山东省潍坊市2025年中考英语真题试卷
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
1．Where are the two speakers
A．At home. B．At a hotel.
C．In a shop. D．In a restaurant.
2．What are Lucy and her mother talking about
A．Where to do a barbecue. B．How to hold a party.
C．Whom to invite for dinner. D．When to go to the cinema.
3．What does Lucy hope to do
A．Go to bed at 10:30.
B．Make a birthday cake.
C．See a movie with her parents.
D．Stay with her friends alone.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】其他语篇类型；日常活动；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：对话围绕 Lucy 即将到来的 16 岁生日，妈妈提议在家办派对，之后两人就派对期间父母是否在场、派对时间等安排进行交流 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需紧扣对话内容，通过关键语句判断场景、话题及人物意图，细节题定位相关表述，推理题结合语境合理推导。
1．细节理解题。根据对话中妈妈提到 "What about a party here at home " 以及后续围绕在家举办派对的交流，可知对话发生在家里，故答案为 A。
2．细节理解题。从对话内容看，妈妈提议为 Lucy 举办生日派对，之后两人讨论派对相关安排，比如父母是否在场、派对时间等，是在说如何举办派对，故答案为 B。
3．推理判断题。Lucy 得知父母会外出、派对时不在家，回应 "Mum, that's fantastic. Thank you." ，结合她担心父母在会有顾虑，能推断出她希望能和朋友们单独相处举办派对，故答案为 D。
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
Scientists from China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot "guide dog" to help blind people. The robot dog is about the size of an English bulldog but a little wider. It has six legs instead of four. The extra legs make it more stable and help it move faster.
The robot is being tested in Shanghai. With the help of cameras and AI, the robot dog can see, listen and speak with blind people. It can help them during daily trips outside and be a "friend" at home. Blind people can also use a cane (手杖) to control the robot's walking and running speed. The robot can even recognize the traffic lights—real guide dogs are unable to do that.
Li Fei and Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot. Li is totally blind and Zhu can only see a little. Zhu often uses a cane to move around. "The robot dog will make it easier to get into public places than with real guide dogs. I am happy to join in the test. It could change our lives in the near future," Li said.
In China, there are about 17. 31 million blind people, but there are only about 400 guide dogs. The new robot is trying to solve this problem. "We believe our robot will act as ‘a pair of eyes' for blind people," said Professor Gao Peng, one of the scientists. He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs.
4．Why do scientists develop the robot dog
A．To help blind people.
B．To improve AI technology.
C．To beat the British bulldog.
D．To create a six-legged machine.
5．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How the robot dog works.
B．Where the robot dog can go.
C．What the robot dog can do.
D．When the robot dog comes out.
6．How does Li Fei help develop the robot dog
A．He designs it.
B．He helps test it.
C．He brings it into public places.
D．He controls it with a cane.
7．What is Professor Gao Peng's opinion about the robot dog
A．It can treat blindness.
B．It costs a lot of money.
C．It has taken the place of real guide dogs.
D．It will have a large number of customers.
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．B
7．D
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；观点态度；段落大意；科学技术
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了中国上海交通大学的科学家研发机器导盲犬帮助盲人，阐述其特点、功能，还提及测试情况以及科学家对其市场前景的看法 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时要根据不同题型，从文中准确提取关键信息，段落大意题需概括段落主要内容，观点态度题要把握人物对事物的看法。
4．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "Scientists from China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot "guide dog" to help blind people." 可知，科学家研发机器导盲犬是为了帮助盲人，故答案为 A。
5．段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了机器导盲犬借助摄像头和人工智能，能看、听、和盲人交流，可在日常外出时帮忙，在家当 "朋友"，盲人能用手杖控制其速度，还能识别交通信号灯等它能做的事，故答案为 C。
6．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "Li Fei and Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot." 可知，Li Fei 通过帮忙测试来助力机器导盲犬的研发，故答案为 B。
7．观点态度题。根据文中语句 "He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs." 可知，Gao Peng 教授认为机器导盲犬会有很多用户，也就是会有大量客户，故答案为 D。
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
During the 2021 Shanghai Fashion Week, a young, slim and confident model with an iron leg drew everyone's attention. Her name was Niu Yu. She lost her right leg in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. She was only 11 years old then.
Niu Yu used to be in the school sports team. She loved running. But the disaster broke her dream. She had to live with an artificial leg. It wasn't comfortable, and her leg often bled. People's curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried to hide her leg under jeans or dresses.
With the support of her family and friends, Niu Yu slowly came out from the shadows. In 2018, right before her 21st birthday, she decided not to hide her leg any longer. To her surprise, she received lots of encouraging words. She also finished a half marathon in about 4 hours. She completed the hard 10-year journey of finding herself again.
Now Niu Yu puts her experiences on social media (媒体). She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them to look forward. In 2023, she carried the torch (火炬) at the FISU World University Games. "It is a great honour for me," she said. "But it is also a good chance to show people the power of being brave. "
A disaster can bring wounds and pain. But we should always face them with courage. As the writer Nora Ephron once said, "Above all, be the hero of your life, not the victim (受害者). "
8．Why did Niu Yu try to hide her leg
A．It often bled.
B．It was uncomfortable.
C．She wanted to be a model.
D．She tried to avoid the strange eyes.
9．What's Niu Yu's purpose of putting her experiences on social media
A．To become a famous star.
B．To get support from others.
C．To cheer up people in trouble.
D．To win the hearts of more fans.
10．Which is the right order of the facts about Niu Yu according to time
① She performed in Shanghai Fashion Week.
② She lost her right leg.
③ She finished a half marathon.
④ She carried the torch at the FISU World University Games.
A．②①④③ B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．③②④①
11．What can we learn from Niu Yu
A．Face difficulties bravely.
B．Life can't go without heroes.
C．Protect yourself before disasters.
D．Friendship is necessary to everyone.
【答案】8．D
9．C
10．B
11．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了牛钰在汶川地震中失去右腿后，在家人和朋友的支持下勇敢面对生活，完成半程马拉松、参加时装周走秀、传递大运火炬，并鼓励其他灾难幸存者的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需结合文章内容，从细节中提取关键信息，时间排序题要理清事件发生的先后顺序，推理判断题要从人物事迹中提炼精神内涵。
8．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "People's curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried to hide her leg under jeans or dresses." 可知，牛钰试图隐藏她的腿是为了避开人们好奇的目光，故答案为 D。
9．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "Now Niu Yu puts her experiences on social media. She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them to look forward." 可知，牛钰在社交媒体上分享自己的经历是为了鼓励那些处于困境中的人，故答案为 C。
10．细节理解题。根据文中信息，2008 年汶川地震中牛钰失去右腿（②）；2018 年她完成半程马拉松（③）；2021 年她在上海时装周走秀（①）；2023 年她在世界大学生运动会上传递火炬（④），因此正确顺序是②③①④，故答案为 B。
11．推理判断题。根据文中语句 "But it is also a good chance to show people the power of being brave." 以及全文对牛钰在遭遇灾难后勇敢面对生活的描述可知，我们能从她身上学到要勇敢面对困难，故答案为 A。
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
Parrots are known for being able to copy some of the sounds that people make. They might say "hello" or "how are you ", if they often hear those words and phrases. Some are even able to learn the names for objects and identify (识别) them. And a 4-year-old parrot in the US has been recognized by Guinness World Records after correctly identifying 12 objects in 3 minutes.
