英语 选择性必修 第二册 RJ
Section Ⅲ Using Language & Assessing Your Progress
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能5——快速记笔记
听录音时快速、准确、简要地采用自己习惯的符号记下有关信息(包括数字、人名、地名、关键词等)，前提是不要影响跟听速度。注意记录要有重点、有技巧：用首字母代替人名、地名；用数字记录时间、数据；用关键词代替整句话等。
例如：How much will the man pay for the tickets
A．$18. B．$24.
C．$30.
录音：
W：Tickets for the movie are $6 for adults, half price for children.
M：All right, I'd like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please.
笔记可简化为： A代表adult ($6)，C代表children ($3)，总花费就是3A＋2C。
二、话题口语表达(开放型)
两人一组，虚构一个拨打急救电话的对话，可以虚构邻居老奶奶摔倒骨折，儿童不小心溺水或突发火灾等背景。
——Reading for Writing——
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．ankle n. 踝；踝关节
2．diner n. (尤指餐馆的)就餐者
3．steak n. 牛排；肉排
4．throat n. 咽喉；喉咙
5．fist n. 拳；拳头
6．motion n. 运动；移动
7．welfare n. 幸福；福祉；安康；福利
8．suburb n. 郊区；城外
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1．sprain vt. 扭伤(关节) n. 扭伤
2．panic vi.& vt. (使)惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌
3．scream vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
4．choke vi.& vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽
5．desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
6．slap vt. (用手掌)打、拍 n. (用手掌)打、拍；拍击声
7．grab vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺
8．justify vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
9．collapse vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒
10．manual n. 使用手册；说明书 adj. 用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．drown vi.& vt. (使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没→drowning adj. 溺水的→drowned adj. 淹死的
2．bleed vi. 流血；失血→bleeding n. 流血；失血→blood n. 血；血统
3．interrupt vi.& vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断→interruption n. 中断；打扰
4．practical adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的→impractical adj. 不切实际的；不明智的；不现实的
5．obstruction n. 阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物→obstruct vt. 阻碍；堵塞；阻塞
6．tight adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；拮据的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→tightly adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地
7．foggy adj. 有雾的→fog n. 雾；困惑；迷惘 v. 使困惑；使模糊；(使)雾气笼罩
8．membership n. 会员身份；全体会员；会员人数→member n. 成员；会员
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
fellow [熟义] n. 男人；家伙；同事
[生义] n. 同辈；同类；会员 adj. 同类的，同事的，同伴的；同情况的
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．help__sb__to__one's__feet 帮助某人站起身来
2．face__up/down 面朝上(朝下)
3．sleep__in 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
4．out__of__shape 健康状况不好
课文三维剖析
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing1, had his dinner interrupted2 when3 he heard someone screaming4 from another table. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red5, while6 his desperate friends were slapping him on the back. 北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声。原来餐馆里一个叫张涛的人被牛排噎住了。只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。 Chen__wasted__no__time. He got up and ran to Zhang's table at once. With the help of Zhang's friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang7, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was instantly forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again. Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived. The doctors checked Zhang and made sure that he was fine8. They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites9 before they left10. 陈伟毫不迟疑。他立刻起身，跑到张涛桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，陈伟扶着他站了起来。接着，陈伟站在张涛的背后，实施海姆立克急救法。食物瞬间被排出，张涛又能开始呼吸了。十分钟后，救护车赶到。医生们为张涛做了检查，确保他没有大碍。离开前，医生建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。 Choking__victims__usually__have__only__about__four__minutes__before__they__collapse__and__sometimes__die,__leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive11. To solve this problem12, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich13, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives14 around the world. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre15 is quick, practical, and easy. It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how16. 噎食者通常大约四分钟后就会瘫倒在地，有时甚至死亡，等不到救护车的到来。为解决这一问题，1974年美国医生亨利·海姆立克发明了“海姆立克急救法”，挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。海姆立克急救法简便、实用、见效快。事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。 If__you__see__someone__choking,__first__call__the__emergency__services. Then, make sure that the victim is really choking17: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim's back18 will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work19, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly20, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until21 the obstruction is forced out. 如果你发现有人被噎住，首先拨打急救电话。然后，确定此人确实是被噎住了：人被噎时是无法说话的。拍打噎食者的背部通常可以将异物排出。如果不奏效，那么你可以实施海姆立克急救法。具体做法是：站在此人身后，用双臂环抱其腰部。一只手握拳，置于其上腹部，另一只手紧紧握住拳头，快速用力向上往里挤压。重复上述动作，直至异物排出。 Doing__the__Heimlich__manoeuvre__on__a__small__child__is__not__recommended,__as you may hurt him22. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower23 than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again24. 不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法，因为你可能会伤到他/她。相反，应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上，使其头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打其上背部，直至他/她恢复呼吸。 With__choking__victims,__every__minute__counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid25 in school. Seeing Zhang choking26, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another's welfare27.” 救助噎食者，分秒必争。不要袖手旁观。幸运的是，陈伟在学校学过急救方法。看到张涛噎住，他保持冷静，且反应迅速。后来，陈伟谈起此事时说道：“我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢？大家都是人，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。” 1 Chen Wei的同位语 2 have sth done结构，意为“使某事被做” 3 引导时间状语从句 4 现在分词作宾语补足语 5 with复合结构作伴随状语 6 并列连词，表示对比，意为“而” 7 现在分词短语作方式状语 8 宾语从句 9 省略了that的宾语从句，从句运用了虚拟语气，谓语动词应为“should do”，should可省略 10 时间状语从句 11 现在分词短语作结果状语 12 不定式短语作目的状语 13 an American doctor的同位语 14 现在分词短语作结果状语 15 动名词短语作主语 16 so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于”，that引导结果状语从句，in fact作插入语 17 宾语从句 18 动名词短语作主语 19 条件状语从句 20 现在分词短语作方式状语 21 引导时间状语从句 22 原因状语从句 23 形容词的比较级作宾语补足语 24 时间状语从句 25 “疑问词＋不定式短语”作宾语 26 现在分词短语作时间状语 27 动词不定式短语作后置定语
阅读领悟
(一)海姆立克急救法步骤连线
(二)单句语法填空
1．He was now holding his throat with his face turning (turn) red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
2．Then, standing (stand) behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre.
3．Doing (do) the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, practical, and easy.
4．With choking (choke) victims, every minute counts.
(三)问题链
1．What is the Heimlich manoeuvre
It's__a__first__aid__method.
2．Why did Henry Heimlich create the Heimlich manoeuvre
Because__he__wanted__to__save__those__who__are__choking.
探究一 热词
1.scream vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音；呼吁，抗议(教材P56)
scream (out) at 对……大喊大叫；责备 scream (out) for 为……尖声叫喊；强烈要求 scream with 因……而大喊大叫 let out a scream 发出尖叫声
①Mrs Brown screamed at Joel for dropping the test tube.
因为乔尔把试管掉在地上，布朗太太生气地对他大吼大叫。
②Someone was screaming for help.
有人在大声呼救。
③My kids screamed with joy.
我的孩子们高兴得尖叫起来。
④Looking in through the broken window, Fandi let out a loud scream.
范迪透过坏了的窗户往里看，发出一声响亮的尖叫。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He slipped and fell off the 2nd storey, so he screamed with pain.
②I tried to apologize, but he just screamed abuse at me.
③Frightened by the thought that she was having a heart attack, Anne screamed for help.
【学会表达】翻译
④从震惊中清醒过来后，我发出一声响亮的尖叫。
After__waking__up__from__my__shock,__I__let__out__a__loud__scream.
2.choke vi.& vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽，说不出话；噎住；堵塞(教材P56)
choke on ... 因……而噎住，窒息 choke with ... 因……(尤指感情激动)而说不出话来，使哽咽 choke up (因感情激动而)说不出话来；闷住；阻塞 choke to death 窒息而死
①He choked on a piece of bread.
他被一块面包噎住了。
②His voice was choking with rage.
他气得声音哽咽。
③She choked up when she began to talk about her mother.
当她开始谈起母亲时，便哽咽着说不出话来。
④Struggling in the icy water, he cried for help desperately, almost choking to death.
他在冰冷的水中挣扎，绝望地大声呼救，差点窒息而死。(紧急情况)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①When she got to the saddest part of the story, her voice was choked with sobs.
②When she heard the exciting news, she choked up and couldn't utter a word.
③The little girl choked on a small piece of pear and her face turned purple.
【学会表达】完成句子
④这个小女孩在吸入大量烟雾后几乎窒息而死。
The little girl was almost choked__to__death after breathing in a lot of smoke.
3.desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的；渴望的(教材P56)
·desperately adv. 绝望地；不顾一切地；非常；极其 ·desperation n. 绝望；拼命 be desperate for 急需/渴望 be desperate to do sth 极想/渴望做某事 in desperate need of 极需 in desperation 绝望；在走投无路的情况下
①He looked round desperately for someone to help him.
他绝望地朝四周看了看，希望有人帮助他。
②He was so desperate for a job that he would have done anything.
他当时太想找份工作了，什么事都愿意干。
③They were that desperate to find out what would happen next.
他们是那么迫切地想看到接下来将发生什么。
④These villages are in desperate need of young people who can bring new ideas to contribute to rural vitalization.
