Period 4 单元语法讲练
动词或名词
在不改变词形的前提下，英语中有些词可从一个词类变成另一个词类，如动词变为名词，名词变为动词，形容词变为副词或动词等，这种现象被称为词的转化。
1．动词转化为名词
①意思没有变化。如：
The man standing by the riverside can't swim．
站在河边的那个男子不会游泳。(swim 是动词)
Let's go for a swim this afternoon．
今天下午咱们去游泳吧。(swim 是名词)
②意思没有大的变化。如：
She doesn't like to walk home late at night．
她不喜欢在深夜步行回家。(walk 是动词)
After supper，we often go out for a walk．
晚饭后我们经常到外面散步。(walk 是名词)
③意思有较大的变化。如：
They're going to build houses on the site of the old power station．
他们要在老发电站那里建房子。(build 是动词)
He is a man of strong build．
他是一个体格健壮的汉子。(build 是名词)
2．名词转化为动词
①表示事物的名词变为动词。如：
The little boy is reading a book about wild life．
这个小男孩在看一本有关野生动物的书。(book是名词)
I'd like to book a table for two for 8 o'clock tonight．
我想订一张今晚8点钟的二人餐桌。(book是动词)
②表示身体部位的名词变为动词。如：
Put up your hand if you know the answer．
如果你知道答案就举手。(hand是名词)
Please hand me the book．
请把那本书递给我。(hand是动词)
③表示职业的名词变为动词。如：
The woman is an experienced nurse．
这位妇女是个有经验的护士。(nurse是名词)
She nursed her daughter back to health．
她照料女儿，使她康复。(nurse是动词)
④某些抽象名词变为动词。如：
Have you had your lunch
你吃过午饭了吗？(lunch是名词)
I would like to lunch with you．
我愿意和你一起共进午餐。(lunch是动词)
[即时训练1] 选用work/head的适当形式填空
①Do you enjoy __________with children
②She has a lot of __________to do．
③Usually people nod their __________ in agreement．
④We decided to uproot and __________ for Shanghai．
3．形容词转化为动词
有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如：
There's nothing better than a hot bath．
没有什么比洗个热水澡更舒服的了。(better是形容词)
Thousands of workers joined educational associations in an attempt to better themselves．
成千上万名工人加入了各种教育协会，以求上进。(better是动词)
4．形容词转化为副词
We found a cheap and cheerful cafe．
我们找到了一家价格低廉环境宜人的咖啡馆。(cheap是形容词)
I got this dress cheap in a sale．
这件衣服是我在大减价时便宜买的。(cheap是副词)
[即时训练2] 指出句中加黑单词是什么词类
① When we calm somebody down，they become calm． ____________________
②The house has a wide door and it is wide open． ____________________
根据提示词完成句子
1．It's important to develop good __________ skills．(study)
2．How long have you been__________ English？(study)
3．It's my first __________ to New York．(visit)
4．The Prime Minister is __________ Japan at the moment．(visit)
5．What is the __________mountain in China？(high)
6．We often see his desk is piled__________with papers．(high)
Period 4
单元语法
[即时训练1]
①working ②work ③heads ④head
[即时训练2]
①动词；形容词 ②形容词；副词
巩固落实
1．study 2．studying 3．visit 4．visiting 5．highest 6．high
3/3(共16张PPT)
Period ４
Section Ⅱ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
主题语境 人与社会 —— 重要国际组织与社会公益机构
课时学案 单元语法讲练
动词或名词
在不改变词形的前提下，英语中有些词可从一个词类变成另一个词类，如动词变为名词，名词变为动词，形容词变为副词或动词等，这种现象被称为词的转化。
1．动词转化为名词
①意思没有变化。如：
The man standing by the riverside can't swim．
站在河边的那个男子不会游泳。(swim 是动词)
Let's go for a swim this afternoon．
今天下午咱们去游泳吧。(swim 是名词)
②意思没有大的变化。如：
She doesn't like to walk home late at night．
她不喜欢在深夜步行回家。(walk 是动词)
After supper，we often go out for a walk．
晚饭后我们经常到外面散步。(walk 是名词)
③意思有较大的变化。如：
They're going to build houses on the site of the old power station．
他们要在老发电站那里建房子。(build 是动词)
He is a man of strong build．
他是一个体格健壮的汉子。(build 是名词)
2．名词转化为动词
①表示事物的名词变为动词。如：
The little boy is reading a book about wild life．
这个小男孩在看一本有关野生动物的书。(book是名词)
I'd like to book a table for two for 8 o'clock tonight．
我想订一张今晚8点钟的二人餐桌。(book是动词)
②表示身体部位的名词变为动词。如：
Put up your hand if you know the answer．
如果你知道答案就举手。(hand是名词)
Please hand me the book．
请把那本书递给我。(hand是动词)
③表示职业的名词变为动词。如：
The woman is an experienced nurse．
这位妇女是个有经验的护士。(nurse是名词)
She nursed her daughter back to health．
她照料女儿，使她康复。(nurse是动词)
