18 there's something I don't know or understand19， I can ask them. They are also keen to learn about China.
宾语
非限制性定语
a host family
时间状语
something
20　Laura的_______
21　says的________从句
22　when引导__________从句
23　_____连词，连接前后两个分句
24　疑问词＋不定式短语作_______
Laura， the daughter of my host family20， wants to study in China in the future. We take turns to cook each evening. They really love my stir－fried tomatoes and eggs！ Laura says she always feels hungry21　when she smells it22， so23 I taught her how to cook it24， too.“
同位语
宾语
时间状语
并列
宾补
虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但是谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，有助于她适应异国文化。“有第二个家，想家时我会得到些安慰。”谢蕾说。“当我有不知道或不理解的事情时，我可以咨询他们。他们对中国也很感兴趣，我房东的女儿劳拉将来想到中国求学。我们每晚轮流做饭，他们真的很爱吃我做的番茄炒蛋！劳拉说，每次闻到香味，她就感到饥肠辘辘，于是我教她做这道菜。”
25　引导___________从句
26　引导_______从句
27　______从句
28　__________从句
29　but 连接前后两个that引导的_____从句
30　_____从句
31　引导原因状语从句
32　______从句
33　不定式短语作_______
34　_______状语
Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements. The first time that25 she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that26 she must acknowledge what other people had said27 if she cited their ideas28， but that29 he mainly wanted to know what she thought30！ Xie Lei was confused because31 she thought she knew less than other people32. Her tutor advised her to read lots of information33 in order to form34 a wise opinion of her own.
时间状语
宾语
宾语
条件状语
宾语
宾语
宾语
宾补
目的
谢蕾面临的另一个挑战是学业要求。她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。谢蕾困惑不解，因为她觉得自己懂得没有别人多。她的导师建议她广泛阅读文献，形成自己睿智的观点。
35　______从句
36　______状语
37　need to do sth “需要做某事”。and和as well as 连接的五个不定式短语（后四个省略to），皆作need的______
38　idea的________从句
39　______从句
40　引导______从句
41　介词短语作presentation的_________
Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class35as part of the final result36. Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations37. At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say38， but what surprised her39 was that40 she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. “ My presentation on traditional Chinese art41
宾语
方式
宾语
同位语
主语
表语
后置定语
42　______________从句，解释说明________
43　（不带to的）不定式短语作_______
was a great success，which boosted my confidence42，” she said. “I'll use these skills back home for presentations. They'll help me build a strong business43 in the future.”
非限制性定语
此外，谢蕾发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题，并且还要进行展示。刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么。但使她惊奇的是，没过几周，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。“我的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她说，“回国后，我会将这些技能运用到展示中，帮助我未来打造一家强大的企业。”
success
宾补
44　_______从句
45　___________作____语
46　as well as “除……之外，也”，后跟____________
47　连接两个并列句
48 _________从句
Now halfway through her exchange year， Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. What seemed strange before now44 appears quite normal to her. “Engaging in British culture45 has helped，” she said. “As well as studying hard46， I've been involved in social activities. British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it， so47 I'm keen to share my culture with them. While I'm learning about business48， I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us.”
主语
动名词短语
主
动名词短语
时间状语
现在一年的交流时间已过半，谢蕾感到她在英国的学习和生活自如多了。以前看似奇怪的事情现在对她来说显得十分平常了。“融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”她说，“努力学习之余，我还参加了一些社交活动。英国人对我们的文化十分着迷，渴望了解更多中国文化，因此我也乐于同他们分享。我攻读商科的同时也是一个文化使者，在中外文化之间架起了一座桥梁。”
We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later editions， but for now， we wish her all the best.
我们会在随后的几期中跟踪报道谢蕾的进展情况，但现在我们祝她一切顺利。
（一）填空并连线
阅读领悟
learn about global business and improve English
a host family
how to use public transport
London
a cultural messenger
best wishes
how to cite others’ ideas and form her own opinion
Traditional Chinese art
（二）话题语块
1._____________________________ 为期一年的交流项目
2.set up a business ______________
3.adapt to life _____________
4.be keen to do sth ___________
5._________________轮流做某事
6.stir－fried tomatoes and eggs _________
7._____________形成观点
8._____________非常成功
9._________________ 文化使者
10.eager to do sth ___________
a year－long exchange programme
创办一家企业
适应生活
渴望做某事
take turns to do sth
番茄炒蛋
generate ideas
a great success
a cultural messenger
渴望做某事
（三）高频语法现象
1.名词作定语
①足球赛因暴风雨而中断。
__________________ was interrupted by a storm.
②在车间里，他放着一个工具箱，里面装满各种工具。
In the workshop， he keeps _________ filled with various tools.
The football match
a tool box
（三）高频语法现象
1.名词作定语
①足球赛因暴风雨而中断。
________________ was interrupted by a storm.
②在车间里，他放着一个工具箱，里面装满各种工具。
In the workshop， he keeps _________ filled with various tools.
The football match
a tool box
2.介词短语作后置定语
①我们看到了远方的灯光。
We saw lights______________.
②观光客常常破坏岛上微妙的自然生态平衡。
Tourists often disturb the delicate balance ___________________.
3.疑问词＋不定式（短语）作宾语/宾补
①我将告诉你如何安装这个软件。
I'll show you _______________________.
in the distance
of nature on the island
how to install the software
②你应该告诉你父亲什么时候写作业。
You should tell your father ________________________.
4.动名词（短语）作主语
①随着我们年龄的增长，学习变得越来越困难。
_________ becomes more and more difficult as we get older.
②自己有一台计算机非常有用。
_______________________ is very useful.
when to do the homework
Learning
Having your own computer
5.and，but和so连接并列句
①阳光透过窗户照进来，一切看起来那么明亮。
The sunshine comes in through the window__________________________.
②我并不想催你，但二十分钟后我们就要关门了。
I don't want to hurry you ___________________________.
