Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
Period 1 单元词汇表
1．_______ n．生物学 2．_______ vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护 3．infer vt.__________ 4．_________ vt.计算，核算 5．_______ n．障碍，壁垒 6．_________ adj.完全相同的，非常相似的 7．____________ adj.繁殖的，生殖的 8．wholly adv.______ 9．_______ adj.至关重要的，关键性的 10．_____ adj.很有可能，肯定会 11．____ adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 12．_____ vt.滥用，妄用； 虐待 n．滥用；虐待 1．This rule was brought into being because the old law was ______ (abuse). 2．The aims of the organisation are ______(whole) peaceful. 3．20 per cent of the ____________(calculate) are wrong. 4．It is not ______ (mere) a job，but a way of life. 5．The two trees behave ___________ (identical)，but they have different purposes. 6．I ________ (infer) from the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident. 7．Her success had _________(justify) the faith her teachers had put in her. 8．Several red and white ________ (barrier) marked the road at intervals of about a mile.
1．capable adj.有能力的；足以胜任的→____________n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能 2．innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革→____________n．革新，创新 3．participate vi.参加→_______________n．参加，参与→_____________n．参加者，参与者 4．edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→_________n．版本(出版形式)；(广播、电视节目的)一期，一辑；(报纸、杂志的)一份→________n．编辑；编者 5．artificial adj.人为的，人工的；虚假的→______________adv.人为地，虚假地 6．compare vi.& vt.比较，对比→____________n．比较 7．accurate adj.准确的，正确的→__________n．准确性 8．treat vt.对待；处理；治疗；把……视为；招待→___________n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式 9．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情→___________adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的 1．Her later work does not bear __________ (compare) with her earlier novels. 2．The new drug is a major step forward in the _________ (treat) of the disease. 3．They have the __________ (capable) to destroy the enemy in days rather than weeks. 4．Mothers are often the ones who provide _________(emotion) support for the family. 5．Technical __________ (innovate) plays an important role in increasing production. 6．The size of the conference was larger and there were more ____________ (participate) in it. 7．For the sake of historical ________ (accurate)，please permit us to state the true facts. 8．The second _______(edit) was published only in America.
1．________ 导致；通向 2．____________________ 与……比较 3．_______________ 致力于 4．______________ 照顾，照料 5．________________ 对……至关重要 6．_____________ 一定会 7．_______________ 能够…… 8．_______________ 独自 9．_______________ 被视为；被当作 10．__________ 依靠，依赖；相信，信任 1．They prove that agriculture ________________ development. 2．This announcement _____________ shake the confidence of the industry. 3．He said that his father's life work ________________ the conservation of the Longleat Estate. 4．____________________ the previous study，the new study expanded research subjects. 5．Abuse can ________ both psychological and emotional problems. 6．I'm not worried about her because she can ______________ herself.
由新知联想已知
1．biology n.生物学 [联想] ①chemistry n．化学 ②physics n．物理 ③geography n．地理 ④mathematics n．数学 2．wholly adv.完全地 [联想] ①terrible→terribly ②true→truly ③gentle→gently 3．crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的 [联想] ①essential adj.必要的，重要的，基本的 ②basic adj.基本的 ③chief adj.最重要的，主要的，首席的 ④main adj.主要的，最重要的 4．bound adj.很有可能，肯定会 [联想] ①certain adj.肯定；确定；确实 ②sure adj.一定的，必定的；不容置疑的
第一篇课文
①clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖
②the process of...……的过程
③artificially adv.人为地，虚假地
④for generations好几代；好几辈
⑤suitable adj.合适的，适宜的
⑥medium n．培养基
⑦identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的
⑧twin n．双胞胎中的一个
⑨attempt to do sth.尝试做某事
⑩normally adv.通常；正常情况下；正常地；平常地
develop an illness患上一种疾病
mammal species哺乳动物物种
camel n．骆驼
cattle n．牛
a similar pattern of一种类似的类型
as well也
lead to导致；通向
a major issue一个主要的问题
forever adv.永远；长久地
long-tailed adj.长尾的
primate n．灵长目动物
in comparison with 与……比较
non-reproductive adj.无生殖力的
complicated adj.复杂的，难懂的
wholly adv.完全地
be devoted to 致力于
take care of 照顾，照料
failure n．失败；失败的人或事
eventually adv.最后；最终
break this technical barrier突破这个技术壁垒
edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接
gene n．基因
a huge breakthrough 一项巨大的突破
cure n．治疗，治愈
clue n．线索，提示
have the potential to 有……的潜力/潜能
accurate adj.准确的，正确的
treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
provoke vt.激起，引起
emotion n．强烈的情感，激情
crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的
be crucial for 对……至关重要
scientific advancement 科学的进步
raise moral concerns 引起道德方面的担忧
be bound to 一定会
ethical adj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的
identity n．身份；特征；个性
be viewed as 被看作……
mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的
inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的
abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n．滥用；虐待
a powerful instrument 一种强有力的工具
TO CLONE① OR NOT TO CLONE
Cloning is the process of② making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially③.Natural cloning has been going on for generations④.For example，gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable⑤ medium⑥， such as soil.Another example of natural cloning is identical⑦ twins⑧， who are produced from the same egg[1].