④某些抽象名词变为动词。如：
Have you had your lunch
你吃过午饭了吗？(lunch是名词)
I would like to lunch with you．
我愿意和你一起共进午餐。(lunch是动词)
[即时训练1] 选用work/head的适当形式填空
①Do you enjoy ________with children
②She has a lot of _____to do．
③Usually people nod their _____ in agreement．
④We decided to uproot and ____ for Shanghai．
working
work
heads
head
3．形容词转化为动词
有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如：
There's nothing better than a hot bath．
没有什么比洗个热水澡更舒服的了。(better是形容词)
Thousands of workers joined educational associations in an attempt to better themselves．
成千上万名工人加入了各种教育协会，以求上进。(better是动词)
4．形容词转化为副词
We found a cheap and cheerful cafe．
我们找到了一家价格低廉环境宜人的咖啡馆。(cheap是形容词)
I got this dress cheap in a sale．
这件衣服是我在大减价时便宜买的。(cheap是副词)
[即时训练2] 指出句中加黑单词是什么词类
① When we calm somebody down，they become calm． ____ ______
②The house has a wide door and it is wide open． ______ ____
动词
形容词
形容词
副词
根据提示词完成句子
1．It's important to develop good _____ skills．(study)
2．How long have you been________ English？(study)
3．It's my first _____ to New York．(visit)
4．The Prime Minister is ________ Japan at the moment．(visit)
5．What is the _______ mountain in China？(high)
6．We often see his desk is piled ____with papers．(high)
study
studying
visit
visiting
highest
high
课时分层作业(五)
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（WORD版）
巩固课堂所学 · 激发学习思维
夯实基础知识 · 熟悉命题方式
自我检测提能 · 及时矫正不足
本节课掌握了哪些考点？
本节课还有什么疑问点？
课后训练
学习反思
课时小结
THANKS课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．This year the airline will be hard pressed to make a ________ (盈利)．
2．Our luggage was checked all the way through to our final ________ (目的地)．
3．The two parties managed to ________ (克服) their differences on the issue．
4．We need to know the exact time the incident ________ (发生)．
5．The number of reported crimes is increasing at an alarming ________ (速度)．
Ⅱ．选词填空
come up with; stand for; thanks to; be known as; work through
1．We won the game _______________ a lot of hard work from everyone in the team．
2．My mum is always able to ________________some good advice．
3．The Qinghai Tibet Plateau，whose average altitude is above 4，000 metres， ________________the roof of the world．
4．Nobody knew how the lady ________________her deep anxiety after her son's suffering serious injuries．
5．The Party is trying to give the impression that it alone ________________ democracy．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
While riding hard on a bike，do you feel like you are saving the planet？Or do you just feel out of breath？In fact，cycling is now considered one of the best weapons mankind can use in the fight against climate change．
The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution (决议) in March supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change．The resolution calls on member states to “add the bicycle to public transportation，in the city and countryside，in developing and developed countries”，with all 193 members of the UN agreeing upon the resolution．
The decision has received positive comments from different groups in support of cycling and the environmental awareness internationally．“It's an important step toward the recognition of cycling as an important means of transport，” said the European Cyclists Federation．
The resolution from the UN comes at a time when climate change has returned to the centre of the world's attention．On February 28，the UN published a new report assessing (评估) recent climate change trends (趋势)．The report warns that the world's average temperature will rise by 1.5 ℃ above pre industrial levels (1850－1900)，with more than 40% of the world's population being “easily affected” to these temperature changes．