That record-breaking bird is an African grey parrot named Apollo, who lives in Florida. He can identify things like books, bugs and socks. He has become popular on TikTok, where he has about 3 million followers. And a TikTok video of Apollo asking questions in 2023 has been watched 66 million times.
The parrot is owned by a couple named Dalton and Victoria Mason. They're video creators and they've been working hard to train the bird. The owners say they teach Apollo as if he were a child of preschool age. "We teach him as much as we can," the couple told Guinness, adding that they focus on (聚焦) things that Apollo is interested in.
Researchers have found that some African grey parrots are able to do better at some cognitive (认知的) tasks than 5-year-old children. And Apollo's owners plan to keep teaching the bird to see how much he can learn and how many more records he can break.
12．The parrot was recognized by Guinness because he could ____.
A．say hello to visitors
B．give names to things around
C．repeat the words people speak
D．identify 12 things in 3 minutes
13．What can Apollo do according to paragraph 2
A．Eat harmful bugs. B．Put on socks.
C．Communicate with people. D．Sing for his followers.
14．What do we know about the couple's method of training Apollo
A．They play videos for him.
B．They teach him like a teenager,
C．They make him do difficult actions.
D．They pay attention to what he prefers.
15．Which might be the best title for the text
A．TikTok: popular with birds
B．The couple: No. 1 bird trainers
C．Apollo: the record-breaking parrot
D．Guinness: an organization for special animals
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．D
15．C
【知识点】其他题材；记叙文；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国一只名叫 Apollo 的非洲灰鹦鹉，它因在 3 分钟内正确识别 12 个物品被吉尼斯世界纪录认可，还讲述了它的其他能力、受欢迎程度以及主人的训练方式等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需根据不同题型从文中提取关键信息，标题题要抓住文章的核心人物和事件来确定。
12．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "And a 4-year-old parrot in the US has been recognized by Guinness World Records after correctly identifying 12 objects in 3 minutes." 可知，这只鹦鹉被吉尼斯认可，是因为它能在 3 分钟内识别 12 个物品，故答案为 D。
13．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "He can identify things like books, bugs and socks. He has become popular on TikTok... And a TikTok video of Apollo asking questions in 2023 has been watched 66 million times." 可知，Apollo 会问问题，能和人交流，故答案为 C。
14．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "The owners say they teach Apollo as if he were a child of preschool age. "We teach him as much as we can," the couple told Guinness, adding that they focus on things that Apollo is interested in." 可知，这对夫妇训练 Apollo 时，会关注它感兴趣的东西，故答案为 D。
15．标题选择题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了名为 Apollo 的非洲灰鹦鹉，它因在 3 分钟内正确识别 12 个物品被吉尼斯世界纪录认可，还提及了它的其他能力和训练情况，因此 "阿波罗：破纪录的鹦鹉" 最适合作为标题，故答案为 C。
（2025·潍坊） 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating. 16． Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. Here are three things you should know about them.
17．
Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. During the pre-Qin period, chopsticks were called "Jia", and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called "Zhu". Because "Zhu" shares the same pronunciation with "stop" in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them "Kuai", meaning "fast" in Chinese. 18．
Who invented chopsticks
19． One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical (神秘的) bird. It is also said that Yu the Great, who founded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks to pick hot food in order to save time to control floods, so chopsticks came into being.
How should we behave when using chopsticks
When eating with the elders, Chinese people usually let the elders take up chopsticks before anyone else. 20． It's also bad to tap (敲) chopsticks on the edge of your bowl, because in ancient China beggars (乞丐) often did it to attract attention.
A. How were chopsticks invented B. When were chopsticks invented C. This is the origin of today's name of Chinese chopsticks. D. Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. E. They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. F. There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it.
【答案】16．E；17．B；18．C；19．F；20．D
【知识点】说明文；推理判断；非物质文化遗产（技艺传承）
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了筷子这一中国饮食文化的象征，包括其起源传播、名称演变、发明者的民间传说以及使用时的礼仪规范。
A. How were chopsticks invented 筷子是如何发明的？
B. When were chopsticks invented 筷子是什么时候发明的？
C. This is the origin of today's name of Chinese chopsticks. 这就是今天中国筷子名称的由来。
D. Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. 此外，玩弄筷子被认为是不礼貌的。
E. They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. 它们最初在中国使用，后来被引入其他国家。
F. There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it. 没有确切的历史记载，但有很多关于它的民间故事。
【点评】考查阅读还原题。解题时需结合筷子的相关知识，根据其历史、名称、发明者及使用礼仪等内容选择合适选项，关注各部分之间的逻辑衔接和内容对应。
16．根据文中语句 "Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating." 以及 "Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture." 可知，选项 E 中的语句 "They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries." 与此相符，该部分介绍筷子的起源和传播，故答案为 E。
17．根据文中语句 "Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty." 可知，选项 B 中的语句 "When were chopsticks invented " 与此相符，该部分引出筷子发明的时间，故答案为 B。
18．根据文中语句 "Because 'Zhu' shares the same pronunciation with'stop' in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them 'Kuai', meaning 'fast' in Chinese." 可知，选项 C 中的语句 "This is the origin of today's name of Chinese chopsticks." 与此相符，该部分说明筷子名称的由来，故答案为 C。
19．根据文中语句 "One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical bird. It is also said that Yu the Great..." 可知，选项 F 中的语句 "There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it." 与此相符，该部分说明关于筷子发明者没有确切记载但有很多民间传说，故答案为 F。
20．根据文中语句 "It's also bad to tap chopsticks on the edge of your bowl..." 可知，选项 D 中的语句 "Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite." 与此相符，该部分说明使用筷子时的不礼貌行为，故答案为 D。
（2025·潍坊） 完形填空
In the past, most people worked on their feet and moved their bodies all day, so they had lots of exercise. They also mostly ate 21． foods like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat. Today, many people 22． in front of a computer all day at work and often eat a lot of sweet foods, or foods that are made in factories. This can be a big 23． to their health.
The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. 24． many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. Not exercising, or eating unhealthy food, can sometimes cause 25． dangerous disease—diabetes (糖尿病). When someone has diabetes, there is too much 26． in their blood. In the last twenty years, more and more people have died 27． diabetes—and almost 10% of the world's population now has this disease.
Many people are also 28． new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones. When people stay for too long in front of a computer, they can 29． get problems with their eyes, arms, necks, and backs. And when they use computers and cell phones at night, it is often more difficult for them to 30． . Some scientists also think that cell phones may cause health problems because of a kind of energy which they produce called radiation (辐射).
