英语 选择性必修 第二册 RJ
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
——Building up your vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
mini 小；少 minimum;__miniskirt;__minibus;__minipark;__minibreak
con 共同；表示强调 consist;__consume;__congratulate;__contact;__conclude
in 进入；不 ingredient;__income;__information;__influence;__inevitable
(i)an ……地方的人；精通……的人 vegetarian;__Asian;__historian;__technician;__musician
al 有……特性的 exceptional;__personal;__natural;__regional;__governmental
able ( ible) 能……的，可……的 stable;__comfortable;__changeable;__readable;__flexible
er 从事……的人，作……动作的人；与……有关的事物 waiter;__manager;__teacher;__driver;__farmer;__lighter
二、动词＋介词
1．请在词云图中选出本单元已学过的六个动词，并与它们搭配的介词，组成词块
①slice__...__off
②consist__of/in
③consume__...__with__...
④stuff__...__with/into__.../up
⑤recommend__...__to
⑥fill__...__with__...
2．选用上面的词块替换下列句子中的加黑部分
①Life, composed of not only storms but also sunshine, must be lived forwards.consisting__of
②This suitcase is absolutely full—I can't fill it with another thing.stuff;__with
③Cut the green parts off and wash under the flowed water.Slice;__off
④We'd advise you to book your flight early.recommend;__to
——Discovering useful structures——
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．brand n. 品牌
2．olive n. 油橄榄；橄榄树
3．fig n. 无花果
4．dessert n. (饭后)甜点
5．dough n. 生面团
6．haggis n. (苏格兰)羊杂碎肚
7．canteen n. 食堂；餐厅
8．cafeteria n. 自助餐厅；自助食堂
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
ingredient n. (尤指烹饪)材料；成分
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
stable adj. 稳定的；稳重的→stability n. 稳定(性)，稳固(性)；坚定，恒心→unstable adj. 不稳定的，易变的
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．earn__one's__living 谋生
2．set__up 建立
找出下列句子中的过去完成时及过去完成时的被动语态，并注意标志词
1．Silk had become one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. had__become
2．The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came. hadn't__been__cleaned
3．My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. had__eaten
4．He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. had__worked
5．The game had no sooner started than it began to rain heavily. had__started
6．This was the first time that the drug had been tested on humans. had__been__tested
7．He had hardly begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. had__begun
8．I had hoped that we would do better this time, but we failed again. had__hoped
探究一 长难句分析
We arrived late for supper that day, and so we just ate whatever was left in the university canteen.(教材P29) 那天我们吃晚饭迟到了，所以我们就只吃了大学食堂里剩下的东西。
【分析】 整句是由and连接的并列句。前一分句的主干是We arrived；后一分句的主干是we ate＋宾语从句；whatever was left in the university canteen是whatever引导的宾语从句，whatever用来加强语气，相当于anything that。
whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/ however等引导名词性从句，此时不能替换为no matter what/who/which/when/where/how。 whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however等引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter what/who/which/when/where/how”。
①He gave us an impression of being very able to do whatever he chose to do.(宾语从句)
他给我们的印象是，他能做任何他选择做的事。
②You can visit wherever you want to go after you graduate. (宾语从句)
毕业后你可以去你想去的任何地方旅行。
③Whatever/No matter what you say in the court, the judge believes evidence ultimately.(让步状语从句)
不管你在法庭上说什么，法官最终相信证据。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The police offer a reward to whoever finds the missing luggage of this old lady.
②Yet, he carried a lighted lamp with him whenever/no__matter__when he went out at night.
【学会表达】翻译
③我们必须坚持做我们认为正确的事情。
We__must__persist__in__doing__whatever__we__think__is__right.
④我会尽我所能去实现我的梦想。
I__will__do__whatever__I__can__to__achieve__my__dream.
探究二 过去完成时及其被动语态
过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
语法点1 过去完成时的四种结构
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had＋done＋其他成分
I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
最后一班公共汽车已经开走，所以我只好乘坐了一辆出租车。
(2)否定结构：主语＋had not＋done＋其他成分
His family raised the alarm when he had not come home by 9 pm.
当他到晚上9点还没回家时，他的家人报了警。
(3)一般疑问句结构：Had＋主语＋done＋其他成分
Had you finished your homework before you watched TV
你看电视前，完成作业了吗？
(4)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋done＋其他成分
What had Tom done before he came home
汤姆回家前都做了什么？
单句语法填空
①They had__planted (plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
②Had they left (leave) before you got there
③One morning she told her children about a family she had__visited (visit) the day before.
④I did not acknowledge that he had__done (do) anything wrong.
语法点2 过去完成时的被动语态的四种结构
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had＋been done＋其他成分
The doctor did not leave his office till all the patients had been treated.
直到所有的病人都得到了治疗，医生才离开他的办公室。
(2)否定结构：主语＋had not＋been done＋其他成分
She was deeply hurt that she had not been invited.
她未被邀请，感到十分难过。
(3)一般疑问句结构：Had＋主语＋been done ＋其他成分
Had the house been built by your grandfather by 1960
1960 年你的祖父就已经建成这座房子了吗？
(4)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended
飓风结束时有多少建筑物被毁？
单句语法填空
①Had the task been__finished (finish) before 12：00 yesterday
②At the end of last year，another magic design had__been__completed (complete)．
③He got home to find that his flat had__been__done (do) over.
④The house had__been__repaired (repair) before it was rented to him.
语法点3 过去完成时及其被动语态的用法
(1)过去完成时及其被动语态中常见的时间状语
如：by, by the end of, by the time, before, until, since等。
①We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
截止到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英文单词了。
②The bus had already left by the time I got there.
当我到达那里的时候公交车已经开走了。
③All the tickets had been sold out before the film began.
电影放映之前，票已全部售出。
(2)用于宾语从句
在宾语从句中，当主句中用了say, know, realize, guess, find, discover, decide, think, suppose, remember, forget 等动词的一般过去时时，如果从句中的动作先于主句的动作，通常用过去完成时。
①They said the production costs had been reduced.
