Section Ⅳ
Period 默写背诵
1．biology n．生物学
2．marathon n．马拉松赛跑
3．betterment n．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高
4．clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖 n．克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体
5．barrier n．障碍，壁垒
6．twin n．双胞胎中的一个
7．camel n．骆驼
8．cattle n．牛
9．forever adv.永远；长久地
10．reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的
11．blessing n．福气，幸运
12．organ n．器官
13．crossword n．纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏
14．zone n．地区，地带
15．junk food(高脂肪、高糖分等的)不利健康的食品，垃圾食品
16．intake n．摄入量，摄取量
17．virus n．病毒
18．rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的
19．baseline n．(医学或科学中的)基线，准线
20．widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的
21．sample n．样本，样品 vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查
22．lung n．肺
23．trial n．试验；审判，审理
24．paragraph n．(文章的)段，段落
25．symbolically adv.象征地，象征性地
26．mineral n．矿物质；矿产
27．needle n．针
28．database n．数据库，资料库
29．victim n．(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者
30．astronomer n．天文学家
1．____________n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
2．_________vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
3．_______vt.推断，推定
4．___________vt.计算，核算
5．__________vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革
6．_____________n．参加者，参与者
7．___________adj.完全相同的，非常相似的
8．____________n．比较
9．________adv.完全地
10．______n．线索，提示
11．__________adj.准确的，正确的
12．___________n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
13．_________n．强烈的情感，激情
14．_________adj.至关重要的，关键性的
15．_______adj.很有可能，肯定会
16．______adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的
17．_______vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n．滥用；虐待
18．_________vt.包含，容纳，装盛
19．________vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置
20．___________n．变化物，变体；差异，变动
21．________n．因素，要素
22．____________adv.官方地，正式地
23．__________vt.将……分类；把……归入一类
24．_________adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
25．____________adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的
26．__________vt.估计，估算
27．______vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏
28．______vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等)n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态
29．__________n．(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生
30．________adj.实际的，真实的
31．___________vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线
32．_______________adj.相应的；对应的
33．__________vt.确定，发现；认出，识别
34．____________n．现象
35．_________n．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子
1．capable adj.有能力的；足以胜任的→____________n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
2．innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革→____________n．革新，创新
3．participate vi.参加→_______________n．参加，参与→_____________n．参加者，参与者
4．edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→_________n．版本(出版形式)；(广播、电视节目的)一期，一辑；(报纸、杂志的)一份→________n．编辑；编者
5．artificial adj.人为的，人工的；虚假的→______________adv.人为地，虚假地
6．compare vi.& vt.比较，对比→____________n．比较
7．accurate adj.准确的，正确的→__________n．准确性
8．treat vt.对待；处理；治疗；把……视为；招待→___________n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
9．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情→___________adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的
10．locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置→__________n．位置；定位
11．vary vi.变化，不同→_________adj.各种各样的→_________n．多种式样；变化→___________n．变化物，变体；差异，变动
12．official adj.正式的；官方的 n．官员；要员→____________adv.官方地，正式地
13．oppose vi.& vt.抵制，反对；抗争→_________adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
14．classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→________________n．归类，分类，分级
15．depress vt.使沮丧；使萧条→___________adj.沮丧的，情绪低落的→____________adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→____________n．沮丧；抑郁
16．vision n．视力，视野→_________adj.看得见的
17．actual adj.实际的，真实的→__________adv.实际地；真实地
18．system n．系统，体系→____________adj.系统化的，有条理的
19．globe n．地球，世界；地球仪→________adj.全球的；全世界的→__________adv.全球地
1．________ 导致；通向
2．____________________ 与……比较
3．_______________ 致力于
4．______________ 照顾，照料
5．________________ 对……至关重要
6．_____________ 一定会
7．_______________ 能够……
8．_______________ 独自
9．_______________ 被视为；被当作
10．__________ 依靠，依赖；相信，信任
11．___________ 由……组成
12．____________ 只要
13．_______________ 相比之下
14．_________ 死于……
15．____________ 度过，熬过；接通，打通
16．___________________ 在……过程中
17．__________ 导致……
18．______________ 提出
1．For example，gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable medium，such as soil.
例如，园丁们从植物上截取一段，放在合适的培养基中(例如土壤)，就是一种克隆。
2．The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep named Dolly in 1996.
第一只成功克隆的动物是1996年的克隆羊多莉。
3．In comparison with other species，cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”， and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated.
与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。
4．There had been a number of failures before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey.
历经多次失败，最终找到成功克隆猴子的方法。
5．An epidemic is the name given to an infectious disease that rapidly spreads to a large number of people within a short period of time—usually two weeks or less.
流行病是指在短时间内(通常两周或更短)迅速在大量人群中传播的传染性疾病。
6．Each disease can only officially be classified as an epidemic once a certain number of deaths have occurred from the disease.
只有致死病例达到一定数量，某种疾病才会被正式定性为流行病。
7．Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area's population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.
现今科学家估计，发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。
8．Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history.
西班牙流感在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡，成为历史上最严重的流行病。
假定你是李华，你的笔友Jim写信询问你们学校三月通常会举行什么集体活动。请给他回信，内容包括：
1．活动名称；
2．活动过程；
3．活动感受。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[高分范文背诵]
Dear Jim，
How is everything going I am writing to tell you about the activity in March — planting trees.