21．A． fast B． natural C． delicious D． expensive
22．A． sit B． lie C． play D． stand
23．A． risk B． ache C． accident D． disadvantage
24．A． So B． Or C． As D． But
25．A． one B． other C． another D． the other
26．A． water B． sugar C． salt D． waste
27．A． in B． on C． of D． for
28．A． crazy about B． worried about
C． excited at D． disappointed at
29．A． hardly B． nearly C． clearly D． easily
30．A． sleep B． wake C． breathe D． escape
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．A；24．D；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．B；29．D；30．A
【知识点】说明文；生活方式
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文对比了过去和现在人们的生活方式，讲述了不良生活方式及电脑、手机带来的健康问题，如心脏病、糖尿病等。
【点评】考查完形填空。解题时要结合上下文语境和常识，理解词汇含义及固定搭配，根据逻辑关系选择合适选项。
21．句意：过去，大多数人整天都在走动，活动身体，所以他们有很多锻炼。他们也主要吃像水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉这样的天然食物。fast，快速的，形容词；natural，天然的，形容词；delicious，美味的，形容词；expensive，昂贵的，形容词。根据文中 "like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat"（像水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉）可知，这些都是天然食物，故答案为 B。
22．句意：如今，许多人在工作中整天坐在电脑前，经常吃很多甜食，或者工厂制作的食物。sit，坐，动词；lie，躺，动词；play，玩，动词；stand，站，动词。根据文中 "in front of a computer all day at work"（在工作中整天在电脑前）可知，是坐在电脑前，故答案为 A。
23．句意：这对他们的健康来说可能是一个大风险。risk，风险，名词；ache，疼痛，名词；accident，事故，名词；disadvantage，缺点，名词。根据后文提到的心脏病、糖尿病等健康问题可知，这种生活方式对健康有风险，故答案为 A。
24．句意：当今世界上导致大多数死亡的疾病 —— 每十人中有三人 —— 是心脏病。但其中许多死亡本不必发生，是因为人们锻炼不足或饮食不够健康造成的。So，所以，连词；Or，或者，连词；As，由于，连词；But，但是，连词。根据文中 "the disease that causes most deaths... is heart disease" 与 "many of these deaths need not happen" 之间的转折关系可知，用 but，故答案为 D。
25．句意：不锻炼或吃不健康的食物，有时会导致另一种危险的疾病 —— 糖尿病。one，一个，数词；other，其他的，形容词；another，另一个，代词；the other，（两者中的）另一个，代词。根据前文提到的心脏病，此处指另一种疾病，故答案为 C。
26．句意：当有人患糖尿病时，他们的血液中有太多糖分。water，水，名词；sugar，糖，名词；salt，盐，名词；waste，垃圾，名词。根据常识可知，糖尿病与血液中糖分过多有关，故答案为 B。
27．句意：在过去的二十年里，越来越多的人死于糖尿病 —— 现在世界上几乎 10% 的人口患有这种疾病。in，在…… 里，介词；on，在…… 上，介词；of，…… 的，介词；for，为了，介词。根据文中 "died"（死亡）可知，"die of" 表示 "死于（疾病等）"，故答案为 C。
28．句意：许多人也担心由电脑和手机引起的新的健康问题。crazy about，痴迷于，短语；worried about，担心，短语；excited at，对…… 感到兴奋，短语；disappointed at，对…… 感到失望，短语。根据文中 "new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones"（由电脑和手机引起的新的健康问题）可知，人们会担心这些问题，故答案为 B。
29．句意：当人们在电脑前停留太久，他们的眼睛、手臂、脖子和背部很容易出现问题。hardly，几乎不，副词；nearly，几乎，副词；clearly，清晰地，副词；easily，容易地，副词。根据文中 "stay for too long in front of a computer"（在电脑前停留太久）可知，这样容易出现身体问题，故答案为 D。
30．句意：当他们晚上使用电脑和手机时，他们往往更难入睡。sleep，睡觉，动词；wake，醒来，动词；breathe，呼吸，动词；escape，逃跑，动词。根据文中 "when they use computers and cell phones at night"（当他们晚上使用电脑和手机时）可知，这会影响睡眠，故答案为 A。
（2025·潍坊） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。
"Where's Papa going with that axe (斧子) " said Fern to her mother while they 31． (set) the table for breakfast.
"Out to the pig house," replied Mrs. Arable. "Some pigs were born last night. "
"I don't see why an axe 32． (need)," continued Fern. "Well," said her mother, "one of the pigs is too small and weak 33． (live). So your father has decided to do away with it. "
"You mean kill it " Fern shouted. "Just because it's 34． (small) than the others "
Fern ran outdoors 35． (quick). She caught up with her father. "Please don't kill it!" she cried. "It's unfair!"
Mr. Arable stopped 36． (walk). "Fern," he said gently, "you will have to learn to control yourself. "
"Control 37． (I) " yelled Fern. "This is a matter of life and death. " She took hold of the axe. "Fern," said Mr. Arable, "I know more about raising pigs. A weakling usually makes trouble. "
"But the pig couldn't help being born small, could it " cried Fern. "If I had been very small at birth, would you have killed me "
Mr. Arable smiled. "But this is different. . . " "I see no 38． (different)," replied Fern. "This is the worst case I 39． (hear) of since I was born!"
"All right," he said. "I will let you feed it with a bottle, as 40． (baby) are fed. Then you will see what trouble a pig can be. "
When Mr. Arable returned to the house, he carried a box under his arm. Fern opened the box. There, inside, looking up at her, was the newborn pig.