[1]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词identical twins。
For years，there had been attempts to clone⑨ animals artificially.The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep named Dolly[2] in 1996．At first，Dolly grew normally⑩， but later she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals[3].She lived for six and a half years，only half the life of the sheep from which she was cloned[4].After Dolly，scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal species ， including camels ， cattle ， deer，dogs，goats and mice.However，they have found a similar pattern of health problems with these other species as well .This has led to questions such as，“Will this be a major issue for all cloned animals？” “Will it continue to happen forever ？”．
[2] named Dolly是过去分词短语作定语。
[3]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词an illness。
[4]from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the sheep。
In January 2018，the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys，Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua，was announced by Chinese scientists.They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned! In comparison with other species，cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”， and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated .Dr.Sun Qiang，director of the research team，said they had been wholly devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1，000 monkeys 24 hours a day，7 days a week for more than 5 years.There had been a number of failures before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey.The reason they worked so hard to break this technical barrier was to get animals with edited genes and produce animal models that are helpful for medical research and human health.
The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as a huge breakthrough that might lead to cures for various diseases and may also offer clues on how to prevent the aging process[5].With this technology，we have the potential to raise a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time，and we can even change their genes to suit research needs.This could help save research time，reduce the number of animals required for testing，produce more accurate results，and lead to more effective treatments .
[5]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a huge breakthrough；how引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
Cloning，however，continues to be an issue that causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes strong emotions .While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement ， others raise moral concerns .[6]They believe it is bound to lead to cloning of other species，and they worry about the ethical questions this raises.For example，they wonder if clones should be treated as objects or as individuals with their own identity .Furthermore，clones may be viewed as mere copies of originals thus being seen as inferior .Finally，they worry that some organisations may abuse the technology for unethical purposes.
[6]While引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。
So far，it is still unknown what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up.Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.As Einstein said，“Science is a powerful instrument.How it is used，whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind，depends on mankind and not on the instrument.A knife is useful，but it can also kill.”