Our nation sets March 12th as “Tree-Planting Day”．Planting trees can not only green and beautify homes but also expand mountain forests，prevent soil erosion，regulate climate and promote economic development.Therefore，students of our school go to the hill nearby annually，planting trees.
From this experience we enrich ourselves and contribute to a greener world at the same time.You can see the attachment for some photos of me in the activity.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours，
Li Hua
片段1
With hesitation，the family tasted the potato salad with onions in it.Nodding their heads at the same time，smile flickered across everyone's face.They eventually figured out Grandpa's recipe.Finally，Alexis completed the salad and took part in the contest.
这家人犹豫了一下，尝了尝带有洋葱的土豆沙拉。他们一边点头，一边微笑着掠过每个人的脸。他们最终找到了爷爷的食谱。最后，亚历克西斯完成了沙拉并参加了比赛。
片段2
Unfortunately，he tripped over a stone and they both fell to the ground.Painful though he was，Rogers dropped to his knees，checked Linden's condition and lifted her over his shoulder again.Exhausted but determined，Rogers tightly carried Linden on his back，moving forward carefully.
不幸的是，他被一块石头绊倒了，两人都倒在了地上。尽管疼痛，罗杰斯还是跪了下来，检查了林登的情况，然后再次把她举过肩膀。筋疲力尽但意志坚定的罗杰斯紧紧地背着林登，小心翼翼地向前走去。
Section Ⅳ
Period
写作词汇
1．capability 2．justify 3．infer 4．calculate
5．innovate 6．participant 7．identical 8．comparison 9．wholly 10．clue 11．accurate 12．treatment
13．emotion 14．crucial 15．bound 16．mere
17．abuse 18．contain 19．locate 20．variation
21．factor 22．officially 23．classify 24．opposed
25．depressing 26．estimate 27．bury 28．pose
29．outbreak 30．actual 31．underline
32．corresponding 33．identify 34．phenomenon 35．suspect
拓展单词
1．capability 2．innovation 3．participation；participant
4．edition；editor 5．artificially 6．comparison
7．accuracy 8．treatment 9．emotional 10．location 11．various；variety；variation 12．officially 13．opposed 14．classification 15．depressed；depressing；depression 16．visible 17．actually 18．systematic 19．global；
globally
重点短语
1．lead to 2．in comparison with 3．be devoted to 4．take care of 5．be crucial for 6．be bound to 7．be capable of 8．on one's own 9．be treated as 10．depend on 11．consist of 12．as long as 13．as opposed to 14．die from 15．get through 16．in the course of 17．result in 18．come up with
1 / 1(共104张PPT)
Period
Section Ⅳ
UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
主题语境
人与社会 —— 科学与技术
1．biology n．生物学
2．marathon n．马拉松赛跑
3．betterment n．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高
4．clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖n．克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体
5．barrier n．障碍，壁垒
6．twin n．双胞胎中的一个
单元回顾 默写背诵
7．camel n．骆驼
8．cattle n．牛
9．forever adv.永远；长久地
10．reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的
11．blessing n．福气，幸运
12．organ n．器官
13．crossword n．纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏
14．zone n．地区，地带
15．junk food(高脂肪、高糖分等的)不利健康的食品，垃圾食品
16．intake n．摄入量，摄取量
17．virus n．病毒
18．rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的
19．baseline n．(医学或科学中的)基线，准线
20．widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的
21．sample n．样本，样品 vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查
22．lung n．肺
23．trial n．试验；审判，审理
24．paragraph n．(文章的)段，段落
25．symbolically adv.象征地，象征性地
26．mineral n．矿物质；矿产
27．needle n．针
28．database n．数据库，资料库
29．victim n．(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者
30．astronomer n．天文学家
单元回顾
单元综合检测
Period
1．____________n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
2．_________vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
3．_______vt.推断，推定
4．___________vt.计算，核算
5．__________vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革
6．_____________n．参加者，参与者
7．___________adj.完全相同的，非常相似的
capability
justify
infer
calculate
innovate
participant
identical
8．____________n．比较
9．________adv.完全地
10．______n．线索，提示
11．__________adj.准确的，正确的
12．___________n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
13．_________n．强烈的情感，激情
14．_________adj.至关重要的，关键性的
15．_______adj.很有可能，肯定会
comparison
wholly
clue
accurate
treatment
emotion
crucial
bound
16．______adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的
17．_______vt.滥用，妄用；虐待n．滥用；虐待
18．_________vt.包含，容纳，装盛
19．________vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置
20．___________n．变化物，变体；差异，变动
21．________n．因素，要素
22．____________adv.官方地，正式地
23．__________vt.将……分类；把……归入一类
mere
abuse
contain
locate
variation
factor
officially
classify
24．_________adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
25．____________adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的
26．__________vt.估计，估算
27．______vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏
28．______vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等)n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态
29．__________n．(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生
30．________adj.实际的，真实的
opposed
depressing
estimate
bury
pose
outbreak
actual
单元回顾
单元综合检测
Period
31．___________vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线
32．_______________adj.相应的；对应的
33．__________vt.确定，发现；认出，识别
34．____________n．现象
35．_________n．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子
underline