【答案】31．were setting；32．is needed；33．to live；34．smaller；35．quickly；36．walking；37．myself；38．difference；39．have heard；40．babies
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了芬阻止父亲杀掉弱小的小猪，并说服父亲让自己喂养这头小猪的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空。解题需结合语境，运用动词时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、比较级、副词、反身代词、词性转换等语法知识分析。
31．句意：芬和妈妈在摆早餐桌时，芬问妈妈："爸爸拿斧子去干什么？"set，中文含义为 "摆放"，动词。根据文中语句 "while they...the table for breakfast" 可知，"while" 引导的时间状语从句常用进行时，结合上下文时态，此处应用过去进行时，主语为复数，故答案为 were setting。
32．句意：我不明白为什么需要斧子。need，中文含义为 "需要"，动词。根据文中语句 "I don't see why an axe..." 可知，"axe" 与 "need" 是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，故答案为 is needed。
33．句意：其中一头猪太小太弱，活不下去了。live，中文含义为 "活"，动词。根据文中语句 "one of the pigs is too small and weak..." 可知，"too...to..." 是固定句型，意为 "太…… 而不能……"，故答案为 to live。
34．句意：就因为它比别的小？small，中文含义为 "小的"，形容词。根据文中语句 "than the others" 可知，此处应用比较级，故答案为 smaller。
35．句意：芬飞快地跑到户外。quick，中文含义为 "快的"，形容词。根据文中语句 "Fern ran outdoors..." 可知，此处需用副词修饰动词 "ran"，故答案为 quickly。
36．句意：阿拉布尔先生停下了脚步。walk，中文含义为 "走"，动词。根据文中语句 "Mr. Arable stopped..." 可知，"stop doing sth." 是固定搭配，意为 "停止做某事"，故答案为 walking。
37．句意：控制我自己？I，中文含义为 "我"，人称代词主格。根据文中语句 "Control..." 可知，此处表示 "我自己"，应用反身代词，故答案为 myself。
38．句意：我看不出有什么不同。different，中文含义为 "不同的"，形容词。根据文中语句 "I see no..." 可知，"no" 后接名词，故答案为 difference。
39．句意：这是我出生以来听到的最糟糕的情况！hear，中文含义为 "听到"，动词。根据文中语句 "since I was born" 可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为 I，故答案为 have heard。
40．句意：我会让你用奶瓶喂它，就像喂婴儿一样。baby，中文含义为 "婴儿"，名词。根据文中语句 "as...are fed" 可知，"are" 提示此处应用复数形式，故答案为 babies。
（2025·潍坊） 阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。
A well-known 75-year Harvard study shows that children who do chores can become more independent and successful when they grow up. In fact, chores are very important to children's future development, as they bring many benefits (益处).
When children do chores, they can get a sense of achievement because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores. Especially when their parents say thanks for their help and tell them they've made the day easier, they will know they are useful and able to help their families. This experience can also encourage children to be more active outside of the family.
What's more, they will learn that it is everyone's duty (责任) to take part in the household chores. It helps to stop them from growing up spoiled (惯坏的). Life doesn't simply offer everything on a plate. It takes much effort to turn what we want into reality.
Besides, they will learn how to manage their time through chores. Doing chores from a young age helps children to get used to them. Children learn to include them in their day with all other activities such as studies and play. Time management is a useful skill, too. When they grow up, they need to balance different parts of their life like work and family.
Chores also teach important life skills. Chores are usually related to household tasks-washing dishes, sweeping the floor, making the bed, etc. These are all life skills that children need to develop. The only way to learn is by doing.
Chores aren't just about keeping the house clean. They are life lessons.
41．Why can children get a sense of achievement by doing chores (12词以内)
42．What does the underlined word it in paragraph 3 refer to (8词以内)
43．Please translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 into Chinese.
44．根据短文内容，完成下面的结构图，每空两词。
【答案】41．Because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores.
42．take part in the household chores.
43．学习的唯一方法就是实践。
44．many benefits；Time management；life lessons
【知识点】议论文；行为习惯；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：结合哈佛大学的研究，阐述了做家务对孩子未来发展的重要性，包括能带来成就感、让孩子明白做家务是责任、学会管理时间以及掌握重要生活技能等。
【点评】考查阅读表达。解题时需结合上下文理解词句含义，根据问题定位相关信息，按要求提炼答案，翻译时注意准确传达原意。
41．根据文中语句 "When children do chores, they can get a sense of achievement because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores." 可知，孩子们通过做家务能获得成就感是因为他们完成后能很快看到结果，故答案为 Because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores.
42．根据文中语句 "What's more, they will learn that it is everyone's duty to take part in the household chores." 可知，此处 "it" 指代的是参与家务劳动，故答案为 take part in the household chores.
43．文中第五段划线句子 "The only way to learn is by doing." 翻译时需准确把握 "the only way"（唯一方法）、"by doing"（通过实践）等短语，故答案为学习的唯一方法就是实践。
44．根据文中语句 "In fact, chores are very important to children's future development, as they bring many benefits." 可知，家务能带来很多益处，第 (1) 空答案为 many benefits。根据文中语句 "Besides, they will learn how to manage their time through chores." 可知，家务能让孩子学会时间管理，第 (2) 空答案为 Time management。根据文中语句 "Chores aren't just about keeping the house clean. They are life lessons." 可知，家务是人生课程，第 (3) 空答案为 life lessons。故答案为many benefits；Time management；life lessons。
45．（2025·潍坊） 书面表达
Teens Around the World是一个国际青少年交流网站，近日有人发了一个关于"家务劳动"的帖子。假设你是李华，请阅读原帖后，结合自己的生活经历和体会，用英语跟帖。
注意：
1. 80词左右；
2. 不要出现考生本人信息；
3. 禁止抄袭本试卷中所有语篇内容。
Teens Around the WorldSubject: Chores
Hey, guys! We often do chores at home. Is there anything special you still remember When did it happen What did you do And how did you feel Please share with us one of your stories of doing chores. Looking forward to your replies.
Alice, Canada
Li Hua, China
【答案】Hi Alice! I still remember the first time I cooked dinner for my family. It happened last year when my mom was sick. I decided to make fried rice—something simple but meaningful. Though I was nervous, I followed her instructions carefully. When my parents tasted it, they smiled and praised me. I felt proud and realized how much effort goes into daily chores.
Now, I help more often and appreciate my parents' hard work. Doing chores isn't just a duty; it's a way to show love!
Li Hua, China
【知识点】应用文写作；应用文；行为习惯
【解析】【分析】这是一篇国际青少年交流网站的跟帖类英文书面表达，需以李华身份回应关于 "家务劳动" 的帖子。写作要点包含原帖提及的要素（特别的家务记忆、时间、所做之事、感受）。写作时，紧扣原帖问题，先点明记得的一次特别家务经历，说明时间（如上周六），接着描述具体做的事（如帮妈妈打扫客厅、洗碗），再阐述感受（如劳累但开心，体会到妈妈的辛苦），结合自身经历让内容真实可感。时态以一般过去时为主，用于叙述过去的家务经历。语言要自然流畅，契合网络交流的口语化风格，通过具体细节（如打扫的过程、内心的想法）让故事生动，突出做家务的体会与收获，符合分享个人经历的需求，展现真实的生活感受。
【点评】这篇给爱丽丝的信围绕第一次为家人做饭的经历展开，内容真挚动人，结构清晰，从回忆事件的起因、经过到感受，再到如今的改变与感悟，逻辑连贯，符合书信的私密交流风格，语言朴实自然，充满生活气息，能让读者感受到其中的温情与成长。亮点短语贴切形象，"fried rice—something simple but meaningful" 点明所做食物及意义，"followed her instructions" 描述操作过程，"felt proud""realized how much effort" 体现内心变化，"appreciate my parents' hard work" 表达感悟，贴合语境。高分句型运用得当，"Though I was nervous, I followed her instructions carefully" 用让步状语从句展现当时的状态，真实生动；"Doing chores isn't just a duty; it's a way to show love!" 以并列句升华主题，点明家务的深层意义；整体通过具体的个人经历，传递出对父母的理解与爱，让信件既有故事性又富情感温度。
1 / 1山东省潍坊市2025年中考英语真题试卷
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
1．Where are the two speakers
A．At home. B．At a hotel.