克隆还是不克隆？
克隆是通过自然或人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。自然克隆由来已久。例如，园丁们从植物上截取一段，放在合适的培养基中(例如土壤)，就是一种克隆。自然克隆的另一个例子是同卵双胞胎，它们是由同一个卵子受精产生的。
多年来，人们一直在尝试人工克隆动物。第一只成功克隆的动物是1996年的克隆羊多莉。起初，多莉发育正常，但后来患上了一种疾病，这种疾病更常见于更年老的动物。多莉活了六年半，寿命只有母体绵羊的一半。继多莉之后，科学家已经克隆了20多种哺乳动物，包括骆驼、牛、鹿、狗、山羊和老鼠。然而，在这些物种的克隆动物身上，科学家们也发现了与多莉羊相似的健康问题。由此引发了一些疑问，例如：“这会是所有克隆动物的主要问题吗？”“这个问题会永远持续下去吗？”。
2018年1月，中国科学家宣布成功克隆了两只长尾猴，中中和华华。它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)！与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。研究小组的负责人孙强博士说，他们全身心地投入到研究中，5年多来每周7天，每天24小时照看一千多只猴子。历经多次失败，他们最终找到了成功克隆猴子的方法。他们之所以如此努力地要突破这一技术壁垒，是为了获得经过基因编辑的动物，研制有助于医学研究和人类健康的动物模型。
灵长类动物的成功克隆获得了全世界的赞誉，被认为是一项巨大的突破，从而为治愈多种疾病、延缓衰老提供线索。有了这项技术，我们就有可能在短时间内培育大量基因相同的猴子，甚至可以改变它们的基因，以适应研究需要。这有助于节省研究时间，减少实验所需动物的数量，使实验结果更准确、治疗方法更有效。
但是，克隆仍是一个会引起很多争议、激起强烈(反对)情绪的问题。尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。他们认为这项技术必将导致其他物种的克隆，担心由此会引发伦理问题。比如，他们提出克隆体是被当作物体还是具有独特个性的个体。而且，克隆体可能会被看作母体的副本，因此被认为更低等。最后，他们担心某些组织可能会出于不道德的目的滥用该技术。
到目前为止，我们仍不清楚中中和华华长大后会发生什么。研究人员认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。正如爱因斯坦所言：“科学是一种强有力的工具。怎样使用它，究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，完全取决于人类自己，而不取决于工具。刀子是有用的，但刀子也能杀人。”
Period 1
速记·重点词汇——牢记词形和词义
1．biology 2．justify 3．推断，推定 4．calculate 5．barrier
6．identical 7．reproductive 8．完全地 9．crucial
10．bound 11．mere 12．abuse
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．abused 2．wholly 3．calculations 4．merely
5．identically 6．inferred 7．justified 8．barriers
速记·派生词汇——牢记词形和词义
1．capability 2．innovation 3．participation；participant
4．edition；editor 5．artificially 6．comparison
7．accuracy 8．treatment 9．emotional
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．comparison 2．treatment 3．capability 4．emotional
5．innovation 6．participants 7．accuracy 8．edition
速记·重点短语——记牢搭配和意义
1．lead to 2．in comparison with 3．be devoted to 4．take care of 5．be crucial for 6．be bound to 7．be capable of
8．on one's own 9．be treated as 10．depend on
运用·语境填空——测试一下基本功
1．is crucial for 2．is bound to 3．was devoted to
4．In comparison with 5．lead to 6．take care of
1 / 1(共34张PPT)
Period 1
Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
主题语境
人与社会 —— 科学与技术
1．_______n．生物学
2．_______ vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
3．infer vt.__________
4．_________ vt.计算，核算
5．_______n．障碍，壁垒
6．_________ adj.完全相同的，非常相似的
课时练案 单元词汇表
biology
justify
推断，推定
calculate
barrier
identical
7．____________ adj.繁殖的，生殖的
8．wholly adv.______
9．_______ adj.至关重要的，关键性的
10．_____ adj.很有可能，肯定会
11．____ adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的
12．_____ vt.滥用，妄用； 虐待n．滥用；虐待
reproductive
完全地
crucial
bound
mere
abuse
1．This rule was brought into being because the old law was _______ (abuse).
2．The aims of the organisation are ______(whole) peaceful.
3．20 per cent of the ____________(calculate) are wrong.
4．It is not ______ (mere) a job，but a way of life.
5．The two trees behave __________(identical)，but they have different purposes.
abused
wholly
calculations
merely
identically
6．I ________ (infer) from the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident.
7．Her success had _________(justify) the faith her teachers had put in her.
8．Several red and white ________ (barrier) marked the road at intervals of about a mile.
inferred
justified
barriers
1．capable adj.有能力的；足以胜任的→__________n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
2．innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革→__________n．革新，创新
3．participate vi.参加→___________n．参加，参与→__________n．
参加者，参与者
4．edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→________n．版本(出版形式)；(广播、电视节目的)一期，一辑；(报纸、杂志的)一份→________n．编辑；编者
capability
innovation
participation
participant
edition
editor
5．artificial adj.人为的，人工的；虚假的→__________adv.人为地，虚假地
6．compare vi.& vt.比较，对比→____________n．比较
7．accurate adj.准确的，正确的→__________n．准确性
8．treat vt.对待；处理；治疗；把……视为；招待→_________n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
9．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情→_________adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的
artificially
comparison
accuracy
treatment
emotional
1．Her later work does not bear __________ (compare) with her earlier novels.