③他没有告诉你真相，所以不要被他骗了。
He didn't tell you the truth，_______________________.
and everything looks so bright
but we close in twenty minutes
so don't be taken in by him
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
1.qualification n. （通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历（教材P14）
qualify vt.& vi. （使）具备资格；（使）合格
qualified adj. 有资格的；能胜任的
gain/acquire/obtain qualifications 获得资格
without qualification 无条件地
have （no） qualifications for （doing） sth （没）有（做）某事的资格
have （no） qualifications to do sth （没）有做某事的资格
qualify （sb/sth） as ... （使某人/某物）有资格担任/成为……
qualify sb for sth 使某人有资格获得某物
be qualified to do sth 有资格做某事
be qualified for ... 有……的资格；可胜任……
①In this job， experience counts for more than paper qualifications.
担任这项工作，经验比文凭更重要。（应用文写作之通知）
②（全国乙卷）She qualified as a surgeon in 1813， then joined the British Army， serving overseas.
她于1813年获得外科医生资格，然后加入英国军队，在海外服役。
③Since I have worked as a volunteer in different activities， I believe that I am qualified to fill the position you advertised for.
因为我担任过不同活动的志愿者，所以我相信我能胜任您所招聘的职位。（应用文写作之申请信）
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She was chosen for the job on the basis of her ______________（qualify）.
②A person with an appreciation of art and literature is qualified ____ the job.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我们的父母也在逐渐成长为合格的父亲和母亲，所以有时候我们需要理解并原谅他们。（应用文写作之建议信）
Our parents are still growing into _________________________， so we need to understand and forgive them sometimes.
④经过7年的学习，约翰获得了当医生的资格。
After 7 years of study， John __________________________________ to become a doctor.
qualifications
for
qualified fathers and mothers
gained/acquired/obtained qualifications
2.adaptation n. 适应；改编本（教材P14）
adapt vt.& vi. （使）适应　vt. 改写，改编
adaptable adj. 能适应的，有适应能力的
adapt （oneself） to ... （使某人）适应……
be adapted for .../from ... 改编成……/改编自……
①Evolution occurs as a result of adaptation to new environments.
进化是适应新环境的结果。
②It is the species that are most adaptable to change that survive.
生存下来的是最能适应变化的物种。
③The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.
孩子们很容易适应新的环境，这对他们来说是一件好事。
【易混辨析】
adapt v. （使）适应；使适合；改编；改造；修改
adapt to new market 适应新市场
adapt this novel 改编这本小说
adopt v. 采取，采纳；收养
adopt an idea 采纳观点
adopt a child 收养一个孩子
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①To ensure success，it is important to be ____________ and make necessary ___________ to changing. （adapt）
【学会表达】翻译
②这部剧是根据小说改编的，但导演对故事情节做了重大改动。
__________________________________________________________________________________
③我决不会采用他的任何一个方法。
___________________________________________
adaptable
adaptations
The play was adapted from the novel， but the director made significant changes to
the storyline.
In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods.
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；抚慰（教材P14）
comfortable adj. 舒服的；舒适的
comfortably adv. 舒服地，安逸地
discomfort n. 不适　vt. 使不舒服
uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的；不自在的
uncomfortably adv. 不舒服地；令人不安地
take/draw comfort from/in 从/在……中得到安慰
in comfort 舒适地
comfort sb for sth 因某事而安慰某人
comfort oneself/sb with sth 用某物安慰自己/某人
①The gentle breeze stroked his head as if comforting all his tiredness.
微风轻抚着他的头，仿佛在安慰他所有的疲惫。（读后续写之环境描写）
②（新课标Ⅱ卷）I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员感觉更舒服、更自信地说英语。
③The kitten had settled comfortably in her arms and was purring enthusiastically.
小猫舒服地卧在她怀里，起劲地打着呼噜。（读后续写之动物描写）
④You can take some comfort in the fact that you did your best.
你已经尽力了，这一点可以让你感到安慰。
⑤Surely there is some way of ordering our busy lives so that we can live in comfort and find spiritual harmony too.
一定会有办法把我们繁忙的生活安排得既舒适又能找到内心的平静。
【小小语义场】表示安慰与鼓励的相关短语
pat sb on the shoulder 拍拍某人的肩膀
hold/take sb in one's arms 把某人拥在怀里
throw one's arms around sb tightly without hesitation 毫不犹豫地紧紧拥抱某人
cast a comforting glance at sb 安慰地看了某人一眼
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I know she goes out a lot at night， but I take comfort _____ the fact that she's always with friends.
②She comforted __________（she） with the thought that it would soon be spring.
【学会表达】翻译
③I became uncomfortably aware that the people at the next table were watching me.
________________________________________
④Be the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.
__________________________________________
⑤她好不容易才把身体转为一个比较舒服的姿势。
___________________________________________________________
from
herself
我意识到旁桌的人在看我，感到很不自在。
先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。
With difficulty， she rolled her body into a more comfortable position.
4.participate vi. 参加；参与（教材P15）
participation n. 参加；参与
participant n. 参加者；参与者
participate in 参加；参与
①When holidays came， there were Yangko and stilt shows with people eager to participate.
过节时会有人们渴望参加的扭秧歌、踩高跷表演。
②Looking forward to your active participation.
期待你的积极参与。（应用文写作之邀请信）
③All participants will gather at the school gate at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
所有参加者明天早上8点钟在校门口集合。（应用文写作之通知）
④In order to encourage students to actively participate in sports， our school held a basketball game in the school gym last Saturday afternoon.
为了鼓励学生积极参加体育运动，我们学校上周六下午在学校体育馆举办了一场篮球比赛。（应用文写作之报道）
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①When I saw your volunteer recruitment information， I had no hesitation in applying for it for I really want to participate ___ this activity. （应用文写作之申请信）
②As an active _____________（participate） in various volunteer work， I have a lot of experience in serving others. （应用文写作之申请信）
in
participant
【学会表达】完成句子
③老师鼓励学生更多地参与班级决策。
Teachers encourage students ____________________________ class decision－making.