这些村庄非常需要年轻人，他们可以带来新的想法，为乡村振兴做出贡献。
⑤In desperation, they jumped out of the window to escape the fire.
在绝望中，他们从窗户跳出来逃离大火。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①In desperation, she lowered the wage she was offering but she was still refused.
②Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep their families alive.
③He tried desperately (desperate) to convey how urgent the situation was.
【学会表达】翻译
④I was desperate to see the manager and tell him the good news.
我非常想见到经理并告诉他这个好消息。
⑤她说，那里的人们迫切需要食物、水和医疗。
She__said__people__there__were__in__desperate__need__of__food,__water__and__medical__care.
4.grab vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺(教材P56)
grab at/for (试图)抓住，夺得 grab ... from ... 从……抓…… grab hold of 抓住；控制 make a grab at/for 试图抓住
①He was clumsily trying to grab at Alfred's arms.
他笨手笨脚地想抓住艾尔弗雷德的手臂。
②Jim grabbed a cake from the plate.
吉姆从盘子里抓了一块蛋糕。
③Kay grabbed hold of my arm to stop herself falling.
凯抓住我的手臂，让自己不摔倒。
④The two children both made a grab for the same cake.
两个孩子都想抢同一块蛋糕。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Ford leapt to his feet and made a running grab at/for him.
②She grabbed at/for the balloon, but couldn't stop it blowing away.
③Then he grabbed the fruit from him and ran into the bush to eat it.
【学会表达】翻译
④他抓住我不松手。
He__grabbed__hold__of__me__and__wouldn't__let__go.
5.justify vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由(教材P56)
·justified adj. (做某事)有正当理由的；事出有因的；合乎情理的 ·justification n. 正当理由，合理解释 justify (doing) ... 为(做)……辩护；证明(做)……有道理 justify ... to sb 向某人证明……是对的；向某人解释…… be justified in doing sth 做某事是有正当理由的 in justification of ... 作为对……的解释；为……辩护
①How can they justify paying such huge salaries
他们怎么能证明付这么大笔薪金是正当的呢？
②You don't need to justify yourself to me.
你不必向我解释你的理由。
③I think you were quite justified in complaining.
我认为你的抱怨是相当有道理的。
④All I can say in justification of her actions is that she was under a lot of pressure at work.
我唯一能为她的行为辩解的理由是她工作压力很大。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We all have sound justification (justify) for what we do.
②I think he was quite justified (justify) in refusing to help her.
③How can we justify spending (spend) so much money on arms
【学会表达】翻译
④Choice can no longer be used to justify a marketing strategy.
选择不能再被用来证明营销策略的合理性。
⑤我希望你能向我们证明自己是正确的。
I__hope__you__can__justify__yourself__to__us.
6.collapse vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒(教材P57)
collapse from ... 由于……而倒塌/昏倒 collapse under ... 被……所压塌
①One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed, she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.
一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她突然晕倒了，最终被发现是心脏病发作。
②The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.
屋顶被雪的重量压塌了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The bridge collapsed under the strain of all the extra traffic.
②A policeman collapsed from the smoke in the burning house.
【学会表达】翻译
③地面还在摇晃，我能听到远处建筑物倒塌的声音。
The__ground__was__still__shaking,__and__I__could__hear__the__sound__of__buildings__collapsing__in__the__distance.
1．bleed vi. 流血；失血→bleeding n. 流血；失血→blood n. 血；血统
His finger cut by the knife was bleeding and he lost much blood.
他被刀割破的手指在流血，流了很多血。
2．interrupt vi.& vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断→interruption n. 中断；打扰
What bothered me was that I was often interrupted by my colleagues and the interruption had a great influence on me.
令我困扰的是，我经常被同事打断，这种打断对我影响很大。
3．practical adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的→impractical adj. 不切实际的；不明智的；不现实的
Children are mentally active and come up with some practical or impractical ideas.
孩子们思想活跃，他们提出了一些切实可行的或不切实际的想法。
4．tight adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；拮据的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→tightly adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地
“Hold on tight when we go around the corner and grip the rope as tightly as you can，” the coach yelled.
教练喊道：“我们转弯时要抓紧，尽可能紧紧地抓住绳子。”
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Just now, the sudden noise from the next room interrupted (interrupt) my train of thinking.
②It makes a lot of sense, but it seems impractical (practical)．
③The best way to treat such bleeding (bleed) is to apply firm pressure.
④The horse was feeling frisky, and he had to hold the reins tightly (tight)．
【学会表达】翻译
⑤从实用的角度来看，这不是一个宜居的地方。
From__a__practical__point__of__view,__it__isn't__a__good__place__to__live.
⑥很抱歉打扰你，但我需要请你到楼下来。
Sorry__to__interrupt,__but__I__need__to__ask__you__to__come__downstairs.
fellow
[熟义]n. 男人；家伙；同事 [生义]n. 同辈；同类；会员 adj. 同类的，同事的，同伴的；同情况的
①I cannot abide that fellow any more.
我再也没法容忍那个家伙了。
②Many caged birds live longer than their fellows in the wild.
许多笼养鸟类比野生鸟类的寿命长。
③He wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps.
他想激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同行，追随他的脚步。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①He stood out in terms of competence from all his fellows.colleagues
【学会表达】翻译
②While there is trouble and hate in the world, there is also generosity and love for our fellow man.
虽然世界上有麻烦和仇恨，但对我们的同胞也有慷慨和爱。
探究二 短语
1.help sb to one's feet 帮助某人站起身来(教材P56)
feet/foot 其他相关短语： on one's feet 站着；复原；处于令人满意的(非身体的)状态 jump/get/rise to one's feet 某人跳起来/站起来 stand on one's own feet某人自立/独立 under one's feet 阻碍/妨碍某人(工作等) struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 tap/stamp one's feet 跺脚
①Somehow we managed to help her to her feet.
不管怎样，我们终于帮助她站了起来。
②The minister was on his feet at once to answer the charge.
部长立即起身答复那项指控。
③I don't want you kids under my feet while I'm cooking.
我做饭时，不希望你们这些孩子在这碍手碍脚。
④The man struggled to his feet and went on.
那个人挣扎着站起来，继续往前走。
【小小语义场】肢体类相关短语
wag one's finger at sb 用食指指着某人
spread one's hands 摊开双手
catch/grab one's arm 抓住某人的胳膊
keep sb at arm's length 同某人保持一定距离
drag one's heavy legs 拖着沉重的双腿
head for/towards 朝……走去
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There they found only one man still on his feet (foot), David.
②I am trying my hardest to stand on my own two feet.
【学会表达】翻译
③Allen was now quite conscious, so I helped him to his feet.
艾伦现在神志很清醒，所以我扶他站了起来。
④我拉着他的手挣扎着站起来。
I__held__his__hand__and__struggled__to__my__feet.
2.out of shape 健康状况不好；变形的，走样的(教材P58)
shape其他相关短语： in good shape 处于良好的状态；身体健康；身材好 stay in shape 保持身体健康；保持好体形 in the shape of 以……的形状 take shape开始形成，成型 shape up改善状况，变得更好
①Some of her organs, bones and muscles were out of shape.
她的一些器官、骨头和肌肉都不健康。
②You may be inspired to exercise and stay in shape.
你可能会受到鼓舞，去锻炼并保持身体健康。
③A mini vase only millimeters in size starts to take shape as viewers watch on.
在观众的注视下，一个只有毫米大小的迷你花瓶开始成型。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Tim is in good shape physically even if he doesn't get much exercise.
②You had better shape up or I'll have to replace you with someone better.
【学会表达】翻译
③She opened it and pulled out a lovely toy in the shape of a star.
她打开它，拿出一个星形的可爱玩具。
④如果你身体不好，选择一条更容易的路线。
If__you're__out__of__shape,__opt__for__an__easier__trail.
探究三 长难句分析
To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world.(教材P56) 为了解决这个问题，1974年美国医生亨利·海姆立克发明了“海姆立克急救法”，挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。
【分析】 句子主干为an American doctor created the Heimlich manoeuvre，是“主谓宾”结构。To solve this problem是动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示某一动作或状态的目的；in 1974为时间状语；Henry Heimlich是an American doctor的同位语；saving ... 是现在分词短语作结果状语。
动词不定式(短语)作目的状语： 置于句首，起强调作用，用逗号与句子隔开，常意为“为了……”；置于句尾，通常不用逗号隔开，常意为“以便……，目的是……”。 为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加in order 或 so as(不能放在句首)。 当不定式(短语)有自己的动作执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构(即前面加“for＋名词/代词”)。
①To order a vehicle, you have to pay a deposit.
要想订购一辆汽车，你必须交付押金。
②He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up to see them.
他把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。
③Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental protection.
曹和吴还在沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。
④You'd better find some food for the children to eat.
你最好给孩子们找些吃的。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She waited for him to get up, but he didn't move.
②To__help (help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
③One should learn from past mistakes so as to__avoid (avoid) falling into the same old trap again.
【学会表达】翻译
④医生彻夜工作以拯救伤者的生命。
Doctors__worked__through__the__night__to__save__the__life__of__the__injured__man.
