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2025年人教新目标版九年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 6 When was it invented?
核心语法:含有情态动词的被动语态
一、 核心结构:两步走
构成含有情态动词的被动语态非常简单,只需两个步骤:
写出情态动词(can, could, may, might, must, should, need, have to等)。
在情态动词后面加上 “be + 及物动词的过去分词”。
公式: 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (PP)
例句对比:
主动语态 被动语态 中文
We can solve the problem. The problem can be solved. 这个问题能被解决。
You must finish your homework. Your homework must be finished. 你的作业必须被完成。
Students should obey the rules. The rules should be obeyed. 规则应该被遵守。
They may plant trees here. Trees may be planted here. 树可以被种在这里。
二、 各种情态动词的被动语态应用
1. can / could (表示能力或可能性)
The rubbish can be classified into different groups. (垃圾可以被分类成不同的组别。)
This word could be used in a different way 100 years ago. (100年前,这个词可能被用作不同的意思。)
2. may / might (表示许可或推测)
The book may be kept for two weeks. (这本书可以被借两周。)
The work might be completed tomorrow. (这项工作可能明天被完成。)
3. must / have to (表示义务或必要性)
The environment must be protected by all of us. (环境必须被我们所有人保护。)
These dishes have to be washed after dinner. (这些盘子必须在饭后被清洗。)
4. should / ought to (表示建议或责任)
Old people should be helped by young people. (老人应该得到年轻人的帮助。)
More trees ought to be planted on the mountains. (山上应该被种更多的树。)
5. need (表示需要)
肯定句: Your room needs to be cleaned. (你的房间需要被打扫。)
否定句: The problem needn't be discussed now. (= doesn't need to be) (这个问题现在不必被讨论。)
三、 句式变换(肯定、否定、疑问)
1. 肯定句: 主语 + 情态动词 + be + PP...
The task must be finished on time. (任务必须按时被完成。)
2. 否定句: 在情态动词后加 not
主语 + 情态动词 + not + be + PP...
The task must not be finished today. (任务今天不必须被完成。/ 今天不必完成任务。)
The window can't be broken from outside. (窗户不可能从外面被打破。)
3. 一般疑问句: 将情态动词提到句首
情态动词 + 主语 + be + PP...
Must the task be finished today (任务今天必须被完成吗?)
Can this problem be solved in another way (这个问题能被用另一种方式解决吗?)
4. 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + be + PP...
When must the task be finished (任务必须在什么时候被完成?)
How can water be turned into ice (水怎样能被变成冰?)
四、 重点与易错点提醒
1、“be” 的固定性: 无论主语是单数还是复数,情态动词后面的 be 永远保持原形,不能变为 am, is, are, was, were。
(√)The apple can be eaten.
(√)The apples can be eaten.
(×)The apples can are eaten.
2、及物动词是关键: 只有及物动词才有被动语态,因为只有及物动词才能接宾语(即被动语态的主语)。
(√)English can be spoken here. (speak是及物动词)
(×)An accident can be happened. (happen是不及物动词,无被动语态)
3、by 短语的省略: 和一般被动语态一样,如果动作的执行者不言自明或不重要,by 短语通常省略。
Rules should be obeyed. (规则应该被遵守。)- 省略了 by everyone.
4、情态动词的含义: 被动语态本身不改变情态动词的含义。must 还是表示“必须”,can 还是表示“能够”或“可能”。
1.The clothes in the wardrobe(衣柜). Don't put them on the bed.
A.should put B.should be put
C.should be putted D.should putted
2.It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to get to school. We think a bridge_______over the river.
A.was built B.should be built
C.has been built D.is being built
3.The sick girl _______ to the hospital at once.
A.must send B.must is sent C.must be sent D.be sent
4. My father is too tired. Something ____ to keep him relaxed.
A.should do B.should be done C.must do
5.— I want to borrow the book, but I don't know how long it may ______________.
— For two weeks.
A.keep B.be borrowed C.borrow D.be kept
6.—It's difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.
—I think a bridge over the river.
A.built B.was built
C.has been built D.should be built
7.—Food safety is very important to us.
—I think so. More rules about it ______ in the future.
A.have made B.should make C.were made D.should be made
8.—Safety is the most important in our daily life.
—Of course. Everyone __________ the everyday safety instructions.