corresponding
identify
phenomenon
suspect
单元回顾
单元综合检测
Period
1．capable adj.有能力的；足以胜任的→____________n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
2．innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革→___________n．革新，创新
3．participate vi.参加→___________n．参加，参与→__________n．
参加者，参与者
4．edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→_________n．版本(出版形式)；(广播、电视节目的)一期，一辑；(报纸、杂志的)一份→________n．编辑；编者
capability
innovation
participation
participant
edition
editor
5．artificial adj.人为的，人工的；虚假的→______________adv.人为地，虚假地
6．compare vi.& vt.比较，对比→____________n．比较
7．accurate adj.准确的，正确的→__________n．准确性
8．treat vt.对待；处理；治疗；把……视为；招待→___________n．
诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
9．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情→___________adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的
10．locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置→__________n．位置；定位
artificially
comparison
accuracy
treatment
emotional
location
11．vary vi.变化，不同→________adj.各种各样的→________n．多种式样；变化→___________n．变化物，变体；差异，变动
12．official adj.正式的；官方的n．官员；要员→____________adv.官方地，正式地
13．oppose vi.& vt.抵制，反对；抗争→_________adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
14．classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→____________n．归类，分类，分级
various
variety
variation
officially
opposed
classification
15．depress vt.使沮丧；使萧条→_________adj.沮丧的，情绪低落的→___________adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→____________n．沮丧；抑郁
16．vision n．视力，视野→_______adj.看得见的
17．actual adj.实际的，真实的→________adv.实际地；真实地
18．system n．系统，体系→__________adj.系统化的，有条理的
19．globe n．地球，世界；地球仪→________adj.全球的；全世界的→__________adv.全球地
depressed
depressing
depression
visible
actually
systematic
global
globally
单元回顾
单元综合检测
Period
1．________ 导致；通向
2．____________________ 与……比较
3．_______________ 致力于
4．______________ 照顾，照料
5．________________ 对……至关重要
6．_____________ 一定会
7．_______________ 能够……
lead to
in comparison with
be devoted to
take care of
be crucial for
be bound to
be capable of
8．_______________ 独自
9．_______________ 被视为；被当作
10．__________ 依靠，依赖；相信，信任
11．___________ 由……组成
12．____________ 只要
13．_______________ 相比之下
14．_________ 死于……
on one's own
be treated as
depend on
consist of
as long as
as opposed to
die from
单元回顾
单元综合检测
Period
15．____________ 度过，熬过；接通，打通
16．___________________ 在……过程中
17．__________ 导致……
18．______________ 提出
get through
in the course of
result in
come up with
单元回顾
单元综合检测
Period
1．For example，gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable medium，such as soil.
例如，园丁们从植物上截取一段，放在合适的培养基中(例如土壤)，就是一种克隆。
2．The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep named Dolly in 1996.
第一只成功克隆的动物是1996年的克隆羊多莉。
3．In comparison with other species，cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”， and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated.
与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。
4．There had been a number of failures before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey.
历经多次失败，最终找到成功克隆猴子的方法。
5．An epidemic is the name given to an infectious disease that rapidly spreads to a large number of people within a short period of time—usually two weeks or less.
流行病是指在短时间内(通常两周或更短)迅速在大量人群中传播的传染性疾病。
6．Each disease can only officially be classified as an epidemic once a certain number of deaths have occurred from the disease.
只有致死病例达到一定数量，某种疾病才会被正式定性为流行病。
7．Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area's population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.
现今科学家估计，发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。
8．Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history.
西班牙流感在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡，成为历史上最严重的流行病。
单元回顾
单元综合检测
Period
假定你是李华，你的笔友Jim写信询问你们学校三月通常会举行什么集体活动。请给他回信，内容包括：
1．活动名称；
2．活动过程；
3．活动感受。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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[高分范文背诵]
Dear Jim，
How is everything going I am writing to tell you about the activity in March — planting trees.
Our nation sets March 12th as “Tree-Planting Day”．Planting trees can not only green and beautify homes but also expand mountain forests，prevent soil erosion，regulate climate and promote economic development.Therefore，students of our school go to the hill nearby annually，planting trees.
From this experience we enrich ourselves and contribute to a greener world at the same time.You can see the attachment for some photos of me in the activity.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours，
Li Hua
片段1
With hesitation，the family tasted the potato salad with onions in it.Nodding their heads at the same time，smile flickered across everyone's face.They eventually figured out Grandpa's recipe.Finally，Alexis completed the salad and took part in the contest.
这家人犹豫了一下，尝了尝带有洋葱的土豆沙拉。他们一边点头，一边微笑着掠过每个人的脸。他们最终找到了爷爷的食谱。最后，亚历克西斯完成了沙拉并参加了比赛。
片段2
Unfortunately，he tripped over a stone and they both fell to the ground. Painful though he was，Rogers dropped to his knees，checked Linden's condition and lifted her over his shoulder again. Exhausted but determined，Rogers tightly carried Linden on his back，moving forward carefully.