Cycling is an environmentally friendly means of transport．Choosing to take a bike instead of a car just once a day can reduce a person's carbon emission (碳排放) from transport by 67 percent，according to a research by the University of Oxford．The research also found that cyclists produced 84 percent lower CO2 emissions from all daily travel than non cyclists．
Cycling has grown in popularity as people who take public transport to work wish to stay away from crowded public transport and also like taking any opportunity to exercise．Cycling culture has been further encouraged with the influence of epidemic．In May 2020，bike sales in Spain increased 22 times compared with 2019．In London，large parts of the city are being closed off to cars so that people can walk and cycle safely．
More importantly，the resolution focuses on bike sharing services，which could be seen as recognition of China's bike sharing success，noted CGTN．China has some of the largest bike sharing systems in the world．This means of transport that produces zero emissions reduces the amount of CO2 sent out into the atmosphere (大气层) by 4.8 million tons every year，according to a 2020 report from the World Resources Institute．
1．What is the resolution aimed at
A．Winning all member states' support．
B．Making bicycles part of public transport．
C．Dealing with the problem of climate change．
D．Making people healthier and more athletic．
2．What leads to the popularity of the resolution according to the text
A．The whole world's attention on climate change．
B．Cycling is encouraged in numerous countries．
C．China's success in bike sharing systems．
D．More people wish to exercise more．
3．Why is cycling considered the best weapon against climate change
A．It get people to exercise and stay healthy．
B．It can largely reduce our carbon footprint．
C．It can reduce the influence of the epidemic．
D．It helps us stay away from crowded public transport．
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．Cycling to Improve Health
B．Cycling to a Climate Solution
C．Why Is Cycling So Important
D．A New Resolution by the UN
Ⅳ．完形填空
One boy's police officer dad died recently，so other police officers took it upon themselves to show up for the boy on his first day of school．How 1 they were!
During the summer months，Officer Jason Swanger of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department 2 on duty．And his 9 year old son，Noah，has been 3 his sadness about his dad's death since then．
On his first day of fourth grade Noah wore a white shirt with a 4 to show that he is now the man of the 5 ．He also wore a police badge (徽章) on his backpack as a way to 6 his dad．
Jason had been a police officer for seven years，and the officers in his department knew him to be a wonderful family man as well as 7 his job．
“He was known as a considerate father and husband who often went the extra mile for people 8 and tried his best to make a(n) 9 in other people's lives，” said the Las Vegas Metropolitan Department．
The police officers from Jason's department wanted to be there for Noah as he started his first school year 10 his father．As Noah was 11 his school，a group of 12 met up with him and drove him over to his elementary school．A police escort (护卫队) in honor of his 13 father—how wonderful that was!