A.be taught B.should teach
C.should be taught D.should be teaching
9.In order to make Dandong more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year.
A.will plant B.should plant
C.should be planted D.must plant
10.Today a lot of information can online.
A.receive B.be received C.is received
11.The guide said that much attention must ______ these places of interest.
A.pay B.be paid C.be paid to
12.Waste paper shouldn't _______everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean.
A.be thrown B.throw C.is thrown D.are thrown
13.Children should to be honest from a young age.
A.educate B.be educated C.punish D.be punished
14.The environment in our hometown is getting worse and worse. So many trees .
A.are planting B.should be planted C.should plant
15.Our classroom must __________ every afternoon.
A.clean B.cleans C.cleaned D.be cleaned
16.—How often do you feed your pet dog
—It _______ food every four hours.
A.must be given B.must give C.must be gave
17.I think teenagers should ______ to choose the clothes they like.
A.be allowed B.allow C.be allow D.allowed
18.These books _______ to the library on time.
A.should are returned B.should be returned
C.should returned D.should return
19.Teens should to help their parents at home.
A.be encourage B.be encouraged C.encouraged D.are encouraged
20.I think teenagers should ________ to make their own decisions.
A.allowed B.allows C.be allowed D.allow
21.—If we take a shower instead of a bath, more water .
—I agree with you.
A.has saved B.can save C.will save D.can be saved
22.I don't think sixteen-year-olds should _____to go to an Internet cafe.
A.allow B.be allowed C.allowed D.be allowing
23.— The final exam is coming, Tom. Don't watch TV for too long.
— I'm not a child any more. I _____________ what to do.
A.should always be told B.should always tell
C.shouldn't always be told D.shouldn't always tell
24. I want to borrow the book but I don't know how long it may ____.
A.keep B.borrow C.be borrowed D.be kept
25. — What 's the meaning of these old photos
— They remind us that the history should never ____ .
A.is forgotten B.forgot C.be forgotten
26.Because of the support from all over the country, beautiful new buildings here and there in the earthquake-hit areas in Sichuan.
A.can see B.can be seen C.can't be seen
27.Attention, please! All the mobile phones ________ before the meeting starts.
A.may turn off B.must turn off C.must be turned off
28. Raise your voice when you give a speech. You ____ by all the people in this hall.
A.heard B.were heard C.should be heard
29. If both drivers and pedestrians (行人) are careful enough, many accidents can .
A.protect B.be protected C.prevent D.be prevented
30.Don't put off today's work for tomorrow. I mean , today's work _____today.
A.may do B.must do C.may be done D.must be done
31.—When should I hand in my paper
—Your paper must as soon as the bell .
A.hand in; rings B.hand in; will ring C.be handed in; rings
32.-- Some parts of China are very thirsty now. I think water to those places.
-- I think so.
A.must send B.must be sent C.be sent
33.Homework _____ on time.
A.should done B.should do C.should be done
34.The meeting _______ put off because of the heavy rain.
A.must B.must to C.must be D.must being
35.The lawyer ______ by a few reporters when he appears in the hall this afternoon.
A.will be interviewed B.has been interviewed
C.is interviewed D.was interviewed
36.They should practice their hobbies.
A.allowed to B.be allowed to C.are allowed D.are allowed to
37. —Food safety is very important to us.
—I think so. More rules about it ____ in the future.
A.should be made B.were made C.have made
38.—How often do I need to feed the dog
—It food everyday,or it will be hungry.
A.must give B.must be give C.must be given D.must be gave
39.—We __________ be allowed __________ computer games for the homework hasn't been done.
—I suppose so. You know how strict our parents are!
A.must; playing B.might; to play C.can't; to play
40.If a child is under 6years old, he ____________to visit the zoo for free.
A.can allow B.can't allow
C.can be allowed D.can't be allowed
41.Lily will have an operation and she will ______ good care ______ by her mother.
A.take; of B.be taken; of C.take; / D.be taken; /
42.—Hanfu lovers ____ walking down the street in many cities.
—Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture.
A.can be found B.can find
C.must be found D.must find
43.Danny lost his bike, but he believes it _______.
A.can find B.found C.can be found
44.Waste paper must be good use.
A.put B.put to C.to put D.puts
45.The young mothers are told little kids can't ___________ alone at home.