④我很沮丧，因为我没有进入全国歌唱大赛，我一直很想参加这个比赛。（读后续写之心理描写）
I'm frustrated at not entering into the national singing competition，_____________
__________________________.
to have more participation in
which I have
long wanted to participate in
5.engage vi. 参加；参与（活动）　vt. 吸引（注意力、兴趣）；雇用，聘请（教材P15）
engaged adj. 已订婚的；忙于……的；从事……的；被占用的
engagement n. 约定；预约；订婚
engage in （使）从事；参与
engage sb to do 聘请某人做某事
engage sb as 聘请某人为……；聘请某人担任……
engage sb's interests/attention 吸引某人的兴趣/注意力
be/get engaged to sb 和某人订婚
be/get engaged in/on sth 忙于/从事某事
①I tried to reach him， but the line was engaged.
我尝试过联系他，但电话占线。
②She will be unable to attend the meeting because of a prior engagement.
因事先有别的安排，她将无法出席该会议。
③We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell the stories of China well.
我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事。（文化自信）
④He was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg.
他曾在萨尔茨堡担任宫廷音乐家。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①For the past three years， I have been engaged ______ chairman of the Student Union in our school.
②It is a traditional custom of a man giving betrothal gift （聘礼） to a woman when they get __________（engage）， which still exists in modern Chinese society.
as
engaged
【学会表达】完成句子
③如果一本书的前几页不能引起我的兴趣，我通常不会继续读下去。
If a book doesn't ______________________________________， I don't usually continue reading it.
④一项调查显示，参加课外活动的高中生比不参加课外活动的高中生更快乐。
A survey shows that senior high students __________________________________
are happier than those who are not.
engage my interest in the first few pages
who are engaged in after school activities
6.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使） 参加；使卷入（教材P15）
involved adj. 参与的；有关联的；复杂的；专心于……的
involvement n. 参加；参与；沉迷
involve doing sth 包含/需要做某事
involve ... in ... 使……卷入……；使……参与……
involve with sb 与某人有密切关系
get/be/become involved with/in 参与/涉及……；专注于……
①Her job involves filing and other general office work.
她的工作包括归档和其他一般的办公室工作。
②Students should involve themselves actively in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生们应该积极参加社区活动，在那里他们能够获得成长的经验。（应用文写作之建议信）
③She's been involved with animal rights for many years.
多年来，她一直致力于保护动物的权利。（人物介绍）
④No matter what you like to do， there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
无论你喜欢做什么，总有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。（应用文写作之倡议书）
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I don't want to do anything that will involve me ___ a long-term commitment.
②They said that the job would involve ___________（travel） to Paris.
③She was very involved ________ sports at college， and her studies suffered.
Travel(l)ing
with/in
in
【学会表达】翻译
④她在日常生活中要接触很多人。
______________________________________
⑤所有的老师和学生都积极参加了越野跑比赛。（应用文写作之报道）
_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Her daily life involved meeting lots of people.
All the teachers and students got actively involved in/with the cross－country
running race.
1.complex adj. 复杂的；难懂的；（语法）复合的→complexity n. 复杂性，错综复杂
In order to explain complex science to a lay audience， scientists and journalists are prone to progressively downplay the complexity.
为了向外行的听众解释复杂的科学，科学家和新闻记者越来越倾向于减少复杂程度。
2.ambition n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地；热切地
When I was young I never had any ambition. But my brother was ambitious and he always ambitiously did whatever he wanted to do.
年轻的时候，我从来没有任何抱负。但是我哥哥雄心勃勃，他总是劲头十足地做任何他想做的事。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I was astonished by the size and __________（complex） of the problem.
②With everything changing for the better， I have become more motivated and a lot more ____________（ambition）.
【学会表达】翻译
③他是个极其复杂的人。
______________________________
④如果你想实现你的抱负，你必须努力工作，做好充分的准备。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
complexity
ambitious
He was an unusually complex man.
If you want to achieve/realize/fulfill your ambition， you must work hard and get
fully prepared.
recall
[熟义]vt.& vi. 记起；回想起
[生义]v. ____________________________________
①He had a good memory， and could totally recall her spoken words.
他的记忆力很好，能完全回忆出她说过的话。
②Both countries recalled their ambassadors.
两个国家都召回了各自的大使。
叫回（某人）；收回（有问题的产品）
③The company said it was recalling one of its drugs and had stopped selling two others.
该公司说它正在收回它的一种药品，而且已经停售了另外两种药品。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①I can't recall meeting her before. ____________
remember
【学会表达】翻译
②The company recalled thousands of jars of baby food after a health crisis.
________________________________________________
③我回想起我们第一次见面的那一天，那是一个阳光明媚的下午，我们聊得很开心。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在一次健康危机后，该公司收回了数千罐婴儿食品。
I recalled the day when we first met； it was a sunny afternoon and we had a great
conversation.
探究二　短语
speak up 大声点说；明确表态（教材P15）
up其他相关短语：
put up 建造；举起；张贴
eat up 吃光；耗尽
cut up 切碎；使伤心
fix up 修理；安顿；安排
set up 建立；设立
cheer up 高兴起来，（使）振作
hang up 挂断电话；搁置；拖延
bring up 养育；抚养；养大
①We will speak up for our rights and hope to bring change through our voices.
我们将为我们的权利大声疾呼，希望通过我们的声音带来改变。
②（全国甲卷）I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.
我已经搬过很多次家了，我总是喜欢使我的房间个性化并挂上照片。
③Don't eat up all the cake！ Save some for the others.
别把蛋糕全吃光了！给其他人留一些。
④I've fixed up （for us） to go to the theatre next week.
我已安排好（我们）下周去看戏。
⑤My own mother was brought up very strictly and correctly.
我自己的母亲从小就受到严格且正确的教育。
【学会运用】选词填空（bring up/speak up/cheer up）
①Instead， we should keep thinking all the time and ________ if we think there are mistakes in our teachers' words or in books.
②Don't disappoint your friends who help you __________ from despair.
③Many women still take career breaks to ________ children.
speak up
cheer up
bring up
【学会表达】翻译
④他们搭起帐篷，安歇下来过夜。
____________________________________________
⑤我稍后给你回电话，现在先挂断。
____________________________________
They put up their tents and settled down for the night.
I'll call you back later， just hang up now.