不幸的是，他被一块石头绊倒了，两人都倒在了地上。尽管疼痛，罗杰斯还是跪了下来，检查了林登的情况，然后再次把她举过肩膀。筋疲力尽但意志坚定的罗杰斯紧紧地背着林登，小心翼翼地向前走去。
第一部分 阅读
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Established 11 years ago，Let Me Play started off as a sports camp organization. Through rapid growth and diversification，we now provide coaching and teaching programs for after-school clubs，breakfast clubs and lunch-time clubs for schools across London.
单元综合检测(三)
We need passionate coaches to deliver high quality lessons to children aged 5 to 18 in schools in and around London.Each class will have 15－20 children.There will be a framework (框架) of coaching principles to work within but coaches are expected to bring their expertise and coaching knowledge and to make teaching plans before every lesson.
This job is perfect for a student or someone looking for extra work，as the hours are flexible.
Person Specification：
A keen interest in sports coaching
Confident in delivery
A good level of English
Excellent communication skills
Capable of coaching in at least one sport
Experience of working with children
Anti-Discrimination (歧视) and Equal Opportunities
Sport belongs to and should be enjoyed by everyone equally.Let Me Play is aimed to remove discrimination whether by reason of race，nationality，ethnic origin，color，religion or ability and to encourage equal opportunities.
How to apply: Send your CV to sports@letmeplay.co.uk
Closing date：14th November
Assessment day：17th November
Income: ￡20 per hour
Location: Schools all over London
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则招聘体育教师的广告。
1．What is Let Me Play
A．It's a charity organization.
B．It's a voluntary organization.
C．It's a fast-developing organization.
D．It's a world-wide organization.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段“Established 11 years ago，Let Me Play started off as a sports camp organization.Through rapid growth and diversification，we now provide coaching and teaching programs for after-school clubs，breakfast clubs and lunch-time clubs for schools across London.”可知，Let Me Play是一个快速发展的组织。故选C项。]
√
2．What should a coach of Let Me Play do
A．Set out lesson plans in advance.
B．Get professional training before work.
C．Give lessons to primary school students.
D．Make a framework of coaching principles.
√
A [细节理解题。根据第二段“We need passionate coaches to deliver high quality lessons to children aged 5 to 18 in schools in and around London.Each class will have 15－20 children.There will be a framework of coaching principles to work within but coaches are expected to bring their expertise and coaching knowledge and to make teaching plans before every lesson.”可知，教练需在每节课之前制定教学计划。故选A项。]
3．What is required for an applicant
A．Sending the CV in person.
B．A keen interest in human rights.
C．Experience in sports coaching.
D．Applying before 14th November.
√
D [细节理解题。根据“Closing date：14th November”可知，应在11月14日前申请。故选D项。
B
A few months ago，the Brooklyn Nets basketball player Ben Simmons donated a basketball court to Machang township in Southwest China's Guizhou Province during a ceremony.Simmons has visited China several times since he was young.He has been deeply touched by the Chinese people's warmth and friendly feelings towards him and their enthusiasm for basketball.
Impressed by the news that basketball competitions had been held in Guizhou at a village with their own “Village Basketball Association (VBA)”， Simmons decided to donate a basketball court to the village during the Chinese New Year Basketball Competition in January. After conducting a survey，he set up the basketball court in Machang township in Gui'an New Area in the hope that it would create more opportunities for young fans to play basketball.
In the mountainous village of Machang，there are no huge electronic screens or advertisements at basketball games，but they can still be thrilling thanks to local players' love for the sport.These players later became a hit in China and even went viral (迅速传播).A recent final competition attracted 30，000 viewers on site and more than 1 billion viewers online.
Comparatively，the NBA boasts the best players in the world，top-class basketball gyms and professionally made commercials，so its exciting games draw fans around the world.The NBA and the “VBA”are thousands of miles apart，but their games are equally striking，fueling thousands of fans' enthusiasm. Both focus on a common interest of basketball fans in the U．S．and China and their shared pursuit of sports and a better life.
Although Machang township lacks modern sports facilities，the local people's love for basketball remains strong.So Simmons' donation will surely help improve the village's situation to a certain extent，but more importantly，it will bring people separated by the Pacific Ocean closer through this sport.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了美国篮球运动员Ben Simmons向中国西南部贵州省马场镇捐赠了一个篮球场，对篮球这项运动的热爱将大洋两岸的人们联系起来。
4．How did Ben Simmons give a hand to Machang township
A．By donating electronic screens and some equipment for playing basketball.
B．By giving some money to help the township to build a stadium.
C．By training some local people to practise playing basketball.
D．By offering a basketball court to the township for free.
√
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中“A few months ago，the Brooklyn Nets basketball player Ben Simmons donated a basketball court to Machang township in Southwest China's Guizhou Province during a ceremony.”可知，Ben Simmons通过向马场镇免费捐赠篮球场来帮助该镇，故选D。]
5．What can we learn from the third paragraph
A．The recent match appealed to a large number of viewers.
B．The local players can earn an amount of money by playing the game.
C．The players' professional skills make the local basketball games exciting.
D．Advertisements contributed to the successful promotion of the local sport.
√
A [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“A recent final competition attracted 30，000 viewers on site and more than 1 billion viewers online.”可知，最近的一场比赛吸引了大量观众，故选A。]
6．Why is the NBA mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To suggest the “VBA”should learn from the NBA.