C．In a shop. D．In a restaurant.
2．What are Lucy and her mother talking about
A．Where to do a barbecue. B．How to hold a party.
C．Whom to invite for dinner. D．When to go to the cinema.
3．What does Lucy hope to do
A．Go to bed at 10:30.
B．Make a birthday cake.
C．See a movie with her parents.
D．Stay with her friends alone.
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
Scientists from China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot "guide dog" to help blind people. The robot dog is about the size of an English bulldog but a little wider. It has six legs instead of four. The extra legs make it more stable and help it move faster.
The robot is being tested in Shanghai. With the help of cameras and AI, the robot dog can see, listen and speak with blind people. It can help them during daily trips outside and be a "friend" at home. Blind people can also use a cane (手杖) to control the robot's walking and running speed. The robot can even recognize the traffic lights—real guide dogs are unable to do that.
Li Fei and Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot. Li is totally blind and Zhu can only see a little. Zhu often uses a cane to move around. "The robot dog will make it easier to get into public places than with real guide dogs. I am happy to join in the test. It could change our lives in the near future," Li said.
In China, there are about 17. 31 million blind people, but there are only about 400 guide dogs. The new robot is trying to solve this problem. "We believe our robot will act as ‘a pair of eyes' for blind people," said Professor Gao Peng, one of the scientists. He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs.
4．Why do scientists develop the robot dog
A．To help blind people.
B．To improve AI technology.
C．To beat the British bulldog.
D．To create a six-legged machine.
5．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How the robot dog works.
B．Where the robot dog can go.
C．What the robot dog can do.
D．When the robot dog comes out.
6．How does Li Fei help develop the robot dog
A．He designs it.
B．He helps test it.
C．He brings it into public places.
D．He controls it with a cane.
7．What is Professor Gao Peng's opinion about the robot dog
A．It can treat blindness.
B．It costs a lot of money.
C．It has taken the place of real guide dogs.
D．It will have a large number of customers.
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
During the 2021 Shanghai Fashion Week, a young, slim and confident model with an iron leg drew everyone's attention. Her name was Niu Yu. She lost her right leg in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. She was only 11 years old then.
Niu Yu used to be in the school sports team. She loved running. But the disaster broke her dream. She had to live with an artificial leg. It wasn't comfortable, and her leg often bled. People's curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried to hide her leg under jeans or dresses.
With the support of her family and friends, Niu Yu slowly came out from the shadows. In 2018, right before her 21st birthday, she decided not to hide her leg any longer. To her surprise, she received lots of encouraging words. She also finished a half marathon in about 4 hours. She completed the hard 10-year journey of finding herself again.
Now Niu Yu puts her experiences on social media (媒体). She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them to look forward. In 2023, she carried the torch (火炬) at the FISU World University Games. "It is a great honour for me," she said. "But it is also a good chance to show people the power of being brave. "
A disaster can bring wounds and pain. But we should always face them with courage. As the writer Nora Ephron once said, "Above all, be the hero of your life, not the victim (受害者). "
8．Why did Niu Yu try to hide her leg
A．It often bled.
B．It was uncomfortable.
C．She wanted to be a model.
D．She tried to avoid the strange eyes.
9．What's Niu Yu's purpose of putting her experiences on social media
A．To become a famous star.
B．To get support from others.
C．To cheer up people in trouble.
D．To win the hearts of more fans.
10．Which is the right order of the facts about Niu Yu according to time
① She performed in Shanghai Fashion Week.
② She lost her right leg.
③ She finished a half marathon.
④ She carried the torch at the FISU World University Games.
A．②①④③ B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．③②④①
11．What can we learn from Niu Yu
A．Face difficulties bravely.
B．Life can't go without heroes.
C．Protect yourself before disasters.
D．Friendship is necessary to everyone.
（2025·潍坊） 阅读理解
Parrots are known for being able to copy some of the sounds that people make. They might say "hello" or "how are you ", if they often hear those words and phrases. Some are even able to learn the names for objects and identify (识别) them. And a 4-year-old parrot in the US has been recognized by Guinness World Records after correctly identifying 12 objects in 3 minutes.
That record-breaking bird is an African grey parrot named Apollo, who lives in Florida. He can identify things like books, bugs and socks. He has become popular on TikTok, where he has about 3 million followers. And a TikTok video of Apollo asking questions in 2023 has been watched 66 million times.
The parrot is owned by a couple named Dalton and Victoria Mason. They're video creators and they've been working hard to train the bird. The owners say they teach Apollo as if he were a child of preschool age. "We teach him as much as we can," the couple told Guinness, adding that they focus on (聚焦) things that Apollo is interested in.
Researchers have found that some African grey parrots are able to do better at some cognitive (认知的) tasks than 5-year-old children. And Apollo's owners plan to keep teaching the bird to see how much he can learn and how many more records he can break.
12．The parrot was recognized by Guinness because he could ____.
A．say hello to visitors
B．give names to things around
C．repeat the words people speak
D．identify 12 things in 3 minutes
13．What can Apollo do according to paragraph 2
A．Eat harmful bugs. B．Put on socks.
C．Communicate with people. D．Sing for his followers.
14．What do we know about the couple's method of training Apollo
A．They play videos for him.
B．They teach him like a teenager,
C．They make him do difficult actions.
D．They pay attention to what he prefers.
15．Which might be the best title for the text
A．TikTok: popular with birds
B．The couple: No. 1 bird trainers
C．Apollo: the record-breaking parrot
D．Guinness: an organization for special animals
（2025·潍坊） 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating. 16． Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. Here are three things you should know about them.
17．
Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. During the pre-Qin period, chopsticks were called "Jia", and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called "Zhu". Because "Zhu" shares the same pronunciation with "stop" in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them "Kuai", meaning "fast" in Chinese. 18．
Who invented chopsticks
19． One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical (神秘的) bird. It is also said that Yu the Great, who founded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks to pick hot food in order to save time to control floods, so chopsticks came into being.
How should we behave when using chopsticks
When eating with the elders, Chinese people usually let the elders take up chopsticks before anyone else. 20． It's also bad to tap (敲) chopsticks on the edge of your bowl, because in ancient China beggars (乞丐) often did it to attract attention.
A. How were chopsticks invented B. When were chopsticks invented C. This is the origin of today's name of Chinese chopsticks. D. Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. E. They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. F. There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it.
（2025·潍坊） 完形填空
In the past, most people worked on their feet and moved their bodies all day, so they had lots of exercise. They also mostly ate 21． foods like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat. Today, many people 22． in front of a computer all day at work and often eat a lot of sweet foods, or foods that are made in factories. This can be a big 23． to their health.
The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. 24． many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. Not exercising, or eating unhealthy food, can sometimes cause 25． dangerous disease—diabetes (糖尿病). When someone has diabetes, there is too much 26． in their blood. In the last twenty years, more and more people have died 27． diabetes—and almost 10% of the world's population now has this disease.