他们说生产成本已经降低了。
②We realized we had lost our way.
我们意识到我们迷路了。
③Not far away he remembered that he had not got the notebook.
没走多远，他想起他没带笔记本。
(3)用于状语从句
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后顺序时，动作在前的用过去完成时，动作在后的用一般过去时。
①He had learned to play the piano before he was 11 years old.
他在11 岁以前就学会了弹钢琴。
②The train had started when I got to the station.
当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
如果两个动作接连发生，常常不用过去完成时，特别是在含有before 和after 的复合句中，因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，此时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
I knew nothing about English before I entered this school.
我进这所学校之前，一点儿英语都不懂。
(4)用于虚拟语气
表示意向的动词，如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等用过去完成时表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。意为“原本……，实际上未能……”。
①I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to get away.
我本来想今年度个假，但我没法离开。
②I must admit I had expected him to tell me the truth.
我必须承认我本指望他告诉我实情的。
(5)常用句型
过去完成时还用于一些固定句型中，常见的有：
It/This/That was the first/second ... time that sb had done ... 这/那是某人第一/二……次做……
... than sb had thought/expected/hoped 比某人所认为/期待/希望的要……
had no sooner＋done＋than ... 一……就……(若no sooner 置于句首，主句需部分倒装)
had hardly/scarcely/barely＋done＋when ... 一……就……(若hardly/scarcely/barely置于句首，主句需部分倒装)
It was＋一段时间＋since 从句 自从……有……(从句用过去完成时)
①She had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
她一到家，就下起雨来了。
②Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost.
我刚走上那条街就发现自己迷路了。
翻译
①到那年年底，我已经收集了一千多张明信片。
By__the__end__of__that__year,__I__had__collected__more__than__a__thousand__postcards.
②这是她第一次独立生活。
It__was__the__first__time__that__she__had__lived__independently.
③当我听说他被安全找到时，我很高兴。
I__was__so__happy__when__I__heard__he__had__been__found__safe.
④我刚坐下，就有人大声敲门。
No__sooner__had__I__sat__down__than__there__was__a__loud__knock__on__the__door.
⑤我们本来打算去意大利，但后来获得机会去了希腊。
Originally,__we__had__intended__to__go__to__Italy,__but__then__we__won__the__trip__to__Greece.
维度一 高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1．in →进入；不→ingredient;__income;__information
2． able( ible)→能……的，可……的→stable;__comfortable;__changeable
3． (i)an→……地方的人；精通……的人→vegetarian;__Asian;__historian
4． al→有……特性的→exceptional;__personal;__natural
(二)选词填空
1．You pay less for the supermarket's own brand．
2．I'm afraid my cooking skills don't run to fancy cakes and desserts．
3．Her decision to cancel the concert is bound to disappoint her fans.
4．There's a staff canteen for everyone and there's a smarter restaurant for the management.
5．After several part－time jobs, he's now got a stable job in a bank.
维度二 语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1．When the applause had__died (die) down, she began her speech.
2．It was at least three months since I had__left (leave) Beijing.
3．Had it already stopped raining when you woke (wake) up
4．His newly written novel had__been__translated (translate) into 5 languages before it was published.
5．How many words had you learned (learn) by the end of last year
维度三 素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．I believe that each of us can contribute__to__the__future__of__the__world (为世界的未来做出贡献)．
2．She failed the test because she__hadn't__studied__hard (她没有努力学习)．
3．I__had__meant__to__help__you (我本来想帮助你), but I was too busy at the moment.
(五)翻译
1．这篇文章发表的时候，他们已经离开这个国家了。(by the time ...)
By__the__time__this__article__got__into__print,__they__had__already__left__the__country.
2．这是他第一次参观长城。(It was the first time that ...)
It__was__the__first__time__that__he__had__visited__the__Great__Wall.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ 完形填空
(浙江高考1月)While taking a 20 hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train. My __3__ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the __4__ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had __5__ a two year professional school to quickly find a job __6__ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most __7__， however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would __8__ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American __9__ as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I __10__ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to __11__ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, __12__， and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he __13__ me just how much one can gain from __14__ with an open mind, and a willingness to __15__ with locals from all walks of life.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在火车上邂逅了一位年轻的中国男子并和他成为朋友，而且这位男子还向作者展示了带着开放的心态旅行，与各行各业的当地人交流能带来很大收获的故事。
1．A．experiment B．encounter
C．competition D．appointment
答案：B
解析：experiment 实验；encounter 邂逅；competition 比赛；appointment 任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
2．A．treated B．saved
C．lectured D．approached
答案：D
解析：treat 对待；save 拯救；lecture 讲课；approach 靠近。根据前文“wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for”以及后文“me on the train”可推知，一位年轻的中国人在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
3．A．true B．so called
C．new D．long lost
答案：C
解析：true 真的；so called 所谓的；new 新的；long lost 很久不见的。根据前文“A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train.”可知，两人是在火车上刚认识的，因此是新朋友。故选C。
4．A．chance B．advice
C．trouble D．right
答案：A
解析：chance 机会；advice 建议；trouble 麻烦；right 权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，此处表示作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
5．A．visited B．financed
C．attended D．founded
答案：C
解析：visit 拜访；finance 提供资金；attend 上(学)，参加；found 成立。根据后文“a two year professional school”可知，这位年轻人去上了一个为期两年的职业学校。故选C。
6．A．building B．sweeping
C．checking D．guarding
答案：A
解析：build 修建；sweep 打扫；check 检查；guard 守卫。根据后文“this highway builder”可知，这位年轻人是一位公路建设者。故选A。
7．A．typical B．obvious
C．natural D．remarkable
答案：D
解析：typical 典型的；obvious 显然的；natural 自然的；remarkable 引人注目的。根据后文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，这位年轻人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这种品质是引人注目的。故选D。
8．A．publish B．quote
C．copy D．download
答案：B
解析：publish 出版；quote 引用；copy 复制；download 下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”可知，此处指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话。故选B。
9．A．writers B．historians
C．workers D．students
答案：A
解析：writer 作家；historian 历史学家；worker 工人；student 学生。根据前文“a translated Emerson ... influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