B．To show the NBA is much more exciting than the “VBA”．
C．To express the NBA and the “VBA”have something in common.
D．To prove the rules of the “VBA”and the NBA are almost the same.
√
C [推理判断题。根据第四段“Comparatively，the NBA boasts the best players in the world，top-class basketball gyms and professionally made commercials，so its exciting games draw fans around the world.The NBA and the ‘VBA’ are thousands of miles apart，but their games are equally striking，fueling thousands of fans' enthusiasm.Both focus on a common interest of basketball fans in the U．S．and China and their shared pursuit of sports and a better life.”可知，本段提及NBA是为了说明“VBA”和NBA有一些共同之处，故选C。]
7．What can be the theme of the last paragraph
A．The living standard of the village.
B．The significance of the donation.
C．The sports facilities of the township.
D．The meaning of the basketball competitions.
√
B [段落大意题。根据最后一段中“So Simmons' donation will surely help improve the village's situation to a certain extent，but more importantly，it will bring people separated by the Pacific Ocean closer through this sport.”可知，本段主要是强调Simmons捐赠篮球场的意义，故选B。]
C
Migraine is a disease that has a number of symptoms (症状)，including head pain that can stick around from four hours to several days.While migraines can happen partly because of genetic (基因的) problems，attacks may happen by chance，set off by a cause in the environment.
One common cause is food，and some common dietary causes include alcohol，salt，sugar，chocolate，and caffeine.But there are many others，and scientists continue to identify more. For example，a Brazilian study found that watermelons brought on a headache within minutes in about 30 percent of the participants.
Some new research is looking at which foods and what kinds of diets can prevent or lessen migraines.A new study published by a team of researchers found that a diet higher in fish oils rather than vegetable oils helped people ease their headaches.In the study，those on a diet lower in vegetable oil and higher in fatty fish had a 30 to 40 percent reduction in total headache hours per day，serious headache hours per day，and overall headache days per month compared to the control group.
Tanya Kamka had suffered weekly migraines for most of her life.Then，in her 50s，she joined the NIH diet experiment and increased her intake of fish.After only a few months，“I haven't had a migraine，not even a mild one，in over two years，”she says.
For others，the solution comes from plants，not fish.A 60-year-old man joined a study on the food-migraine link and turned to a diet，which includes a lot of dark，leafy greens.After two months he was experiencing only one migraine a month instead of the 18 to 24 a month he'd suffered before.
Clearly，people with migraines react to food in very different ways.What works for one person may not work for another.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了偏头痛这一疾病以及不同的食物疗法。
8．What do we know about migraine from paragraph 1
A．It is related to sleep time.
B．It never runs in the family.
C．It lasts for at least three hours.
D．It can be caused by the environment.
√
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中“While migraines can happen partly because of genetic problems，attacks may happen by chance，set off by a cause in the environment.”可知，环境可能导致偏头痛，故选D。]
9．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The length of migraine.
B．Foods that lead to migraine.
C．The most common cause of migraine.
D．A Brazilian study about migraine.
√
B [段落大意题。根据第二段中“One common cause is food，and some common dietary causes include alcohol，salt，sugar，chocolate，and caffeine.But there are many others，and scientists continue to identify more.”可知，第二段主要介绍了导致偏头痛的一些食物，故选B。]
10．What can lessen migraines according to a new study
A．Fish oils. B．Vegetable oils.
C．All kinds of fat. D．Various vegetables.
√
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中“A new study published by a team of researchers found that a diet higher in fish oils rather than vegetable oils helped people ease their headaches.”可知，去年的新研究发现吃鱼油可以缓解头痛，故选A。]
11．Which is the author's opinion about the effect of food on migraines
A．It varies from person to person.
B．It can only stay for a short time.
C．It depends on the age of a patient.
D．It is connected to how much one takes.
√
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Clearly，people with migraines react to food in very different ways.What works for one person may not work for another.”可知，食物对偏头痛的疗效因人而异，故选A。]
D
Going from being called a “stupid molecule (分子)”to “the secret of life”， our discovery and understanding of DNA has come a long way.Last year marks the 70th anniversary of the discovery of the structure of DNA—the pivotal (关键的) year when the so-called “secret of life”was uncovered by two scientists: James Watson from the U．S. and Francis Crick from the UK.
Inherited characteristics like eye color，nose shape and even intelligence—scientists found the structure of the chemical which transmits these from one generation to another.“Discovering how these ‘chemical’ cards are shuffled (洗牌) and paired will keep the scientists busy for the next 50 years，”journalist Ritchie Calder commented in 1953 on the discovery.And it certainly has.The study of DNA has led to world-changing advances in many fields.
“DNA makes time fluid (流动的)，”said The Irish Times.It lets us redefine the future.For example，in medicine，DNA helps us identify “weak points”in the human genome that might be prone to disease.Through a technique called gene therapy，a person's genes can be modified to treat or cure certain diseases.Another example is agriculture，where work on plant DNA has allowed us to change the way we breed (培育) crops，opening the door for genetically modified plants and advances in food security.
DNA can also shed light on the past.In forensic (法医的) science，DNA analysis has come to serve as a vital form of evidence in crime scenes，with “many millions having been proven guilty or innocent”through its usage，said the website AZoLife Sciences.And DNA in specimens (标本) like fossils and artifacts (文物) can give us vital information on humans and other species.