A.leave B.to leave C.left D.be left
46.You'd better put the books here. They, with the dictionary, ____________ back where they were.
A.should put B.could put C.can be put D.must be put
47.— What's the meaning of the activity "Let's Save"
— Paper shouldn't in everyday life.
A.waste B.wasted C.be wasted
48.There are a lot of places which ______ by visitors here. They are the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City and so on.
A.must not miss B.shouldn't miss
C.shouldn't be missed D.can't miss
49.一 It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to school.
一 I think a bridge _______________ over the river.
A.was built B.is being built
C.should be built D.been built
50.—How often do I need to feed the dog
—It _______ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A.must give B.must be give C.must be given D.must be gave
参考答案及试题解析
1.B
【解析】选项C和D中put单词形式错误,故排除。A.should put应该放;B.should be put应该被放。主语为the clothes衣服,要用被动语态,故选B。
【点评】此题考查含有情态动词的被动语态,平时应多归纳总结各种时态,语态和句式的结构及用法。
2.B
【解析】句意:对农村孩子来说过河去上学是困难的。我们认为桥应该造起来。桥是被造的,应用被动语态。根据题意,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态的用法。
3.C
【解析】句意: 生病的女孩必须立刻被送到医院。主语girl和谓语send是被动关系,must是情态动词,故谓语动词是must be done的形式,故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态,注意must be done的用法。
4.B
【解析】句意:我爸爸太累了。应该做点什么让他放松。should do,应该做,主动语态;should be done,应该被做,含有情态动词的被动语态;must do,必须做,主动语态。something与do之间是被动关系,用含有情态动词的被动语态,其结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词,do的过去分词done,故选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。根据主语与动词之间的关系,确定动词的语态。
5.D
【解析】句意:——我想借这本书,但是我不知道它能被借多久。——两个周。keep,动词,占有,拥有,保管,是延续性动词,可以与段时间连用;borrow,动词,借,是非延续性动词,不与段时间连用。how long,多久,多长时间,其谓语动词需用延续性动词,因此用keep的相应形式。“ it may...”的主语是it,指代the book,与keep之间是动宾关系,因此it做主语,句子用被动语态,may,情态动词,可以,因此“it may...”需用含有情态动词的被动语态,即may be kept,故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态。识记情态动词的被动语态的用法。
6.D
【解析】句意:——对于村子里的孩子来说,过河上学很难。——我认为应该在河上修一座桥。含有情态动词should的被动语态结构:should+be+过去分词。故选D。
【点评】本题考查含情态动词的被动语态,注意掌握含有情态动词should的被动语态结构:should+be+过去分词的应用。
7.D
【解析】句意:——食品安全对我们非常重要。——我这样认为。今后应该制定更多的规则。A.已经制定,现在完成时;B.应该制定;C.被制定,一般过去时的被动语态;D.应该被制定,含有情态动词的被动语态。rules是动作make的承受者,所以用被动语态,结构是be+动词过去分词,排除A、B,in the future表明时态是一般将来时,排除C,故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态,首先根据主语和谓语关系确定语态,然后根据in the future确定时态。
8.C
【解析】句意:——安全是我们日常生活中最重要的。 ——当然。每个人都应该学习日常安全指南。分析句子结构,主语everyone和动词teach是动宾关系,用被动语态;should应该,含情态动词should的被动语态的结构为“should be done”,teach的过去分词是taught。故选C。
【点评】考查动词的被动语态,注意含情态动词的被动语态的用法。
9.C
【解析】句意:为了使丹东更漂亮,应该每年种植更多的树木和花。A.主动语态的将来;B.有情态动词的主动语态;C.有情态动词的被动语态;D.必须种植。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系所以用被动结构,合有情态动词的被动结构是情态动词+be done。故选C。
10.B
【解析】句意:现今很多信息可以在线接收。信息是被接收,故用被动语态。而且句中含有情态动词can,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。