2．The new drug is a major step forward in the _________ (treat) of the disease.
3．They have the __________ (capable) to destroy the enemy in days rather than weeks.
4．Mothers are often the ones who provide _________(emotion) support for the family.
comparison
treatment
capability
emotional
5．Technical _________ (innovate) plays an important role in increasing production.
6．The size of the conference was larger and there were more_________
(participate) in it.
7．For the sake of historical ________ (accurate)，please permit us to state the true facts.
8．The second _______(edit) was published only in America.
innovation
participants
accuracy
edition
1．________ 导致；通向
2．____________________ 与……比较
3．_______________ 致力于
4．______________ 照顾，照料
5．________________ 对……至关重要
6．_____________ 一定会
lead to
in comparison with
be devoted to
take care of
be crucial for
be bound to
7．_______________ 能够……
8．_______________ 独自
9．_______________ 被视为；被当作
10．__________ 依靠，依赖；相信，信任
be capable of
on one's own
be treated as
depend on
1．They prove that agriculture ____________ development.
2．This announcement ___________ shake the confidence of the industry.
3．He said that his father's life work ______________ the conservation of the Longleat Estate.
4．_________________the previous study，the new study expanded research subjects.
5．Abuse can _______ both psychological and emotional problems.
6．I'm not worried about her because she can ____________ herself.
is crucial for
is bound to
was devoted to
In comparison with
lead to
take care of
1．biology n.生物学
[联想] ①chemistry n．化学
②physics n．物理
③geography n．地理
④mathematics n．数学
2．wholly adv.完全地
[联想] ①terrible→terribly
②true→truly
③gentle→gently
词汇联想 由新知联想已知
3．crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的
[联想] ①essential adj.必要的，重要的，基本的
②basic adj.基本的
③chief adj.最重要的，主要的，首席的
④main adj.主要的，最重要的
4．bound adj.很有可能，肯定会
[联想] ①certain adj.肯定；确定；确实
②sure adj.一定的，必定的；不容置疑的
①clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖
②the process of...……的过程
③artificially adv.人为地，虚假地
④for generations好几代；好几辈
⑤suitable adj.合适的，适宜的
⑥medium n．培养基
课下预习 第一篇课文
⑦identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的
⑧twin n．双胞胎中的一个
⑨attempt to do sth.尝试做某事
⑩normally adv.通常；正常情况下；正常地；平常地
develop an illness患上一种疾病
mammal species哺乳动物物种
camel n．骆驼
cattle n．牛
a similar pattern of一种类似的类型
as well也
lead to导致；通向
a major issue一个主要的问题
forever adv.永远；长久地
long-tailed adj.长尾的
primate n．灵长目动物
in comparison with 与……比较
non-reproductive adj.无生殖力的
complicated adj.复杂的，难懂的
wholly adv.完全地
be devoted to 致力于
take care of 照顾，照料
failure n．失败；失败的人或事
eventually adv.最后；最终
break this technical barrier突破这个技术壁垒
edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接
gene n．基因
a huge breakthrough 一项巨大的突破
cure n．治疗，治愈
clue n．线索，提示
have the potential to 有……的潜力/潜能
accurate adj.准确的，正确的
treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
provoke vt.激起，引起
emotion n．强烈的情感，激情
crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的
be crucial for 对……至关重要
scientific advancement 科学的进步
raise moral concerns 引起道德方面的担忧
be bound to 一定会
ethical adj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的
identity n．身份；特征；个性
be viewed as 被看作……
mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的
inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的
abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待n．滥用；虐待
a powerful instrument 一种强有力的工具
TO CLONE① OR NOT TO CLONE
Cloning is the process of② making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially③.Natural cloning has been going on for generations④.For example，gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable⑤ medium⑥，such as soil.Another example of natural cloning is identical⑦ twins⑧，who are produced from the same egg[1].