But what's next for DNA research Improvements in technology are allowing us to utilize DNA in new ways.As the cost of DNA technologies decreases and related machines become more efficient，it becomes more accessible，reported Wired magazine.In medicine，DNA plays a key role in furthering the development of “personalized medicine”— designing treatment plans based on the genomes and other specific factors of individual patients.As “natural supercomputers”， DNA can store large amounts of data.So scientists are busy learning from DNA to make our computers store more data and work even faster.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了DNA这一重大发现的重要性及其应用。
12．Why does the author quote Ritchie Calder's remark in paragraph 2
A．To help better understand DNA.
B．To highlight scientists' efforts.
C．To stress the discovery's impact.
D．To stress the importance of DNA technology.
√
C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“And it certainly has.The study of DNA has led to world-changing advances in many fields.”可知，引用Ritchie Calder的评论，是为了强调DNA的发现对科学的影响和重要性，故选C项。]
13．What are paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about
A．The diverse applications of DNA.
B．The mysterious aspects of DNA.
C．Challenges of DNA research.
D．Ways to expand DNA research.
√
A [段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Through a technique called gene therapy，a person's genes can be modified to treat or cure certain diseases.Another example is agriculture，where work on plant DNA has allowed us to change the way we breed crops，opening the door for genetically modified plants and advances in food security.”和第四段中的“DNA can also shed light on the past.In forensic science，DNA analysis has come to serve as a vital form of evidence in crime scenes”可知，这两段主要讨论了DNA在医学、农业和法医科学等领域的多种应用，故选A项。]
14．What does the underlined word “utilize”in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Protect. B．Use. C．Correct. D．Prevent.
√
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“In medicine，DNA plays a key role in furthering the development of ‘personalized medicine’ — designing treatment plans based on the genomes and other specific factors of individual patients.As ‘natural supercomputers’，DNA can store large amounts of data.So scientists are busy learning from DNA to make our computers store more data and work even faster.”可知，我们可以将DNA用于个性化医学和计算机方面，可推知第五段中画线单词utilize的意思是“使用”。故选B项。]
15．What could DNA research help with in the future according to the text
A．The replacement of medicines.
B．The reduction of medical costs.
C．The advancement of self-diagnosis.
D．The improvement of computer performance.
√
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As ‘natural supercomputers’， DNA can store large amounts of data.So scientists are busy learning from DNA to make our computers store more data and work even faster.”可知，科学家正致力于研究如何利用DNA来使计算机存储更多数据并提升其运行速度，因而，DNA研究在未来有助于计算机的改进。故选D项。]
第二节
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Avoid the Flu
The flu (流感) can easily spread from one person to another.This is especially true for people who are weak.When you are weak，you are more likely to catch the flu.Do you know how to avoid it 16 ．
Wash your hands
Washing your hands is an easy way to avoid the flu.You should wash your hands when coming home，before eating，after using the toilet，etc. 17 ．It's better to wash them for several minutes.
Eat healthy food
Another good way to avoid the flu is to have healthy food，because healthy food can provide you with rich nutrition.For example，milk，eggs，fruit and vegetables are good choices for you.They will benefit your health. 18 ．
Do exercise
19 ．If you often do exercise，you may keep fit.You can play ping-pong，go swimming，have a walk and so on.No matter what kind of exercise you do，you should do it regularly.
20 .
Keeping away from people with the flu is an effective way.If your classmates or friends have the flu，keep away from them until they are well.You may catch it easily by staying close with them.Besides，you'd better wear a mask in crowded places.
A．Talk with friends happily
B．Keep away from people with the flu
C．Here are some suggestions for you
D．Doing exercise will make you stronger
E．You should use running water to wash your hands
F．You can donate some money to help people in need
G．So it is good for you to eat healthy food every day
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。流感很容易从一个人传播到另一个人。对于身体虚弱的人来说尤其如此。当你虚弱的时候，你更容易感染流感。文章就如何避免得流感提出了一些建议。
16．C [设空处为第一段最后一句，有引起下文的作用，结合后文主要是避免得上流感的建议，故C选项“这里有一些给你的建议”符合语境，故选C。]
17．E [根据上文“Washing your hands is an easy way to avoid the flu.You should wash your hands when coming home，before eating，after using the toilet，etc.”以及后文“It's better to wash them for several minutes.”可知，本句是在说明洗手的方法，要用流动的水洗手，而且最好多洗几分钟。故选E。]
18．G [根据上文“For example，milk，eggs，fruit and vegetables are good choices for you.They will benefit your health.”可知，牛奶、鸡蛋、水果和蔬菜都是不错的选择。它们将有益于健康。所以每天吃健康的食物对人体有好处。故选G。]
19．D [根据本段小标题Do exercise以及后文“If you often do exercise，you may keep fit.You can play ping-pong，go swimming，have a walk and so on.No matter what kind of exercise you do，you should do it regularly.”可知，如果你经常锻炼，你就可以保持健康。你可以打乒乓球、游泳、散步等等。不管你做什么运动，你都应该经常做。由此可知，本段主要建议多做运动，才能使身体更强壮。故选D。]
20．B [本空为本段小标题，是该段的主旨句。根据后文“Keeping away from people with the flu is an effective way.If your classmates or friends have the flu，keep away from them until they are well.You may catch it easily by staying close with them.Besides，you'd better wear a mask in crowded places.”可知，本段主要说明的是要远离流感患者。故B选项“远离流感患者”符合文章主旨，故选B。]
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In an inspiring series of events over six years，a remarkable woman has turned up as the guardian angel for one family.She 21 a man from a life-threatening situation and later saved his daughter's life.