10．A．anticipate B．imagine
C．recall D．catch
答案：C
解析：anticipate 预期；imagine 想象；recall 回想起；catch 抓住。根据前文内容可知，作者讲述了自己在火车上的一段经历，因此此处指作者回想起年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
11．A．look into B．rely on
C．go over D．deal with
答案：B
解析：look into 调查；rely on 依靠；go over 复习；deal with 处理。根据后文“my assumptions about ... a few hundred miles from home”可知，设空处所在句指作者很容易依靠自己的假设对这位年轻人进行判断。故选B。
12．A．well behaved B．multi skilled
C．warm hearted D．self educated
答案：D
解析：well behaved 行为端正的；multi skilled 多技能的；warm hearted 热心的；self educated 自学的。根据前文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，这位年轻人是自学成才的。故选D。
13．A．asked B．warned
C．showed D．promised
答案：C
解析：ask 询问；warn 警告；show 展示；promise 承诺。根据后文“me just how much ... all walks of life”可知，此处指年轻人向作者展示了带着开放的心态去旅行，并与各行各业的当地人交往可以有很大的收获。故选C。
14．A．traveling B．reading
C．searching D．teaching
答案：A
解析：travel 旅行；read 阅读；search 搜索；teach 教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”并结合前文“While taking a 20 hour train ride ... in northwestern China”可知，作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以此处指带着开放的心态旅行。故选A。
15．A．cooperate B．side
C．negotiate D．engage
答案：D
解析：cooperate 合作；side 支持；negotiate 协商；engage 参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此处指和各行各业的当地人交往。engage with为固定搭配，意为“与……接触”。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term of the year, refers to the time when it starts to snow, mostly in China's northern areas. __1__．
Light snow
As an ancient Chinese book puts it, “In Minor Snow, the weather is cold and it is going to snow.” __2__. Meanwhile, in the lower and middle reaches of the Yellow River, the average time of the first snow falls during this solar term.
Wearing hats and scarves
In China, starting in Minor Snow, the wind blows from the northeast a lot. __3__， many people do not wear hats or scarves yet. In fact, according to an old Chinese saying, the head is the place where all passages of the body gather. It's sensible to keep one's head warm.
Drinking soup
Indoor heating begins to work, which means most people might find their nose and mouth feel a bit dry. This accumulation (积累) of “inner heat” in one's body can cause problems. __4__， such as cabbage and bean curd soup.
Making preserved pork
After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry. __5__. In the past, when storage conditions were poor, people developed many ways to store food and preserved pork is one such example.
A．Because it's still not bitterly cold
B．Various soups are more appealing
C．The solution is to drink more hot soup
D．It is the best time to start making preserved pork
E．Whether preserved pork is healthy remains unknown
F．Here are four things you should know about Minor Snow
G．The temperature in most areas in the north drops to zero degrees and below
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国24节气中的第20个节气——小雪，及其相关的生活习惯和饮食等。
1．答案：F
解析：根据设空前“Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term ... mostly in China's northern areas.”可知，上文主要围绕小雪这个节气进行介绍。F项(以下是关于小雪你应该知道的四件事)承接上文，同时引出下文关于小雪这个节气的四个相关知识。故选F。
2．答案：G
解析：根据设空前“As an ancient Chinese book ... going to snow.’(正如一本中国古书所说：‘小雪，天冷，要下雪了。’)”可知，上文提到小雪这一节气的温度。G项(北方大部分地区的气温降至零度及以下)承接上文。故选G。
3．答案：A
解析：根据设空后“many people do not wear hats or scarves yet (许多人还没有戴帽子或围巾)”可推知，设空处应该和温度有关。A项(因为天气还不是特别冷)与下文构成因果关系，引出下文。故选A。
4．答案：C
解析：根据设空前“Indoor heating begins to work ... can cause problems.”可知，此时由于室内温度较高，人们会觉得口鼻干燥，所以会引发体内燥热。C项(解决办法是多喝热汤)承接上文。故选C。
5．答案：D
解析：根据设空前“After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry.”可知，小雪过后，气温急剧下降，空气变得干燥。根据设空后“In the past ... is one such example.”可知，在过去，当储存条件很差的时候，人们发明了许多储存食物的方法，腌制猪肉就是这样一个例子。D项(现在是开始制作腊肉的最佳时间)承上启下。故选D。
Ⅲ 语法填空
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese __1__ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners __2__ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realise how cheap __3__ can be to eat out. I still remember visiting a friend who __4__ (live) here for five years and I was __5__ (shock) when I learned she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
While regularly __6__ (eat) out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be __7__ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even __8__ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in __9__ (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home __10__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。中国饮食越来越受到外国友人的欢迎，与此同时，随着社会的发展，越来越多的人外出就餐。作者认为，外出就餐过多会带来费用支出过多和健康问题，我们应学着享受做饭的乐趣。
1．答案：dishes
解析：考查名词。根据设空前的形容词Chinese可知，设空处应用名词作宾语，dish意为“菜肴”，为可数名词，此处应用名词复数。故填dishes。
2．答案：who/that
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。句意：许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜，就会比在自己的国家做饭少得多。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是westerners，指人，引导词在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
3．答案：it
解析：考查代词。how引导宾语从句，此处应用it作形式主语，to eat out作真正的主语。故填it。
4．答案：had lived
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：我还记得去拜访一位在这里住了五年的朋友，当我得知她这么长时间里一次都没做过饭时，我很震惊。此处表示在作者拜访时，朋友已经住了五年，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had lived。
5．答案：shocked
解析：考查词性转换。此处表示作者很震惊，应用 ed形式的形容词作表语。故填shocked。
6．答案：eating
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，对于许多年轻人来说，经常外出就餐似乎变得越来越普遍，但这并非没有代价。此处应用动名词作主语。故填eating。
7．答案：affordable
解析：考查词性转换。句意：最明显的就是钱；每周出去吃一两次饭可能负担得起，但大部分时间都这样做就会花很多钱。设空前是系动词，设空处应用形容词作表语，afford的形容词形式是affordable，意为“负担得起的”。故填affordable。
8．答案：higher
解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：你的健康可能会付出更高的代价。设空后是名词，设空处应用形容词作定语，根据even可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填higher。
9．答案：weight
解析：考查词性转换。句意：研究人员发现，在外面吃的食物的增加和体重问题的增加之间存在直接联系。此处应用名词weight作定语，weight problem意为“体重问题”。故填weight。
10．答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意：如果你不打算遭受这个问题，那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃饭时，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。此处是固定搭配for dinner，意为“吃晚饭”。故填for。
精深阅读
Rosario's Peruvian Restaurant in Longmont has become well－known in the Denver metro area (都会区), Colorado over the last 10 years. The restaurant's owner Rosario Cardenas spends seven days a week at her beloved restaurant, joking that she calls it her “baby”. But how she made the restaurant a success is no joke at all. It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.