11.C
【解析】句意:导游说必须对这些名胜给予足够的重视。pay,动词,花费,固定搭配,pay attention to sth.,重视某事,当attention 位于主语的位置上,句子用被动语态,含有情态动词的被动语态为情态动词+be paid to 结构,故选C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意pay attention to变被动时不要忘记介词to。
12.A
【解析】句意:废纸不应该被扔得到处是。保持我们城市干净是我们的职责。throw扔,实义动词,主语paper是动作throw的承受者,shouldn't是情态动词,所以用含有情态动词的被动语态,结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词,throw的过去分词是thrown,故选A。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,注意平时识记其结构情态动词+be+动词过去分词。
13.B
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:应该从小教育孩子们做老实人。Children是educate的承受者,该用被动语态。所以选B。
14.B
【解析】句意:我们家乡的环境越来越差了。所以许多树应当被种植。树trees和种植plant的关系是被动,所以应该用被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态的结构式是should+be+动词过去分词。故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。
15.D
【解析】句意:我们的教室每天下午必须打扫。主语classroom是被打扫的对象,其谓语动词应用被动语态,因为含有情态动词,故整个句子为含有情态动词的被动语态。故答案为D。
【点评】考查被动语态。
16.A
【解析】句意:——你通常多久喂一次你的宠物狗?——它肯定是每四个小时被喂一次。must be,表肯定的推测,食物是被给,因此用must be given,故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词,注意情态动词被动语态的用法。
17.A
【解析】句意:我认为青少年应该被允许挑选他们喜欢的衣服。青少年和允许之间是被动关系,根据should,情态动词,可知结构为情态动词+be+done,故为be allowed,故选A。
【点评】此题考查含有情态动词的被动结构。
18.B
【解析】句意:这些书应该准时归还到图书馆。books与return之间是被动关系,要用被动语态。句子谓语动词要用情态动词should的被动语态,should +be +过去分词,return的过去分词returned,故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词should的被动语态的构成。根据主语与动词的关系确定语态。
19.B
【解析】句意:青少年应该被鼓励在家帮助他们的父母。情态动词should 后跟动词原形,青少年和鼓励之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态,掌握情态动词加被动语态。
20.C
【解析】句意:我认为我们应该允许青少年们自己做决定。根据句意可知,从句中的主语teenagers和谓语动词allow构成被动的关系,应使用被动语态,其构成形式是be +动词的过去分词,情态动词should后接原形,be allowed,故选C。
【点评】此题考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
21.D
【解析】句意:如果我们洗淋浴而不是盆浴,更多的水会被节约。save节约,与句子主语water是被动关系,应使用被动语态,选项D是被动语态,故答案是D。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,注意识记被动语态的用法和结构方式。
22.B
【解析】句意:我认为16岁的孩子们不应该被允许上网吧。 本题考查含情态动词的被动语态,其结构是bedone 的。根据题意故选B。
23.C
【解析】句意:——期末考试快到了,汤姆。别看太久电视。——我不再是个孩子了。我不应该总是被告知做什么。A.应该总是被告诉,被动语态;B.应该总是告诉;C.不应该总是被告诉,被动语态;D.不应该总是告诉。tell告诉,主语I是动作tell的承受者,should应该,情态动词,所以用含有情态动词的被动语态,结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词,tell的过去分词是told,根据I'm not a child any more.我不再是一个孩子,可知我不应该被告诉做什么,所以用否定,故选C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。
24.D
【解析】句意:我想借这本书,但我不知道它可以被借多久。keep(使)留在;borrow借;be borrowed被借用;be kept被保留。根据"I want to borrow the book but I don't know how long it may…."可知,书是被借走的,需用被动语态,排除AB;再根据"how long"可知,需用延续性动词keep。故选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析及被动语态。关注助动词"be"及其变化形式:被动语态的基本结构是"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"。因此,在选择题中,当看到"be"动词(如am, is, are, was, were, being, been)与及物动词的过去分词形式一起出现时,应警惕这可能是被动语态。留意"by"短语:在被动语态的句子中,有时会出现"by+动作执行者"的结构,表示动作是由谁发出的。虽然这不是被动语态的必要条件,但可以帮助确认句子的语态。理解句子含义:首先,要理解句子的整体含义,判断主语与谓语之间的关系。如果主语是动作的承受者而非执行者,那么句子很可能是被动语态。理解含义,不仅要记住动词的形式,还要准确理解其含义和用法。理解语境,在解题时,要仔细阅读题目和选项,理解句子的语境和含义。根据句子的逻辑关系和语境,判断哪个动词更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项,可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项,缩小选择范围。将各个选项进行对比分析,找出它们之间的异同点,从而确定正确答案。