维度一 高频词汇
(一)写出下列单词的英文
1．interrupt vi.& vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断
2．drown vi.& vt. (使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没
3．panic vi.& vt. (使)惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌
4．scream vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
5．desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
6．choke vi.& vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽
7．slap vt. (用手掌)打、拍 n. (用手掌)打、拍；拍击声
8．grab vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺
9．collapse vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒
10．justify vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1．When we visited his farm, he could only grab my hands, with tears in his eyes. 抓住
2．Manual machines at the former factory had been replaced by automated equipment. 手控的
3．Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, sells vegetables for a living. 家伙
4．He was absent from this match due to an ankle sprain.扭伤
5．Money was always tight, but we had a roof over our heads.拮据的
维度二 语境运用
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．It's not during foggy (fog) and snowy conditions that people think of increasing the chance of rainfall.
2．Decisions made in panic are almost always bad ones.
3．He had an operation to remove an obstruction (obstruct) in his throat.
4．He was still conscious, trying to stem the bleeding (bleed) with his right hand.
5．Weekends are my only chance to sleep in,__but I couldn't.
(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
1．If you smack someone in the face, what would they do slap
2．Because he was being so kind and concerned, I broke down and cried. collapsed
3．Guests panicked and made a very loud cry when the bomb exploded. screamed
4．We'll always give an explanation for our actions with noble sounding theories. justify
5．The coffee was almost too hot to swallow and made him get enough air into his lungs for a moment. choke
维度三 能力提升
(五)长难句分析
In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands was threatened by frequent flooding from the Minjiang River.
分析：句子主干是the__region__was__threatened，为“主谓”结构。In ancient times是介词短语作时间状语；in which ... 是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰限定the region；flooding作宾语；from the Minjiang River是介词短语作后置定语。
(六)句型转换
1．As I don't know her address, I had better telephone her to come over.(现在分词短语作状语)
→Not__knowing__her__address,__I had better telephone her to come over.
2．Linda and I don't know how we can explain such an unexpected question. (疑问词＋不定式短语)
→Linda and I don't know how__to__explain__such__an__unexpected__question．
维度四 素养提升
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．So will being__out__of__shape (健康状况不好) keep you from getting a job
2．He helped__the__wounded__boy__to__his__feet (帮助那个受伤的男孩站起来) by holding his arm.
3．All the time Stephen was lying face__down (面朝下) and unconscious in the bathtub.
(八)翻译
1．有导游带我们参观景点，我们玩得很开心。
With__a__guide__showing__us__around__the__scenic__spots,__we__had__a__good__time.
2．看到儿子不吃早饭，他生气了。
Seeing__his__son__skipping__breakfast,__he__became__angry.
课后课时作业(一)
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 A B
难度 ★ ★★
阅读
A
In many regions of Ghana, it can take hours to get to the nearest hospital. As a result, many people lose their lives to treatable illnesses. Osei Boateng experienced this personally when he lost his grandmother and aunt. Feeling an urgent call to help, Boateng decided he would make it his life mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana.
Boateng started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation 2 years ago. He converted a van (厢式货车) into a mobile doctor's office and started bringing health care directly to those in need. A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distance to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care.
On each trip, Boateng's team consists of a nurse, a physician's assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It's like a one stop shop for people，” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.
Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4，000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don't have easily accessible medical care. Boateng has big plans for the future. He hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high quality mobile medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well.
Boateng has gone all in on his OKB Hope Foundation, recently quitting his job to dedicate his time to bringing health care to his home country. But for him, the sacrifices are well worth the reward. “Words cannot describe the feeling that you get providing care for someone who otherwise wouldn't be alive if your mobile health van wasn't there.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Boateng (博阿腾)创办了OKB Hope Foundation基金会，并说明了他通过移动诊所的形式拯救生命的原因以及该基金会产生的影响。
1．What do we know about Osei Boateng
A．He founded OKB Hope Foundation.
B．He lost his life to treatable illnesses.
C．He built hospitals to make great fortune.
D．He lost his grandmother in the hospital.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Boateng started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation 2 years ago.”可知，他创立了OKB Hope Foundation基金会。故选A。
2．What is special about the Hope Health Van
A．It has only a nurse and a doctor.
B．It's a free mobile medical team.
C．It's a mobile one stop grocery shop.
D．Patients travel long distances to it.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A few times a week ... provide free routine medical care.(移动诊所和医疗团队每周都会长途跋涉几次，前往加纳的偏远社区提供免费的常规医疗服务。)”可知，这是一支免费的移动医疗队。故选B。
3．Which of the following best describes the impact of OKB Hope Foundation
A．Temporary. B．Predictable.
C．Far reaching. D．Negative.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Since its launch ... easily accessible medical care.(Boateng说，‘希望健康车’自启动以来，已经为超过45个农村社区的4，000多名加纳人提供了服务，否则这些人就无法轻易获得医疗服务。)”可知，OKB Hope Foundation帮助了很多人，由此可推知，它影响深远。故选C。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Rescuing Ghana
B．Mobile Clinic Saves Lives
C．Be A Good Doctor
D．Changing Local Hospitals
答案：B
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Boateng创办了OKB Hope Foundation基金会，并说明了他通过移动诊所的形式拯救生命的原因以及该基金会产生的影响，B项(移动诊所拯救生命)适合作为文章标题。故选B。
B
(新课标Ⅰ卷)“I am not crazy，” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well，” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国兽医William Farber (威廉·法伯)利用中西医结合的整体医学疗法治疗动物并取得了良好疗效的故事。
5．What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him
A．He's odd. B．He's strict.
C．He's brave. D．He's rude.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods”可知，Farber的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的治疗方法，由此可推知，Farber的一些同事认为他很奇怪。故选A。
6．Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university.
B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient.
D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Farber尝试针灸治疗之后背痛得到了缓解，所以他认为针灸治疗似乎也可以应用到宠物身上，也就是说他自己作为病人从针灸治疗中获得了益处，所以决定把针灸应用到宠物身上。故选C。
7．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B．The complexity of veterinarians' work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases.
D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
答案：D
解析：段落大意题。本段主要介绍了两只动物经过Farber的治疗后，病情有所好转。由此可知，本段主要介绍了Farber的整体医学疗法所取得的效果。故选D。
8．Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber's point.
B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians.
D．To advocate animal protection.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“he may be right: Since 1982 ... grown from 30 to over 700”可推知，作者提到该组织是为了证明Farber的观点是正确的。故选A。
1．foundation/fa n'deI n/n. 基金会；基础
2．launch/l nt /v. 发起；发动；推出
3．accessible/ k'ses bl/adj. 可到达的；可进入的
4．coworker/'k w k (r)/n. 同事；合作者
5．alternative/ l't n tIv/adj. 可供替代的；非传统
6．relief/rI'li f/n. 减轻；缓解；宽慰
7．consist of 由……组成
8．one stop shop 一站式服务；一站式商店
9．dedicate ... to ... 把……奉献给……
10．have the last laugh 取得最终胜利
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see！”
“No，” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.”
“You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go，” said Robert, and he ran off. Henry went straight home and in the afternoon went to school as usual.
But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn't want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored (忽视) the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Robert was fast sinking. Thus, Robert's life was saved.
5R解读故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
Robert,__Henry, the other boys
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
Robert thought Henry was a coward because Henry didn't watch fight in the street with him, so they were no longer friends. Other boys also looked__down__upon Henry.
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
Robert was excited about watching fight but Henry thought they should went home safe and sound. Robert was angry and hung out with other boys from then on. Henry was sad but he didn't__care__about Robert and other boys' bad behaviour.
5．Read for theme (主题)
True courage is: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
From__this,__Robert__learned__what__true__courage__was:__never__be__afraid__to__do__good,__but__always__fear__to__do__evil.
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
By__great__effort,__and__with__too__much__danger__to__himself,__he__brought__Robert__back__to__the__shore.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
Robert was scared and cried out for help. Henry wasn't__hesitant about jumping into the water and tried his best to save Robert.
第二段：
Robert and the others were ashamed at what they had done to Henry. Henry forgave them happily．
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
Hearing the screams, Henry ran quickly to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without__hesitation．
第二段：
They realized that Henry had true__courage. And it was Henry who was the true__friend worth making. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Robert (罗伯特)和Henry (亨利)是好朋友，两人在放学途中看到有人在打架，Robert怂恿Henry一同去看，但是Henry却认为这样做不安全，也劝Robert不要去。但是Robert却认为Henry是懦夫，并疏远了他。Robert和新朋友们在河里洗澡时突然溺水，新朋友们没有人救他。谁会来救他呢？被救后，Robert会做些什么，他会有什么感想呢？
[精彩范文]
Robert was fast sinking. It seemed as if Robert would be drowned only with his hands sticking out of the water. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran quickly to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking at the last moment. By great effort, and with too much danger to himself, he brought Robert back to the shore.
Thus, Robert's life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. And it was Henry who was the true friend worth making. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1. 2. 3.
课后课时作业(二)
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
I was a young newspaper reporter, and I wanted to succeed. My first job was in Latin America. It was almost my last job.
I had not planned to stay in the village of Zacate, but it had been raining hard for a whole day. So I had to stay there.
I found people there full of fear. This village was at the foot of a volcano. It was becoming more active. Men, women and children came to the square. A few helped each other and went out of town to get as far away from the volcano as possible, with large and full packs in their hands. Suddenly, I felt a strong earthquake. The villagers in the square ran away as soon as they felt the earthquake.