Rosario's is a little place but for the last decade it has been serving up big, bold flavors from recipes Cardenas brought with her from her home in Perú—recipes that have helped her solidify a status for many as the best Peruvian restaurant in the Denver metro area.
As a former teacher and school principal, cooking used to be just a hobby. But when she immigrated to the US, she couldn't use her education degree here, so she decided to use her talents to share her country's unique dishes with her new community. “I have always said, if you can dream it, you can achieve it, and for me, the restaurant was my dream，” Cardenas said.
Rosario's isn't just about delicious food, it's also serving up slices of Peruvian culture. It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country. At her restaurant, she created a concept on her menu called “tours”， where guests can have samples of all kinds of Peruvian dishes.
Cardenas has regular Latino (拉丁美洲人) customers who will drive special three to four hours, some even from Wyoming, not just to enjoy her cooking but also to find a restaurant that represents their own culture in the metro area.
“Food is a great way to connect, not just with the Peruvian community, but every single community. We have people from Mexico, Colombia, from all parts of South and Latin America.” Cardenas explained, “So, having me and my restaurant be that connection between these people and their culture and their heritage, I think it's just beautiful.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以秘鲁文化为基础的食谱使得罗萨里奥餐厅在美国丹佛都会区深受欢迎。
1．What makes Rosario's restaurant popular in the Denver metro area
A．Its high－quality service.
B．Its family－centered model.
C．Its special location in Colorado.
D．Its Peruvian style recipes.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“recipes that have helped her ... in the Denver metro area”可知，秘鲁特色的食谱使得罗萨里奥餐厅在丹佛都会区如此受欢迎。故选D。
2．Which words can best describe Cardenas
A．Ambitious and committed.
B．Organized but self－centered.
C．Adventurous and legendary.
D．Optimistic but simple minded.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.”可推知，Cardenas (卡德纳斯)是一个有决心、心志坚定的人；根据第三段中的“‘I have always said ... was my dream，’ Cardenas said.”可推知，她是一个有抱负的人。故选A。
3．Why did Cardenas present “tours” on her menu
A．To get customers to know about Perú.
B．To get customers to shape Peruvian identity.
C．To reward regular visitors from Perú.
D．To draw more tourists to her home country.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“It's part of ... Peruvian dishes.”可知，Cardenas在她的菜单上出现“旅游”，是想让客人认识秘鲁，品尝其菜肴，了解其文化。故选A。
4．What can be inferred about Rosario's restaurant from the last two paragraphs
A．It can meet the demands of all customers.
B．It is a place to realize American dream.
C．It helps bring Latino cultures together.
D．It will be widely known all over the world.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cardenas has regular Latino ...in the metro area.”可推知，Cardenas有固定的拉丁裔顾客，再结合最后一段中的“Food is a great way to connect ... and Latin America.”可推知，罗萨里奥餐厅有助于拉丁文化的融合。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．determination n. 决心，坚定；决定
2．passion n. 激情，热情
3．vision n. 幻想，想象；愿景
4．status n. (尤指在社会中的)地位，身份
5．represent v. 代表
(二)高频短语
1．turn__...__into__... 把……转变成……
2．serve__up 上(菜)，(给……)提供
3．immigrate to 移民到
4．part__of 一部分的
5．all__kinds__of 各种各样的
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．This beautiful old building has been restored to its former (form) glory.
2．Two of our greatest strengths are diversity and community (commune)．
3．Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality (real) she felt extremely nervous.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
1．He was a regular visitor to her house.定期的
2．I couldn't understand a single word she said！单一的
3．He immigrated with his parents in 1895 and grew up on Long Island.移民
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．Long before I ever went there, Africa was alive in my imagination.vision
2．If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.achieve
3．Each of London's districts had a distinct character that marked it off from its neighbours.unique
(六)长难句分析
It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country.
句意：帮助顾客感觉他们已经去了她的祖国旅行是卡德纳斯愿景的一部分。
分析：句子主干为It's part of Cardenas' vision，是“主系表”结构。It作形式主语，to help customers ... country是不定式短语作真正的主语。help sb (to) do sth，不定式(to) do作宾语补足语，故feel like ... country为宾补；they've taken a trip to her home country是宾语从句，作介词like的宾语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．Over__the__last__10__years (在过去的十年中), Chou has been surrounded by a lot of success and honor.
2．He used__to__be__a__pilot (曾经是飞行员) but now he has a desk job.
(八)仿写句子
Arriving at the cinema, they found the film had been over.(现在分词作状语)
仿写：看着它，我知道妈妈一直在等着我，这让我平静了下来。
Looking__at__it,__I__knew__my__mother__was__out__there__for__me,__which__calmed__me__down.