Many people are also 28． new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones. When people stay for too long in front of a computer, they can 29． get problems with their eyes, arms, necks, and backs. And when they use computers and cell phones at night, it is often more difficult for them to 30． . Some scientists also think that cell phones may cause health problems because of a kind of energy which they produce called radiation (辐射).
21．A． fast B． natural C． delicious D． expensive
22．A． sit B． lie C． play D． stand
23．A． risk B． ache C． accident D． disadvantage
24．A． So B． Or C． As D． But
25．A． one B． other C． another D． the other
26．A． water B． sugar C． salt D． waste
27．A． in B． on C． of D． for
28．A． crazy about B． worried about
C． excited at D． disappointed at
29．A． hardly B． nearly C． clearly D． easily
30．A． sleep B． wake C． breathe D． escape
（2025·潍坊） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。
"Where's Papa going with that axe (斧子) " said Fern to her mother while they 31． (set) the table for breakfast.
"Out to the pig house," replied Mrs. Arable. "Some pigs were born last night. "
"I don't see why an axe 32． (need)," continued Fern. "Well," said her mother, "one of the pigs is too small and weak 33． (live). So your father has decided to do away with it. "
"You mean kill it " Fern shouted. "Just because it's 34． (small) than the others "
Fern ran outdoors 35． (quick). She caught up with her father. "Please don't kill it!" she cried. "It's unfair!"
Mr. Arable stopped 36． (walk). "Fern," he said gently, "you will have to learn to control yourself. "
"Control 37． (I) " yelled Fern. "This is a matter of life and death. " She took hold of the axe. "Fern," said Mr. Arable, "I know more about raising pigs. A weakling usually makes trouble. "
"But the pig couldn't help being born small, could it " cried Fern. "If I had been very small at birth, would you have killed me "
Mr. Arable smiled. "But this is different. . . " "I see no 38． (different)," replied Fern. "This is the worst case I 39． (hear) of since I was born!"
"All right," he said. "I will let you feed it with a bottle, as 40． (baby) are fed. Then you will see what trouble a pig can be. "
When Mr. Arable returned to the house, he carried a box under his arm. Fern opened the box. There, inside, looking up at her, was the newborn pig.
（2025·潍坊） 阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。
A well-known 75-year Harvard study shows that children who do chores can become more independent and successful when they grow up. In fact, chores are very important to children's future development, as they bring many benefits (益处).
When children do chores, they can get a sense of achievement because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores. Especially when their parents say thanks for their help and tell them they've made the day easier, they will know they are useful and able to help their families. This experience can also encourage children to be more active outside of the family.
What's more, they will learn that it is everyone's duty (责任) to take part in the household chores. It helps to stop them from growing up spoiled (惯坏的). Life doesn't simply offer everything on a plate. It takes much effort to turn what we want into reality.
Besides, they will learn how to manage their time through chores. Doing chores from a young age helps children to get used to them. Children learn to include them in their day with all other activities such as studies and play. Time management is a useful skill, too. When they grow up, they need to balance different parts of their life like work and family.
Chores also teach important life skills. Chores are usually related to household tasks-washing dishes, sweeping the floor, making the bed, etc. These are all life skills that children need to develop. The only way to learn is by doing.
Chores aren't just about keeping the house clean. They are life lessons.
41．Why can children get a sense of achievement by doing chores (12词以内)
42．What does the underlined word it in paragraph 3 refer to (8词以内)
43．Please translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 into Chinese.
44．根据短文内容，完成下面的结构图，每空两词。
45．（2025·潍坊） 书面表达
Teens Around the World是一个国际青少年交流网站，近日有人发了一个关于"家务劳动"的帖子。假设你是李华，请阅读原帖后，结合自己的生活经历和体会，用英语跟帖。
注意：
1. 80词左右；
2. 不要出现考生本人信息；
3. 禁止抄袭本试卷中所有语篇内容。
Teens Around the WorldSubject: Chores
Hey, guys! We often do chores at home. Is there anything special you still remember When did it happen What did you do And how did you feel Please share with us one of your stories of doing chores. Looking forward to your replies.
Alice, Canada
Li Hua, China
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】其他语篇类型；日常活动；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：对话围绕 Lucy 即将到来的 16 岁生日，妈妈提议在家办派对，之后两人就派对期间父母是否在场、派对时间等安排进行交流 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需紧扣对话内容，通过关键语句判断场景、话题及人物意图，细节题定位相关表述，推理题结合语境合理推导。
1．细节理解题。根据对话中妈妈提到 "What about a party here at home " 以及后续围绕在家举办派对的交流，可知对话发生在家里，故答案为 A。
2．细节理解题。从对话内容看，妈妈提议为 Lucy 举办生日派对，之后两人讨论派对相关安排，比如父母是否在场、派对时间等，是在说如何举办派对，故答案为 B。
3．推理判断题。Lucy 得知父母会外出、派对时不在家，回应 "Mum, that's fantastic. Thank you." ，结合她担心父母在会有顾虑，能推断出她希望能和朋友们单独相处举办派对，故答案为 D。
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．B
7．D
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；观点态度；段落大意；科学技术