Suddenly, I saw black smoke rolling down the side of the mountain towards the village. Trees and grass burned up in a second. The volcano eruption was coming so fast that in less than a minute the roads to the village were cut off. All I could do was watch and wait. Suddenly, my landlord (房东) cried out, “Look！” He pointed to a small hill, which was near to us. The lava was not coming over it but flowing on each side of the village, leaving the village centre undamaged. For a time, at least, we were safe, unless the lava grew much bigger.
My landlord gave me a wet blanket to cover myself to avoid the heat and we poured water over our heads to cool ourselves. We could hardly breathe because of the heat and the smoke of the burning houses. Thanks to my landlord, I survived the volcano.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名报社记者，在拉丁美洲工作时处于火山喷发的危险中的经历。
1．The reporter stayed in Zacate because of ________．
A．his busy job B．bad weather
C．an accident D．an adventure
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，由于天气不好，记者留在了Zacate。故选B。
2．What made the villagers leave the town
A．The news report. B．The journalist.
C．The active volcano. D．Their strict landlord.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This village was ... with large and full packs in their hands.”可知，活火山使村民们离开了这个小镇。故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The lava. B．The thick smoke.
C．The village. D．The small hill.
答案：D
解析：指代判断题。根据画线词前文“He pointed to a small hill, which was near to us.”可知，他指的是一座小山，由此可推知，画线词“it”指的是“小山”。故选D。
4．What can we learn from the text
A．The landlord is very experienced.
B．The small village was flooded.
C．The lava killed a lot of people.
D．The rescuers saved the reporter.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，房东给了作者一条湿毯子，让作者盖住自己，以免受热，并把水倒在头上降温。由此可推知，房东应对火山喷发很有经验。故选A。
Ⅱ 七选五
Last week when I was reading at home, my younger sister rushed in and told me an old man was lying on the ground in front of our building. I immediately took my first－aid kit and ran downstairs. He was suffering a slight heart attack. And I performed CPR on him. Luckily, an ambulance came soon and he was taken to hospital. Later that day I was told by the hospital what I did helped rescue the old man's life. I was happy to hear that. __1__ There were many people who wanted to help around the old man then. Yet no one performed first aid on him as they hadn't attended a first－aid course. __2__ Here are my reasons.
You can gain the knowledge, skills and confidence to act in an emergency. You never know when you might need them—maybe at home, at work, at school or on holiday. If you have the skills, you can act whenever you're needed.
__3__ For your family or your neighbors, having more people with first－aid skills helps build a stronger and more harmonious (和谐的) community.
You can stay safe at work. __4__ With first－aid knowledge you can create a safe work environment and help meet your workplace's safety requirements.
It's useful for your future career. The first－hand experience you gain through learning first－aid and using your skills could help you decide if you want to pursue (追求) a career in the healthy profession. __5__
A．But at the same time I felt a bit sad.
B．You can easily get a job in this profession.
C．You can be a helper in your community.
D．Illness and injury can happen anytime in the workplace.
E．You can take first－aid courses in your community for free.
F．It's necessary for everyone to learn some basic first－aid techniques.
G．It also shows your commitment to the career in the health profession.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者因为运用自己的急救知识挽救老人的生命而感到高兴，认为每个人都有必要学习一些基本的急救技巧，并给出了具体的理由。
1．答案：A
解析：前文“Later that day ... happy to hear that.”叙述自己因成功挽救老人的生命而高兴；后文“There were many people ... a first－aid course.”指出有很多人想帮助老人却因为不懂急救而没办法提供帮助，A项(但与此同时，我感到有点难过。)承前启后。故选A。
2．答案：F
解析：前文“There were many people ... a first－aid course.”指出有很多人想帮助老人却因不懂急救而无法提供帮助；后文“Here are my reasons.”指出要说明理由，F项(每个人都有必要学习一些基本的急救技巧。)承前启后。故选F。
3．答案：C
解析：设空处位于段首，是段落主旨句。根据后文内容可知，本段主要介绍学习基本的急救技巧对帮助社区的作用，C项(你可以成为社区的帮手。)概括本段内容。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：后文“With first－aid knowledge ... your workplace's safety requirements.”介绍掌握急救知识在工作场所中的作用，D项(疾病和伤害随时可能在工作场所发生。)引出后文，其中的workplace为原词复现。故选D。
5．答案：G
解析：前文“It's useful for your future career ... in the healthy profession. (这对你未来的职业生涯很有用。你通过学习急救和运用你的技能获得的第一手经验可以帮助你决定是否要追求健康行业的职业生涯。)”介绍掌握急救知识对职业生涯的作用，帮助决定是否从事健康行业，G项(这也表明了你对健康职业的热情。)符合语境，和前文是递进的关系。故选G。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
上周末你和朋友小敏去爬山，途中她不慎摔倒，左腿磕到一块锋利的石头上，被划出一道较深的伤口，你利用急救课上学到的知识，简单帮小敏处理了伤口。请你根据此次经历写一篇短文，给校英文网站“Safety”专栏投稿，内容包括：
1．发生事故的时间和地点；
2．实施急救的具体过程；
3．掌握急救知识的必要性。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
Last weekend I was climbing Mount Wuyi with my friend Xiaomin when she fell over and cut her left leg open on a sharp block of stone.
The moment the accident happened, I applied first aid immediately. Firstly, I applied pressure to her left leg using a clean and dry towel for several minutes to stop the bleeding. When the wound stopped bleeding, I cleaned her wound with a bottle of water carefully. Lastly, I gently patted the area dry using a clean towel.
From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
单元写作
单元写作——急救类故事
本单元的写作主题为急救类故事。关于此类文章的写作需要注意以下几点：
记叙文通常包含三部分：
开头：多为背景介绍，交代时间、地点、人物(when, where, who)等。
主体：故事情节(the plot)：事件发生的原因；当时的状况；解决的办法。
结尾：评价或总结事件，也可以用引语(quotation)作为结尾。如果主题为赞美好人好事，那么在结尾处要体现人物精神，并赞扬其精神；如果主题是强调急救知识的重要性，那么在结尾处可倡导读者学习急救知识。
________(时间), I went to ________ (活动) with ________ (人物). Unfortunately, ________ (事件发生的原因)． I immediately ________ (急救活动一). Then I ________ (急救活动二). Just at that moment an ambulance arrived and took ________ (受伤的人) to the hospital. Only then was I aware that ________ (描述感受)．
※开头常用句式
1．Last Sunday, I went to the park with Tony for a picnic.
上周日，我和托尼去公园野餐。
2．Unfortunately, Tony's left foot got badly injured，tripping over a step on our way to the park.
不幸的是，在我们去公园的路上，托尼被一个台阶绊倒了，左脚受了重伤。
3．One day Mike was studying in his room when he heard a scream from the kitchen.
有一天，迈克正在他的房间里学习，这时，他突然听到厨房传来一声尖叫。
※主体段落常用句式
1．Luckily, I'd just learned about first aid in our school.
幸运的是，我在学校刚学过急救知识。
2．So I dialed 120 immediately and performed first aid before the doctor came.
因此我立即拨打了120，在医生来之前进行了急救处理。
3．Then I rushed to a shop nearby and fetched bags of ice, and carefully applied the ice to the injury.
然后我跑到附近的一家商店拿来几个冰袋，并小心地把冰袋敷在伤口上。
4．About ten minutes later, the swelling seemed to have gone down a little.
大约十分钟后，肿胀似乎消退了一些。
5．And I covered the injury with a clean and dry bandage.
然后我用干净、干燥的绷带包扎了伤口。
6．I gave him CPR and got his heart beating before the paramedics arrived.
我为他进行了心肺复苏，在急救人员到达之前他的心脏又恢复了跳动。
※结尾常用句式
1．Only then was I aware of what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid could make.
那时我才意识到基本的急救知识能起多大的作用。
2．By no means can I just stand by and do nothing in such a case.
在这种情况下，我决不能坐视不管。
3．Learning about first aid is practical.
学习急救知识是非常实用的。
假定你是李华。昨天你在放学途中遇到一个年轻人在路边对一名晕倒的老人进行急救。请你给校英语报的好人好事专栏写一封信投稿，内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．事情的经过；
3．你的感想。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
Dear Editor，
Yesterday, I came across an emergency where a young man performed first aid on an old man on the roadside.
At about 6 pm, I was walking home with my classmate when we found there were many people crowding in front. Feeling curious, we walked forward only to find an old man lying on the ground. Just at that time, a young man rushed forward and began to give first aid to the old man. After a while, the old man recovered and opened his eyes. Seeing that, everyone else clapped their hands. Then an ambulance arrived and rushed the old man to the hospital. The doctors praised the young man for his quick and proper action.
I think he has set a good example to us. We should learn some first aid knowledge to help those who need it.
Yours，
Li Hua
33(共128张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
单元主题：人与自我——急救
Section Ⅲ Using Language & Assessing Your Progress
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能5——快速记笔记
听录音时快速、准确、简要地采用自己习惯的符号记下有关信息(包括数字、人名、地名、关键词等)，前提是不要影响跟听速度。注意记录要有重点、有技巧：用首字母代替人名、地名；用数字记录时间、数据；用关键词代替整句话等。
例如：How much will the man pay for the tickets
A．$18. B．$24.
C．$30.