探究三　长难句分析
　1.I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.（教材P14）
我得学会使用公共交通，学会要到我不知道英文名称的东西。
【分析】　句子主干为I had to learn ...，是“主谓宾”结构。and连接两个并列宾语：how to use public transport 和 how to ask for things，且两个并列宾语是“疑问词＋不定式”结构；I didn’t know the English names for是省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰things。
疑问词＋不定式结构：
除了作宾语，也可作主语、宾补或表语。疑问词包括疑问代词 （who， whom， what， which） 和疑问副词（when， where， how， why）
能接此结构作宾语的常见动词（短语）有： tell， show， teach， learn， know， wonder， discuss， remember， forget， find out等
可转换为从句
①I really don't know what to write about. （作宾语）
我实在不知道该写些什么。
②Where to hold the meeting is not known yet. （作主语）
在哪里开会还不知道呢。
③Our teacher advised us which to choose as after school activities. （作宾补）
我们老师建议我们选择哪一个作为课外活动。
④We must first solve the problem of whom to serve.（疑问词＋不定式）
＝We must first solve the problem of whom we serve.（宾语从句）
我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。
【学会运用】语境填空
①I am scared that I don't know ____________________________（在公众面前做些什么）. In the past few days， I was still learning _____________（如何跳舞） from the teacher of our school.
【学会表达】一句多译
②为了应付生活，你需要学习如何应对生活中的艰辛。
In order to cope with life， you need to learn_______________________________.
＝In order to cope with life， you need to learn_____________________________
_______.
what to do in front of the public
how to deal with the hardships of life
how you deal with the hardships
of life
how to dance
2.The first time that she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas， but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！（教材P14）
她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
【分析】　the first time that ... 意为“第一次……时”，that在句中引导时间状语从句，也可省略；本句主干为her tutor explained＋that从句，由but连接两个that引导的宾语从句。what other people had said是acknowledge的宾语从句，if引导条件状语从句。what she thought是know的宾语从句。当某一动词后接两个或两个以上的由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个that 可以省略，但第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 均不能省略。
（1）常见引导时间状语从句的名词（短语）：
the moment/minute/second/instant ... 等，意为“一……就……”（＝as soon as ...）
every time /each time/（the） next time/the day等
（2）宾语从句中不能省略that的其他情况：
it作形式宾语
that引导的宾语从句中主语为that或this
主句与that引导的宾语从句之间有插入语
①The first time （that） I visited Zhangjiajie， I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.
我第一次游览张家界时，就被它美丽的景色深深打动了。（景点描写）
②The moment I closed my eyes， I fell asleep.
我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。
③Every time she heard his name， she dissolved into tears.
每当听到他的名字时，她都禁不住泪流满面。
④He said （that） he would go to a tennis competition and that he wanted me to go with him.
他说他要去看网球比赛，并且想让我跟他一起去。
⑤We all consider it important that children should drink plenty of milk as they grow.
我们都认为孩子在长身体时应该多喝牛奶，这很重要。
⑥They told me that this was what they wanted.
他们告诉我这就是他们想要的。
【学会运用】选词填空（every time/the moment）
①I unpacked my bags ___________ I arrived.
②__________ they went dancing they ended up in a bad mood.
the moment
Every time
【学会表达】翻译
③现在她对这首诗表现出了极大的兴趣，但是在她第一次读它时，她认为它很无聊。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
④他告诉我他妈妈病了，他必须在医院照顾她。
_________________________________________________________________________________
She shows great interest in this poem now， but she thought it very boring the first
time （that） she read it.
He told me （that） his mother was ill and that he had to take care of her in the
hospital.
3.Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations.（教材P15）
学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题，并且还要进行展示。
【分析】　本句主干为Students need to do sth，为“主谓宾”结构；其中generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， raise questions， give presentations为并列宾语，由and和as well as 连接。as well as 意为“以及；既……又……；除了……之外，还有……”。
as well as用来连接两个相同成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词、分词等，意为“和，以及”，通常不位于句首，此时强调的重点在其前面
as well as位于句首时，意为“除了……之外，还有……”，其后可接名词、动名词等
当as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词须和as well as前面的主语在数上保持一致
①Responsibility and reliability are necessary qualifications， as well as a friendly and outgoing personality.
责任感和可靠性是必需的素质，友善和外向的性格也必不可少。（应用文写作之招募启事）
②As well as a good academic record， I look for people who've climbed mountains or been captain of a team.
除了良好的学习成绩外，我还会寻找曾经爬过山或当过团队队长的人。
③The talent player， as well as her parents， was surrounded by the reporters.
这位天才选手和她的父母被记者们围起来了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He as well as I ______（be） satisfied with the contest result yesterday.
②As well as _______（sing） some classic music， she sings pop music very well.
【学会表达】翻译
③人生在世，总是有苦有甜。
___________________________________________________
④学生和他们的家人，以及学校的工作人员和老师聚在一起参加了这次活动。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
was
You will always have the bad as well as the good in the world.
singing
Students and their families， as well as school staff and teachers， came together
to join in the activity.
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一　高频词汇
（一）写出下列单词和短语的英文
1.________vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加
2.__________ n. 适应；改编本
3._________ n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；抚慰
4.____________ n. （通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历
5.___________ v. 参加；参与
6.__________ （使）从事；参与
7.____________ 舒服自在；不拘束
involve
adaptation
comfort
qualification
participate
engage in
feel at home
8.___________ 参加；参与
9.______________ 参与；卷入；与……有关联
10.________大声点说；明确表态
（二）写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1.I knew very well that the problem was more complex than he supposed.________
2.The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers. ______
3.This recipe is an adaptation of an old favourite. _________
4.I admire the clear， logical presentation of her arguments. _____
5.It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye. _______
participate in
get involved in
speak up
复杂的
收回
改编本
陈述
吸引
维度二　语境运用
（三）根据语境填入恰当的内容
1.Decide when ________（turn） back or take a break to prevent accidents and ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.
2.After a whirlwind romance the couple announced their ____________（engage） in July.
to turn
engagement
3.Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating ___a choir， engaging in such a cognitive stimulator as we age could be beneficial.