[1]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词identical twins。
For years，there had been attempts to clone⑨ animals artificially.The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep named Dolly[2] in 1996．At first，Dolly grew normally⑩，but later she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals[3].She lived for six and a half years，only half the life of the sheep from which she was cloned[4].After Dolly，scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal species ，including camels ，cattle ，deer，dogs，goats and mice.However，they have found a similar pattern of health problems with these other species as well .This has led to questions such as，“Will this be a major issue for all cloned animals？”“Will it continue to happen forever ？”．
[2] named Dolly是过去分词短语作定语。
[3]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词an illness。
[4]from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the sheep。
In January 2018，the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys，Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua，was announced by Chinese scientists.They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned! In comparison with other species，cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”，and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated .Dr.Sun Qiang，director of the research team，said they had been wholly devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1，000 monkeys 24 hours a day，7 days a week for more than 5 years.There had been a number of failures before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey.The reason they worked so hard to break this technical barrier was to get animals with edited genes and produce animal models that are helpful for medical research and human health.
The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as a huge breakthrough that might lead to cures for various diseases and may also offer clues on how to prevent the aging process[5].With this technology，we have the potential to raise a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time，and we can even change their genes to suit research needs.This could help save research time，reduce the number of animals required for testing，produce more accurate results，and lead to more effective treatments .
[5]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a huge breakthrough；how引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
Cloning，however，continues to be an issue that causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes strong emotions While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement ，others raise moral concerns .[6]They believe it is bound to lead to cloning of other species，and they worry about the ethical questions this raises.For example，they wonder if clones should be treated as objects or as individuals with their own identity .Furthermore，clones may be viewed as mere copies of originals thus being seen as inferior .Finally，they worry that some organisations may abuse the technology for unethical purposes.
[6]While引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。
So far，it is still unknown what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up.Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced. As Einstein said，“Science is a powerful instrument.How it is used，whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind，depends on mankind and not on the instrument. A knife is useful，but it can also kill.”
克隆还是不克隆？
克隆是通过自然或人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。自然克隆由来已久。例如，园丁们从植物上截取一段，放在合适的培养基中(例如土壤)，就是一种克隆。自然克隆的另一个例子是同卵双胞胎，它们是由同一个卵子受精产生的。
多年来，人们一直在尝试人工克隆动物。第一只成功克隆的动物是1996年的克隆羊多莉。起初，多莉发育正常，但后来患上了一种疾病，这种疾病更常见于更年老的动物。多莉活了六年半，寿命只有母体绵羊的一半。继多莉之后，科学家已经克隆了20多种哺乳动物，包括骆驼、牛、鹿、狗、山羊和老鼠。然而，在这些物种的克隆动物身上，科学家们也发现了与多莉羊相似的健康问题。由此引发了一些疑问，例如：“这会是所有克隆动物的主要问题吗？”“这个问题会永远持续下去吗？”。
2018年1月，中国科学家宣布成功克隆了两只长尾猴，中中和华华。它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)！与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。研究小组的负责人孙强博士说，他们全身心地投入到研究中，5年多来每周7天，每天24小时照看一千多只猴子。历经多次失败，他们最终找到了成功克隆猴子的方法。他们之所以如此努力地要突破这一技术壁垒，是为了获得经过基因编辑的动物，研制有助于医学研究和人类健康的动物模型。
灵长类动物的成功克隆获得了全世界的赞誉，被认为是一项巨大的突破，从而为治愈多种疾病、延缓衰老提供线索。有了这项技术，我们就有可能在短时间内培育大量基因相同的猴子，甚至可以改变它们的基因，以适应研究需要。这有助于节省研究时间，减少实验所需动物的数量，使实验结果更准确、治疗方法更有效。
但是，克隆仍是一个会引起很多争议、激起强烈(反对)情绪的问题。尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。他们认为这项技术必将导致其他物种的克隆，担心由此会引发伦理问题。比如，他们提出克隆体是被当作物体还是具有独特个性的个体。而且，克隆体可能会被看作母体的副本，因此被认为更低等。最后，他们担心某些组织可能会出于不道德的目的滥用该技术。
到目前为止，我们仍不清楚中中和华华长大后会发生什么。研究人员认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。正如爱因斯坦所言：“科学是一种强有力的工具。怎样使用它，究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，完全取决于人类自己，而不取决于工具。刀子是有用的，但刀子也能杀人。”
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