录音：
W：Tickets for the movie are $6 for adults, half price for children.
M：All right, I'd like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please.
笔记可简化为： A代表adult ($6)，C代表children ($3)，总花费就是3A＋2C。
二、话题口语表达(开放型)
两人一组，虚构一个拨打急救电话的对话，可以虚构邻居老奶奶摔倒骨折，儿童不小心溺水或突发火灾等背景。
WELCOME UNIT
——Reading for Writing——
预习检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业（一）
5
课后课时作业（二）
6
预习检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1.ankle n. ____________
2.diner n. ___________________
3.steak n. ____________
4.throat n. ____________
5.fist n. __________
6.motion n. ____________
7.welfare n. ________________________
8.suburb n. ____________
踝；踝关节
(尤指餐馆的)就餐者
牛排；肉排
咽喉；喉咙
拳；拳头
运动；移动
幸福；福祉；安康；福利
郊区；城外
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1._______ vt. 扭伤(关节) n. 扭伤
2.______ vi.& vt. (使)惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌
3._______ vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
4.______ vi.& vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽
5._________ adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
6._____ vt. (用手掌)打、拍 n. (用手掌)打、拍；拍击声
sprain
panic
scream
choke
desperate
slap
7._______ vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺
8._______ vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
9.________ vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒
10._______ n. 使用手册；说明书 adj. 用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
grab
justify
collapse
manual
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1.drown vi.& vt. (使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没→_______ adj. 溺水的→_______ adj. 淹死的
2.bleed vi. 流血；失血→________ n. 流血；失血→_______ n. 血；血统
3.interrupt vi.& vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断→_________ n. 中断；打扰
4.practical adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的→__________ adj. 不切实际的；不明智的；不现实的
5.obstruction n. 阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物→_______ vt. 阻碍；堵塞；阻塞
drowning
drowned
bleeding
blood
interruption
impractical
obstruct
6.tight adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；拮据的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→_______ adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地
7.foggy adj. 有雾的→_____ n. 雾；困惑；迷惘 v. 使困惑；使模糊；(使)雾气笼罩
8.membership n. 会员身份；全体会员；会员人数→________ n. 成员；会员
tightly
fog
member
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
fellow [熟义] n. _________________
[生义] n. 同辈；同类；会员 adj. 同类的，同事的，同伴的；同情况的
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1.__________________ 帮助某人站起身来
2._____________ 面朝上(朝下)
3.________ 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
4.___________ 健康状况不好
男人；家伙；同事
help sb to one’s feet
face up/down
sleep in
out of shape
自主学习 课文语篇
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing1, had his dinner interrupted2 when3 he heard someone screaming4 from another table. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red5, while6 his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
课文三维剖析
1 Chen Wei的_______
2 have sth done结构，意为“使某事被做”
3 引导时间状语从句
4 现在分词作____________
5 with复合结构作____________
6 并列连词，表示对比，意为“而”
同位语
宾语补足语
伴随状语
北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声。原来餐馆里一个叫张涛的人被牛排噎住了。只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。
7 现在分词短语作________
Chen__wasted__no__time. He got up and ran to Zhang's table at once. With the help of Zhang's friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang7, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was instantly forced out, and Zhang
方式状语
8 宾语从句
9 省略了that的宾语从句，从句运用了虚拟语气，谓语动词应为“should do”，_______可省略
10 时间状语从句
began to breathe again. Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived. The doctors checked Zhang and made sure that he was fine8. They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites9 before they left10.
陈伟毫不迟疑。他立刻起身，跑到张涛桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，陈伟扶着他站了
should
起来。接着，陈伟站在张涛的背后，实施海姆立克急救法。食物瞬间被排出，张涛又能开始呼吸了。十分钟后，救护车赶到。医生们为张涛做了检查，确保他没有大碍。离开前，医生建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。
11 现在分词短语作________
12 不定式短语作________
13 an American doctor的同位语
14 现在分词短语作_________
15 动名词短语作主语
16 so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于”，that引导_________从句，in fact作_______
Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die， leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive11. To solve this problem12， in 1974， an American doctor， Henry Heimlich13， created the Heimlich manoeuvre， saving thousands of lives14 around the world. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre15 is quick， practical， and easy. It is so easy， in fact， that almost anyone can learn how16.
结果状语
目的状语
结果状语
结果状语
插入语
噎食者通常大约四分钟后就会瘫倒在地，有时甚至死亡，等不到救护车的到来。为解决这一问题，1974年美国医生亨利·海姆立克发明了“海姆立克急救法”，挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。海姆立克急救法简便、实用、见效快。事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。
17 宾语从句
18 动名词短语作______
19 条件状语从句
20 现在分词短语作方式状语
21 引导_________从句
If__you__see__someone__choking,__first__call__the__emergency__services. Then, make sure that the victim is really choking17: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim's back18 will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work19, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly20, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until21 the obstruction is forced out.
主语
时间状语
如果你发现有人被噎住，首先拨打急救电话。然后，确定此人确实是被噎住了：人被噎时是无法说话的。拍打噎食者的背部通常可以将异物排出。如果不奏效，那么你可以实施海姆立克急救法。具体做法是：站在此人身后，用双臂环抱其腰部。一只手握拳，置于其上腹部，另一只手紧紧握住拳头，快速用力向上往里挤压。重复上述动作，直至异物排出。
22 原因状语从句
23 形容词的比较级作___________
24_________从句
Doing__the__Heimlich__manoeuvre__on__a__small__child__is__not__recommended,__as you may hurt him22. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower23 than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again24.
宾语补足语
时间状语
不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法，因为你可能会伤到他/她。相反，应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上，使其头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打其上背部，直至他/她恢复呼吸。
25 “疑问词＋不定式短语”作宾语
26 现在分词短语作_________
27 动词不定式短语作_______
With__choking__victims,__every__minute__counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid25 in school. Seeing Zhang choking26, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another's welfare27.”
时间状语
后置定语
救助噎食者，分秒必争。不要袖手旁观。幸运的是，陈伟在学校学过急救方法。看到张涛噎住，他保持冷静，且反应迅速。后来，陈伟谈起此事时说道：“我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢？大家都是人，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。”
(一)海姆立克急救法步骤连线
阅读领悟
(二)单句语法填空
1.He was now holding his throat with his face _______ (turn) red， while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
2.Then， ________ (stand) behind Zhang， Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre.
3.______ (do) the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick， practical， and easy.
4.With _______ (choke) victims， every minute counts.
turning
standing
Doing
choking
(三)问题链
1.What is the Heimlich manoeuvre？
_____________________
2.Why did Henry Heimlich create the Heimlich manoeuvre？
____________________________________________
It’s a first aid method.
Because he wanted to save those who are choking.
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 热词
1.scream vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音；呼吁，抗议(教材P56)
scream (out) at 对……大喊大叫；责备
scream (out) for 为……尖声叫喊；强烈要求
scream with 因……而大喊大叫
let out a scream 发出尖叫声
①Mrs Brown screamed at Joel for dropping the test tube.
因为乔尔把试管掉在地上，布朗太太生气地对他大吼大叫。
②Someone was screaming for help.
有人在大声呼救。
③My kids screamed with joy.
我的孩子们高兴得尖叫起来。
④Looking in through the broken window, Fandi let out a loud scream.
范迪透过坏了的窗户往里看，发出一声响亮的尖叫。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He slipped and fell off the 2nd storey， so he screamed _______ pain.
②I tried to apologize， but he just screamed abuse ____ me.
③Frightened by the thought that she was having a heart attack， Anne screamed _____ help.
【学会表达】翻译
④从震惊中清醒过来后，我发出一声响亮的尖叫。
________________________________________________
with
at
for
After waking up from my shock, I let out a loud scream.
2.choke vi.& vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽，说不出话；噎住；堵塞(教材P56)
choke on ... 因……而噎住，窒息
choke with ... 因……(尤指感情激动)而说不出话来，使哽咽
choke up (因感情激动而)说不出话来；闷住；阻塞
choke to death 窒息而死
①He choked on a piece of bread.
他被一块面包噎住了。
②His voice was choking with rage.
他气得声音哽咽。
③She choked up when she began to talk about her mother.
当她开始谈起母亲时，便哽咽着说不出话来。
④Struggling in the icy water, he cried for help desperately, almost choking to death.
他在冰冷的水中挣扎，绝望地大声呼救，差点窒息而死。(紧急情况)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①When she got to the saddest part of the story， her voice was choked _______ sobs.
②When she heard the exciting news， she choked _____ and couldn't utter a word.
③The little girl choked _____ a small piece of pear and her face turned purple.
【学会表达】完成句子
④这个小女孩在吸入大量烟雾后几乎窒息而死。
The little girl was almost ______________ after breathing in a lot of smoke.
with
up
on
choked to death
3.desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的；渴望的(教材P56)
·desperately adv. 绝望地；不顾一切地；非常；极其
·desperation n. 绝望；拼命
be desperate for 急需/渴望
be desperate to do sth 极想/渴望做某事
in desperate need of 极需
in desperation 绝望；在走投无路的情况下
①He looked round desperately for someone to help him.
他绝望地朝四周看了看，希望有人帮助他。
②He was so desperate for a job that he would have done anything.
他当时太想找份工作了，什么事都愿意干。
③They were that desperate to find out what would happen next.