20(共87张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
单元主题：人与自然/人与社会——饮食与文化
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
Affix （prefix/suffix） 含义 例词
mini ___________ ________；________； ________； ________；________
_____ 共同；表示强调 ________；________； ___________；
________；________
in ___________ _________；________； __________；_________；__________
一、构词法
小；少
minimum
miniskirt
minibus
minipark
minibreak
con-
consist
consume
congratulate
contact
conclude
进入;不
ingredient
income
information
influence
inevitable
（i）an ______________ ____________ __________；__________；__________；__________；__________
______ 有……特性的 __________；__________；__________；__________；____________
able （ ible） ___________ ___________ ________；___________；___________；__________；__________
______ 从事……的人，作……动作的人；与……有关的事物 ______；_________；________；_______；_______；_______
……地方的人；精通……的人
vegetarian
Asian
historian
technician
musician
-al
exceptional
personal
natural
regional
governmental
能……的，可……的
stable
comfortable
changeable
readable
flexible
-er
waiter
manager
teacher
driver
farmer
lighter
二、动词＋介词
1.请在词云图中选出本单元已学过的六个动词，并与它们搭配的介词，组成词块
①__________________ ② __________________
③ __________________ ④ __________________
⑤ __________________ ⑥ __________________
slice ... off
consist of/in
consume ... with ...
stuff ... with/into .../up
recommend ... to
fill ... with ...
2．选用上面的词块替换下列句子中的加黑部分
①Life, composed of not only storms but also sunshine, must be lived forwards.
______________
②This suitcase is absolutely full—I can't fill it with another thing. ____________
③Cut the green parts off and wash under the flowed water. _____________
④We'd advise you to book your flight early. ______________
consisting of
stuff； with
Slice； off
recommend; to
WELCOME UNIT
——Discover useful structures——
预习检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预习检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．brand n. _______
2．olive n. ________________
3．fig n. _______
4．dessert n. ___________
5．dough n. ________
6．haggis n. _________________
7．canteen n. __________
8．cafeteria n. _____________________
品牌
油橄榄；橄榄树
无花果
(饭后)甜点
生面团
(苏格兰)羊杂碎肚
食堂；餐厅
自助餐厅；自助食堂
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
_________ n. (尤指烹饪)材料；成分
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
stable adj. 稳定的；稳重的→_________ n. 稳定(性)，稳固(性)；坚定，恒心→__________ adj. 不稳定的，易变的
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．_______________ 谋生
2．_______ 建立
ingredient
stability
unstable
earn one's living
set up
自主学习 课时语法
找出下列句子中的过去完成时及过去完成时的被动语态，并注意标志词
1．Silk had become one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. _____________
2．The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came.
_________________
3．My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.
__________
4．He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. _____________
had become
hadn't been cleaned
had eaten
had worked
5．The game had no sooner started than it began to rain heavily. _____________
6．This was the first time that the drug had been tested on humans.
_____________
7．He had hardly begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
___________
8．I had hoped that we would do better this time, but we failed again.
____________
had started
had been tested
had begun
had hoped
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 长难句分析
We arrived late for supper that day, and so we just ate whatever was left in the university canteen.(教材P29)
那天我们吃晚饭迟到了，所以我们就只吃了大学食堂里剩下的东西。
【分析】 整句是由and连接的并列句。前一分句的主干是We arrived；后一分句的主干是we ate＋宾语从句；whatever was left in the university canteen是whatever引导的宾语从句，whatever用来加强语气，相当于anything that。
whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/
however等引导名词性从句，此时不能替换为no matter what/who/which/when/where/how。
whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however等引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter what/who/which/when/where/how”。
①He gave us an impression of being very able to do whatever he chose to do.(宾语从句)
他给我们的印象是，他能做任何他选择做的事。
②You can visit wherever you want to go after you graduate. (宾语从句)
毕业后你可以去你想去的任何地方旅行。
③Whatever/No matter what you say in the court, the judge believes evidence ultimately.(让步状语从句)
不管你在法庭上说什么，法官最终相信证据。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The police offer a reward to finds the missing luggage of this old lady.
②Yet， he carried a lighted lamp with him he went out at night.
【学会表达】翻译
③我们必须坚持做我们认为正确的事情。
____________________________________________________________________
④我会尽我所能去实现我的梦想。
____________________________________________________________________
whoever
whenever/no matter when
We must persist in doing whatever we think is right.
I will do whatever I can to achieve my dream.
探究二 过去完成时及其被动语态
过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
语法点1 过去完成时的四种结构
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had＋done＋其他成分
I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
最后一班公共汽车已经开走，所以我只好乘坐了一辆出租车。
(2)否定结构：主语＋had not＋done＋其他成分
His family raised the alarm when he had not come home by 9 pm.
当他到晚上9点还没回家时，他的家人报了警。
(3)一般疑问句结构：Had＋主语＋done＋其他成分
Had you finished your homework before you watched TV
你看电视前，完成作业了吗？
(4)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋done＋其他成分
What had Tom done before he came home
汤姆回家前都做了什么？
单句语法填空
①They ___________ (plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
②_______ they _______ (leave) before you got there？
③One morning she told her children about a family she ___________ (visit) the day before.
④I did not acknowledge that he _________ (do) anything wrong.
had planted
Had
left
had visited
had done
语法点2 过去完成时的被动语态的四种结构
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had＋been done＋其他成分
The doctor did not leave his office till all the patients had been treated.
直到所有的病人都得到了治疗，医生才离开他的办公室。
(2)否定结构：主语＋had not＋been done＋其他成分
She was deeply hurt that she had not been invited.
她未被邀请，感到十分难过。
(3)一般疑问句结构：Had＋主语＋been done ＋其他成分
Had the house been built by your grandfather by 1960？
1960 年你的祖父就已经建成这座房子了吗？
(4)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended？
飓风结束时有多少建筑物被毁？
单句语法填空
①_______ the task _____________ (finish) before 12：00 yesterday？
②At the end of last year，another magic design __________________ (complete).
③He got home to find that his flat _____________ (do) over.
④The house ________________ (repair) before it was rented to him.
Had
been finished
had been completed
had been done
had been repaired
语法点3 过去完成时及其被动语态的用法
(1)过去完成时及其被动语态中常见的时间状语
如：by, by the end of, by the time, before, until, since等。
①We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
截止到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英文单词了。
②The bus had already left by the time I got there.
当我到达那里的时候公交车已经开走了。
③All the tickets had been sold out before the film began.