4.It makes no difference to me ______ we shall spend our holiday， for what I need is only relaxation.
5.My starting salary as a newly _________（qualify） teacher wasn't enough to support a family.
in
where
qualified
（四）用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
cite， recall， participate， presentation， ambition
1.Don't quote me on this， but I think he is going to resign.____
2.He has never had any aspiration to earn a lot of money. _______
3.Their report put ours to shame. ____________
4.I'd like to invite you to join in our Chinese Culture activity. __________
5.He remembered that she always came home late on Wednesdays. _______
cite
ambition
presentation
participate
recalled
维度三　能力提升
（五）长难句分析
Tourists may come across an area in which golden snub nosed monkeys that are ill or injured are treated before they go back into the forest.
分析：句子主干是 ____________________________。in which是“介词＋关系代词”引导______从句，修饰限定area；that引导定语从句，修饰_________；before引导_________从句。
Tourists may come across an area
定语
monkeys
时间状语
（六）句型转换
1.An expert can show you how to use the different types of equipment.（宾语从句）
→An expert can show you__________________________________________.
2.As soon as he got inside， the dog shook himself.
→______________________________ he got inside， the dog shook himself.
how you can use the different types of equipment
The moment/minute/second/instant
维度四　素养提升
（七）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.As a child he was very much an outsider， never _______________________
___________（参加） the games other children played.
2.We'll all do our best to ____________________（使你舒服自在）.
3.Girls are more likely _____________________（经常发言） and make significant contributions to class.
participating in/engaging in/
involving in
make you feel at home
to speak up frequently
（八）翻译
1.我第一次在公共场合发表演讲时很焦虑。（the first time 作连词）
____________________________________________________________
2.最后，健谈的人很清楚如何处理争论的场合。（疑问词＋不定式作宾语）
_________________________________________________________________
The first time （that） I delivered a speech in public I was quite anxious.
Finally， good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of argument.
课后课时作业（一）
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
Body language is no doubt the quiet， secret and most powerful language of all！ It speaks 　1　 than words. According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize. In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean， and body language is particularly 　4　 when we attempt to communicate across cultures.
Indeed， what is called body language is so much a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur because of it. 　5　， different societies treat the distance between people 　6　. Northern Europeans usually do not like having body 　7　 even with friends， and certainly not with 　8　. People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore， it's possible that in conversation， it may look like a Latino is 　9　 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer. But the Norwegian， very probably seeing this as pushiness， will keep stepping backward， which the Latino will regard as 　11　.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在跨文化交际时肢体语言的重要性。
Clearly， a great deal is going on when people 　12　. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties （当事人） are from different cultures， there's a strong possibility of 　13　. But whatever the situation is， the best 　14　 is to obey the Golden Rule： behave to others as you would like to be 　15　.
1.A.louder B.safer
C.harder D.further
解析：loud 大声的；safe 安全的；hard 努力的；further 更进一步的。根据下文“According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize.”可知，此处指肢体语言比语言表达更有力。故选A。
2.A.sounds B.invitations
C.interests D.messages
解析：句意：根据专家的说法，我们的身体发出的信息比我们意识到的要多。sound 声音；invitation 邀请；interest 兴趣；message 信息。故选D。
3.A.hands out B.takes up
C.shows off D.goes over
解析：hand out 分发；take up 占据；从事；show off 炫耀；go over 复习。根据本句中的“non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，此处指非语言交际传达的信息约占我们真正表达信息的一半。故选B。
4.A.immediate B.dependent
C.important D.difficult
解析：immediate 立即的；dependent 依赖的；important 重要的；difficult 困难的。根据上文“In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，非语言交际传达的信息约占我们真正表达信息的一半，所以此处指肢体语言对于交流很重要。故选C。
5.A.As a result B.For example
C.What's more D.In short
解析：as a result 结果；因此；for example 例如；what‘s more 而且；in short 总之。根据上文“attempt to communicate across cultures”和“misunderstandings occur because of it”以及下文举例可知，此处是对上文跨文化交际会产生误解的举例说明。故选B。
6.A.excitedly B.differently
C.comfortably D.confidently
解析：句意：例如，不同的社会群体对待人与人之间的距离是不同的。故选B。
7.A.weight B.pose
C.contact D.stress
解析：根据上文“different societies treat the distance between people 　6　”以及下文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”可知，此处指和拉丁美洲人相比，北欧人不喜欢身体上的接触。故选C。
8.A.strangers B.relatives
C.neighbours D.enemies
解析：stranger 陌生人；relative 亲戚；neighbour 邻居；enemy 敌人。根据上文“do not like having body 　7　 even with friends”可知，此处指当然更不用说和陌生人有身体上的接触了。故选A。
9.A.disturbing B.helping
C.guiding D.following
解析：根据上文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”以及下文“a Norwegian all over the room”可知，北欧人想保持距离，拉美人想要通过肢体接触来表示友好，所以会一直跟着挪威人满屋子转。故选D。
10.A.reveal B.predict
C.express D.assess
解析：reveal 揭示；显示；predict 预言；预计；express 表达；表露；assess 估计；评价。根据下文“friendship， will keep moving closer”可知，拉美人会通过近距离接触来表达友谊。故选C。
11.A.weakness B.carelessness
C.friendliness D.coldness
解析：weakness 弱点；carelessness 粗心；friendliness 友好；coldness 冷漠。根据上文“The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer.”可知，拉美人通过近距离接触来表达友谊，所以挪威人不断后退就会被拉美人当成是一种冷漠。故选D。
12.A.talk B.shout
C.laugh D.think
解析：根据下文“And only a part of it is in the words themselves.”可知，此处指在人们谈话的时候，会传达很多信息。故选A。
13.A.curiosity B.anger
C.misunderstanding D.nervousness
解析：句意：当双方来自不同的文化背景时，很有可能会产生误解。curiosity 好奇心；anger 愤怒；misunderstanding 误解；nervousness 紧张。故选C。
14.A.chance B.time
C.influence D.advice
解析： chance 机会；时机；time 时间；influence 影响；advice 建议。根据下文“obey the Golden Rule”以及语境可知，此处指最好的建议。故选D。
15.A.noticed B.treated
C.respected D.pleased
解析：根据上文“behave to others as you would like to be”可知，此处指你希望怎样被对待，那就怎样对待别人。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
For most people traveling abroad， their first choice is probably to make a beeline for （直奔） tourist sights. For me， I find lots of joy in grocery shopping on holiday.