他们是那么迫切地想看到接下来将发生什么。
④These villages are in desperate need of young people who can bring new ideas to contribute to rural vitalization.
这些村庄非常需要年轻人，他们可以带来新的想法，为乡村振兴做出贡献。
⑤In desperation, they jumped out of the window to escape the fire.
在绝望中，他们从窗户跳出来逃离大火。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①____ desperation， she lowered the wage she was offering but she was still refused.
②Men become desperate _____ work， any work， which will help them to keep their families alive.
③He tried ___________ (desperate) to convey how urgent the situation was.
【学会表达】翻译
④I was desperate to see the manager and tell him the good news.
________________________________________
⑤她说，那里的人们迫切需要食物、水和医疗。
_________________________________________________________________
In
for
desperately
我非常想见到经理并告诉他这个好消息。
She said people there were in desperate need of food, water and medical care.
4.grab vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺(教材P56)
grab at/for (试图)抓住，夺得
grab ... from ... 从……抓……
grab hold of 抓住；控制
make a grab at/for 试图抓住
①He was clumsily trying to grab at Alfred's arms.
他笨手笨脚地想抓住艾尔弗雷德的手臂。
②Jim grabbed a cake from the plate.
吉姆从盘子里抓了一块蛋糕。
③Kay grabbed hold of my arm to stop herself falling.
凯抓住我的手臂，让自己不摔倒。
④The two children both made a grab for the same cake.
两个孩子都想抢同一块蛋糕。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Ford leapt to his feet and made a running grab _______ him.
②She grabbed _______ the balloon， but couldn't stop it blowing away.
③Then he grabbed the fruit _______ him and ran into the bush to eat it.
【学会表达】翻译
④他抓住我不松手。
_________________________________________
at/for
at/for
from
He grabbed hold of me and wouldn't let go.
5.justify vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由(教材P56)
·justified adj. (做某事)有正当理由的；事出有因的；合乎情理的
·justification n. 正当理由，合理解释
justify (doing) ... 为(做)……辩护；证明(做)……有道理
justify ... to sb 向某人证明……是对的；向某人解释……
be justified in doing sth 做某事是有正当理由的
in justification of ... 作为对……的解释；为……辩护
①How can they justify paying such huge salaries
他们怎么能证明付这么大笔薪金是正当的呢？
②You don't need to justify yourself to me.
你不必向我解释你的理由。
③I think you were quite justified in complaining.
我认为你的抱怨是相当有道理的。
④All I can say in justification of her actions is that she was under a lot of pressure at work.
我唯一能为她的行为辩解的理由是她工作压力很大。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We all have sound ___________ (justify) for what we do.
②I think he was quite _______ (justify) in refusing to help her.
③How can we justify ________ (spend) so much money on arms？
【学会表达】翻译
④Choice can no longer be used to justify a marketing strategy.
________________________________________
⑤我希望你能向我们证明自己是正确的。
_________________________________
justification
justified
spending
选择不能再被用来证明营销策略的合理性。
I hope you can justify yourself to us.
6.collapse vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒(教材P57)
collapse from ... 由于……而倒塌/昏倒
collapse under ... 被……所压塌
①One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed, she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.
一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她突然晕倒了，最终被发现是心脏病发作。
②The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.
屋顶被雪的重量压塌了。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The bridge collapsed _______ the strain of all the extra traffic.
②A policeman collapsed ______ the smoke in the burning house.
【学会表达】翻译
③地面还在摇晃，我能听到远处建筑物倒塌的声音。
____________________________________________________________________
_______________
under
from
The ground was still shaking, and I could hear the sound of buildings collapsing in the distance.
1.bleed vi. 流血；失血→bleeding n. 流血；失血→blood n. 血；血统
His finger cut by the knife was bleeding and he lost much blood.
他被刀割破的手指在流血，流了很多血。
2.interrupt vi.& vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断→interruption n. 中断；打扰
What bothered me was that I was often interrupted by my colleagues and the interruption had a great influence on me.
令我困扰的是，我经常被同事打断，这种打断对我影响很大。
3.practical adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的→impractical adj. 不切实际的；不明智的；不现实的
Children are mentally active and come up with some practical or impractical ideas.
孩子们思想活跃，他们提出了一些切实可行的或不切实际的想法。
4.tight adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；拮据的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→tightly adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地
“Hold on tight when we go around the corner and grip the rope as tightly as you can，” the coach yelled.
教练喊道：“我们转弯时要抓紧，尽可能紧紧地抓住绳子。”
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Just now， the sudden noise from the next room __________ (interrupt) my train of thinking.
②It makes a lot of sense， but it seems __________ (practical).
③The best way to treat such ________ (bleed) is to apply firm pressure.
④The horse was feeling frisky， and he had to hold the reins _______ (tight).
【学会表达】翻译
⑤从实用的角度来看，这不是一个宜居的地方。
__________________________________________________
⑥很抱歉打扰你，但我需要请你到楼下来。
__________________________________________________
interrupted
impractical
bleeding
tightly
From a practical point of view, it isn’t a good place to live.
Sorry to interrupt, but I need to ask you to come downstairs.
fellow
[熟义]n. 男人；家伙；同事
[生义]n. __________________ adj. __________________________________
同辈；同类；会员
同类的，同事的，同伴的；同情况的
①I cannot abide that fellow any more.
我再也没法容忍那个家伙了。
②Many caged birds live longer than their fellows in the wild.
许多笼养鸟类比野生鸟类的寿命长。
③He wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps.
他想激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同行，追随他的脚步。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①He stood out in terms of competence from all his fellows.__________
【学会表达】翻译
②While there is trouble and hate in the world， there is also generosity and love for our fellow man.
_______________________________________________________
colleagues
虽然世界上有麻烦和仇恨，但对我们的同胞也有慷慨和爱。
探究二 短语
1.help sb to one's feet 帮助某人站起身来(教材P56)
feet/foot 其他相关短语：
on one's feet 站着；复原；处于令人满意的(非身体的)状态
jump/get/rise to one's feet 某人跳起来/站起来
stand on one's own feet某人自立/独立
under one's feet 阻碍/妨碍某人(工作等)
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
tap/stamp one's feet 跺脚
①Somehow we managed to help her to her feet.
不管怎样，我们终于帮助她站了起来。
②The minister was on his feet at once to answer the charge.
部长立即起身答复那项指控。
③I don't want you kids under my feet while I'm cooking.
我做饭时，不希望你们这些孩子在这碍手碍脚。
④The man struggled to his feet and went on.
那个人挣扎着站起来，继续往前走。
【小小语义场】肢体类相关短语
wag one's finger at sb 用食指指着某人
spread one's hands 摊开双手
catch/grab one's arm 抓住某人的胳膊
keep sb at arm's length 同某人保持一定距离
drag one's heavy legs 拖着沉重的双腿
head for/towards 朝……走去
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There they found only one man still on his _____ (foot)， David.
②I am trying my hardest to stand ____ my own two feet.
【学会表达】翻译
③Allen was now quite conscious， so I helped him to his feet.
____________________________________________
④我拉着他的手挣扎着站起来。
____________________________________
feet
on
艾伦现在神志很清醒，所以我扶他站了起来。
I held his hand and struggled to my feet.
2.out of shape 健康状况不好；变形的，走样的(教材P58)
shape其他相关短语：
in good shape 处于良好的状态；身体健康；身材好
stay in shape 保持身体健康；保持好体形
in the shape of 以……的形状
take shape开始形成，成型
shape up改善状况，变得更好
①Some of her organs, bones and muscles were out of shape.
她的一些器官、骨头和肌肉都不健康。
②You may be inspired to exercise and stay in shape.
你可能会受到鼓舞，去锻炼并保持身体健康。
③A mini vase only millimeters in size starts to take shape as viewers watch on.
在观众的注视下，一个只有毫米大小的迷你花瓶开始成型。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Tim is ___ good shape physically even if he doesn't get much exercise.
②You had better shape ___ or I'll have to replace you with someone better.
【学会表达】翻译
③She opened it and pulled out a lovely toy in the shape of a star.
_____________________________________
④如果你身体不好，选择一条更容易的路线。
_______________________________________
in
up
她打开它，拿出一个星形的可爱玩具。
If you're out of shape, opt for an easier trail.
探究三 长难句分析
To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world.(教材P56)
为了解决这个问题，1974年美国医生亨利·海姆立克发明了“海姆立克急救法”，挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。
【分析】 句子主干为an American doctor created the Heimlich manoeuvre，是“主谓宾”结构。To solve this problem是动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示某一动作或状态的目的；in 1974为时间状语；Henry Heimlich是an American doctor的同位语；saving ... 是现在分词短语作结果状语。
动词不定式(短语)作目的状语：
置于句首，起强调作用，用逗号与句子隔开，常意为“为了……”；置于句尾，通常不用逗号隔开，常意为“以便……，目的是……”。
为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加in order 或 so as(不能放在句首)。
当不定式(短语)有自己的动作执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构(即前面加“for＋名词/代词”)。
①To order a vehicle, you have to pay a deposit.
要想订购一辆汽车，你必须交付押金。
②He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up to see them.
他把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。
③Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental protection.
曹和吴还在沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。
④You'd better find some food for the children to eat.
你最好给孩子们找些吃的。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She waited _____ him to get up， but he didn't move.