电影放映之前，票已全部售出。
(2)用于宾语从句
在宾语从句中，当主句中用了say, know, realize, guess, find, discover, decide, think, suppose, remember, forget 等动词的一般过去时时，如果从句中的动作先于主句的动作，通常用过去完成时。
①They said the production costs had been reduced.
他们说生产成本已经降低了。
②We realized we had lost our way.
我们意识到我们迷路了。
③Not far away he remembered that he had not got the notebook.
没走多远，他想起他没带笔记本。
(3)用于状语从句
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后顺序时，动作在前的用过去完成时，动作在后的用一般过去时。
①He had learned to play the piano before he was 11 years old.
他在11 岁以前就学会了弹钢琴。
②The train had started when I got to the station.
当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
如果两个动作接连发生，常常不用过去完成时，特别是在含有before 和after 的复合句中，因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，此时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
I knew nothing about English before I entered this school.
我进这所学校之前，一点儿英语都不懂。
(4)用于虚拟语气
表示意向的动词，如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等用过去完成时表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。意为“原本……，实际上未能……”。
①I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to get away.
我本来想今年度个假，但我没法离开。
②I must admit I had expected him to tell me the truth.
我必须承认我本指望他告诉我实情的。
(5)常用句型
过去完成时还用于一些固定句型中，常见的有：
It/This/That was the first/second ... time that sb had done ... 这/那是某人第一/二……次做……
... than sb had thought/expected/hoped 比某人所认为/期待/希望的要……
had no sooner＋done＋than ... 一……就……(若no sooner 置于句首，主句需部分倒装)
had hardly/scarcely/barely＋done＋when ... 一……就……(若hardly/scarcely/barely置于句首，主句需部分倒装)
It was＋一段时间＋since 从句 自从……有……(从句用过去完成时)
①She had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
她一到家，就下起雨来了。
②Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost.
我刚走上那条街就发现自己迷路了。
翻译
①到那年年底，我已经收集了一千多张明信片。
__________________________________________________________________
②这是她第一次独立生活。
__________________________________________________________________
③当我听说他被安全找到时，我很高兴。
__________________________________________________________________
By the end of that year, I had collected more than a thousand postcards.
It was the first time that she had lived independently.
I was so happy when I heard he had been found safe.
④我刚坐下，就有人大声敲门。
__________________________________________________________________
⑤我们本来打算去意大利，但后来获得机会去了希腊。
__________________________________________________________________
No sooner had I sat down than there was a loud knock on the door.
Originally, we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece.
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一 高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1.in →________→_________； _______； ___________
2. able( ible)→_____________________→_______； ___________； _________
3. (i)an→_____________________________→__________； _____； _________
4. al→______________→___________； _______； ________
进入;不
ingredient
income
information
能……的，可……的
stable
comfortable
changeable
……地方的人；精通……的人
vegetarian
Asian
historian
有……特性的
exceptional
personal
natural
(二)选词填空
stable， dessert， canteen， cancel， brand
1.You pay less for the supermarket's own _______.
2.I'm afraid my cooking skills don't run to fancy cakes and ________.
3.Her decision to _______ the concert is bound to disappoint her fans.
4.There's a staff ________ for everyone and there's a smarter restaurant for the management.
5.After several part time jobs， he's now got a _______ job in a bank.
brand
desserts
cancel
canteen
stable
维度二 语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1.When the applause _________ (die) down， she began her speech.
2.It was at least three months since I ________ (leave) Beijing.
3.Had it already stopped raining when you _______ (wake) up？
4.His newly written novel __________________ (translate) into 5 languages before it was published.
5.How many words _______ you _______ (learn) by the end of last year？
had died
had left
woke
had been translated
had
learned
维度三 素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.I believe that each of us can ______________________________ (为世界的未来做出贡献).
2.She failed the test because _____________________ (她没有努力学习).
3._____________________ (我本来想帮助你)， but I was too busy at the moment.
contribute to the future of the world
she hadn't studied hard
I had meant to help you
(五)翻译
1.这篇文章发表的时候，他们已经离开这个国家了。(by the time ...)
___________________________________________________________________
2.这是他第一次参观长城。(It was the first time that ...)
___________________________________________________________________
By the time this article got into print, they had already left the country.
It was the first time that he had visited the Great Wall.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ 完形填空
(浙江高考1月)While taking a 20 hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train. My __3__ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the __4__ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had __5__ a two year professional school to quickly find a job __6__ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most __7__， however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would __8__ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American __9__ as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I __10__ him asking at one point.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在火车上邂逅了一位年轻的中国男子并和他成为朋友，而且这位男子还向作者展示了带着开放的心态旅行，与各行各业的当地人交流能带来很大收获的故事。
It would have been easy to __11__ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, __12__， and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he __13__ me just how much one can gain from __14__ with an open mind, and a willingness to __15__ with locals from all walks of life.