Six years ago，Kristi Hadfield was a nurse who saved John Cunningham's life when he was 22 a heart attack.“At the time I
23 being in the back of the ambulance and I was like，‘Not today John，not today，’”Hadfield recalled.She performed chest compressions (按压) until they 24 the hospital. 25 ， doctors were able to get him back.
Hadfield stayed in 26 with Cunningham through social media，as she often does with 27 patients.She also became Internet friends with his daughter，Molly Jones，after Jones sent her a friend 28 on the Internet.On July 7，Jones 29 on the Internet that she was officially on the kidney transplant (肾移植) list.She was ill with advanced kidney disease.Although she found it hard to ask for help，she wanted to see if anyone would 30 donating.
“And when I posted it，I got a(n) 31 from Kristi，”Jones said.Hadfield messaged Jones and said，“Hey，I've got your kidney here.”Hadfield was eventually cleared to be a kidney 32 and the two women met for the first time.And on December 27，the operation finally 33 ．The operation went as planned and was 34 ．“It was amazing.Kristi gave me back my 35 ，”Jones said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了克里斯蒂·哈德菲尔德救了约翰·坎宁安和他的女儿琼斯的故事。
21．A．knew B．caught
C．rescued D．employed
√
C [根据后文“Kristi Hadfield was a nurse who saved John Cunningham's life”可知，此处是指克里斯蒂·哈德菲尔德救了一名生命垂危的男子。故选C项。]
22．A．having B．avoiding
C．escaping D．curing
√
A [根据前文“Kristi Hadfield was a nurse who saved John Cunningham's life”以及后文“a heart attack”并结合选项可知，应是心脏病发作时，救了他的命。故选A项。]
23．A．enjoy B．remember
C．regret D．imagine
√
B [根据后文的“Hadfield recalled”可知，此处是他在回忆，所以是记得。故选B项。]
24．A．came across B．worked on
C．turned to D．got to
D [根据前文“She performed chest compressions”以及后文“the hospital”可知，克里斯蒂救了约翰，根据选项，应是“直到他们到达医院”。故选D项。]
√
25．A．Fortunately B．Gradually
C．Disappointedly D．Basically
√
A [根据后文“doctors were able to get him back”可知，医生把他救活了，所以是幸运地。故选A项。]
26．A．agreement B．touch
C．comparison D．Competition
B [根据后文“through social media”可知，应是通过社交媒体保持联系，stay in touch为固定搭配，意为“保持联系”。故选B项。]
√
27．A．female B．strange
C．serious D．former
√
D [根据前文“she often does”以及后文的“patients”并结合选项可知，此处应是“经常与以前的病人做的一样”符合语境。故选D项。]
28．A．order B．gift
C．request D．suggestion
√
C [根据前文“She also became Internet friends with his daughter，Molly Jones”可知，哈德菲尔德和莫莉·琼斯成为网友，所以是发了好友申请给她。故选C项。]
29．A．identified B．recommended
C．shared D．heard
√
C [根据后文“And when I posted it”可知，此处是上传到网上，所以是在网络上分享。故选C项。]
30．A．quit B．appreciate
C．allow D．Consider
D [根据前文“Although she found it hard to ask for help”可知，前后应是表转折，前文是很难寻求帮助，所以此处应是“是否有人会考虑捐赠”。故选D项。]
√
31．A．invitation B．message
C．argument D．description
√
B [根据后文“Hadfield messaged Jones and said”可知，此处是收到了消息。故选B项。]
32．A．provider B．waiter
C．user D．Protector
A [根据前文“later saved his daughter's life”可知，克里斯蒂救了琼斯，所以是克里斯蒂提供了肾脏给她。故选A项。]
√
33．A．set out B．took place
C．shut up D．came back
√
B [根据后文“The operation went as planned”可知，应该是12月27日，手术终于开始了。故选B项。]
34．A．remarkable B．unique
C．successful D．Significant
C [根据后文“It was amazing.Kristi gave me back my________”可知，克里斯蒂救了琼斯，所以手术是成功的。故选C项。]
√
35．A．life B．luck
C．money D．thanks
√
A [根据前文“later saved his daughter's life”可知，克里斯蒂救了琼斯，所以是给了她生命。故选A项。]
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Plastic production is energy intensive (能源密集型) and consumes fossil fuels.When burnt，waste plastic gives off heat-trapping gases and other pollutants.Once such emissions (排放) reach a certain level，it results 36．__ environmental problems that will，in turn，harm human beings.All of this makes recycling plastic waste important.
in
China's efforts 37．_____________ (recycle) plastic waste have contributed 38．_____________ (significant) to slowing global climate change，reducing oil consumption and carbon emissions by millions of tons.China has also prevented 900 million tons of waste from 39．______________(generate).