②_______ (help) us prepare for the exam， the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
③One should learn from past mistakes so as _______ (avoid) falling into the same old trap again.
【学会表达】翻译
④医生彻夜工作以拯救伤者的生命。
__________________________________________________________
for
To help
to avoid
Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man.
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一 高频词汇
(一)写出下列单词的英文
1．________ vi.& vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断
2．______ vi.& vt. (使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没
3．_____ vi.& vt. (使)惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌
4．______ vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
5．________ adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
interrupt
drown
panic
scream
desperate
6．______ vi.& vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽
7．____ vt. (用手掌)打、拍 n. (用手掌)打、拍；拍击声
8．____ vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺
9．________ vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒
10．_______ vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
choke
slap
grab
collapse
justify
(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1．When we visited his farm, he could only grab my hands, with tears in his eyes.
______
2．Manual machines at the former factory had been replaced by automated equipment. _________
3．Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, sells vegetables for a living.
______
4．He was absent from this match due to an ankle sprain.______
5．Money was always tight, but we had a roof over our heads.________
抓住
手控的
家伙
扭伤
拮据的
维度二 语境运用
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．It's not during _______ (fog) and snowy conditions that people think of increasing the chance of rainfall.
2．Decisions made ____ panic are almost always bad ones.
3．He had an operation to remove an _________ (obstruct) in his throat.
4．He was still conscious, trying to stem the ________ (bleed) with his right hand.
5．Weekends are my only chance to sleep ___, but I couldn't.
foggy
in
obstruction
bleeding
in
(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
choke， scream， collapse， slap， justify
1．If you smack someone in the face, what would they do ______
2．Because he was being so kind and concerned, I broke down and cried. _______
3．Guests panicked and made a very loud cry when the bomb exploded. ________
4．We'll always give an explanation for our actions with noble sounding theories.
_______
5．The coffee was almost too hot to swallow and made him get enough air into his lungs for a moment. _______
slap
collapsed
screamed
justify
choke
维度三 能力提升
(五)长难句分析
In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands was threatened by frequent flooding from the Minjiang River.
分析：句子主干是______________________，为“主谓”结构。In ancient times是介词短语作_________；in which ... 是“介词＋关系代词”引导的______从句，修饰限定the region；flooding作______；from the Minjiang River是介词短语作________。
The region was threatened
时间状语
定语
宾语
后置定语
(六)句型转换
1．As I don't know her address, I had better telephone her to come over.(现在分词短语作状语)
→______________________, I had better telephone her to come over.
2．Linda and I don't know how we can explain such an unexpected question. (疑问词＋不定式短语)
→Linda and I don't know _____________________________________．
Not knowing her address
how to explain such an unexpected question
维度四 素养提升
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．So will __________________ (健康状况不好) keep you from getting a job
2．He _______________________________ (帮助那个受伤的男孩站起来) by holding his arm.
3．All the time Stephen was lying ___________ (面朝下) and unconscious in the bathtub.
being out of shape
helped the wounded boy to his feet
face down
(八)翻译
1．有导游带我们参观景点，我们玩得很开心。
__________________________________________________________
2．看到儿子不吃早饭，他生气了。
____________________________________________
With a guide showing us around the scenic spots, we had a good time.
Seeing his son skipping breakfast, he became angry.
课后课时作业（一）
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 A B
难度 ★ ★★
阅读
A
In many regions of Ghana, it can take hours to get to the nearest hospital. As a result, many people lose their lives to treatable illnesses. Osei Boateng experienced this personally when he lost his grandmother and aunt. Feeling an urgent call to help, Boateng decided he would make it his life mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana.
Boateng started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation 2 years ago. He converted a van (厢式货车) into a mobile doctor's office and started bringing health care directly to those in need. A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distance to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care.
On each trip, Boateng's team consists of a nurse, a physician's assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It's like a one stop shop for people，” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.
Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4，000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don't have easily accessible medical care. Boateng has big plans for the future. He hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high quality mobile medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Boateng (博阿腾)创办了OKB Hope Foundation基金会，并说明了他通过移动诊所的形式拯救生命的原因以及该基金会产生的影响。
Boateng has gone all in on his OKB Hope Foundation, recently quitting his job to dedicate his time to bringing health care to his home country. But for him, the sacrifices are well worth the reward. “Words cannot describe the feeling that you get providing care for someone who otherwise wouldn't be alive if your mobile health van wasn't there.”
1．What do we know about Osei Boateng
A．He founded OKB Hope Foundation.
B．He lost his life to treatable illnesses.
C．He built hospitals to make great fortune.
D．He lost his grandmother in the hospital.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Boateng started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation 2 years ago.”可知，他创立了OKB Hope Foundation基金会。故选A。
2．What is special about the Hope Health Van
A．It has only a nurse and a doctor.
B．It's a free mobile medical team.
C．It's a mobile one stop grocery shop.
D．Patients travel long distances to it.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A few times a week ... provide free routine medical care.(移动诊所和医疗团队每周都会长途跋涉几次，前往加纳的偏远社区提供免费的常规医疗服务。)”可知，这是一支免费的移动医疗队。故选B。
3．Which of the following best describes the impact of OKB Hope Foundation
A．Temporary. B．Predictable.
C．Far reaching. D．Negative.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Since its launch ... easily accessible medical care.(Boateng说，‘希望健康车’自启动以来，已经为超过45个农村社区的4，000多名加纳人提供了服务，否则这些人就无法轻易获得医疗服务。)”可知，OKB Hope Foundation帮助了很多人，由此可推知，它影响深远。故选C。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Rescuing Ghana
B．Mobile Clinic Saves Lives
C．Be A Good Doctor
D．Changing Local Hospitals
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Boateng创办了OKB Hope Foundation基金会，并说明了他通过移动诊所的形式拯救生命的原因以及该基金会产生的影响，B项(移动诊所拯救生命)适合作为文章标题。故选B。
B
(新课标Ⅰ卷)“I am not crazy，” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国兽医William Farber (威廉·法伯)利用中西医结合的整体医学疗法治疗动物并取得了良好疗效的故事。
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well，” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job.”
5．What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him
A．He's odd. B．He's strict.
C．He's brave. D．He's rude.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods”可知，Farber的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的治疗方法，由此可推知，Farber的一些同事认为他很奇怪。故选A。
6．Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university.
B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient.
D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Farber尝试针灸治疗之后背痛得到了缓解，所以他认为针灸治疗似乎也可以应用到宠物身上，也就是说他自己作为病人从针灸治疗中获得了益处，所以决定把针灸应用到宠物身上。故选C。
7．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B．The complexity of veterinarians' work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases.
D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
解析：段落大意题。本段主要介绍了两只动物经过Farber的治疗后，病情有所好转。由此可知，本段主要介绍了Farber的整体医学疗法所取得的效果。故选D。
8．Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber's point.
B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians.
D．To advocate animal protection.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“he may be right: Since 1982 ... grown from 30 to over 700”可推知，作者提到该组织是为了证明Farber的观点是正确的。故选A。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see！”
“No，” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.”
读后续写
“You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go，” said Robert, and he ran off. Henry went straight home and in the afternoon went to school as usual.
But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn't want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored (忽视) the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Robert was fast sinking.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Thus, Robert's life was saved. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
1．Read for characters (人物)
________, Henry, the other boys
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
Robert thought Henry was a _______ because Henry didn't watch fight in the street with him, so they were no longer friends. Other boys also _________________ Henry.
5R解读故事
Robert
coward
looked down upon
3．Read for plot (情节)
friends
different
mocked
in danger
didn’t help
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
Robert was ________ about watching fight but Henry thought they should went home safe and sound. Robert was ______ and hung out with other boys from then on. Henry was ____ but he _______________ Robert and other boys' bad behaviour.
5．Read for theme (主题)
True courage is: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
excited
angry
sad
didn't care about
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
____________________________________________________________________________
4步确定框架
From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
By great effort, and with too much danger to himself, he brought Robert back to the shore.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
Robert was ______ and cried out for help. Henry ______________ about jumping into the water and tried his best to save Robert.
第二段：
Robert and the others were _________ at what they had done to Henry. Henry forgave them ________．
scared
wasn't hesitant
ashamed
happily
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
Hearing the screams, Henry ran quickly to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water ________________．
第二段：
They realized that Henry had ______________. And it was Henry who was the ____________ worth making. They said _______ to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his ____________.
without hesitation
true courage
true friend
sorry
forgiveness
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Robert (罗伯特)和Henry (亨利)是好朋友，两人在放学途中看到有人在打架，Robert怂恿Henry一同去看，但是Henry却认为这样做不安全，也劝Robert不要去。但是Robert却认为Henry是懦夫，并疏远了他。Robert和新朋友们在河里洗澡时突然溺水，新朋友们没有人救他。谁会来救他呢？被救后，Robert会做些什么，他会有什么感想呢？
[精彩范文]
Robert was fast sinking. It seemed as if Robert would be drowned only with his hands sticking out of the water. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran quickly to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking at the last moment. By great effort, and with too much danger to himself, he brought Robert back to the shore.
Thus, Robert's life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. And it was Henry who was the true friend worth making. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1.
2.
3.
课后课时作业（二）
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比70%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
I was a young newspaper reporter, and I wanted to succeed. My first job was in Latin America. It was almost my last job.