25.C
【解析】句意:——这些老照片有何意义?——他们提醒我们历史不应该被遗忘。分析空格线的句子可知本句含有宾语从句。从句主语the history与选项谓语动词是逻辑上的动宾关系,可知此处是被动语态,根据原句should可知此句是情态动词被动语态be+过去分词。故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词被动语态。分析句子结构找出主语和谓语的关系,并根据句中关键词确定被动语态。
26.B
【解析】句意:因为来自全国各地的支持,美丽的新建筑在四川受地震袭击的地区到处都可以被看到。can see可以看到;can be seen可以被看到;can't be seen不能被看到。根据句意可知,主语beautiful new buildings和动词see构成被动关系,句中应使用被动语态,并且根据句中Because of the support from all over the country可知,这里应是肯定的意思,故应选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
27.C
【解析】句意:请注意!会议开始前所有手机都要关机。A.may turn off,可以关闭;B.must turn off,必须关闭;C.must be turned off,必须被关闭;根据“Attention, please! All the mobile phones……before the meeting starts.”可知此处要表达必须关闭,情态动词用must,主语phones 与turn off之间是动宾关系,因此用被动语态,即must be turned off,故选C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意must的语气强烈,意为必须、一定,当主语与谓语之间是动宾关系时句子用被动语态。
28.C
【解析】句意:当你演讲时请你提高声音,你才会被在这个大厅里所有人听见。A过去式,B一般过去时被动语态,C情态动词被动态,根据by,可知此处用被动语态,祈使句是一般将来时标志。情态动词should,会,表示将来时,故选C。
【点评】考查语态,注意识记情态动词被动语态的用法。
29.D
【解析】句意:如果司机和行人都足够小心,许多事故都可以避免。A保护,B被保护,C防止,D被防止,根据drivers and pedestrians(行人) are careful enough,可知结果是事故都可以避免,动词和accidents是被动关系,can是情态动词,被动形式是can be done,故选D。
【点评】考查动词,注意识记情态动词被动语态的用法。
30.D
【解析】may,可以;must 必须,一定。句意:不要把今天的工作推迟到明天。我的意思是,今天的工作必须今天做。结合语境可知下文句子主语是动作对象,故情态动词后需用被动语态,故选D。
【点评】这两个情态动词之间最大就是表达语气的不同,应结合语境具体分析。被动语态主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,泛指如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态。
31.C
【解析】句意:——我应该什么时候交论文?——铃声一响,你的论文必须上交。paper与hand in是被动关系,as soon as遵循“主将从现”,也就是从句部分不能用一般将来时,故选C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
32.B
【解析】句意:——中国的一些地区现在很渴,我认为水必须被送到这些地区。——我也这么认为。water与send是被动关系,故选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
33.C
【解析】句意:作业应该及时完成。主语与动词之间是被动的关系,此句是含有情态动词的被动语态,故答案为C。
【点评】考查被动语态。
34.C
【解析】句意: 由于下大雨,会议将被推迟。the meeting是put off的动作承受者,此处是含情态动词的被动语态,用must be done,故选C。
【点评】考查含情态动词的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确的语态。
35.A
【解析】句意:今天下午他出现在大厅时,律师将接受一些记者的采访。根据句意可知:律师是被记者采访的,所以要用被动语态;从“this afternoon”可知,这件事情将在今天下午发生,要用一般将来时;一般将来时的被动语态结构为:will/shall+be+动词的过去分词;故答案选A。
【点评】本题考查被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态基本构成,will/shall+be+动词的过去分词
36.B
【解析】should应该,后应跟动词原形,故排除选择A,C,D,选择B。
【点评】此题考查含有情态动词的被动语态,平时应多归纳总结各种时态,语态和句式的结构及用法。
37.A