As a vegetarian， finding restaurants that meet my needs is not always easy abroad.
　1　 The first thing I do， after dropping my bags off， is to go to a grocery store. That enables me to cook breakfast in the morning without walking around for hours trying to find “vegan breakfast” near me.
The variety of foods attracts me every time I travel somewhere new. In Malta， I found the most delicious chocolate－filled cakes， a product I would struggle to find even in the UK. 　2　 I was so delighted that I could enjoy such an unexpected treat. Another surprise was their selection of ice cream available even in the smallest grocery stores.
　3　 Looking for smoked tofu and corn pancakes turns into quite a mission whenever I visit Cluj－Napoca in Romania. There is usually only one variety of smoked tofu， sold in a very small tub （食品盒） and only in the cafeteria section. 　4　 That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.
Grocery shopping on holiday sounds unusual. But it means being involved in the day-to-day lives of a country's citizens. I can pretend I am a local and put myself in their shoes. I can watch kids begging their parents for sweets， an international experience that needs no language， or watch couples pick up snacks and drinks for a party on a Friday night. 　5__　
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为一名素食主义者，在旅行过程中喜欢去当地的食品杂货店购物，并通过购物体验当地市民的日常生活。作者认为这是一个有趣而且可以让自己像当地人一样融入当地文化的做法。
A.I ended up eating these every day for breakfast.
B.The challenge of finding food is interesting， too.
C.So I always make sure to book a place with a kitchen.
D.Grocery shopping was a vital part of the holiday experience.
E.It's an act of understanding people as much as of buying food.
F.Corn pancakes always require a trip to the bigger grocery store.
G.By wandering around in a new country， I start to see what they value.
1．答案：C
解析：根据前文“As a vegetarian ... always easy abroad.”可知，作者是一名素食主义者，因此在旅游时找到满足自己需求的餐馆并不容易。C项（所以我总是确保预订一个带厨房的地方。）承接前文，符合语境。故选C。
2．答案：A
解析：根据前文“In Malta ... in the UK.”可知，作者发现了一种美味的巧克力夹心蛋糕。A项（后来我每天早餐都吃这个。）承接前文，其中的these指代前文的chocolate－filled cakes。故选A。
3．答案：B
解析：根据后文“Looking for ... in Romania.”可知，此处指作者喜欢在旅游过程中寻找食物。B项（寻找食物的挑战也很有趣。）引出后文。故选B。
4．答案：F
解析：根据后文“That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.”可知，它们在较小的商店里永远都买不到。F项（玉米煎饼总是需要去大一点的杂货店购买。）引出后文。故选F。
5．答案：E
解析：根据前文“But it means being involved in ... a Friday night.”可知，通过购物可以体验当地市民的日常生活。E项（这既是一种购买食品的行为，也是一种理解他人的方式。）承接前文，指出通过购物可以让自己像当地人一样融入当地文化的做法。故选E。
Ⅲ　语法填空
（浙江高考1月）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family size this and multi buy that. However， if you're shopping for one， buying extra 　1　 （benefit） from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 　2　 you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
Of course， shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　3　 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities， that's 　4　 they'll promote. But that leaves the solo （单独） customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “ buy one get one free ” promotions because of the 　5　 （criticize） that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However， though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages， it would help even more if they could sometimes 　6　 （offer） in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce， then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years， some supermarkets 　7　 （start） selling chicken or salad in packs 　8　 （design） with two halves containing separate portions （份）. Then， when you use one section， 　9　 other stays fresh.
Who knows， perhaps some of the more forward looking 　10　 （one） may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了商家各式各样的促销手段。
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
1．答案：to benefit
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处指多买一件来享受降价，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。
2．答案：or
解析：考查连词。either ... or ... 为固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”。故填or。
3．答案：that/which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为way，指物，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
4．答案：what
解析：考查表语从句的连接词。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作promote的宾语，意为“……的事物”。故填what。
5．答案：criticism
解析：考查词性转换。根据设空前的定冠词the可知，设空处应用名词作宾语，criticism意为“批评”，为不可数名词。故填criticism。
6．答案：be offered
解析：考查动词的语态和情态动词。主语they指代前文中的sausages，与动词offer之间为被动关系，且情态动词could后应用动词原形。故填be offered。
7．答案：have started
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语some supermarkets为复数，助动词应用have。故填have started。
8．答案：designed
解析：考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语packs与动词design之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。
9．答案：the
解析：考查冠词。one ... the other ... 为固定搭配，意为“一个……，另外一个……”。故填the。
10．答案：ones
解析：考查代词。some of后应用复数。故填ones。
Studying abroad may be exciting， but it is a little less exciting when you face all the cultural differences in a single day.
When I was in middle school， I decided to make a cultural exchange in Munich， Germany during my first year studying German. The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
精深阅读
As soon as we landed， we were greeted by the boys and girls who had been assigned to us. I was assigned to Alana， a typical German girl. When we were on the bus， we listened to some music and sang out loud， which are usually done during school trips by Italian kids. Being watched by all the German kids， we realized our behavior led to an abnormal climate for them.
What I feared most was that I had to face another culture all by myself. Once we arrived home， we introduced ourselves. At lunchtime， we decided to go to a restaurant in the area. Before entering the restaurant， Alana's father， Max， opened the door first for himself， and then he let us in. The first thing I thought was how rude it was， and then I knew that German males go in rooms first to make sure the place is safe， then let the women in.