to recycle
significantly
being generated
Over the past decade，China 40．________________ (establish) a market-based plastic recycling system with wide-ranging coverage，which accounts for over 45 percent of the world's total recycled plastic waste.China now has the 41．______ (large) plastic recycling capacity in the world.Its huge plastic recycling industry，which employs about 900，000 workers，recycled 31 percent of the plastic waste produced nationally in 2021，about 1.7 times 42．____ global average rate.
has established
largest
the
China has also made great 43．_____________ (contribution) to the recycling of plastic waste from other parts of the world.Between 1992 and 2018，China recycled 106 million tons of imported plastic waste，a lot of 44．________ was from the European Union and the United States.This 45．________ (help) save 318 million tons of oil.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国为回收塑料垃圾做出的努力。
contributions
which
helped
36．in [考查介词。result in“导致”，固定短语，故填in。]
37．to recycle [考查非谓语动词。空处应填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰抽象名词efforts，故填to recycle。]
38．significantly [考查副词。空处修饰动词contributed，应用副词形式，故填significantly。]
39．being generated [考查非谓语动词。prevent... from doing sth.“阻止……做某事”，空处应填动词-ing形式作宾语，且动词generate和waste之间是被动关系，故用被动式，故填being generated。]
40．has established [考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the past decade可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语China表示单数意义，助动词应用has，故填has established。]
41．largest [考查形容词最高级。根据空前的“the”以及空后的“in the world”可知，此处应用形容词最高级，故填largest。]
42．the [考查冠词。此处是倍数表达法“数字＋times＋the＋名词”，故填the。]
43．contributions [考查名词复数。contribution“贡献”，是可数名词，make great contributions“做出巨大贡献”，此处应用名词复数形式，故填contributions。]
44．which [考查定语从句。分词句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“imported plastic waste”，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。]
45．helped [考查时态。结合上文内容可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，空处是谓语动词，用过去式。故填helped。]
第三部分 写作
第一节
假定你是高二(6)班班长李华，你校将开展更多的课外活动。请代表班级向学校学生会主席David发一封邮件，推荐你班认为合理的运动项目，内容包括：
1．推荐项目；
2．推荐理由。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
I am Li Hua，the monitor of Class 6 Grade 2.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear David，
I am Li Hua，the monitor of Class 6 Grade 2.Knowing more sports events will be carried out in our extra-curricular activities，I'd like to recommend two events on behalf of my class.
Most of us consider jogging is suitable for both boys and girls.Not only will it benefit our health，but also it is helpful to shape our body.As for the group game，football is much more popular than others，especially among boys.All the members learn to cooperate with each other so that they build up important qualities like responsibility and teamwork.For these reasons，it's highly recommended that jogging and football should be included.
Hopefully，our recommendation will be taken into consideration.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A few years ago，my wife Sue had some fairly serious health problems.She had suffered surgery after surgery and had also put on weight for several years.Diets had not helped her.
One day we sat down and drew up a “wish list”of the things we wanted most out of life.One of Sue's items was to run in a marathon.Given her history and physical limitations，I thought her goal was completely unrealistic，but Sue became committed to it.
She began by running very slowly around.Every day she ran just a little farther than she had the day before，just one driveway more.“When will I ever be able to run a mile？”Sue asked one day.Soon she was running three.Then five.“We can change ourselves for the better and cause ourselves to pursue our most precious desires with almost total success，”Sue said and registered to run in the St.George Marathon in southern Utah.
I drove the mountainous road from Cedar City to St.George.When the marathon began，I parked the car near the finish line and waited for Sue to come in.Five hours later，it was raining steadily and the wind was cold.Several cold and injured runners had been transported past me，and I began to panic.The image of Sue，alone and cold，off the road somewhere，made me sick with worry.The fast and strong competitors had finished long ago，and runners were becoming fewer and fewer.Now I could not see anyone in either direction.
Almost all of the cars along the marathon route had left，and some normal traffic was beginning.I was able to drive directly up the race route.There were still no runners in view after driving almost two miles.Then I went around a bend in the road and spotted two runners running up ahead.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
It was Sue in the company of a girl runner，struggling.___________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
At the finish line，the girl hugged Sue，“You made me believe we could do it.”________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
It was Sue in the company of a girl runner，struggling. As I approached them，I noticed the pair dragging their feet and running forward awkwardly with their shoes wet. I pulled off and called.“Are you okay？”“Oh，yes！”Sue said，almost out of breath. The girl also nodded and kept moving. I had wanted to offer them a ride in，but the resolve in their eyes made me swallow back the words.I turned around and followed. Inch by inch，they were getting closer to the finish line.Eventually，the real winners in my heart ran past the finish line.
At the finish line，the girl hugged Sue，“You made me believe we could do it.” She added，“Sue described so vividly how it would be to finish that I knew I could do it.”Sue smiled back.“I've been dreaming about this day for two years and I shall not be denied.”Greatly moved，the girl promised she would never quit anything easily without total success.At that moment，I looked at Sue and found she was carrying herself differently.It was not as if she had become someone new；it was more as if she had discovered a real self she had not known before.She truly liked her newly discovered self.So did I．
THANKS