“This is due to his 14 the police department concerning his dad，so it 15 a lot to him that they are all here for him，” said Christa Swanger，Noah's mother．
1．A．sweet B．polite
C．wise D．easy going
2．A．remained B．struggled
C．died D．trained
3．A．researching B．introducing
C．showing D．expecting
4．A．cover B．paper
C．towel D．tie
5．A．department B．house
C．school D．company
6．A．honour B．identify
C．rescue D．comfort
7．A．worried about B．devoted to
C．impatient with D．confused about
8．A．in wonder B．in charge
C．in place D．in need
9．A．speech B．promise
C．difference D．appointment
10．A．without B．against
C．beside D．beyond
11．A．pointing to B．applying to
C．calling for D．heading for
12．A．soldiers B．officers
C．students D．guides
13．A．injured B．weak
C．late D．sick
14．A．responsibility for B．doubt about
C．complaint about D．connection with
15．A．means B．costs
C．passes D．delivers
V．语法填空
Tea comes from China，and Chinese tea culture has a long history．Now，enjoying a nice cup of tea is 1． ________habit around the world．Not only is drinking tea a 2． ________(relax) moment，but tea is an endless drink with so many different types to get，each with its own unique flavour (味道)．But if you're a tea time beginner and find yourself just 3． ________(put) an old tea bag in hot water and steeping (浸泡) 4． ________(simple) and carelessly，you could be missing out on tons of flavour and the chance to experience the moment of tea drinking 5． ________(happy)．There are a few important 6． ________(thing) that can affect the taste of tea，including the types of tea，the water temperature，and the steeping time．To make a cup of perfect tea，firstly，instead 7． ________tea bags，you'd better prepare loose leaf tea 8． ________has a strong and lasting flavour．Loose leaf tea also produces generally 9． ________(little) rubbish than tea bags．Secondly，you should start with fresh water and not let the water get too hot．Remove the water right when it 10． ________(start) boiling for the best flavour．Finally，set a timer and start steeping according to the suggested time on your tea's packaging．
课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ．1．profit 2．destination 3．overcome 4．occurred 5．rate
Ⅱ．1．thanks to 2．come up with 3．is known as 4．worked through 5．stands for
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
C A B B
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A C C D B A B D
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
C A D B C D A
Ⅴ．1．a 2．relaxing 3．putting 4．simply 5．happiness 6．things 7．of 8．which/that 9．less 10．starts
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了骑自行车有助于解决气候变化问题。
1．C [推理判断题。根据第二段中“The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution in March supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change．”可知，决议的目的是应对气候变化问题。故选C项。]
2．A [细节理解题。根据第四段中“The resolution from the UN comes at a time when climate change has returned to the center of the world's attention．”可知，全世界都在关注气候变化致使决议很受欢迎。故选A项。]
3．B [细节理解题。根据第五段中“Choosing to take a bike instead of a car just once a day can reduce a person's carbon emission from transport by 67 percent，according to a research by the University of Oxford．The research also found that cyclists produced 84 percent lower CO2 emissions from all daily travel than noncyclists．”可知，骑车可以大大减少我们的碳足迹。故选B项。]