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了中国上海交通大学的科学家研发机器导盲犬帮助盲人，阐述其特点、功能，还提及测试情况以及科学家对其市场前景的看法 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时要根据不同题型，从文中准确提取关键信息，段落大意题需概括段落主要内容，观点态度题要把握人物对事物的看法。
4．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "Scientists from China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot "guide dog" to help blind people." 可知，科学家研发机器导盲犬是为了帮助盲人，故答案为 A。
5．段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了机器导盲犬借助摄像头和人工智能，能看、听、和盲人交流，可在日常外出时帮忙，在家当 "朋友"，盲人能用手杖控制其速度，还能识别交通信号灯等它能做的事，故答案为 C。
6．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "Li Fei and Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot." 可知，Li Fei 通过帮忙测试来助力机器导盲犬的研发，故答案为 B。
7．观点态度题。根据文中语句 "He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs." 可知，Gao Peng 教授认为机器导盲犬会有很多用户，也就是会有大量客户，故答案为 D。
【答案】8．D
9．C
10．B
11．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了牛钰在汶川地震中失去右腿后，在家人和朋友的支持下勇敢面对生活，完成半程马拉松、参加时装周走秀、传递大运火炬，并鼓励其他灾难幸存者的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需结合文章内容，从细节中提取关键信息，时间排序题要理清事件发生的先后顺序，推理判断题要从人物事迹中提炼精神内涵。
8．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "People's curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried to hide her leg under jeans or dresses." 可知，牛钰试图隐藏她的腿是为了避开人们好奇的目光，故答案为 D。
9．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "Now Niu Yu puts her experiences on social media. She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them to look forward." 可知，牛钰在社交媒体上分享自己的经历是为了鼓励那些处于困境中的人，故答案为 C。
10．细节理解题。根据文中信息，2008 年汶川地震中牛钰失去右腿（②）；2018 年她完成半程马拉松（③）；2021 年她在上海时装周走秀（①）；2023 年她在世界大学生运动会上传递火炬（④），因此正确顺序是②③①④，故答案为 B。
11．推理判断题。根据文中语句 "But it is also a good chance to show people the power of being brave." 以及全文对牛钰在遭遇灾难后勇敢面对生活的描述可知，我们能从她身上学到要勇敢面对困难，故答案为 A。
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．D
15．C
【知识点】其他题材；记叙文；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国一只名叫 Apollo 的非洲灰鹦鹉，它因在 3 分钟内正确识别 12 个物品被吉尼斯世界纪录认可，还讲述了它的其他能力、受欢迎程度以及主人的训练方式等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需根据不同题型从文中提取关键信息，标题题要抓住文章的核心人物和事件来确定。
12．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "And a 4-year-old parrot in the US has been recognized by Guinness World Records after correctly identifying 12 objects in 3 minutes." 可知，这只鹦鹉被吉尼斯认可，是因为它能在 3 分钟内识别 12 个物品，故答案为 D。
13．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "He can identify things like books, bugs and socks. He has become popular on TikTok... And a TikTok video of Apollo asking questions in 2023 has been watched 66 million times." 可知，Apollo 会问问题，能和人交流，故答案为 C。
14．细节理解题。根据文中语句 "The owners say they teach Apollo as if he were a child of preschool age. "We teach him as much as we can," the couple told Guinness, adding that they focus on things that Apollo is interested in." 可知，这对夫妇训练 Apollo 时，会关注它感兴趣的东西，故答案为 D。
15．标题选择题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了名为 Apollo 的非洲灰鹦鹉，它因在 3 分钟内正确识别 12 个物品被吉尼斯世界纪录认可，还提及了它的其他能力和训练情况，因此 "阿波罗：破纪录的鹦鹉" 最适合作为标题，故答案为 C。
【答案】16．E；17．B；18．C；19．F；20．D
【知识点】说明文；推理判断；非物质文化遗产（技艺传承）
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了筷子这一中国饮食文化的象征，包括其起源传播、名称演变、发明者的民间传说以及使用时的礼仪规范。
A. How were chopsticks invented 筷子是如何发明的？
B. When were chopsticks invented 筷子是什么时候发明的？
C. This is the origin of today's name of Chinese chopsticks. 这就是今天中国筷子名称的由来。
D. Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. 此外，玩弄筷子被认为是不礼貌的。
E. They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. 它们最初在中国使用，后来被引入其他国家。
F. There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it. 没有确切的历史记载，但有很多关于它的民间故事。
【点评】考查阅读还原题。解题时需结合筷子的相关知识，根据其历史、名称、发明者及使用礼仪等内容选择合适选项，关注各部分之间的逻辑衔接和内容对应。
16．根据文中语句 "Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating." 以及 "Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture." 可知，选项 E 中的语句 "They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries." 与此相符，该部分介绍筷子的起源和传播，故答案为 E。
17．根据文中语句 "Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty." 可知，选项 B 中的语句 "When were chopsticks invented " 与此相符，该部分引出筷子发明的时间，故答案为 B。
18．根据文中语句 "Because 'Zhu' shares the same pronunciation with'stop' in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them 'Kuai', meaning 'fast' in Chinese." 可知，选项 C 中的语句 "This is the origin of today's name of Chinese chopsticks." 与此相符，该部分说明筷子名称的由来，故答案为 C。
19．根据文中语句 "One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical bird. It is also said that Yu the Great..." 可知，选项 F 中的语句 "There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it." 与此相符，该部分说明关于筷子发明者没有确切记载但有很多民间传说，故答案为 F。
20．根据文中语句 "It's also bad to tap chopsticks on the edge of your bowl..." 可知，选项 D 中的语句 "Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite." 与此相符，该部分说明使用筷子时的不礼貌行为，故答案为 D。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．A；24．D；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．B；29．D；30．A
【知识点】说明文；生活方式
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文对比了过去和现在人们的生活方式，讲述了不良生活方式及电脑、手机带来的健康问题，如心脏病、糖尿病等。
【点评】考查完形填空。解题时要结合上下文语境和常识，理解词汇含义及固定搭配，根据逻辑关系选择合适选项。
21．句意：过去，大多数人整天都在走动，活动身体，所以他们有很多锻炼。他们也主要吃像水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉这样的天然食物。fast，快速的，形容词；natural，天然的，形容词；delicious，美味的，形容词；expensive，昂贵的，形容词。根据文中 "like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat"（像水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉）可知，这些都是天然食物，故答案为 B。
22．句意：如今，许多人在工作中整天坐在电脑前，经常吃很多甜食，或者工厂制作的食物。sit，坐，动词；lie，躺，动词；play，玩，动词；stand，站，动词。根据文中 "in front of a computer all day at work"（在工作中整天在电脑前）可知，是坐在电脑前，故答案为 A。
23．句意：这对他们的健康来说可能是一个大风险。risk，风险，名词；ache，疼痛，名词；accident，事故，名词；disadvantage，缺点，名词。根据后文提到的心脏病、糖尿病等健康问题可知，这种生活方式对健康有风险，故答案为 A。