I had not planned to stay in the village of Zacate, but it had been raining hard for a whole day. So I had to stay there.
I found people there full of fear. This village was at the foot of a volcano. It was becoming more active. Men, women and children came to the square. A few helped each other and went out of town to get as far away from the volcano as possible, with large and full packs in their hands. Suddenly, I felt a strong earthquake. The villagers in the square ran away as soon as they felt the earthquake.
Suddenly, I saw black smoke rolling down the side of the mountain towards the village. Trees and grass burned up in a second. The volcano eruption was coming so fast that in less than a minute the roads to the village were cut off. All I could do was watch and wait. Suddenly, my landlord (房东) cried out, “Look！” He pointed to a small hill, which was near to us. The lava was not coming over it but flowing on each side of the village, leaving the village centre undamaged. For a time, at least, we were safe, unless the lava grew much bigger.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名报社记者，在拉丁美洲工作时处于火山喷发的危险中的经历。
My landlord gave me a wet blanket to cover myself to avoid the heat and we poured water over our heads to cool ourselves. We could hardly breathe because of the heat and the smoke of the burning houses. Thanks to my landlord, I survived the volcano.
1．The reporter stayed in Zacate because of ________．
A．his busy job B．bad weather
C．an accident D．an adventure
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，由于天气不好，记者留在了Zacate。故选B。
2．What made the villagers leave the town
A．The news report. B．The journalist.
C．The active volcano. D．Their strict landlord.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This village was ... with large and full packs in their hands.”可知，活火山使村民们离开了这个小镇。故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The lava. B．The thick smoke.
C．The village. D．The small hill.
解析：指代判断题。根据画线词前文“He pointed to a small hill, which was near to us.”可知，他指的是一座小山，由此可推知，画线词“it”指的是“小山”。故选D。
4．What can we learn from the text
A．The landlord is very experienced.
B．The small village was flooded.
C．The lava killed a lot of people.
D．The rescuers saved the reporter.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，房东给了作者一条湿毯子，让作者盖住自己，以免受热，并把水倒在头上降温。由此可推知，房东应对火山喷发很有经验。故选A。
Ⅱ 七选五
Last week when I was reading at home, my younger sister rushed in and told me an old man was lying on the ground in front of our building. I immediately took my first－aid kit and ran downstairs. He was suffering a slight heart attack. And I performed CPR on him. Luckily, an ambulance came soon and he was taken to hospital. Later that day I was told by the hospital what I did helped rescue the old man's life. I was happy to hear that. __1__ There were many people who wanted to help around the old man then. Yet no one performed first aid on him as they hadn't attended a first－aid course. __2__ Here are my reasons.
You can gain the knowledge, skills and confidence to act in an emergency. You never know when you might need them—maybe at home, at work, at school or on holiday. If you have the skills, you can act whenever you're needed.
__3__ For your family or your neighbors, having more people with first－aid skills helps build a stronger and more harmonious (和谐的) community.
You can stay safe at work. __4__ With first－aid knowledge you can create a safe work environment and help meet your workplace's safety requirements.
It's useful for your future career. The first－hand experience you gain through learning first－aid and using your skills could help you decide if you want to pursue (追求) a career in the healthy profession. __5__
A．But at the same time I felt a bit sad.
B．You can easily get a job in this profession.
C．You can be a helper in your community.
D．Illness and injury can happen anytime in the workplace.
E．You can take first－aid courses in your community for free.
F．It's necessary for everyone to learn some basic first－aid techniques.
G．It also shows your commitment to the career in the health profession.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者因为运用自己的急救知识挽救老人的生命而感到高兴，认为每个人都有必要学习一些基本的急救技巧，并给出了具体的理由。
1．答案：A
解析：前文“Later that day ... happy to hear that.”叙述自己因成功挽救老人的生命而高兴；后文“There were many people ... a first－aid course.”指出有很多人想帮助老人却因为不懂急救而没办法提供帮助，A项(但与此同时，我感到有点难过。)承前启后。故选A。
2．答案：F
解析：前文“There were many people ... a first－aid course.”指出有很多人想帮助老人却因不懂急救而无法提供帮助；后文“Here are my reasons.”指出要说明理由，F项(每个人都有必要学习一些基本的急救技巧。)承前启后。故选F。
3．答案：C
解析：设空处位于段首，是段落主旨句。根据后文内容可知，本段主要介绍学习基本的急救技巧对帮助社区的作用，C项(你可以成为社区的帮手。)概括本段内容。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：后文“With first－aid knowledge ... your workplace's safety requirements.”介绍掌握急救知识在工作场所中的作用，D项(疾病和伤害随时可能在工作场所发生。)引出后文，其中的workplace为原词复现。故选D。
5．答案：G
解析：前文“It's useful for your future career ... in the healthy profession. (这对你未来的职业生涯很有用。你通过学习急救和运用你的技能获得的第一手经验可以帮助你决定是否要追求健康行业的职业生涯。)”介绍掌握急救知识对职业生涯的作用，帮助决定是否从事健康行业，G项(这也表明了你对健康职业的热情。)符合语境，和前文是递进的关系。故选G。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
上周末你和朋友小敏去爬山，途中她不慎摔倒，左腿磕到一块锋利的石头上，被划出一道较深的伤口，你利用急救课上学到的知识，简单帮小敏处理了伤口。请你根据此次经历写一篇短文，给校英文网站“Safety”专栏投稿，内容包括：
1．发生事故的时间和地点；2．实施急救的具体过程；
3．掌握急救知识的必要性。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
Last weekend I was climbing Mount Wuyi with my friend Xiaomin when she fell over and cut her left leg open on a sharp block of stone.
The moment the accident happened, I applied first aid immediately. Firstly, I applied pressure to her left leg using a clean and dry towel for several minutes to stop the bleeding. When the wound stopped bleeding, I cleaned her wound with a bottle of water carefully. Lastly, I gently patted the area dry using a clean towel.
From the experience, we realize that more attention should be paid to first aid skills.
单元写作
单元写作——急救类故事
本单元的写作主题为急救类故事。关于此类文章的写作需要注意以下几点：
记叙文通常包含三部分：
开头：多为背景介绍，交代时间、地点、人物(when, where, who)等。
主体：故事情节(the plot)：事件发生的原因；当时的状况；解决的办法。
结尾：评价或总结事件，也可以用引语(quotation)作为结尾。如果主题为赞美好人好事，那么在结尾处要体现人物精神，并赞扬其精神；如果主题是强调急救知识的重要性，那么在结尾处可倡导读者学习急救知识。
________(时间), I went to ________ (活动) with ________ (人物). Unfortunately, ________ (事件发生的原因)．
I immediately ________ (急救活动一). Then I ________ (急救活动二). Just at that moment an ambulance arrived and took ________ (受伤的人) to the hospital.
Only then was I aware that ________ (描述感受)．
1．Last Sunday, I went to the park with Tony for a picnic.
上周日，我和托尼去公园野餐。
2．Unfortunately, Tony's left foot got badly injured，tripping over a step on our way to the park.
不幸的是，在我们去公园的路上，托尼被一个台阶绊倒了，左脚受了重伤。
3．One day Mike was studying in his room when he heard a scream from the kitchen.
有一天，迈克正在他的房间里学习，这时，他突然听到厨房传来一声尖叫。
※开头常用句式
1．Luckily, I'd just learned about first aid in our school.
幸运的是，我在学校刚学过急救知识。
2．So I dialed 120 immediately and performed first aid before the doctor came.
因此我立即拨打了120，在医生来之前进行了急救处理。
3．Then I rushed to a shop nearby and fetched bags of ice, and carefully applied the ice to the injury.
然后我跑到附近的一家商店拿来几个冰袋，并小心地把冰袋敷在伤口上。
※主体段落常用句式
4．About ten minutes later, the swelling seemed to have gone down a little.
大约十分钟后，肿胀似乎消退了一些。
5．And I covered the injury with a clean and dry bandage.
然后我用干净、干燥的绷带包扎了伤口。
6．I gave him CPR and got his heart beating before the paramedics arrived.
我为他进行了心肺复苏，在急救人员到达之前他的心脏又恢复了跳动。
1．Only then was I aware of what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid could make.
那时我才意识到基本的急救知识能起多大的作用。
2．By no means can I just stand by and do nothing in such a case.
在这种情况下，我决不能坐视不管。
3．Learning about first aid is practical.
学习急救知识是非常实用的。
※结尾常用句式
假定你是李华。昨天你在放学途中遇到一个年轻人在路边对一名晕倒的老人进行急救。请你给校英语报的好人好事专栏写一封信投稿，内容包括：
1．时间和地点；2．事情的经过；3．你的感想。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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[精彩范文]
Dear Editor，
Yesterday, I came across an emergency where a young man performed first aid on an old man on the roadside.
At about 6 pm, I was walking home with my classmate when we found there were many people crowding in front. Feeling curious, we walked forward only to find an old man lying on the ground. Just at that time, a young man rushed forward and began to give first aid to the old man. After a while, the old man recovered and opened his eyes. Seeing that, everyone else clapped their hands. Then an ambulance arrived and rushed the old man to the hospital. The doctors praised the young man for his quick and proper action.
I think he has set a good example to us. We should learn some first aid knowledge to help those who need it.
Yours，
Li Hua