After dinner， we saw a soccer match between German teams， and for the first time I realized how soccer is a very popular sport， just like in Italy. Totally different from the Italian culture， at 10：00 pm we were already in bed. This was my first time going to bed at that time. I rolled over in bed and couldn't get to sleep quickly.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加文化交流活动的经历，提到了作者在其他文化中体验到了不同的事物以及作者的感悟。
This exchange made me realize the differences between cultures and how culture shock， which is only a concept students study at school， works， but especially I learned that what seems normal to me can be something very improper in another country， even if that country is just a few miles away.
1.What can we know about the cultural exchange the author took part in？
A.It combined German culture with Italian culture.
B.It helped her learn about German kids' lifestyle.
C.Its aim was to teach Italian students standard German.
D.Its focus was on students with multicultural backgrounds.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The exchange ... the Italian culture.（这次交流包括在被分配的家庭度过十天，体验德国孩子的生活和他们的行为，并观察德国文化和意大利文化之间的异同。）”可知，作者参加的文化交流活动帮助她了解了德国孩子的生活方式。故选B。
2.What may the German kids think about singing out loud on the bus？
A.Understandable. B.Exciting.
C.Unwelcome. D.Funny.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Being watched ... led to an abnormal climate for them.（在所有德国孩子的注视下，我们意识到我们的行为给他们带来了不正常的氛围。）”可推知，德国的孩子们认为在公交车上大声唱歌是不被接受的。故选C。
3.Why do German males go in rooms first according to the author？
A.To stress their leadership position in the family.
B.To protect the family from possible danger.
C.To order food for the family in advance.
D.To show respect for guests.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“The first thing ... then let the women in.（我首先想到的是这是多么粗鲁，后来我才知道德国男性会先进去确保房间是安全的，然后才让女性进去。）”可知，德国男性先进房间是为了保护家人免遭可能的危险。故选B。
4.What does the author draw from her experience？
A.Culture shock can be difficult to deal with.
B.Students should develop their adaptive ability.
C.Studying abroad can be beneficial in many ways.
D.Culture shock can be a common and normal phenomenon.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“This exchange made me realize ... is just a few miles away.”可知，这次交流让作者意识到了不同文化之间的差异，以及文化冲击是如何起作用的。在自己看来正常的事情在另一个国家可能是非常不合适的，所以作者从她的经历中得出的结论是文化冲击可以是一种普遍而正常的现象。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
（一）热词
1._________ n. 交流；交换
2.________ v. 包括，包含
3._________ v. 观察，注意到
4.______ v. 欢迎，迎接
5.______ n. 冲击；令人震惊的事
exchange
include
observe
greet
shock
（二）高频短语
1.______________ 决定做某事
2.similarities and differences between ... and ... ______________________________
3.__________ 一……就……
4._____________ 被分配给……
5._______ 导致
decide to do sth
……和……之间的相似与不同之处
as soon as
be assigned to
lead to
（三）根据语境填入恰当的内容
1.That is the fundamental ___________（differ） between the two societies.
2.This opera is one of the __________（culture） totems of Western civilization.
3.She seemed ______（total） absorbed in her book.
（四）写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
1.We need to create a climate in which students can improve their studies.______
2.It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip._________
3.The moment I saw her， I realized something was wrong. _________
difference
cultural
totally
氛围
正常的
意识到
（五）用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1.Some people think it is impolite to ask someone's age._____
2.Some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers.__________
3.It's becoming fashionable to have long hair again.________
rude
experience
popular
（六）长难句分析
　The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
句意：这次交流包括在被分配的家庭度过十天，体验德国孩子的生活和他们的行为，并观察德国文化和意大利文化之间的异同。
分析：句子主干为___________________________________。at the home of the assigned family作________，不定式短语to experience ... 和to observe ... 作________；how和what均引导______从句。
The exchange included spending ten days
地点状语
目的状语
宾语
（七）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.______________ （第一次）， I realized the importance of learning English.
2.We can see nearly everything happening _____________________（千里之外） and communicate with people in different lands without leaving home.
（八）仿写句子
　The results of their experiments have already been published. （现在完成时的被动语态）
仿写：显然，许多传统节日已经代代相传。
___________________________________________________________________
For the first time
thousands of miles away
Clearly，many traditional festivals have been passed down for many generations.
课后课时作业（二）
较易题（占比50%）　中档题（占比50%）　拔高题（占比0%）
题号 A B
难度 ★ ★★
阅读
A
While English is getting more important in our schools， Chinese has become popular among foreign kids. But Chinese can be more difficult to learn. At least 16 year old Piao Chenglong thinks so. “English is easier for me. Chinese characters have too many strokes （笔画），” said Piao. “But I want to learn it. I want to study at Beijing University when I grow up.” Piao is from Korea. He came to China in 2008.
In Korea， there are more than 300，000 Chinese learners like Piao. Some Korean students begin to learn to write the language on their first day at school. To help students learn Chinese， Korea holds speaking competitions for high school students every year.
Chinese isn't just popular in Korea. People from all the world want to learn it. The Ministry of Education of China says that nearly 130 million people from 85 countries are learning Chinese. This number will be increasing to 800 million in the coming years.
In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish. Some American middle schools have Chinese classes. Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots. Some even try to write and draw in the Chinese way！
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着中国在世界上变得越来越重要，有越来越多的外国学生开始学习汉语。
People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country. Foreign countries want to understand China better to help them with business. The Chinese government is also helping the world learn Chinese. It has sent more than 200 Chinese teachers to more than 60 countries in the world. Many more Confucius Institutes （孔子学院） will be set up in the world. These institutes will teach Chinese to foreign students.
1.Where does Piao Chenglong come from？
A.China. B.America.
C.Korea. D.Spain.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Piao is from Korea.”可知，朴成龙来自韩国。故选C。
2.According to the text， some American middle school students learn to do the following EXCEPT 　　　　.
A.making jiaozi
B.writing and drawing in the Chinese way
C.tying Chinese knots
D.singing Chinese songs
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Students learn to make jiaozi ... in the Chinese way！”可知，一些美国中学生学习包饺子、打中国结、用中国的方式书写和绘画，没有提到唱中文歌。故选D。
3.Why do foreign people want to learn Chinese？
A.Because Chinese is getting more important in their schools.