4．B [标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第一段中“In fact，cycling is now considered one of the best weapons mankind can use in the fight against climate change．”可知，这篇文章主要内容是骑自行车有助于解决气候变化问题，因此最好的标题是“骑车解决气候问题”。故选B项。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述的是一个男孩的警察爸爸最近去世了，其他警察在男孩上学的第一天就主动出现在他身边的故事。
1．A [根据上文中的“One boy's police officer dad died recently，so other police officers took it upon themselves to show up for the boy on his first day of school．”可知，一个男孩的警察爸爸最近去世了，所以其他警察在男孩上学的第一天就主动出现在他身边，由此可知，此处应为“善良的”符合语境。故选A项。]
2．C [根据上文中的“One boy's police officer dad died recently”可知，此处指的是小男孩的父亲在执勤的时候“死亡”。故选C项。]
3．C [根据语境和下文中的“his sadness about his dad's death since then”可知，自小男孩父亲去世后，小男孩“流露出”对父亲去世的悲伤，符合语境。故选C项。]
4．D [根据常识和上文中的“Noah wore a white shirt with”可知，穿白衬衣应该是搭配“领带”符合语境。故选D项。]
5．B [根据语境以及上文中的“Noah wore a white shirt with a to show that he is now the man”可知，Noah穿着衬衣打了一条领带，为了表明他是“家里”的男人。故选B项。]
6．A [根据上文中的“He also wore a police badge on his backpack as a way”可知，小男孩父亲去世，现在他每天带着徽章作为“纪念”父亲的方式。故选A项。]
7．B [根据上文中的“and the officers in his department knew him to be a wonderful family man”可知，Jason很顾家，根据“as well as”可知，此处指的是他对工作很“忠诚”符合语境。故选B项。]
8．D [根据语境和上文中的“who often went the extra mile for people”可知，市政府人员对Jason的评价说他是一位体贴的父亲和丈夫，同时也提到他经常帮助需要帮助的人，所以，此处应为“在困境的”人们，符合语境。故选D项。]
9．C [根据上文中的“He was known as a considerate father and husband who often went the extra mile for people ”可知，Jason是一位为人所熟知的体贴的父亲和丈夫，在努力地帮助需要帮助的人，由此可推断，此处指的是他尽最大努力地在别人的生活中“产生影响”。故选C项。]
10．A [根据上文中的“One boy's police officer dad died recently”可知，此处指的是在Noah“没有”父亲的情况下的第一个学年陪在他的身边。故选A项。]
11．D [根据下文中的“and drove him over to his elementary school”可知，这些警察把Noah送去他的小学，由此可知，此处指的是在Noah去上学的路上遇到了警察，所以此处“朝学校前进”符合语境。故选D项。]
12．B [根据上文中的“The police officers from Jason's department wanted to be there for Noah as he started his first school year his father．”可知，来自Jason部门的警察想在Noah没有父亲的第一个学年陪在他身边，由此可知，此处指的是“警察”符合语境。故选B项。]
13．C [根据上文中的“One boy's police officer dad died recently”可知，Noah的父亲去世，所以此处指的是为了纪念他“已故的”父亲。故选C项。]
14．D [根据语境和上文中的“The police officers from Jason's department wanted to be there for Noah as he started his first school year his father．”可知，来自Noah父亲部门的警察想在Noah没有父亲的第一学年陪在他身边，由此可知，此处指的是这是由于他与他父亲相关的警局有“关系”符合语境。故选D项。]
15．A [根据常识和上文中的“This is due to his the police department concerning his dad”以及so可知，这是因为与他父亲相关的警局有关系，所以这对Noah来说意义重大，所以此处使用“意味着”符合语境。故选A项。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了喝茶的正确方式、步骤和注意事项。
1．a [考查冠词。空后的habit 是以辅音因素开头的可数名词，空处应填不定冠词a。故填a。]
2．relaxing [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作修饰moment的定语，描述的是事物的特性，因此应用ing结尾的形容词relaxing，意为“令人放松的”。故填relaxing。]
3．putting [考查非谓语动词。根据“find yourself”可推知，空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，put和“你自己”之间为逻辑主动关系，且表示动作正在发生，因此空处应用put的动词ing形式。故填putting。]
4．simply [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处和carelessly并列，修饰steeping，因此应用副词simply，意为“简单地”。故填simply。]
5．happiness [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处被teadrinking修饰，作介词of的宾语，因此应用名词happiness，意为“快乐”，为不可数名词。故填happiness。]
6．things [考查名词复数。根据“a few”可知，此处指几件重要的事情，空处应用thing的复数形式。故填things。]
7．of [考查介词。根据“instead”和“tea bags”可推知，此处用固定短语instead of，意为“而不是”，因此空处应用介词of。故填of。]
8．which/that [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词looseleaf tea，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词which或that作引导词。故填which/that。]
9．less [考查形容词比较级。根据“than tea bags”可知，此处表示比较，因此空处应用little的比较级。故填less。]
10．starts [考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作when引导的时间状语从句的谓语，主句为祈使句，从句应用一般现在时，且主语为it，因此start需用单数形式。故填starts。]
5/5