1．A．experiment B．encounter
C．competition D．appointment
解析：experiment 实验；encounter 邂逅；competition 比赛；appointment 任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
2．A．treated B．saved
C．lectured D．approached
解析：treat 对待；save 拯救；lecture 讲课；approach 靠近。根据前文“wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for”以及后文“me on the train”可推知，一位年轻的中国人在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
3．A．true B．so called
C．new D．long lost
解析：true 真的；so called 所谓的；new 新的；long lost 很久不见的。根据前文“A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train.”可知，两人是在火车上刚认识的，因此是新朋友。故选C。
4．A．chance B．advice
C．trouble D．right
解析：chance 机会；advice 建议；trouble 麻烦；right 权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，此处表示作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
5．A．visited B．financed
C．attended D．founded
解析：visit 拜访；finance 提供资金；attend 上(学)，参加；found 成立。根据后文“a two year professional school”可知，这位年轻人去上了一个为期两年的职业学校。故选C。
6．A．building B．sweeping
C．checking D．guarding
解析：build 修建；sweep 打扫；check 检查；guard 守卫。根据后文“this highway builder”可知，这位年轻人是一位公路建设者。故选A。
7．A．typical B．obvious
C．natural D．remarkable
解析：typical 典型的；obvious 显然的；natural 自然的；remarkable 引人注目的。根据后文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，这位年轻人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这种品质是引人注目的。故选D。
8．A．publish B．quote
C．copy D．download
解析：publish 出版；quote 引用；copy 复制；download 下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”可知，此处指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话。故选B。
9．A．writers B．historians
C．workers D．students
解析：writer 作家；historian 历史学家；worker 工人；student 学生。根据前文“a translated Emerson ... influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
10．A．anticipate B．imagine
C．recall D．catch
解析：anticipate 预期；imagine 想象；recall 回想起；catch 抓住。根据前文内容可知，作者讲述了自己在火车上的一段经历，因此此处指作者回想起年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
11．A．look into B．rely on
C．go over D．deal with
解析：look into 调查；rely on 依靠；go over 复习；deal with 处理。根据后文“my assumptions about ... a few hundred miles from home”可知，设空处所在句指作者很容易依靠自己的假设对这位年轻人进行判断。故选B。
12．A．well behaved B．multi skilled
C．warm hearted D．self educated
解析：well behaved 行为端正的；multi skilled 多技能的；warm hearted 热心的；self educated 自学的。根据前文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，这位年轻人是自学成才的。故选D。
13．A．asked B．warned
C．showed D．promised
解析：ask 询问；warn 警告；show 展示；promise 承诺。根据后文“me just how much ... all walks of life”可知，此处指年轻人向作者展示了带着开放的心态去旅行，并与各行各业的当地人交往可以有很大的收获。故选C。
14．A．traveling B．reading
C．searching D．teaching
解析：travel 旅行；read 阅读；search 搜索；teach 教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”并结合前文“While taking a 20 hour train ride ... in northwestern China”可知，作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以此处指带着开放的心态旅行。故选A。
15．A．cooperate B．side
C．negotiate D．engage
解析：cooperate 合作；side 支持；negotiate 协商；engage 参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此处指和各行各业的当地人交往。engage with为固定搭配，意为“与……接触”。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term of the year, refers to the time when it starts to snow, mostly in China's northern areas. __1__．
Light snow
As an ancient Chinese book puts it, “In Minor Snow, the weather is cold and it is going to snow.” __2__. Meanwhile, in the lower and middle reaches of the Yellow River, the average time of the first snow falls during this solar term.
Wearing hats and scarves
In China, starting in Minor Snow, the wind blows from the northeast a lot. __3__， many people do not wear hats or scarves yet. In fact, according to an old Chinese saying, the head is the place where all passages of the body gather. It's sensible to keep one's head warm.
Drinking soup
Indoor heating begins to work, which means most people might find their nose and mouth feel a bit dry. This accumulation (积累) of “inner heat” in one's body can cause problems. __4__， such as cabbage and bean curd soup.
Making preserved pork
After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry. __5__. In the past, when storage conditions were poor, people developed many ways to store food and preserved pork is one such example.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国24节气中的第20个节气——小雪，及其相关的生活习惯和饮食等。
A．Because it's still not bitterly cold
B．Various soups are more appealing
C．The solution is to drink more hot soup
D．It is the best time to start making preserved pork
E．Whether preserved pork is healthy remains unknown
F．Here are four things you should know about Minor Snow
G．The temperature in most areas in the north drops to zero degrees and below
解析：根据设空前“Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term ... mostly in China's northern areas.”可知，上文主要围绕小雪这个节气进行介绍。F项(以下是关于小雪你应该知道的四件事)承接上文，同时引出下文关于小雪这个节气的四个相关知识。故选F。
1．答案：F
解析：根据设空前“As an ancient Chinese book ... going to snow.’(正如一本中国古书所说：‘小雪，天冷，要下雪了。’)”可知，上文提到小雪这一节气的温度。G项(北方大部分地区的气温降至零度及以下)承接上文。故选G。
2．答案：G
解析：根据设空后“many people do not wear hats or scarves yet (许多人还没有戴帽子或围巾)”可推知，设空处应该和温度有关。A项(因为天气还不是特别冷)与下文构成因果关系，引出下文。故选A。
3．答案：A
解析：根据设空前“Indoor heating begins to work ... can cause problems.”可知，此时由于室内温度较高，人们会觉得口鼻干燥，所以会引发体内燥热。C项(解决办法是多喝热汤)承接上文。故选C。
4．答案：C
解析：根据设空前“After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry.”可知，小雪过后，气温急剧下降，空气变得干燥。根据设空后“In the past ... is one such example.”可知，在过去，当储存条件很差的时候，人们发明了许多储存食物的方法，腌制猪肉就是这样一个例子。D项(现在是开始制作腊肉的最佳时间)承上启下。故选D。
5．答案：D
Ⅲ 语法填空
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese __1__ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners __2__ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realise how cheap __3__ can be to eat out. I still remember visiting a friend who __4__ (live) here for five years and I was __5__ (shock) when I learned she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
While regularly __6__ (eat) out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be __7__ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even __8__ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in __9__ (weigh) problems.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。中国饮食越来越受到外国友人的欢迎，与此同时，随着社会的发展，越来越多的人外出就餐。作者认为，外出就餐过多会带来费用支出过多和健康问题，我们应学着享受做饭的乐趣。
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home __10__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________
6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________
解析：考查名词。根据设空前的形容词Chinese可知，设空处应用名词作宾语，dish意为“菜肴”，为可数名词，此处应用名词复数。故填dishes。
1．答案：dishes
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。句意：许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜，就会比在自己的国家做饭少得多。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是westerners，指人，引导词在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
2．答案：who/that
解析：考查代词。how引导宾语从句，此处应用it作形式主语，to eat out作真正的主语。故填it。
3．答案：it
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：我还记得去拜访一位在这里住了五年的朋友，当我得知她这么长时间里一次都没做过饭时，我很震惊。此处表示在作者拜访时，朋友已经住了五年，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had lived。
4．答案：had lived
解析：考查词性转换。此处表示作者很震惊，应用 ed形式的形容词作表语。故填shocked。
5．答案：shocked
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，对于许多年轻人来说，经常外出就餐似乎变得越来越普遍，但这并非没有代价。此处应用动名词作主语。故填eating。
6．答案：eating
解析：考查词性转换。句意：最明显的就是钱；每周出去吃一两次饭可能负担得起，但大部分时间都这样做就会花很多钱。设空前是系动词，设空处应用形容词作表语，afford的形容词形式是affordable，意为“负担得起的”。故填affordable。
7．答案： affordable
解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：你的健康可能会付出更高的代价。设空后是名词，设空处应用形容词作定语，根据even可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填higher。
8．答案： higher
解析：考查词性转换。句意：研究人员发现，在外面吃的食物的增加和体重问题的增加之间存在直接联系。此处应用名词weight作定语，weight problem意为“体重问题”。故填weight。
9．答案： weight
解析：考查介词。句意：如果你不打算遭受这个问题，那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃饭时，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。此处是固定搭配for dinner，意为“吃晚饭”。故填for。
10．答案： for
Rosario's Peruvian Restaurant in Longmont has become well－known in the Denver metro area (都会区), Colorado over the last 10 years. The restaurant's owner Rosario Cardenas spends seven days a week at her beloved restaurant, joking that she calls it her “baby”. But how she made the restaurant a success is no joke at all. It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.