B.Because Chinese characters have too many strokes.
C.Because the number of people learning Chinese will be 800 million.
D.Because China is becoming more and more important in the world.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country.”可知，外国人想要学习汉语是因为中国正在世界上变得越来越重要。故选D。
4.Which of the following is the topic sentence for the text？
A.Chinese has become popular among foreign kids.
B.Chinese can be more difficult to learn.
C.In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish.
D.Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots.
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“While English is ... among foreign kids.”及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了汉语在外国孩子中很受欢迎。故选A。
B
There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular， Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social
status than to their inner qualities， while Westerners think the opposite. However， Socrates （Ancient Greek philosopher） and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal.
Both philosophers share several teachings in common； for example， their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good， knowledge； and only one evil， ignorance.” Similarly， Confucius said， “Isn’t it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned？” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said： “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly， Confucius said， “ When you know a thing， to hold you know it； when you don't know a thing， to allow you don't know it—this is knowledge.”
However， there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue （德行）. Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance， when asked how to govern a country， Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor， a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates， however， places self－knowledge over social knowledge.
Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination （支配）. Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn't through legal system， but through virtue. Socrates， by contrast， declared that “nothing is more important than justice”.
Why have East and West developed such different cultural values？ A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization， however， was nomadic （游牧的）. Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。
In spite of their differences， the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives.
5.What do the two philosophers share about knowledge？
A.The learning of knowledge is easy.
B.The learning of knowledge is endless.
C.A man without knowledge is foolish.
D.A man shall not pretend to understand.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But both also acknowledge ... this is knowledge.（但两者也都承认知识的局限性。苏格拉底说：‘我所知道的就是我一无所知。’孔子也说过：‘知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。’）”可知，两个哲学家都认为知识的学习是无止境的。故选B。
6.Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality？
A.Nothing is more important than a legal system.
B.I am not a Chinese， but a citizen of the world.
C.Not everyone should play his own role in society.
D.A man does what is proper to the position he is in.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Everyone should play ... a subject should act like a subject.’”可知，孔子的思想即“君君臣臣，父父子子”，每个人都应该根据自己所处的位置扮演好自己的角色。故选D。
7.What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values？
A.The difference in political atmosphere.
B.The difference in the length of history.
C.The difference in economic development.
D.The difference in levels of social dependency.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“A widely accepted ... less dependent on society after migration.”可知，东方文明是一种农业文明，需要建立集体社会，而西方文明是游牧文明，对社会的依赖程度低。由此可推知，东西方价值观的差异最本质的原因是对社会依赖程度的不同。故选D。
8.What is the passage mainly about？
A.Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures.
B.The introduction of great figures of two different cultures.
C.Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers.
D.The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要在介绍东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。故选C。
精深阅读
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful， or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness， or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable； therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people， just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore， when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops， what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures， silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways， particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example， Russian， French， and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use， persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect， particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化中沉默的含义。
Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
1.What does the author say about silence in conversations？
A.It implies anger.
B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture－specific.
D.It is content－based.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.”和“Silence may be viewed ... a person's needs.”可知，作者认为不同的文化群体对沉默的理解有所不同，所以作者认为谈话中的沉默具有文化特异性。故选C。
2.What does the underlined word “gap” in the first paragraph mean？
A.缺口 B.隔阂
C.间隙 D.漏洞
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable”可知，一些文化群体可能认为沉默极其令人不安；根据画线词所在句“therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation”可知，此句是提出沉默令人不安这一问题的解决方法，此处表示他们会通过谈话填补间隙。画线词gap意为“间隙”。故选C。
3.What may be the best title for the text？
A.What It Means to Be Silent
B.Sound and Silence
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver； Silence Is Gold
解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段可知，沉默的含义在不同的文化群体中有所不同，文章主要介绍了不同文化中沉默的含义，A项（沉默意味着什么）最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
4.Where is the passage probably taken from？
A.A guidebook.
B.A travel journal.
C.An official document.
D.A research magazine.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同文化中沉默的含义，即研究沉默在不同文化中的含义，所以本文有可能选自研究杂志。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
（一）热词
1._________ v. （使）不同，（使）呈现差异
2.thoughtful adj. ___________________
3._________ adv. 极度，非常
4.__________ v. 暗示，暗指
5.reflection n. ____________
vary
extremely
imply
深思，反省
深思熟虑的；沉思的
（二）高频短语
1.view ... as ... __________________
2._____________ 意识到，知道
3._____________ 遇到
4.__________________ 允许某人/某物做某事
5._______协助
把……视为……
be aware of
come across
allow sb/sth to do sth
assist in
（三）根据语境填入恰当的内容
1.Old people are ____________ (particular) vulnerable members of our society.
2.The police who broke into the house were only acting under ___________(instruct).
3.Doctors have to lay their _________ (person) feelings aside.
particularly
instructions
personal
（四）写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
1.He was in his late eighties and had become the community's most respected elder._____
2.Her relationship with her father isn't good， but she's very close to her mother.
______
3.She had already sold everything of value that she possessed._______
长者
关系
价值
（五）用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1.Grammar information enables students to map the structure of a foreign language onto their own.____________
2.She is always bad－tempered， consequently doesn't have many friends.__________
3.When the car was first built， the design was considered as highly original.__________
construction
therefore
viewed
（六）长难句分析
　However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.
句意：然而，墨西哥人在受到权威人士的指导时可能会保持沉默，而不是粗鲁地与其争论。
分析：句子主干为_____________________，是“主谓宾”结构。rather than是_________，use silence和 be rude to that person是并列关系。when引导__________从句；by arguing with him or her作__________。
Mexicans may use silence
并列连词
时间状语
方式状语
（七）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.She found herself _______________________（和她父母有冲突） over her future career.
2.She went to the bathroom， _____________________（把杯子装满水）， and returned to the bed.
（八）仿写句子
　She doesn't view herself as a success.（view ... as ...）
仿写：我把这个机会视为一个人学习和成长的机会。
_____________________________________________________
in conflict with her parents
filled a glass with w