24．句意：当今世界上导致大多数死亡的疾病 —— 每十人中有三人 —— 是心脏病。但其中许多死亡本不必发生，是因为人们锻炼不足或饮食不够健康造成的。So，所以，连词；Or，或者，连词；As，由于，连词；But，但是，连词。根据文中 "the disease that causes most deaths... is heart disease" 与 "many of these deaths need not happen" 之间的转折关系可知，用 but，故答案为 D。
25．句意：不锻炼或吃不健康的食物，有时会导致另一种危险的疾病 —— 糖尿病。one，一个，数词；other，其他的，形容词；another，另一个，代词；the other，（两者中的）另一个，代词。根据前文提到的心脏病，此处指另一种疾病，故答案为 C。
26．句意：当有人患糖尿病时，他们的血液中有太多糖分。water，水，名词；sugar，糖，名词；salt，盐，名词；waste，垃圾，名词。根据常识可知，糖尿病与血液中糖分过多有关，故答案为 B。
27．句意：在过去的二十年里，越来越多的人死于糖尿病 —— 现在世界上几乎 10% 的人口患有这种疾病。in，在…… 里，介词；on，在…… 上，介词；of，…… 的，介词；for，为了，介词。根据文中 "died"（死亡）可知，"die of" 表示 "死于（疾病等）"，故答案为 C。
28．句意：许多人也担心由电脑和手机引起的新的健康问题。crazy about，痴迷于，短语；worried about，担心，短语；excited at，对…… 感到兴奋，短语；disappointed at，对…… 感到失望，短语。根据文中 "new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones"（由电脑和手机引起的新的健康问题）可知，人们会担心这些问题，故答案为 B。
29．句意：当人们在电脑前停留太久，他们的眼睛、手臂、脖子和背部很容易出现问题。hardly，几乎不，副词；nearly，几乎，副词；clearly，清晰地，副词；easily，容易地，副词。根据文中 "stay for too long in front of a computer"（在电脑前停留太久）可知，这样容易出现身体问题，故答案为 D。
30．句意：当他们晚上使用电脑和手机时，他们往往更难入睡。sleep，睡觉，动词；wake，醒来，动词；breathe，呼吸，动词；escape，逃跑，动词。根据文中 "when they use computers and cell phones at night"（当他们晚上使用电脑和手机时）可知，这会影响睡眠，故答案为 A。
【答案】31．were setting；32．is needed；33．to live；34．smaller；35．quickly；36．walking；37．myself；38．difference；39．have heard；40．babies
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了芬阻止父亲杀掉弱小的小猪，并说服父亲让自己喂养这头小猪的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空。解题需结合语境，运用动词时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、比较级、副词、反身代词、词性转换等语法知识分析。
31．句意：芬和妈妈在摆早餐桌时，芬问妈妈："爸爸拿斧子去干什么？"set，中文含义为 "摆放"，动词。根据文中语句 "while they...the table for breakfast" 可知，"while" 引导的时间状语从句常用进行时，结合上下文时态，此处应用过去进行时，主语为复数，故答案为 were setting。
32．句意：我不明白为什么需要斧子。need，中文含义为 "需要"，动词。根据文中语句 "I don't see why an axe..." 可知，"axe" 与 "need" 是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，故答案为 is needed。
33．句意：其中一头猪太小太弱，活不下去了。live，中文含义为 "活"，动词。根据文中语句 "one of the pigs is too small and weak..." 可知，"too...to..." 是固定句型，意为 "太…… 而不能……"，故答案为 to live。
34．句意：就因为它比别的小？small，中文含义为 "小的"，形容词。根据文中语句 "than the others" 可知，此处应用比较级，故答案为 smaller。
35．句意：芬飞快地跑到户外。quick，中文含义为 "快的"，形容词。根据文中语句 "Fern ran outdoors..." 可知，此处需用副词修饰动词 "ran"，故答案为 quickly。
36．句意：阿拉布尔先生停下了脚步。walk，中文含义为 "走"，动词。根据文中语句 "Mr. Arable stopped..." 可知，"stop doing sth." 是固定搭配，意为 "停止做某事"，故答案为 walking。
37．句意：控制我自己？I，中文含义为 "我"，人称代词主格。根据文中语句 "Control..." 可知，此处表示 "我自己"，应用反身代词，故答案为 myself。
38．句意：我看不出有什么不同。different，中文含义为 "不同的"，形容词。根据文中语句 "I see no..." 可知，"no" 后接名词，故答案为 difference。
39．句意：这是我出生以来听到的最糟糕的情况！hear，中文含义为 "听到"，动词。根据文中语句 "since I was born" 可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为 I，故答案为 have heard。
40．句意：我会让你用奶瓶喂它，就像喂婴儿一样。baby，中文含义为 "婴儿"，名词。根据文中语句 "as...are fed" 可知，"are" 提示此处应用复数形式，故答案为 babies。
【答案】41．Because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores.
42．take part in the household chores.
43．学习的唯一方法就是实践。
44．many benefits；Time management；life lessons
【知识点】议论文；行为习惯；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：结合哈佛大学的研究，阐述了做家务对孩子未来发展的重要性，包括能带来成就感、让孩子明白做家务是责任、学会管理时间以及掌握重要生活技能等。
【点评】考查阅读表达。解题时需结合上下文理解词句含义，根据问题定位相关信息，按要求提炼答案，翻译时注意准确传达原意。
41．根据文中语句 "When children do chores, they can get a sense of achievement because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores." 可知，孩子们通过做家务能获得成就感是因为他们完成后能很快看到结果，故答案为 Because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores.
42．根据文中语句 "What's more, they will learn that it is everyone's duty to take part in the household chores." 可知，此处 "it" 指代的是参与家务劳动，故答案为 take part in the household chores.
43．文中第五段划线句子 "The only way to learn is by doing." 翻译时需准确把握 "the only way"（唯一方法）、"by doing"（通过实践）等短语，故答案为学习的唯一方法就是实践。
44．根据文中语句 "In fact, chores are very important to children's future development, as they bring many benefits." 可知，家务能带来很多益处，第 (1) 空答案为 many benefits。根据文中语句 "Besides, they will learn how to manage their time through chores." 可知，家务能让孩子学会时间管理，第 (2) 空答案为 Time management。根据文中语句 "Chores aren't just about keeping the house clean. They are life lessons." 可知，家务是人生课程，第 (3) 空答案为 life lessons。故答案为many benefits；Time management；life lessons。
45．【答案】Hi Alice! I still remember the first time I cooked dinner for my family. It happened last year when my mom was sick. I decided to make fried rice—something simple but meaningful. Though I was nervous, I followed her instructions carefully. When my parents tasted it, they smiled and praised me. I felt proud and realized how much effort goes into daily chores.
Now, I help more often and appreciate my parents' hard work. Doing chores isn't just a duty; it's a way to show love!
Li Hua, China
【知识点】应用文写作；应用文；行为习惯
【解析】【分析】这是一篇国际青少年交流网站的跟帖类英文书面表达，需以李华身份回应关于 "家务劳动" 的帖子。写作要点包含原帖提及的要素（特别的家务记忆、时间、所做之事、感受）。写作时，紧扣原帖问题，先点明记得的一次特别家务经历，说明时间（如上周六），接着描述具体做的事（如帮妈妈打扫客厅、洗碗），再阐述感受（如劳累但开心，体会到妈妈的辛苦），结合自身经历让内容真实可感。时态以一般过去时为主，用于叙述过去的家务经历。语言要自然流畅，契合网络交流的口语化风格，通过具体细节（如打扫的过程、内心的想法）让故事生动，突出做家务的体会与收获，符合分享个人经历的需求，展现真实的生活感受。
【点评】这篇给爱丽丝的信围绕第一次为家人做饭的经历展开，内容真挚动人，结构清晰，从回忆事件的起因、经过到感受，再到如今的改变与感悟，逻辑连贯，符合书信的私密交流风格，语言朴实自然，充满生活气息，能让读者感受到其中的温情与成长。亮点短语贴切形象，"fried rice—something simple but meaningful" 点明所做食物及意义，"followed her instructions" 描述操作过程，"felt proud""realized how much effort" 体现内心变化，"appreciate my parents' hard work" 表达感悟，贴合语境。高分句型运用得当，"Though I was nervous, I followed her instructions carefully" 用让步状语从句展现当时的状态，真实生动；"Doing chores isn't just a duty; it's a way to show love!" 以并列句升华主题，点明家务的深层意义；整体通过具体的个人经历，传递出对父母的理解与爱，让信件既有故事性又富情感温度。
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