精深阅读
Rosario's is a little place but for the last decade it has been serving up big, bold flavors from recipes Cardenas brought with her from her home in Perú—recipes that have helped her solidify a status for many as the best Peruvian restaurant in the Denver metro area.
As a former teacher and school principal, cooking used to be just a hobby. But when she immigrated to the US, she couldn't use her education degree here, so she decided to use her talents to share her country's unique dishes with her new community. “I have always said, if you can dream it, you can achieve it, and for me, the restaurant was my dream，” Cardenas said.
Rosario's isn't just about delicious food, it's also serving up slices of Peruvian culture. It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country. At her restaurant, she created a concept on her menu called “tours”， where guests can have samples of all kinds of Peruvian dishes.
Cardenas has regular Latino (拉丁美洲人) customers who will drive special three to four hours, some even from Wyoming, not just to enjoy her cooking but also to find a restaurant that represents their own culture in the metro area.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以秘鲁文化为基础的食谱使得罗萨里奥餐厅在美国丹佛都会区深受欢迎。
“Food is a great way to connect, not just with the Peruvian community, but every single community. We have people from Mexico, Colombia, from all parts of South and Latin America.” Cardenas explained, “So, having me and my restaurant be that connection between these people and their culture and their heritage, I think it's just beautiful.”
1．What makes Rosario's restaurant popular in the Denver metro area
A．Its high-quality service.
B．Its family-centered model.
C．Its special location in Colorado.
D．Its Peruvian style recipes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“recipes that have helped her ... in the Denver metro area”可知，秘鲁特色的食谱使得罗萨里奥餐厅在丹佛都会区如此受欢迎。故选D。
2．Which words can best describe Cardenas
A．Ambitious and committed.
B．Organized but self－centered.
C．Adventurous and legendary.
D．Optimistic but simple minded.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.”可推知，Cardenas (卡德纳斯)是一个有决心、心志坚定的人；根据第三段中的“‘I have always said ... was my dream，’ Cardenas said.”可推知，她是一个有抱负的人。故选A。
3．Why did Cardenas present “tours” on her menu
A．To get customers to know about Perú.
B．To get customers to shape Peruvian identity.
C．To reward regular visitors from Perú.
D．To draw more tourists to her home country.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“It's part of ... Peruvian dishes.”可知，Cardenas在她的菜单上出现“旅游”，是想让客人认识秘鲁，品尝其菜肴，了解其文化。故选A。
4．What can be inferred about Rosario's restaurant from the last two paragraphs
A．It can meet the demands of all customers.
B．It is a place to realize American dream.
C．It helps bring Latino cultures together.
D．It will be widely known all over the world.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cardenas has regular Latino ...in the metro area.”可推知，Cardenas有固定的拉丁裔顾客，再结合最后一段中的“Food is a great way to connect ... and Latin America.”可推知，罗萨里奥餐厅有助于拉丁文化的融合。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．____________n. 决心，坚定；决定
2．______ n. 激情，热情
3．______ n. 幻想，想象；愿景
4．status n. ___________________________
5．________ v. 代表
determination
passion
vision
(尤指在社会中的)地位，身份
represent
(二)高频短语
1．_____________ 把……转变成……
2．_________ 上(菜)，(给……)提供
3．immigrate to _________
4．________ 一部分的
5．___________各种各样的
turn ... into …
serve up
移民到
part of
all kinds of
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．This beautiful old building has been restored to its _______ (form) glory.
2．Two of our greatest strengths are diversity and ___________ (commune)．
3．Outwardly she seemed confident but in ______ (real) she felt extremely nervous.
former
community
reality
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
1．He was a regular visitor to her house.________
2．I couldn't understand a single word she said！________
3．He immigrated with his parents in 1895 and grew up on Long Island. ______
定期的
单一的
移民
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．Long before I ever went there, Africa was alive in my imagination._______
2．If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal. _______
3．Each of London's districts had a distinct character that marked it off from its neighbours. _______
vision
achieve
unique
unique， achieve， vision
(六)长难句分析
It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country.
句意：帮助顾客感觉他们已经去了她的祖国旅行是卡德纳斯愿景的一部分。
分析：句子主干为It's part of Cardenas' vision，是“________”结构。It作_________，to help customers ... country是不定式短语作____________。help sb (to) do sth，不定式(to) do作宾语补足语，故feel like ... country为_____；they've taken a trip to her home country是______从句，作介词like的______。
主系表
形式主语
真正的主语
宾补
宾语
宾语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．__________________ (在过去的十年中), Chou has been surrounded by a lot of success and honor.
2．He _______________ (曾经是飞行员) but now he has a desk job.
(八)仿写句子
Arriving at the cinema, they found the film had been over.(现在分词作状语)
仿写：看着它，我知道妈妈一直在等着我，这让我平静了下来。
___________________________________________________________________
Over the last 10 years
used to be a pilot
Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.