【解析】句意:——食品安全对我们来说非常重要。——我想是的。未来应该制定更多的规则。A:should be made应该被制定;B:were made被制定,一般过去时的被动语态;C:have made已经制定,现在完成时。根据句子Food safety is very important to us. 食品安全对我们来说非常重要。可知此处在表达看法,应是指更多的规则应该被指定,表示建议,应用情态动词should,主语it与make之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,结构为be done,可知此处应用should be made,故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态,注意识记含有情态动词的被动语态should be done的用法,选出正确答案。
38.C
【解析】句意:—我需要多久喂一次狗?-它必须每天被给食物,否则它会饿的。must give必须给;must be give形式错误,must be后加过去分词;must be given是被动语态形式;must be gave形式错误,must be后跟过去分词。根据句意可知,这句话的主语It和动词give构成被动关系,这里应使用被动语态,故应选C。
【点评】考查被动构成:be+过去分词。
39.C
【解析】句意:——我们不可能被允许打游戏,因为家庭作业还没完成。——我想是这样的。你知道我们父母有多严格的!A. must; playing必须,动名词;B. might; to play可能,动词不定式;C. can't; to play不能,动词不定式。第一空根据下文内容,可知是不可能被允许打游戏,此处can't表示否定的推测;第二空根据固定搭配be allowed to do sth. 意为"被允许做某事",可知用动词不定式,故答案选C。
【点评】考查情态动词和非谓语动词,注意识记can't 和be allowed to do。
40.C
【解析】句意:如果一个孩子小于6岁,他能被允许免费参观动物园的。根据常识可知小孩子是免费参观动物园的,句子的主语和谓语之间是被动关系,可知这是含有情态动词的被动语态,情态动词+be+done,故选C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意识记其结构。
41.B
【解析】句意:Lily将动手术,并且她会被她的妈妈好好照顾。根据空格前句意Lily will have an operation....Lily动手术,可推知,不能照顾自己,她是被妈妈好好照顾的。空格前有will,用一般将来时的被动语态,构成will be+动词的过去分词,而照顾用take care of,take的过去分词是taken。故选B。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意一般将来时的被动语态的用法,当与动词短语一起构成被动语态时,介词不能忘。
42.A
【解析】句意:——在许多城市的大街上都能找到汉服爱好者。 ——嗯,穿汉服有助于了解中国文化。find和主语汉服爱好者是被动关系,所以应该用被动语态,排除B和D。can能,must必须,此处表示能在大街上找到,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意分析句子主语与谓语的关系,确定语态。
43.C
【解析】句意:Danny丢了自行车,但是他认为它能被找到。结合句意自行车能被找回来,故用被动形式,故选C。
44.B
【解析】考查put sth.to good use的被动语态,故选B。句意是:废纸必须被充分利用。
【点评】本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
45.D
【解析】句意:这些年轻的妈妈们被告知小孩子不能单独留在家里。leave离开,留下;to leave动词不定式;left是leave的过去式;be left被动结构。根据句意可知,空前的主语little kids和动词leave的关系是被动的,应使用被动语态,空前有情态动词can't,故be动词用原形,故应选D。
【点评】考查被动语态。
46.D
【解析】句意:你最好把书放在这儿。他们和字典必须放回原处。A.应该放;B.能够放;C.能够被放,被动语态;D.必须被放,被动语态。主语they指的是books,是动作put的承受者,所以用被动语态,排除A、B。根据You'd better put the books here.,可知最好把书放在这儿,所以必须把书和字典放回原处,故选D。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,注意理解句意。
47.C
【解析】句意:——“让我们节约”活动的含义是什么?——在日常生活中,我们不应该浪费纸张。save的含义就是not waste,因paper与save之间存在被动意义,要用被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意熟记含有情态动词的被动语态的基本结构
48.C
【解析】句意:这里有很多不应该被游客错过的地方。它们是长城、颐和园、紫禁城等。这是一个由which引导的定语从句,which指代places,与选项提供的动词miss之间构成被动关系,所以用被动语态:be+过去分词,ABD都是主动结构,故答案为C。
【点评】考查含情态动词的被动语态。理解句意,弄清句子结构,掌握被动的基本规则。
49.C
【解析】句意:——村里的孩子过河上学很困难。——我认为应该在这条河上建一座桥。was built一般过去时的被动语态;is being built现在进行时的被动语态;should be built应该被建;been built错误结构;过去时和进行时都不合适,意为我认为应该建桥,故答案为C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意识记被动语态的结构和用法。
50.C
【解析】句意:——我需要多久喂一次狗?——必须每天给它食物,否则它会饿。根据主语it(the dog)与动词give之间是被动关系,狗被喂食。句子的谓语动词要用情态动词must的被动语态:must+be+过去分词,give的过去分词given,故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词must的被动语态的构成。根据主语与动词的关系确定语态。
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